The Iron Age 1938-01-27: Vol 141 Iss 4

drag. ne wire. Chelten. external Schedule Schedule ntil Feb, Schedule nachines er-nickel Vashing- Allen lanufae- has ft., for part Federal for 102); nnected and st over Buffalo, otomes, pur- power office rill equip- con- Furnace for strip coil. Unit covered Patents Nos. 195 and other patents pending. The Wilson Vertical Tube Type Annealing INSTALLATION \ \ meet all conditions service efficiently and eco- nomically, ENDURO produced more than score analyses, all commercial forms and wide variety finishes. also available the 4-6% Chromium Alloys intermediate corrosion- and heat-resisting steels. PA 2—THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938 THE IRON AGE, published every Thursday the CHILTON CO. (INC.). Publication Office, Chestnut 56th Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Editorial and Executive Offices, 239 39th St., New York, can for you Samples? Yes, they’re samples ENDURO, Republic’s Perfected Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steels, which Republic metallurgists will send you you will tell them just what problems rust, corrosion oxidation confront you. What ENDURO can for you not matter guess. Republic metallurgists experts stainless steels, with years experience laboratory and service tests, and the practical application this modern metal know where can used advantage know what type most efficient and economical. They are ready give you the benefit this experience the form advice your particular problem and they will let you substantiate their recommendations sending samples various types ENDURO that you may conveniently make your own tests without obligation. lic Steel GENERAL OFFICES CLEVELAND, OHIO ALLOY STEEL DIVISION MASSILLON, OHIO Entered second class matter November 1932, the Post Office Philadelphia under Act March 1879. $6.00 year S., Canada $8.50, Foreign $12.00. Vol. 141, No. ‘ j f | \ \ | = \ \ \ \ \ \ PER erfected will guess. years used ence will let your OHIO Editorial hia under FRITZ FRANK President VAN DEVENTER Editor Managing Editor News Editor Editor Emeritus Associate Editors JURASCHEK Consulting Bditor Washington Editor Resident District Editors Pittsburgh Chicago Cleveland Detroit Editorial Correspondents Londen, England Cincinnats Boston Hemburg, Germany Milwaukee San Francisco SANDERSON Asa JR. Toronto, Ontario Birminghem Newark, N. J. St. Lowts TURNER Buffalo Owned and Published CHILTON COMPANY (Incorporated) Publication Office Editorial and Chestnut and 56th Sts., Executive Offices Philadelphia, Pa. 239 West 39th St., New York, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS MUSSELMAN, President FRITZ FRANK, Executive Vice-President FREDERIC Vice-President JOSEPH HILDRETH, GEORGE GRIFFITHS, EVERIT TERHUNE, WILLIAM BARBER, Treasurer JOHN BLAIR MOFFETT, Secretary JOHN VAN JULIAN CHASE THOMAS KANB CHARLES BAUR CARROLL BUZBY FAHRENDORF BAUR, General Advertising Manager DIX, Manager Reader Service Member, Audit Bureau Circulations Member, Associated Business Papers Indexed the Industrial Arts Index. Published every Thursday. Subscrip- tion Price: United States and Pos- sessions, Mexico, Ouba, $6.00; Can- ada, $8.50; Foreign, $12.00 year. Single copy, cents. Cable Address, ‘‘Ironage, ADVERTISING STAFF Emerson Findley, 621 Union Bldg., Cleveland B. L. Herman, Chilten Bldg., Chestnut & 56th Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Hottenstein, 802 Otis Chicago Leonard, 39th St., New York Peirce Lewis, 7310 Woodward Ave., Detroit C. H. Ober, 239 W. 89th St., New York Robinson, 428 Park Pittsburgh Warren, Box 81, Hartford, Conn. JANUARY 27, Kill the Tough Roosters Quietly Don't Hang Together, Will Hang Developments Presses and Sheet Metal Machinery Plant Equipment Innovations Last Year Alloy Dies Strenes Metal .... Foundry Equipment and Supplies Washington News Statistics Metal-Working Activity Rate Activity Capital Goods Plant Expansion and Equipment Buying ....... Copyright 1938 Chilton Company (Inc.) ajar 3 103 = centralized production facilities enable Bethlehem furnish promptly virtually every type and size machine-flanged head required industry. Highly flexible machines permit wide variations dimensions without necessity for heavy machine-set-up charges,.making Bethlehem economical source supply well dependable one. BETHLEHEM IRON AGE, January 27, 1938 JANUARY 27, 1938 ESTABLISHED 1855 Vol. 141, Kill the Tough Roosters Quietly now know from experience that Congress cannot solve our unemployment problem passing laws. has been trying that, unsuccessfully, for the past five years. addition its evident failure legislate people back work who are out work, are justly beginning doubt law-making can even keep our employed people busy. Nor has Government, spite free hand and the help all sorts theorists, been able smooth out the fluctuations and thus temper depressions. Take, for example, the fluctuations monthly steel production Great Britain during the past three years and compare them with those which our own steel industry has ex- perienced. Great Britain, the greatest fluctuation any five month period during the past two years has been per cent. the United States has been per cent. Steel production, you well know, good barometer national business activity. Great Britain's fluctuations steel output have been but one third ours the United States. That means something British steel workers. Great Britain tackles her economic problems quietly. Any good farmer knows that hens will not lay eggs you keep chasing them around the henyard. Why cannot about solving our similar problems quiet and intelligent way that will encourage our hens lay and not scare them death? there are few tough roosters the flock whom would better have the stew pot than the barnyard, take them aside quietly for decapitation. not bring out battery artillery guns and the United States Army band conduct their obsequies. too nerve-wracking for the good the remainder. This the first simple but necessary step that must taken enable work out our mutual salvation. What need most today more peace and quiet. More peace and understanding mutual interests between employers and workers. And less noise and bluster from Washington. can secure the former, shall also get the latter. Fortunately, that seems more possible achievement now than has for number years. * a4 é gc) : : : | ihe : i time has come for employers and employees discard their non-essen- tial differences and get together common ground with common pur- pose. That purpose the mutually desirable one keeping business this country satisfactory level. The time now ripe this because have found out that cannot live the promises made mythical Uncle Sam. And Uncle Sam much myth Santa Claus. Uncle Sam just people. This theme, presented the author address Jan. before the Dayton, Cincinnati and Columbus section the Society Automotive Engineers Dayton, Ohio, may said the editorial policy THE IRON AGE for 1938. The practical approach common ground for employers and employees will developed from week week these columns during this year. With your assistance may result "Declaration important the future America the Declaration Independence has been our past. “If Hang Together, each had jumping toothache. Afterwards they happened meet convention the animal kingdom and began compare their ailments. Said the hippopotamus the mouse “my toothache hurts lot more than yours does you. For just see how much bigger teeth are than yours.” “Yes,” said the mouse, “but just see how much more you there absorb the pain.” Pains and troubles, suppose, are subject the laws relativity, just everything else. mouse can suffer just much hippopotamus ber this these present days the Great American Bellyache. The little America colonies 162 years ago was afflicted with much internal—and more external— troubles than the state big Amer- ica today. Let keep this fact mind and reflect upon how the little America 1776 managed mount the difficulties and dangers with which was faced; how suc- ceeded emerging from dissension- torn and loosely knit group separate colonies and becoming cohesive union states with common pur- pose. who talk modern political 22—THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938 pressures have real conception the pressures which Great Britain, mistress the seven seas, brought bear upon the leaders our thirteen colonies. the wedges that were driven between them the master strategists London. the mea- sures that were taken through intimi- dation and the promise favor hold them apart from one another and thus prevent cohesive alinement against the mother country. Our forefathers and the United States today have John Han- cock and Benjamin Franklin chiefly thank for brushing aside the non- essential differences which loomed large the minds those the Con- tinental Congress gathered Faneuil Hall and for clearly pointing the one road that would lead out. The road common pur- pose and common interest. Said John Hancock, addressing the Continental Congress: “It too late pull different ways; the members the Continental Con- gress must hang And Benjamin Franklin, crystallized the thought with his his- toric bon mot: “Yes, must indeed all hang together shall all hang separately.” Faced with the irresistible logic this appeal, our founding threw their immaterial differences the winds and went forward with common purpose achieve their com- mon interest. The Axiom True Today must all hang together, shall all hang separately This axiom just true today was 1776; just true was nearly centuries ago when Mark, apostolic biographer Christ, made against itself cannot That the doctrine and the philos- ophy that America must cling today hope get ourselves out the quicksands fear, uncer- tainty and distrust and back upon the solid ground continuing economic progress. A . 4 would ways; Con- turn, indeed hang ogic fathers nces with oday was Mark, made divided cling urselves pon the JOHN VAN DEVENTER Editor, The lron Age must pull out the wedges that have been driven between us. must throw aside our non-essential and under them find com- mon purpose. That easy thing say but possible thing do? believe that will more possible at- tempt with expectation success inthis year 1938 than would have been any year since 1929. Why? Because Americans every walk life are beginning face realities, discount dreams and wishes and realize that our economic salvation and our hope for the future rests the hands 120,000,000 people and not the hands any class fac- tional group, political otherwise. Events have been teaching this lesson for the last eight years but has taken this last recession depres- sion, whichever you prefer call it, America entered the depression bewildered child, spoiled with luxury whose parents had suddenly lost their money and could longer support the manner which had been accus- tomed. Before the great depression began, America, like pampered child wealth, accepted matter course living standard far above those other nations; wages far excess buying power those other coun- tries; opportunities for profitable en- terprise every hand. accepted enviable situation without question- ing very deeply how came about or, best, giving our superior smartness and ability the reason for it. Like pampered children suddenly deprived support, Americans all classes when hit the depression turned rich relative for succor and support. Uncle Sam with his fabulous pocketbook. did not real- ize that, like Santa Claus, Uncle Sam only myth and that has pocketbook; that Uncle Sam actu- ally 120 million Americans and that has not cent his name except those that hand him. All the children rushed him their dilemma. Employers besought Uncle Sam only myth. mericans. THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938—23 him curtail the laws competition and repeal the laws supply and de- mand that they could continue business. Labor besought him peg wages and shorten hours that could continue eat. Unem- rushed him for relief. And Uncle Sam, like Santa Claus, made all them plenty promises. Can't Live Promises not criticizing the fact that these promises were made. Promises are part the indispensable stock trade all politicians regardless party. seem recollect very prominent Republican chief executive who promised two chickens every pot and two cars every gar- age. merely pointing out the fact that Americans are beginning learn, like the sparrow who outlived the horse and buggy age, that you cannot live promises, especially when they are made mythical Uncle Sam who merely composite each and every one us. have begun learn that cannot live promises and that must live performance, the stage set make 1938 one the most sig- nificant years American economic history. may not year which will all make more money than ever before but can year which will get our feet the ground common purpose. Common Ground and Common Purpose What that common purpose? harmony between Government and business? are hearing great deal about that nowadays. Too much, think, because that sort talk ob- scures the main issue. The main is- sue, see it, not achieve com- mon cause and Government and business but com- mon cause and purpose between peo- ple. enough people America can find and follow common cause which will beneficial the majority, they need not worry about the attitude the politicians. Those gentlemen keep their ears the ground hearing unusually acute. When the public speaks, they will listen. When enough people find common ground, you will find the politicians making full speed for it. The old adage “shoemaker stick your last” might well applied to- day. Business and labor occupy common field endeavor, but Gov- 24—THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938 ernment should not attempt enter that field except the capacity umpire policeman. The personnel direct the functions management labor than either these two are fitted usurp the administrative law making judicial activities Government. There one common ground upon which every man, woman and child the United States can unite, with the exception only that small but noisy minority which wants United States America driven into Communism, Fascism Nihilism. That common ground and common purpose keep business activity this country satisfactory There profit for anybody business depression, except perhaps for the pawnbroker and the man who sells stocks short. And need not have any sympathy for them. Live Business America and its people live business. matter into what classes you may try divide them, each group suffers when business slows down. The farmer may have bumper crop but cannot sell profitably wage earners working half time less. The investor, large and small, the proprietors and owners businesses and industrial plants, the wage earner every kind, the doctor, the butcher, the baker and the candle- stick maker all “take the rap” when business activity falls below normal. there ever was common cause that could espoused over- whelming majority Americans keep business good. Union and non-union labor alike There common ground which can get together. can unite upon this objective together with capital and management. There room for difference opin- ion this desirability keeping business good. The differences come who makes bad. Buck passing this sort popu- lar pastime but get any- where. post-mortem will reveal why victim died, but never re. stored one life. Trying make goat the other fellow indeed profitless although perhaps natural considering our gen- eral dislike being blamed for un- fortunate happenings. But this ten- dency blame the other fellow for misfortune opens the door the wedge driver. Wedge drivers thrive trouble and increase their own business, profit prestige making trouble. The demagogue, the pulous labor leader and the agent provocateur are all wedge drivers who have had opportunity thriv- ing business while the bewildered child was struggling the economic morass depression. The recogni- tion common interest employers and labor and the adoption com- mon purpose keep business geod would make business poor for these wedge drivers. For Mutual Benefit ness good! Can you imagine any more practical purpose which employers and workers well everyone else can unite? successfully enlist men differ- ing kinds and common cause, you must make plain that for their common good. The grind- stone must made grind all axes, not just few. You cannot expect wage earners “rally round the flag, boys” and forward march toward bet- ter profits for the boss unless there going something for them too. this case there something for everybody. point the wage earner. Union men and non-union men alike are equally anxious see business continue operate high level. Wage ers are the ones who suffer the most when down. Why does man join union? secure protection work and wages. help stabi- lize his weekly income. That least the theory. But along comes cession business, which respec- ter persons, sects, political beliefs affiliations. The depres- sion does not ask union man any | — 2 - “ ‘2 = 3 together There of Opin- keeping es come culprit a popu- us any- other ur gen- for un- his ten- low for the thrive own making ers who thriv- vildered recogni- iployers com- good these more ployers ommon that grind- axes, expect here them stand- men earn- most man stabi- least espec- epres- any other worker show his does not ask him whether black white, catholic, jew protestant. just calls sit down strike which the sitting down done home in- stead the factory. the heads our big labor unions could demonstrate wage earners that unionism could help keep busi- ness good, think they would do- ing the most effective membership recruiting job that could possibly done and the results might amaze them. They might even find easier, then, get employer recognition. not suggest, however, that the worker take the initiative the attempt meet his employer common ground. Employers have management, the representative Management must take off its coat and take the initiative. capital, take the initiative, and make visible and evident labor the practical approach the common ground. Can done? Anything that right, that logical and that bene- ficial overwhelming majority right way. have not been doing that. have been going about the wrong way. have been running myth- cal Uncle Sam tell tales about the unfairness the other fellow and begging Government keep the other fellow from punching the nose. We, and use the term include capital and labor, have pur- sued our particular special interests the point that have unintelli- gently excluded the relation the other party’s interest our own wel- fare. Discard Two Words hope reach the common ground, the first thing throw away two words which mean nothing and yet which are doing more harm than all the rest the words that Mr. Webster put the dictionary. refer the words “cap- ital” and “labor,” denoting separate and distinct groups people. Our acceptance and use these words that sense has given the wedge driving demagogue the most ef- fective opening whereby ply his ugly trade. the sense denoting separate and distinct classes with opposed in- terests, the words are meaningless. Capital not people. Capital the aggregate savings, invested other- wise, every person this country. Money savings banks invested capital and there are more than million individual savings bank ac- counts the United States. When you consider that have less than million families this country and our insular possessions, you can see how silly attempt differenti- ate between capital and labor. The two are interchangeable. Take, personalized illustration, Senator George Berry, head the pressmen’s union. Does Senator work for living and receive pay check? so, you cannot say that excluded from the field labor, especially when also heads na- tional labor union. One might thereby justified twice classifying Sena- tor Berry the ranks labor. But the other hand, Senator Berry also twice, least, classifiable capitalist, for addition owning prosperous printing plant now also the marble business Numerically speaking, there are far more capitalists the so-called ranks labor than there are outside and, the figures were available. believe they would shown own the bulk America’s capital. approaching our common ground, after discarding these misnomers, shall use the words employers and employees more fitting and less misleading. What can the employer ap- proach employees the common ground and with the common purpose keeping business good? What Employers Can Let answer that pointing some things that employers might The words and labor’ should thrown into the ash can. have done but have not, least many them have not. First, employers, least many them, have not properly recognized labor. not mean recognized labor the sense union affiliations, but recognized labor customer who keeps business good. Figures from Government sources indicate that labor furnishes about per cent all our buying power. comes from the wages that they per cent customer worth cultivating. know progressive business houses that would turn hand- springs, metaphorically speaking, keep ten per cent customer satisfied, let alone per cent one. They would extend him credit even loan him money pull through some emergency they thought that this would enable him continue doing business ten per cent customer. It's Selling Job What selling job any good busi- ness man would consider advisable even ten per cent customer prospect! would invite him the club, take him out for golf weekend and his best every way promote spirit friendship. not suggesting that em- ployer should invite all the help out his house for Sunday dinner, al- though some very important and very busy captains industry find profit- able break bread occasionally with their fellow workers. What the per cent customer wants more than invitation dinner the assurance enough income from wages with which buy such things for himself. Employers, most them, for there THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938—25 ~ - i Z 4 AF rere 4 vats sige: | ey are exceptions both ways, are just be- ginning realize that they have selling job labor. The most effective selling job that any industrial relations program could contain would based, believe, evidence that employers, class, are making intelligent attempt help solve some the pressing economic problems which now confront their best cus- tomer. hope that some the ten million dollars Mr. Sloan’s foundation may employed this direction. Why shouldn’t try solve our own problems instead leaving for Uncle Sam attempt his clumsy and bungling way? What have employers, class, done, for example, point the practical solution the unemploy- ment problem? What have they done, class, help throw some light upon the prob- lem temporary technological dis- placement What have they done formulate even rough approach beneficial wage and price policy terms efficiency gains and cost reductions? beneficial, mean such division be- tween workers, consumers pro- prietors best calculated finance con- sumption What Labor Can much for some the things that the employers America could for the good their best customer and thus for the good themselves and their businesses. But there are two sides this story. How about the things that employees could for the good their employers and also for their own? speaking particularly or- ganized labor, which articulate and influential. What has labor done help em- ployers keep business good? Take the case the corporate sur- plus tax act, which blamed em- ployers for being one the primary causes the present depression. that so, labor should vitally in- terested helping have this act repealed. Yet have heard nothing from Mr. Green Mr. Lewis either side this much discussed question. What has organized labor done help abolish the iniquitous inventory tax which prevails some our 26—THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938 You ALMOST Wage earners buy per cent all America’s products. states and which automatically dis- courages employers from building in- ventory carry labor such times these? What has organized labor done help reduce costs through encouraging efficiency gains that goods can sold lower prices, yet the neces- sary profit, and thus better and employment greater en- larging markets? What organized labor, particular- the CIO your industry, doing demonstrate that the ad- vantage the employer, least not his disadvantage, sign agreement for collective bargaining, and that such agreement will faithfully observed? Work for Both Certainly seems that the shoe not merely one foot the matter trying keep business good for the good both parties. There are other subjects, too, which might profitably studied both employers and employees, either sepa- rately together for their mutual benefit. Take, for example, the matter the regulation the number hours the working week. From what has been going on, think that both employers and em- ployees have shown very little enthusi- asm for putting this matter the hands our politicians, statesmen, you prefer call them that. be- lieve that this reluctance founded upon instinctive recognition truth which has yet never been con- cretely expressed. That truth this: You cannot leisure. But you can eat increased weekly real wages. Leisure Versus Money Since 1899, according compiled the National Industrial Conference Board and the United States Bureau Labor, American in- dustry, represented major manufacturing industries, has reduced the length the working week from hours. And now there some agitation make 30-hr. week mandatory. You cannot eat increased Nor can you build purchasing power with it. You can spend increased leisure for various purposes but you cannot buy shoes, food material things with it. You cannot, other words, build America’s consuming power through increasing leisure. That another way saying that you can- not build consuming power short- ening hours. You can, certainly, the other hand, increase American consuming power you increase the sum total America’s real wages. Employees are justified their claim the right share wealth gains, due increased efficiency, with their em- ployers. There are two ways and only two ways which labor can share such efficiency gains. One way through increased real wages; through fatten- ing the weekly pay envelope. The other way through shortening the length the working week. For example, worker, because his increase efficiency, has had his working week reduced from hr. without any reduction weekly income dollars, has been given reward per cent, paid in- creased leisure. The laborer rewarded can spend that per cent reward the form leisure, but cannot buy even postage stamp with it. does not help his consuming power. the other hand, his hours had remained the same, and had been cent real wages, think what that would have done his purchasing power. And multiply that tens The question that putting be- fore you this: Would not have ZZ a 4 5 eat veekly tistics istrial Jnited in- major duced from ion annot hings can- other total ustry the em- two such ough The the eekly riven pend form not had been per that far better off today had paid proportion labor’s reward the form increased leisure and greater proportion the form increased real weekly wages which mean actual purchasing power? What Per Cent Would the last decade so, have shortened working hours approximate- per cent. addition this, course, have also increased real wages, per week, per wage earner. suppose that instead shortening hours, had added another per cent real wages? you believe that would facing different situation than face today? Twenty-five per cent more purchas- are beginning realize that can’t eat leisure. ing power, had today, would pretty nearly solve our economic prob- lems, including the one unemploy- ment. Why, ask, instead making political fetish the subject work- ing hours per week more correctly political football kicked back and forth politicians, should not emplovers and employees get together study the relationship between leisure rewards, money rewards and consuming Another subject that employers and employees could profitably join study the subject Government overhead. And particularly the alarm- ing rate growth this overhead. Economists, not only our coun- try but others, have repeatedly stated that when Government over- head rises the point absorbing more than per cent the national income through taxation, the danger point has been reached and that na- tion danger national bank- You are doubt aware that Federal, State and local Government costs the United States are now estimated equal per cent our national income. course the tax rate will less than that be- cause Government prefers going into debt rather than breaking the bad news way the tax col- lector. Whether the fear the economists well founded not, not pre- pared say. can say, however, that increasing Government overhead burden both the employer and the worker and therefore subject for common study common ground. Santa Claus What needs done must for ourselves. There Santa Claus. Government cannot solve the prob- lem unemployment passing laws, though may temper the wind the shorn sheep passing the hat. Gov- ernment has been doing its utmost, for six years, legislate unemployment out existence, yet the number unemployed now greater than ever. Government cannot legislate into more abundant life, nor increase our total consuming power. can and has taken away from the top the pile with intent make broader re- distribution the bottom. But the process doing, for every shovel- ful that takes from the top, with intent, unwittingly forces out truckload from the bottom. There are politics this view- point. neither Democratic, Re- publican, New Deal nor Old Deal doc- trine. Many members the present Administration, fact, now realize that these tremendous problems business and industry, vital the welfare all us, must solved through our common cooperation and action; and not legislative legerde- main. “If hang together, shall all hang separately.” Never was that more true than today. em- ployers and employees cannot now get together solve the problem keep- ing business good, eradicating un- employment, increasing purchasing and consuming power, writing sound and fundamental platform for American enterprise, which depends all and upon which all depend, shall indeed out luck. big job? Yes, big enough and hard enough challenge the interest the keenest minds and the stoutest hearts that have management and labor. And job well worth doing, necessary the welfare all us. The Job Must Done Can it? must it. Gov- ernment cannot for us. And even the Lord said prefer help those who help themselves. Out meeting common ground, properly motivated employ- ers and employees who are big enough throw aside their non-essential dif- ferences, can visualize the emergence declaration fundamental prin- ciples that might well play im- portant part the future Amer- ica the Declaration Independence has played our past. But this would Even should this meeting com- mon ground accomplish more than the recognition and acceptance the common interest keeping business good, would have accomplished much. For the refusal recognize this plain and evident common inter- est, the past, has been the chief stumbling block the path our economic progress toward wellbeing. launch this embryonic thought to- night before this audience. You rep- resent industry unhampered tradition, industry whose motto “It can done.” You have led this country out depressions before. You have proved that dreams may turned into realities. May venture the hope that there any merit these crudely expressed thoughts that you will hold them against the polish- ing wheel your keen intellect and common sense, that they may be- come merchandisable product? Remember, “If don’t hang to- gether, shall all hang separately.” Let’s sign new Declaration Interdependence. THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938—27 ; LEISURE ep? ~ ¢ be- have Devel OME the recent designs clude line presses with new slide feature, single-ac- tion press with hydro-pneumatic cushion double action work, high speed hydraulic press, two welded-steel bending ° NEW line inclinable power presses has been announced the Thomas Machine Mfg. Co., Pittsburgh, the principal design fea- ture which three-point support for the slide. The slide alloy iron moves vertically double 45-deg. gibs hardened steel and addition there hardened steel key doweled and bolted the slide and engaging slot heavy cross member cast in- tegral with the alloy iron frame. Oil reservoirs and oil channels are pro- vided lubricate all three guide points. The press comes seven sizes, ranging from tons rated ca- pacity and with bolster plates from short strokes range from in. with eccentric shaft from in. with crankshaft. Presses are furnished with flywheel geared, with the motor pinion direct- engaging the flywheel. Flat belt motor drive also available. For general utility purposes single-action press with semi-built- drawing cushion double-action work has been brought out the Toledo Machine Tool Co., Toledo, Ohio, division the Bliss Co. This new design the com- pany’s No. 57-A Toledo press, and fitted with semi-built-in heavy duty Marquette hydro-pneumatic die cush- ion. its high range the cushion said give about double the normal blankholding pressure, adapting the unit shape-stretching jobs requiring very high gripping pressure around the edge the blank. such work 28—THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938 opments Presses presses, portable hydraulic unit for servicing heavy machin- ery, seven stage horizontal drawing press, turret head punches and nibblers, squaring shears, stock feeders and un- winding reel unique design, together with press accessories. ° gripping pressures equal exceed- ing the drawing pressure. With the cushion possible draw shell 434 in. high. single-end drive unit with gear ratio strokes per min. The 10-hp. high-slip motor drives the flywheel means V-belts. Electric push buttons con- trol the friction clutch. All main bearings are bronze bushed and are lubricated means the manifold type one-shot system. Some the more important dimensions are follows: Stroke in., adjustable for in.; shut-height addition being supported each side double gibs, the slide this new line Thomas inclinable presses has key the rear engaging slot cast integral with the frame. bed slide in.; bed area in. The slide counterbalanced weight the gear wheel. The same company has also im- proved its No. open back press fixed legs. Both the driveshaft and flywheel are mounted Timken bear- ings, while the crankshaft bushed. The slide air counterbal- anced, and the multiple-disk friction clutch the fast acting pneumatic type. This press has single roll feed with power driven Feed adjustable in. inere- ments and the height the rolls adjustable suit the height dies. Other features include electrical push button control with two palm safety anism. Electrical protective switches can incorporated the dies the feed, hooked with the stop but- ton further precaution. Hydraulic Press Developments The Hydro-Dynamic Press Division the Bliss Co., Toledo, has developed new 1000-ton press with ciples. Side frames are keyed the crown and bed that the housings, rather than the tie rods, take any tor- sional strain. The deep slide guided long, adjustable gibs standard design. Full electric control provided, and three speeds forward and high speed return are available. Change from one speed another automatically controlled the pressure increases. choice operation under over 250 tons can made simply turning selector swtch. Pressure adjustable from below tons 1000 tons. Push buttons are provided for emer- gency stopping any position, and once stopped, the press may started either direction. Inching may accomplished push buttons and the same protection against P q ; 4 ‘ bya im- press and bear- con- bronze terbal- riction feed driven incre- olls dies. push safety mech- but- nts has with prin- the tor- d, and speed from tically 250 emer- and e Te uttons over- etal Mac pressure and over-travel available for continuous operation. hydraulic cushion provided the bed for blank-holding purposes. Return the cushion during the re- turn stroke may delayed allow the main slide clear the work. prefill valve used fill the main cylinder from the tank during the positive quick closing the press, insuring free flow protecting the press against cavitation when pressure applied. air filter, oil filter and oil cooler are furnished with the press. The press designed operate about cycles per min. The shut inery Apace FRANK OLIVER Associate Editor, The lron Age height in. and the maximum length stroke in. The bed area in. and the area the slide face in. The in. diame- ter cushion pad the bed has stroke and pressure capacity 100 tons. The Oilgear Co. Milwaukee has designed 200-ton gooseneck hydrau- lic press for straightening front axle I-beams trucks and buses. Fluid LEFT FEATURE this single crank, dou- ble-action toggle press made the Cleveland Punch Shear Works Co. controlled, hydraulically operated friction clutch, mounted between the uprights conserve floor space. Specifica- tions: strokes per min.; in. stroke; 26x28 in. bed area. RIGHT slide this 75- ton Zeh Hahne- mann straight side press balanced two air cylinders. Other features are: forced feed lubri- cation, Norma-Hoffman roller bearings dividual motor drive, giving strokes per min. Stroke in. and bed area in. power supplied two-way vari- able delivery pump capable devel- oping pressures 2500 per sq. in. The sensitive Servo-motor con- trol actuated either hand lever foot pedal, giving ram movement speed proportionate the amount movement the control. maxi- mum down speed in. per min. and return speed in. are available. The direct-connected motor 15-hp., but the power required for operation always proportionate the resis- tance met. Press frame and motor mounting Plates in. thickness are used — THE IRON AGE, January 27, LEFT HROUGH the use semi-built-in pneumatic die cush- ion, this redesigned Toledo No. sin- gle-action press can double action work, such shell drawing. RIGHT Toledo open- back press has air counterbalanced slide and adjust- able feed and straightener mount- the bolster. 30—THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938 LEFT APID advance 1100 in. per min., intermediate speed in., and speed in. per min. for loads over 250 tons cover the operation range this Bliss press. the main frame, which quired over 1100 welding rod its fabrica- tion. Tests indicated max- imam deflection 0.025 in. full tonnage the cen- terline the ram. The ram itself fitted with molded packing and guided yoke liner and long bronze bushing. The cylinder flange connected the top the press. 75-ton hydraulic press for straightening operations airplane propellers and similar work requiring accurate straightening has been developed Hannifin Mfg. Co., 621 South Kol- mar Avenue, Chicago. the exception table and cylinder, this press built welded plates and shapes. lever controls the operation the ram with sensitive proportional control action. When the control lever moved either direc- tion, the ram will move proportional distance and then stop, and simultane- ously the operating valve shifts neutral. When neutral, the pump idles zero pressure. The hydraulic power unit, with con- stant-delivery type rotary pump, built into the base the press. The ram stroke in. Speeds: power stroke in. per min.—return stroke in. per min. Dimensions: table ram (up) in., center ram face frame in., length table in. The Bucyrus-Erie Co., South Mil- waukee, Wis., offering new port- able hydraulic press which can used puller, press jack. The “Beco” press designed expressly for use heavy machinery press large gears shafts, pull bevel pinions drum gears and the like, and for track 7 t 4 ° ° : rate Kol- the this and the sitive the tional pump troke face in. Mil- port- used mechanism. special frame avail- able for track repair work. addi- tion, the compact cylinder ram can set any position and used jack 150-ton capacity. The portable press includes frame for press work (weight 310 four-speed pump (75 press cylin- der (75 four alloy steel frame rods, back plate and high pressure hose and valve connections. Special equipment also furnished, including sprocket lugs, frame extension rods and angle iron stand for the frame. Multiple Drawing Press take advantage the fact that most metals will withstand more draw- ing without annealing when worked continuously than when the drawing these hy- ening presses are welded steel con- struction and have tional control action through single lever. The Oilgear press, left, for truck front axles, rated 200 tons, while the Han- nifin press the right, for straighten- ing pellers, rated tons. operations are interrupted, station press has been built the Waterbury Farrel Foundry Ma- chine Co., Waterbury, blanking and cupping operations are necessarily performed separate press. The cups are then annealed and redrawn (if necessary) and final- fed the horizontal press where they are completed without interrup- tion. oscillating bar type transfer device, equipped with series spring fingers, carries the shells ABOVE view seven-station Waterbury-Farrel horizontal drawing press for producing deep shells continuous basis without intermediate annealing. The chute for scrap clippings. ° ° ° LEFT 150-ton portable hydraulic press can used press pull off gears heavy machinery, and the cylinder alone can used jack. THE IRON AGE, January 27, LEFT Type R-7 Wiedemann turret throat and from stations, with capacity punch hole steel. BELOW Waterbury- Farrel endless belt sling faced with maple slats enables coils in. wide unwound for roll feed press without marring the finish varying the surface feed. successively from station station, each which provided with suit- able spring knockout. After the last draw, the shells may clipped and pushed through the last die. The gen- presses practically any capacity and number stations. Automatic means may used transfer the cups from the cupping redrawing press the horizontal press, arrangement de- sirable. however, only when single product being made. The press illustrated can nished with strokes from in. long. The feed chute will accommo- date shells in. diameter. Typ- ical operation brass shell in. deep shell 11/16 in. diameter 32—THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938 and in. long the rate per min, Turret Head Punch The Machine Co., 1815 Sedgely Avenue, Philadelphia, has ex- tended the range its turret punches the Type R-7, ma- chine with 54-in. throat and from in., but this can varied can also the clearance between dies and strip- pers, ordinarily set in. The ma- chine will punch 4-in. diameter hole mild steel, with sheared punches, in. diameter. mo- tor drives the crankshaft strokes per min., while motor drives the turret rev. per min. Hand- tional. Ram and punch holders treated chrome-vanadium steel and punches and dies high-carbon tool steel. Upper and lower turrets are geared together and locked tion. index pins are the rear lever. Frame the machine single semi-steel casting. The ma- chine can furnished either plain BELOW RIANGULAR section crosshead, enclosed drive mounted anti- friction bearings, and en- gagement sleeve clutch with built-in single stroke mechanism are features the new line Series power squaring shears built ft. lengths for shearing 3/16 in. steel and and ft. lengths for No. gage. Niagara Machine Tool Works, Buffalo, the maker. tel 1 large size Littell power driven reel, seven- roll straightener and double rack and pin- ion roll feed was de- signed handle hard aluminum coil strip stock, in. wide. with roller plate table with gradu- ated gage bar and end stop. double rack-and-pinion roll feed, power driven seven-roll straightener, scrap cutter and power driven auto- matic centering reel were recently sup- plied combination the Lit- tell Machine Co., Chicago, for feeding hard aluminum coil stock thick strip, both in. wide. The feed rolls are all mounted ad- justable brackets feed in. stock time. automatic re- lease brake makes possible rate 100 ft. per min. each stroke the press, the feed rolls are automatically lifted enable pilots adjust the stock the re- quired The No. power driven centering reel arranged that will wind off loop from which the feed will pull rather than directly from the coil. When loop wound off, pushes ping the heavy stock reel being offered unwind coils metal having maximum weight 8000 Ib. and de- liver the strip automatically and the desired speed roll feed press. This machine, which also suitable for use with slitters and other auto- matic fabricating machines, product the Waterbury Farrel Foundry Machine Co., Waterbury, Conn., and capable unwinding thin gage metal well heavy, and metal having bright finish which must handled without marring The carrier consists four sprocket driven roller chains which maple slats, reinforced steel, are attached form cradle sling for support- and unwinding the coil. This car- Speed unit commercial design suitable guide employed keep the metal straight passes be- tween pair driven rolls. These rolls deliver the stock speed slightly greater than the feed the press. The metal passes under feeder roll, which extended from the reel proper, and thence the press feed. The position the extending feeder roll arm, down, operates mer- cury switch start stop the motor. Whenever there sufficient slack permit the arm drop down, the mo- tor switched off. The manufacturers point out that the intermittent feeding tension, usu- ally produced the drag heavy unwinding coil, and the jerk caused the taking up.of occasional slack, are both eliminated the use unwinding reel; furthermore, that the varying weight the coil ginning end will not cause the feed- ing tension vary. The Service Ma- chine Co.,754 Broad- way, Elizabeth, manufacturing line utility sheet metal workers’ equip- ment, intended standard stock for immediate The first SEMCO utility line center-notching die designed pro- vide quick-set tool for piercing rectan- gular openings, slots and notches. utility center notching die has number adjust- able features for square notching and blanking. The Model mounting intended primarily for notching the sides and ends sheets. The Model il- lustrated, provides ance between the guide posts, for greater distance from the punch back. Removable guide posts can Either plain adjustable side gage arm full adjustable front gage table can furnished. Ruled scales give the setting either direction. direct-reading back gage also pro- vided for use where the ends long strips are notched. Simple rubber-cushion strippers are used where complete holes are pierced. Punches and die plates are readily interchangeable and are self- locating. Standard sizes are in. front back and either 1%, Pai in. width. THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938—33 HIS the concluding installment Mr. Bingham's review developments the plant equipment field during 1937, which appeared our Annual Review issue Jan. it, the author deals with the trend toward higher pressure turbines, the industrial use diesels, the modern application pumps, unit heaters and miscellaneous equipment. Turbines toward that group designed for higher temperatures and pres- sures. Operation pressures above 650 per sq. in. are fairly common and will more so, while the larger machines are tending toward speed 3600 r.p.m. instead 1800. These high operating temperatures have in- creased the demand for special steels, especially the heat resistant types, such carbon molybdenum. High tensile strength and low must characteristics present high temperatures. Modernization existing installa- tions has become growing practice, because the increase loads and necessity for higher operating effici- ency. Some operators have contented themselves with merely repairing and replacing worn parts, while other instances, 25-cycle units have been re- built for 60-cycle operation. Improve- ment superposing, however, makes possible 100 per cent increase plant capacity without necessitating new plant construction. report from leading manufac- turer power generating units indi- cates that the past year the indus- trial turbine generating. units have reflected effort meet all heat supplying process steam, which has resulted wide use non-condensing turbines for exhaust pressures 200 Ib. and bleeder turbines both condens- ing and non-condensing types. Several small bleeder turbines, 1500 kw. and 2000 kw. size, are under construction for bleeding pressure 150 175- lb. gage. Demands the heat bal- ance have dictated the initial pres- 34—THE IRON AGE, January 27, 1938 sures and temperatures industrial turbines. particular company during the past two years has built industrial turbines for pressures high 825 Ib. Expansion generating facilities was not uncommon among industrial plants during the year, the 110,000 kw. turbo-generators installed Ford being the largest use, with several 25,000 kw. steel mill units ranking second importance. Increased use mercury arc recti- fiers was reported, the first large grid- controlled rectifier the history PLANT the steel industry being installed the South Chicago plant Republic Steel Corp. supply direct current wire drawing stands, cranes, lifting magnets, Conversion 2300 volt, 3-phase, 60-cycle a.c. power 250 volt d.c. accomplished this important industrial expansion which illustrates the trend large companies toward power plants central station proportions the new plant the South Chicago works Steel Corp. Main equipment this plant will consist 750-deg. boilers, 25,000 kw. turbo- generator, three 75,000 turbo- blowers, and two hr. in- dustrial evaporators. Facilities have been provided for 50,000-kw. gener- ator. This plant will allow more scale for weighing motion ore, coal, stone, etc. cient blast prima have will of di diesel the Powe 365 only year. bore nume rotati vey. ° | EQUIPMENT cient utilization by-product fuel, primary fuel after other plant needs have been filled. Natural gas and oil will used secondary fuels. Diesels discussion plant equipment would complete without mention diesel power, the