The Iron Age 1936-06-25: Vol 137 Iss 26

4 The beautiful George Westinghouse Bridge, overlooking Westinghouse head- quarters East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, tribute from Nation, State and County the founder the Company which this year honors his name with 50th Anniversary Golden its practical function promoting the faster, safer flow traffic over the Lincoln Highway, this bridge symbolic the Company’s service American industry. Wherever electrical applications can speed industry’s industry’s elec- trical problems must spanned vision and experience—the fifty-year record the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing born this record. 99349 f 1936 i: j ae, half the years since “Westinghouse” was organized, that company has been one our best customers Resistance Wire and Ribbon, for heating-element material. This fact symbolic the position held Chromel PHOTO HEATH STUDIOS ~ data, ask for HOSKINS MANUFACTURING COMPANY...DETROIT, MICHIGAN 2—THE IRON AGE, June 25, 1936 THE THE IRON AGE, published every Thursday the CHILTON CO., Chestnut Philadelphia, second class matte! November 1932, the Post Office Philadelphia under Act March 1879. $6.00 year Canada $8.50, Foreign $12.00. Vol. 137, _ Better for springs many kinds ETHANIZED wire now being used for springs many kinds. Tightly adherent, heavy-weight bethanized coatings stand the punishment that unavoidable the coiling high carbon spring wire, without flaking scaling. This new kind zinc-coated wire meeting service and manufacturing requirements for springs every type used beds—for box spring coils, inner-spring units, spring mattress fabrics, and the small elliptical springs used flat spring constructions. Hospital beds with springs bethanized wire through steam sterilization without rusting. Tickings and mattresses camp beds beds exposed dampness sleeping porches don’t get soiled with rust spots when all springs Wiregraph Alexander Calder, made Bethanized Wire are bethanized wire. And it’s equally advantageous for furniture arid cushion springs, springs for bicycle seats and many other applications. Because its silvery, lustrous appearance bethanized wire increases sales appeal. The bethanized coating tight and ductile that coating weights can utilized that are two and three times heavier than the heaviest hot-dip galvanizing, without flaking off coiling knotting—or from the repeated flexing the springs service. Bethanized wire not only better serving every use which galvanized wire has heretofore been applied, but opening the way for new uses galvanized wire. BETHLEHEM STEEL COMPANY, General Bethlehem, Pa. District Offices: Albany, Baltimore, Boston, Bridgeport, Buffalo, Chicago, Cincinnati, Cleve- land, Dallas, Detroit, Hartford, Honolulu, Houston, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Milwaukee, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland, Ore., Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Francisco, St. Louis, St. Paul, Seattle, Syracuse, Washington, Wilkes-Barre, York. Export Distributor: Bethlehem Steel Export Corp., New York. % ‘ THE IRON AGE, June 25, 1936—3 137, No. 26 thi ¢ Made several cruel drives and packing years’ work into RTURE MACHI BELTING from hours, makes sure the profits YOU can get from Research Belting. Research higher coefficient friction, greater flexibility and strength, and less permanent stretch (results Home Research Lab- oratory work) produce profits for you from the Bonus Zone. GRATON KNIGHT our Home Research Cham- there are machines which put test every quality belting which trans- mission depends. Cruelly, ceaselessly, they tear, pound, lash, whip testing Research Belting against the best that competition provides against the belting made last experimental belts against each other. these machines, the odds are always even, but the same belting always wins. For our engineers constantly develop- ing new materials and methods for select- ing, tanning, currying and finishing keep Research ahead the field! your machines, this same belting will create Bonus Zone between the pulleys. Because delivers full power, increases average machine speed and makes pos- sible the production extra units with- out extra production cost. air products company earns 2/3¢ extra profit per unit. Another manufacturer gets 244% more production. drilling operation was cut from minutes. Look THOMAS’ REGISTER Western Union for 1-24 delivery any point. HOME RESEARCH that POWER TRANSMISSION shall better WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS OTHER PRODUCTS—BELT CEMENTS AND DRESSINGS—LEATHER PACKINGS—LACE LEATHER—CUT LACE—HAND LEATHERS—WHOLE LEATHER AND SCRAP LEATHER 4—THE IRON AGE, June 25, 1936 motor Pane - SS ; | 5 Newton (Consolidated) Planer Type Machine for milling tractor parts has Vickers Combina- Pump and Valve, Feed Con- Panel and Pilot Valve. Hill Hydraulic Vertical Grinder han- dling work 22” wide 216” long, has Vickers V-Type Pump, Feed Control, Pilot Valves and Reversing Valve. 1S HYDRAULIC EQUIPMENT are few the infinite variety with flanged connections and forged steel pipe applications Vickers Hydraulic (Oil) langes for heavy duty service. Smooth feeds are assured Feeds and Controls heavy machinery all kinds. large heavy machines regardless variations Vickers single-stage and two-stage vane-type pumps resistance and hydraulic pressure. Feed rates are will supply pressures 1000 and 2000 lbs. per varied simply moving dial. respectively for continuous duty. Standard valves, any feeds and sequence motions can now panels, are available for handling the high pressures various arrangements standard Vickers and large volumes necessary transmit the power pumps, valves, etc. Write for data regarding applications quired for this class service. valvesare pro- that interest you. VICKE Incorporated 1400 OAKMAN BLVD. DETROIT, MICH. MORE SIMPLE, EFFICIENT AND ECONOMICAL HYDRAULIC FEEDS AND CONTROLS Colonial Hydraulic Spiral Broaching Ma- chine having tons capacity and 60” stroke equipped with Vickers Pumps and Controls. Machine controlled from one pilot valve. Vickers Hydraulic Equipment. £ 5 iy hd Spring making From wire coiler shipping room. Simple enough isn’t it? Most anyone should able make springs it’s “‘a-b-c” stuff. like make But it’s the spring making that make spring perform. material, design, temper, accuracy. And you can’t find the answer these quantities Barnes without equal mixture metallurgical and engineering knowledge plus Quote plain experience. signs point increased demands for performance. Springs are needed specially made for particular jobs. good springmaker can friend indeed. IRON AGE, June 25, 1936 THE WALLACE BARNES CO, Bristol SPRINGMAKERS FOR MORE THAN THREE QUARTERS CENTURY plus mance. rmaker there one reason which, above all others, makes good business standard- ize YOUNGSTOWN Wire the uniformity with which you will get the wire you specify. you tell YOUNGSTOWN that shipment wire exactly meeting your needs, you can into production without worrying. The next shipment and every later one will accurately match up. THE YOUNGSTOWN SHEET AND TUBE COMPANY Manufacturers Carbon and Alloy Steels General Offices YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO Tubular Sheets; Plates; Tin Bars; Rods; Wire; Conduit; Tie Plates and Spikes. ECORSE, ENAMELING SHEETS TEEL, once but hard working Cinderella among metals, now fashioned into many products glowing beauty. Graceful form and lovely color have been added man’s most useful metal. the case sanitary fixtures and house- hold equipment, stamped and drawn rolled metal permits latitude styling for beauty which impossible with other materials. And weight radically reduced. Great Lakes Steel Corporation, with extensive experience this field, knows the requirements manufacturers, and meets them generous measure. Michigan Metal for vitreous enameling. Cold rolled sheets for lacquering. GREAT LAKES STEEL CORPORATION, Division National Steel Corporation LAKES 8—THE IRON AGE, June 25, 1936 | | ‘ | 4 UNIT oF NATIONAL STEEL; Says This Electrician “And Once They’re In, You Can Forget About FULL PROTECTION ALL THE WAY WITH G-E MAGNETIC SWITCHES STARTING CURRENT agnetic DON’T have lot monkeyin’ around install G-E magnetic says this electrician. designed them must have known what electricians are Well, this man should know—wiring switches part his business. Certainly try build our magnetic switches make installation simple possible. For instance, the cases are roomy enough allow remove the switch from its case, has only take out three screws. The terminals, likewise, are located convenient position, there are plenty knockouts, and you can lift the arc chutes out with your fingers. But our magnetic switches will give you lot unique benefits after in- ing. stallation, too. matter fact, they are the only devices their type that will give you full overload-relay protection. This means that not only are your motors protected against harmful overloads, but also that the motors can continue operation when the overload harmless and magnetic switches. Please send short duration. It’s simple relay, but will follow closely the heating Bulletin characteristics your motor, and will eliminate unnecessary and save the time your operators. General Electric, Schenectady, GENERAL ELECTRIC General Electric Company That electrician right—G-E magnetic switches are cinch tion "Soe RUNNING 4 Bz a Laake — et Consider the following facts. believe them the most impressive found the bearing industry. MORE NEW BANTAM INSTALLATIONS LISTED DURING 1935 THAN ALL OTHERS 800% INCREASE DEMAND FOR BANTAM BEARINGS SINCE 1932. PLANT CAPACITY INCREASED 60% LAST YEAR. ANOTHER ADDITION EQUAL SIZE NOW BEING BUILT. The demands steel men who want better bearings are making possible this wonderful record. are glad you recognize Bantam superiority. With our new plant and equipment shall endeavor make them even better. *Iron and Steel Engineer Sept., 1935, Report. Reprints will sent without cost. THE BANTAM BALL BEARING CO. SUBSIDIARY THE TORRINGTON CO. SOUTH BEND, INDIANA CHICAGO CLEVELAND DETROIT NEW YORK NEW ORLEANS PHILADELPHIA PITTSBURGH MILWAUKEE ROCHESTER, N.Y. SEATTLE TOLEDO WASHINGTON, D.C. HARTFORD INDIANAPOLIS DOMINION ENGINEERING WORKS, LIMITED, MONTREAL TAKE YOUR TOUGHEST BEARING JOB 10—THE IRON AGE, June 25, 1936 Ss f q 4 b > | | | B B B WITH UNION COLD DRAWN STEELS THAT ARE UNION COLD DRAWN Efficiency inherent quality Union Cold Drawn Bars because their special characteristics and also because their striking uniformity throughout duplicate lots. run after run steel through manufacturing operations they are found true and uniform required size, cross section, finish, straightness and physical properties. This accomplished with Union Drawn’s highly perfected processes controlled experienced judgment production and frequent use tests and inspections. Mass production demands constant flow uniform materials. The qualities incoming shipments must dovetail with those previous deliveries that shop practice proceeds without distinguishing one lot from another. The same steel and the same methods produce the same results and only this combination can maintain efficiency, once achieved. Union Cold Drawn Steels have put many manufacturers efficient production basis and kept them there. These steels rank first choice among those buyers who insist the last penny cost reduction. UNION DRAWN STEEL MASSILLON, OHIO SUBSIDIARY OF REPUBLIC) CEPUBLIC STEEL COSTORITION { ane’ | : 4 i= & = Radical improvements the machinability Union Cold Finished Alloy Steels have lowered the cost machined parts made from the alloys. Modern metallurgy has developed wider under- standing the relation microstructure steel its cutting qualities. Closely controlled annealing cycles supplemented microscopic checks, and careful selec- tion proper cold working methods, enable make fullest use this broader knowledge develop machin- ability high degree. Once the requirements fabrication are known, each lot alloy steel can processed meet your needs for faster production. Manufacturers who use alloy steel bars are invited consult with Union Drawn Metallurgists matters relating either machinability selection the most efficient steel grade for their requirements. UNION DRAWN STEEL MASSILLON, OHIO SUBSIDIARY OF REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION 2 “dl / 4 | The job goes together and it's clean job con- forming precisely design with ARMCO ALL THE STRENGTH YOU NEED Plus Easy Fabrication that’s ARMCO H.T. Whatever you build with high-tensile sheet steel truck tanks, passenger buses, railroad cars what- have-you you can build stronger, safer and, many cases, lighter, with H.T.50. Here practical steel for practical design engineers and fabricators. Practical, because gives you all the strength ever need with easy working and weld- ing qualities. gives you, fact, yield point between 47,000 and 52,000 per sq. inch, depending the grade, hot-rolled cold-rolled. Shop men like the way ARMCO shears, bends, forms, flanges and welds. makes neat job and job low cost. the brake bending, flanging, die- stamping and welding, ARMCO surprisingly workable metal. Try and see. longer necessary labor over steel that’s high useless tensile strength that almost impossible work with ordinary shop equipment. H.T.50 solves this problem handily. sum up, offers you practical design values, strength and ductility, high impact re- sistance, greater endurance limit, and sound, tough welds. And there’s a.right grade and finish sheets, strip and plate for your specific application. Just tell what this application and provide helpful information. The American Rolling Mill Company, Executive Offices, 703 Curtis St., Middletown, Ohio. This operator likes weld ARMCO says flows nicely, fuses solidly and never features is, special electrode needed. THE IRON AGE, June 25, 1936—13 A Li 4 | } 2 q can | the problem effort obtain plates that would improve and eliminate difficulty the boiler shop prominent eastern railroad bought nickel steel plate from Bethlehem replace ruptured boiler course. After the installation this plate the railroad’s master boilermaker said, Bethlehem Plate the best I’ve ever seen. worked fine. had trouble handling it.” Since this initial application the railroad has placed orders with Bethlehem for boiler plates for seven more locomo- tives the same type. BETHLEHEM STEEL COM IRON AGE, June 25, 1936 The record this nickel steel plate typical results obtained when Bethlehem makes plates, whether special plates for special purposes ordi- nary carbon steel plates for everyday applications. Unsurpassed facilities and broad experience com- bine make Bethlehem highly satisfactory source for plates for every industrial requirement. BETHLEHEM STEEL COMPANY, General Bethlehem, Pa. District Offices: Albany, Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Bridgeport, Buffalo, Chicago, Cincinnati, Cleve- land, Dallas, Detroit, Hartford, Honolulu, Houston, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Milwaukee, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland, Ore., Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Francisco, St. Louis, St. Paul, Seattle, Syracuse, Washington, Wilkes-Barre, York. Export Distributor: Bethlehem Steel Export Corporation, NewYork. “ } > ‘ | | | 5 | tory ent. Offices: Cleve- ty, Los Lake ington, a most exacting basis for judging wire rope perform- ance AVERAGE SERVICE. This the basis advocated Roebling, which rope cost per ton material handled, per other unit service measurement, based not the service single rope but the average service several ropes. John Roebling’s Sons Co., Trenton New Jersey & These accuracy-promoting features welcome your close examination THAT now are using Bristol’s Wide Strip Potentiometer Pyrometer are marveling the surprising accur- acy control obtainable—both under well normal conditions. You can readily see why this so. The long cm. galvanometer pointer magnifies the most minute deflections. The extra wide inch strip chart promotes still closer accuracy. the duplex slide wires—by insuring good contact and BRISTOL COMPANY smoothing out the slight inevitable variations circuit resistance. The integral mounting slide wire con- tact and recording pen abolishes backlash—and its corresponding error precision measurement. There are nearly hundred other features you will want know about. Write for Catalog 1450-A. Or, you prefer, test this new Bristol’s Potentiometer Recorder Controller yourself. Then compare! WATERBURY FEATURES GLANCE! Extra wide inch chart. Indicating scale, inches high, far vision design. Fully automatic—self-standardizing, self-balancing, self-compensating. Unit mounting recording pen and duplex slide wire Dust-proof housing for Duplex slide wires. Case moisture-proof, fume-proof and dust-proof, For wall panel mounting. Convenient control-index knob. Mercury glass control switches. 10. Grease-sealed ball bearings; self-lubri- cating CONNECTICUT Branch Offices: Akron, Birmingham, Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, St. Louis, Ganada: The Bristol Company Canada, Limited, Toronto, Ontario RISTOLS 16—THE IRON AGE, June 25, 1936 TRADE MARK REG. U.S. PAT. OFF. RECORDER England: Instrument Company, Limited, London, S.E. st | | & i b> é a | | | | | | j | SCO proud TRUST And industry large say the placed our organ- ization since its founding 1900, and This has been shown our past participation the building multitude steel structures varied types and again demonstrated Westinghouse calling upon fabricate and erect the steel framework for welded Warehouse and Office Build- ing Mansfield, Ohio, now under contract. (Above) Structural steel for the Westinghouse office build- ing and viaduct East Pitts- burgh, Pennsylvania, was fabricated and erected American Bridge Company. steel structure for this Westinghouse warehouse and service building Newark, New Jersey. General Offices, Frick Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. Baltimore Boston Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Denver Detroit Duluth Minneapolis New York Philadelphia St. Louis Columbia Steel Company, San Francisco, Pacific Coast Distributors United States Products Company, New York, Export Distributors (Above) This brass foundry building was fabricated and (Above) Welded con- American Bridge Company. the Westinghouse cen- fabricated Bridge Company. THE IRON AGE, June 25, 3 al 4 4a j a er. ind ng. T4 | —— Carbon, Chrome, Chrome Molybdenum, Chrome Nickel, Chrome Vanadium. Molybdenum, Nickel, Nickel Molybdenum, Vanadium Billets and Slabs. IRON AGE, June 25, 1936 | hey have Easy work, free from and hidden defects, ASCO THE ANDREWS STEEL CO., NEWPORT, KENTUCKY CHESTNUT AND S6TH STREETS, PHILADELPHIA, PA. Sales Offices 239 WEST 39TH STREET NEW YORK, Owned and Published CHILTON COMPANY (Incorporated) Executive and Publication Offices, Chestnut and 56th Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. MUSSELMAN, President FRITZ FRANK. Executive Vice-President FREDERIC C. STEVENS, Vice-President JOSEPH 8S. HILDRETH, GEORGE H. GRIFFITHS, Pa TERHUNE, ERNEST C. HASTINGS, WILLIAM A. BARBER, Treasurer JOHN BLAIR MOFFETT, Secretary FRITZ FRANK, President J. H. VAN DEVENTER Editor Managing Editor Editor Emeritus Machinery Editor Washington Chicago Cleveland Pittsburgh FRANK OLIVER GERARD FRAZAR McINTosH Detroit Boston Cincinnati Conten June 25, 1936 Fertile Years Accomplishment. THE FIRST FIFTY YEARS. The Age, the Golden Jubilee outstanding example American initiative and enterprise and great metal-working organization, West- inghouse Electric Manufacturing Company. Historical Background Mansfield Works Men the Top Cleveland Works The Plants Nuttall Works East Pittsburgh Works Sharon Works South Philadelphia Works Newark Works Plastics Micarta Works East Springfield and Chicopee Westinghouse Abroad New Equipment Automotive Industry Statistics Metal-Working Activity Rate Activity Capital Goods Washington News NEWS INDEX Products Advertised Index Advertisers Copyright 1936 Chilton Company (Inc.) BAUR, General Advertising Manager DIX, Manager Reader Service Member, Audit Bureau of Circulations ADVERTISING STAFF Member, Associated Business Papers Emerson Findley, 621 Union Bldg.. Cleveland Indexed the Industrial Arts Index. Herman, 675 Delaware Ave., Peirce Lewis. 7310 Woodward Ave.. Detroit Charles Lundberg, Chilton Bldg.. Chestnut & 56th Sts.. Philadelphia, Pa. $12.00 year. Single copy, cents: Ober, 239 39th St., New York Robinson, 428 Park Pittsburgh W. C. Sweetser, 239 West 39th St., New York Cable Address, Warren, Box 81, Hartford, Conn. tion Price: United States and Pos- sessions, Mexico, Cuba, $6.00; Can- ada, $8.50, including duty; Foreign this issue, 50 cents : ; ‘ 4 6 3 . 298 320 ) labs. es + Vacation Without Worry T’S time again, slip away and play bit—to drop all cares and forget business worries. are ready and anxious help you make the most it. The Ryerson Without Worry” plan eliminates all thought delayed, slow uncertain steel deliveries. The steel stock. And records covering almost century prove the accuracy and reliability Ryerson shipments. All that you need give the vacation order— Ryerson When Steel Emergency well regular requirements will taken care promptly. Have good time—and good luck you. Glacier Nation Park | | | Joseph Ryerson Son, Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Louis, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit, Boston, Buffalo, Philadelphia, Jersey City ie 20—THE IRON AGE, June 25, 1936 | ... THE IRON AGE ... JUNE 25, 1936 ESTABLISHED 1855 Vol. 136, No. Fertile Years Accomplishment one were ask the average American which our great industries has made the longest strides within the last half century, the answer would probably automotive May say, without the least depreciating the ac- complishments the motor car and aircraft makers, that this would wrong answer? all odds, the palm tor creative achievement broad and ex- panding front must awarded the electrical industry. The motor car makes its dramatic appeal because visible. The work electrical apparatus and electricity largely invisible. Yet universal. One can hardly find nook cranny industry, the home any public place where the hand electricity some its busy fingers are not diligently work. Yet, but years ago, electricity had not become servant. was then only academic wonder, plaything for scientists. Today, elec- tricity and its tools are perhaps the most universally applied task doers that have command. pleasing thought that our metal-working industry made the harnessing electricity possible. The great electrical equipment companies are members our metal-working fraternity. Their achieve- ments shed luster upon machinery and metals well upon the crea- tive power industrial initiative. the succeeding pages you will find word and picture ter one the famous metal-working companies that has con- tributed much the creation the great electrical industry, the Westinghouse Electric Manufacturing Co., now celebrating its Golden Jubilee. “a © eet » : j . a» » i ~ iw * — ; 5 a =<} 3 a 21 7 Portrait GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE. Drawn John Frew for The Iron Age. 3 My ‘ TYPICAL Westinghouse alternating current built 1886-87 and shown installed the Westmoreland Electric Co., Greensburg, Pa. The single phase generator smooth core covered with single layer wire, and produced 133 cycles 1000 volts. the book Genesis, the first great command was “Let there light.” fascinating thought that the great industry to- day owes its inception obedience this same age-old command. For back the early 1880’s, the pri- mary goal the electrical pioneers was the practicalizing “wired” light. Power transmission elec- trify our turning wheels indus- try was come later, and re- sult what “wired” light revealed. The stage was already set, those early days, for the drama electrification. Some the players, such the arc light, the incandes- cent lamp and direct current trans- mission, already rehearsed their lines, but the principal char- acter, without which the play could not succeed, had not made its appearance. was alternating current. the story the creation given When consider the extent which electricity serves mani- fold fashion, and realize that the breadth and economy this service depend upon the use alternating current; when consider that per cent all the current gener- FIRST the first practical installation alternating current, made engineer, Stanley, Great Barrington, Mass. made possible the transmission power over long distances and mass distribution useable voltages. ated and transmitted throughout the world this nature, are position appreciate the magni- tude achievement and the high degree public service rendered George Westinghouse. For was who introduced the principal character, taught him his lines and thereby made the drama elec- trification success. Throw aside, you will, all the many other achievements Westinghouse and this one would still sufficient permanently en- roll his name the register our immortals. George Westinghouse was “organizer” well inventor. Unlike many men the inventive type mind, did not consider himself have monopoly ideas. realized that the problem before him was not one-man caliber. That why sought out and drew himself those early days such men William Stanley, Shallenberger and Albert Schmid and later Nikola all whom were alternating current minded. attempting explore new technical frontiers one does not merely find the key single door, achievement. Rather succes- sion doors, large and small, that are interposed between the seeker and the sought and must find the keys one after the other. was with alternating current trans- mission. make commercially feasible there was needed trans- former that would step the voltage down from that suitable for eco- quired the incandescent lamp. | a { William Stanley found the key that door 1885 after year experimental work Pittsburgh and Great Barrington, Mass., which resulted “induction coil” which was the prototype all the transformers since built. Having discovered and used this key, did not take Stanley long demonstrate the feasibility al- ternating current wired light. was able, March 17, 1886, write George Westinghouse follows: have run wires from the labo- ratory the village and have placed ‘converter’ cousin’s store order test the commer- cial necessities. The lamps the store were running well last night. ... striving all can finish this system for you the earliest great deal about this system but briefly, all right.” Being now assured the possi- bilities alternating current for lighting and doubtless even then Lig envisaging picture still broader applications, Mr. Westinghouse de- cided organize company manufacture the apparatus. Thus, fifty years ago 1886 was formed the Westinghouse Electric Co. for the purpose manufacturing the apparatus required for light. Its domicile was rented shop Garrison Alley, Pittsburgh, its employees during the first year were less than 200 and its total sales for that year amounted less than $180,000. The first alternating generators were the single phase type. Such was the apparatus that Westing- house installed Buffalo, through the Brush Electric Light Co. November, 1886, for illuminating the department store Adam, Mel- drum and Anderson. This was the first commercial installation the alternating current system. was successful that within two years approximately 100 alternating cur- rent plants had been installed. With the coming Tesla Westinghouse 1888 came the Tesla induction motor and the poly- phase system, opening the door the the turning wheels industry through alter- nating current. The first installa- tion alternating current power transmission America, however, was the single phase type, made Westinghouse for the Wil- liamette Falls Electric Co. Oregon City, Ore., 1890. Power was transmitted generated hy- draulically Oregon City Port- land, miles distant, and trans- formed for lighting purposes. was followed, almost immediately the installation, Telluride, Colo., similar high tension sys- tem which the alternating cur- rent was applied drive syn- chronous motor. Light had thus become power. would serve useful purpose, nor would possible the pages available for our purposes attempt record, step step, the branching and leafing whereby the MODERN POWER. This mammoth cross compound Westinghouse turbine generator unit, whirling 1800 r.p.m., produces 220,000 hp. could light nearly million homes furnish illumination for highway around the world. 4 | little acorn, planted Pittsburgh George Westinghouse 1886, has now become international forest mighty oaks. That has been well recorded elsewhere. The readers this journal are more interested the present than the past; more interested knowing what Westinghouse today and what may tomorrow big brother the metal-working indus- try than turning the pages recollection. Yet this account would not complete without mention some the more significant contribu- tions. They form impressive roster engineering achievement. 1886, introduced the alternat- ing current system for lighting— 1888, built the first meter for mea- suring alternating current—1891, introduced the first successful type single reduction railway motor— 1893, lighted the World’s Colum- bian Exposition—1895, built the first generators for harnessing Niagara power—1899, built the first commercial turbine generator units the United States—1905, developed the first electric drive for the main rolls steel mill— 1906, electrified the New New Haven Hartford Railroad— 1908, developed the mercury rectifier—1909, installed the first 140,000 volt transmission line—elec- trified Italian State Railways— 1910, developed sectional drive for paper machines—1915, electrified DRUDGERY THIS FREED THE MULE. After the electric light, the next large demand for electricity came from the street railway. Westinghouse entered the field, trolley cars had established them- selves rapidly but their motors were still primitive. No. motor introduced many features design. the Norfolk Western Railroad for hauling coal heavy mountain Pennsylvania Railroad from Paoli—1917, developed the auto- matic substation which assures ade- quate power for peak service re- quired railway systems—1919, installed the first transmission line—1920, developed diesel-electric drive for ships and— originated radio broadcasting establishing KDKA—1922, devel- oped the de-ion system con- trol capacities cir- cuit interrupting equipment—1923, supplied locomotives and equipment for electrification Chilean State Railway—1924, developed metal al- loys permitting the manufacture smaller and more accurate instru- ment transformers—1925, electri- fied the Virginian Railway—1926, inaugurated the electric welding buildings, revolutionizing many processes building con- struction—developed the Grid Glow tube, “electric eye” forerunner vacuum tube—1929, built the first diesel-electric rail car for revenue service the United States—1931, electrified the President Cool- idge, then the largest merchant ship built America—1932, intro- duced the surge protected trans- former—1933, built the world’s fastest passenger elevators for use Rockefeller Center, New York— 1934, built locomotives and electrical equipment for electrifica- tion Pennsylvania Railroad be- tween New York and Washington —1935, built two the largest waterwheel generators the world, | ght, for the eral lley em- heir ‘ive. oric EFFICIENT ELECTRIFIED WORKSHOP housewife the principle straight line production and divided into three completely elec- trified work centers—the refrigeration and tion center, the sink and dishwashing center, and PORTATION. The West- inghouse equipped diesel electric Comet, shuttling between Boston and Prov- idence, covers the miles min. The train has two 400-hp. diesel power plants and can reach range and serving center. each rated 82,500 kva. for Boul- der Dam—equipped the diesel-elec- tric streamlined “Comet” for the New York, New Haven Hart- ford Railroad—developed high in- tensity mercury lighting for indus- try and sodium lighting for high- ways. Today the original little plant Pittsburgh’s alley has multiplied into parent company plants and five subsidiaries scattered through- out the United States. The 200 em- ployees have become 45,000 normal year; total sales such year are about $180,000,000, con- siderably over half million dollars every working day. Products have increased from the first simple apparatus required 1886 for the production light vast regiments varied equipment marshalled under the 120 sec. divisions Light, Heat, Power, Transportation, Communication and Conveniences. Due the wide variety prod- ucts manufactured Westing- house plants and the fact that fully per cent its operations are the “metal-working” cate- gory, the little journey through the works should interest all IRON AGE readers. would dif- ficult name any operation metal-working that could not found practiced some Westing- house plant department; equally metal-working machine that not utilized smaller larger degree the making Westinghouse products. There are perhaps different companies this country the metal-working field with which the industrialist must A familiar well informed. West- inghouse one them. the function this editorial presenta- tion convey you well-round- picture the organization, some its methods management, its manufacturing facilities and number its interesting metal- working operations. especially well for us, these peculiar times, reflect upon the growth that has come industrial America through such free play initiative and in- dividuality aided the plowing back into enterprise liberal portion the profits made it. For what has made Westinghouse great has also made America great. And that the untiring search for new and better things make and improved ways making them. the instinctive obedience man the great command, there light.” i ' f RANK MERRICK, president the com pany, wes graduated from Lehigh 1891 with the degree electrical engineer. connection with Westinghouse came about through the acquisition that company 1902 the electrical branch the Lorain Steel Co., which wes manager and chief engineer. 1903, Mr. Merrick was made manager works the Canadian Westinghouse Ltd., later becoming vice-president and general manager. During the World War, was put charge rifle manufacture the Chicopee Falls works the company and also develop- ing the production the Browning machine After the Mr. Merrick for two wes special representative the company London, subsequently returning his position elected vice-president and general manager the parent and four years later became its president. t MARSHALL, Westinghouse vice 17, 1888. was graduated from College 1911 and from the University Pittsburgh Law School 1914. Mr. Marshall had wide experience the electrical industry before joining the Westinghouse organization. 1915 was manager the adjustment department public utilities the Co. Pittsburgh 1926 joined the Westinghouse company industria! relations the compeny and various activities grouped Oct. 31, 1934, was elected vice-president ATHANIEL SYMONDS, vice-presi dent, was graduated from Stanford electrical engineer 1901. From 1915 engaged various activities with the Westinghouse Church Kerr Co. and with the Westinghouse Machine Co. 1915 became the power division the Chicago office the Westinghouse Electric Mfg. Co., becoming manager that district office 1921. 1930, Mr. Symonds was elected commercial vice-president the com pany with Chicago; 1932, became vice-president charge sales activities OSCOE SEYBOLD, vice-president and comptroller, graduated from Purdue University 1907 with the degree electrical engineer. upon graduation entered the students engineering course the Westinghouse Electric Mfg. Co. East Pittsburgh. From 1909 1922 was manager the price section the power and railway departments. 1922 was appointed manager price statistics and assistant the general sales manager. 1926 became assistant the vice-president and general manager. was appointed comptroller 1931. October, 1934, was elected vice-president the Westinghouse compeny addition his position comptroller. j a “| ' 4 OF 4 4 7 —_ \ ‘> | and urdue the East nager ilway the ler ted ler. ALPH KELLY, vice-president, has been with the company since 1909, which year was graduated from Harvard University with degree. After taking graduate student course East Pittsburgh was assigned the general engineering where remained for seven years. 1917 was com- missioned officer the Navy, attached the and had charge searchlight operations for the battle fleet. 1922 returned the Westinghouse engi- neering department and May, 1926, was transferred the St. Louis office engineering manager. 1930 was made Southwestern Pittsburgh 1932, manager the Central district. AMUEL KINTNER, vice-president charge engineering, joined the company 1903, after spending several years professor the Western University vania. For eight years thereafter was engaged work the research department. left the company 1911 become general manager the National Electric Signalling Co., then engaged developing radio inventions Later became president that company Rejoining the Westinghouse company after the War, Doctor Kintner assisted radio develop- ment and 1922 was made manager the research department. 1930 was elected assistant vice-president and 1931 became vice-president charge all engineering activities. * », » 4 x, +> 4 “4 RTHUR ALLEN, who Jan. 31, 1934, was elected vice-president charge the merchandising division, entered the employ ment the company the Newark, works, and was charge the test department there until 1910. 1917, joined the Canadien Forces private. Later was sent the Canadian Officers Training Camp, was commissioned second the Royal Flying Corps, and went overseas technical officer. After the War, Mr. Allen returned Westinghouse February, 1919. That same year was promoted manager the New York office and 1925 was made general manager the Westinghouse Lamp Co. The following year was elected vice-president that company, the position occupied until his recent election. NDREW chairman the board, was graduated from Allegheny College 1906, having worked his way through school and been self-supporting since the age eleven. Four years later, had completed course law the University Pittsburgh and admitted the bar. 1913, Mr. Robertson was made attorney for the Pittsburgh Railway Co. and the Duquesne Light Co. His work connection with the zation these companies led his appoint- ment the vice-presidency, later the the Philadelphia Co. 1929, Mr. Robertson was made chairman the board. — 4 ~ , 2 q | q — 4, EAST ad RESEARCH - = id J PITTSBURG Bringing the machine the work. The 32-ft. valve stationery and the machine tool mounted inside turntable. _ x3 Copper strip, 814 miles it, weighing 32,000 being wound rotor single-shaft turbo generator Rolling diameter plate segment for Boulder Dam intake gates characterize the East Pittsburgh works the Westinghouse Electric Mfg. The largeness scale embraces the plant itself; its major manufacturing divisions; and the large machinery built, some gigantic. The plant oc- cupies area 185 acres, with used floor space some 4,275,000 sq. ft. One the three major manufacturing shops alone has floor space 923,000 sq. ft.; another, with 714,000 sq. ft., has straight- away manufacturing aisle that 1700 ft. long. Unusually large machine tools—a 128-in. lathe and 40-ft. boring mill, for example—are suggestive the huge work produced here. Manufacture, however, also includes very smal] apparatus. And, type ranges between the ex- tremes tailor-made building single machine never perhaps exactly duplicated, and con- veyorized, progressive, high-production standard medium and small-size products active demand. Wide diversity product, from small motor con- trols large switchgear and water-wheel gener- ators weighing 1000 tons, also exists, well extensive range type and size some products. motors, for example, there are more than 30,000 distinct types and sizes. and extremely diverse production The East Pittsburgh works the center circle some other Westinghouse manufacturing plants. here that the general works manager and his staff are located, and from here that general manufacturing policies and methods emanate. The consulting staff, which has advisory con- nection with all plants, consists five more groups. These include General Works Engineering, devoted maintenance buildings, etc.; Equip- ment Inspection and Testing, advisory and co- ordinating group devoted selection, layout, main- tenance, etc.; Time Study; and Director Pro- duction, who establishes general production order procedure. There also superintendent em- ployment, and manager employee training. Touching all manufacturing plants, but within the scope the engineering department, the materials and process engineering group engaged coordinating material requirements with the aim keeping grades and sizes within economic limits. Management each the plants heads local general superintendent. East Pittsburgh this local management extends each the three major divisions, namely, the generating apparatus, | eee eee | motor and motor controls, and switchgear. also extends the feeder groups that suppiy materials and semi-finished parts those major divisions and some extent other Westinghouse works. With this brief picture the East Pittsburgh set-up whole, will pass consideration the three immense manufacturing divisions, and the smaller, but important, feeder units. Generator Division the Largest Unit largest single unit East Pittsburgh the generator division, with manufacturing floor space 923,000 sq. ft. Employees present num- ber 1500. One section 1300 ft. long and 100 ft. wide, and another 1200 ft. long and ft. wide. Machines produced embrace all types motors and generators well mercury arc rectifiers and industrial heating equipment. The a.c. gen- erators include turbine generators 185,000 k.v.a., vertical waterwheel generators 82,500 k.v.a., and slow speed direct connected Diesel engine driven generators. The a.c. motors include syn- chronous and induction types for all kinds indus- trial service. The d.c. machines include motors, gen- erators and rotary converters, the largest which 8000-hp. steel mill motor 40-80 r.p.m. Builds Gigantic Machines The large size the component parts handled this division may illustrated number recent machines. The largest waterwheel generators built the company were for the generating station Boulder Dam. The diameter over the inclosing housing was ft., and the height above the floor line was ft. The largest part was the rotor, which was approxi- mately ft. diameter and ft. wide. weighed 565 tons. The rotor included 35-ton cast-steel spider and 320 tons rim punchings. Each pole and coil weighed tons. The shaft weighed more than tons. One the most recent frequency changer sets was the hydrogen cooled 60,000-k.v.a. unit for the City Los Angeles, the largest machine this type ever built. ft. diameter and ft. long. The largest rotor for the unit ft. diameter and ft. over the shaft. The enclosing shell was made six main sections with two end Water wheel generator frame mounted turntable and rotated under automatic welder for welding continuous seam Motor frame production straight line. Operations milling feet, boring and frame, and Elevating roller table used facilitate lining two units progressive assembly new Flex Arc welding sets @ | i | | covers. These sections were bolted together make single gas-tight unit. The total weight the unit approximately 600 tons. Accurate Work Large Rotors The most recent large turbine- driven generator was for the Rich- mond Station the Philadelphia Electric Co. and rated 185,000 k.v.a., 1800 r.p.m. The alloy steel rotor was ft. diameter and ft. long from the coupling extreme end the shaft. The completed rotor weighed 125 tons. The main parts the rotor consisted forged steel plates in. thick and ft. diameter. The end sections are solid steel forgings. Rotors this type require large amount very accurate ma- chine work. For example, the rotor plates are finished all over vertical boring mill, the sides being held parallel within tolerance 0.001 in. The 6-in. bolt holes are drilled and reamed with such ac- curacy that when the plates are assembled the bolts will slip into place with the plates reamed 0.006 in. larger than the bolt. Floor Mill for 40-Ft. Parts Manufacture large machines the type described requires very large machine tools. These must flexible nature, and many them are portable that the tools can moved the piece machined. tools floor mill used bore and face frames ft. diameter. The frame bolted down and the machine tool rotates table the center. Another interesting machine tool hori- zontal drilling machine built like post mill and permanently mounted inside rotating indexing table. This machine used drill the holes d.c. motor and generator frames. Exterior Fabricating Shop outstanding section the generator division the 104-ft. 845-ft. shop which are fabri- cated frames, spiders, brackets, end bells, The very large Boulder Dam gates were built here. breaker and transformer tanks ft. diameter and ft. high are also made. Equipment includes rolls, plate benders, plate planers, large flang- ing presses, flame cutting and welding machines various kinds and sizes, and electric car-type fur- naces for the stress relieving welded structures. set vertical bending rolls installed for bending plates in. thick and in. wide. oil-pressure driven and operated from pulpit. oper- ation the heated slab enters trun- nion-mounted vertical crimping unit which puts radius the first few inches the slab. The slab then tilted and conveyed rollers the bending rolls which are capable exerting pressure 1250 tons. the same section there vertical roll for rolling bar stock edge. will roll cold diameter. The welding section equipped with automatic, semi-automatic and Industrial Motor and NOTHER immense manufac- turing division that devoted industrial motors and motor con- trols. Floor space occupied the motor department 283,000 sq. ft.. and the control department, 161,000 sq. ft., total 444,000 sq. manually equipment. Special fixtures and welding manipulators are used facilitate the welding very large work. The welding done more than 100 operators trained the Westinghouse welding school. Tools Brought the Work The generator division includes several assembly sections. One these equipped with T-slot plates that assure accurate level- ing and clamping large work and also permit positioning ma- chine tools for work parts that are too large moved sta- tionary equipment. turntable with swing about ft. used for boring and turning indexing table with portable tools placed around it. connec- tion with the Boulder Dam gen- erator rotor, this table carried fabricated member weighing about 200 tons. Two post mills were lo- cated the outside the rotor mill the long vertical slots the ends the arms. The table was used for indexing these slots. the same time portable radial drill was mounted the rotor itself for drilling bolt holes the spider. The generator maintains very large department devoted the building all types coils—including field coils well armature coils for both rotating and stationary armatures. Motor Control Division ft. Employees the first range from 1200 1500 and the con- trol section, from 500 600. Production both continu- type within number separ- ate, conveyorized machining and assembling units. All major pro- Line starters for induction motors are produced straight line. Special features facilitate assembly. Production layout for small motor starter parts arranged eliminate lost motion during assembly. | | | | e e | J | duction centers each has its own shop office, with its separate sched- uling, time and motion study and costing units, all reporting central production office the di- vision. elsewhere East Pitts- burgh, all operations are motion, well time, studied, and quick- acting assembling and machining fixtures large number are pro- vided, well benches, chairs and other equipment designed not only facilitate production but minimize operator fatigue. Flex-Arc Welder Line Highly Synchronized One the most recent and high- organized sub-production groups the motor division that de- voted the manufacture the new welder. Frames, sup- plied the company’s Trafford foundry, are first bored, faced and drilled. Poles, switches, etc., are assembled the next station; then connections and leakage plates are added, all materials and sub-assem- blies being conveniently hand racks. The Flex-Arcs next conveyor station where the rotating element and brackets are assembled, progressively, the frame. The completely assembled weld- ing sets end benches, where they are checked for completeness parts, finish, etc., and then tested actual oper- ation welding with standard electrodes and various current settings. Adding nameplates and spray painting follows—all the one continuous conveyor line. High Production and “Short Order" Layouts for Motor Parts Manufacture motors accounts for the largest activity this di- vision. High-production set-ups are group machining layouts, with ma- chine tools arranged skilled operators efficiently at- tend series different machines feature several sub-produc- tion sections. One example machining a.-c. motor frames. The five six machine tools for this work are located one con- veyorized group, and attended several operators. special features are machined supplementary, smaller group machine tools, another feature the department, designed avoid breaking the continuity oper- ations standard large-lot orders. Machining end brackets for all sizes a.-c. and d.-c. motors also continuous, and “short order” group, for keeping specials out the regular production channels, maintained here. Bores re- ceive ball bearings are held tolerance 0.0005 in.; this case the finish boring done separ- ate horizontal precision boring machines using cemented-carbide tools. Sleeve Bearing Bores Held 0.0005 In. Sleeve bearings all sizes are made department equipped for straight-line production. Cold rolled steel shells, furnished rough ma- chined the aut