The Iron Age 1932-06-16: Vol 129 Iss 24

ESTABLISHED 1855 RON NEW YORK, JUNE 16, 1932 Vol. No. bring even semblance order and production success out the present industrial situation accomplishment for any manufacturer. Additional credit, however, must such companies the Scovill Mfg. Co., which with great wartime expanded plants operation 1929 nevertheless has been able make adjustments meet the drastic 1930-31 changes demand. Drawing upon its experience during the difficult years after the war, the Scovill company has developed new products and new means distribution and has revolutionized its plant overhead structure. The accompanying article describes some the features which have helped this company its adjustment program. ing spirit which refused downed. COVILL MFG. CO., Waterbury, Conn., made munitions during the war, employing the peak its wartime production close 16,- 000 men plant which had been hurriedly enlarged several times its original size. After the war the com- pany was faced with the serious read- justment problems common all large munitions manufacturing plants. This company came through the war experience with large cash re- serves, and while, with these reserves hand and its established line wartime manufacture completely cut off, there was temptation for those control divide those reserves lib- erally among the stockholders, this was not overdone. One the chief reasons for keeping these reserves large was the probable large cost plant rehabilitation peacetime re- quirements. Another reason was feeling that some way the wartime production had not been fully liquidated either for the stock- holders the employees. save jobs for many employees possible the abrupt ending JOHN GOSS Vice-President and General Superintendent Scovill Co., Hartford, Conn the war, the company went out and took any kind business which could produce most any price for which could secured. The result for period time was operating loss, but meant saving the organi- zation and furnishing employment many employees who would otherwise have been out work. This led less severe and more orderly readju ment the plant and the ployees peacetime operations. After War Adjustments outside peacetime concerns were bought, their existing managements being left charge. This had the effect broadening the diversity product, furnishing tonnage the company’s rolling mills, wire mills and tube mills with- out sales cost and did not involve capital expenditure the develop- ment and installation new and added productive facilities, which ex- penditure would have con 1281 The story one manufactur- the development national over-ca pacity that direction. Neither did this program make contribution the increasingly seri ous competitive situation arising from over-supply productive facili ties, nor did disturb any the com munities which these businesse were located, because they were not moved, and therefore continued furnish employment for and pay taxes those communities. had also the effect adding new products and furnishing new outlets and new con- tacts. This all called for active the large cash reserves tained the management the com- pany’s treasury and justified their udgment having built up. However, all this was but start. during company, sound principles manufacturing and merchandising had to be effected. One of the chief ob tacles was found the inefficient manufacturing habits engendered the war experience with its insistent demand for greater and greater pro- duction cost. Important “Te § 7 | 3 7 q 4 | q g | oat | 2 q | ~ Pe > 9 p & ee. 4 | | 4 - a 7 workers themselves, who had built standard living during the war- time frenzy far above that possible under peacetime hours and wages. new products. The general scheme was place likely products the market rapid succession and they took hold carry them with re- These various adjustments, involv- newed effort. they did not take new methods, were gradually de- hold they were carded once and veloped. and thus new economies the stock sold sacrifice neces fected. The business the company period years until th a ! ne war had t De made A products were designed to sell at low prices, some through the and 10- New Products and New Outlets cent stores, was necessary get the upon the wartime expe production costs down the lowest possible basis. The years from 1922 tion these forces nearly one- half. one sense the depression has put effect the economies which for policy are difficult even impossible effect times pros- perity, but which nevertheless make the whole unit better equipped face whatever may ahead the way competition Drastic Reduction Distribution Costs developing outlets, the company has sought help the retailer rather than try eliminate him. One the last strongholds high cost lies produ Men were sent pendability materials delivery in- ficials believe that one the study trend the buying. creased manyfold during those years. est bids for return and new novelties and small product raw and semi-finished material made Most the at- rts indicated that women through One the most difficult adjust- One the most distrib- the cour anted ments during the present depression uting plans the company has iborate toilet has been reduction overhead. Dur- been the well organized sales ( nd metic containers ing times of pro perity the overhead EOrces 01 subsidiary all item ratio decreases the direct labor in- channels for distributing line with the Scovill company’ creases during times ucts. Thus the salesmen tivity because bronze and brass and depression the overhead ratio sidiary handling automobile tire hard- had the company’s prin the direct labor decrease ware and tools have been asked add terials onlv during overlook this may disastrous. many the miscellaneous accessories order compete this cosmetic study all office work and which would appeal the ld, was sary get out prod fact, all the so-called larger garages and some whole departments the case the Morency-Van Buren the was add unnecessary the time Division, Sturgis, Mich., which manu- design ent part depre Correspondence factures plumbers’ brass goods. The the production unit. This new depart company was studied and was found salesmen for this company have hen used developing use form letters answer asked add their line bath and products other fields. Sales meth- large number the daily shower fixtures and many bathroom new itlet ere developed Standards the clerical departments accessories which are readily distrib multaneously with the development were improved, resulting reduc- uted through the same channels. 4 * Fusi and Fusion Processes major features the welding result, and the product already Well-made wrought iron possesses wrought iron course exploitation the desirable attribute very low steel, both technique and results, the form plate, sheets, wire, metalloid content and absence seg- James Aston, bars and forging stock addition regation constituents, pointed Byers Co., Pittsburgh, ad- pipe, which has been the important out. addition, the inclusion iron dress the “Welding Wrought outlet recent years. Alloy wrought silicate slag has marked Iron,” the recent annual meeting iron with improved physical proper- action protecting the metal during the American Welding Society. ties heating and fluxing the oxides that But there are special ment.” view this, said Mr. As- better surfaces are presented for the that must taken into account; Mr. ton, appropriate that attention union iron iron. Aston discussed these detail, giv given the welding characteristics Research. said, has disclosed that also interesting outline the this material. the composition the slag has hysical other characteristics Two types welding were consid- marked influence upon the welding wrought iron. ered—plastic and fusion. plastic quality pipe manufacture. view “The past few years have seen iron welding the chemical composition and the fact that the newer develop- put upon plane manufacture physical characteristics the metal closely paralleling that steel are primary importance. Temper- tonnage and possibilities,” ature and pressure during the weld- aid. “Expansion markets should ing are also vital. 1282—The Age. June 16, 1932 ments wrought iron production en- able intimate control both slag and (Co) cluded On page 1335) ( { one- has for even face of m 7 olving Problems Which Vex the Rustless Steel ndustry the annual spring meeting Almost every phase development the American Iron and Steel paratively new industry was itively difficult vely high cost Discussion Walther Mathesius attention has been paid Assistant General Superintendent, South Works. the ferrochromium alloy well Illinois Steel Company, Chicago ciprocal commentary, supplement- rrades usual more difficult ing rather than reviewing the paper, identified with the patents un- found the adaptation and confined largely those phases der the control the Chemical Four soaking pits and heating fur the United States Steel Corpn.’ dation, Inc., well the straight naces. and the adherence time-tem production steel which chromium steels containing schedules keeping with Steel Co.’s South Works Chicago. with the exception the hardened rustle light cutlery grades the latter group our present knowledge, appears Program program its present working processes applied This development represents part vel, measur quality and teel, correct heating when the Steel Corporation concen aided the one most ach trated large share its alloy steel laboratory Compared with the production South Works. Open- carbon steels, all grad ducing facilities were available with and isting steels have distinctly ample capacity and suitable design. valuable cooperation tne thermal conductivity. For this rea Rolling and forging equipment was yn, much longer heating cycles supplemented substantial additions, Steel researcn well materially reduced rate designed and operated specifically support has beer failures during rolling and the production special and alloy fective reducing produ are steels. necessity nearly cient throughcut the mass way tedious and hod rule, readily recogn because the principal demand arose from More frequent, and more difficult been expanded gradually, keeping heating practice promotes creditable service progressive ilting reduced ductility and dustry with ever more exacting re- ntly breaking and tearing quirements quality steels. luring rolling forging The manufacture stainless and the straight ium grades, heat-resisting steels South Works the toward grain this program and covers production ith reasing content finished rolled products bars, and alwa fur and shapes, etc., well semi-fin- heating ind heating ished materials for further conversion For best results the hot other Steel Corporation plants int vorking there strip, wire, sheet and tubular good fore important amy The June 16, 1932—1283 = 4§ s : q 3 = | any . A 4 ( Yn e d 1es . ol- ng- 4 rity 1 In at- STS CS ‘j b- has les q hea rd- < les 1S en u- i 2 V ; n q soaking period temperature levels below the zone rapid growth and not extend unduly the heating the higher temperatures re- a tor roiliin time ql 1reé High Strength High Temperatures The outstanding phenomenon dur- ing the rolling the rade their high strength ele- ted temperatures, which, com with ordinary steels, terially greater force for equal de- formation. Heavy mill equipment and ample driving power are therefore sential. the lower limit the practical range rolling tem- peratures directly determined this behavior. For these reasons, the successful rolling ingots eel type small Experience and care the way, however; inverted hot rular USS 18-8 gra weighing excess 60,000 and measuring approximately in. in. cross-section, are now rolled South Works with good results, the product consisting mainly slabs further conversion through 10-stan requlre- ment and temperature limits encoun- tered the chromium-nickel grades, the rolling the straight chromium grades somewhat easier problem After suitable heating, these materials are rather easily deformed when roll- ing with normal drafts. The specific feature which must recognized for satisfactory results these grades that, with increasing chromium and with decreasing car- bon content, these steels remain fer- ritic throughout the entire ature range available for hot work- ing. Consequently they offer op- portunity for grain refinement and corresponding through heat treatment rolling. avoid brittleness and obtain sat- isfactorily small grain size, for cold working the product, bending chipping and grinding, the ature the final hot deformati must closely controlled. shou always low enough plates machining, temper- desired grain refinement and avoid ubsequent grain growth during T iiter rolling. Scrap Melted High-Frequency Furnace the remelting rustless steel installation the frequency coreless type used the Chicago equipment, Ajax- design, consists briefly 1250-k.v.a. motor generator set, whicl furnishes current 1000 cycles and approximately 900 volts, and 4-ton crucible-type furnace unit, able switch gear and capaci Iron Age, June 16, 1932 pected for maximum flexi- bility the melting program well for practically continuous utiliza- tion the generating and control equipment, which forms the major part this installation standpoint investment. Placed operation during Novem- ber, 1931, this melting plant repre- sents several including its size, somewhat drastic departure from earlier standards. was de- cided upon because offered the pos- sibility attractive advantages over the low-frequency induc- tion furnace—for instance, greater ease charging, slag manipula- tion, and stirring control. With relatively simple structure and with ble bath and lining contour, promised ease maintenance and flexibility, being operative either continuous melting pro- gram for large number consecu- tive heats the same grade, charged intermittently and for wide- different specifications with mini- ference. accessl Although this equipment not een operation long enough jus- tify final statements concerning pacity and costs, can said that the results obtained far have been gratifying and keeping with ex- pectations. Substantial tonnages scrap have been torily with regard furnace prac- well steel quality and numerous specifications have been produced successfully, justifying the belief that this relatively novel tool will find wider field applica- steel plant practice the tice as tion in the Overcoming Intergranular Corrosion One the most serious disadvan- tages the physical properties the straight chromium steels, which has limited their wider application, oubt their lack ductility after and their tendency toward embrittlement after posure temperatures around 900 deg. For these characteristics satisfactory corrective measures have become known far. The industry must, for the present, recognize these limitations and avoid guarding against applications these manufacturing which they we grade Ss and uses While the chromium-nickel grades, such the 18-8 type, are not sub- jected these limitations and repre- sent fact, the author has pointed out, unusually favorable materials for welding, there nevertheless little concern among users because sub- stantially lowered ance experienced after welding and also because serious embrittlement encountered after prolonged high tem- perature service the range of, say, 1100 1600 deg. The author has shown that these tendencies have been definitely asso- ciated with nesses and intergranular corrosion phe- nomena, caused carbide precipita- tion. prevent this migration the chromium carbides, number corrective alloying additions have been made and have shown moderately im- proved results. The benefits derived this respect from lowering the specification are limited be- the lowest carbon content ob- tainable today commercial practice still least 0.03 per cent higher than would required for elimination the precipitation phe- nomenon. For the present, the practical solu- tion this difficulty not much the direction lower carbon con- tent, but alloying additions capa- ble accelerating the precipitation carbides without the chromium alloy their composition. Titanium Indicated Corrective Commercial manufacture 18-8 products with suitable percentages titanium added the steel required for the binding the carbon content into stable titanium carbides has been this country well abroad, and recent laboratory results indicate ance against intercrystalline attack approximately 100 times greater than obtainable the ordinary 18-8 grade with carbon under 0.07 per cent. expected that this titanium-bearing alloy will substantially widen the field profitable application for heat- resisting purposes well welded corrosion-resistant structures. review the present cost stainless steel products should, fair- ness all, consider separately the materials, production, and fabrication. Using the cost or- dinary steels standard com- parison, easily seen that the ad- dition from per cent and higher more costly alloys will al- ways require larger outlay for ma- Yet there every reason expect least moderate reduction the price these commodities with increased production and correspond- ingly lower manufacturing costs. Similarly those skilled the art will readily perceive that, due the inherent physical properties the rustless steels, their production and processing will always more cost- (Concluded advertising page 20) al _ = | 7 \ ~~ | \ a> q y with tator banks. second furnace unit = Cost System for the Stee ndustry (2240 pig hr., spite the fact that the erally the Southern Association iron accepted + ore Wicks furnace capacity pounds burned hr. This rule that blast furnace modern construction should burn The base coke volume hr. this system contains per carbon (at 212 deg. F.) and cent “working volume” received. h! ‘ + } xy nN furnac Pig Iron and the contents from the level the center line the level ft. below the big bell closed. more pig iron than furnace less diameter the hearth the tent the increase the volume, and more; and even PIG It ( i rotal n I 1 vd Number operat Average prod tion per 24 I il tonna id li Cu. ft of air at 60 deg. F. per Theoretical yield at 94 per cent Fe .. R'E Actual yield Average per cent Fe inn I oss in yield xtul cok n cor ) 1 () ) ( ) pe Total n Total he man-day Total he yr] plant hours work er pl yer Total tructior T i I ul ed t ste p Net ho bor lat iro! Lo RALPH SWEETSER The Age May 26, 1932, Mr. Sweetser set forth the underlying good cost system for blast furnace plant, and listed the eight items for which “base” “ideal” costs must ascertained before true meas- ure operating efficiency can obtained. the current stalment his article takes each one these items, plaining detail how the base are arrived at. tion ‘ rhe hol nape ned ron more coke per nd, er re t Kil ror ce i Base Ore Mixture conta per cent (Fe) natural state. The theoretical pig iron containing per cent The percentage silica thi n it ed to be per cent (natural) The quan ore ire required per ton ity I} | The Iron Age, June 16, 1932—1285 — a he. 3 | & | 3 : q i | 4. & | tons \ - +} in ‘ } iKe n inie tn ne. f ith the furnace are properly about Ib. coke per foot | i ay G 4 ~ ; units iron (Fe), assuming that there 100 per cent recovery, which practically impossible but often recorded the cost sheets. This for Lake Superior iron ores; the same principles could applied Alabama ores New York and New Jersey balance sheet all units iron bought and delivered into the management the accounting and the inventory. not unusual for the balance sheet (Cost Data Sheet No. called the “Consumption, Production and Loss sho greater recovery pig iror than theoretically When this persists month after month, certain that ther are errors Mm tl furnace record mewhere; weig I gr mple taken for anal may truly representative. month all the units iron con tained the ore mixture charged the furnace are debited and 1 flue au and tne ] ire ré ted and the differer l “ul This Consumption, Producti and Loss Statement keen and inventory check blast nace operations, and guide samplir ana ng, veighing and accounting ord with the filling I » the I ice for blowing-in and roughout the blast tne recor ire iccurately kept there will certain “unaccounted-fo1 manufacture that was not ered pig iron, castings The base « ¢ aopte 1 for the « parative cost system fixed carbon (at 212 deg. F.) ° per cent mol ture as rect ved ra hould tough, but not fragile, and free from ting I t ftror dry coke’’) issumed that requir i Ve ake one ton ot ror from ore 51.50 per cent iron (Fe) natural and blast temperature at 1200 de | contalr ] per asl W not e ovel the on Base Limestone The base limestone calcite with 4°) per cent CaQ, A ( ] L¢ limestone without any magnesia very un- 1286—The Iron Age, June 16, 1932 satisfactory flux the blast furnace and often necessary use some dolomite mixed with the calcite. Adjustments account varia- tions percentage CaO and the use open-hearth slag the ore mixture will have made. Labor Just necessary know how much pig iron blast furnace will sary know how much man should man-day blast furnace one labor cost for the ideal tonnage can then shown. Adjustments for variations rates and tonnages must Supplies and Service The cost supplies and the cost service are combined into one item the comparative cost system under the heading “Supplies and Ser- vice.” The total cost this item for 24-hr. period ascertained add- ing the average daily quantities and costs coal, refractories, bronzes, tools, chemicals for water PIG IRON COST DATA SHEET No, 2 THE COMPANY DIVISION M th of 4 FURNACE ” Per Tons Per TOTAL Price TOTAL Cost Per Pig Ton Pig TONS USED Per Ton COosT Ton Pig | | | LP ON FOR THIS MONTH TONS | FURNACE t F T Per TOTAL Price TOTAL Cost Per f T Pig TONS USED Per Ton cosT Ton Pig \L PRODUCTION FOR THIS MONTH TOTALS FOR BOTH FURNACES TONS PIC TOTAL COST COST PER TON working the standard 8-hr. day. The ideal amount labor per ton expressed hours and found dividing the ideal the blast furnace the total hours labor and the cost labor per day shown the standard force sheet approved the management and throughout the period. The ideal labor cost all the tems labor included the regular used for pig iron. All alaries charged against pig iron are ncluded the cost for overhead. nee standard force sheet shows the hourly payroll, and shows the total number hours worked all the wage-earners 24-hr. period, and the total wages earned. From these figures are derived the hours labor per ton pig iron and the average rate wages per hour. The ideal treatment, all materials and maintenance, lubricants, yard switching, locomotive electric light and power, steam, and any other supplies and services that are included the sheets. The management must agree with the superintendent reason- able amount for this ideal cost. The ideal cost for supplies and ser- vice expressed total cost per hr., and then cost per ton for the ideal daily tonnage. This item does not have adjusted each month except that the per-ton cost will vary directly with the average daily pro- duction pig iron. However, there are many small under this heading that advisable review the whole list supplies and service occasionally make the necessary revisions. Changes practice, equipment, accounting (Concluded advertising page 18) — “ | | percentage iron the ore mixtur lain 1 let 17 ] will explained later under | ect “Adjustments. >. Base Coke é n € + + ] 7 n a 9 2 3 Available Too Brands anc ECAUSE the great variety tool and cutting steels and al- loys, each characterized dif- ferences analysis and properties, considerable confusion associated with the identification many them. Each has brand name, but many cases this does not give any clue the composition, properties uses. Many requests come THE IRON AGE for information these steels. order clarify this situation, survey has been made which includes all American products and most the imported brands. Due the excel- lent cooperation the companies ap- proached, has been possible lect data which cover the brand name, the type with which identified, the predominating determining ele- ment elements and, majority cases, the chief applications. Every organization the United States which could identified producer, agent importer was so- say that data were obtained from every producer and agent present business and from all importers but one. some cases certain details were not obtainable, but the data are quite complete. Seventy-four companies were found doing business under brand names the United States. Replies ro were received from these, which are listed table with number assigned each company for identifi- The questionnaire which was sent each company requested information under four different heads: brand name, type, determining element, and applications. 4 he No. Producer or Agent ro- Adams Osgood Steel Co. .23 Purchase St. led Allen Steel Co., Edgar, Inc..741 Washington St.. 4A. Armstrong Bros. Tool Co. .309 Francisco Ave.. ing Steels pes EDWIN CONE Presentation the data obtained One the surpri has been concentrated two large number spe besides the one giving the urce. One over 260 table alphabetical list brands position due the which includes the type steel and loying elements. the determining element, with the key naturally the identify the producer fact that there hrand third table there presented a classified list of ll-inclusive, because steel represented: carbon, high-speed, ion furnished pecial alloy, non-deforming, cemented carbides and unclassified. the last brands concerning which adequate in- That the tool formation was not available. also cases the understood that some mpressively evident furnished ing a similar effect tool industry, but measur if extent Tool Steel Producers and Agents Location No. Producer Agent Boston, Mass. . Bethlehem Steel Co. New York, N. Y. Sissett Steel Co. Latrobe, Pa. - Boker & Co., H., Inc.. Newport, Ky. Bourne-Fuller Div. -New York, N. Y. Chicago, Boyd-Wagner Co....... New York, N. Y. ; 10. 947 East 67th St... 101 Duane St nN Braeburn Alloy Steel non-deforming cla tion, with brands, Republic Steel Corpn...1912 Scranton Rd.... The Iron Age, June 16, 1932—1287 A\s ses is the very } @i allvy veel which vary widely com- different al- to +} na 167 carbon steels. The arly high- ‘thing sur- ifica- probably not inadequate some cases. even cemented car- The two hard alloys are industry vey. The advent teels and steel designated, but far possibie the data furnished each company have been closely followed. thi tool steel was the carbon type and hows, large majority the current Drand, J brands involve the use alloys and From this arrangement the data, consequently the electric furnace possible from one table their production. Add this the fact the producer agent for any the that careful heat treatment 590 more brands tool cutting ary bring out the full qualities steels and alloys available the the steels and that heat-treating prac- American market and the same tice, perfected quite recent years, ne id tify he tvne n other , : identify the type. the her involves much new equipment, and the table, steels suitable certain full import the tool steel industry plications can identified among “he manifest. Associated with the types which arrange themselves velopment tool steels has been follows greater expansion the machine tool industry which, due new steels and alloys, has made great strides last twenty years. Introduction high-speed steels necessitated many changes the design machine too! their efficiency. Already the Hard use the cemented carbides the machine Location Bethlehem, Pa. Cleveland, Ohio York, N. Y. ..Cleveland, Ohic Chicago, . Braeburn, Pa. axe are yranad Dy type ol tee steels. ecomnrohanciva and imD rtant one tant IS lOO early to Location Location No, Producer Agent 43. McDonald & Co., P. F.....17 King Terminal... ..Boston, Mass. delphia, Pa. ....741 Washington St...New York, N. Y. No. Producer or Agent .. Syracuse, N. Y. .Detroit, Mich. .Reading, Pa. 11. Cannon-Stein Steel Corpn. 12. Carboloy Company, Inc. 13. Carpenter Steel Co. 15. Colonial Steel Co... 16. Columbia Tool Steel Co.. 2841 GrandBlvd. .Monaca, Pa. .Chicago Hts., Ill. 46. Milne & Co., A....... 17. 18. Craine-Schrage Steel Co...6189 Hamilton St. Crowley, John A.. 120 Liberty St... .Detroit, Mich. New York, Homestead, Pa. 19. Crucible Elec. Steel Corpn..125 East 7th St.... 20. Crucible Steel Co. of ..Chrysler Bldg... .. 21. Cyclops Steel Co... New York, N. Y. .. Titusville, Pa. I 49. Paragon Steel Tool Co., Inc...................East Rutherford, 50. Patriarche Carmine St........New York, 1260 West 4th St. Cleveland, Ohio .. ..1030 McDougall Ave. ..Detroit, Mich. 22. Darwin & Milner, Inc j < 4 51. Peninsular Steel Co.... 23. Detroit Alloy Steel Co.. Ft f Iron St.... Detroit, Mich. 52. Pittsburgh Tool Steel 24. isston & Oons, Coy <2. river~- é O-. oad Be 26. Duke Steel Co., Inc. a ERS New York, N. Y. 56. Purdy Co., Inc., A. R......790 Greenwich St.....New York, N. Y. 27. Ekstrand & Tholand 1 East 42nd St. 57. Ramet Corpn. of America. .... 0... s0cccscssece 58. Ryerson & Son, Inc. 28. Firth-Sterling Steel Co. McKeesport, Pa. 29. Frasse, Inc., Peter A.. 17 Grand St. New York, N. Y. Ss 59. SKF Steels, Inc............40 East 34th York, 30A. Edward Hand Co....521 Arch St... Pa. 62. Swedish-American Steel 63. Swedish Iron Steel East 42nd St. New York, 33. Heller Brothers Co. . ..879 Mt. Prospect Ave..Newark, N. J. 33A. Hidalgo Steel Co., Inc. 74 Varick St... New York, N. Y. 34. Hobson, Houghton & Co., T 31. Hawkridge Brothers 32. Haynes Stellite Co. 35. Houghton & Richards, Inc.145 Oliver St... . 3oston, Mass. 65. Tennessee Coal, iron & 36. Illingworth Steel Co.,John...... Frankford, U Philadelphia, Pa. 66. Uddeholm Co. America, 37. Jessop Sons, Inc., Wm. .121 Varick St. New York, Universal Steel 38. Jessop Steel Co.... Washington, Pa. York, .Bridgeville, Pa. 68. Vanadium-Alloys Steel and Latrobe, Pa. 39. Kidd Drawn Steel Co......... Aliquippa, Pa. 69. Vulcan Crucible Steel Co.. +. ++-Aliquippa, Pa. 40. Kloster Steel Lake III. 70. Wheelock, Lovejoy Co., 41. Latrobe Electric Steel Co.. Latrobe, Pa. Z ( 42. Ludlum Steel Co. Watervliet, 71. Ziv Steel Wire Co.. .2945 Harrison C Steel Brands, Alphabetically Arranged Cc Determining Producer Determining Producer Cc Type Elements Agent Brand Type Elements Agent (Low carbon) < Air hardening Carb No. 3A Albany... .. .. Special alloy... Cr, V ...No. 42 Atlas No. 93 Ss ial all Cr, M No. 42 oe Iron Age, June 16, 1932 Cre Cre b Ala. Nass. Determining Producer Brand Type Elements or Agent High Bethlehem Finishing. .....Special alloy........W..............No. Bethlehem Lehigh Die and Bethlehem No. Hot Bethlehem No. 445 Hot Bethlehem Special High Tool Bethlehem XX............Carbon.... B-F Tool. ..No. 8 Black Label. Special alloy. Cr, ..No. Black Label Cast (Extra). ..No. Blue Anchor Drill Carbon No. Brown .. Special alloy Buster Brand.... Special alloy.. oe er .. High speed. . c, Cr, W, V, Co.No. 21 ..High speed. . Cc, Cr, W, V, Mo.No. 21 Carboloy. ..Cemented carbide... Tantalum or tungsten Carbomang (Cast).........Carbon...... Champion Non-Change- Special alloy.. ..Mn, Cr, Chrome No. 33-A alloy.. Colhed.. Special alloy........V.. Colonial Six, Oil ing. ..Non-deforming Crescent Hot Work No. alloy No. Brand Cromovan.... Crusca New Process Hollow Crusca V. J. Special. Crusca V. J. Extra.. Crow .. Darwin 505.. Dense Deward........ Diamond Diamonite Dixi3... Double Special Double Seven Double Six Die Double Special Double Special Dreadnought.. Dualoy .... Dukane.. Dukane. Dukex. Dumost Durabil .. . Duranmium Duredge. Dutrax Duvan. Dynamo.. Electrite Cobalt Electrite Super Cobalt Electrite Ultra Cobalt. Electrite Uranium... Electrite Vanadium Electrite No. 1 Elhanco Excel Hollow Drill Excelo Extra Chrome Extra. Extra .. Estre... Extra. Extra .. Extra Extra Extra. Extra Best Extra MG Extra Punch Extra Quality . Extra Special.. Extra Special Extra Special Extra Tool Extra Tool Extra Warranted E. Z. 14 W.. Fedol FIREX.. First Quality Firthaloy.. Firthite FJAB Extra. FJAB Hollow Drill FJAB Regular FJAB Rolled Auger FJAB Solid Drill FJAB Special Folder Die Fool-Proof Fort Pitt Frasse Tempers, A.B., C... Type Triple die .. Special alloy. Carbon Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy High speed. Carbon. alloy.. Non-deforming (Oil hardening) Special Special .. Special alloy.... .. Non-deforming .. . Special alloy.. Special Special .. Special alloy.. .. (Drill rod).. ..Carbon (Cold Special Special ..High speed.. .. Special ..Carbon (double Carbon .. Special alloy. Carbon -High speed ..High High speed High speed High Special alloy Special alloy... . Carbon... . Special alloy.. alloy .. Carbon... . ..Carbon. .. Carbon... Water hardening ..Carbon. .. .Carbon.... Carbon... Carbon. . Non-deforming Special alloy. ..Carbon. ..Carbon ..Carbon. Carbon Carbon Carbon Carbon Spec ial alloy Oil hardening. . Special alloy.. ee .. Carbon. Cemented ..Carbon..... Carbon... Carbon Carbon. ..Carbon... Special Carbon... Determining Elements Cr, Si, Mn, Mo. Cr. Producer Cr, Co.No. W, Cr, Co. Cr, Cr, ..Cemented carbide... or Agent ..No. 28 No. 20 No. 20 ..No. 20 ..No,. 42 No. 22 . No 7 No. 20 ..No. 42 .No 45 ....No. 18 ..No. 33-A ..No. 20 No 2 No. 2 ..No. 30 ..No. 16 ..No. 2 No. .No. 26 ..No. 52 ..No. 52 ..No. 26 . No. 8 . No 26 . No 26 ..No. 62 ..No. 44 No 26 .No 26 .No 41 -.No. 41 .No. 41 .No. 41 No. 41 .No. 41 No. No. 41 No. 15 No. 13 .No. 69 ..No. 69 .No. 7 ..No. 41 .No. 13 No. 10 No. 16 No. 8 No. 21 No. 36 No. 35 No. 41 No. 35 No. 3 No. 8 No. 30 No. 2 No 45 No. 3 No. 9 No. 63 No. 22 No. 35 No. 28 No. 28 No. 4 4 No. 46 No. 46 No. 46 No. 46 .No. 44 No. 43 . No. 69 No. 29 The Iron Age, June 16, 1932—1289 drat ducer No. 21 ‘ Cc No. No. Brand Gibraltar Gold Anchor . Gold Anchor Drill Rod Gold Label. .. Gold Star... .. Grade H.. Gralur.. Green Label... Gray Label.. Green Label. Green Label Cast (Special) Griffin Gripmore G. S. N. G. S. N. Special C. Hack Saw .. Hack Saw. Hack Saw. Halco..... Halcut..... Haldi. Hardrite. . Hargus Hawk Brand Hawk H... Hawk Special Hawk Vanadium Headmore 0% Hidalgo.. .. Hi-Pro...... Hobson's Choice XX Hobson Non-Shrink Warranted Best Hollo... Hollow Bar Hot die No. 2 Hot Header No. 3 Huron Hypro Hypro No. 62 IDEOR Imperial Imperial Major Intra. Invincible Drill Rod IC/C J-Metal J. S. Steel J-4 Chisel KD6... 10.. Keystone Keystone K-9, Oil Hardening .. Ketos.. Kinite Kiski.. .. Kloster Hollow Drill K-R Alloy Kromax. Krovan. 1290—The Iron Special Carbon High speed High speed High speed High spe ed Special alloy Carbon alloy. Non-deforming .Carbon.. Carbon Non-deforming Special alloy Non-deforming Non-deforming Non-deforming Special alloy. Special alloy Carbon... Special alloy.. Special alloy... Special alloy Special (Air hardening) Non-deforming Non-deforming Non-deforming Carbon Special alloy Carbon . Special alloy. Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Non-deforming .Carbon. .Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy. Special alloy. (Oil hardening) .Non-deforming Special alloy Determining Elements (High C, High Cr) Special alloy (low carbon) Special alloy High spe ed Special alloy Carbon Carbon Hard alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy..... .Special alloy. .Special alloy Special alloy Special Non-deforming Non-deforming (Oil hardening) Special alloy. Non-deforming Special (High High Cr) alloy.. steel (all kinds). .Special alloy.. Age, June 16, 1932 Producer or Agent No. 7 No. 3 W, Co oF No. 13 Ww ..No. 29 Mn, No. 33 ( No. 37 Cr, Mn No. 1 Cr No. 6 c, &. No. 41 ¢ Cr No 41 No. 22 Cc, GC, V No. 20 Ww ..No. 37 .No. 37 Ww No. 20 ..No. 30 .No. 30 No. 30 C, Cr ..No. 13 .No. 69 Cc, Cr, Mn .No. 71 No. 31 Cr, V -No. 31 .No. 31 -.No. 31 Cr, V ..No. 6 ..No. 69 W No. 33-A ...No. 69 No. 34 No. 34 Cr -No. 10 .No. 15 Cr, V No. 42 r No. 6 C, Cr ...No 9 .W, Cr .-No. 22 Ww ..No. 2 Ww -No. 2 Ww ..No. 7 No. 39 Cc Co, Ce, ae ..No. 37 ..W, Co ..No. 33-A W, Co. ...No. 33-A ..C, Cr, W, V.....No. 24 No. ‘ ies ..No. 69 Mn.. No. ..No. Brand Belle Special Hot Die. ..Special &H....... La Belle Semi-Hot.... Belle Silicon Punch No. 2... La Belle Silicon Punch Belle No. 211 Die. Belle No. Die. Lophos.. eo L-XX High Speed.. MACCO Certified... Mangano......... Marathon. Martin (Cast). Master...... Maximum Maxite..... Maxtack... Special Midvaloy No. 77... Minerva Special . Misco A.. Misco B.. Mohawk Hot Die Monaca... MoTung M Y Extra NEOR.. New Rapid. Nonshrink . Non-Shrinkable Normar.... North Star Novo Special Novo Superior. No. Hot Die... No. 5 Hot Die. One Star High Speed Onplus... Ontario..... Orange Label.. Type Paragon Oil alloy.. Park Pat. Cobaltcrom 33’’Special Pat. PRK Cobaltcrom Special alloy........ Peerless Penco...... Planet Cold Planet Drill Rod........ Planet High Speed.... High speed........ Determining Elements Producer Agent . Special alloy........Cr, Si, Mn, Mo .No. 20 ..-.- Special alloy........Cr, Si, Mn......No. 20 Special alloy........Si, Mn.........No. ....- Special alloy........Ni, Cr, Mo......No. 2 Special alloy........C, Cr, Mo....No. Carbon (water .....-Non-deforming.....C, Mn, V.......No. 24 ..Non-deforming .....Mn.... ..No. 26 .. Special alloy........C .._No. 2 ...Carbon (cold drawn)C...............No. 52 ..High speed...... Mo, W.. Special alloy........W, Cr, Si.......Mo. 38 (high carbon) .. .Non-deforming.....C, Cr, Mn .No. 7 .Special Mo, V. .No. 42 (air hardening) Special alloy........C, Cr, V... ..No. wall SS. . R 7 r t co 8 Brand Planet Special........... Poldi Brand Poldi Brand 2002-ES.. CV Poldi HPS....... Poldimaximum Special Poldimaximum. Poldi Poldi Poldi Stabil. Poldi Tenax.. .. Poldi 212. ...... Pompton... Prince... PRK Pure-Ore Pure-Ore Cobalt .. Pure-Ore Cold Heading Pure-Ore Drill Pure-Ore High Speed. Pure-Ore Special Pure-Ore Special Alloy. Purple Pyro Tool.... Python.. Red Anchor.... .. Red Anchor Drill Rod... .. Type Carbon .....Special alloy, (oil Special alloy....... Determining Elements Cc andair hardening) .Cr, V Special alloy (deep hardening, water quench). Special alloy.... ... Special alloy.. ....High speed. speed... speed. Special alloy. Non-deforming (oil hardening) . Special alloy....... Special alloy alloy Special alloy ....Non-deforming (high Cr, high .....High speed .... Special alloy .-Carbon... High speed -Carbon... Special alloy High speed Special alloy. .. Special alloy ..Cemented carbide ++ - Special alloy .Carbon eee Red Cut Cobalt............High speed Red Cut Cobalt............High speed Red Cut Red Cut Superior.... Regular Bolt Die...... Regular Red Shadow Red Star Tool........ Regular Tool......... Rekord Extra.. Rekord Rita Alloy speed Special alloy alloy alloy. (drill rod). ....Carbon (cold drawn). alloy... ....High Special Rita Chrome-Vanadium...Special alloy.. .. Rita Cobalt High Speed....High Rita Electric Rita Extra Rita Extra Tool.......... Rita High Special alloy... High speed Rita Hot Forging Die No. .Special alloy Rita Hot Forging Die No. .Special alloy Rita No-Change Oil Hard- ening... Rita Special Special alloy.. Rita Standard Drill Rod ...Carbon.. Rita Standard Tool. Rita Three Special alloy Rita Vanadium Drill alloy Royal Crown........ Ryolite Ryolite Chromium Hot Ryolite Diamond Ryolite Tungsten Hot Work.. Ryolite XX Non-deforming (oil hardening) Special alloy .... Special alloy .. ..Carbon. .. Special alloy ee .Carbon Special alley an Cr Cr, V Ww Mn, V Cr, W. .W Cr Co, Cr Cr, ) W, Co Producer or Agent Tantalum car- bide W, Co Ww Mn, Cr, Ni ce, ¥ Co. Ww. W, Cr, V ..W, Cr ¥ W, Cr, Ni Cr, V Cr, W. Cr, W, V Vie ss W, Cr, V No. 56 No. 53 No. 53 No. 53 No. 53 No. 53 No. 53 No. 53 No. 53 No. 53 .No. 53 No. 53 No. 42 No. 46 N 40 No. 40 No. 40 No. 40 No 40 No. 40 No 40 No 38 No. 30 No. 42 No. 57 No. 44 No. 3 No. 3 No. 68 No. 15 .No. 68 No. 15 ..No. 69 .No. 7 .No. 45 -.No. 45 No. 33 No. 2 No. .No. 15 No. 20 No. 9 No. 9 No. 52 ..No. 52 .No. 41 No. 20 No 20 No. 20 No. 20 No. 11 ..No. 11 No. 11 No. No. 11 No. 11 No. 11 No. 11 No. 11 No. 11 No. 11 No. 11 No. 11 No. 11 No. No. 58 .No 58 No 58 No. 58 ..No. 58 Brand Ryolite XXX... Ryolite 4-point Chisel Sa-Best-Extra Standard S. B. Steel Sandvik Saturn Seaco Extra Seaco High Speed Seaco O. H. No. 4, Non Shrink Seaco Standard Seaco Special Seaco 70-20 Section A. Auger Section B. Auger Self Hardening Self Hardening Seminole Silman Simone is Diamond Simonds Extra Simonds Frontier Simonds Frontier Special Simonds Non-Shrinking Simonds T. A. S Sisco SKF 1 SKF 3 SKF 3 Tubin SKF 6 SKF 7 SKF SKF 13 SKF 22 SKF SKF 36 SKF 50 SKF 99 SKF 100 SKF 711 SKF Carbon Seho Self -Hardening Solar Special Special (Water Harden- ing) Special Special Special Special Special Special Special Special Special Bolt Die Special Chrome-Nickel Special Chrome-Vana- dium Special! D Special Special Oil-Hardening Special Punch Special Shell Turning Special Tool Special Tool Special Vanadium Special Vanadium Special Very Hard Special No. 18 Special No. 18 Special No. 19 Spex ial No. 20 Special Van Standard Standard Standard Standard Standard Standard (Water Harden- ing) Star Zenith Stellite No. 3 Stentor Sterling Nitrard No. 1 Strauss Metal Superior Type Special alloy < Carbon Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Carbon High speed Non-deforming Carbon Carbon Special alloy Carbon Carbon Special alloy Special alloy pecial alloy Special alloy Carbon Carbon High speed High speed Non-deforming Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special all y Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Non-deforming Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Carbon Special alloy. Special alloy Carbon Carbon Carbon Carbon arbon Carbon High speed Carbon Special alloy Carbon Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Non-deforming Special alloy High speed Carbon .Carbon Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Special alloy Carbon Carbon Carbon Carbon Carbon Carbon High speed Hard alloy Non-deforming Nitrided Cemented carbide ..Carbon. ial alloy Determining Elements Si, Mn Cr AA Cr, Mn Cc, Cr, Mn Cc, Cr, Mn Cc, Cr Gar Cc, Cr, Mo Cc, Cr, Mo Cc, Ge, Ga. Cc, Cr Cr, W, V Cc. Cr, W, < Si, Mo Ww Vv Vv Ww Cr, Ni Cc, Cr Mn Si, ¢ Ww Cr, W Cr, W Ww Cr, W Ww Co, Cr, W Mr Tungsten car- bides Producer or Agent .No. 58 No. 58 No. 24 No. 20 No. 43 No. 21 No. 61 No. 61 No. 61 No. No. 61 No. 61 No. 71 No. 71 No. 20 No 7 No. 42 No 15 No. 60 No. 60 No. 60 No. 60 No. 60 No. 60 No. 63 No. 59 No. 59 Ne 59 No. 59 No. 59 No. 59 No 59 No. 59 No. 59 No. 59 No. 59 No. 59 No 59 No 59 No. 59 No. 34 No 13 No. 69 No. 13 No. 30 No 71 No. 41 No. 16 No. 38 No. 68 No. 10 No. No. 45 No. 44 No. 2 . 33-A No 5 No. 38 No. 45 No. 20 No. 20 No. 45 No. 39 No. 30 No. 35 No. 9 No. 51 No. 9 No. 9 No. 69 No. 3 No. 16 No. 10 No. 41 No 2 No. 9 No. 13 No. 32 No. 13 No. 28 No. 7 No. 44 The Age, June 16, W 24 Ww - 30 26 16 Cc Cr, W, V \: . 45 F - i Determining Producer Determining Producer Brand Type Elements Agent Brand Type Elements Agent Swedesteel D...... . Special alloy.. Visto Superior .............High speed . . SOMA S-No. No. (oil hardening). ..C, Mn, Cr, W.No. Thermo Die. ....-Special alloy..... ..No. 30 Whelco Hot Work.. .. .. ...Special alloy........W..... No. 70 Toledo (Non-Shrinking). ..Non-deforming........... ..No. 4 Woco.. ‘ hardening). Cr, Mo.. No. 1 Y Triple Express A...........High speed.........W, No. 33-A Yellow Label..............Non-deforming Twinvan High speed en ..No. 10 Z Two Star High Speed High speed Zip. ..High (high), W....No. Block Tested Hollow UB Crown .. ..Carbon. ....No. 66 hardening).......Mn, Cr, W No. 66 UHB Special...... Non-deforming (double UHB 46 ..Non-deforming .....Cr, W, Mn......No. 1 Ultra Capital... High speed . Special alloy........Cr, Co No. 38 Ultradie Non-deforming 672... ..Non-deforming.. ...C, Cr. No. 28 (oil hardening) & Ce, ¥ No. 21 821-826 . Special alloy........C, V.. No. 24 Unico Special alloy Ww No. 33-A 999 ..High speed.........Co. No. 34 Tool Steels Types and Applications PRODUCER PRODUCER CARBON APPLICATIONS or AGENT CARBON APPLICATIONS or AGENT A Best. P Taps, chisels, cutters...........No. 6 Acorn (Water Hardening .Tools.... ..No. 63 Bethlehem XCL.. -.No. 5 Drill steel ..No. 26 Bethlehem XXX Special. ...No. 5 Black Label Cast (Extra)... Blue Anchor Drill drills, reamers, etc........No. 1292—The Iron Age, June 16, 1932 weeee anu on PRODUCER CARBON APPLICATIONS AGENT Carbomang (Cast) dies and machinery parts.No. ..No. Class P.. .. and dies, engraved dies, trimming and cutting dies, Colonial Special No. purposes. No. Comet (Water Hardening) reamers, dies for blanking, trimming, forming, cold head- Crane (Water Hardening)... .. Cold chisels...... .. ..-No. 9 Crusca New Process Hollow Dukane Drill Rod..............Small tools and parts No. 52 Dukane Cold Small tools and Duro (Double High turning tools, dies for draw- ing brass tubing..............No. Excel Hollow Drill.............Rock drills.......... No. Extra dies, shear blades......No. 7 Extra... cece ce Shear blades, cold chisels, etc....No. 16 Extra (Water Hardening)......Taps, reamers, drills, dies for blanking, trimming, forming, cold heading, etc. Extra taps, reamers, etc. . No. 36 Extra Quality .................Pumnch and die and general tool Extra Special..................Cold trimming dies, punches, blanking dies ee ...No. 30 Cutters, drills, broaches, dies, etc. ...No. 20 Extra Warranted..............Dies, taps, ..No. First Quality. and die and general tool FJAB Extra... General tool and die No. FJAB Hollow Drill.............Mining, quarrying, construction work.... No. 46 FJAB tool and No. FJAB Rolled Auger............Mining soft ores, anthracite coal, etc.. ; No. 46 FJAB Solid Drill Mining, quarrying, construction Folder Die... baa Brake dies and forming tools No. 44 Frasse Tempers A. B. and C. No. 29 Green Label....... .. Chisels, punches, etc... . No. 3€ Green Label Cast (Special) and No. PRODUCER CARBON APPLICATIONS AGENT Invincible Drill Rod ew 06 ow No. 36 General purposes No. Kronos... No. 29 La Belle Eagle Cutters,drills, dies and hammers No. 20 Latrobe... General purposes ..No. 68 General Tools. . . .No. 3 MACCO Certified (Water Hard- ening) General purposes No. McInnes Special (High Carbon) Small tools for deep hardening No. 44 Milo.... ‘ Flogging and contractor's tools, scarifier 33-A Chisels and track tools No. Monaca Drill Rod Small tools and parts No. Monaca Cold Drawn Small tools and parts No. 52 P as Tools, etc. No. 50 Park Silver. ........ Cutters, drills, broaches, dies, etc. ‘ No. 20 Peerless Extra .... No. 20 Penco 7 Tools and dies .. No. 51 Planet Drill Rod .. Drill rods No. Poldi Brand 4.... General tools, cold work dies, stamps, punches No. 53 Poldi EZH General shop tools, cold work dies, stamps, punches No. Pompton Tools and dies , No. 42 Pure-Ore Drill Rod Taps, twist drills, reamers, punches. ... No. 40 Pure-Ore Special .. A Dies and special tools No. 40 Red Anchor No. 3 Red Anchor Drill Rod Anvils, dental tools, spindles, precision shafts for motors No. € Regular P Granite points, cold sets No. 7 Regular Tool . Tools, dies and parts No. 45 Red Star General purposes No. Regular Tool Cutters, drills, broaches, dies, etc. 20 Reliance Drill Rod Small tools and parts 52 Reliance Cold Drawn Small tools and parts . $2 Rita Electric Tool Tools, rock drills, chisels, et« No. 11 Rita Extra Tool Taps, dies, punches, etc No. 11 Rita Special Tool Taps, dies, punches, et< No. 11 Rita Standard Drill Rod Taps, reamers, punches, pins, No. 11 Rita Standard Tool Tools, rock drills, die blocks No. Il R lite Diamond B. Crowbars, sledges, et< No. 5 Ryolite X Blackamiths tools No. 58 Sa-Best-Extra Standard Tools, dies... .. No. 24 Seaco Extra Chisels, rock drills, tools, etc No. 61 Seaco Standard Chisels, rock drills, etc. No. 61 Seaco Specia! Tools and No. Section A. Auger ‘ Mining drills... No. 71 Section Auger Mining No. Simonds Diamond Cutting tools... No. Simonds Extra Cutting tools, keen edge No. 60 SKF Carbon Stamping, cold heading, trim- ming dies. pa No. 59 The Iron Age, June 16, 1932—1293 a ) : : lew : | | 33 4 71 30 24 . ~ 62 CARBON Special (Water Hardening) .. Standard Standard Standard Standard (Water Hardenin Superior Swedesteel A Tennessee Special Timken Special Triangle x Toledo Extra Toledo Special Toledo Superior Tool UB Crown UHB UHB Header Unito Drill Rod Very Best Washington Weldo Whelco Standard. Whelco Superior White Label Yellow Label Yellow Label Cast (Very Best) Ziveo. Ziv’s Block Tested Hollow Drill. Ziv's Solid Drill 000 (Double Extra HIGH-SPEED Albion Special High Speed Arrow High Speed (W). Baltoc (Cobalt) Bethlehem Comokut High Speed (Co, Cr, Ww, V) Bethlehem Special (Cr, (High Speed) B-F High Speed Blue Chip Bonded Carbide B-6 (C, Cr, W, V) B-7 (C, Cr, W, V, Co) B-9 Cr, W, \ Mo) PRODUCER AGENT ..No. 69 ..Taps, reamers, drills, dies for APPLICATIONS blanking, trimming, forming, cold heading, etc., jigs and fixtures No. 13 . Taps, dies and reamers No. 30 Taps, reamers, etc... . No. 71 General tools.... .. ..No. 41 Dies, punches, taps, et« . No. 16 Tools and dies ..No. 21 Cutters, drills, broaches, dies, etc. No. 20 Tools, dies and parts ; No. 45 Punches and dies .. .No. 30 Mandrels, forming rolls, ham- mers, etc. No. 16 20 General tools ...-No. 41 Tools and di« No. 21 No. 9 General tools, dies and hear blades No. 44 Rock drills and « te busters .No. 49 ynere No. 64 Rock drill pistons, etc. No. 66 .No. 4 No. 4 ..No. 4 Drills, chisels, crowbars, etc... ..No. 36 Cold heading dies, stamping dies and punches... <i ...No. 66 Dies for cold heading, embossing, trimming and swedging Cold heading dies Cutting tools General tools No. Re-steeling picks, etc. No. 33-A No. 70 so General blacksmith tools No. 33 Dies, tools ..No. 33 Tools and dies .No. 37 Sledges, pick points Mining drills ‘ -No. 71 .Mining drills Dies and punches No. Intricate tools, broaches, draw- ing and threading dies ..No. 1 Tools and die .