The Iron Age 1931-05-07: Vol 127 Iss 19

RON ACE May 7, 1931 Has the Small Plant a Future 1499 Electric Welded Pipe Mills 1502 Recovering Scrap and Cutting Oil 1508 Producticn Control of Small Parts 1512 Pressed Metal Work in Radio Parts 1519 Die Castings Made of Brass 1522 April Pig Iron Production 1546 Dr. Haney’s Page 1551 Ww Ww Ww New Equipment 1525 News 1539 Personals and Obituaries 1549 Editorials 1552 Markets 1555 Construction and Equipment Buying 1576 i WE DO THE THRESHING When we look about and note the tremendou ft publications in the last 20 years writes an Ohi manutacturer } ; ur ‘ is that thers yw 4 HE man who reads The Iron Age saves himself the threshing operation. Our dragnet brings in sufficient material every week to fill a publica tion several times the size of The Iron Age. The editor's ability is measured no less by what he leaves out of his paper than by what he puts into it. Some of the acid tests are: “Does the informa tion give the reader information he can use to ad- vantage?” ‘Does it cover matter that cannot easily be obtained elsewhere, if at all?” -A.H.D THE NEW DEPARTURE BALL BEARINGS IRON AGE Page The 30 MAY 7, 1931 f Madison, Wisconstr re ratio talk of the tool room has N-D-Seals This little grinder, not much larger than a fountain pen, is being discussed with interest in the ranks of tool- and die-makers. They talk of its speed and smoothness... of its lightness and portability. Air is the driving force and the one rotating part is carried on N-D-Seal Bear- ings. Dirt and grit cannot enter these bearings because New Departure protects them with accurate, woven felt seals. N-D-Seals are more than straight radial bearings, for they have generous capacity for thrust and combination loads as well. And they are extremely easy to install in any product. Half a million of them are performing with conspicuous success in a wide range of applications. The New Departure Manufacturing Company, Bristol, Connecticut; Detroit, Chicago, San Francisco and London. NEXT WEEK N expanding use A of steel is shown in the equipment now more and more used by building contrac- tors. A business has developed out of hav- ing in store more or less standardized scaf- tolding of metal that may be quickly erected and used over ind over again. The demand is a response to the desire to reduce the amount of inflam- mable material at a building in process of construction and _ to provide devices to protect life and prop- erty. Next issue will supply an interesting study of the subject. Small Plants Will Not Disappear Mergers Are Not Life Preservers Layer of Flux Anneals Pipe Welds s Electrically Welded Pipe Is Made Oversize Pasteurizes Reclaimed Cutting Oil to Eliminate Infection Chip Wringing and Crushing Pays Dividends x Case in Each Department Shows Work to Be Done on Parts Annealing Eliminates Residual Magnetism MAY 7, 1931 Dies for Brass Die Castings Must Withstand Severe Service How the Small Plant Can Fight Big Plant Competition Cutting Carriage with 14 Tools Bevels Plate Edges Chips Removed by Special Crew Flat Springs Formed at Rate of 34,000 an Hour Saves Machining Cost with Brass Die Castings Economically Low Inventory Carried with Safety THE IRON AGE MAY 7, 193] Page 32 THE J&L TANGENT DIE | for , value received y r The rapidly growing ac- JAIL, ceptance of the JQL Tan- JONES & LAMSON gent Die, recently an- nounced by Jones & Lamson Machine Co,, is gratifying proof that this tool is meeting the de- mands for economy which are claimed for it. For accuracy in high pro- duction, for long wear, for economy on a basis of the cost per screw, for value received, the JQL Tangent Die is a tool which com- mends itself to all shops producing quality screw threads. JONES & LAMSON MACHINE CO. SPRINGFIELD, VT. eae .. THE IRON AGE .. New York, May 7, 1931 ESTABLISHED 1855 VOL 127 N eee en rt 9 A FUTURE: By BURNHAM FINNEY Detroit Editor, The tron Age IEFWING the ontinued trend toward the Su ‘ merger of already large mpanies into st disc¢ me hope and encourage! larger corporations, thi sual observ: for t Briefly. t] perhaps thinks that individual enterpriss is that tl ma ! hic] intel] rapidly being crushed. The chain stores seem to managed, wl trade ation end gaining at the expense of the independent me with it ing petitor which Know chant, chain banks are forging to the front in the na tne iu financial world and in the manufacturing field the ncentrate ergi ind resources d small plant faces the competition of a General Ek 1 quality art ntinue to have tric, a General Motors or a Standard O Wi In automobiles, General Motors and Ford ar A tt fact, the msolida ipplying 75 per cent of the market In electric re five companies gy giant not ak frigeration five or six companies make 90 to 95 pe bing Aladd imp and thereby gaining med cent of the total output. One might recite the sit itely highe vreater efficien nd iation in various other industries, repeating the the t ite sil ’ same story with monotonous regularit The then iti ' roblen Writi may well ask, “Is there no hope for the small manu Executives S« B tin of the Metr facturer? Is American industry to become entirs ira H. W. Phel resident \) an impersonal sort of thing, fron hich has beet \ \ eliminated the individual initiative ar enterpris« \ und frequently in the small plant a An Mr HE numerous successful small plants in the metal-working industries belie the somewhat general t belief that they are being supplanted by large corporations through mergers and consolidations They are successful because they are well-managed, know their costs and price their products accord ingly, have modern equipment, pay special attention to quality and supply a personal service to customer which is beyond the reach of their huge competitors However, there are pitfalls to be avoided. The small plant owner cannot afford to sit in a corner by himself and refuse to participate in trade association activities. He should not look upon what the large corporation does as merely frills and fads, but should put a question mark after every new process or idea, investigating its applicability to his own business. Self-satisfaction, which tempts him to doze when he should be alert, is his greatest enemy 1499 Hye eS iding 1 he if Own yetne ys ant OK yer a vy, the trend still is toward tewe) sundries However, many foundrymen believe that the well managed small toundry need no ear for its f They point to the fact, for instance, that wher itomobile manufacture} want experimental work ne, the do not tu to the produ on foundry l » the ma ne equipper quality work Q ic] isi01 he "¢ premiun iob done oI i . ! tse] ! mit ! n Io rré f the } ‘ ‘ ] the larws | mall found) } } hod What a Small Tool Company Did ‘ | ne ror Lule i 4 | iv res |: rh al é 1) } ‘ m do lr auditin ‘ } S ( ce VW ( V4 \ re } satisfied i n ey eem to be [f large } } 1 ! improve ( hi I panies I ae ne same. \\ ! YD f ed nen e! t ( La\ l iamin t) ( . ne method ad ll ou l ‘ ! kK} Lt r\ resulted I ! id lie i¢ "We ak lé¢ 1a en t mie a ! ( ( ! We have é ] vy opportunity to participate in profits. We maintain close contact with our customers. When they deal with us, they deal with the head of the firm, not ith a subordinate. They feel, therefore, that they ire getting the personal attention which cannot be secured in doing business with a large corpora [ believe that the exceptional qual yu? product is due to its manufacture by a small, close -knit organization, each member of which is pe sonally interested in its success. The workmai pay check doesn’t come from someone known to hin nly by name, but from the man who is in daily co tact with him out in the shop, making iggest ind giving him a word of encouragement ‘he touches which mean so much to the morale of an o) yanization are conspicuously absent from a lars yrporatior Therefore. | an the inion tl ma plant odav na ist I l time ? tS NIS ) This eXeCull ve Sno} ne tne} i 4 mpanie toda nas n qery ] ( ( ‘ mu experi ‘ VOrKINY nditions fo emplovee t se | ears end ‘ é istor estab hme! Successful Small Maker of Jigs ‘ : Ble. sniai ee oe ae In a fleld where thers +s Intenst ’ , 1 +; ' trid inufacture ol ys, hxtures and tner tool ) ountl problen juipment IS an outstandingly su ' , 1 1: eS¢ 4 i é e dup! Asked to explain ts abllity to make money vine a2 ated a l! ed-] 1, Dut the repetitior I what vii many others were having trouble in making end ‘ 1] ‘ , , lali\ ne same r\ WOUILC I yrow ed l ; ’ meet, the general manager told the story of | V tne To ' he answe} ne interrogation at the beginning ol shop had kept cost records from the da t went int , ‘ rst f i Has the small plar iturs 1 business some 16 vears ago, how its estimates T +} . t 4/7 T ) jobs in the last 10 vears had missed actual sts | : | } y t | ‘ +} » , lat , . = . , ‘ f ira l f I iti less than 0.5 per cent and how it had had the ; ; ‘ ? t ' ted t? iv? pu nes real ‘ pnette! age to retrain trom ut-throat mett as vne! ; $ . i t ( eal i [ t merger 1s not I itsell knew that its competitors were making ds } . i { top It ii¢ I tnat future ( ns da idal prices ; ] ns 4 lene ( more tnal evel pewrore ipon nD said that his com n\ st rted ; \ +} +} He ald na nN mpan arted l \ I ne tus advantage ‘ be gained i} lower roduct or nviction that + 1 makers » Qe} t workme! | , nviction tha ool makers are excell rkme} sts. eliminatior f duplication in selling effort but inferior salesmen. Cap iz this id t | , T ut inferior salesmen. apitalizings lis idea, a ind cutting down of administrative expenses The sold its services an oa zation to its 34 ws ; old 1 ervice aS an OrygvaniZa u me! vill not eo thi vn together so hastilv as in the past That is, it is not content to take a1 der for a jig ; Second, the position of the small independent bus ess seems to be improving. Last year there were ewer failurs f independent retail stores than 1: é +a. . . . , . | he previous years A recent study of small manufacturing establishments in the metropolitan New York area revealed the surprising fact that the imber has increased rather than decreased Third, the small plant’s success is dependent pri marily upon good management It should not look ipon what the large company does as mere frills o1 fads. When Chevrolet or National Cash Registe: adopts new method, the small plant should not dismiss it without examination on the presumpti that it nnot be adapted to its needs It should put a g stion mark atter every new process and i! estigate hether it 1s applicable to its business High Skill of Average Workman I t he small plant must watch it ts, n I late mact f n ta ! f moder? ‘ lipme! must I Ke Sure tnat it selling its p! ! ict at a profit, must pay special attention to qualit ipply that personal service to its cus (¢ ded on page 1518) The Iron Age, May 7, 1931—1501 NEW PIPE MILLS AT McKEESPORT WORKS OF Pipe-forming department pposite page! Pipe leaving 10,000-ton hydraulic press which is closed in next operation with plate planer at extreme right All of this work was done in the short space of 18 months, without interference with regular operations, ind there was no appreciable loss of tonnage during the transition period. ( While most of the new equipment has yone int National works, the enlargement of Christy Park rKS In the Same city formed an Important and inter ting part of the program. An entirely new depart ent has been set up here for the manufacture ot large-diameter electrically welded pipe, the production uch commenced July 22, 1930. Welding is done on automatic machines—30 in imber—after the blanks in the shape of plates have een processed far enough so that the welding com the job. These machines make pipe from 14 lt to 30 in. in diameter, in 40-ft. lengths. Two ad- j litional machines, with range from 24 in. to 72 in. in diameter, in 30-ft. lengths, extend tne field into the largest sizes. In this and succeeding articles will be treated the three main elements involved in the new equipment. yne article will cover the steel-making process and the formed into circular cross-section with narrow gap at top In middle distance (above the ends of two pipes lying in fore- ground) is the first hydraulic press, from which the blank comes in hydraulic press, from which the blank emerges practic ally circular in form, as shown on next page, at top. aa em bee) 1502—The Iron Age, May 7, 1931 somewhat distorted section. At left is the second +. By SIDNEY G. KOON Associate Editor, THE IRON AGE, New York NATIONAL TUBE CO. nm & EMAND for large-diameter pipe for long-distance pipe lines has been so heavy that the new electrically welded pipe department of the National Tube Co. has been operating both day and night. This plant makes pipe from steel plates in lengths of about 40 ft., passing the pipe through in a virtually straight line from point of receipt of plates to the shipping platform. The electric welding operation itself is performed in a battery of 30 machines. Allowing for the time required to slip the pipe back from the machines and load another b!ank in, these machines have capacity for about four miles of pipe a day Vv wT WwW nuire nev a ment is arrange all traigh rolling of the rounds ready for seamle At sible Another article will describe the ies n s ‘ ! The present article is concerned with electrica —— nment in welded pipe equipment and operations sth aes . 1) “ aa lev! r ( Electric W elding Plant at Christy Park aide “i wis A* electric welding process in use by the National forming the ate In 4 Tube Co. at the Christy Park works, in turn velder ding the edges ing out electrically welded pipe from steel plate ery 1) weldin mact Plate planer in pipe-forming department (Below The carriage on which operator is riding screw, while the plate is held firmly by air clamps l! The I irl tne il ne tron il the ntire 4 it Vy dlag! ide traightent received, a cl Le planing al r ries of tw yresse ape ot a pipe K togetnel! and a at or the final ait is actuated by the large lead The Iron Age, May 7, 1931—1503 Finishing ends of pipe so that it may receive a coupling and make a tight joint. Both ends are machined at one set up, before the pipe goes to the hydraulic testing outfit B} Te Plate Is Beveled on Lower Edges [ ! reparil } ne Si i: a - eran from the blast machine, the plate is { - : again lowered to a horizontal plane, shifted side- Va on a table, and passes into the planing or edge- mming macnine. Here both edges are beveled ma ; Imultaneously while the plate is held stationary, and aaa magnet he two cutting carriages move along its edges. Air- money erated clamps hold the plate rigidly, n position .' sv he bevel is taken off on the lower side of the plate . rather than the upper, so that it is unnecessary to tur! — re ee he plate over afterward 1 eS hi Each cutting carriage ha 14 tools so set that eacl am ; , . ceeding tool takes a cut about 0.003 in deepe} = : than the preceding one. In this way the chips taken off are of moderate size and the whole functioning is filting Plate for Cleaning very smooth. The carriages with their cutting tools Heretofore the plate has been in a_horizonta are traversed the length of the plate by means ot and ente} the blast ma arge lead screws in the base of the machine. The t 45 deg n th position operator rides on the carriage with the tools and has blast n the lower face by means of fine stee easy control through push buttons. liameter of about 0.02 ind throw} Continuing along the same line of travel, the t rreat re Thi peral takes beveled and accurately sized plate now reaches the ind leaves the surta eal At the first hydraulic forming press. This has a double a e al such that tt tion, first giving the plate a crimping effect near th if Set ral edges, and then with the center ram forming it int Bs Aan a, ae ren. [ ' ENERAL layout of the electric-welded pipe depart aoe =: ment. Incoming pipe, unloaded near left end, follows — — Je ——> the arrows generally toward the right to the shipping | |] ed point. Several digressions are made from the straight 4 line, notably for the automatic welding machines, for ¢ < | 4 4 4 inspection and for the finishing processes on the pipe ends Vv wr Ye 1504—The Iron Age, May 7, 1931 Pipe-testing department, showing hydrostatic testing machine in background at right and inspection table at left. Powerful lights at the far end permit careful inspection of interior of pipe the preliminary round section This press exerts machi na long row parallel to the line of progres a a ; i total force of /50 tons. vhich the material has been making up to this point > ; + + ‘ ‘ } ; } } 1; y A second hydraulic press, of 10,000 tons capacity, But ! ne interes saving length in the building ' ' . . . } 1 ? y - } | « ‘ lorh takes the blank from the first press and forms it int the welding peration takes place at right angles t practically the final circular shape. It leaves this the original direction of movement of the pipe in prov press with the two beveled edges n 24-in. pipe, fo — nererore he pipe Is picked up by meat nstance about 1! it ipart double tongs depending from the crane, is turned . ; throus 90 deg., and is deposited on the approac! From the second press the form passes to a series table ne of the welding machine t tackwelders, in which the two edges are pressed nto contact by means of clamps actuated by al i : . “ie futomatic H elding at Predetermined Rate vlinders. Then a tack weld, every 2 ft. roughly applied, to hold the edges togethe ! This welding ‘Loo machines use current of about 600 ampere done with current of about 250 amper: It is mere nd 32 t Each welding machine has it v1 means to Maintain the shape and edge ntact of tne yenerato} ind eac! f the 15 motors actuate tw embryo pipe until it can be finally velded and con yeneratol ine batte! of 15 motor-generator et pleted Its effects ale mmplete ly masked DV tne sul is | iced ! pr Kimit to the itadoor tran equent iutomatl eld muck rhe, r) f thre t I I r ming nig itaye iY densit\ ent er Leaving the ta elidel t ( tur \ U! ent machine asses unde! t he be through 90 eg nm pas I n t { ! ron i erhead hoppe1 ! vhict weld ny machine} ne il'é »U | T I eel aced lt flux if tea ‘ a = | ' > ~ | . . a ( j n ‘ 7 \ } ‘ n + >; 7 - ~ b b b~b - ' - } }— { — A *$ 5 vf 4 > $ bp} SLY ‘ - L, > 4 y Sa aa - “ } - & 7 ~ ~ oe ~ ~ - , > o - J 4 ws < The Iron Age. May 7. 1931 1505 upon the seam in a ridge perhaps %4 in. high and 112 in. wide. A few inches ahead of the boot is the welding wire. The line to be welded has the familiar V-section, from the bevel cuts made on the plate in i tne edge planer Welding takes place under the cover of the layer flux, a development brought out by the National Tube Co. Consequently not only is the surface (at the high temperature it reaches) protected from the air and consequent oxidation, but also, through the flux, the ? metal becomes annealed in traversing the next few presence of the insulating layer of weld General view of electric welding department in left foreground nes I it progress A suction device about a foot eyond the point of welding draws off the remnants of the fi) x*} } +} } , , r)< it thr or} Hux Vy a 1uS been used, passes 1t tnrougn ult ipe, and discharges 1t outside. Weldit \ made by the American Steel & Wir \ » Ul » 16 I { mete nd the el Clal US¢ Suis iPpe ne I T l Wi? I T ainec Y n ] { oes } i t ly S l ¢ mploved becaus . thei) rea fFHnit , I"} 1} er ’ tT? new 4 1 y ‘ t t ‘ 4 vy ¢ I { i St i I ] ( ? T i? ES } ! eT) 4 it iengt I Tie emel! ‘T t n¢ | nnectl t tne eneratol hing the current, thus completing the circuit. ( y 1 7 Y t kine T “TY ‘ va Tr ’ yy Water Keé re iCKIN¢ Strip and tne nor! tself from getting too hot and burning away The - +} : — uf ree ] arriage on which the pipe rests during the welding 1506—The Iron Age, May 7, 1931 The welding machines are under the crane girder at right. Each piece is picked up by the crane and turned 90 deg process is moved forward by a screw feed at a pre- determined rate, varying somewhat with conditions. To leave the welder, the pipe is run back over its course, and thus slid off the horn, which does not have to be moved. Rigid inspection follows the welding. As first Thus, a 24-in. pipe will be about 2414 in. in diameter. It is passed then through a 10,000-ton hydraulic siz- ing press, which contracts it enough to take off the excess diameter, and gives it the final circular sec- tion, for as it comes from the welder it is slightly This straightening and forming operation formed, the pipe is somewhat oversize. elliptical. Pipe approaches on the runways to feed into the welding machine. thus the means ol producing pipe which is DotTN traight and of exact diameter. Completing the Product for Shipment eee the pipe with other types ot pipe. includes several processes, as One thing done here, * which does not have to be done with fire weld r seamless pipe, consists in taking off the excess weld al for about 8 in. at each end of the pipe, so ay take a pipe coupling. Over all the rest of he length the weld metal stands out above the outsid liameter of the pipe In a uniform ridge perhaps 1,16 gh, and there is also a ridge of similar character, it smaller, on the inside of the pipe. These customa ly are not removed, as they are no detriment to the Facing and beveling the ends of the finished pipe ire performed on a number of machines, each having in operating unit at each end. Both ends are treated After the facing and beveling, all pipes are run through a testing machine, of which simultaneously. there are two in use, designed to furnish from 600 t ng passed for shipment, is given a primer ating 2500 lb. pressure of water. While under pressure, the rotective material, to serve for transportation pipe is subjected to hammering from a set of ten ham- poses onl This is much thinner than the coating wl mers each striking a definite blow, all in the interest t | receive in the field, if is be line of determining that the pipe is suited to stand uw reparat t s being buried in the eartl it inder its destined work. howe tect the rface while the pipe Pipe having gone through all this process, and be ivy to its dest Resistance of Aluminum Steels and Aluminum-Coated Steel to Oxidation at High Temperature N an investigation I al iminum coat Ss ¢ »} \ nit Vitn Tt! iu im nt { Hauttmann (Stah d EKisen, Jan. 15, 1931 No. 5 wa rou { ipe instead of being turne +a9 } ° +< . ‘ . oy , studied the resistance fr a series ron-a Pests n nde} f Arme : illoys to atmosph«i ri xidatior it 1350 | ‘ es ‘ nas nm hatha of G2 4 QO Alloys were prepared from Armco iron and 50 to 60 a See wa heen ian I ! , Ww Ve ! t i ’ ‘ ‘ i er cent Ié rroal minum proauced Vv i Sing JS Py } ! AL] } . ) \ er cent aluminun th Arn ! } f Sra nt + ; ; ‘ ractories § a ma all [ yO) + +4 ) ‘ l Led rredients ne rat I x1datiol I ! , test 1 } vig } ] } » rically neateda turl LSoU ae rl , me ? r ~ 1? ' t ? icTrea I tr) i al re l til rn} t t ’ + ‘ 4 : . 18 , ; ’ y ? ‘ : ’ ra i } peratul 4 ) ‘ ‘ “ I tes {t, . ‘ } +T ’ T r : } et ©) f} Sami ‘\ Z ) he Fe-A ! while N I e held. [he re rkKa } 2 ‘ 4 + 1 ‘ X atl ? re ra 1 } J . i Ty y l 7) ‘ , ine t 1} } y ] ~ +) rn ‘ ifr i é i ' , } } Irs tnre¢ Té l I ‘ t rs” ry } i nx tT l i i rr x aes =~ ry rays Ne t t redadls! vnite t \ te minun ridk I) ' ' aa A . ‘ "4 = + i} are re ] 3 } + + ’ ) er1lor he ‘ ilu rit . ras DD? Té¢ TIO?! t I , 4 j T Y ? y 1 ¢ , . : a I i i WV | t (*} ; ¢ 4 y ine 30] g oat : ! nt? T ? ) ry 4 ‘ Once a a ible : y ’ ] vy y ( 1e@s ar kKeé : . th, ist 1 ' } ‘ _ ‘ +} L lt is ip to + el ‘ i Pant , ‘ y ; y +} ? illiovs follows t! iw of mixt he} é ‘ eldabili centrations the densit ind exces e calculate } e} , rkir \ lf Naturall ! [ tte? ! aim! ne i I 7 e! he ( t lim t} limit , t y ¢ y hot ; +h, Fort — voiume é uum! s f ] ry 7c. r : ronort f +) liyt sil, ne F y thers 4 era y wea on ry? ‘ ‘ protection [he Strengtn i rie I 5 I all La i I I areé ral page ; ‘ } ; tify th nar y ry ates | é ; ¢ ror for ; i. ‘ > iC] iS to JUSUII a f i if ior a i ] » 4 E : ‘ y 2 y y lot tne alr ec oled Sam pie N . 2 id l ] 4 ime ’ rié le The lron Age, May 7, 1931 1507 SCRAP HANDLED AND CUTTIN OIL RECOVERED ECONOMICALL By E. S. WOLSTON, PLANT ENGINEER SKF Ball G Roller Bearing Co Hartford, Conn 5 PFICIEN] d oduct, th a $. Lo return the reclaimed oil to the ma- chines in a clean and sanitary condition. 5. Finally, to prepare the turnings so that teral they may be easily loaded on cars at our hi t executivs ne ther railroad siding and so that they will be f the maintenance al nt e) in a form that will command the maxi- mum selling price. S productive and one non-productive depart nt namely, the toolroom, are serviced. These ce eel turnings are . rest artments contain more than 100 machines, including ir turning lathe single and multiple-spindle aut a7 mt { Scrap p) t e! mati re\ machine sphering and chamfering th turret lathes, and the lathes, millers, shapers, the toolroom and on cast-iron housing rk Although turnings and chips are removed reg irlv from all of these machines, recovery of cutting ‘ nfined largely to the turnings from the auto rew machine departments, in which there are 1. lo kee D all mat hines serviced free from f resent 24 n tiple-s} indle and 19 sinvle spindl large accumulations of turnings, which are hing I} hit mntaining the chip crushi Nol only unhandy fo thre Operators but alse i reclaiming equipment 18S located central! it! dangerous and unsightly he departments serviced 2 lo Separate the work from the turnings Q 1" mt ed ! nuously it | e} ‘ 3 lo extract from the furnings fhe maxX ev Phres I them service tli machine tools; two mum amount of ol, ited the } ) ' t ‘ r« the oil re e) 1508 The Iron Age. Mav 7, 1931 and chip crushing operations; and one is assigned to the centrifuging, heating and pumping of the re aH ae & claimed oil. The sixth man is used also for wheeling chips from the shop into the chip room The same * E couldn't afford not to do crew handles chips from all machining departments it,” was the comment of }. W. Renee em = gieorgean ee : a hie ~ MacMorris, factory manager of the SKF ai ee ee ree a Ball & Roller Bearing Co., Hartford, posited automatically in an overhead storage hop from which they are loaded at intervals directly int Conn., in discussing with visiting engi- railroad cars, neers the scrap handling and oil reclaim- The first step in the servicing work is torking th ing system outlined in this article. neta - at ae a ne re ee This remark means more, however, ahpaiae asidelatiia. a’ Gimais-se Wide dies abide than direct profit on investment. In tinuously at this work, as previously stated, and thi addition to the lower handling costs, ea da) reduced carloading expense, and other Wevigghvach oe ngs ar pond 3) i : P boxes t] savings, the equipment installed, par- ssciciedl Wee Monta sie: shell Ss: eae deitnaeala: ee ticularly the chip storage hopper and its by sizes and lots. Several mechanical methods fon conveyor, has brought definite returns separating the work and the chips have been tried out in better plant housekeeping, with all but so far with little success. Mechanical ne that means in cleanliness and safety. is dificult because of the tena is character hrome steel chips, which have a tendency to mat and eo inclose the rings machines are The chip boxes employed were adopted after expe) menting with various types. The bottom and sides of elting nd grooved pulleys It 1s equipped wit! these boxes, which are 36 in. long, 18 in. wide and 16 juick-acting hand-type brake and a clutch pulle in. high, are made of No. 14 gage black sheet stee which permits use of a standard, stock, squirrel- and all seams are welded. They have three strap-iro1 nduct riving motor with push-button magnet runners on the bottom The ends of the middle switc) nti rhe brakes are interlocked with the runner are extended to the he box and tern electri ! t \ tated in the maker’s catalog, the nate in eyes for receiving the hooks on the carryall v ned t ip the ndlir used to transport the boxes of chips. A lower eys receives the hooks of the lifting beam, enabling tl operator to dump tl nto t ri basket The tw vhe iV) ised to p nm the i n DOXE Ul rings Nave bet removed xes being wheeled he di to the chi} nd oil 1 mation depa) vi nvenient located adjacent to the ‘ailroad siding I} room the boxes are arranged in a definite order await ing the next step in the process, which is the sepat \) t the tne ec! Oil Recovered by Centrifugal Extracto For this operation a Tolhurst 48-i: enter-sluns hip wringer, now manufactured under tl mtr the DeLaval Si r ( New York ' [he chi] nis ! } [ i OXeS ( Ket ! ne rye } t ' There is ! al as t é + tnat dl I t I nt wast [-bear necting . - 24. S- ie Dry crushed chips are elevated into the 78-ton capacity ee storage hopper by means of a bucket conveyor. Cars t rect nt on the railroad siding are loaded by gravity through the p. motor through Texrop hinged steel chute The Tron Age. May 7, 1931—1509 1510 The Iron ige, May betor (, 1931 ( rere the nips to buckets above the | e 1 aft the elevating conveyor. Crushed chips dropping from lower part of crush¢ nto a steel chute trom which they pass to a contin uucket elevator This elevator is operated by ( e link belt and delivers the chips to an elevated f rage hopper that has a capacity of 3000 cu. ft is equivalent of more than two carloads n the siding are loaded by gravit { hinged steel chute which is lowered when n positior \ counterweight and latch at ngen serves to hold the chute in place whil nd to hold it against the de of the hoppe | ter storage opper, as well as the elevating t by the Jeffrey Mfg. Co., Columbus. ) r angie-lron supporting legs were de ed } d of 33 tons each with concrete step +55 e the load on the b-soil to less that ' LOO ¢ {ft ru ( } » | ) vhniel s greatel quireme} lriven by meal GBO0-) ’ oO! t-speed llrrel-cage 11 } lrive countershaft thre h Vy . | ae, + the ele ite ‘ rom the itsid ron ladders itor | it nd frame extending ) n idl ! ected DY l ( rol heets which al flashed ti } The shaft and the countershaft a1 ring split pillow blocks. . Becau i icieamidslieed of the take-up feature, the foot shaft is set in plaii pasteurizing of the s intended, of Irse elimi bearings. nate cutting-oil infectio the hands and Reclaimed Oil Cleaned and Returned to Machines I tomy outlined the flow of scrap, from the n to the inlet Sharples No. 6 Super ( chine tools to the railroad cars, and the per vhicl moves the fine chips and sludg sonnel and equipment employed in this service activit) assed through tl strainer previ it remains to mention the operations and equipment This s ore illects the inside of the wil. wi onnected with reclaiming the utting oil recover‘ leant The vertical spindle and aH wae Boxes of chips are wheeled across the driveway to the chip and oil reclamation department shown in plan and elevation on the opposite page. The central loca- tion of this department as regards both the main department serviced and the chip storage hopper at the railroad sid- ing shortens the distance traveled in carting the chips Oil from the chip wringer flows to an intermediate tank and is pumped to the overhead dirty-oil tanks; it is then cen- trifuged and stored in the clean-oil tank located under the overhead tanks as shown in the elevation view. At inter vals the clean oil is pumped back to the + omg = 156 sbabececenneanannes machine tools. The chip baskets used in the chip wringer, shown at the right, hold 11'2 bushels; from the wringer the dry chips pass to the chip crusher, are crushed, and elevated automatically into the storage hopper. vr wT WW from the scrap. Then, a brief exposition of the a he onal nine driven by belt fron - vantages accruing from the entire scrap handling it 3600-r.p.m. motor and runs at 18,000 r.p.m. At pre stallation might prove of interest. nt ire centrifuging 600 gal., or 14% tanks of , ; 7 ; i day The time consumed in centrifuging one tanh Oil recovered by the chip wringer flows by gravit) ’ , r 400 15 mi to a small intermediate storage tank from which it pumped through a strainer to cylindrical “dirty-oil”’ b ; : ‘6,1 he rectangulal eal il tank fre whic storage tanks mounted over the rectangular lean ink [rom l “199 1 1: . : turned at intervals to the automatic screw mi: oil” tank. The dirty-oil tanks, two of them, have a c: : 1utoma I ‘ rY motor-driven rec Iprot ating pun pacity of 400 gal. each. Each is heated by 40 West : ‘ On ’ sdieaieds ‘Dead “ae ae: ol ; yhouse 1250-watt space heaters, a total of 50 kw inghouse 125 itt Space heaters, a , : Present Scrap Handling System Proves Economica! per tank, which are strapped to the outside. In add a Not only in direct expense reduction, but tion, each tank is equipped with a compressed air line ; . ; : sd . ‘ oor space, better plant housekeeping an for the purpose of agitating the oil and to aid in the : s : ; articulars has the scrap-handling oil-reclaiming circulation. Manholes, gage glasses and thermometers 7 > : rY ] ead a ? é ‘ yr a r are provided, and the tanks are insulated with 1-in . ' a 1 In the twelve-mont riod ended De L, 192 magnesium blocks over which is spread a plastic ir : . 41 rvice iepartment hnandied and cr! ned 13842 sulation with canvas cover. ns « teel turnings, the sale of whicl rou Our present practice calls for filling the dirty-oil $11,890. Although in the past year the market } storage tanks, heating the oil to 160 deg. Fahr., and f crushed turnings has been little greater thar holding it at that temperature for about 45 min. This (Conclude ge 1518) The Iron Age, May 7, 1931—1511 PRODUCTION CONTROL INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS Form 4] The Iron ne ru anc ap differ “4 QUANTITY PER MACH May Parts Production OF 219 different n es How the Production Schedule Ils Broken Down ifacture} met! E EFORE the work proceed request for authority nt nu plant fi B to manufacture a certain number of machines oft riven tvpe and s1ze 18 submitted to headquarters At hine \ 11,500 headquarters all of the work of the various factories 2000 mav be different item . rdinate and also here the development work or ent parts in the entir lime ne macnine ; initiated. Consequently, submissior 7000. About 1100 of the e proposed schedule ill make sure that nothing nufactured in econon lot built which 1 ikely to be perseded in the near fu I re | f ture inew n del, Schedules for manufacture then are made out, the n¢ t ! rder control being posted from a breakdown of the enough parts on hand « ipproved request. This breakdown goes to machine t macnines ma Ue Dullt a ind section sizes, and the order control sheet is ar- hen Account n { takel ranged it tions, according to the uses of the various i} re r cel rt ilso shows quantity of parts in stock, process demand it e ha f n f manufacture, sub-assemblies, process assembly and tne next nall al i> total at Lf n time These tot ils are brought to a ou re ommon height as determined | the breakd wn of the | Ti¢ t t 1 1 r U1 t mu ! he ! On the 1 rse side mont! record of this Kil lal t t \\ i l I \ [ ire aucte Qual ties ) sf tio? ( 1} l ! nee is eC ! ! e! the difference i! the 1 rie i I I i! nt ect ! \ lable Average sales are now! : t t I | ( it tl ible ind iverage Schedule. Tentative posting of items to be required, month by month 1931 ONTROL of production is far from easy when a multiplicity of small parts is involved. How one successful company handles this problem is told here, not merely as a story of one company’s operations, but mainly to suggest to others some methods which they may find worth emulating. A master opera tion sheet has been developed which specifies in detail every operation a part is to undergo. This ties in with the entire system of control, with all the “checks and double-checks,”’ which have made this practice yield such good results. Close supervision of stocks of finished parts and of sub-assemblies, in the interest of avoiding heavy inventory tie-up while still assuring adequate supplies to carry manufacture forward, is a fundamental. And the whole has been found not only thoroughly workable, but sufficiently flexible to allow for constantly changing conditions of business rTvvT i Snows on 1S avallable ! ! S Ol \ ir assification into ir group ! il I I al la to the time required for processing the separate part | ke} the production department Those which take longest are, of course, put into ] na the pay lepartment after the iction first and correspondingly for tl} ther iten rk ha ‘ The tin ird yoes with the de A parts production schedule mace it, a hov arti a Form 41, in which the numbe) likely to be needed each month is posted tentative Pra fe) int nt GS, hed-part vce This schedule is charted month by month and balanct t nspector voing over the rk tock are struck. As the work progresses this sheet is ject to revision, so that at all tim t represents the i i] then the re the working schedule for the parts need A factory pi prod epartment and entered on the store’s re duction order (Form 40) is typed in iplicate for tl rd sheet trate Forn 6} Thence t} recor various parts required, on py going to the st ae roe { t epartment for pr ng He partment, while one cop) ; kept in t duction file th the roductio1 rder for that par fies Along | partment orders i eparate vhich is to be perform ment order (Form 135 raer, wnicl filled el s a routing schedule fron ni epartment to the next 209.4 FACTORY PRODUCTION ORDER \ f epart mame or pant NUN RINT KEY RANK APPROVED PART NO. WW-<cO79- RD NO. VIUU ouan. 1000 para * 1/30 anot! ( r 5 Bi ale FIN. 7 TOCK bo z | } + il | i = + ‘ + + —_+ + + —_ = : MOVE ORDER Form 40—Factory Pro DEPARTMENT ORDER 7 duction Order PART NO. Wi-269-1 ORD. NO 3300 QUAN 1000 win es PART NO _—— | OPERATION ALANK parr?! : onpen no. 3300 . 135.3 D orm > epart MACHINE NO SPEED vers quemens ment Order At right Se eS) SS end the Move Order ; detached, becomes a | aaennees a a : routing schedule from ; department to depart | | 3334 Pac ; 5 SE ; ment. Serial numbers ‘ lower left, specify se : quence of operations 224 oats and identify time, on i. ; the men’s time cards The Iron Age. May 7, 1931 1513 Vaste avl 1514 The () Iro lie i rare ige, il May Sheet Governs the Worl to th 1931 , 1 1} n this plant have been filled in for our illustrations, to r | how how the system works. Brief explanation will l¢ fil iffice to indicate how the forms are used and what ! ca tal information they supply as the weeks pass and duction proceed Parts Productio Schedule \ definite lot of ma hines 1 e made thin a stipulated period calls for hl pply of certain parts, as shown in circled res in third column of Form 41. At th March the supply in stock of the several part ! \ ! ium.) right of that headed { rst te! 43 were n Stoct | t ! ne f na quarte! uid que ( June TO 6. A red at how! [ l t] rele ni es that existing st iff r requiremet } ‘ lot ' } ) ? 11? e! iOR RECORD am Form 156—Stores Record, showing orders, receipts and issuances of parts. When front is filled, the reverse of the card is used in same manner rwvwrwvT : —— —— ee id I i! ef Cal 45 t ipplied through new manu +))) “Ty } DD iS UW i need 1322 l! Ma ; ; ’ ri¢ 1440 I ne I iad nt nat i iilal rte An , ne na ¢ } Nn t “7 . 9 Hence a Master Operation Sheet Form 139 it ; le out for each required part, showing in detail al Ait, Ns | perations, including inspection. The carbon copy ot this, on a different form (139F), carries the same list perations This provides for following the work he shop as it progresses, and recording thi imber of parts actually made on the order. Defe ire shown, with the good pieces carried forward After each operation the parts are s¢ nt to a check station for counting Chen the order for the fol wing operation is issued. When all processes have he ma i nd een completed the word “closed” is written in, as I already explained. ‘‘Transfer to Stock” (Form 48) is ( red il then made out, certified as to quantity, and the ma to} hich they terial goes to finished-parts stock. from 100 to 199 Department orders are numbered in rotation 100 ar lower left corner of Form 135-3. This serial number, placed on all time cards charged to the operatior I serves to identify the time, and at the same time as MATERIAL MASTER OPERATION SHEET — PART NUMBER 4/il/ ‘ MN PURCHASE i 9 size QUALITY TEMPER FINISH SPOSITION OF SCRAP an PER Ma se N ASSEM®S ~ « SCHE A w 4 we “ maces ree ee s size ~ EcEs oer escnir " er r AUGES . ot or -* REMARKS a ok a | 1 a FR ‘ ‘ \ 4 ei a “ K [mera ae | ele ee ie Form 139—Master Operation Sheet—the heart of the system Carrying Along the Factory Production Card i i. ae : a I rlaye { URING all this | tor pl ict fut ntrol monthly A summa! | 7 ote Forn 10 ‘ iduall I n, i l ict t t, taken Iron lata ful he é pera ( | 4 i rry w } 4 ( i } re é < () ne r 2 rmation 1, adjustm a : f oare : 7309 ous we io — + + + io BLANK ‘ i ii 19) PLAN ISH i I 20 POT, ®& t BURR A x li I 3 RINT | I i 04 NSPECT £0 | 2.0 Bagh. i 209 AN 0 i \ 04 Fi Na NSPECT oe) I i 402 TOM vos VES | (| S ceiasll = ae ea Form 139F—Made by carbon when Master Operation Sheet is typed, this form provides for following the work through the shop The Iron Age, May 7, 1931 1515 TRANSFER TO STOCK ATE PA Md) 24 ' ROM DI 5 I NIT ST TOTAL ST Vate Form 63 Return Material Order, below, accompanying parts returned to stock after being withdrawn ; RETURN MATERIAL ORDER we we Handlin De fectives ana Re furned Defective Material Exchange Order Form 302 De fective Material Exchange Order serving as author ity to issue parts to replace detec tives 1516 The lron Age Mav 7. 1931 Form 48—Transfer to Stock, at left, carrying a completed lot of parts to finished parts store room Form 49—Inspection Record (below INSPECTION RECORD By T T = AN TY Per Ne ° | Returned for ow “Nene Reases crapping or Returning Passe | ectiae =| Scrapped |lnepe , > ‘ + 4 4 + } + + + = 65 accompanies it, explaining all the whys and vherefores This serves to give credit to the ider to which this material has been charged Material drawn from stock may be found de fective. If so, Form 302, the Defective Material Exchange Order, is made out, in duplicate. One opy goes to the stockroom, serving as authority or issuing substitute parts to replace the defec ( lhe other copy accompanies the defective to the salvage department, where as much lue as possible is extracted, and the remaining ortions are thrown out as scrap I Ls he Transter to Stock, is made out by e r at fina nspection of any lot of parts i rie are inted at the checking station, and the rm must certify to the count, as shown. This forn ) mn nies the pat he finished-stock store vnere t torn the basis for entry on store Record Card, Form 119. Form 48 th Finished Machine Daily Report The following machines have been finished today and passed to Shipping Department Date AM. ORDER MACHINE NO WRITER NO KEY BOARD Vatertals J | | Form 83—Finished Machine Daily [ae Report, above, on which a summary of production is kept tne production office to permit postings information on Form 156 (Stores Re and thence to Cost Department How Assemblies Are Followed eee made from finished h parts are handled in somewhat th ame manner as the original finished themselves. An Assembly List (Form 189 lesignates all the parts required fo work. A department order, Form 135 made out to cover all operations. Finished Stock Order, Form 61; Ret Material Order, Form 63; Defective Ma terial Exchange Order, Form 302; Defect Parts and Materials in Process, Form 303 all are employed in controlling this The Finished Machine Daily Report, F 83, is merely an extension of this scheme when sub-assemblies and connecting parts ire brought together to form the p for final shipment Counting of parts is required after eacl operation. Many parts are almost micro size, Sucn aS some oO! the tiny screws ounting 3 done on proportional scales Den tion eet N N i heets Juan. on Order Parts Required for thi t a ' ‘ nN — = ® -114 Tye] r 7 l -104 > b eee a t ; -184- - , =3TR- -~ 234 s 4 } “004 r , : | = } } — 04- r —T r yrs ix r — F } } h } r s } } + - } - he a A © isc ” PART NC ww-269-1 . STORE ROOM RECORD CARD MAK win PART NAME NON PRINT KEY CRANK SS a. ep “ ~ - — - . ot RECEIVED i SSUED : RECEIVED | SSUEO ae Pre ene +? aus a T en - a T in Tae = Ba aur ; Oave AMy Bar PROoO Dare am Dare aur Bar — > + — - — - ~ - - — $+ -— —_- +— - "tp/ Jo oC “ff é ; ’ ' ' + ‘ : i { i RUSH MEMO TO PROO. DEPT. WHEN Nw STOCK) Assembly Ma 119 Assembly List - Cost Sheet Part No ler Storeroom Record Card, alike on both sides, forming a perpetual inventory record Form 189—Assembly List Cost Sheet, used in calculat ing costs for a complete sub-assembly = |i FINISHED STOCK ORDER Gu. PART NUMBER Cee tt SE... Ovdered Chven Out | : 2s abet ——— eh Seer ig= —<_ T * —_}— + + ase T F 3 . , onl seperation + - Sp ae ee -— —— — ae | * —-—+—_______ __+- + - | | Se - a | I ccuiiad -f-—-- : = it + > —_~-+ — i - ese | | TOTAL COST j - noun meneame ‘ = | Date Filled Stock Cheré Form 6] — Finished Stock Order, above, used in costing The Iron Age, May 7, 1931 1517 nd the total imbe1 0 times the count expel ts have shown that the use of a consider Was . sé itisfac tor and the 20 PT TY ira | t t < ri? } ( T} ( DEFECTIVE PARTS & MATERIAL IN PROCESS Form 303—Defective Parts and Material in Process, accompanying spoiled work a Z. 9 Has the Small Plant a Future: nt nmenta? tha ) S nivneé } } ’ ting } l ic¢ { i I ¢ é e i ! tne ne ? ‘ r ? rly ca ? T Tl? a te n gatherir and yreast progre h ndustry by read- } ] } isine ipel ! the words, ! fford to sit 1 1 corner and ignore it ie I fit d I aA aA Scrap Handling and Cutting Oil Recovered Economically sher mate} ne ? e} ile reatel ‘ c 11 he eC) } n antawe ' t ] tate hand y ? tm) cr ¢ r} Se tnat estment in equipment ’ e | T prod S Si VI ne \ : 2 yy mploy ? it HUY mer? Al tnings elias: Sane: Hash Cll | t afford ; zs eqCOIInNmMer julp! + i ; > y . ! allatic he pper ind 1518 The Iron Age. May 7, 1931 such part is blackened and the surfaces which that department processes are then buffed to show where the work of the department applies. This combina- tion of blueprints and samples serves to keep the department thoroughly informed and to avoid dupli- cation of effort all along the line. Along with the control of material going through is tied up, of course, an intimate knowledge of the Particularly in the press Here there is a largé accumulation of dies and fixtures for making and vorking tools available. department is this essential. processing the various stamped parts. Arrangement of the room is such that these fix- ires are closely at hand, where they can be put into the presses with a minimum of delay. It is custom- experts to select and adjust the fixtures, run of production men and iry for stopping the press on its This keeps the continually on production and results preliminary to evious work the macnines having the presses idle for only a short period. Coupled with a process of manufacture involving parts, the This omplete interchangeability of similar most exacting final inspection is necessary. rovided for by master gages and fixtures for thi irpose, designed for the most rapid work in dis ng of the production as it accumulates. ious bucket elevator, the crushed chips had to in barrows from the chip room to the yard » the siding. Furthermore, the oil was separated chips had been crushed, instead of before, hich resulted in the loss of considerable oil. In- stallation of a larger chip wringer enabled us to re- verse the process, as described above, and to eliminate +h} ‘ + . ; his waste of oil. Previous to our present arrangement, cars were loaded by forking the chips from the yard level on to the belt of a portable conveyor which carried them With this method the time required to load a car was nine man-hours, viz., three men working With the new arrangement 1% man 30 min., is all that is into the cars. three hours hours, viz., three men working required, and thus we are saving 7! man-hours per ar. This results in a yearly saving of $474 in labor and burden for this one operation. In addition to the saving in money, the installa- i tor together with the installation of oil burners on our heating boilers and underground oil storage tanks, tion of this chip hopper and continuous bucket eleva- enabled us to utilize vard space formerly required for the storage of coal and crushed chips. In this space a new building, approximately 86 ft. long and 60 ft. vide and containing about 5160 sq. ft. of floor space, } has been erected to house the millwright, carpenter, painting, electrical and other service departments. The present arrangement also enables us to keep the chip room in its present central location, which greatly shortens the distance traveled in carting the chips. Another advantage is that we have entirely) eliminated demurrage charges on cars because of the reduced loading time. 2 me yy re ag rs die sane Oo ee PRESSED METAL WORK IN MAKING RADIO PARTS By W. T. FULTON New York District Manager Surface Combustion Co | RESSED metal enters largely into the modern radio set. Some of the | presses are unusual. Gas fired heat-treating furnaces are used in . part for demagnetising steel cores. WO of the most modern mechanical setups tinuous with an individual motor, t! re rt in the United States, one for metal forming dieing machine, as it is called, is fed with 4-i1 trip and the other for heat treating, are to be and is provided with feeding rolls on each end found in the Stromberg Carlson Telephone The parts formed drop down through the botton Mfg. Co.’s plant at Rochester, N. Y., where tele die into a stacking chute. and the waste is automa phones, radios, loud speakers, etc., are manufa tically cut into convenient sizes by a scrap cutte! tured. bolted to the frame. This machine operates at 200 The metal-forming section is equipped with auto r.p.m. and will cut 400 pieces per min matic screw machines for various parts and mechan Small flat springs are formed in a machine, the ically-driven presses of different types ranging up