The Iron Age 1919-04-03: Vol 103 Iss 14

ef New York, April 3, 1919 Shop Routing System Reduces Handling Costs Parts Progressively Assembled at Cleve- land Tractor Plant, Thus to Reduce Storage of Parts and Storage Space BY F. L. PRENTISS )LLOWING the recent completion of large ex- h tensions to the plant of the Cleveland Tractor Co., Cleveland, radical chafiges were made in the company’s-production methods with a view of onthe reducing to a minimum the handling of raw ma- way to terial and finished parts and eliminating the neces- the final sity of a large amount of storage space that would assembly otherwise be required. floor. Large The plant has a daily capacity of 50 tractors of castings move in a straight line from the st the caterpillar type, but by its method of routing yard through the manufacturing building in wt and progressive assembling, practically no finished they are to be machined, pass throug! the macall parts are kept in the stock room. Practically the operations, are inspected, washed and painted entire machine is made in the plant except the painting is required, and at the f tne i . n ‘'s, differential gears and roller bearings. Both which these operatior re performed, have reached arger and smaller parts follow the routing the final assembly line Anese parts in tn oe from the raw stock room through the var operat from rougi Ul ; ! erations to the final assembly floor and the assembly, move tron the time they are brougnt production departments keep only one day a side door, only throug! ' f the sop, & the final operation except in the case of distance of about lio the smaller pieces of which there is usually The manufacturing depart on on the floors sufficient for two or three ng 60 x 540 ft. used for rough storage, mach tor output. However, most parts are operations, Sub-assembing, and tol — rg and inspected one day and used the next. poses, and anotner bullding in pal — a gressive plan of assembly is followed, all 441 it., whic! occuple nine _ a rts being sub-assembled in stations on the finished assembly aq t g a ine ere made. These sections are then collected former building is devoted to the chining and sub-assembly at a convenient point sub-assembling of t! — mn :aG DOSVEEE 867 868 THE IRON AGE April parts, including the front and rear wheels, the trans is made on a store room form, showin: mission case and large internal gears for the dri number and quantity. These receipts ar: ng wheels are machined in the building occupied daily as the parts are received, and are by the final assembling department. The main and planning department to be used for mak side frames are also fabricated in this building report of the floor shortages. Copies of the rough stock room is kept the supply of smaller ports are sent to the various superintende) ‘astings and bar stock which is brought into tl f their departments are short they wi building through an adjoining receiving roon rh production to meet the requirements of stock room is at one end of the building and tl chedule prepared by the management nachine Gepartments adjoining occupy the two bays, avoids the danger of an unbalanced stock yne of which is used for machining castings and the tion to these reports there is a week ther for turning and grinding shafts from the bar shortage report which shows each departn stock, for drilling oil holes in the shafts and for many pieces it is behind in production W grinding pinions. The rough stock is carried on many pieces must be turned out daily to electric trucks, the bar stock, after being sawed to the shortage. ength, being conveyed on racks and the casting l} main machine and assembling shoy sheet metal shop barrels varallels the one used for smaller machine Ww In this shup transmission parts, power brackets divided transversely into 11 bays. Wheel cast teering wheels and gears, brake band ends it transmission cases, internal gear blanks and other ods. clut h rod brackets and foot pedals are made arge castings, aS weil aS material tor [ram ind sub-assembled and the transmissio1 con received in car lots in the storage yard between tht pleted. Bench assen s done at the lower end two shops, and each part is unloaded and stored at he shop Completed sections, shafts, screw 1 a point about opposite the section of the shop hine products and other part ade in tl which it is to be machined, doors being p! ro to the finished stock room where they are counted along the side of the building for taking ra ind passed directly on to the other shop for f material. assembly. The only parts that are kept in the fi lhe castings, after being taken in the side d ished stock room are such small items as bolts, move transversely across the building in the va! gears, roller bearings, screws, lock washers 1} ays provided for machining and sub-assen ¢ et intil they reach the opposite side of the shop, wher The onlv reason for sending the b ilk of the fi tne assembling line is located in the outer ba ished single parts and sub-assembly to the stock tending longitudinally nearly the length of the : . +s . ann a eral room is to keep a record of the finished stock. inis ny rhe plant Is Sf arranged that the Oper: 1919 THE IRON insverse bays occur in the same order as ssembling so that the single parts or sub reach the assembling line at the point are wanted. first bay of the machine shop for large 1 assembling the transmission case is ma The rough castings are brought on trucks he storage yard directly outside, and as the sses down the bay it is ground and the 41 he case are drilled in one operation on a rge Internal Ge this rack on ea ers Y all AGE ase I ne Che ma the t power out into the last transverse bay, which } h assembler performs ised pinate part ly d the (] Irame narrow-gage track j ounted or and parts are added tractor is completed and runs under riving Wheel f whicl row ¢ e gear teeth are she for testing. Ba I A fy w until! own Oni R70 one operation, for which he is allowed a specific amount of time, and there are also fixed periods of time for the various machine operations and sub- assemblies. In the second bay the differential parts machined and assembled and the differential reaches the lower end of the bay ready to be placed in the transmission case. Motors are stored in the next bay, being lifted into the chassis with a monorail. In the next bay the main cated. In this bay are 1e are and side frames are fabri a large blanking press and several riveting presses for assembling the fr parts. A trolley track is located above the line of riveting machines, and while riveted, track by a counter weight. makes it riv the proper position in the to the end of the bay when the fran At the bay and painted, and are then ready to be taken to ame a side frame is two being 1s trolleys tnis suspended from Chi to adiust it on s method of handling the move + frame to it ie is completed. tor a eter easy press and along the lower end of the frames are washed the assembling line adjoining. In the next the various machine operations, starting as rough castings the outsid bay rear driving wheels go through from le storage yard. The ma- chines for boring, facing, drilling, tapping and counter boring the wheels are arranged in two rows After Leaving the Assembly Line the Two Lower Finished Tra Bays, and After ¢ or Testir A New Steel for Casting Tools A new development in tool steel is announced | the Kinite Co., Milwaukee. This steel differs from 01 dinary tool steels in that it is cast directly into the shape of the tool or die desired, and is also said to pos y sess the quality of not changing shape or size during hardening. The new steel, known as Kinite, is cast in spe ly prepared molds and has the appearance of a smooth forging. Unlike most other high speed steels, it contains no tungsten. It is pointed out that it will harden better than many forged products, and when hard is ‘uniform and close grained, is high in heat and does not the fire. It is thus regarded as desirable for milling cutters, dies, taps and other tools having multiple cutting edges. On the claim that Kinite castings do not change form during the hardening it is possible to make them so near the desired shape and size of the finished tool or die that little machining is necessary for completion; also large dies can be made in one sin- gle piece instead of many small pieces. resisting qualities scale in process, 1S Dies requiring THE IRON AGE Moves Under ng Apri 19} with a rack between, along which the pushed from one machine to another unti tions are completed. From the end oj they pass after inspection into a washi after which they are painted. They sembled on the opposite side of the ready to be put in the chassis. In the n internal gears for the driving wheel are faced, then the teeth are cut and the gear and counter bored. A special rack is p: tween the two lines of machines for co) part through the bay during the operat finished gear is sent to the hardening de which is located convenient to both mac} and on its return is attached to the whe: The same progressive method machining the lower and front wheels i; bay. These wheels are then assembled to {| frames which in turn are added to the c} assembling line. In the last manut bay the tread or chain is made. This is « f cast-iron shoes. The rough castings ar: and fitted with roller bushings and the then assembled into the chain and mounted chassis. Various other parts of the tra added as it moves along the assembling after the tread is in place. is +} ne o it} bv ‘ or" Its Own Power to the Test Floor on This Floor Is Ready for Shipment Which O¢ hole or more are made with cored molds, saving material and the labor of working the holes The steel is also offered for making machine iat must resist heat and heavy abrasive action. } stated that annealing boxes can have much thin walls when made of this material, and that they ret their shape and original weight through many DP firings than when cast or malleable iron 1s used. Castings, it claimed, can be annealed hardened many times without losing any of thei After proper annealing they show about scleroscope, and at this hardness can be machi! 25 to 30 lin. ft. per minute. Kinite anneals and hare at about the same temperature, 1840 deg. Fahr. Some idea of the kind of dies that are made W! this steel can be gained from the illustration, W! shows the rough castings for a large circular 4 drawing milk cans. The finished die weighs 141 13 in. inside diameter and 4% in. deep. The mean of-round after hardening was 0.003 in., a chat ge slight that no grinding was required, and as th - face was smooth, showed no scale and was so near 7 : required size it was used for the purpose inten without machining. one t} 1S » 7 erties. » Ss € 1919 THE IRON AGE 871 VILLE ISLAND PLANS manuf ‘5s Being Completed—No War inn slic Money for Peace Time a Apri l. War appropriat I ] nt t o e time purposes. This is the rey e1 ent to the report tl nite ne Nevi « I l pre t Ss ork w! 5 eing one T ea to tn mp nd nat T ePSéE ructu ~ ¢ 1 ¢ " yurpose ( f sti ne np ral \y terials which were manu ! ons and wi nave ‘ ‘ irtment nas taker e | { t would not be fair to the pays ! f propriat Ss tor pe e purp I ¢ long ev: \ The Ne ya ir progral nd ( ore t ney to help win the war. Ws for granted tnat ‘ ngress would e money for a peact nterpris« t hice mong nent 1» the const? i! pe ce army. on, the project has been aband rs + de cde +} t wanted hy, D ' ild write that decisior into ts next tion bill and there would still be time : - ‘ 1 We ann going ahead now, however, FOUNDRYMEN AT PHILADELPHIA n that Congress has no such plat ch is being done at Neville Island Convention and Exhibit zm t t in the e! tirely to the completion of big storage We ek of Sent Congress certainly ntended that the ar e been manufactured should be properly etary C. E, Hoyt f f them. That is clear men’ \ tion, 111 West M ( ild dispose o! of a war appropriation. But there is nnounces that | e a permanent storage depot of Neville tion, has be he ] f th 19 s would have to legislate specifically ent and « se before the War Department could “J The organization me ! ' he project.” n June, 1896, and PP \ Scrap on Hand ‘ T r ng statement has been issued by the ynsiderable exhibit of ' the stocks of scrap on hand Feb. 28 Much of interé P} ‘ ieipnia sti ! or thers j } y Island ne \ ] ri e | 1 } y rd : the ‘ nay 3 ‘ W it E Of I Sif? ‘ } ) té¢ ' ' or tend f rvy } | Recent Sales n the schuylk nivel y P idelp! t TI hire f Salac S ice 7 e | I I Li€ 1 l led a W p : | I | n of the sales reported from M 1 \ Pp ISIV¢ Owing to the work necessa from the various offices throug! $ figures are always several weeks ne taled S42 O00 R i ind n uded + ' ‘ hat : ’ Pp y ‘ i ‘ a YY et rt o ry ‘ Q t hg jG ++ A I i ry! I f pe ted mie os > rt Indiana D Casting ( Indianapolis, ha » the continued reports of the sale of ypened an office in the Tribune Building, New York. auto trucks at great reductions in the n charge of the Vitus F. di Lustro Corporation THE EXPORTS INCREASE Records Made as Restrictions Taken Off WASHINGTON, Ap 1 T} est ey Being Against Trade Are ‘ \ ed ~ (i i y } ‘ I ‘ COr el es I Tu r when ais t t} Y ( t 6.963.677 wail $259,017,224 ; : \ ‘ {F¢ r Y ric? nc were ‘ ‘ ore Y t nat Y norte notnil I } 1918 eit} _ t¢ } N +hery y Q AY eT In Feb. N19 e Netl d one 1 ¢ Q C ZO Al B r fy . > ~4 ye } Le >] 6 OO Te » Z2.Uoy N y Y ~t ; > :( “~ ~ ( - { % 169 The ¢ Ye} ] ner ry . ( mR | I ? 11s 4 (4 “1 nos 1 Kingdom f 151,2 1 to $165,875, ()r | ery | * ~ Fim we | y . N18 $38,185,488 in Februar ) To R t t} ‘ y Th I I ‘ y , \ str nd N v9 . i! ) ~ '{ Y 1O1®& ‘ >] 6018 () ? 19] t t P ppl! Isla fy >2,264,9] ti sf t t is tro . f 14.438. 868 ind o ¢ na ron > ; 0) } » ZZ ) { ( nsider i@ progress Ss e€ n tne 1 the Europear le Ita } innounced the | nment of thé de he Adria st the entente officials in P s have rreed upon the lift ing of tl ckade f (Jermar Austria ] re still framing rules to prevent re-export Germar I question of the fting he ckade of Germar still being pressed at Paris. It appears to be doubtful however vhether this x d ne mT enera peace tre nas been actua I f Anoth« mportant featur: he export lation the work being done by the Railroad Administration reduce export rates for traffic to China, Japa) Australia and Philippine Islands, applying from terr tory Missouri River and east through Pacific C ports The proposed 1! tes I lude } MT | — / > os Coke Producers’ Association Revive | NIONTOWN PA Ap Necessity tO nole firecting agent i¢ nol e aff ne ne { n elle ile er c€ reg Y a rir r ne re j istment ne -~ rd ss . 1 1 is resulted 11 tne a ng nto actior oft the Coke oU promine! which region, zation of ;’ Association, ar merchant Producer orgal ndepe1 dent o7 ago acted as the spokesman of the inactive during the war, many of its aligned with the Fuel Administration ducers’ called back to operators, some years but was members being The Coke Pro Association was life again ata IRON AGE Ay and banquet of Club, and action onterence member? \ intry general trade pr ] no specific was taken ot lefinite expression of how each shou and the best hearing for Connellsv wages must remain at their least until a substantial reduction is 1 of living was the questions no d the part of any ‘der to allow the wage scale to remai strongly expressed that pr be held strictly within demand, so that Coke operators now at rock bottom, with an average one of agreement on sentiment wa ne mat ) Yr) ] I i 1ined yvens. The officers of the Coke Producers’ A Harry Whyel, president; James R. Cray, surer, and M. D. (;. S. Harah, trea Brooke ‘ STEEL MILL EQUIPMENT ABROAD Demand Will Come from England Rather Tha the Continent [The head of an important engine: . l l 1 ge vhich builds rolling mill machinery it States has returned from a tour of se . Great Britain, France and Belgium, in onditions as they apply to steel plant rolling mills, and the results of his observatior terest. The Belgians are not yet in the t, for much depends upon the indemnity which G pay them, and also upon the length of t vhich must elapse before such funds are available. Fr s not in the market for products of Americar the policy of that Governn n prohibiting the sending of money out of the desiring to give every possible protection to home in- dustries. So far as rolling mill machinery is concer the French machine shops are now admirably ¢ with the American tools, and are in exc¢ position to heavy machinery, possibly on because of ne states best of produce American designs. makers of Great Britain, th are awake to the necessity « While there are a good n late plants, others are much below Amerit Scotch works was hearth furnaces are still charged by hand. B teel makers realize that they must methods, seeing that the output per man is cons ably below the average in this country. At the t there are the demands of British ir works labor for higher wages. In view expressions of the manufacturers on the necessit +} r x latest equipment, to meet the 7. e stee] arned, irer le g their works For example, a visited wher improve ime providing the ions, the call for American machinery i! steel works lines is expected to be no incon é factor in the near future. Will Increase Output . ‘ [foRONTO, ONT., April 1.—Regarding the the resumption of work by the Nova Scotia Coal Co., New Glasgow, N. S., D. H. McD dent of the,company, states that the two depai the steel plant at New Glasgow have beer ilmost continuously, while operations of oné ne ll will be resumed at once and the other mills two weeks. Repairs soon to the open-hearth furnaces at Sydney min¢ nit them to begin to produce steel early to start ope rations coincides with but apparently is The lower p {} lavs or prices, actior ver, help the company The shops of the Bessemer & Lake Er as at Greenville, Pa., will hereafter work only 4 ; x per week. All Saturday work will be cut in the round house and power plant. 1919 THE IRON AGE 873 DING AVOIDS SHUTDOWN f Large Rolling Mill Engine Repaired by Oxy-Acetylene L. M. MALCHER’® res ‘ Wi go eT S T ( 4 ) P; } } ‘ to wll tne war t Ke dow? t\ n , T+ I gning of the armistice. In the a de} viven to the O other parts, the left-hand low pressur¢ r, 70 in. inside diameter, of an Allis-Chal rte? ' SEC’ ince it Ty s of the Carnegie Steel Co., after carei ent, as W I low-u] t f medical ex iter oF There is sl e blank form for welding hor f Oxwe — yrding the medical statistics of each employee Proper Specifications for Bearing Metals’ Functions of a Lining Alloy—Mix- ing the Component Metals—Elec- trically Hardened Lead—Solders BY ALFRED A. GREENEt———————_ HERE is only one Babbitt metal, and that is the formula compounded by Isaac Babbitt about 60 years ago for which Congress gave him a gold medal and. $50,000. It is composed of 88.9 per cent of tin, 3.7 per cent of copper and 7.4 per cent of anti- mony. The fact that Isaac Babbitt died in an insane asylum does not detract from the merits of his for- mula, because it has been the standard for high-grade anti-friction metal for many years. All other lining alloys have been attempts to improve this formula in its physical characteristics or reduce its price. By cus- tom these formulas have been called Babbitt metals, even though they contain no tin or copper, but, like No. 4 Babbitt, consist of lead and antimony. The Work It Does The function of a Babbitt metal, or to give it its proper name, a lining alloy, is to wear out. Wherever there is friction there is wear, and if the lining alloy does not wear, the shaft will. What are the physical characteristics of the ments that compose a lining alloy? Let us take genu- ine Babbitt for our illustration, which, as above stated is 88.9 per cent tin, 7.4 per cent antimony and 3.7 per cent copper. Tin is a crystalline metal about 9 Brinell hardness. It is very malleable and takes a high polish, but it would be too soft to use as a bearing. The addi- tion of 7 per cent of antimony makes it harder and gives it compressive strength, but also increases its brittleness, so copper must be added to give it tough- ness, or tensile strength. The addition of 7 per cent of antimony and 4 per cent of copper to 89 per cent tin brings up the Brinell hardness to about 28, or over three times as hard as pure tin. The mixing of this copper and antimony with the tin is not an easy matter, because tin melts at 455 deg. Fahr., antimony at 786 deg. Fahr., and copper at 1982 deg. Fahr. In order to get the copper and antimony properly introduced to this mass of tin requires an understanding of how to handle these metals at their widely varying temperatures. There is more to it than just putting them all into a pot and melting them. Genuine Babbitt properly made shows a matrix, of tin, and all through the mass are crystals composed of tin, antimony, copper and antimony, and tin and cop- per. These crystals constitute the bearing points in genuine Babbitt. All other lining alloys of tin, copper, antimony and lead are of the same structure to a more or less extent. Use of Lead as an Alloy While tin and antimony are anti-frictional, yet they are not the best anti-frictional metals. Nature has given us a metal which is oily and greasy and is the best metal for anti-frictional purposes. This metal is lead, but unfortunately pure lead is very soft and by itself has no value as an anti-frictional metal. Unfor- tunately again, it is very hard to alloy other metals with lead. For instance, and here is a very radical statement, it is impossible to make a true alloy of lead and copper. I fully appreciate the claims that are made for the leaded bronzes, but I have yet to see an alloy of lead and copper, no matter how carefully made, that will stand remelting without segregation. This is be- cause there is no affinity in the metals. A microscopical examination of a lead-copper mixture shows a matrix of copper with little round globules of lead in the holes. On a remelting of this metal the lead sweats out and settles to the bottom. This is what prevents its use as a lining alloy. ~ @From an address before the Purchasing Agents Associa- tion of St. Louis, Feb. 18 +With the National Lead Co Lining alloy manufacturers, recogni of lead as an anti-friction metal, have as much lead as they could, which has a series of alloys ranging from 92 per cent no lead, down to 95 per cent of lead and no ¢ are hundreds of branded metals varying other a few points in tin, lead, antimony which have been brought into being in to meet conditions of service and price. It is a well-known fact that a purcha can always buy a Babbitt metal at his own can be readily understood when the prices of are taken into consideration. With tin sellir a lb. and lead at 5c. a lb., it is only necessary 2 per cent of tin and add 2 per cent of lea a difference of 144c. a lb. and it is almost im; tell from examination of the metal that it c 2 per cent of lead. If manufacturers in their desire for disposed to be unscrupulous they can the purchasing agent’s wish for a price a: their profit. This may not work any harn service standpoint, because it is a fact that of most of the lining alloys there is a great fa safety, but it is not the proper way to do busines Proper Data for Basing Specifications @ The proper way to sell Babbitt metals is for the purchasing agent to know his requirements and receiv from the engineering department sufficient data as maximum revolutions per minute, pressures per s inch, method and character of lubrication, and tion of service. This should be put up to the Babbit metal manufacturers for recommendation as t proper alloy to be used. There are four fundamental requisites in alloy, namely, compressive strength, tensile heat resistance and anti-frictional qualities. You be rather surprised at the order in which I have } these qualities. You will note that I have placed a frictional qualities last. It is generally understood t anti-frictional qualities are the most important, | is not so. A lining alloy to be of value must ha First, compressive strength, that is, it must be to hold up the maximum load per square inch liable to be put on the bearings without squashins second, it must have sufficient tensile strength s if the bearings are subjected to vibration or pou! as in explosive engine work, it will not break third, it must have sufficient heat resistance s should the bearings become hot, the alloy wil! the greatest possible heat before beginning to Without these three qualities, the quality friction has no great value. As a matter of fa ideal conditions the shaft never touches the ba metal. There is supposed to be a film of oil bet the Babbitt metal and the shaft all the time, is what the shaft actually rides upon. It is whe! oil film is not maintained that the anti-frictiona ties of the metal become of real importance. Let us take up these four points in their r the four metals used in their manufacture, namé lead, antimony and copper. If compressive was all that was needed, we could make a met posed of 80 per cent lead and 20 per cent an' which would be a 32 Brinell, or harder than Babbitt. As far as holding up the load is co! this metal would answer every purpose for whl uw “a di lining alloy could be used. But, as above stated, antimony will harden lead, when we get beyond 4 © tain percentage the antimony and lead become brittle, so that 80 per cent lead and 20 per cent am 874 e e giass and tne yntest ratior ‘ ‘ 3 é strengt Wit! tenslile stre I ead and antimony lin I we et, with the additio1 ‘ ‘ t vet this ‘ i CV ug! I ts € ist ty, na : , reatest amount of resistance it t egir o eiongate Copper! na p in iffiz vt) lor tin, W imount Of eacn element tnat definite relation to the neces To the manufacturer who I s are well known, which e pure! ising agent to take 1 r nt ge, because the manufacturer 1 , ‘ end a formula that would mear U } n money. S 1 know that genuine Babbitt, whicl ird for so many years as the est e if produced for the most severe se1 5 VS laracteristics It is 28 Brit rit in « tic limit of 0.012 at a load of It has a tensile t neth of about Theoret Now, I you Know that this meta ( i $ an establisned fact If meta ts IO it 1t nas tne same physi il chan nt ¢ f makes n fference to you fron that é r ed it is sold to you ata t you Know, contains SY per cent f et there is a concern in this country, st reputation . obtainable oO! Babbitt Vy; roduced a metal which is tl equal \ t n tensile strength, compressivé raness, nas eater heat resista e, it tional qualiti« ind yet 1t does I opper or antimony I Lead Electrically Hardened illy hardened lead, with a very s! e infor ! rredient idded, wv h | Lath Manufacturers A Metal Lath icturers vno I t n ey I igo, the 10 members of the ass \ I led that their association could mor ner | the solution of many problems which their industry and render service t t ession generally if the offices wer lrade 1 Wharton Clay has been elected nce wit the rganization He is an archi ganizat , a graduate of the University of ommul! of the Western Associated Enginee. ecent I with the fireproofing department of ner eter Co. before the waz During the w g aide to the djutant general of the aS many recruiting campaigns tor er mou t needed bv the army ( QO W. H SS ta I 1ssi0oner of the organ! ‘ = re ears th the Northwestern Ex 10! $ les engineer and advertisi1 p t ye 1dvertising manager ot onnected th the former co! rhe I I f the advertising ouncil of the : fact th Manufacturers ecently nds | Belting Co. is now located in the nds was ied by the Biddle Motor Car Co na if 1 Sedgley avenues, Philadelphia ng adadit itly increased fa ties. The company renas ed at Chester, Pa per ne ~ cabin machine G. Budd Mfg. Co., Philadelphia, has of procee dal THE IRON AGE ent office Pittsburgh, Room 910, H. Harris. in harge of E. ; R | ré rer t i ¢ QD ‘ iL) ’ ¢ I ‘e ) ‘ t> ; ‘ T ‘ tr a " i’ Tey - A J yy ’ y r } a 4 ‘ + , FY a ‘ A Dp and Varer S year. Purchasing oO! sin ld So rmde©rs s" ‘ ‘ i A 4 ; i ¢ e . firy y . : y ‘ i i = nt mpiete T+ + + j +} nter n Lne D , tne new Dut Ww \y ne ce 876 THE IRON AGE WATER-COOLED SLAG LINE have been found to obviate the ne slag line after each heat. Invention Designed to Eliminate Destructive The water cooler is substantial Action of Slag on Open-Hearth Linings ce eee ee — and it 80 eff > > emperature of the silica bric!| A water-cooled slac lin isic open-hearth fun these do not melt, thereafter to ru naces in accordance with a systen ented ar pat material and do mischief. The side ented by Samuel Naismith, Naismith Co., 1520 Mar y angles, thus relieving the basic quette Building, Chicago, will eliminate, it aimed all weight. The coolers are made so t ( so mil the troublesome ind x<pensiv dgesti tion of the i! le, and they can be read ly replact nace lining at the slag line resultant from the action of them happen to give way. the slag. Mr. Naismith a practical furnace builder In his patent papers, Mr. Naismitl The ng de e consists essentially of wate that the use of his invention makes un! p oY the walls of rur? ne Lf f one layer of magnesite brick in the ne. adiacent to the inks. Tl l the < e? rut is the coolers prevent the intense heat ntinuous streat f water wl eep down the t the brick therein. The patent was . 1 ner t tT ft ! ne te il I ri the « of the ’ ? ‘ the { +} rn Se 1e} ler? } of the ir? \I N mith’s nventic { tine é mi? T ’ r ry | laa We ) f , j ! f W 4) t T y relining if sta ears yf fur ‘ S é | not I e pr vi ( } ould be effected, while the productior i | be increased about 10 per cent. Much is saved in tims . ] ——— = ———— —— se = required for repairs and relining, as well as a consid erable saving of magnesite rick The coolers have Open-Hearth Furnace Equipped with Na 1 } ‘LL: n+ 1 Slag Line Broad claims are made for the been used in a irge Chicago mi or three years and hw the device The silica side walls are su] ) THE IRON Upsetting Forging Machine nt ‘ I nacninel! extraordl ¢ rements spec i IDs¢e neg rving ? Aja Mfg { ela () f T + y | a VI ‘ { I ‘ ‘ y y at ‘ t \ I ‘ ( ] < ia yr ft i holds he ‘ e the performs its upset oy peratior supplying a forging machine tted to the Ajax Mfg. Ck ‘ vhich had a contract f r t p a wl cr tne ecorl ry i pos r ncerease to rt ? } 1 Se e space W ake a dle n. nig? i i 5 na i geal ) eacn e! | t Ud ore ! j nad elm i I yr} l y ’ lla etey Come . ible ? ¢ witt t ] ‘ r | ed sate | i é inde! LOO pre y é ) space ipl ‘ ; ‘ nlete ‘ ) ) | ny é ? é r? isa I ( e( | , ‘ rT nen } ‘ ve ’ t ( 4 rid the \ 2, . 2)] * ArT rad Bronze Bells Compared ‘ ’ ’ ‘ i! i t ‘ A I i B (,er?l eet $ P Th ite ‘ T i t | Vere = i ‘ ‘ ' h an « ' ¢ ad y I y y ? y ‘ + 4 ‘ ‘ steel he create thar ‘ ’ ' or ») their being oO j ne y mL THE Back Geared Milling Machine The Davenport Mfg. Co., Meadville, Pa., announces the addition of a Twelve spindle speeds, in range from 20 to obtained through are provided from 0.004 to 0.047 in. ution of the spindle. feed is obtained through a push rod on the feed box and all parts of the mechanism are oiled from one large oil pocket through an opening in the column. The drive is by a roller chain from the spindle The countershaft has two speeds; 123 to 270 Adjustable dials graduated in thousandths of an inch new si line. geometrical progress Twelve feed ze milling machine to its ion, 350 r.p.m. changes, tnree levers, ¢ . : 1 per revo! Reversal U1 met I I ( . are provided for longitudinal, cross and vertical 1 e ments The table which is 38 10 in. has a working sur- face over its full length and width and is equipped with three se S, gs it wid The le fee d 1S by a rew giving 4 in. movement of tl ible for each turn of the handle and a crank at the end of the table gives a return of 114 in. for each turn of the crank New Airtight Ash Pit Door A 24 6 in. ash pit door is recommended for or dinary us¢ the A ! nS m Conveyor Corpora tion, ¢ Thre es of doors are so built by thi mpany < ene lesign, 18 18 in Je: xX 26:10 and 24 x 24 The frame of the door is of cast iron, with the hinge and locking lugs cast o1 The frame n angle design and sets we nto the settins nd is fastened into the pit wall by four bolt one 1n ¢ h corner. The hing igs are designed to meet the hard usage to whi thes rs are ipjyecteda The door is of cast iron and is provided with a heavy ventilated cas ro ! to pre t cont with t hot ashes and consequent warping The i S faces of tl ] me e machine Oo Mma 1 alrtignt joint Tw ng of the fl p I 1 The hit irs are pivoted to the frame and t loor at the center wher pivoted to the | This gives a distributed pressure over the door and keeps a ticht joint at all points with no possibility of a clinker in the corner of the frame opening, breaking or bending the’ IRON AGE door by a wedge action. It also allo swung entirely out of the operator’s locked by means of wing nuts at th: Ul bars. In the case of the 24 x 36 in. d used. The other sizes have but one Auxiliary Hoist for Traveli: An auxiliary hoist for attaching overhead electric traveling crane ha by N. B. Payne & Co., 25 Church Stre: It is pointed out by the manufacturer t a traveling crane in a day’s work usu greater number of light loads than hea the cranes for heavy lifting are slow n results in a loss of time when they h loads. With the auxiliary hoist, a light handled at a very much higher speed. A lary hook and block bemg much lighte: the main crane, a power saving is effect The labor saving with the auxiliary sized as an important item especially w} men must wait for a small piece being by a large crane. By the application of the auxiliary att standard single hoist electric traveling cran equipped with two lines for drop bucket sery control may be arranged from cage, floor or pulpit } suit the crane to which it is applied. It is stated tha the auxiliary can be quickly attached by the purchaser Aux Hoist Attached to Large Electr Tr It is located so as not to shorten the tra\ the bridge I erfer vith he r he Ordinarily from 1 to 5-ton standar hoists are supplied by the makers to meet thi quirements. Larger special sizes, however ished when specified. The Railway & Power Equipment ¢ Building, New York, is planning increased operation. With this in mind it has been incor} in Delaware with a capital stock of $5,000,! 000 common; and in addition to the interest F. Johnson, who has been carrying on the about 20 years, it has taken in other inter new work is planned to include engineering ment work in any way connected with power, industrial establishments and contracting. [‘nited States Steel Corporation in War Time Judge Gary Describes the Many Unusual Activi ties of the Past Year—Production of Plates Increases, but Nearly All Other Lines Decreass ry f e United States Steel Corpora I ys ir 1918 is a highly interesting narr mated a int of the | exc ry important part which the corp ront taxes, were S2ZU8.281,.104 the winning of the war. Wihout any at 67 mpared with 191 writing, chairman Gary tells plainly and Although the nt. ‘ essively of the many lines in which the luction of pig it t I me e Steel ( nanies worked with the Governme! , poration snow l f on t tne rure out products vastly different from those eing 15,940,954 tons for 1918 and 1 . for luced, as, for example, when the Amer 1917. The production of steel ingot ned per & Tin Plate Co. undertook the study of ent and ; rolled and other steel | icts for ile as masks; when the same company leclined 7.3 per cent, but a notal tior the de for helmets after overcoming many diffi cline in production of rolled p plates, the when the National Tube Co., after ex production for 1918 being 2,171,362 1 th tal work, manufactured gas shells and 1,473,625 in 1 made from welded pipe Chairman Gary’s Review of the Year Gary in his comments said: vely sma mount of forward buying ring 18 perations of the subsidiary companies during Since the signing of the ar tice there | been a epresented by production and shipment of steady and good demand for de eries tes n then not on the whole reach the totals for the existing contracts and orders: al ' okings of new year, notwithstanding the demands for iron busing have been quite up t vhat ild be expected and steel products were generally constant and large under prevailing nditions This jue principally to the very severe weather “There was charged off to ¢ earnings and net ig the first quarter and the shortage of ncome for the year the n es 0 to cover efficient bor for mill operations which prevailed amortization of a proportion of the cost of facilities thr it the entire year. Precedence was given in nstalled for production of articl ntributing to the tions to the production of those classes of prosecution of the present wat This int addi- ste red essentially for use in prosecuting the’ tional to the sum of $29,785,000 provided f milar W {nd in these lines of output some remarkable purpose in 191 The total of $82,000,000 thus p1 led hown. The production of plates, largely ers the approximate amount expenditure ide pbuilding, reached a total of 2,171,3¢ Ap é 1 t ise of 697,737 tons, or 47.3 per cent oven harged, for tic f fa ties } About 65 per cent of the « t ‘ pu ‘ mrer é products of the sul lial compa! ilue ) ) : 1918 was supplied to Government de the excess nstruct ement of in iding the Federal Railroad Administra ement r tl nvest f future use he Allies of the United States in the war shipment to them or to 1 ifacture . ‘ ‘ y them for wv purpose During su f ‘ entire year, the stribution of steel pro oncurrence of the manufacturer e United States War Industries Boa \ I tes for peaking the entire output went i ise in the prosecution of the war On Oct. 1 the plant f the nufacturing es received for all products for the entire n S re pla ! “ slightly higher than those received f ind OF nalt | t g year. This arose from the fact that the an average incr n wage rat f ent during the first half of 1917, largely nce the em} ees gen¢ € contracts entered prior to 1917, were same number! f it elow the prices which prevailed after the “The tot narge for ' ( é the United States into the war. The prices f Feder e, vi 18 generally speaking were, after co! equaled 3 re 154 er the represe atives of the tee I e As ed »\ the I 11 te i ir ly for . r ex I ipp ed by the of t é me . re ilthough considerable espe : . f I is, was de ered o1 cts en- 5 I ‘ 117, and prie hereto, 1 stance pront \ ver Ut! I tne I X1TY lT t { 5 © ‘ é ment. ) f . € the unfilled s of su lial tne é ! 1918, was 7,379,152 tons of roll ‘ ( ay omparison with a total of 9,381,71% ecome due and ]} it t t, wever, the ‘f 1917. Because of the action of tl res¢ i ff ‘ fina Government concerning the dispositior gure th p tax retu : products, there was naturally a rela- subs¢ Q790 \ccide il ! Q At De rit ‘ ne p Preventio THE IRON ivs tha ire bDelIng’ done py companies to im} n the ¢« ployees work and live Activities in the War e” ite l + ] ‘ _ ‘ T? ) ne y 1 tn {01 llrect y the y t ? T p nount imp il iror ind Stes he Seer, ) f N to rm d tee necessal I e, and the United th other iron and ‘ t the lisposal of the G é e! ces and resource demands of the ! ‘ It ¢ ‘ er Tf i ! ropet Ip} re i¢ is signed ‘ f nanutacturer f “4 VITT T irious ry ne rencies t ai > S¢ iw materlk require e entrat e | { rporation nad likewise : on ; ‘ f p ateriais t¢ he Allie I he existence of highly inte T f the production ar ) np! vemer ind metnod + { vorking capita NI ! ! idit s and d ! f esirable. the ) I l SSO¢ ‘ ( l ely pre aed ne a ve Teme! ‘ ri ncrease the productive ca} meet the greater demands fo! iry products and | lu var purposes, there has beer é s Aug. 1, 1914, for add etterments the sum of $502 enditures both at and fe by the raw material department and natural gas—also by the tion interests, the major part late to the carriage from mines for iron and steel making. | 1ade for construction of houses a! for employees at various places 119 ed ore luct l l YC ary na? Y ] x —_ part tered the w ST ompare S unde ; he request r eqauire The f i i re $ oO e exper ni mp}! f ipacit y ontril S 1 f rt the pyr alled for t 1} tor war ] I 4 THE IRON toc Thess } hose mad peen made vynat tnell ‘ t T est tT T ‘ i Sey ind tne ting T ‘ tens lnectiory iu ) are Rea ti AGE W 882 in co-operation with the Engineering Division, Army Ordnance Department, and the Chemical Warfare Service, conducted extended experimental work on de- signs for Livens gas shells and Stokes made from welded pipe; the object of their strength. ym July 15, mortar shells also on Livens mortars with decreasing their weight and increasing As a result the company was directed 1918, C to proceed with the manufacture of shells of the design it had submitted. The first ship ment of shells (designed to be used for phosgene gas) was made on July 26, 1918, and the entire order was completed by Nov. 15, 1918. It is understood the shells furnished by National Tube Co. were the on! of air as Mlar this ! ered é ( Ye use j that th vere I ular Special War Work Lat ] t f I I I r? ot ! »f the product f liar unis t 1ished To! Wal } irpo \ rea Ca yf [ ( was of spé A S ip yr pre f specia ’ me an to heat treat J, and assembling. All tl ed for 1 ! ! the revising of methods of manufactur ir and close co-operation with the variou epartment and bureaus of the Government In this way ts were secured as to quantity production and rding to the Government’s schedule in a mannez h met every expectation and desire In the Country’s Service “Upward of 200 officials and experienced t eT piovees of the corporation and its subsidiary companies wert granted leaves of absence during the war to connect themselves with various governmental departments, THE IRON Transport service, i. e the corporation’s entire fleet on the Great ! $ AGE A reaus and commissions, including the ] C. A. and kindred associations. These ployees included executives, experienc: cers, engineers, scientific and technical trained artisans and office employees many of the leading officials of the corp subsidiary companies took an active part ginning of the war in serving locally tive communities as members of draf Cross, Y. M. C. A., Liberty loan and f and other governmental and quasi-govern cies. Employees to the number of 34,40 ighth of the total average number of tered the active military and naval sery States. ‘ ¢ f “There were turned over to the G requisition and for use in the Army and even of the ocean-going steamers owned | ration; also five vessels of its fleet oper Great Lakes, together with one tugboat Products Co. (a subsidiary of the corporat banded five vessels for account of the Na ( .. furnished supp] engine and steward’s departments in addit ising necessary repairs to the vessels. Great Lakes Fleet “The U S. Shipping Board was permitted Se eee _ — wee te SS Ss eee -—-65 es we ee eS ay - —e “=a. 2 = = aera ae ~ _~ -—"-a7awe Oe Sy ee ee - = IT gL, et meg Se or — es + ee \\ ¥ THE IRON AGE erves. There were placed on these “The f Reserves who received instruction earnin; r the direction of the fleet officers produ t the request of the U. S. Shipping n’s fleet organizatior ook chargé y ip This work involved furnishing thi ¢ cut I two tft er ible then T ) with provisions and fue i irrangvements for nandling ind the lakes, canals and rivers to the River ports An important effort Great Lakes fle¢ ganization was nd leading interest the mobil ind other vessels by co-operating States Food Administration tl n and other commodities vital for the f tion of the war. The president of the ip Co. (the corporation’s e Mobilization Committee whic] yn the Great Lakes in the fall of ttee furnished about one-half millio hannels open with ice-breakers In M . , + i T rine down tne | ikes tne scneada p oe ee \ eter i Inventories rge p it ’ + tne inventories or al ‘ : ° i piant unis fter owing credit for re ra t of actual cost or market n excess of nor il price 1 ] 1 ‘ s $? j f 600 + j ? mparisor vitn pr ed ; ’ F th, he ] LOTR ? WY? ¥ ' é e of the preceding year: ¢ ‘ 2 irehouses Turned Over ‘ the ri iest of the N v Der irt t to it under a leasehold varehouse property, including nda do f the corporatior Bay, San Frar ». This ne nm rer no 7 the premises s ¥ : + + } > ind ¢ iblishinge ten ¢ ‘ ewhnere Sa; I ran 1 —T¢ ( s The Nav VDepartment ‘ , fo e in the ¢ structior f n wi work the plant is ou : emt ed T e N ivV' ye } 4 ‘ ' i \ . t ‘ A cu + ) s 1 rr Volume of Business isiness done bv all companies dur for ntere , 1 1 ; } presented Dy tneir combine i gr! = payment is $1,744,312,163, as compared with penditures e preceding year. lepartmer subsidiary ) The Neville Island Project -. R84 THE IRON AGE Ba a ommitte composed of ten of its off no as oan bonds of the nirst, second, third 17 sisted by their respective staff ind under the directior follows: ; f the chairman and president « he corporatior lex , t I y ¢ i iper I the 1] ect i Vitnout ) iny charg services. The e also det ed fror he sorwt ‘ a rnorat ie an ; ‘ manies } OT é ‘ y stra fT i ¢ I T ( ther I 1 ined ef ¢ I 7 tne wW ne é r the S ) Neville Island. the O Rive mil elow “The corporation’s original sub Pittsbure] Ral progres le it ring t ind second Liberty loan bonds were . site eney nlar vere DI re pp! ed al on allotment by the United State sii Se ca he oS a ment i nstruct l f nad some \ ‘ ae rporation and its subsid lone ! nel ructur Contracts we ( tion from time to time subscribed f ‘ te f lar f | 5. Treasury certificates of a net eae tte (not counting exchanges and reissus ; vas st } ty ; ty tio? ’ Of this total, $196,.063.500 have beer ( ind pr¢ plant I f I i l{ \ era ncome taxes, leaving $156.277.000 , ; | ait} Gover f 1, 1919 th I ! if fl ent I I 1 I “In connection witn the Governms na third and fourth Liberty loan bond z f+ ir? tice V irranged to accept subscriptions Departm: equested that the wo1 ( payable in monthly installments. TI} ate t | ! employees to cancel their subscript , ‘ y , é l fi nt reasons the elected 4 c ‘ . . ] t y y 27 ) were re é ed i OLLOWS \ 4 ] r é lere “ ) t1 | 1 ¢ > VV ea » f I Employees and Pay Rolls so subscribed liber >. « I , ’ , 1 sé nd | erty loan bonds, but as t ns were not made through the corpor = idiary companies, a statement of ths nnot e ¢g en. Thi Same conditior t of subscriptions to the third ar r ! nds not entered through the cory h data as it has been possibl to ot irces, Liberty loan committees and ot LL? t scriptions to these ? ees other than through their « of at least the sum of $16,250,01 Red Cross and Other Subscriptior Maintenance Replacements porani n and Its bsidia en Ap! 1, 1917, and Dec. 31, 1918 ( the tot f $7,375,662 to various funds for the Red Cross, United War W Men’s Christian Association, Kr ind the Salvation Army. These sul for the purpose of assisting in f fare of the large number of employe the military and naval establish | ed States, and as a necessary means the properties of the corporation and it yn an extra Red Cross dividend of the common stock, amounting to $ n July 28, 1917, for the purposs olders in contributing to the Ame Fund if they desired to do so. The use the stockholders for that purpose Liberty Bonds Purchased ted to be wholly optional with then vith their interests and patriotic instincts S ( that a very large part of the d ler tering the war, the rporation purchass ror the Red Cross if $84,683,000 of various loa ssued the Alli “The subsidiary companies also assis ind since April, 1917, there have been purchas« Cross, United War Work Campaign ar idditional $15,117,400, tota $99, 800,4( ciatio! in collecting subscriptions to A portion of th rat ' the employees, through accepting orders f pur , ha ar é ur e have be paid out of their salaries and wages been sold deducted accordingly from salaries and ¥ +} “The corporation and its subsidia companir e ver to the organizations named, toget! subscribed for and purchased United States Liberty subscriptions known to have been made A 0 THE IRON AGE oO imof War Exports of Barbed Wire 1,000,000 | Increases in Wages | ons A the Europe i} eht vo I tes we made These ; Cy t s S O! iSIs oT é paid y r | ~ | ~ t : . : 9 \ ' I re e stats for Oct 1918 . { t emp wor ne 10 hou pel ng i ior er num ? tT Y tine ‘ 1 S¢ Vi ore té Th irises fro! 7 - i \ 1 1eT irt ent f the } 11S a tne } ment f reased t Ce t emi ees gvenel! y 4] rs aS tnere rore reases T CoO T TY r r) substantial ime degree emt é en ‘ srher paid | eT 1 é l I y " : T , | } } , ” 2g rn re é er ot emplovees , each of the é ] pnavr f ' i ' ¥ é ! of } department , 4 > nerina y rdinar T c \] ana { ‘ lic; roe of their espect + wu} } times wo . j lesiz seal . a Wa . : int pieasure > \ , { ; ( : ¥ re i emplovee f I | | : | sis f ra Su l ympanie . , se! ¢ rende? they ‘ } ~ } School of Engineering and elect Edward J. Carbert pres V x e-pre len Edward | i¢ WwW im | Baff ecre , treasurer Committees are to be rom . rul te¢ epartn the Harr Bending Co., Harrisburg, Pa ’ « f the i o she yrodu é I a 71 h< a ‘ ‘ I icture C in Co., Lebanon, Pa from the Ur ted States Covert hain for new vessels under ynstru rechant marine service. These orders usv for six months mr Iron and Steel Exports Show Increase Value Larger Than a Year Ago—Tonnage for Febru- ary Declines from January — Decided Change in Character of Movement — Imports Are Light WASHINGTON, Apt ] Kk xports f the manufac total, 2,029 tons were sent to Aust} turers of iron and steel in February showed an increass ada, and 470 to Argentine. of $10,000,000 over the February exports a year age The outgo of structural iron and ‘his increase is important because the January figure 18,680 gross tons a year ago to 34,22 had revealed a $12,000,000 decline as « ired wit} In this year’s figures there were January, 1918. The total export f the nufactures to Canada, 6,991 to Japan, and 5,911 of iron and ste¢ Februat 1919, wer ilued at Of the tin and terneplate export $87,841,600 against 7.918.447 in Februar 1918, a to! n February, 1919—compared cording to the figure mpiled by the Bureau of Fo year ago—4,069 tons were sent to A eion and ect ( ‘ ( The