The Iron Age 1919-03-06: Vol 103 Iss 10

New York, March 6. 1919 ESTABLISHED 1855 VOL 3: No Foundry Built Around a Shop Truck How Material Handling System Is Reflected in New Plant of Peerless Foundry, Cincinnati, Noteworthy for Its Fireproof Construction virtually what the Peerless Foundry Co. has_ transported by the truck into tumbling barrels and done in erecting its new plant at Cincinnati. similarly discharged into the tote boxes when tum B ILDING a foundry around a shop truck is of handling, castings being dumped from tote boxes An electrically operated truck equipped with a bot- bling is completed. A filled tote box holds the sup tom and stand for the purpose carries molten iron’ ply of material at the grinding machines and ar seceived at the cupola to the various pouring floors empty tote box alongside receives the finished cast where hand ladles are filled. It is utilized for trans- ing. The result is there are no piles of castings porting castings throughout the plant, as to the here and there and the orderliness of: the foundry cleaning room and to the shipping department. The with all that this means for maintaining a hig! onspicuous feature of operation is the minimizing esprit de corps is noteworth) 603 —> - ane ese 604 THE IRON AGE March 6 Fes arr ne 7 © allel ET a Tr \ 7 4 } ~ \I ( ' NI | 7 + * * > > - s * e . - * * . . . . 7 * «* > I _— -_—- ee }2 —t—2_>__+—_+_ +> —_>—_+_+—_+ 2 _=— — F / .* | , 8 . ~ ‘ ~ . —_, /~- >. / KY a construction standpoint the foundry each machine The three bays of the foundr speciall onspicuous. It has the large areas of each thus used, the central as well as glass in walls and roof now common in industria bays, there being thus three rows of g plants but in the present instance they have bee! hines extending down the plant. disposed to give a diffusion of light which makes Sand-mixing machines, operated at night for no strikingly distinct shadows and a uniformit pouring has been completed and the castings of daylight illumination that leaves few if any part been toted away by the ubiquitous truck, are + of the molding or other floors to be desired over for cutting and tempering the sand. When t! thers for working spaces. The stability and fire have done their work, there is a neat pile ot s proof character of the structures mposing the alongside each molding machine ready for the ne foundry are unusual. An impression of permanence day’s outturn. An aisle is left on each side of t and of higher first cost than ordinarily true of th entral bay and these two clear ways give a | lass of industrial plant serve so far as the en for the truck to and from the cupola and t ployees are concerned to make the place attractive from the cleaning room. So far as a brief stu to work in, and so far as the company is of the plant goes there is little idle time charg cerned t btain a relatively low firs surance rat to the truck. Tote boxes in the yard are without the safeguar ! revel the terial constituting the cupola demanded, ndeed the company feels the need of the truck is thus in use mornings as w suring rest of the da he use of trucking determined the provisio1 The new plant grew out of the fact t! necrete floor, which, for example, covers thi vear ago the Peerless ‘foundry, then hole of the molding department. A specialty is Ohio, was completely destroved by firs made of light gray iron castings, many of intricate pany, under the directing head of Georg: ape or of long thin-walled parts, such as gear ts president, decided to rebuild in Cincin! wheels, the parts of weighing machines, and i1 site was selected in Carthage, a subur general those castings which some manufacturer proved particularly satisfactory from thi ses in quar vy without machining for assembly shipping and the labor market standpoint into the machinery, apparatus or utensils marketed The ground plan of the plant, which by him. Molding machines are used. It is found signed by Frank D. Chase, Inc., industt they may be left stationary and the molds as made _neer, Chicago, shows the general layout. T are grouped as usual in the pouring floor opposite building is 121 x 200 ft. in size. The 919 THE IRON rtment and pattern vault are located colun the plant proper with an addition ex- it iely to conform to the street or prop- is addition contains the cleaning and irtments. hat th The side track, as shown, $1 here is plenty of ; Varad space ior AGE pig iron, coke and other supplies. stated, so building is fireproof, having steel than 1 ypsum tile roofing, and is equipped vided. 1 One of the features of the steel electric tI one of the illustrations, is the foundry. The con- of ss supporting the main roof. adopted to reduce the number t minimum, while ne ¢ int strut s selected ft ecure a 3 ‘ s con A ! er - y ‘ T is lt re re! ul se ~~ —ié¢ A pro é ed « es the I ! f the ‘ 606 THE structed platforms, are picked up and carried by the electric truck to a Warner elevator and a Stue- bing hand truck conveys the platform from the elevator to any part of the charging platform. The cupola, as will be noted, is located at one corner of the molding floor, and this arrangement is found to be an advantage, because it allows free use of the general floor space in the mold and the iron is delivered quickly by truck. ing the room, electric There are 45 Osborn pneumatic jolting machines. Air is furnished located on a hy WY an Ingersoll-Rand compressor zanine floor in the mez Same corner of : | aA ; } ; & ; 1 {I ih pi St Design of the Peerless Foundr Is Showr I ion Is Show in the : : # ’ the building where the cupola placed. Anothe Ingersoll-Rand air compressor is in the cleaning ' department, and this ympressor als rves tl ore roo ; < I Tor ble A ! re (71)? ¢ ern | Sie ) pete ; ( i i natu? va l¢ AS The « reé ¢ ‘ racks and i } Pay port he ns | Stuebing lift t} f aves considerable time ; f é re re ( ced, ( oO? er ty x eels | ry t i r on C i rY Ss rep R} | S late 1! t S) development h proceede a Peake Brother London, Eng! e tl they have already fully exposed over 2.000.000 tons of exceptionally fine quality ore. The area of the ground 7 involved is some 4500 acres in extent It has been proved, according to the Jron and Coal Trades Re ; that the chrome is wonderfully consistent in value, the average of over 300 san ples taken at wide intervals ‘ being no less than 53 per cent. In additior he vast IRON AGE Ordinarily the baking is done at night hoods for the exhaust of gases are output is obtained without heating w affecting the room atmosphere and pleasant conditions obtaining. Som: night staff is instructed to maintain in operation until a predetermined t: reached and then they are shut off allowed to continue baking in the gra: ing temperature, the ovens being ot} alone until the day forces arrive. The cleaning and shipping room is 1 modious. A New Haven sand-blast am ec Le ® v 2 vr , ¢ ke > Size Whe = ————— = « = - Li 1 in this Cross-section and the Reproduced Photograph Effect of tumblers constitute a part of the e Ss room. A plat rear of the buildi 1 unloading car st! the rear of the bu form at the rr loading an ther platform at ng and shipping by wag Tet nitar arrangements ar the locker room there are showet kmen, which are generously used in t r. The pattern vault is convenient the pattern shop. Becker alumi TI in the foundry Peerless Foundry Co., rke he Love g soil, the mecent é da It f mated Ul Be i would cos unde os. pel é ip t he iin railroa W or o! g machinery and equipmen! 0 of “Safe Practices,” a serie rk < ee ie the National Safety Council, Chicago. illustrated : ‘ } °* wl Street, Guards cevised itters, etc are 19 THE IRON AGE om" ; , i: \ G FIG.2 F 4D STANDARDIZATION of Screw Thread Proposed as ternational Standard . i r iT ir I l i +; : 1Ul¢ ad D nr irge ptr re nt l N | n S ( Vi ¢ i R ( I ‘A rry f hy | Ww ‘ ‘ ——e — 608 HYDROGEN FROM FERROSILICON Details of French Process for Dirigible Balloons THE IRON AGE ‘ March 6, 19) tin +he¢ rn: Syie¢ Ney » + I ng Lorraine and the dered silicon alloy distributor so as to ca f the alloy powder to vary automat onsumption. tich The alloys which have given good r: rious grades of ferrosilicon, manganosj] piegel. One single silicol plant of th n fill in half a day the largest typ. @& i = . ~ = os ? Cc 1 4 en Collapse of the German Steel Syndicat. - eee GQAly As a result of the French annexat a) Allied occupation of ] e Saar district, conditions have ari n, 1 - bringing to an end the existence of the ( Befor Synd te as a great combination, sa n l Cr Trades Review. In the I ester! works recently asked the mission to undertake sales on their ow 01 works concerned being those of Romba en works of the Thyssen company, ae and Rumelingen works of the Deutsche-] : pany, the Lorraine Ironworks and Mini r their Kneuttingen works, the Esc} % Gelsenkirchen company, and the Burba \t a meeting of the steel syndicate lecided to sanction sales by th at irg works, independently of the ror licate The works concerned, whi eyo! d the scope of the syndicate, had tne ments of 2,500,000 tons in A products o1 t of the aggregate allotments of 6.50( “ roup It is considered probable th ‘ yures V be increased, as it is uncert 2 er wi on the | eft bank of the Rh those in the Saar, will be able to maintai he syndicate during the Allied occupatior connection a German newspape v , however, probably have to be reck onclusion of peace, that the Ger ind the Luxemburg works will 1e German economic dist steel syndicate. It is very already operate ul dey e conditions than the Rhenish-Westp] t possess a great advantage in compet ate of affairs. The only que the Lorraine works will obta ture, which were for the most part Ruhr. On the other hand, the Ger confronted with the serious problen n to substitute for the | the French refuse t n r : ippointe I Mone he [Tube Co Pitt \ | ha ( I le ed the build ng ! 1 +} lati f r £ ir? es and € installation oO ng machinery, including two rever idle during I C} plant, which was has resumed full partly operations. 1 4 ur arive te the r martment rk of \ ISHING oming iptured of or the feature V will r ictory be dals or coins dis- success of the United has already manufacturing made from from the States he very 0 itset of the fa July 18, 1918, by the f the American Ex eld pieces of about re d are about 7 ft. eigl some 10,000 Ib have already Steel Tokens Made from German Guns Captured in the Drive of July 18. L918, Stimulate the VICTORY LOAN to eral cities They are camouflage style of many hundreds hemselves of an opportunity to pul German War Steel Output | n the surfaces. A trajectory ible elds indicates that the range ran fron Ax } meters, or say up to about 6% ins shown in the illustration r pring attachment and a has Lot ar nected thereto and passing ar es , AR , ; whee resist their ation. 1 VU : 1 the supplementary adju the wheel tires : » which these g ( y at e f i he natur f the nable every pos tity of Stor the proce es The AY ( Bridgeport, Cor W ly as it sire I ip al dn ' g of the f t e dete ned é th ist « Mfg. ¢ W ( “ | y ’ ID \ It ws: I a W ‘ lelivery Ss Che my ) Stamford, Cor er Ay EK. S. Thomas, Superior Court, receive ; ~ ‘ nport Corporation, Stamford, oper ‘y for the manufacture of st btedness arvregates $908.7 0. w Tl Cr M e & & ( r r $76.500 Street, New York, has ren » 63 Duar t 610 Effect of Roof Design and Heating Systems on rec La The problem of ventilati1 e itlv THE IRON AGE Ma FOUNDRY VENTILATION justing these currents they were made uly ne C fy taken in Fig of air aScel 1 was tl tende1 near L radi ind I with tl y re Du isfl y + eT! " t; r ? ux y r y ’ or? Oo mor ty) ru r , 4 } 1 | Nn nr monit sure é in foundr were cast Cur the pl iro! rent a I ; l nozzles at the lows orner of each window 0 to overcome the chilling effect of a glass it the same time introduced plenty of air dry. The trouble with the system was + Air Circulation rising currents along the side of the wa i dit lala hala al aa _— a falling current in the midd): hs Fecuies Wald. ‘blished by the H. M vhich held down the smoke. Later s) Vetroit, and tne following note nave ef n the article ] dy es ( S ¢ é > é it wi + KI wr ‘ T T pe © ndow were r pivoted a how! 1 : [he s that w ( i ope ip the r I Ss ! A n imou {} } ry oO icd au li ; rt j } ’ | iri? alr I I I x re ) ? ? ry ) ’ ) : ey tr ve i Oo} inde} y Ty i¢ : wa rou { ( ne toot ) ywed to ipe there This iz e! n : I iresn air below the : y r} . I ipper ventilators op¢ i! > l ; ° n ( flow of the smoke y y ' ’ ( ’ f } : ¢ | oundry as | ! OT forced 11! systen ] i it Ss appl A rr’ TS ¢ 5 > roo! i I ‘ ri€ yuestl I Ma eopl inder the misap] va ade ry a y tilatiy Y y ’ S é ) P ne ' : \ i M teat of I re I lich the } ried rh te uC s a defl — l i I il B, } ‘ > ! lr nl vith e Pond ha eY ed it mor ’ nd ) I ( nat ey Vv f | f <> ( t y ) ro h ‘ le t} y wil! na » fi then risé t ) s out nr £ ? ( | the o f ind to c1 f . ha hey is cnang ling? edal + ! When pour | 17 ne endency r | = ? ‘ ‘ Y ' f m ea y he ‘ ey ind , fr > ) 5 = f ] ' ) , ’ f I \ | rt ‘ r t l D } ts } ! < a1) Y 5 ni i! \ l Y } } ry where n ? fficis ‘ ! e the s ! F : f hy, ‘ } é é a } ry ‘ YD ‘ > | i Ou l er ‘ I the irrow ed O7 ts own merits. The type ot W + , y Lora? © . : ? 1eoc I reed ail vsten f eating has been i Is of smoke to be generated at given timé ) e for ahout 20 ve The first 11 stallat OI { e considered and then provisio! seat : , . ff si 2 } } - sc i+ 1a TY wit! yvsten ers und ducts and ire oO] is violent smoke. In some cases It 1 nake special distribution of steam coils V hot air were blow? p diagonally acros intention of helping air currents rather thal fro} he lowe} , By properly ad irpose of heating the building lorses Suggested Price-Basing Points Purchasing Agents’ Association Adopts Resolution —Judge Gary’s Duluth Speech Is Quoted—Firm Coal Market Predicted by Operators’ Representa Tr i \ ¢ ge Agents’ Association of Chicago at é between I ears 1914 »] Penns neeting, Feb. 25, in the Hotel LaSalle vhich includes all of the |] h distr : hich was attended by members of se\ e great Bethlehem a1 East Per ns passed resolutions indorsing ar t ncereased its itput ster the movement inaugurated the luring tl ime thre ore of Rolled Steel Manufacturers, tate Oo UU! ncreasea ( eeks ago, to have Chicago re-estal roducts pel nt. |! Is “ ng point tor steel and ste yrroducer ot rolied tee I ‘ ! n followed an address by Jame ent and Indiana increased ; president Acme steel Goods ( nree y ir We be eve tl e pe I v sident of the new body of Weste2 ip for industr eas following hich views were ey tes ‘ not o7 rod Oo t ting nished pi a In 191 t t ‘ ‘ lini ed St es OOO O00 ) }. E. MaeMurray’s Address “a - 1, ‘ ' r - i ; ( { cago, about 40 years ayo irgn ad rict and a he bet! em and Eastern Ps e s hman began making steel ' ania distr I 1u ‘ er Unio | ne ight to have begun making Ss me ent, Unicago a nt and t ] . w+ ¥ y } ¥ ryt y ( So far as | am able to ascertai i 2 I l . ' n for the present practice of ma! ima, New York and New how i ng point. for prices on stee yond quest that ¢ 1 n producer t \ ‘ Gy , j 7 - e. | , at, ‘ — f vas tne eacnher man in tne nea 1 S¢ f Ww ¢ ndustry in this country and { Ay { nd ] r burgh distr 5 onsequent ‘ at, vO 1) Oo} i) eal he + ; (>) }? ! e manufacture of stes ent and ( - ‘ } . +34 I} ; ‘ ' place nere were large lal Lde that neighborhood, and ner t ! ! nen considered a pretty i su ’ : Quotes Judge Gary's Duluth Speech tne n are eT 1or tr e mall ning as pricing | steel } lu that nas he re re ¢ | ¢ oe Y A rude zh ittered thes Py the War Industries Boat vl +} ' ry prices I Stee pr Y : pe y ina } Pittel r . . i) ; , t lout Inlw. 1918 wi T { ) \ S oO? tted fro? I ided £ ] ‘ fF roll ‘ f d f. Pittsburgh ' va ‘ , i I r ting g ; ‘ , t 7 i \ 7 y 4 S y y QO ‘ f I y rom the thre bon Per a ' , ' Vt ‘ the original mines of Pennsviva ? . ~*~ ire produ ne eT ttie iron or the entire tonnage was importe: : f é th ’ } Pit 0.000 tons. and 1.250.000 tons were gt ty nywhe ‘ tion of the ore has decidedly moved rt th T t ty yivania and has come to the Lake n tl ted States to-da ering fift zh tota } the only large icer of pract ill th ture of rolled steel] has not moved entire line outside of the Pitt reh dist t great rapidity as the mining of the “Fourth—We do not believe it ir practice f 611 LL LE ALLL, LLL LALO ee | dl oe veer meet oe a 612 THE IRON AGE — a steel company, owning equally large and efficient Dr. Honnold said the average buyer of mills in the Pittsburgh district and in the Chicago dis- to think the operators made a profit of £ trict, conceding that its costs of production are equal, but he said this was not true, except to charge its customers who consume and manufacture few very efficient mines. in the Pittsburgh district $5.40 per ton less than it Dr. Honnold referred to an agreer harges its consuming customers in the same lines of nd effective until the end of the business in the Chicago district.” the Fuel Administration is a third party At this point one of the purchasing agents arose Mine Workers of America, whose men nd asked Mr. MacMurray how he proposed to proceed pound of Illinois coal that is to procure the desired end } taken 1e would not like to gamhie on wi Mr. MacMurray replied that he did not want to give though he admitted having a J conrag away all his ammunition at this time, but that the the miners. If a manufacturer, he association has employed one of the most prominent with at least a 30-day supply at his pla attorneys in America and proposes to have him pro iple of keeping his powder dry. He ceed amicably, if possible, but by battle if must be mention of the attitude of the coal n In his statement including sheets among the prod ucts sold on the Chicago bass n 1918, Mr. Mas Murray ; iS 1n error Also inaccurate is h statement that the Condition of Belgian Iron W rks change abandoning Chicago as a basing point was made “when no one was looking” inasmuch as steel me! he following appears to be the especially Eastern producers, sought to have the singl hief Belgian iron works to-day: pase re-estal shed. rT * MOSELLE: Thr Freight Declared a Charge on Capital George Lasker, representing the Chicago Boile Makers’ Association, Chicago, gave the opinion that the ( ‘EAU: Four fur freight charge complained of is a capital charge against estimate of period of restoration the consumer and a burden on the community at larg« , nae ee H. H. Meehan, of the A. B. Dick Co., Chicago, presi ' ; ° ‘ the other by S dent Purchasing Agents’ Association of Chicago, s: fo, ald ‘ Four ! the elimination of the $5.40 freight charge would en rmany are able Chicago manufacturers to compete more advai fresh tageously in all markets, whereas now they are at Two disadvantage in the East. Another member said that the operation of the sole Pittsburgh base tended t siete belittle Chicago, as at the outset a manufacturer build T . ing a plant there found it necessary to pay Pittsburg! to Chicago freight, even though the steel was produced locally, while after the plant was in operation a sin charge was imposed on the steel consumed within it rv , both He knew of railway supply manufacture1 located in the East for tl Oo! s Some apprehension was expressed over the po ty of other cities making a similar demand to be d tinguished a a 0vé ng point, but Mr MacMur? thought the x ttle danger of Jud G ( the Stes TY had co ncing pointed why Duluth « not be properly mad ng poll and hy d th ume of product itsid the | ago i? irgh district not great enoug! istii tner nt ston i I M I St I the Pit rgh district produce eryt} hich req ( Ct Oo second t na tnat ur i i fill every t would ] r ior 1 tO ide a basing point. It was stated in the course of tl Tungsten and Vanadium Export: ! on U oF re ASUMCTS We! Exports of ferrovanadium and fert Ch} ( t ext I not ( ! metal neavy in 1918 Pitt AI i nd na ne , ASS ¢ n 19] wt was the reco ourcnt was to i ] ; ecer ver as follows y Vr. MacMur ted tl i he esident ] ‘ rer onsum! TiO? T out , DOE Lele. tT ns, iT yped pl 000,00 ton ne signing of the armistice account ne in 1918 for the December, 1918, ex] Warns Against Under-Estimating Coal Situation inadium were only 51,073 lb. as agair Prior to the consideration of the freight questio lecember, 1917, and those of tungsten and the meeting was addressed Dr. F. C. Honnoid, s« 1225 lb. in December, 1918, as compared retary of the Illinois Coal Operators’ Association, who. in December, 1917. Before the war until Feb. 1. was district representative of the United re very small, having been in 1913 01 States Fuel Administration. He told the purchasing f ferrovanadium, with those for tungste! agents that coal is not going to be cheaper in the near ely recorded. future and that those who have surplus supplies 1 continue to consider them an asset. Until there is Contracts for 800 public schoolhouses, general revival of business, he declared, Illinois coa $80,000,000, have been held up as a result of will not be cheaper, and it may go higher. For o1 ecording to a partial tabulation of building : thing, the miners have a feeling they do not have t throughout the United States, which has been mac 7 work as hard as they did, and that even paying hem the statistical section of the division of pubic ¥ ri +nta no some $8 for a day of 8 hours does not produce the desired nd construction development, U. S. papers hed oD yield. The men would not work full hours, and mines Labor. It is estimated that the completed Se — that could hoist 4000 tons raised but 3000: and the will show that the school projects held in abeyanc cost of production was up approximately 25 per cent. gregate more than $100,000,000. New Light on Transverse Fissures Phosphorus Streaks as a Cause of Such Rail Defects—How They Form and What They Are—Effects of Reheating the Blooms ~<A COMSTOCK ry it ré erse fissure were l This £ rmal fatigue under ternatir ng 1 n ! med most reasonable to the write? to use as the a ! because from work done in this act irregular ul «A vell as the work of other investigators that were 1 A structural differences, in the vast again. were found between metal at the When the use } sures and meta t similat pos oO red I t _ me } = OF g ; noT Within ( x now hod ofl ‘ ections e with a i ( ition é ~ emat ‘ t ¢ on the i +) ly =e ar I ’ é va ¢ l t 351 Y ‘ Ssure y t l | 5 \ \ nment , ' ’ er thar ! ection ? S Tne I Ss part lla tho r nit ' E ised | other wor ' who have 1 i! f é ( D nve tions of trans oO t S Wit t T r ind lI i t l f » > rea ‘ ! rear +} f ’ r The Etching Reagent e fissur: : 1 ir i ride eagent that the w : Ld ire Dn r f f learest and most reliable resu mr erT + 1 3 l tions or the micros ne ; . ' 7 : l ended by Dr. J. E. Stead. As used ’ , yr ae i vas n yv disso ! 2 dD n ( cupr { ry magcnesiun hlor 1¢ y yy OY ‘ 2 5 i and the smallest possibdk jual y t T ) nd ¢ itine with alcohol to 250 ec. Its : > } 1 stee irtace Oo! ts 1 ie} { vy on norma! met vl ri¢ is remains | | f 1 rt ‘ ’ ‘ : not continued to O $s areas on a polisned f r ‘ + 1 rignt spots or i ] e! ; ) ¥ Y cnromilun nic ind no Y iw olutior he te, : : : ‘ ospnorus under tn ( ' 1 . 4 9 era T Ss pnospno! OL Wi i rneé nortant ind most omm nlv eT our rl . eiopeda \ t! eu ng may Dé : : ; : How Phosphorus Streaks Form : vy dissolving off the dey ted 1 , ‘ ; i is desc! ed DY‘ (_nart na | ’ ’ n followed bv the writer 1n al e on transverse-fissure rall ind the pay + . . y t the St? T ‘ y hing was always continued to ( ) ’ _ -" ag “Ania s1ReT ~ +hat « +r) : ‘ ments T it ’ } he ww < ‘ lar as could be rdged, so tnat a true At A yntrasts between different samples was nown pr er e ir er nee | I rvo f ! re nurer Yr ‘ . i 4 > AA ' . 3 : ‘ d enadr y ne.t ‘ tals ’ ‘ : ' ] et } — wall wi ha ‘y= er a meta vr er a y ‘ ¥ + y rs the : ‘ ’ x iter is id sed Ste ud y Or TY ¥ @ et () ‘ y+ } - 4 dar ; sryemninene pes einen et OETA 614 THE IRON AGE become so only by diffusion in the solid state. This takes place to some extent in the soaking pits, espe- cially in regard to carbon, which becomes thoroughly diffused much sooner than phosphorus, according to Stead and other authorities. When the ingot is rolled out into a rail any irregularities in composition are of course rolled into streaks, and instead of a dendritic structure, the result is a lamination. Since the carbon usually becomes thoroughly diffused in the soaking pit, the laminations do not appear in the ferrite-pearlite structure, but since phosphorus diffuses very slowly the laminated structure may often be expected to show in the finished rail when treated in such a way as to reveal the distribution of this element. Every ingot, when first cast, is chilled quickly on its outside by the cold mold with which it is in contact, and hence its outer skin is nearly homogeneous, and free from coarse dendrites, segregation, etc. For this reason, the outer surface of a steel rail is always free from high-phosphorus streaks to a greater or less depth. Transverse fissures generally have their nuclei a short distance inward from the surface of the rail section, and it has often been noted that the nucleus will occur at the same distance below the top of the head as the topmost distinct high-phosphorus streak. This streak would, of course, have been subjected to a greater bending moment in service than any streak ex- isting nearer the center of the rail, and hence might be expected to crack first. The cause of the high-phosphorus streaks has been seen to be selective freezing in the ingot, which cannot be avoided by any means now known. The effects of this selective freezing may, however, be remedied or overcome by diffusion in the solid state, which is a very slow process in regard to phosphorus. If longer heating of the solid steel in rail manufacture will de- crease the intensity or distinctness of the high-phos- phorus streaks, by allowing more thorough diffusion, then rails rolled from reheated blooms should show these streaks less distinctly than rails rolled direct from ingots. A most interesting fact in this con- nection is that out of the few hundred rails that have failed from transverse fissures on the New York Central lines, just two of them had been rolled from re- heated blooms. If it could be shown, therefore, that rails rolled from reheated blooms had the high-phosphorus streaks less in evidence than direct-rolled rails, a strong support would be secured for the theory that these streaks had some in fluence on the origin of the fissures. Investigation of 36 Rails To investigate this point, 24 samples of rails were secured through the kind co-operation of Dr. Dudley, of the New York Central lines, 12 of which had failed from transverse fissures, while the rest had given good service in track All but one of the former had been roll dir¢ ct from ingots, : nd all but two of the latter had been rolled from reheated blooms Twelve samples of rails that had failed from transverse fissures, and that had bee previo isly received from Dr. Dudley, the Louisville & Nashville Railroad, and R. W. Hunt & Co., were also taken into tl vestigation, mak- ing 24 transverse-fssure rall and 12 rood service ralls. Sections for microscopic examination were cut from the heads of all the sam- ples, longitudinally and upright, that is, parallel to the plane of the web. The sections covered from % to % in. of the height of each head, and were so located as to cut through the nucleus of the fis- sure in samples that showed transverse figs. 2, 3, 4 In those that did not, the sec- the Nuclei of and 5—Photomicrographs of Longitudinal Sections March 6. the center of the head. From some of several sections were examined. The grad spect to presence of alumina, slag inclus tribution of sulphides, was done by th examination of the carefully polished s etching, the terms used being descriptive ity of the steel judged solely on the bas ticular kind of inclusion under considerat The samples were next repolished and Stead’s cupric chloride reagent, all as near to the same degree, and were classified in ; as the sulphur prints, according to the metal judged from the distinctness of th shown. Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 illustrate the ter describing the quality after this etching. | ,’ samples were all repolished again and etche r if 20 sec. with the aqueous picric acid soluti: mended by Stead, and graded as before. In the table these results are all averag rails that failed from transverse fissures an that endured good service without failure. get the average classification of each kind o! respect to the different characteristics that amined. For instance, in regard to sulphur of 24 transverse-fissure rails, 16 were classed in this respect, or 67 per cent; 6 were classed ’ or 25 per cent. and the remainder, or 8 per c ; “poor.” The classification of direct-rolled rails practically the same as that for the transverse-fissy rails, and the rails rolled from reheated blooms wer also similar to the good-service rails, so that seem desirable to fill out the last two columns of table except in regard to the high-phosphorus str Discussion of the Results It is readily seen from the table that the majority of both the failed and the good rails were classed as “good” in regard to sulphur prints, presence of alumina, anecgt rears - ee “te ern WG EY * - i oe 2 Fig. 4 Fig } Transverse Fissures, Etched with Cupric Chlorid - Ss ‘ nae : ° fied 16 Diameters, Showing Distinct Phosphorus Streaks at th tions for the microscope were cut near Every Case in which an Examination Was Mad THE IRON AGE 615 in regard phides, with either no ferrite or only practically no cementite from In Rolled ‘ differences respects, een to average better in regard to sul- in regard to alumina and slag inclu- less ferrite and more The showing in re have, on the average good rails o sulphur prints should not be taken to mean that rails showing segregation in these prints are more apt to give good service, without failure, than rails of which the sulphur prints are good, for this investigation is concerned with only one particular type of rail and there is no question whatever about segregated ails being especially susceptible to another type of failure known as a split head. These results show, however, that segregated ul phides are not a cause of transverse fissures. In regard to alumina inclusions, the results might be considered as indicating that these have some effect on the fissur« were it not for the fact that no case has arisen wl 1 streak of alumina particles was found in line with ar lose to the nucleus of a fissure. The showing in r gard to free ferrite and cementite is merely a corrol ration of the fact several times stated by other write: hat transverse fissures occur most frequently in hard gh-carbon rails The indication is worth noting however, that a thick ferrite network in the micré structure een oO meé I es tel le \ tow rmati of f re vhile cementite-bearing s ne nea meal i te! it y A ] [ red in the table ! ‘ y eT! r the two t ( ra issifica ns that were sim n the genera | howing that none of these peculiariti ld be I mportant iuse of ral erse hssure Che VO terla vevel SI “i ec ed differs f t as iti figure fo e tv I f ra dicate th t here here ; ea rrié y ‘ vpetween tne I tL tne t ire 1 the f ' on of the » ‘ 4 i so | t I 1 failed rails were classed as poor or bad regard to the high-phosphoru treaks ywwn by the cupric chlorid etching, only 42 per cent of t rood-sel era wert o classed; and the aqueous picrik d etching these figures most the e way { ’ pari ‘1 ’ ’ ra ’ he 7 r ! m Lne rye ¢ wy nd Sn r) ‘ vi | ’ ‘ ‘ the | ] g of the « y » 4 , nod é i _ . ‘ ; + rYlé ; ‘ ft ; Summary of the Evidence ater pl ne, apenas 616 THE IRON AGE March 6, jo) that rails rolled from reheated blooms are more ductil than direct-rolled rails, regardless of their finishing temperature. He explained this by referring to the re moval of rolling strains in the reheating furnace, ar explanation which was not considered valid by Prof Hoyt in discussing the paper. Probably a better dif fusion of phosphorus was the chief reason for the bet ter ductility found by Mr. Shimer in his rails rolled from reheated blooms, and this aspect of the micro structure was not mentioned either in his pa the discussion. It should be understood that the streaks need not be ways present in direct-rolled rail because if the ingot was kept in the soaking pit long enough the phosphorus would diffuse there just as well as in the reheating furnace for blooms, although it would probably take longer for thorough diffusion t occur in an ingot than in a bloom. Furthermore, a rail rolled from reheated bloom m oht readily how distinct treaks if both the ingot and loor had bee ne ance ora ect-rolied 1! o show a distinctly ty ed co tir n regard t sphorus are mucl re er thar h¢ of Yr: Sc 7 ed from reheated ns ; ' T ‘ Tio T I ; 6 reheating the oon sure iY i Or r for t y fis r¢ ne é ‘ t reé Y 17 would retute I Bu tne € ae ¢ I suppo S I ( tenti that seg? } . tine Larnats nd f almost 1 : = ‘ hu ‘ the y l head, is } ’ T PY é ; , , ; wv hv diff al at tT ) + l lx Fatigue Failure vs. Transverse Fissures i Y DY ? r y I I é | I ) Tine ) ne opt Tro? e st Mr. Howa 1 ] l ] fo tne f ré t t ! e { B : per “ nthar ‘ Y ¢ T ( y y y Tr vy ! : ? } 4 t ‘ n fi { } wh} ] | ‘ 1 : ; 28 + ‘ 7 ™€ ) tovether | TIL ‘ f 4+} ‘ y } The Bureau of Standards, Washington, announces the pul lication of circular N iS, cont ning the re sults of special studies that have been made of solders for aluminum. It discusses the use, serviceability, method of application and composition of solders for aluminum in the light both of special tests made at the bureau on commercial and other compositions of solders and of general experience with them TO ASSIST FOREIGN \DE Export Association Here to Co- American Chamber in Lo: ment of the export trade of the Ur American Manufacturers’ Export Assox ip with American chambers of commer tries. The first step in this direction ent eonference between G. M. Cassat the American chamber m London Smith, president of the Export associat ments were completed whereby the two co-operate in a definite and practic As part of a broad plan to stimu + at ~ The American Chamber of Comm receives a great many inquiries from Br vhich require investigation in the Unit: Export association will undertake to rer while, on the other hand, the London or perform a like service by answering \merica regarding local conditions, cr¢ pecial trade opportunities in England In discussing this co-operative p declared that American chambers of co re in a particularly advantageous po American manufacturers and exporte rn markets. He outlined tl we ( har f } tish manuf ! i St f I ‘ ite \ juest cor ditic on Br ' t of goods f ( é ind Trade ¢ ( ther 1 hr if er up for 1 T ré to T ‘ ‘) t or me f f t | s ‘ I Gover! d } exporter ut, wl ¢ that * } ( Brit Rr } ] i Ww B I Trade \ the « 1 ( é { } m y Y } et x A o-AI t ‘ t ke ers < | } es ( ¢ I 1 UF ( pe } ‘ mt desires is Tt nt eX , } j I I da The Detroit Twist Drill Co. has ap} Wirthlin-Mann Co., Cincinnati, as its sales tives in that city. 1919 THE IRON AGE 617 ick Arm Units for Bar Stock base of the machine is so const . ( od inits for long stock and three arm units recepta k are being marketed by the Kent Ma Kent, Ohio. The bar stock rack arms for long Computer for Flexible Couplin ide in single sectional units, which may be distance apart to accommodate the length A device, ane oe ee the e held. Each of these units is made up of a orrec! cP e fi wen nterlocking sections so that any number of SF!V®, 18 Di bul y tl ( 90 ny height of unit may be obtained. The base West street, New York. | t is heavy and projects out beyond the long- ‘®™@board a ereby giving each unit stability and keeping nature 0! gravity of the load within the area of Seer with thet e base is provided with a projection in order minute the prope! ul ! y be used as an arm for holding stock, this - ding to the stability of the unit. The “New acing of the arms may be varied by using the and marketed ice Ba space collar and large spaces may be ob- Hamburg. Pa.. and late ie yet bulky material, such as tubing, etc. (Co. and the Ni Century 1] if ¢ spacing collars interlock with the bas¢ Lock Haven. Pa.. ; ews or holding devices are required in the keted by the Centurv H ( ' The hole in the sectional pieces of the arn . new " hia} ’ t the vertical spindle and the interlock- ite natte? ire fitted so that there is practically no t ; ( With the combination of adjustable s] ay be adapted to any material and be placed on the vertical spindle to roper classification of the materia llustretion shows a three-arm sectior complete in itself, for storage of ock. The short length in the long bai nnoying, caus*ng considerable difficulty onger lengths of stock. To avoid this length rack arm has been designed onnection with the longer units. Th arms of this device may also be varied terlocking spacing collars, se that any f material is well provided for. are made of cast iron and have bee ill the material that can be stored on yt New Blanchard Grinding Machine ts large vertical surface grinding ma at smaller in capacity, has been brought Blanchard Machine Co., Cambridge, Mass., lly in shops where the quantity of flat warrant the larger size, where work 8 in. in diameter must be ground one piece r where dies, punches and other small tools small lots for the reason that not enough same height need be ground at the same nt a larger chuck than the 16-in. installed hine. iterguards are provided which form a com- sure around the wheel. One of the guards and can be swung around, leaving a wide ir for removing and placing the work. The not a meneame Gee ee ALE EL POLS —' Pt, eg er et Pac 618 THE IRON AGE March 6, }9) DcTY AND ARRAN THE Sliding Head Gang Drill A 26-in. adjustable head gang drill is announced by the Barnes Drill Co., Rockford, Ill. One of the chief features of this machine the lateral adjustment which gives spindle range from 18 in. betweer any two adjacent sp ndles to 96 11 between the two outside spindles This is an all-geared machine, hav ng no yne or belts with tl x tne shaft lt ur gt peared speeds al | eigh eared feeds on each spind ! ( ndependent of ch other. On the driving shaft at the t 00 lb. to be delivered at 10 to 60 lb. at the ‘ear there i evel gear di n expanding fric y turning an adjusting screw. The nozzle tion clutcl ntrolle ertical vel The light pressure on a push button valve. W spind| topped o throwir tl pressure at 150 lb. and the comp lut r out without shif peed geal ntinuously, the manufacturer state QO) era ljustment eces e delivered from the nozzle indefinite to h nterv } ‘or the sliding | i spin furnished with automatic control if dle outside of the imn, and the counterweight cha iintains the tank pressure at the desir n broug! | ivht ove sheave whe: o that the rht ’ pplied for direct or alternating hang back of the bridge co1 ct Che ( red. The machines are made in two sizes head is raised and lowered quick]; eal f a in] i cu. ft. capacity per min. and a la esirable featu for b ft. capacity me \ a r ~~ =) ‘a — ~ — ww — a. “ - _ out _ co — ma? — : re; L'} pressul \ »p tC l 1 ot e one rl n is I ne T h pre lire » DOWE D 0 ned at ea re olution and the crankshaft is balanced betwee ty bodies of air, giving a « 1ioning effect. The tank ca pacity is sufficient to store air for from 15 to 30 min denending upon the size of nozzle used and the pressure delivered. A steady flow may be had, however, by let- ting the motor operate continuou lati ] t { | P4f tal Two-Stage Air Compressor Outfit Desig A regulating valve perm) the tank pressure of 150 Power Station or General Factory Us iews on Labor Problems Vary Widely Secretary Wilson Encourages Men to Insist Upon Present Wages—Director-General Piez Says Men Must Yield to Some Extent—Mr. Replogle Expresses His Opinio l¢ » increase and i I \ nt mee emand é ng W na l ( i . . a st nt ‘ é es | é ‘ I i pos Y ) l ré ~ Wils I a i T é wave ) é T ere \V ‘ I 5 ip! in ire . oan ] Vir. Re pios le's Opinions l eT l VV itior f tl R B Bi é . \\ ] i I t e snor on f } ] r nar é ‘ O I I pe ( \ rt ; ¥ Wilson said, if « ry l ea ft ct ne sh d i ! 1 effect ' Director General Piez’s Statement y\ VeVE 10¢ rt fle ' Wa : ( ‘ ide ! 4 | ( ! f } +} ‘ 1 at leas rn ffer ng . . . e $6 d nd é rds, } P yinted out tl yt ] A ! \ yn tha hipb ling 11 ) peter r pl ‘ ) ] ‘ ’ r vo ke? , S y ’ y ‘ T ne, n f ! , + espe ‘ ‘ I I r ’ ir leading ist ric B M I rpe ted ! Sé : yf those ho e il pe e rivors of the It . e lowered to a ympetitive is | , ne ’ arke T Poy r¢ y ; 5 | \ ate reduc I ne Lore ‘ namniouwmet row il - I nd h ke r opportu é ; i stries, le? ¢ I iG ment lT I ng I f n the o ind of a mnsidera ? luction of the individual. You have t im rece is so closely and fairly for the g and the members of your craft are s \ r meet "I ted in a continuance of its prosperit r r ttee aj t Merchants’ ir aid in getting the industry back or M rers' A B r hat 1 competitive basis.” ne me! they are dischat e directed K to tne General Plas alad todk éceasion » a letter ain i hich thev ente1 th, ; Tt ' ntad 1 States Senate, to charge that the United t that ; r the d reeaq men remain i vment* Agency was dominated by the urge tie near the ifte He did this in snswer to a resolution of thei? ney help to swell the n f unemr ing whv onlv union men were employed te 1 bad ry} ‘ r lhe 619 sate ih a apt et 520 THE IRON AGE March 6, 1935 May one or two very simple practices. In the first place, would minimize the possible developms r / f tl vast majority of men back toward every man should be directed toward the home fron surpluses which follow this flooding of vhi he was drafted into servic: In order to secur¢ a large quota of stranded soldiers d his Government, before discharge, should prov ervice each man with a non-salable, non-transferable railroad Employment managers of the Beth his home destinatio If not too cumbersom: Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, |] in its operations, each discharge ridic should be locks & Shipbuilding Co., Baltimor provided with two checks—one ‘cas le’ at or n and other industries, recently held a 1mount sufficient ke care of | expenst i1uUrIn¢g JONN K Shaw, federal director Unité he time required to t to his e; the othe Reserve for Maryland and various ashable’ in pers: 10 days after his discharge, tt Baltimore, and discussed plans for bett« making it impos e for hi to ‘blow of | eturning soldiers and sailors. Each en funds during t impu rele ger said he is doing and will continu from the army to see tnat the men are fiver ~ tine y ng W : ne ne New England tate rep t ‘ . I S ( hough Portlan Mi report é i ( (oti) work and ing pre inemployment an New \Y City reports conditions a labor unrest t it 4 tr he merica t steadily becoming worse. Albany increase for ' ess tl the ( a surplus of 6000 workers and rece 3,0 4 Binghamton has 700 more work: but t ! es | ties reportil ' Kingston 1000, Rochester 5000, Syra mort rious t ( event e pe ent t nd Glens Falls 500. Cié . New Jer e} ilso ha i eriou 5 l the perc: a surplus of 2000, Elizabeth, 700, J« Che f ‘ re t Newark 6350, New Brunswick 150, Pass to ) 000 and Trenton 3000 W ilmingt me nal f 1500 in elar n ttee ha e¢ appointed Pennsylsylvania reports 11,000 I ( t est the state list Philadelphia reports ( t irgk has a surplus of 12,000 con ploye er) th a een reported emiskilled workers and 1000 clerks. § It | bes rep { his respondent plus of 1500 and Allentown and Sout! } ! ire ‘ 0 he nd steel industries of tl ? ¢ ‘ ' é e 9 ‘ft ) ling BOO ~ fy ‘ t Pitts re nd )} tne ! The Emp Ser ( 1 nemployed he state f ( Cleve loledo liste . r ' - ne? Tt Ch ' rove in that stat I 4 imi } ‘ ible put ? 1 n 4 I rn ior a j I ’ ] na me I ! ] ( Hou R TO?! j 670 Pe pad na R | ind 5 “et nnd ! 00 nlaceables : et) ( | on Garv Oo j I} ipo 00 in South ] u A ‘ ‘ A \ ipolis ! ts labor | ( r ? emeé r lus in $ ) HH 9 ( dre Preparing Employees for Executive | : 5 I VV (, pre ient ne C! 4 \7 ° } , ( | has Ive cha Ul ( l e in his « to forn ( isin¢ | ? > y 1 ’ T TY)T ny ( } ‘ bY I ne end l employee port repo} r f i) ‘ }] t1 ned to lL ex itive p< t S 750. M N ( 00. ? i O of this preliminary researc} New | 50, P n 125, Men 2 ite of busines nd industry to be 4 i i st rd Springs 425 N B l I Men S ( hristi I Assor atior labor shortage of nd Willimant and Torringt There are planned four courses: executive report nditi 66 al.” turing, selling and finance. Among the su 621 19 THE IRON AGE | \ ‘ ind IStI a ‘= in atio! - + , ‘ + y . nufacturing and its machinery, ranization, accounting and cost-find- luction, DOOKKeeping and lditing, _— lan mY . +} isiness iaw, pra ca atne S ! the ’ ayvou opneratior ictol cation and on, prir s rorelgn market ink es I n and nance orpor , ed Topics Pp . f yr , . mi ee has offered tl following J... pertis W thods by which employers n 0- icc ] emplovees in sending the latter to y + . . ry? ‘ { b y j I t yf S The « é veland Chamber Advocates National Camp Cleveland ( } ( idy the unemp ! t i t fo WW nr y I i 1tlorY oO! ne pro rn oO a ni l ) ‘ T) rede! departme! I Le } ic} a 1 ry i¢ ! S shed the | rt oal i el irge Duy tne W | 4 V i i ne neia l ( ' rt puver + ' } 1 ' } repartme s ld I T headed Db ne ove! \ } +} err é é ites. Appt o ting mi ‘ ~ rning y t} i ‘ fy v1 isines \ } mp1 eY ’ } \ y y STy i i ? ti Tt sno rate w ‘ I snou ) s} , ve inuia rT no ? nla? é iti? é eT I ‘ j -oner hx we n ul nit Ee? T y rTe¢ D Dp ( | RB r | HB. Bole. Hvdi ~ 2 A ‘\ 1 t vi M ( | ( Ww . ~ } ~ +; ed > Shipyards Stil losed Cr é | } } t : 5 ‘ T r 7 } D T \ een +, ‘ f tlame i ; heacinning The ‘ nee } ta] " ww} \ ‘ AISUI t Me al rr es VN 4 } T ¥ ’ ed tne ty ‘ | ) ~ v’ ‘ c L] (y —_~ r r) estes imac ALR IA od 622 m 1 iii rate September-Octobe: SE 2S pi S} Mact hun Wo } y a 14) \ W \ " l r t ) ) a} Af Ty TY ; ¢ yy} eY or l | é res] r | rn > Ba ryy? D na l ly es nha pre yf the workers of will 516.80 pri im vel! ) \T f ( onty f Labor pel ar THE IRON take place March 10 The ton was first established for period l l 18. whet the iron was 3.45 Board Decisions i | ) y t ’ ( i | na ‘ ' f l I ) , “ ¢ ~ } S N | +} @¢ é i¢ ore y and the H { gton Steel |] yn, Ind., the bi lec it res he ? ? na inaward. An inter @ fi col a ‘Mr. E I Ke! he dec n of the board I ne was l arged AGE M istings. As ecommend that there is a Mr. E. er position without pay for lost time The board has also made public a 1 1 Labor | inst Emerson Brantingham Co., et “We are thoroughly convinced,” conflict in th Tucker be rest se of the Federa 1 that the companies have been fair +} + »« } <7 . « , . he men, and that they are paying of workmen they employ, consid I istries, and the size and locatio1 ing conditions, as well as the was r place some of them (notal Denounce the United States Ei nployi ¢ ry ‘ y er Hi } } ; ( m ees ‘ I \ St | HO 000 ’ ) f ( } | 3 y if r¢ sLa A D oxima ly 200.00 ty ] ; 5 iu Ll istrict, ae oO n to a continuance Ky ’ Se \ The y { ee! t el ) oft he ty ) | es ) ) ne prese! ‘ ] I no ea a all Uu I I ! ‘ I W Au l ! ery € De { rl T tne placl! Emplover ire y illy commit ‘ y sery é to ti 15+ j I adit al st ¢ OY \ Ty? "1 } y | a nD ) il nce of the present fiscal year and ! nouid de a igo! y } on heavv 20 y") y > Opa | lenlo? ¢ Labor Notes W Bo: 1 to be ln effe The plants inclu the Hazard Mfg. Co., > & Spi o., the Vulean Iron Works, Exet W _W.H. Nicholson & Co., Royer M Met m Brot] Ce ind Delahunt ( e workers are granted ! wage workers an . . rke er 21 vw Penns) ! Railroad has eduls t fie machi ut ? forces o engage eat h al erT t : are affected the working tim Lalance-Grosjean Mfg. Co., tin plate isb irg, Pa., yyvee free of charge. een in the service of the company e $500 with $100 added for each yea company, until the maximum reacneda Jvonn has insured the life Death benefits for a a 1 ting Grey, general manager, :, Replogle Is Summoned to Europe Foreign Trade Situation as It Affects Iron and Steel Will Be Considered—French Government Willing 1 llow Importing of $40,000,000 Worth of Machine 1 $ All Mia 4 A cablegram from Bernard ibled to the W e B W eded chairman of the War Industries Mr. Baruch’ eg? \ in exceed ted received announcing that the French é ng to allow French merchants to im Under the heading of etals, ncluded n ore worth of machine tools as well as un ro! rap, iron filings, copper ore, lead ore, 1 ents of agricultural implements, pro-_ ore, nickel ore, ors above t credits for a year can be arranged f chromium, molybdenu and wolfram) the most important steps that has been Under the heading of ““manufact t the export situation. It touches one of following items may be imported rat ve points in the whole question of in Machit xports to the Allied Governments in nee so far had maintained strict import «raphy, pl The relaxations announced last week Pp eeway for a large increase in American the same time, the British embargo has if business to the United Kingdom In point has been made that these countries ther allied countries in Europe, are s to the United States that they fear the itened increase in the trade balanc¢ For instance, the trade balances d in December alone exceeded $400,000, French January trade balance stood more UU n favo! of the Ur ited States ¢ that the purchases to be made shall br it for at least one year, the French Gov rently hopes to avoid the immediate en of increasing the suction upon Frencl same time, it recognizes the necessity ations of American machine tools and im ake possible a speedy restoration of il and agricultural production. A cable- I Baruch also announces that the Gene! : irded to raw cottor mports B ua ‘ has been made whether a s iT I nplation by the British Governme vever, is far different fri tl tri 6b n has no d ‘ err ‘ ne i | a ved ) ; . ) The Cable from Mr. Baruch t copm © ; ( TT ne T¢ ? in’ I IY I Bar T J Lé I i or of Steel Supply of the W , ry to Europe. When Mr. B oe wa renerally expected tha I et te] e with him to é te the Europe for American iron ar : I 1estion at that time tnat Ip , would p in imp ( I