The Iron Age 1918-10-17: Vol 102 Iss 16

New York, October 17, 1918 ESTABLISHED 1855 VOL. 102: No. 16 ara Me Thi ha ibe 4 Ve es hai Simplified Lathe Adapted to Shell Work Flexibility Given the Gisholt 16 and 25 in. Simplified Lathes by Varied Equipment Made Up of Special Yet Standardized Parts N the design of the Gisholt 16 and 25-in. simpli- they submitted designs of their own which were li d lathes as applied to shell manufacture is af- immediately accepted, and they were requested to forded an illustration of the many adaptations’ go ahead, the initial order being for 400 lathes. which it is possible to fit a basic machine for In a sense, the new lathe, whether arranged for merous operations, virtually creating a special boring, turning or other operations, is special. Yet ich for each operation. The new lathe, con-_ in respect to its manufacture and the interchange ered as a whole, is the result of evolution, inas- ability of its parts it is not special, in view of the t was developed to meet the requirements fact that the parts which enter its several modifica manufacturers, each of whose problems tions have been standardized and reduced to a man- had been analyzed, and designs made and tested for ufacturing basis, this being made possible by the particular work in view. large number of each lot which go through the Since the Gisholt Machine Co. entered the busi- factory at one time. One each of the 16-in. and ness of making shell machinery thousands of lathes the 25-in. lathes was built, then the machine was have been made and delivered, a large percentage of jigged so that its commercial production came the total going abroad, and these new lathes may within reasonable bounds as to cost and a manufac- be said to be the culmination of them all. turing quantity production was possible. This is An interesting side light on the subject is that true not only of the basic portion of the machine vhen the officials of the company were first ap- but of the accessory parts used in the rapid per- proached to induce them to make special lathes they formance of the several operations necessary in ; leclined to make the machines in conformance with making a shell. At present the entire capacity of the drawings submitted. After some consideration the Northern Works of the company at Madison, { 3 rs : 5 a Tt at i Ren '2 olt 25-In. Simplified Lathe in Use for Rough Turning in an American Munitions Factory. In this shop practically 2 all the machines are operated by women and satisfactory results are obtained 12 945 a 946 THE IRON AGE Wis., is devoted to the production of the 25-in. size, and a large portion of the Main Works at Madison is occupied with §& the 16-in. lathe. It is not the policy of the Gisholt Machine Co. to exhibit on paper, or otherwise, a_ fully equipped machine to be taken or not taken by a § shell manufacturer fol- lowing an effort to con- r) e Lathe in Use fo > > soring October 17. 1919 from which it would fol- Pra > low that eac} additional made also witl beds. ing: ee a ] 2 ft. of bed weighs about 1000 lb. Machines are ionger Among the variations of equipment applicable to the basic machine may be mentioned the follow- > Hand-operated chucks mounted on the spindle in place of face plate, as ' ) ! and Turning In this group oeeaa . ‘ od close-up view of the tool rest and driving mandrel of . ’ : igs. 2 and 3 vince him that it will do the turning lathe is presented, as well as one of the lathe shown in Fig : re the specific work he irranged for the boring operation with the boring head Fig. 2 shows a hand- ~~ just about to enter the shell. Rough turning a steel she! 4 . accom- wants done. The con- vith two cutting tools, one of which can be operated ind operated chuck accon tractor’s problem is pees es ae See ae “i a fast feaaiinn’ uapaae modating work up to nade, each tool vy } i 16-ir eed just cle: ¥ , oO ; ‘ . made one for engineer- de of t emoving % in. from the other in. in diameter ing study, it being con- sidered that foremost in the prospective user’s mind is not so much the medium by which the work is to be done as the satisfactory execution of the work itself. He usually has his own ideas as to the method he desires to pursue, this having been arrived at presumably after adequate investi- gation. If his plan is reasonable, the main thought of the Gisholt engineers is not to make him accept any series of operations other than those he had contem- plated, or any radically different methods, but by suitable selection and arrangement of the necessary attachments and tools, to accommodate the basic Gisholt lathe to the work and program he has in mind. This procedure has worked out successfully. Women are now operating machines so conceived and are giving entire satisfaction. The illustrations herewith show the 25-in. machine; similar equip- ment is furnished with the 16-in. size also. In Fig. 1 is shown the basic machine, so to call the bed, headstock and parts always essential, no matter for what operation the machine may be ar- ranged to perform. It consists of a 10-ft. or 14-ft. bed, a 16 to 1 headstock, friction pulley, face plate, oil pans and pump. The spindle has a bore of 61, in. With the machine is included a tight-and-loose- pulley countershaft. The weight of the lathe is approximately 10,000 lb. with a 10-ft. bed, this weight being modified, of course, by the equipment that is put on it. With a 14-ft. bed the machine weighs approximately 12,000 lb. fully equipped When it is desired t ho.d shells up to 6 in. in diameter in an air-operated the chuck, and to locate the shell and chuck within spindle, this is provided for by enlarging the front of the spindle bore to 8% in. in diameter for a su e cient length to accommodate both the chuck and shell within the spindle, carrying the load entirely in the front spindle bearing. This eliminates the necessity of a steady rest and pot chuck, simplifies the equipment and shortens the length of the bed. Fig. 3 shows an air-operated collet chuck ané steady rest for work up to 12 in. in diamet er Al important point is that the pot chuck shown runs in an adjustable bearing in the steady rest whic! provides an easy method for adjustment in case ‘ wear in the bearing between the steady rest and the chuck. This equipment gives a machine sul able for boring shells up to 8 in. in diameter, a Y nay be used to advantage for base facing, groovin 12 nose boring and threading on shells up t in diameter. A three-jawed geared scro! can be used as shown in Fig. 4. The carriage can be provided with a hexagon turret mounted on the cross slide, 4 trated in Fig. 4, with a four-sided tool rest on the cross slide, with a four-sided t mounted on right-angle compound cross * shown in Fig. 5, and with a four-sided mounted to receive tools with round ins‘ square shanks, as brought out in Fig. 6. A strap type of tool rest, or two rests, on: independent adjustment, can be furnished ted neu y i¢ es es _-—_ THE GISHOLT 25-IN. SIMPLIFIED LATHE c part of the machine, whose var irriage arrangement give versatility to its iy be equipped with one or more tool rest for the boring bar, a forming attachment has a 16 to 1 gear ratio in the headstoc! the spindle and a 10-ft. bed Fig. 2—The pped with a hand-operated collet chuck whicl ted directly on the spindle nose close to the place of the face plate It will accommodate o oi In diameter The carriage with a pillow t for the boring bar and center locking pin so the equipment Fig. 3—Another type of hand et chuck for work up to 9 in. in diameter Due size of the bore the chuck. which is shown hold- mounted in a steady rest: This type of chuck furnished for work up to 12 in. in diameter carriage is equipped with a hexagon turret the cross slide, and the headstock is provided €-Jaw geared scroll chuck Fig. 5—The carriage ided turret tool rest is mounted on a right-angle ross slide. Fig. 6—The carriage with a four-sided 947 permits he est bu i vuare shanks. The car t only difference b quare T? t ; work Fig. 7 \ strap type ton oss movement k irnished without irriage as shown i | g& attachment is ful pe of tool slides si! trached to either of ‘ toring carriage ongitudinal feed ongitudinal feed q t it ed with and for regular! Yr Ww or forming of ear the face tl the The sir ving lua a por hat show Fig nm the the ; tools 1x r finish turning gx independent ittachment wt upplied oO When this f ge with th oul © that it ma tant features eo he with the ' tailstoc} Fig support ind th dition to e regu the bor Fe arriags ne the bor ge tool r The pegs age 948 carriage, as well as a carriage with two strap tool rests, each having independent hand adjustment. This carriage, which is shown in Fig. 7, is intended for finish turning, and is designed so that the tools may be adjusted for the proper depth of cut, whether one or both tools are removed for sharpening. A forming attachment, Fig. 8, and a carriage with a pillow block support for boring bar and center locking pin, Fig. 9, can also be furnished. The boring carriage, with a solid pillow block support, is equipped with a hand longitudinal feed on the boring bar in addition to the regular longi- tudinal feed. The forming attachment, furnished New Ordnance Department Assistants WASHINGTON, Oct. 15..—The Ordnance Department has added W. W. Coleman and T. H. Symington to its staff of “special assistants to the Chief of Ordnance.” Mr. Coleman will have charge of all matters connected with the production of cannon, carriages and their ap- purtenances and accessories. Mr. Coleman has been president of the Bucyrus Co., South Milwaukee, Wis. He has been with the production division of the Ord- nance Department since last spring. Mr. Symington will have charge of artillery ammunition, metal com- ponents, but will have nothing to do with the loading plant operations. He is of the Symington-Anderson Co., Rochester, N. Y. It will be the duty of Mr. Cole- man to follow up the manufacture of cannon and car- riages through the stages of design, plant procurement and contracts, production progress inspection and sup- ply. Similarly, Mr. Symington will follow up the manufacture of artillery ammunition. The special assistants previously announced were: Brig. Gen. Guy E. Tripp, in charge of all district of- fices; W. H. Marshall, assistant at large; Lieut. Col. Ralph Crews, in charge of matters pertaining to the in- terpretation of contracts; Lieut. Col. W. C. Spruance, Jr., in charge of chemicals, explosives, propellants and loading, except small arms loading; Lieut. Col. Bascom Little, in charge of equipment, automatic arms, rifles, pistols, etc., and their ammunition, appurtenances and accessories; and L, J. Horowitz, in charge of tanks, tractors, trailers and similar articles. Pennsylvania Boiler Rules Modified The Industrial Board of the Pennsylvania Depart- ment of Labor and Industry has adopted the following ruling as a temporary war amendment to the code for safety of construction and operation of steam boilers: Until further. notice in this emergency, steam boilers not Pennsylvania standard may be installed and this Commonwealth, provided the prospective makes a written request to the and Industry setting forth therein the construction and history of determine the safe and subject to the following rules: In new construction of boilers not Pennsylvania stand- ard, the factor of safety shall be not less than five. This factor of safety shall be increased 0.5 each five years there- after. For second hand boilers the not less than 5.5. This factor five years thereafter When the in the shell plate are not be assumed at not more than 40,000 Ib. for iron plates All tested prior qualified by the Pennsylvania dustry. operated in purchaser or Department of Labor information concerning such boilers as working user becomes necessary to steam pressure factor of shall be shall be each safety increased 0.5 chemical and physical properties of materials known, the tensile strength shall 50,000 lb. for steel plates and boilers shall be in- inspector duly Department of Labor and In- such spected and to operation by an The National Tube Co., Pittsburgh, continues to add to its property holdings in the vicinity of its works at Dravosburg. Following its purchase of 30 acres, the company has acquired 17 additional acres from the Pittsburgh Coal Co., as well as 20 lots, on Washington Road. The company’s purchases now aggregate 51 acres, costing about $366,000. THE IRON AGE October 17, 19) s without a former block, can be used jth Vario modifications of the carriage, and in the case 9 the double tool post, Fig. 8, can by attached either rest, enabling the nose of the shell to | formed at the headstock or the tailstock eng. All of the machines and parts are given a finig quite comparable with the regular Gish.|t standar4 a factor which imposes no great cost, and maintain the reputation of the company for turning out machine good to look at as well as of high serpy; ability. An idea in this connection is that an Oper ator before a well-made and well-finished machjy will do better work. Domestic Iron Ore for Canadian Furnace TORONTO, ONT., Oct. 12.—The shortage of basig material for Canadian iron and steel industries, dug to the partial embargo by the United States on exports to the Dominion and to the great demand for materials on war account, has turned attention anew to Canadiay iron mining. High prices and the scarcity of pig iron may make it profitable to develop on a large scale the magnetite deposits which are abundant jp Canada, particularly in Ontario. An example is the Atikokan mine, west of Lake Superior, where a large tonnage of magnetite is in sight. The average metallic iron from 110,000 tons shipped was 59.95 per cent while the sulphur averaged 2.38 per cent. With waste gas from the blast furnace this ore was roasted with out any trouble, bringing the iron content up to 60.5 per cent, and the sulphur down to 0.48 per cent. This information is supplied by J. Dix Fraser, general man- ager of the Atikokan Iron Co., Port Arthur, Ont., a well-known mining engineer and metallurgist. He adds: From this roasted ore we made some 40,000 tons of pig iron, 57 per cent of which ran below 0.03 per cent in sul- phur, 36 per cent between 0.03 and 0.05 per cent sulphur and 6.5 per cent from 0.06 per-cent to 0.11 per cent sulphur, the balance being a white iron containing a high sulphur under special contract for brake shoe work. This pig iron was shipped to all leading stove, pipe, gray iron and malleable foundries in Canada, giving splendid satisfac tion. In fact our company did not receive one single com- plaint about the quality of the iron during the time I have been connected with it. We never used any other iron ore to mix with Atikokan roasted ore for the production of pi iron, always using 100 per cent Atikokan. We did, how ever, use 25 lb. of manganese ore per ton of pig iron © bring the manganese up from 0.35 per cent to 0.50 per cent for special foundry work. While this is helpful it is ne necessary in running the furnace. What I have said about Atikokan ore is also true of other Ontario ores. Magnetites are more refractory and harder to smelt than hematite soft ores, but there is no difficulty in treating them © mercially. It takes a little more coke to reduce the mas netites, but after all it is a matter of cost, and no perso? familiar with the development of the magnetite mining . Norway and Sweden would say that these ores cannot successfully treated in blast furnaces. The electric furnace which is regarded as the solu- tion of the problem of treating Ontario ores is 0 much beyond the laboratory stage. Canadian iron _ steel manufacturers are studying the possibilities © Canadian iron mining, and Canadian ores may prove the solution of some of the problems confronting the™. made The Birmingham Steel Corporation, Birmingham, Ala., is planning to start operations Feb. 1, in its new steel fabricating plant now in course of erection at Fifth Avenue and Thirty-fifth Street. The work will be devoted to the production of materia! for - building of steel vessels at the plant of the Mobilt Shipbuilding Co., Mobile, with which it is affiliate The Mobile company has a contract for the constructi of 12 steel steamers, each of 5000 tons capacity, taken over from the Jahncke Shipbuilding Co., New Orleam La., for the Government. Keels for two of the vesse have been laid. The shipyard will also build about 3 composite vessels, half steel and half wood. Hen" Leon Brittain is president of both companies. ALIEN STOCK SEIZED Germans in Connection with Bridge- port Projectile Co. Exposed Potting o! 4) Palmer, Alien Enemy Property Cus- an. has announced the seizure by the United States ut 100 of the 20,000 shares of the capital stock . Bridgeport Projectile Co., Bridgeport, Conn., e German Government, but now reorganized ty Ordnance Co., and operating three shifts day on munitions for the United States Government. in making the announcement, Mr. Palmer said he had jiscovered that it was this company which German propagandists had attempted to use to prevent the manufacture and shipment of arms and ammunitions to the Allies. According to Mr. Palmer these propa- gandists, headed by Count von Bernstorff, had under- taken to prevent these shipments by creating an Ameri- ean corporation, apparently dominated and controlled by loyal American citizens, ostensibly for the purpose of engaging in the manufacture of munitions on an enormous scale. The real purpose was to hamper and hinder, if not to prevent altogether, other American manufacturers from making munitions for what Ger- many then considered to be the probable duration of the wa It was planned to have this corporation buy up al available supplies of powder, antimony, hy- draul'c presses and other supplies and materials essen- tial to the manufacture of munitions. The plan also volved the negotiation of contracts with the Allied ) Governments to supply them with materials of war, ap- ; parently in good faith, but in reality with no intention fulfilling them. The ultimate expenditure of approx- imately $10,000,000 for this purpose was contemplated. German Money Provided Francis P. Garvan, director of the Bureau of Inves- tigation of Mr. Palmer’s office, found that the German Government had furnished the money with which the Bridgeport Projectile Co. had acquired its land, erected factory buildings and fully equipped the factories with machinery and certain materials; that the com- pany had made a contract with the German agents not to sell any munitions to any country with which Ger- many was at war; that the company contracted for the entire output of powder of the Aetna Explosives Co., Inc., of Jan. 1, 1916, for which approximately $5,000,- 000 was expended. These powder contracts were can- eled, and the funds advanced were returned to Ger- many. He also found that the company had contracted to manufacture for Germany 2,000,000 shrapnel cases, the obvious purpose of which was to furnish a plausible excuse for its purchase of powder, presses, etc.; and that the company was in turn protected by guarantee f the Guaranty Trust Co. that it would meet its drafts roperly signed to the extent of $5,000,000. In addition to von Bernstorff, Dr. Albert, Dr. Dern- d Captain von Papen, Carl Heynen, one time \merican consul in Mexico, but then the associate Albert and representative of the German Cen- 1P rchasing Agency, and Hans Tauscher, husband * Madame Gadski, and the American representative of Kr Mauser and other German munition manufac- t vere members of the coterie of plotters. Hey- w interned as a dangerous alien. f them had been associated in a systemat‘c and videspread campaign in this country to prevent the ture and shipment of munitions to the Allies. ful propaganda and intrigue, and the instiga- strikes and other labor troubles in the munition vith their attendant acts of violence, they sought te a sentiment in this country in favor of an em- n the shipment of munitions. The increasing in the minds of the American people toward the Government caused the collapse of this propa- Bridgeport Projectile Co. was incorporated un- laws of the State of Connecticut in 1915 by W. Hoadley, an American citizen of Bridgeport. ' no financial resources, but the German Govern- THE IRON AGE if ment financed the enterprise. The purpose of the com- pany was stated in the corporation papers to be the manufacture and sale of ordnance and ammunition and the purchase and sale of materials from which muni- tions were made. Chinese Market for American Machinery The present situation in China as regards machinery is more a question of supply than of demand, says a report just issued by the Bureau of Foreign and Do- mestic Commerce, Washington. China, emerging from internal dissensions economically rejuvenated com- pared with the destruction of wealth going on in Eu- rope, has found the usual sources of supply practically closed by the war. With silver worth more than ever known, the people would be anxious and willing to buy were not the same low exchange price in gold for their exports a deterrent. Everywhere abroad the home markets are being considered first; and if ships are found for what is left, it is carefully parceled out. The result of these conditions has been the industrial awak- ening of China and a determined effort to supply some needs at home with the consequent expansion of Chinese domestic industries. The necessity that has driven the Chinese to look to home manufactures to replace im- ports no longer available has been the mother of inven- tion in more lines than one, and hardly any field of manufacture has been left untouched or untried Among the new ventures noted during 1917 are pump ing, mining and printing concerns, flour and rice mills, cotton weaving and silk filatures, oil and paper mills, brick and cement works. candle and soap factories, glassware and porcelain industries, electric lighting and waterworks, chemical manufactories, sugar refineries and factories for making surgical instruments, heat- ing apparatus, electric light bulbs, bicycles, imitation panama hats, motors, printing presses, needles and nails, clocks, tiles, carpets, canvas and leatherware. Many other factories have been started in a small way and in every case there is the primary need of ma chinery. ] The report says: “There have been two well recognized methods of securing machinery contracts in China in the past. The first method is that of appointing one of the large mer- cantile houses having branches at all the important Chinese trade centers, as general agents on a fixed agreement for a term of years. This was the system employed by almost all the large German manufac- turers and its principal advantage lies in the benefits accruing from an old established connection on the ground with valuable Chinese connections. (A list of such agencies is on file at the Bureau’s district offices for use of interested parties.) In addition to such agency it has been found advisable to send one or more qualified engineers trained at the home factory, who could use the offices and staff of the agents’ branches in China on their trips of inspection and co-operate with the agents’ salesmen in obtaining business. The other and less desirable method for those just entering the Chinese field is to conduct the business direct wit! the Chinese, and open offices at four or five of the trade centers, with qualified engineers attached, who are com petent not only to draw up specifications and quota tions on the spot but to carry on negotiations with Chinese officials and purchasers. “There are, of course, any number of variations from these two general methods, but as a rule the first method is by far the more desirable for those new to the field, as the peculiar conditions of Chinese trade have nothing in common with conditions in this country or in other foreign countries.” The Nationa! Founders’ Association will hold its twenty-second annual convention at the Hotel Astor, New York, Nov. 13 and 14. As usual the administra- tive council of the association will meet the day before and on the evening of that day will be held the dinner of the alumni, composed of members of former admin istrative councils. The usual convention banquet wil! he held on Wednesday evening, Nov. 13 ae New Schedules of Extras on Iron Bay: Bases Fixed for Common Merchant Iron and Refined Iron at $3.50 and $5 Respectively Per 100 Pounds—Most Extras Cut One-Half An Chairman announcement has been made this week by E. Products, American H. Gary of the Committee Steel and on Steel Iron and Steel Institute, of prices and extras effective Oct. 17, 1918, iron bars. iron is fixed at $3.50 per on The base on common merchant iron base, and that on In th ; displaced by this announcement no separate base price 100 lb., which has been the bar refined iron is fixed at $5 per 100 Ib. schedules iron. For the most part the was provided for refined extras just announced are only half those which have been published but the practice of the trade has been . } . } + wr to charge only half extras and thus the full extras hereafter to obtain involve no difference. \ feature of price. The committee’s follows: The committee has received a report fri committee on steel distribution based on received from representative manufactur: bars making certain recommendations which sary to insure uniformity in respect of pric ous grades of iron bars and the application thereto, and from such report and other dat: the committee has concluded that the followir inges and modifications in respect of its recomn dated Nov. 13, 1917, and May 21, 1918, on iro: fair and reasonable and recommends that nn mum prices and extras as shown hereafter immediately. announcement is the new schedules is the large number of sizes of Cancel pages 62, 63 and 64 of the Institute | common merchant iron which take the refined iron’ of August, 1918, and substitute therefor the fo p [Iron Bars Flats ‘ S e* mr dec t = 3 Prod aot to ¢ i to 1 to§x 1 16 to 1 ' rt Zt pe x x tf l r ize I ‘ 16 to 1 ~ t he eX x t l S l x t\ l l sq i y ry 1 % I t< } ' Nat ‘ | i x x 11/16 t | | 7 ” 1oO x 1% te t Tl l t Sra , :; i te to 1 led I x ‘te , ‘ ‘ i ey \ * ’ L f lt x ® ft ‘te I ‘ o 1 § 3 .'s y “Common Merchant Iron” he term applied to o 11/11 ac ‘ng material made from all scrap 0 : sed : “Refined Iron” is the term applied to material made ; eas 6 1 ; Lig ‘ ; from puddle bar and selected wrought scrap. ght Bands Lbove prices do not apply to specification , test 5x N t t iro hoch are subject to neagotiataon & x No 10. 11 , to 6% Nos Ito 3 Rounds and Squares 6% to 6% x Nos. 10. 11 1 ! to 6 x No to 3/16 Ba o 6x Nos. 10 11. 12 7 , t i x No. 9 to 3/16 5 t + x Nos. 10, 11, 12 16 x Nos. 9 to 3 ‘ ra to 1 16 x Nos. 10, 11, 1 : 16 to %™% x No. 9 to 3/16 « XCF 16 to % x Nos 10 11 1? 6 16 to 4% x No. 9 to 3/16 s 1/16 to % x Nos. 10. 11. 12 ou s - l6 to % x No. 9 to 3/16 s > t I 1g > ~é x Nos 10 11 1? ; ; xt . te . 6 Li, x No i to 3/16 , if xtra 1; : » x No 19. 11 12 /S - ‘ No. 9 t 16 6 to ] ex N { l 12 N i ext! Half Oval and Half ‘Round Per Heavy Band Iron in | Lt e to 2 6 xt ; to 13/1¢ aa xt to 11/16 ‘ ’ 1 t t x 9/16 60 11, 5 ext 6 « ] : Lo 1 xt! b , . ‘ & XxX xtra ‘ ; esas: +s a AUF Halt s 4% their width in thickness ‘ 5 X 1 1 xtra I ‘ ‘ ; to 1¢ xtra . % to 5/1 v5 ext Horse Shoe Iron Hea I ds, 7/3 ir th | per 10 I higher tha Per 1 ™ ; 16 thick. Bev ge s ror hiwhew thas sae seidaieas ivy |} ( ae tse Vet WSS wee DO ee eo ; .$1.00 Cutting to specified length, 2 ft. and over. 10c. extra 1918 Octobe! Beveled Edge Box Iron as light bands of same sizes Oval Lron Per 100 Lb $0.20 extra 25 extra 30 extra 40 extra 55 extra 50 extra 60 extra Quantity Differentials tions for less than 2000 Ib. of a size will be following extras, the total weight of a size rmine the extra, regardless of length and re- t quantity actually shipped Per 100 Lb than 2000 Ib but not less than Koes $0.15 extra 1000 Ib > extra ‘tra for Cutting to Specified Lengths Per 100 Lb hearing 24 in. and longer $0.10 extra hearing 12 to 24 in.. : 20 extra nder 12 in ited 30 extra specified lengths, above 24 in 20 extra specified lengths, 12 to 24 in.. 40 extra ng, to specified lengths, less than 12 in., a ict, but not less than 60c. on each size No cutting to multiple lengths of 12 in. and Machine Straightening and Centering Per 100 Lb ghtening and centering $0.40 extra ghtening alone, for ordinary sizes 29 extra Plant Education for Electrical Employees of Steel Mills the difficulty of o»taining efficient and trained electrical department of iron and steel mills, tional committee of the Association of Iron Electrical Engineers, as outlined in its report { at the annual meeting of that association in e, Sept. 11, has investigated the extent to which rical employees in the various steel industries trained by special educational methods for sen trades. It believes that on the solution of problem hinges largely the success or failure dustrial enterprises and that the cost of labor could be greatly reduced by the adoption of a ‘ industrial training course. sential considerations in the choice of an edu- system it emphas‘zes that the power of sus- ncentration must be developed in the men, that ist be taught to make logical judgments on im- problems and that they must be trained to in every detail. The committee feels that the sults can be obtained for both the men and the les by each plant operating its own school, but nere this is impossible, recourse may be had to Y. M. C. A. school or similar institution. It that the majority of the companies from whom ‘tion on this subject was obtained conducted during work hours and paid regular wages for spent in the class rooms. The opinion of the ttee is that 1% hr. of concentrated effort on the each student is the available maximum class all subjects except- drawing or laboratory e 30-sales engineers and representatives of the . Byers Machine Co., Ravenna, Ohio, were called all sections of the country to Ravenna for a joint rence and convention, Oct. 7 and 8. War-time *ms in connection with the distribution of the autocranes were considered. The social part of ession included a motor trip to Cleveland and a ‘et at the Statler Hotel on Tuesday evening, » THE IRON AGE 951 FOUNDRY INDUSTRIES GROW Steel Casting and Malleable Iron Foundries Increase—Electric Process Develops A survey of the foundry industry made by The Foundry reflects the prosperity of the past two years. It shows a total of 6444 foundries in the United States and Canada on Sept. 1, as compared with 6290 two years ago a gain of 154. There were, however, 6507 in existence four years ago. Of the 6444 foundries, the United States has 5898, as compared with 5741 in 1916, but in 1914 5942 were listed in the United States. Canada shows a loss of three foundries as compared with 1916. It has a total of 546 shops to-day, against 549 two years ago; in 1914 Canada reported 565 casting plants. Many non-essential casting plants, it appears, have gone out of business and the new construction in Canada has been limited throughout the war period. In the United States 4325 shops now are engaged in gray iron casting manufacture against 4267 two years ago, a gain of 58. Canada has 462 gray iron foundries, a gain of 5 in two years. There were 4575 gray iron foundries in the United States in 1914 and 483 in Canada. The total number of exclusively non-ferrous metal casting plants and brass and aluminum departments of gray, iron, steel and malleable iron foundries is 3472 to-day, compared with 3447 two years ago. The United States has 3159 non-ferrous metal melting plants com- pared with 3139 two years ago, a gain of 20. Though Massachusetts and Connecticut mark the center of the brass casting industry a westward trend is noted -by a gain of 28 brass foundries by Illinois, the gain of 13 by Wisconsin and 11 by Ohio. The total number of foundries devoted exclusively to the manufacture of non- ferrous metal castings shows an increase of 57 in the last two years, the total to-day being 1280 as against 1223 in 1916. To-day 426 plants are engaged in the manufacture of steel castings, by the crucible, open-hearth, converter and electric steel processes. In 1916 the total in the United States and Canada was 332. The United States shows a gain of 86, with a total of 390, as compared with 304 two years ago. Among the States Ohio shows the biggest gain, with a total of 15, but Penn sylvania and Illino's are tied for second with gains of 10 each. On the other hand, Pennsylvania has almost double the number of steel foundries of any other State in the country and leads with 86, Ohio being second with 47. Probably the most remarkable showing is made by the electric steel casting industry, 161 plants having re- ported equipment for the manufacture of steel by the electric process. The United States has 143 of these shops and Canada 18. The states of Washington and California report more installations than such large foundry states as Michigan and New York. The United States has 249 malleable foundries, a gain of 52 in two years, and Canada has 19, compared with 16 in 1916 Chicago retains its supremacy as the leading foun dry center of the world, with a total of 188 shops, com- pared with 170 two years ago, a gain of 18; New York is second with 125 a gain of 10 in two years, and Cleve land is third with 115, a gain of 3. The electrical industry in the United States, ac- cording to the census report of 1912, showed a total output of 11.532,963,000 kw-hr. and a total generating capacity of 5,134,689 kw. This census is made every five years, but the figures for 1917 have not yet been published. A near approximation can be had, however, by using the yearly percentage increase for the central station industry from 1913 to 1917 as follows: Increase 1917 over 1916, 20.9 per cent Increase 1916 over 1915, 25.0 per cent Increase 1915 over 1914 9.7 per cent Increase 1914 over 1913, 8.6 per cent Increase 1913 over 1912, 12.0 per cent On this basis, the total output for 1917 would be 23,- 000,000,000 kw.hr. and the capacity 10,269,378 kw. — War Labor Problems Grow More Difficult New Wage Adjustments to Cost of Living—More Men Must Be Had for War Work—Living Conditions Inquiry WASHINGTON, Oct. 15.—Important steps are pending in the Government’s labor policy, including the estab- lishment of a new base for wages in important indus- tries. For months the situation has become more dif- ficult because of a lack of labor for war industries on the one hand and of a continuous demoralization of the wage fixing efforts on the other. This has necessitated action in Washington by all concerned, primarily the War Industries Board, the Fuel Administration and the various organs of the Department of Labor. It has even reached the President, who determined some time ago, as told in this correspondence, to find a way of co-ordinating the various authorities at work on the problem. The important steps now ready to be taken are the foHowing: 1. Organization of a New General Wage Board.— This body will report directly to the President, and will consist of representatives of all the boards now dealing with wage questions in the various Government departments. This board will have a supervising au- thority over all wage decisions. It will practically be a conference for the various boards and is intended to prevent one organization from increasing wages or changing working conditions in a way that will upset wages and conditions in a competing industry or de- partment. 2. Establishment of Relation of Cost of Living to Wages.—The first work of the new wage board will be to work out of the statistics which have been compiled, throughout the country, the increase in the cost of living to the general wage policy of the Government. It will be sought to find a uniform line in these living costs to guide the settlement of wage controversies. The particular effort will be to find in these a basis for wages which will prevent an increase in one indus- try from luring labor from other industries. 3. Increased Wages for Anthracite Miners.—Repre- sentatives of the miners and operators have had two weeks of conferences with Fuel Administrator Garfield and Secretary of Labor Wilson. The exact amount of the increase will not be made public until Thursday, but it is announced that it will affect 150,000 miners. An effort will be made to absorb most of the increase in a readjustment of prices without changing consumers’ prices more than necessary. It seems likely also that bituminous miners will now get increases. Shipyard Wages 4. Settlement of Shipyard Wage Question. — The “Macy Commission” of the United States Shipping Board has gathered a mass of statistics from shipyard cities showing a general increase in the cost of living. These have been co-ordinated with similar figures from the Department of Labor and are being used as the basis for the decision which is to be made on the re- quest of the shipyard workers for higher pay. 5. Drafting Men for War Industries. — The term “drafting” is too strong; but the War Industries Board and the Department of Labor are trying to find means to force a speedier recruiting of labor for war indus- tries. All the pressure the Government can bring through the War Industries Board and the Department of Labor—if need be, even the Provost Marshal Gen- eral’s office—will be used to see that the continued shortage of workers does not hamper material indus- tries. Talk but Little Action on Woman Labor 6. Recruiting of Woman Labor.—Although the de- tails have not been completed for the Government’s woman labor policy, the Department of Labor is put- ting machinery to work to substitute woman for man power in every possible line. Where it is decided that women can do the work as well as men, it is possible 9% that the latter will be forced into essential lines by ay extension of the “‘work or fight” order. ; The continued pressure by the War Industries Boarg is responsible for the steps to be taken: by the Depart. ment of Labor to recruit workers for war industries by putting pressure on non-essential manufacturers, The United States Employment Service alone has found jt impossible to cope with the increasing demands for both skilled and unskilled labor. The delay in handling the woman labor problem also has complicated the sity. ation. But the demand for this labor in connection with the war program has mounted at a rate that has made real action imperative. The War Industries Board is leaving the actual handling of the problem to the Department of Labor authorities but is backing them up by putting on the full pressure of its priority ratings. The first step in this work is the survey which has been ordered by the Department of Labor and which is being made by the community labor boards of the Employment Service This service is intended to reveal just what non-essen- tial industries are using men that can be replaced by women or given up entirely. As soon as the reports of this survey are available the Employment Service and the War Industries Board will co-operate in forcing these men into war work. Drafting Labor The use of the term “drafting labor” is being care- fully avoided by all of the officials involved. But the progress being made indicates that the power of the Government will be used to force the recruiting of labor for war work in a way that will insure a sufficiency of workers for all needs. The co-operation of the Employ- ment Service and the War Industries Board will also be backed by Provost Marshal General Crowder’s office. It is even likely that the work or fight order will finally be extended to cover employments not now listed as non-productive. For if the labor authorities decide that women workers can generally take the place of men in certain lines of work it is expected that they will urge that these lines then be declared non-productive for masculine labor and thus force the men in those employments to find other work or to lose their draft deferments. It is at this point that the delay in the making up of the Government’s woman labor policy has had a hampering effect. The Department of Labor, however, is now trying to catch up with this situation and secure a more vigorous recruiting of women. In the District of Columbia there is a registration of all women avail- able for the replacement of men, and it is likely that this will be extended to other parts of the country Must Have More Men for War Labor “We must have more men for war labor,” declared Chairman Baruch of the War Industries Board, “and we think we shall be able to get them. We have been promised the fullest co-operation by the labor authori- ties. But I am afraid that the people of the country do not realize how vital this situation is. New projects of the Shipping Board call for at least 190,000 men and the Ordnance Department’s program involves a require- ment of more than 200,000 additional workers. Of course, much of this program is spread over the first part of next year, but we must get ready for it now. The War Labor Policies Board of the Government has been trying to co-ordinate the work which the Gov- ernment is doing on all labor questions, and to a certain extent has helped to neutralize the obvious union labor control of the Department of Labor. It is this board which was largely responsible for recommending to the President the appointment of a new general wage 52 17, 1918 ( yetobe i the conference for its organization were the presidency of Chairman Frankfurter. rho War Labor Policies Board also is in control of the . h is being done to meet the woman labor It is trying to lay down basic principles for ¢, although it has no power over strike con- rg Commission on Living Conditions of War Labor tions outside the plants under which the work- , rs iny of the war industries are living have he point where the production program is pardized, says an announcement of the Depart- Labor. The War Labor Policies Board accord- d G .s investigated the situation and recommended . -ho creation of a Commission of Living Conditions of War Workers. The essential purpose of this organiza- n. which is to be a branch of the Bureau of Industrial Housing and Transportation, is to eliminate the circum- tances which in many places have caused a huge turn- ver of labor with a consequent retarding of produc- ti The commission will consist of a chairman and ‘our other members to be appointed by the Secretary * Labor. The commission is to investigate, in co- neration with federal bureaus, boards and departments, ving conditions where war industries are-located. It advise Governmental agencies concerning matters nducive to a maximum production. The commission ve on its staff specialists in recreation, educa- iblic utilities, public safety, health and sanita- > | Prohibition and Coke Output NIONTOWN, Pa., Oct. 12.—All saloons in Pennsyl- together with theaters were closed Friday, Oct. }, by State Commissioner of Health, B. F. Royer, as a easure to prevent the spread of Spanish influenza. ipplementary orders the ruling was made to in- elude social clubs, distilleries, and breweries. Drug- gists may only dispose of intoxicants upon a physician’s escription, » operators are firm in the belief that the re- tions placed upen the sale of liquor will have a good effect but there are some who claim that the cutting off of the liquor supply will have a effect. \t this time it cannot be determined if an epidemic luenza is to be added to the difficulties of the coke Several hundred cases have been reported, but y one mining plant, the Continental No. 2 works H. C. Frick Coke Co., has the plague reached ic proportions. [here was a depressing drop of 27,000 tons in the tion for -he week ended Oct. 5 attributed princi- to continued interruption of electric power service distribution in large packages of intoxicants llegitimate sources. Operatives were imme- sent out and it is hoped the liquid flow has stopped in so far as it enters as a factor for de- 1 production. Declines to Extend Increase of Wages \ 4 SHINGTON. Oct. 15.—The National War Labor | declined to extend the increase in wages granted ployees of the St. Louis Car Co. to the St. Louis 't Corporation, as asked by the employees. It wever, recommend to the company that it accept vard, even though the board had no right to or- ha raise in pay. The board fixed 40c. per hou minimum wage rate for the St. Louis Car Co. rs, with an order for an increase of 25 per cent wages, effective June 15, 1918. For women doing e work as men, the same wages shall apply, but se the minimum rate for women over 18 years of all he 30c. an hour. r the Willys-Overland Co., Elyria, O., the board a 30 per cent increase for all employees who ed less than 45¢. per hour May 1, 1918, and a er cent increase for all who received that amount ‘re. The same mimimum rates were fixed as in St. Louis Car Co. case. THE IRON AGE 953 Bethlehem Steel Co. Adopts a System of Employee Representation The Bethlehem Steel Co.’s various iron and steel plants at South Bethlehem and Steelton, Pa., Spar- rows Point, Md., and elsewhere, were placed upon an eight-hour basis Oct. 1, and the privilege was extended all employees of appointing committees to take up labor questions with the management. The company posted the following notice of the change: “Effective Oct. 1, all employees of this plant in hourly, turn, tonnage contract and piece-work rates, will be paid on a basis of time and half time for work in excess of eight hours on any day. “It is also desired to provide ways and means of meeting with and bringing before the management problems affecting their working conditions, and to accomplish this the company proposes to establish a system of employee representation consisting of repre- sentatives elected by the employees to serve on various committees to deal with working conditions. “The general principles of this system have been developed, and will be immediately submitted to the employees.” Rapid Production of Hand Grenades WASHINGTON, Oct. 15.—Major General C. C. Wil- liams, Chief of Ordnance, has written the Single Serv- ice Corporation, New York, commending the employees of that plant for having attained a production speed of more than 100 hand grenades a minute. While the production at this and other plants was in the midst of the speeding-up process, enemy influences in this country began spreading reports to the effect that the offensive hand grenade was not effective, and that per- sons employed in plants manufacturing them were wasting their efforts. General Williams, in his lette to the company named above, takes occasion to deny this. The third million of grenades made by this con- cern was shipped to France in September, having been produced in exactly one month’s time. During the week ending Sept. 14 the plant shipped a total of more than 300,000, or 55,000 a day, Saturday being counted four- ninths of a day, and this despite the fact that the plant was closed down ahead of time Sept. 12 to permit employees to register under the selective service draft act. The maximum production was attained Friday, Sept. 13, when 55,200 grenades were turned out. Sim- ple as it appears when completed, it requires twenty- five distinct operations to make a grenade. Strike Demonstration at Colt Plant Following the announcement that a hearing by the National War Labor Board on the demands of the em- ployees of the Colt’s Patent Fire Arms Mfg. Co., Hart- ford, Conn., had been indefinitely postponed, about 800 employees went on strike Oct. 12. The plant employs about 7500 and only a small part of the force appear to be interested in the demand of the machinists’ union for an 8-hr. day and time and one-half for overtime. At a meeting Sunday afternoon, Major J. G. Woodbury, U. S. A., made a plea that the men return to work Monday morning, as all possible was being done to have a date set for a hearing at which the denands would be discussed. It is understood that the War Department has decided to take jurisdiction of the case instead of the War Labor Board. The leaders of the men announced that the strike was a protest against further delay and that they would return to work Mon- day morning. The Pennsylvania Workmen’s Compensation Board has announced that it will discourage the present prac- tice on the part of many industrial corporations of making lump payments of compensation excepting in cases where the claimants desire to use such pay- ments in the purchase of artificial appliances or for occupational training. ee ae : f d ; 954 HOARDING OF MATERIALS Large Stocks Come to Light—Further Restric- tions in Iron and Steel WASHINGTON, Oct. 15.—Charges of hoarding by manufacturers as well as dealers are being investigated by the War Industries Board. The charges cover all industries, and drastic action will be taken if the board determines that the hoarding is such as to interfere with the operation of essential industries. So far the board has done little commandeering, sug- gestions alone being enough as a rule to induce over- stocked manufacturers to share with less fortunate competitors. “This hoarding must stop,” said Chairman Baruch. “Of late, there have been more and more complaints on this score. We have also noticed traces of it in carrying out some of our orders. For instance, it has been most interesting to find that every time we have considered ordering reductions in prices, both manu- facturers and retailers have come to us to plead against the changes. ‘We are overstocked,’ they have told us. ‘Lower prices would ruin us; let us get rid of what we have on hand first.’ “And then we have found that they had on hand larger stocks than they had ever carried in peace times. And where we have found that there was no question about the hoarding, we have had no