The Iron Age 1914-10-01: Vol 94 Iss 14

PUCTEOUARONEOUERDEEOLUTTNY EOUNUAOU UCL = mn . me mcS we } a z >) : Gama | | Gael | ®. AR, FR : c < Ba, i f C . >. = | _ - = Esta ed 1855 New York, a aa | if 5. z Z N a ae 2 a October 1, 1914 Vol Od Non. 14 Roof Garden Located on Factory Building Cleveland Hardware Company Provides Comfort able Place for Recreation and Rest for Em- ployees During Noon Hour—Other Welfare Wor! BY F. Acres of roof space on manufacturing plants are going to waste because they are not being utilized. Man) plants have been developed to the highest point of efficiency with the cutting of cost by im- proved factory methods, proper care of employees and the use of every foot of available floor space, L. PR noonday ENTISS recreation and the enjoyn and fresh air The Cleveland Hardware Company, Cleveland Ohio, is one of the first companies to utilize its roof for the benefit of its employees in conn with its welfare work When this company erected 7 | le ~@ | TL ae h UMM he le B ing a Canvas Awning, Swings, Easy Chairs, Tables and Flowering Borders and Ever Talking Mact i t of the Roof Becomes Popular with the Employees in the Noon Hour but up above the roof there is a lot of space that is six-story addition to its No. 1 plant it conceived seldom made use of. if little This space may be regarded value in the case of low factory buildings ated in outlying districts where building sites are comparatively cheap and so situated that they have 17 and recreation during the noon hour. But ‘actory is hemmed in on all sides by other build ind them an expanse of lawn or at least enough for the workers to get out for a little fresh if nd narrow dirty streets, noisy with traffic, the becomes an asset that if properly utilized and ‘ small outlay helps to increase the efficiency ‘ plant by affording the employees a place for --= i0vV and carried out the idea of having a roof garden The construction of the building with several saw tooth roof sections left a level gravel covered roof space at the front, approximately 40 x 80 ft. in size To utilize this space the gravel roof was covered with flooring and above it a canvas nopy was placed, this being held in position by iron As the brick side walls extend far enough roof floor to make a safe inclosure, litt required to complete the furnishings. These include a number of porch swings. S. DIESC! chanical! a Pritts upports above the le else was except the and roof garden, I airs A large nur nber of tables easy { ¢ ) 756 Women Employees Being Taught English at Night School age plants are placed around the sides to add to the attractiveness. When the weather becomes too cold in the fall to use the roof, the canvas covering is removed and the iron framework to which it is at- tached is taken down and stored away until spring. Easy access to the roof is provided by elevators, which carry the employees to the top floor. A wide iron stairway similar to those connecting the lower floors leads to doors opening directly on the roof. The roof garden is open to the factory em- ployees, both men and women, from 11:30 to 12 noon and to the office employees from 12 to 1 o’clock. Tables are provided so that those who desire may eat their lunches on the roof. The company has furnished a talking machine with records and the rendition of musical selections on this instrument is a part of the noon-day programme. In pleasant weather a large number of the employees spend all the time possible in the roof garden. Before this was provided their idle noon-day moments were usually spent within the factory, which is in a sol- idly built up manufacturing district so that the only ground space available for outdoor air and recre- ation was the pavement and sidewalk. The plant is unusually well located for the roof garden, as it is only about the distance of a city block from Lake Erie and the roof gives a view over the lake a dis- tance of over 20 miles in clear weather and is swept by refreshing lake breezes in hot weather. A ROOF DINING In addition to the open air roof garden the company has built on the top of the old section of its plant an independent frame structure used for ROOM v lk Women Emplovees THE IRON AGE October a dining room for the office employees foremen and for recreation purposes dy noon hour when the weather is not sy using the open air garden, and for dan other use in connection with the various p} the company’s welfare and educational wo) provides one large room about 40 x 125 with ample window surface that makes light as a sun parlor. One section of th: arranged so that it can be partitioned off y tains for stereopticon lectures and motio; LUNCH ROOM PROFITS BUY PHONOGRAP} Included in the welfare work is the employment of a teacher, who during the past season gave |5 +, 20 min. instruction in folk dancing to the employees. In the coming winter a course structions will be given in domestic science. |; lunch room for the women employees, coffee, suga) cream and one cracker is furnished by the compan, for 1 cent, the remainder of the lunch being brought f = PPP rs Tk ; J .] -. Se - va a " " i] ” . % Locating the Safety the Employee Has a First Bulletin Boards at Time Clo Daily Reminder to Look Out for H self and Others by the employees from their homes. A very inter- esting fact in this connection is that enough profit has been made from this 1 cent charge to buy the phonograph and 25 records used in the roof garden and to pay the folk dancing teacher. One of the illustrations is a view of the section of the lunch room for women employees, which is presided over by a matron, who prepares the coffee. Another view shows a class of women employees being taught English by the Roberts oral method. This course of instruction was given in the plant two evenings a week last winter under the direction of the Y. M. C. A. In the line of educational work there is an educational committee of office employees which has arranged a course of lectures to be given for a half hour every Friday noon from October until spring for the benefit of the 125 employees The speakers will include prominent men of me city, who will discuss various topics with whic! they are most familiar, the programme being »o™ educational and entertaining in character. A safety first bulletin board used by the con pany is shown in one of the illustrations. Two ©! 1914 wated in each plant near the workmen’s In the center at the top of the board is ‘danger” in a bright red oval space and the words “Safety First” appear in large ters. Under this in small letters is this ce: “All employees are hereby notified machines that are out of order or where iards are not properly attached and no x superintendent has authority to order ee into an unsafe position.” The large ce on the lower part of the board is used ng special factory safety notices and irculars of an educational character relat- safety matters. The principal purpose of ards is to keep the subject of safety defi- fore each workman. No employee on en- he plant can fail to see one of the safety boards so that his attention is called to the of caution every time he starts to work. Tapping Fixture with a Direct Drive \ direct drive and a geared reverse are fea- tures characterizing a tapping fixture that has been ght out by the Henry & Wright Mfg. Com- Hartford, Conn. The fixture has two work- ng parts and it is pointed out that rigidness is ired through the closeness of the bearing and vibration is also eliminated in the same way. When the fixture is driven from the nose of the drilling there is a direct drive to the chuck in which the tap is mounted. The driving stems are made of tool steel with high-grade balls and the parts are interchangeable with easy nspection. The tapping fixtures are made with a No. Morse taper shank or with a sleeve to fit over the se of the spindle with a key running through the tang hole. Both of these arrangements are illus trated in the line drawing, but the arrangement t} recommended by the builder is that shown halftone where the fixture is attached as a the machine. In this way it is pointed out s possible to take the arm and the spindle the machine and remove the fixture to an- her tool where tapping is to be done. The drill- ry nacnine access for J ee re Having a Direct Drive and a Geared Applied to an Upright Drilling Machine THE IRON AGE ing spindle is then replaced on the first machine and in this way it is possible to utilize both spindles for drilling instead of having one in when tapping has to be done. Two sizes of fixtures are made at present, one of which, the No. 4, will drive taps up to a maxi mum diameter of 5, in., while the other, which is use except > ae ( y Q ( ’ ’ 4 ‘ ‘ eI -—_. \ —- 4a - 2 gS a 4 —____— re ’ ; _ } j ; j ; j ; 7 ICA Sf ; —S -4 Geena ¥ he 1 designated as the No. 5, will handle taps up to 4 in. in diameter. A recent test was made in the builder’s factory in tapping small parts made of malleable iron. In this test the fixtures were used with a 14-in. No. 20 tap which was driven to the bottom of a hole *4 in. deep at the rate of 1000 per hr. In the test the first tap broke after 19,366 holes had been tapped. The Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Departmer t of Labor has just published as its bulletin No. 148 a compilation of the labor laws of the United States with brief notes on court decisions. This is the fifth such compilation which has been issued by the Commissioner of Labor Statistics since the organization of the bureau in 1884, the last preceding compilation having ended with the legislation of the year 1907. The present work is in two parts, of about 1200 pages each, and includes the laws of all the States and of the United States up tc the close of the year 1913. The compilation includes also the orders of the industrial commissions of New York and Wisconsin, which have the force of laws. A mine of information is here furnished for any one inter- ested in labor legislation, the work being practically in- dispensable to any student in this field, owing to the wide distribution of the material in the various State codes and session laws, which have been searched page by page to locate the desired material A 46-HOLE DRILLING MACHINE Automobile Tool, With Spindle Speeds and Feeds, for Use in Four Planes Independent The adaptation of a number of standard heads is the special feature characterizing the four-plane multiple drilling machine that has recently been developed by the Baush Machine Tool Company, Springfield, Mass. The machine is intended for drilling all of the holes in the transmission case of an automobile, 46 in all, simultaneously. The ma- chine is arranged for convenience in operation and is said to be very flexible. The machine can, of also be used for other work of a similar character where various arrangements of different sized holes have to be drilled. course, A Machine Recently Developed fo Drilling 4¢ THE IRON AGE Octobs 19]4 () All of the heads have automatic fe. ; stops and the low back heads are arrang: a N at an angle. In addition, the latter ar; able for position, so that a great variet drilling layouts may be obtained. In t! holes are drilled irrespective of size. angle, as each drill runs at the proper sg; driven by a spindle of suitable size and anarm. Independent adjustments are » different lengths of dri! screw on the extreme the arm controlling it rangement, it is point: ables close center distanc secured, as there are no nuts projecting from the arm. th inner end having the sa eter as the spindle nose. A\| of the gearing is protected by guards and the spindle driving gears ry in oil valves in tight cases Canadian Ship Subsidies | In an article contributed Consular and Trade Reports, Cons General R. E. Mansfield, Vanco British Columbia, says: “In subsidies to steamships 1914 the Canadian Government | pay $2,238,600. For this sum th mails are carried free and freight and passenger service maintained o the ocean and coast routes for the development of foreign and domes- tic trade. On the Pacific there are several ocean-service contracts, chief nt Spindl of which is that between Vancouver and Hongkong, China, with calls both ways at Yokohama, Japan. This service is per- formed by the Canadian Pacific Company, the yearly subsidy being $225,000, of which Canada pays $125,00' and Great Britain $100,000. A subsidy of $180,00 yearly is paid for a monthly service between Var and Auckland, New Zealand. The Canadia Government therefore pays about $305,000 in subsidi« for the Pacific coast.” Thus does the Dominion see to promote its export trade. couver an Automobile Transmission Case Simultaneousl) fa 914 THE IRON New of Single-Acting Pillar Presses rbury Farrel Foundry & Machine Vaterbury, Conn., has brought out a r presses equipped with ratchet and attachments. The machines are de- at the two attachments are inter- and four sizes of machines are con- the so-called short stroke machines, her patterns which are practically the that they can furnished with the supplement them. There are no spe- features in the friction dial attachment it is arranged so that the work can arried through the dies or brought up ckout so that it can be knocked down pn of the dies, an attachment being fur- this purpose. In operating this ma- precaution necessary is for the oper- the work right side up on the dial as the be Recen tly Developed Line Dial an be operated at a very high rate of though it is useful only for one operation ind work. eneral appearance ’ the In the ratchet dial type, the paw! i on an arm, A, which holds it in an arc enter of the dial. The connection D to the end of the pawl, which is shaped ell crank, and has a stop to limit this le the arm A has a friction at the ch is covered up with the washer that keep the dial in place on its bed. The D is operated by an arm, C, which is ack of the right upright of the press. arm B operates this arm, the two being an adjustable sliding block so that er of notches in the dial which are used iried from 12 to 24. A spring, which is as to act on both arms B and C, is em- return the pawl and the pawl driving ' *m, this construction being relied upon to ‘ash out of the mechanism and make the © more positive than would be the case ers were permitted to get loose at the timing of the dial operating cam, which ted on the side shaft that is driven by rs on the left end of the crankshaft, is the dial starts to move forward when the is half way up and the indexing is com- of the machine is ; of the type now on the market. tion of ; ‘ of Single-Acting 759 AGE pleted at or before the time when the gate reaches the highest point of its stroke. The cam holds the pawl in this position until the gate is practically down. By this time the tools have entered into the dial so that before the pawl releases all possibility of getting the dial out of place, it is pointed out, is passed and it is practically impossible to move the dial during that part of the stroke of the press or when the press is coming down, as it would be necessary to force the pawl out on a 14 -deg. angle against the friction on the arm A. When the pawl starts to return the first portion of its motion is taken up by lifting it out of the dial notch until it hits the stop on the lever A which is carried back until it is in the right position to enter the next notch. During this time the gate is moving upward and if the dial is not indexed to the right position, due to breakage of any part or some other accident, the locking lever E, mounted on the lever C, will not enter which is tne siot Pillar Pre esses Showing the AD] Feed while the other end of the former will engage with the stop on the lever F, holding it up and stopping the press with the gate up. The constru the levers in the rear, it is pointed out, tion ol leaves the whole back of the press open so that the tools can be slid from under the dial without disturbing it or the table If the knockout should fail to bring the work out of the die or the bottom of a shell should become punched out in drawing through, leaving a shell between the die and the dial, re liance is placed upon the design of the connection D to bend or break before other way. The clutch furnished on these machines is of the standard key type and the knockout is worked from cams which act directly on the end of a straight knockout rod. In this way, it is pointed out, special cams can be made if necessary and the knockout motion can be easily changed to suit the work at hand. All of the gears of the machine are protected by guards and a table is furnished for holding the work together with a shelf on the side for the wrenches that are usually furnished with the ma- chine. A hand lever at the side or a foot treadle is employed for controlling the operation of the machine. The any part gives Dominion Department of Labor says Canada is enjoying industrial peace, there being no labor dis- putes of note. 1F | Sanitation and Safety First Applied to the Brass Industry Unusual Regulations at the Pullman Works to Safeguard Health—Pro- tective Measures for Machinery BY F. MOERLt Great sums _ the injured man is replaced temporari| of money are so familiar with that particular job. ( Onsequently spent these days the output will not come up to the usual quality o» | in safety work quantity, which means a financial loss to the firm —______/_ with no direct How much better a man can work in a clean. well. cash _ returns, lighted and well ventilated foundry or Emergency Stretcher and Safety Bul ’ finishing letin at Entrance but in carefully shop, than in one presenting opposite condition: scrutinizing re- is well known. 2 sults we will find it a movement not alone one of hu- At the Buffalo convention of the American Ip. manity, but also one of economy. For instance, a_ stitute of Metals, in 1912, Dr. Charles L. Parsons man working on a certain machine is injured and representing the United States Bureau of Mines Pouring Brass at the Pullman Works—Men Clothed in White Same Koom as that Shown at Left 30 Sec. After Pou incapacitated for a week or two. It may require brought up the subject of health conditions in brass the machine to stand idle, or as is usually the case, foundries, and the discussion which followed demon- sania aniahentiasdihdids Js Iai sii tt clit Sa Aca sl strated that many of those present were keen! meetings, Chicago, September § interested in this problem of conserving human Pullman Company, Pu ae energy, and that several of the industries repre- sented had already installed shower baths and other sanitary equipment. July 1, 1911, the occupational disease act became effective in Illinois, and at first the attitude of man; of both employers and employees was more or !es hostile. Some employers, considering it a new fangled fad, reluctantly complied with provisions of the law and then only to such extent as to Dé within its absolute requirements. Others willing!) and cheerfully installed the necessary equipment, and even went beyond that which was expected 0! them in providing safety and sanitary measures. On the other hand, the men did not unanimous’) welcome the law as one made primarily for their welfare, and displayed more or less antagonism They regarded the compulsory compliance on their part as an encroachment upon their personal liber- ties. At the Pullman Company’s plant in Pullman, these conditions have been practically overcome, and what is now commonly known as the “safety Drs! movement is being more and more advanced by bot management and employees. ; The First-Aid-to irene) Pas oe Opened Cabinet, in a As my duties require the supervision ol 760 the 1914 re of trimmings for approximately 2000 .r. taking in not only Pullman, but also ntract cars for the different railroads, my ns of the safety work are practically lim- . brass department, and outside of that I only in a general way. nortion of the work directly affected by s occupational disease act is in charge of department chief clerk, and it is his duty se and regulate the medical examinations, anging of overalls, jumpers, towels, etc., roper entries on forms gotten up for that Molders, grinders, coremakers, melters, brass foundry employees, including the ce, polishers, buffers, platers, painters, and sand blasters, come under the super- this end of the department. The safety investigates and recommends relative to nliance with federal, state and city laws and es regarding matters of sanitation, build- i prevention of accidents. This end of the .fety department takes in the entire plant. Before we can put a man to work at any of the med occupations, he must first undergo a medical I Connection Serves the Dipping Tank tion, made by the company’s physician, who on a regular form as to the applicant’s When the application has been approved, may be put to work, but before commenc- g the safety department furnishes him with a white overalls and jumper, towels, nail and, if necessary, goggles, respirator, rub- ves or rubber apron. The goggles are sup- grinders; rubber gloves and respirators to ‘asters. A proper record is kept of this trans- nd when leaving the company’s service these ust be returned to the safety department, are properly sterilized. le shower baths are installed, and it be- igatory on the man’s part to take a shower least one each week, a certain time being each department or part thereof for that One-half hour is allowed by the manage- each man every week, and no deduction made while taking the bath. Once, and ases, twice every week, he turns in his veralls and jumper and is furnished a aundered set. The towels are also fre- nanged the same way and the respirators nd sterilized at regular intervals. employee coming under the regulations of department is allotted a two-compartment equipped with a small mirror, proper THE IRON AGE shelving aad. (eee suitable coat = . and hat hooks. Locks are fitted to individual keys; the keys are fastened to a key ring, to- gether with the employees’ gate house. brass check. The lock- ers are divided into an upper and lower com- partment; the upper for the street clothes a and the lower Saw Sienen’ Mes for the shop ind Other wearing apparel, and are so located in the different washrooms as to allow sufficient room for changing from street to shop clothes or vice versa. The Locating Fractures Injuries washrooms are The Sand last Operatives are Prot equipped with long, and in some cases, individual wash basins. The large ones have a number of faucets with running water, the latter being prop erly mixed to a suitable temperature in an adjacent Mixing Chambers and Liquid Soap Provided in Shower Baths — THE IRON AGE The Tumbling Barrel, at the Left, Has an Enclosing Guard as Cover Rolled to Give Access to Barrel Polishing large tank. Liquid soap containers are placed at regular intervals. Ten minutes prior to quitting time, these washrooms are opened to the men to wash in and change clothes, and by the time the whistle blows they are all cleaned up, and in leav- ing the works many might well be taken as belong- ing to the office force. Every employee in the brass foundry and finish- ing departments must undergo a medical examina- tion once every month, and if found affected with plumbism, or any disease peculiar to the trade at which he is working, he is most closely scrutinized with a view of overcoming the cause of the ailment, which usually results in the correction of some slight improper practice and the consequent disap- pearance of symptoms. In the more severe cases and those where no other correction can be made other employment is found, but even then the case is kept under the doctor’s surveillance until com- plete recovery. One of the great problems in the brass foundry and brass finishing shop, that of ventilation. While the construction of some of the older build- ings is such as to necessitate artificial means of removing fumes and foul air, yet buildings of more modern types are, or should be, so designed as to is 4 Applicants are given a medical examination. Employees are given a medical examination once a month. White overalls, towels and nail brushes are supplied. PNUNUOUUUOVENUUUVOT.UESOEEU AUT Goggles are provided for operatives at grind- ing machines. Rubber gloves and respirators, periodically sterilized, are given to men engaged at sand blasting. Time is allowed once a week for a shower bath. Liquid soap is provided at wash basins and 10 min. allowed before quitting for washing. | 1 ' Lockers have two compartments, one street and other for shop wearing apparel. jor LINLLIONUUNAIE Iii i] a ~H Room Which Has of What in Brief is Done to Minimize the Possibilities of Occupational Disease in the Pullman Works NaN NH 0K ; Well as its Belt Drive, the View Showing the Barrel Gy at the Right is Given an Idea of the Extensive Use of Hinged Guards, Thess Course Local Exhaust Systems insure natural ventilation by providing sufficient windows and skylights, which can be easily and quickly opened and closed. In summer-time this wil] work out without any great difficulties, but in cold weather we find that the men object more or less to the opening of the windows, and some would rather inhale the metal fumes. In such cases we found that the factory inspector insisted upon open- ing up everything during pouring time. In the ac- companying illustrations will be found reproduc- tions of two photographs. One picture was taken while pouring, and the other was snapped in the same position as soon as the smoke had cleared away, which was only 30 sec. The floors in the brass foundry should be kept moist at all times, and one of the laborers dele- gated to use the sprinkling can liberally. Under no circumstances should any one be allowed to eat lunch in the foundry, polishing or plating rooms, and suitable places should be provided for that pur- pose. The Pullman car works was one of the first shops to meet all, and even went beyond the re- quirements of the occupational disease act, and the management at all times is willing to consider any new safeguarding device, or suggestions of health measures. AU AA ULM ik A commodious lunch room is one of the de- partments of the plant, as workmen are not a- lowed to eat in working rooms. ‘ A suggestion box forms part of the saj: bulletin boards. There are 28 first-aid cabinets and an X-ray room as well as regular hospital room. AAA\UUNNUALAUUANANTUSONEQQUUUNALSUUUASRAYEONNENANLUUUNROSLUUERSAALUOGNNAASUUCUOAAEOUGLONARUT TENA TAU PNNA ET The average time lost for each employee per month has gradually dropped from 48 min. im January, 1913, to 14 min. in May, 1914. In 1913, 12 per cent. of the employees lost 1 day or less on account of accident; 18.5 per cent. lost 1 to 5 days; 8.2 per cent. lost 5 to 10 days; 9.7 per cent. lost 10 days and over, and 51.8 per cent. lost no time whatever. uni 1914 ] rover at, CCl wheel exhaust heads and guards were nd made in our own plant. The exhaust made of 1%4-in. sheet iron, and the guard 1,-in. boiler plate, assembled by oxy- welding. The whole head is arranged to .s to take up for the wear of the wheel. nortion of guard front can be adjusted lose off that part of wheel not in use. The emoving the wheel is hinged, and when ne fastened by a catch, as well as a bolt and ird; at the uppe1 right is a guarded lathe guard to the cone pulley ng as stress members in case the wheel shower baths are equipped with a mixing is supplied with hot and cold water, ng it to a suitable temperature. They are n sets of seven, each again sub-divided urtains, for the individual bath. Vapors out by large natural draft ventilators, eiling or side wall. ve 28 first aid cabinets placed around the lepartments of the works and about 70 trained to do first aid work. The first ittention is received in the first aid room, e of fracture the X-ray apparatus is used rmining the mode of procedure. Photo- re taken of all fractures. While we term aid room, the equipment and facilities nt for handling any minor or more seri- Ons. THE IRON 1! Machinery Guards Used in the Pullman Works eo (06 AGE To clear a dipping room from the obnoxious acid fumes is a difficult task. After trying out various schemes and ventilating systems, we found an 18- in: wall type fan run at 1700 r.p.m. direct connected to a motor, the most effective. The motor must be either encased or the fan shaft extended into the next room and there connected. Guards completely enclose the tumbling barrels and also the belts up to a man’s hight. The belt guard is arranged to open easily and quickly in case At the upper left is an enclosed band saw equipped also At the lower right is a vertical slotting machine with open of belt repairs. The portion of guard over the tumbling barrel proper can be opened similar to the roll top of a desk. A night school for employees has been organized by the Cleveland Crane & Engineering Company, Wickliffe, Ohio. It meets every Tuesday evening in the town hall and is open not only to the employees but to any one in the town who wishes to take advantage of the op- portunity. Instruction is given in elementary mechani cal drawing, free hand sketching, arithmetic, geog- raphy, history and shop problems. Lectures in these and other subjects are also to be given. About 50 men and boys were present at the first meeting. An export shipment of 5000 ft. of Longlife conveyor belting was recently made by the B. F. Goodrich Com- pany, Akron, Ohio, in response to a cable order. The shipment was made in 10 rolls and weighed some 18 + STEAM AS A BY-PRODUCT Utilizing Gas Engine Jacket Water — High Velocity of Flow to Prevent Loss of Heat A process of steam generation looking toward the utilization of the heat now lost through the cyl- inder walls of an internal combustion engine into the water jacket has been developed by J. B. Meriam, Bruce-Macbeth Engine Company, Cleve- land, Ohio. The process makes use of a closed cir- culating system together with a centrifugal pump. The function of the latter is to force the water over the engine cylinder walls at a high velocity and thus prevent even temporary adherence of bubbles similar to those that are formed on the inner sur- face of the ordinary household tea kettle. This formation of bubbles clinging to the cylinder jacket of the internal combustion engine tends materially to interfere with the flow of heat and thus the cool- ing effect of the water. A series of experiments and tests were made on a 150-hp. engine of the four-cylinder tyne. A cen- trifugal pump was used to force the water through the cylinder jackets from which it passed into an inclosed tank which was connected to the suction side of the pump. The velocity of the water was from five to ten times that ordinarily used. It was found that a pressure of 10 lb. could be secured on the system in less than 30 min., and later on the pressure increased to 50 Ib. It is stated that with a well-designed exhaust gas boiler,:it is possible to recover some of the heat of the fuel lost to the exhaust, so that approxi- mately half of the total number of B.t.u. of the fuel > ll i as THE IRON = AGE October 1914 i c | _ hogahe so Fes \n Experimental Outfit for the Generation of Sté the Jacket Water of a Gas Engin« from will be available in the form of low-pressure steam. The exhaust boiler or any low-pressure or heating boiler located close to the engine can be included as part of the system. The engine on which the tests were conducted was equipped with a water jacketed exhaust manifold, but without a specially designed exhaust gas boiler and it was found that the tenm- perature of the exhaust gases leaving the engine The Apparatus Installed in a Building for Heating the Hot Water Supply (jet e] l, 1914 manifold exceeded 950 deg. F. at full the engine operating at full load it is cal- iat approximately 4 lb. of water will be ed into steam at 25-lb. pressure for each i rsepower hour delivered by the engine and the tity of steam generated per brake horse- aie vill inerease as the load decreases. This is ‘ne to the fact that the engine under these condi- ti ns ; a lower thermal efficiency and the fuel ition per brake horsepower hour is greater. ests that were made it was found that at ter load the evaporation was 7.3 lb. of ner brake horsepower hour. fhe steam produced by this method is available for heating buildings during the colder nths of the year but for industrial service where | boiler or supply of steam would otherwise required. The system has been installed in the Younglove Building, Cleveland, where there are as engines of 30, 60 and 150 hp. with one ven centrifugal pump to supply the high water to any or all the engines and a single on tank. The horizontal tank shown is used r heating the hot water supply for the building, fitted with a steam coil. This coil receives from the vertica! process tank or from a pl ire heating boiler in the next room. This rrangement enables the hot water tank to be car- full city pressure while the jackets of the engines are subjected to pressures of from 5 to i) if oni The bottom of the process tank is con- ected with the bottom of the heating boiler in the idjacent room by a 114-in. pipe, the water level remaining the same in both. New Feature in Coal Handling from Car to Ship t the new coal-handling plant that will be built for Southern Railway Company’s terminal at Charles- , there will be incorporated in the arrange- novel feature for putting’ coal aboard ships is taken from the railroad cars by the car per. Mention was previously made of the fact the contract for this plant has been placed with Wellman-Seaver-Morgan Company, Cleveland, The dumper itself will be of the Hulett type ar to that installed at the recently constructed handling plant at Norfolk, Va., except that it will inted on wheels and will be moved by power along ck with a coal-loading tower. This tower will de means for loading coal directly from the car to a ship without the necessity of elevating the the top of a stationary coal pier, as has gener- een the custom. In other words, machinery will the place of gravity loading. It is expected that this plant the same speed can be maintained as the gravity loading system and that the coal will ndled much more directly and the breakage there- The handling of ~ (" be reduced to a minimum. oal in carload lots without breakage is a very e feature of a coal-handling plant. AT nt eresting example of the amount of slack that possible to have in a belt where the Cling-Sur- treatment has been employed is presented by a ngle leather belt in the engine room of the public baths, Kennington road, London, S. E.., This belt transmits power from a 15-in. one 33 in. in diameter and the distance be- the shaft centers is 5 ft. The speed of the illey is 500 r.p.m. Power for driving two washing machines, one 36-in. fan, one 36- mangle and one 38-in. hydro-extractor is ted by the belt. Belt tension is reduced to extent that due to the weight of the belt the eas of the pulleys have been increased approx- per cent., the belt being so slack that the ns almost touch in the center. wel THE IRON AGE Shaping Machine with Pulley Guard The use of a constant-speed single pulley drive instead of the four-speed cone pulley type has enabled Gould & Eberhardt, Newark, N. J., to guard the driving pulley and clutch on a recently developed shaping machine. Both are completely inclosed with the result it is pointed out that it is impossible for the operator of the machine to be injured. The guard can be set in any required position to suit the angle of the driving belt and can also be conveniently removed when necessary. In connection with this constant-speed gear box of the selective type is employed The pulley has an improved form of clutch and brake, controlled by a lever placed so that the operator can stop the machine at any point of the stroke without it being pulley a 1ecessary to stop the driv ing belt. The gear box is of the selective auto mobile transmission type and the gears are easil) shifted while the machine is running as general Machine Single-Pulley Driv ind Selective Twne A Shaping Equipped with a Completes Guarded thing, although it is recommended that in shifting from the slowest to the fastest speed that the ma- chine be stopped for a moment before the gear corresponding to the highest speed is thrown in. The changes are made by shifting the bottom lever which, as will be noticed from the accompanying illustration, can be located in four positions to give any one of the four speed changes, the arrange- ment being such that it is practically impossible to engage two speeds at the same time. The gears in the box are made of hardened vanadium steel with cut teeth and run in oil. With a direct drive on a 28-in. machine the speeds obtained from the gear box are 39.9, 58.1, 82.1 and 115.3 strokes per min. The back gears enable four additional speeds of 9.35, 13.22, 19.24 and 27 strokes per min., to be secured. The small lever above the gear box at the extreme right of the engraving controls the engagement of the back gears and the handwheel on the pulley shaft provides a means for adjusting the drive to engage the back gears when the ma chine is not in motion. The Western Reserve Steel Company, Warren, Ohio, has completed the erection of the building for its new sheet mills and expects to have the plant ready for operation about January 1. The plant will con sist of six mills, foundations being provided for the installation of two additional mills. The plant will be electrically operated, the power being furnished by a commercial company. House Organ Conduct Restaurant and Other Means to ed for Shop Employees for Workmen, Co-operative Store, Promote Efficiency and Loyalty in Hydraulic Pressed Steel Company Plant House organs conducted in the interests of the selling department of a manufacturing industry are very common. Other publications of this type are in the nature of newsy pamphlets that contain in- formation of general interest about the various de- partments of the plant and the activity of the com- pany in its various fields, these publications appeal- ing almost wholly to the interests of the executive heads, sales department and office employees and not reaching men in the shops, except possibly the heads of the departments. A house organ that is entirely different is being published by the Hy- draulic Pressed Steel Company, Cleveland, Ohio. This is issued for and in the interest of the work- men in the plant to whom it directly appeals. The publication, which is known as the Hydraulic Press, is gotten out monthly in connection with wel- Empiovees Ma Serve Themselves Brit Low Cost with Food Their Own Lunches fare work of the company and is an eight-page pa- per 9 x 12 in. in size, well printed on heavy stock and containing quite a number of illustrations. It might possibly be more rightly called a shop paper than a house organ. It is designed to cultivate a spirit of loyalty to the organization among the em ployees, to make them better acquainted, to make them more interested in their work, to make them better and more efficient workmen and to uplift them in various ways. It aims to bring the man- agement in close touch with the men and to show the latter that their employers are taking a per- sonal interest in their welfare. TYPICAL CONTENTS OF THE SHOP PAPER The general character of the publication is shown Prepared by Wholly, by a brief review of some of the feat This contains an editoria team work; a signed article by J. H. F: president and general manager, asking of criticism or appreciation from the m ing the 8-hr. day established recently | pany; an article on saving time on piece w other on the waste in the shop of such sup) drills, files and oil, and a story involving of fiction the process of making a brake dru ing. with the mining of ore. An announceny: made that a column will be run under the “The Safety Valve,” in which employees are ask to criticise anything around the factory to th hearts’ content. The foreman or official direct! concerned will reply in the same issue, either plaining what was not understood or recent issue. ex eX] ressing ‘ PS = mn 3 Gi ~ e _ Chef at All the Company But Use the Tables Whethe In Part or Not thanks for the suggestion and telling what Wil be done about it. The writer must give his name or clock number, but his identity will be conceaiec by the editor. " Another department of the paper is a page & voted to suggestions made by employees and prize awards for meritorious suggestions. Workmen are invited to make suggestions which are considered by a suggestion committee, and prizes of $2 or >» each are awarded for the best suggestion. The sug- gestions are printed in brief and in the one referred to there were printed nearly fifty 0! suggestions with comments thereon by the sugge*: tion committee. Awards were given for nine 0 these suggestions. In connection with the po tion of the suggestions, it was announced that those 766 jssue these ’ 1, 1914 s winning prizes would be carried out in In the case of other suggestions the pa- | that the proposed changes would be fur- estigated, had already been ordered made s were given as to why the suggestions t practical. remainder of the paper is taken up with a lighter vein and items of a personal such as a story about a baby contest among lovees with a cartoon of the judges, a half- ture of some of the shop employees who are sports and a few shop photographs. A dvertisement department is conducted for efit of the employees, this being designed workmen an opportunity to advertise free ge articles they have for sale or exchange, tools and furniture and for advertisements ployees who wish to purchase such second- Various heads of departments make ent contributions to the paper. Every shop ee is furnished with a copy of the paper ee of charge and the men take a great deal of in- terest in it. A large number of the employees are foreign birth and some of these who cannot read clish have their children read the paper to them their homes. SELF-SERVICE HOT LUNCHES rticles. In connection with its welfare work the com- pany has recently established a factory self-serve lunch room, which is in charge of a capable chef. The lunch room was established to improve the physical efficiency of the workmen. With good, wholesome food for lunch the men are found better fitted to do their work in the afternoon than if they depend on a cold lunch brought from home, and they are kept away, in the noon hour, from the neighbor- ing saloon. -At first a regular meal was served, but later this was changed to an a-la-carte service. The staple bill of fare includes soup, one kind of meat ind sometimes two, two vegetables and potatoes, and milk, dessert and bread and butter. Fresh fruit is provided in season. The restaurant harges are for meat, potatoes and gravy, 9 cents; egetables, 2 cents; coffee or milk, 3 cents; pie, two slices of bread and butter, 1 cent. At the present time only about 20 per cent. of the employees patronize the lunch room. Many of the foreign workmen are not inclined to spend their oney in buying food in the restaurant when they in bring it from home, but the number that eat in the restaurant is growing. Plenty of wholesome (ood is provided at a low cost. Men who carry their hes are allowed to use the tables in the lunch | and can supplement their cold lunches brought home with anything else they see fit. The verage cost of meals in the lunch room is about 17 The men pay for these meals with coupons books which they purchase, and the books con- 3s worth of coupons. The restaurant is con- tly arranged so that the whole line of work- ay be served in 64% min. At present it costs mpany $40 to $50 per month above receipts to ite the restaurant, but this amount is regarded | expended, because of increased efficiency. \ CO-OPERATIVE STORE FOR CANNED FOODS connection with the restaurant the company ‘ains a co-operative store from which it sells ployees at cost canned vegetables, coffee, eggs ther food products. As the company buys n quantities, it is able to sell them at a great ess than the regular retail price. In the case of the goods the price is but slightly more ne-half the regular retail price. plant library is conducted by the company offee ) ) cents; THE IRON AGE -~] ~~] for the benefit of its employees. In addition to the circulation of books, magazines are contributed by the office employees. These are not returned, em ployees who take them being allowed to keep them. Massive Press of the Double-Crank Type The Cleveland Machine & Mfg. Company, Cleve- land, Ohio, has placed a line of heavy pattern double crank power presses on the market. Several sizes ee | A Recent Double Crank ction Weigh- Press of Hea Const ing 35,00 ? have been developed and each size is made with various widths between the housings, this dimen- sion in the one illustrated being 72 in. The frame is of the four-piece type, the mem- bers being held together by heavy steel tie rods. A variable die space with a maximum of 72 in. be- tween the bed and the slide can be supplied to suit the requirements of individual cases by changing the length of the housings. A special connection is furnished for use with high dies, requiring ex- treme dimensions. The slide, it is pointed out, can thus be adjusted through the whole die space and the necessity of using auxiliary bedplates, ring bolsters, etc., for dies of normal sheet hight is thus eliminated. Extensions are provided for the slide ways to prevent the slide from overhanging its bearings. A multiple-disk friction clutch is included in the equipment of the machine. The operating links are fully inclosed to prevent the exposure of any revolving parts. The adjustment is universal on all levers and the brake arms are operated by a pair of toggle links. A hand lever placed in a convenient location for the operator controls the clutch. The press illustrated measures 72 in. between housings, has an 8-in. stroke of slide and weighs approximately 35,000 Ib. A forge shop fan with both the blast and exhaust fans mounted on the same shaft has been installed in the forge shop of the Toronto Railway Company, Toronto, Ont. It supplies the air blast for a num- ber of small forges and the blast duct is located beneath the floor, as is also the case with exhaust piping from the forges to the exhaust fan. Aside from the mounting of both fans on the same shaft, the design is similar to the standard sets of the builder, the B. F. Sturtevant Company, Hyde Park, Boston. a Gardens Furnished Steel Plant Workers Experiment of American Steel & Wire Com- pany in Cleveland Allowing Employees to Culti- vate Unused Tract Proves Highly Successful Putting vacant land adjoining manufacturing plants to work for the benefit of employees is a new field of activity in the line of welfare work that has so far been given little attention by plant mana- gers, but which is beginning to attract considerable works in Cleveland and its Donora steel works ang Donora wire mills, Donora, Pa. Adjoining the Cuyahoga works are 20 acres of unused land, and early last spring R. W. Ney, gen. eral manager of the wire mills of the Clevelang Employees’ Vegetable Gardens Cared for Before and After Working Hours and at Noon Time; at Upper Left What Is Know as the Harvard Garden Plot on June 20 and at the Upper Right the Office Plot on June 24 interest, particularly among companies owning tracts of land of considerable size in the vicinity of their plants which may not be used for building sites for manufacturing or other purposes for many years. In The Iron Age of August 20 there appeared an article relating to the experiment of the Norton Company, Worcester, Mass., in allotting unused land to its employees for gardens. At the time the Norton experiment was launched last spring a plan very similar in its details was adopted by the American Steel & Wire Company to provide garden space for the employees of its Cuyahoga ~) district, conceived the idea of turning this ground over to the workmen as garden sites on which vege tables might be raised at the same time affording healthy and profitable recreation. The land set aside for garden purposes consisted of two plots, one of slightly over 4 acres divided into 24 lots 67x 73 ft.; 8 lots, 40x 115 ft. in size, and 5 lots, 80 x 65 ft. in size. The other plot covering »” acres was divided into 58 lots 50x85 ft. in sizé, making 95 plots in all. The shape of the plots made it impracticable to divide the land into gar- dens of uniform dimensions. | The land was plowed 68 1914 ompany, harrowed and gotten into good r gardening purposes before being allotted then staked out by the company’s engi- lepartment, which placed a number on each identification. )» BY COMPANY AND DISTRIBUTED BY LOT lovees of the Cuyahoga works and pension- this plant, the Newburgh works and the furnaces, as well as some of the employees Newburgh & South Shore Railroad were the privilege of cultivating the garden plots. ere not drawn by lot, but were assigned as ts for them were made. No regulations were ed for the cultivation of the land, but the ere instructed to work it to the best advan- nd were given to understand that those who negligent in this respect would be refused a plot next year. Management of ‘the gar- vas placed in the charge of a committee by the superintendent, the other members he committee being the assistant superinten- hief clerk, chief time keeper and two fore- The company Offered prizes aggregating $60 the best gardens, the management committee ng as judges. The gardens as a whole were ed in a home gardening contest conducted by | newspaper. All the men took a great deal of interest in the work and some purchased fertilizers to enrich the The work of cultivating the gardens was done mostly before and after working hours and in the noon hour. Generally the men were well re- paid with the crops they secur