The Iron Age 1914-07-09: Vol 94 Iss 2

TUNER PETE TULAUESODDD NAAN TUUPEDDELEREL TAL EERLA DOLE pea ttt —_—— VUULVAETAAEUUDUONEETNERETAEDUUAEDEAEODETTERDTU DUET EDTTAEETA AEE UUAEUAAD TEN OOL ANON AEDSA NENA A HALA NEDEUNELANEANUNENOOeRDOEHHONRONNE Established 1855 New York, July 9, 1914 Vol. 94: No. 2 The New N. & G. Taylor Tin-Plate Works With the completion of extensive additions to sheets is obtained. more & Ohio and Western Maryland railroads. nection is also made with the Penn- sylvania Railroad by The Additions to the Steel Plant at Cum- berland, Md., Which Make It an Inde- pendent, Self-Contained Tin-Plate Mill iliary hoist and also one Case crane with a 25-ton the works of the N. & G. Taylor Company at Cum- main hoist and 5000-lb. auxiliar Thirty-ton ladle berland, Md., a good example of an independent, there are to take the steel from the furnaces t self-contained plant completely equipped for the the casting-pits, the steel being bottom poured i1 manufacture of tin plate from pig iron to finished small ingots. The works are located at South THE BAR MILI Cumberland, Md., and are reached by both the Balti- Con- The ingots from the open-hearth are re-heated inacontinuous heating furnace pre- paratory to being means of a_ short transfer across town. The property covers some ten acres, located on high ground over- looking the Potomac River and the Chesapeake & Ohio canal. The plant consists of open- hearth furnaces, rolling mills, black plate mills and tin house. THE OPEN - HEARTH DEPARTMENT. the open- hearth department three 25-ton basic open - hearth fur- In rolled into bars on a 24-in. 2-high rough ing-stand, and a high finishing mill built by the United Engineering & Foundry Company This mill is driven by a 32 x 48-in: 750 hp. Hamilton Cor liss engine. The finished bars are carried on an auto- matic motor-driven run-out table to a No. 2 vertical motor driven shear built by the United neering & Company for the Engi Foundry espec ially purpose of these bi cutting irs naces provide the accurately to short supply of steel for lengths. A ft er the plant. On the shearing, the bars charging side the drop into water furnaces are served bosh from which by a Wellman- they are carried Seaver - Morgan Casting the Ingots, I . automatically by standard high-type chain convey r ‘to 1-motor charging machine with the proper comple- the transfer-buggies, and are thence ! distrib ited ment of charging-boxes and trucks hauled by a to the various hot mills in the black plate narrow-gage locomotive. of a locomotive boom and an Electric Controller & Mfg. Company’s On the casting side the furnaces one Alliance Machine Company i-motor mill type crane of 40 tons capacity on the ain hoist, and 714 tons on the auxiliary. s also one 35-ton Morgan crane with a 5-ton aux- handled by means & Steinbrenner ifting-magnet. ire served by department. A new size-E Long & Alstatter motor- driven shear is being installed to cut heavier sec- tions of bars. This shear will have a capacit' shearing bars up to 8 in. x 2'% in. Pig iron and scrap are 15-ton 8-wheel Orton crane, with 45-ft. for THE BLACK PLATE DEPARTMENT This divided taining three 26 x 30-in. in. hot m lls, into two sections, hot mills direct connes ted to a 38 x 60-in the first con There and two 26 x 32- tarig ro iv These mills are served by a Mesta high type pickling machine, 3 direct-fired annealing Corliss engine. furnaces and four stands of 22 x 32-in. cold rolls, direct-connected to a 150-hp. Rarig Corliss engine. The other department has three 26 x 30-in. hot mills, direct-connected to a 450-hp. engine, and also two stands of 22 x 32-in. cold rolls on the same train. A standard Mesta pickling machine is used, together with 2 direct-fired annealing-furnaces, and the usual equip- ment of heating furnaces. Two boiler-houses fur- nish the steam for the plant, equipped with 7 ‘ rliss Rarig ( » s L. 2 & o-arm high-type 9 4-1n ~ » IRON July 9, 1914 AGE 20-ft. return tubular boilers, with feed water heat- ers of 2500-hp. capacity of the open type, built by the Hoppes Mfg. Company. The boiler feed pumps lupl the Epping-Carpenter Company are duplex built by and the Laidlaw-Dunn-Gordon Company. THE NEW TIN HOUSE black plate mills, the finished sheets a monorail conveyor to the dip- From the b are transferred by ping plant or tin-house, a distance of about 135 ft. This conveyor a Shepard monorail electric hoist f 3 tons pacit equipped with a trailer cage. = THE IRON AGE 75 Monorail Transveyor and Hoist Car he hoist is operated by a 4-hp. motor and has fting speed of 13 to 26 ft. per minute. The travel through a 2-hp. motor and has a speed of 250 to 00 ft. per minute. The runway is 17 ft. high and ludes a 45-deg. curve. The new tin-house recently completed at the works takes the place of the company’s former fin- ishing plant in Philadelphia. It embodies new ideas gained from the company’s long experi- ence in the manufacture of high-grade tin plates, and is widely regarded as the last word in tin-house some Mesta Low Type Pi ng Finished Blackplate to Tin Hous« construction in this intry. The build ing the pickling-room extension and tinning-stac} is about 400 ft. long and 100 ft. wide Of this width, the central portion of the building by a 5-ton Shaw standard 3-motor crane of 60-ft span. The full load hoist speed this crane 25 ft. per minute; full load travel speed 300 ft. per 1] minute. All motors inclosed, and all gear on the trolley is completely protected by cast-iror The crane, interior walls of the building, and all structural steel work are painted white. The are covers. a a ms 2 roof construction of the building has been especially designed to provide the maximum amount of light and ventilation. This is secured by providing al- ternate high and low bays, and the excellent lighting of the building is apparent from the accompanying illustrations. At night the building is lighted by large Adams-Bagnall regenerative flaming arc lamps and by Mazda tungsten incandescent lamps. The stacks in which the tinning-machines are lo- cated are large and airy, being almost twice the size of the stacks in the company’s old works at Philadelphia. They are built of structural steel covered with hollow tile to protect the steel mem- bers from the heat in case of fire in the stack. The stacks are lighted by large windows of fireproof construction, with wire glass, furnished by the Lyster Sheet Metal Works, Philadelphia, in accord- ance with the requirements of the National Board THE IRON AGE July 9, 1914 of Fire Underwriters for construction of this sort. The tin-house is served by a pickling department equipped with an improved low-type 3-arm Mesta pickling machine. The equipment includes large tanks and cradles for pickling sheets up to 36 x 96 in. After pickling, the sheets are carried in water- boshes by the overhead crane directly to the various tinning-stacks. The tinning equipment and other machinery in the building are driven by Westing- house 220-volt direct-current motors. The product of the stacks is sorted on large tables occupying the center of the building. The finished sheets are carried by the crane to the ex- treme south end of the building, where they are stamped and packed. Space is also provided at this end for a stock of finished tin plate in boxes. The tinning equipment includes combination charcoal stacks with Thomas & White tinning ma- zu a oo ac 9, 1914 THE IRON AGE v7 nes and Morewood finishing pots, also Jumbo of tin and terne drosses, the storage of black plate, ts and machines for making heavy cokes and the manufacture of copperas (ferrous sulphate) to rge tin and terne sheets up to 40 in. wide, any utilize waste acid from the pickling processes, etc. ngth. There are also triple machines, automatic A large and unusually well equipped machine- - p tchers and patent cleaners for coke plates, built adjoins the tin-house building, with lathes, planin the Aetna Foundry & Machine Company, and_ shaping, milling, drilling and grinding aiaees mbination terne stacks equipped with Adams & cold-saws, etc., for both light and heavy work Vhite tinning machines, and finished through ma- An electric power house furnishes power and ines of the company’s own design, making all rades of extra-coated plates from 12 lb. to 50 lb. he equipment includes also the “full 7-open-pot m-oil-hand-dipping” stacks, an exclusive process EXO" NS GEN eh nel ) ,* The Tin House cesses on from Either North End, Side The Showing the Product of Each Stack employed by the N. & G. Taylor Company, in which are made the Target-and-Arrow brand of roofing plates, formerly called Taylor’s Old Style. This process, it is emphasized, was transplanted bodily rom the company’s original works in Wales to their Philadelphia plant, continued there without change tor 20 years, and removed complete to Cumberland. All structural steel work of the building and tacks was furnished and erected by the Belmont ron Works, Philadelphia. The tin-house building roofed with Target-and-Arrow roofing tin. The tin-house is served by other buildings pro- ling for the storage of empty tin plate boxes, the fining and mixing of coating metals, the reducing Exceptionally Good light for the entire works. This power-house equipped with one Ames engine, direct-connected 150-kw. General Electric generator; McCue engine, direct connected to 125-kw : Thompson-R one a mie 7 ol oa Lighting The 7 Sorted on the Tables ning- Stacks Are Located the Re- ywwn the Center of the Buil generator, and one Ball engine belted to 62'4-kw. Westinghouse generator. A new 300-kw. direct- connected unit is now being added to this equip- ment, consisting of a 24 x 24-in. piston-valve heavy- duty Harrisburg engine, connected to an 8-pole engine type 2 50-volt direct-current Crocker-Wheeler generator. A laboratory is maintained for testing purposes, and a foundry for ingot molds and miscellaneous gray-iron castings, equipped with a Whiting cupola of 2500-lb. capacity, and a brass melting furnace, core ovens, etc. Natural gas is used throughout heating purposes, in the plant for all ‘luding the oper hearth fur- ~] oo THE naces, lers, tin- heating and annealing furnaces, boi ning-stacks, ete. The various departments are connected by a private telephone system. Although a majority of the buildings of the plant are of fireproof construc- tion the company has taken extensive precautions against the risk of fire, and hand-extinguishers and fire-pails, a 40-gal. chemical fire-engine and New man time-detector watchman service is provided The time of the employees is checked by the Inter national time recording system. In order to attract workmen is provided a separate two-story building equipped with plumbing fixtures of the latest improved sanitary type, furnished by the John Douglas Company, Cin- cinnati. These washstands with hot cold water connections, shower baths, etc., the accompanying cuts. the best class of the plant, the comfort of the employees for by include and shown in A BUSINESS 105 YEARS OLD The development of this company’s business has been an interesting one. Starting in 1810 in Phila- delphia and continuing as an importing business until the McKinley protective tariff on tin plate went into effect in 1893, it moved equipment bodily from its Welsh connections to Philadelphia. The Philadelphia plant was operated for a number of years merely as a dipping-works, on black plate, some of which was imported and some furnished by American mills. Later, the Cumberland plant was purchased and practically entirely rebuilt. During the past ten years the product of the Cumberland works in the form of black plate was shipped to Philadelphia for tinning, but within the past year the tinning department has been moved to Cumber- land, so that all processes are carried on there. The company’s main offices continue in Philadel- phia, at Chestnut and Third streets, and stocks of finished tin plate are carried in the principal cities of the country. The business of the concern has been handed down from father to son through four generations, being now in its 105th year. Men's Lavatory, Toile ts, Ete IRON AGE July 9, 1914 A Record Size Hook Block What is believed to be the largest hook block ever made has been designed by the W. W. Patter- son Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., for the Illinois Cen tral Railroad. The total weight of the block is 2500 lb., and it will be used on a 50-ton derrick car for bridge erection work. The maximum load which the block will be called upon to handle is 50 tons, the factor of safety being 3!» to l. The hook is equipped with ball bearings and was forged from a spe- cial billet 8 in. square. In the forging process the billet was flattened so that the final meas- urement was 10%¢ in. in depth and 6 in. in width at the back. The Hook Block, Built Work Large hook ng 2500 Ib., latter supporting the Bridge Erectio1 hook in the block weigh 1040 lb. A strap of °¢-in. metal, 8 in. wide and plate are placed between the first and second sheaves of each side. The strap and the two plates support the beam of the hook and the hree inside plates are 14 in. thick. The block has four heavy cast-iron separators between each pair of plates, these being used to give more rigidity to the block than possible with the ones usually em- ployed, which are made of gas pipe. The edges of the plates were ground and filed smooth, this being relied upon to eliminate any chance of the cable cutting on the edges of the plates. The sheaves, which are 20 in. in diameter, are ‘.-in. wire cable. Metaline bushings for the sheaves. The tail bolt is 2 in. in diameter and the sheave pin is 1 in. larger, a 14-in. dog being furnished for the latter to prevent it from turning. The diameter of the head bolt is the same as that of the sheave pin, 3 in., and the lugs of the beam supporting the hook are 3'% in. in. diameter. Although the block was of design and construction throughout, it was shipped in 23 days after the order and the beam, the We proper, I] ana a ,-1n. grooved for a are used special was placed The General Electric Company reports the following among recent sales: Cambria Steel Company, Johns- town, Pa., 500-kw. rotary converters and six 175- kva. transformers and a 375-hp. induction motor and compensator; American Bridge Company, Pitts- burgh, Pa., a 4-ton electric storage battery indus- trial locomotive; Aluminum Ore Company, East St. Louis, Ill., twelve 15-hp. induction motors and compensators; Forged Steel Wheel Company, But- ler, Pa., eight 105-hp. mill type motors; Hart- ford Machine Screw Company, Hartford, Conn., four additional 75-hp. induction motors; Riter-Conley Mfg. Pittsb Bourne Company, irgh, pressors; Fulle: 200-kw. motor-generator set wark Foundry & Machine Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a 425-hp. induction motor and controller; Dobbie Foun- dry & Machine Company, Niagara Falls, N. Y., 13 in- duction motors ranging from 5 hp. to 50 hp., and three 2300-volt transformers and accessories; American Iron & Steel Mfg. Company, Lebanon, Pa., three mill motors of 200 hp., five of 300 hp. and one of 400 hp., provided with regulating sets for operation at variable speed. Pa., six centrifugal gas com- Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a and switchboard; South- ly 9, 1914 loor Conveyor for Handling Hot Shells in The Iron Age of September 4, 1913, a descrip- was given of the plant and manufacturing proc- ses of the Prest-O-Lite Company, Indianapolis, Referring in that article to the process of an- ng and the furnace equipment, the following ement was made: “Though not yet installed, the iipment for handling the annealed shells includes onveyor on which the hot shells will drop from annealing hearth, the conveyor to travel at such ite as to bring the shells to the industrial track transfer back to the presses, cool enough to be ndled.” The conveyor has now been installed, : he accompanying view shows the general characte. in which it does ind A Tt} he mechanism and the manner work. It is an endless type, the supporting chains on ther side carrying cast-iron, perforated plate seg- ts making a continuous moving platform flush floor. The conveyor is 6 ft. wide long, so that, traveling at the rate of 12 f n., the shells are given a cooling period of th the and 60 ~ tT n. in transit from the furnace to the distribut g¢ floor. The conveyor handles pieces weighing m 17 to 100 lb., although this is not the weight t of the eyuipment. The number of pieces han- ed in a 10-hr. day varies from 500 to 3000, depend- ng upon the sizes of the shells being treated, the ength of time in the furnace varying with the size. Ss is equivalent to the handling of a daily aggre- te of about tons. To operate the conveyor m 5 to 7'% hp. is required. Prior to the installation of the conveyor it ceedingly difficult to hold men on the job of lling the shells from the furnaces because of the treme heat, while the long rods with which the 25 was 14n- THE IRON 79 AGE hot shells were manipulated made their distributior awkward and slow. This was especially true where, for economy of room in the are placed in lurnace, taili snelis ¢ the liamete! small diameter shells. separa much Not has the work been made easier for the men at th large! Tea Being much cooler, these are now while on t more easily he convevor discharge end of the furnace, but the tw merly required for dragging the shells to the co floor can now be eliminated ine conve built by the Chain Belt Company, Milwaukee, V Ohio Metal The P ts ! ss te Ci r } } () I issued ar ed oct é ts high-grade pe ing steel ré the 1 re I the ) Ve eing plie The pamphik it tl in ¢ elle ‘ ple of tl vith pen-ne tee oO % ! nd wearin: é While it rer | pract la ‘ ! val ) ‘ i iccess é o the fact as carbon, sulphur, silicor phorus, have been reduced t ( usual in basic open-hearth ste th impurities, wl ich could only be removed cost, are evenly distributed throughout the 1 careful heat treatment, and the possibilit i and egregatione avoided DY the addit r tne rt amount of copper.”” The Portsmouth Steel Company | ; expe enced and mechar if and which every facto a staff of metallurgists, efficiency and uniformity of This metal! is offered by the company in several forn such as billets (either for forging or blue annealed sheets, box annealed sheets, galvanized sheets and sheared plates. It i rious popular styles of roofing competent backed by a plant in results f - “« “* LO! iS mal rerolling), slab al also made up in va Powdered Coal in Industrial Furnaces’ Comparative Tests at Schenectady Works of the American Locomotive Company, with Oil, Mine Run BY WILLIAM ry) . bil Schenectady, N. Y., oil furnaces have been in use for heating the blanks for drop forgings and general small forge work and hand-fired coal fur- naces for the heavier work in the hammer shop The equipment is now being changed to burn pow dered coal fuel, and a milling building has been erected to contain the coal drying and pulverizing apparatus. The advance in the price of fuel oil in 1912 and the refusal of the oil companies to guar- antee deliveries or to renew contracts for any con siderable length of time led to an investigation to determine what fuel would be a satisfactory substi- At the works of the American Locomotive Cx pany, tute for oil. The stalled in- devel- apparatus was that the rized Fuel to the Cross-section of Hammer Shop, American Lo« Scale and Thence to the Hopper drive and at tl ymotive Cx nd the » upper e uppel oped by the American Iron & Steel Mfg. Company at its Lebanon and Reading works and now han- dled by the Quigley Furnace & Foundry Company, New York. The plant was built and started in May, 1913, and while there has been the usual amount of trouble in getting a new fuel system to run smooth- ly, the results have been satisfactory. The coal milling and distributing plant is motor- driven and centrally located in a building of non- combustible construction. At present it has a capacity of 5 tons an hour and is so arranged that by duplicating the dryer and pulverizer its capacity can be doubled. This plant has a con- crete hopper placed under an elevated track where it can be served either by discharging directly into *From a paper presented to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, St. Paul, June 17 Mr. Dalton is chief engineer of the American Locomotive Company ind Mr Quigley is vice-president of the Quigley Furnace & Foundry Company Coal DALTON | —+ || LF / > dein eee | / PR ‘ / - ™ \ SY a : So a SF a. 4 — at | ™ we r | | | mi mm} Thi lel and Pulverized Coal AND W. 3. QUIGLEY it from the car or from the stock pile by means of a traveling crane and grab bucket. The concrete car hopper discharges into a rotary crusher capable of reducing 20 tons per hour of run-of-mine coal to *4-in. cubes, from which it is carried by means f a bucket elevator to storage bin which dis- charges by means of chutes end reciprocating feeder into an indirect-heat type dryer of 6-tons per hour capacity. From here it is elevated to a dried coal storage bin arranged to feed by chutes directly into the pulverizer, then elevated to a pul- verized coal storage bin, from which it is distrib- uted by screw conveyors to the drop forge and hammer shops. The plans permit of further exten- sion to the blacksmith shop, power plant and other departments later (Figs. 1, 2 and 3). The milling building is detached, well ven- tilated and built in conformity with the under- writers’ requirements and accepted by them on a par with buildings containing equipment for a fuel oil or gas for industrial purposes. There S has been no trouble whatever from spon- Se taneous combustion, or fires from SS \ —, — SS a < N ( C IN Convevor the center Bringing the Pul is an elevation of the other causes, and there appears to be no reason to expect trouble from this source if ordinary precau- tion is used, as required with any other kind of fuel. To insure the best results, the coal should be of high volatile and low ash and should be dried so as to contain not over '» of 1 per cent. of mois- ture, care being taken in drying to avoid over- heating and so driving off any of the volatile con- tent. The coal should be pulverized to a fineness that will permit 93 to 95 per cent. to pass through a 100-mesh sieve, and for some classes of work even a greater degree of fineness has been found desir- able. In the burning of powdered coal, the fuel con- trolling device is the most essential element in the successful operation of the system as a uniform and controllable supply of the powdered coal must be supplied to the burner at all times. The controller used in this installation was developed by the SO 9, 1914 erican Iron & Steel Mfg. Company, and used essfully by that company for seven years. [he furnaces in the drop shop are rebuilt oil ices and those in the hammer shop are rebuilt d-fired coal furnaces, and it should be emphat- stated that it is a serious mistake to attempt pply powdered coal to existing furnaces without iilding them in a manner best suited to that since rapid and economical operation, as well he elimination of the ash, cannot be ac- plished without properly designing the furnaces the new fuel. Coal has been burned in this with an ash content as high as 18 per cent. uniformly good results, although the high ash es considerable annoyance where open fur- es, such as used for heating small forgings, without doors are used or where doors not wholly during operation, unless ient hoods or an exhaust system for properly posing of the small particles of escaping ash is stalled. The foregoing gives in a general way a descrip- of the important features of the plant. After first two furnaces were equipped in the drop » and one in the hammer shop, tests were made determine the savings effected with the use of 8. Cis. closed The Three with Waste wdered fuel as compared with fuel oil and hand- red coal practice; and also as to what changes eeded to be carried out in the alterations upon the ther furnaces. The results of the tests are here of Pulverized (Both Same Coal Furnace Furnace Size) in and Oil Drop Shop Pulverized Coal Fuel Oil Furnace Furnace No. 3335 No. 5078 l 10 hr. 22 min 9 hr. 25 min nsumed 2177 lb. coal 138 gal. oil time per heat 25.1 min 25.8 min ge time per forging 1.87 min 1.47 mir forgings ; ae aa 132 gs to be counted 132 132 of fuel at contract $2 82 ($2.56 ton) $6.69 (4.8c. gal.) 1el delivered to ; rnace $2 31 $6.89 . $3.31 $ The powdered coal furnace ran 57 min. longer n the oil furnace. However, 30 min. were lost s ause of failure to charge furnace on the one and 18 min. were lost on the next because plate heating dies was not put in at the proper time. Che work was on pedestal die wedges, which Heat Boiler THE IRON AGE 81 are of iron. The blocks weigh 25 lb. and the forg- ings 16 lb. The time lost on the pulverized coal furnace would more than allow for making the forgings, so that the amount turned out by each furnace should be considered equal as indicated in the table above. some weight should be given the fact that the oil costs were probably kept at a minimum, as the heater was thoroughly familiar with oil and able to obtain the maximum heat with the mini mum amount of fuel oil. The same men ran each furnace and the only factor of importance was that the ram used on the hammer at the oil furnace was about 500 lb. heavier than the ram on the hammer at the coal furnace. This did not affect the time of heats, but allowed a quicker forging time and there was less time lost with nothing in the furnace The coal contained over 14 per cent. of ash, which is too high for the efficient use of pulveriz« coal. The volatile matter analyzed low cent.), but as this coal has been running above 30 per cent. in volatile matter it is believed there must have been some fault in the analysis in this resp and investigations ing it. The results show the cost of was 20-28 per are now being made regard yperating the fur Equipped for Burning Pulver nace on pulverized coal in these tests was 48 per cent. of operating it on fuel oil at the present price Comparison of Tests on Large 3-Door Forge Furnaces Same Size Under Waste Heat Boilers Nos. 45 and 61 No. 45, old style furnace burning mine run coal, hand-fired Nov. 12, 191: No. 61, new furr equipped to burn pulverized slack l Nov. 21, 1913 I r No. 4 rN M e Rur Pu Zed ‘ al { Hours ran 10 hr mir ur Fuel consumed 4630 Ib »00 Ib Average time per heat 117 min rr Cost of fuel actuaily delivered $6.69 $4.14 Tonnage per furnace 1920 1920 Cost of milling, conveying nd blast $0.48 $1 Total cost of fuel burned $7.17 $5 Cost per ton outpu s14 $11 Stack temperature 340 deg. F 24 eg Blast on furnace 14 oz 1 oz Blast on coal 6 oz Another table covers a comparison of two fur- naces on the same class of work and heating the same amount of material. There was too high a percentage of ash in the slack coal (13.72 per cent.), otherwise the samples are representative 82 THE IRON of the two grades of coal used. In comparing the maintenance of the two styles of furnaces, the pul- verized coai furnace had not been run long enough to make an accurate comparison, but indications are that the maintenance of the pulverized coal will not exceed that on the old style and will probably run less. The saving in labor with the pulverized coal furnace is shown to be: Three men on ashes at $1.7 - Three men on fires nights at $2.10 6 Per 24 hours run Based on the shop running at average capacity there would be a labor saving of $11.55. This allows for men to start furnaces in the morning and wheel away ashes and slag. From these reports it will be noted that the air pressure required for burning powdered coal is materially less than that used on either oil or hand- fired coal furnaces. Owing to this decrease it was found necessary to lengthen the stack on the waste heat boiler to increase the draft and afford a better circulation. A MULTIPLE-SPINDLE LATHE New Vertical Type of Rapid Production Machine Having Hydraulic Tool Feed A new type of rapid production machine espe- cially adapted to the manufacture of automobile parts and known as the Conradson automatic ver- ticdl multiple-spindle lathe has been brought out by — A Recently Developed Verti« tion of Automobile Parts al Automatic Multiple-Spindle Lathe AGE July 9, 1914 the Giddings & Lewis Mfg. Company, Fond-du-La Wis. This machine possesses all the functions of ; multiple-spindle turret lathe with the added ad vantages of a hydraulic control tool feed and design which economizes floor space and promote easy handling of the work, together with exce; tional rigidity. The design provides for a heavy base whic! carries a central column and side housings with cross girt at the top to support this column in rigi alignment. Mounted on this central column is spindle carrier with six spindles. The carrier i arranged with a circular rack and pinion, by means of which drive the six spindles are rotated into suc cessive positions about the central column. At eac! spindle position the spindle gears roll in and out of the mesh with driving gears arranged to pro vide all of the necessary speed changes required by) the size of the work. During the indexing opera tion the spindle speed is greatly reduced and the mechanism is arranged so that the tool is brought up to full speed simultaneously with the downward feed of the tool carrier. The indexing operation is completed very rapidly, the time being approxi mately 2!5 sec. The spindles are fitted with chucks in which the work is mounted. Immediately above the spindle carrier is a hexagonal tool carrier, like- wise mounted on the central platform. As the former carrier is rotated the spindle positions are set to register with the position of the tools in the tool holder. These tool posts are mounted in the tool carrier in such a way as to give independent vertical adjustment for presenting the tool to the work. In addition to the cutting tools mounted around the central column, side heads are provided on the housings for facing and turning. These side heads have all of the usual adjustments and may be ar- ranged for angular feed if desired. The vertical adjustment of the tool carrier upon the central column is accurately guided by means of ways on the housings. As shown in the illustration of the machine, the spindle drives for the cutting opera- tions are through a gear train from a driving motor. The operations of revolving the spindle carrier and feeding the cutting tools are entirely con- trolled, the former by means of a rotating cylinder, the piston of which engages with a ratchet pinion from which the rotating rack gear is driven and the latter from the vertical cylinder mounted on the central column as shown in the illustration. Both are differentially operated cylinders, the pistons be- ing controlled by a timer actuating a series of valves in a bronze valve box. Through this valve box the operation of the circular rack which deter- mines the spindle positions is co-ordinated with the ad- justment of the tool carrier through the main cylinder. The feed of the tools is ef- fected by a variable stroke multi-cylinder pump and the rate of feed can be changed without stopping the ma chine and is, in fact, auto- matically changeable at an) point. This affords very de- sirable flexibility in adopting the tool to the contour of the work. Samples of rough turned work done on this machine are interesting as showing the regularity 0! the feed under this control. 9, 1914 Re View of the Machine Showing the Chucking Finishing and the Facilities for A view is shown of this turret lathe tooled for finishing of automobile hubs as well as a view of lathe from the rear of the machine, showing the nner of disposing of the metal cuttings. bs are of malleable iron » rate of 25 per hr. The machine having been once set up for any ece of work, the operator is required only to chuck rough parts remove the finished nding in front of the machine at the chuck- position, the spindle at this station being neu- The rate of feeding can be changed with the ne running and two rates of pro- ed. The spindle speed may be changed at any of the cut and the feed as well. The machine operated with independent for or all of the tool posts. For very rapid work re simple character the machine can be ar- ged for double indexing, that is, equipped with sets of chuck jaws and two sets of tools, being nged to automatically skip one station ever) it Thus three pieces may be finished oth sides at every rotat These and can be finished at and pieces, feed are also be feeds indexes. ion of the spindle car- now being made in two equipped with 131!5-in. chucks and style th 24-in. chucks. The latter size is guaran- 0 finish an automobile flywheel 17 in. in diam- ompletely in less than 6 min. and a 12!»-in. rential gear forging in 3 min. In the choice terials of construction special care has been the use of hardened and ground steel for lles and gears, phosphor-bronze boxes for bear- and alloy steels to resist wear and breaking es, to all of which has added a liberal r of safety in determining the size of the s machine is sizes, ; been ng parts. oal milling building of the Midvale Steel Com- , lllustrated on page 1565 of The Iron Age of June sheathed, as stated in the steel article, but it rs that this sheathing, which both the nd sides of the building, is of asbestos protected covers THE IRON AGE L w Position of the Neutral Spir e with Hub |! Discharge e the Met é + Pulverized Coal for Steam Making In a paper presented at the recent pring eet of the American Society of Mechanical Engine R. Low, editor of Power, describes ome ot tne ea attempts made to use pulverized val under ole He also mentioned some of the systems on which eff is being expended at the presel! t time It pol te that with the ordinary method of burning coal, tl grate with its solid bed of incandescent fue more « 1 less en imbered with ash and clinker, it offé siderable resistance to the passage of ail some of the unburned fuel to sift to the hpit be fused with the clinker. If the fuel can be burned suspension, many of these difficulties disappear and ths draft-producing apparatus is reduced to will remove the products of combusti d allow enough air to enter to burn the required amount of fur The possibility of getting an adequate supply of oxyge1 carbon allow with a to the finely comminuted smokeless combustion minimum air the result is a high temperature with erosive ducit 4 characteristics that are not favorable to a lor y furnace life. If this redauced y decreasing tt amount of fuel fed the capacity is limited, while if effort is made to secure the same result by increa the alr s ipply the efficier cy 1 acrificed Explosior s of pre pared fue outside tn lurnace be easlliy gua ded against, as the coal, no matter necessary for its ow ombustion and i ( slowly if kept a compact mas It oO! whe diffused in a cloud that the atmospheri xygen « get to it quickly enough to make the rate of combust dangerous. Pulverized fuel can be conveved ir pI tically any type of holder if care is taken that it own or sifted about in a finely divided pace P cautions mu ‘ ken in designing chutes, convey: etc., that the pitch et to provide against the ' f their conte In cor sion the author es U ne erizing and the rge itial cost of the ap * iuired have com! ined to restrict the ee « ' oal for boile poses to specia ance The Board of Trade « f Massillon, Onio, ha tarte a movement to raise a fund of $50,000 to be ised ji purchasi! gy Dui ding sites and securir gy new industries for that city. A New Vibratory Testing Machine’ A Device That Furnishes Dynamic Values of Iron and Steel Under Stress —Some Results Obtained by Its Use BY S. V. For a number of years several of the large rail- road systems have included a vibratory test require- ment in their specification for staybolt iron; other large consumers, while not actually purchasing iron under such a requirement, have given the property to resist vibratory strains marked consideration in placing their contracts. The great drawback against the inclusion of a vibratory test requirement in such specifications has been due to the radical variation frequently shown in the results of such tests, when made on specimens cut from the same HUNNINGSt It was with a view of securing a machine that would overcome these defects, and which would als permit making such tests rapidly with a high de gree of accuracy, that C. L. Heisler, a designing en gineer of the American Locomotive Company, devel oped a machine along lines suggested by the author’ investigations conducted as chairman of the sub committee referred to above. It is gratifying to be able to state that experience has shown the machin to possess the following advantages: It is built especially strong; the heaviest size staybolt iron, as well as large specimens of heat-treated al- loy steels, can be tested as ac curately as the smaller sizes of staybolt iron; the fixed end of the specimen is held abso- lutely rigid—the three-piece jaws and exposed position of the test specimen gives an operator or inspector ready) means of satisfying himself of this fact; the accuracy of the tensile stress and deflection can be readily proven; the test specimen can be as easily placed and adjusted in the machine, and removed when broken, as a threaded tension specimen can be adjusted or removed from a tension test- ing machine; oscillating and rotative vibratory tests, as | well as tension tests, can be | made on the machine, making Fig. 1—New Vibratory Testing Macl bar, and apparently tested under identical condi- tions; and also the fact that no two vibratory ma- chines, either built by makers of testing machines or by companies for their private use, were designed with the essential features sufficiently standard to permit of the adoption of a standard method of making a test that could be accurately adhered to for comparison with tests made on machines of dif- ferent designs. These are the conditions which have confronted sub-committee III. on staybolt and engine-bolt iron, of committee A-2, in its effort to standardize this test A study of the machines and methods of testing by the above sub-committee indicated that the er- ratic results frequently obtained from specimens cut from the same bar and tested on the same ma- chine, were due to the fact that the specimens, al- though apparently perfectly rigid in all cases, were held with different degrees of rigidity; furthermore, the root of the thread of bolts differed to such an extent in sharpness and smoothness as to exert a pronounced influence upon the number of vibrations the specimen would withstand. *From paper presented at the seventeenth annual meet ing of the American Society for Testing Materials, Atlantic Citv. June 30 to July : *Chemist and engineer of tests, Americar Locomotive Company, Schenectady, N. Y i! t z } it possible to subject round specimens to either an oscil- lating or rotative vibratory furthermore, rectangular specimens, such as spring steel, can be subjected to the oscillating motion. To the author’s knowledge, no other ma- chine possesses such a wide range of capacity. Fig. 1 shows the machine adjusted for making a test by the rotative vibratory motion; to make a test by the oscillating motion it is only necessary to clamp a guide yoke at A and to adjust the bolt C. Attention is called to the following features of the machine: The bed or frame is made so heavy that a specimen of steel 114 in. in diameter and having an elastic limit of 125,000 lb. per sq. in., can be tested without causing the frame of the machine motion; to weave a perceptible amount. The specimen may, if desired, be tested under a direct tensile stress of 10,000 lb., and the load accurately maintained throughout the test. The weighing mechanism is as accurately designed as that of any tension testing 9, 1914 ne: in fact, tension specimens of 2-in. gage th can be tested in this machine as accurately as tension testing machine. he deflection is measured by a duplex multiply- aliper, one pair measuring the horizontal move- t and the other pair the vertical movement. The irement can be taken at any point from 6 to 12 from the fixed end of the specimen. Measuring deflection in this manner insures against any euracy, such as lost motion, due to wear in the Mu Vir A s 4 0.930 } 350 12.620 \ 1.800 9 440 9 450 ® O50 7.720 R RIO 10,610 Oso 10.070 ( + 760 7 “) & 410 & 940 ~ 0 9 480 BAR 8 B A eated 7,190 6,310 160 B B ed 7.110 6.490 g On | ( ited 1 460 1 570 1.670 } D. untreated 5 S60 5 490 5 300 B E, untreated 7.200 7.640 6.390 Bar E, annealed 1450 deg. I 4.000 t 140 Bar E, quenched and temper 7,780 7,760 Bar F, untreated &. 780 10.800 Bar F, annealed 1450 deg. I 6.900 Bar F, quenched and tempers 7.410 7.000 CAST STE! Carbon open-hearth stee 11.640 ‘ on Carbon open-hearth steel 10.730 11.230 Carbon open-hearth steel 11,850 | 11,310 irbon open-hearth steel 11,350 11,84 (arbon open-heart! steel S780 11.410 Carbon open-hearth ste« 10.450 & 220 irbon open-hearth ste« 11.340 11.750 \ adi op t irt ‘ 19 iv I hear ‘ 670 STEFI OF is : S is O44 if pe t B i & 89 cnn B i gt 640 f f I | 0 I 14.400 1025 deg. | 21.800 20. 121 i 20.320} I 157 | wn 1300 deg. I 11.600 11.01 ( reated ot ( t ite IM ( nnealed I 07 l 1,77 ( juenc! { 1025 deg. } { 06K C, reque g wn 1300 deg. | 17 7 " \ s est 8} re eo anadi l6 p ) unadium 0.17 pe I entric bearing, which controls the amount of de- n or eccentricity. ) insert a specimen D in the machine, the dogs re thrown up to engage the slots in the specimen k F’; the chuck is then tightened by turning the G, the plunger wheel H is then adjusted and tightens the chuck jaws J, which rigidly the fixed end of the specimen; by adjusting the eel J, tension is applied to the specimen, and the ne may be started after taking the reading of revolution counter O. (he jaws are chambered and fitted with circular springs which throw them open when the speci- chucks J and F are released. The jaws first on the machine were threaded in accordance staybolt practice—that is, with 12 V-threads These jaws gave satisfaction and held the nen perfectly rigid when the lead of the thread e bolt was precisely the same as that of the THE IRON AGE 85 thread of the jaws. The possibility, however, of errors occurring because of a very minute movement of the bolt at either end, the influence of which made the result of the test questionable, suggested the desirability of making the test on a more simple specimen—that is, a specimen that could be easily and quickly machined and be held more rigid than a threaded specimen, and, finally, a specimen having a form easily standardized, thereby insuring all tests being made under identical conditions. This has y y rat f \ 1 48 260 ; 8] g 18.620 S TK $9 930 >», LAO ) &7 g 49 910e 4. 400 oO Os 49 S30 i429) 9 iQ ¢ 18 090e 33.750 ‘ 50, 680 6. O80 0 5 50,430a| 36,140 1) 83 1) S30 i 2 f 50.870 7 . 760 29 {8 660 ; f 50.500 35,820 i3 0 7 61,690 IS BARK f ‘ 63.570 is ALO G4 ¢ "7 73.680 4 t1¢ ; g , 70,960 1? 6OO *, : 7 81,280 52,180 f ; ” 76,590 $2,170 1.0 7 44 g 75,400 | 41,080 31 is 4 Q 82.620 60.840 ‘ o 77,940 44. 910 oO % 77,940 44.910 0) S 77,940 44,910 18) ik 4 77,940 144.910 4) in 4 69 200 40 260 69, 200 40, 260 69 200 40, 280 3 1) 940 18 O80 26.0 17 0 540 19 O00 9 1s 7 4) 16,900 2 joo SS UY 0 7 a : O7t 4 + ww) ft ‘ ’ R00 a 00 0 f R4Al ( 15 OM 7, 27 16,40 “ 2 ~ been repeatedly proved impossible when working on threaded specimens, as the bolts differed at the root both in sharpness and smoothness of the cut. After considerable experimenting, it was found that the specimen shown in Fig. 2 was the most desirable from almost every standpoint, and that such a specimen could be held perfectly rigid on this machine with ordinary knurled jaws. This type of specimen and jaw was used in making the tests re ferred to in this paper. The specimen is well adapt- ed for routine work, and is especially desirable for vibratory testing of staybolt iron where it is im- portant that the diameter of the test section should closely approximate the diameter of the staybolt at the root of the thread. It is for this reason that the diameter of the test section is made equivalent t« five-sixths of the nominal diameter of the specimen tested. For testing material not influenced by the 86 amount of metal removed, and especially adapted for delicate work, experiments are being conducted with a different type of jaw. The results obtained to date are very encouraging. The test specimen shown in Fig. 2 has the fol- lowing advantages: 1. It can be prepared very quickly by roughing out with an ordinary lathe tool, finishing to size with a tool ground to a templet, then polishing with oil and emery paper. For closer work the specimen can be roughed out, then ground to size. When testing staybolt iron, or other bars that are rolled close in size and truly circular, it is only necessary to center the specimen accurately and then machine the section. eo SRN a form that can be ground or polished and will permit the ready use of a gauge test . . ] is of easil' THE IRON to check the diameter and radius of the fill 3. The length of the test specimen insures concentration of the fiber stress at the forward ¢ of the specimen, providing, of course, that the sp imen is accurately machined. 4. A turned test specimen permits the stud) the material during the progress of the test. T; is especially interesting and gives valuable infor: tion. The tests shown in the table were made wit! tensile stress of 5500 lb. per sq. in. and the specin rotated under a deflection of 1/16 in. as measured a point 6 in. from the fixed end. When it was | sible to do so, two vibratory tests were made fr each bar or specimen; with but few exceptions t variation in results from the same bar have check each other closely, as seen by reference to the tal Improved Continuous Annealing Furnace A German Invention for the Heat Treat- ment of Steel Wire, Bands and Similar Material—Quadruple Unit Construction Salau & Birkholz, Essen an der Ruhr, Germany, are building a new type of continuous annealing fur- nace, under patents granted te J. Walther, works manager of the Gutehoffnungshiitte, Gelsenkirchen. In addition to being continuous in operation the fur- nace, as will be noticed from the plan view, consists of four units, arranged side by side. It is designed to be used principally with steel wire and bands, which become so hard by reason of the decrease in thickness, following the hot rolling, that they must be annealed to enable them to be worked cold. This results in the formation of a deposit on the metallic surface, which must be removed by corroding or washing with acid, this treatment being not only cumbersome and expensive, but also deteriorating the quality of the product. With this new it is pointed out that metallic articles, steel, furnace, such as iron, nickel and the like, can be clean annealed, thus eliminating the production of ferrous oxide during Qo? the annealing and also the process washing with acid. corrosion The main parts of the furnace are an annealing re- tort, a, which is inclined toward the opening through which the material is charged and the cooler )} which is inclined in the opposite direction and has a water seal, both parts being connected by an arc, c. In the annealing process this system is filled with a non-oxidizing gas, which is lighter than air, wit! the result that the product to be annealed, which is led through from right to left on an endless chain prevented from oxidizing and thus keeps its clear metallic The inclined position of the retort and the water seal of the cooler are relied upon prevent The annealing r¢ tort a is made up of steel castings and has a muff shaped cross-section. The bulb-shaped cover carries surtace, the gas from escaping. internal heating ribs, which also serve as reinforce- The bottom has a series of guiding ledges + tare ey ——— ng Fur gy. 1914 THE IRON AGE e7 . - 7 = } 1 ee I —! ™ | ; asieas 7 ri 4 — —————— Kad $f - + SFT ee lire 4 id > ee i } * “ a - —_ TS ~ Seay Lu ” amediaenillh _) ’ ’ <> | = ‘ ’ ) TI | . — 4 ioe > | —= = rere een eT ce a muabedieneen ov aot = a ae SS eee 4 . 4 aaa ; —7 a a a . = Lt tt eet ater errr himinaassial eal. 2 eee <= aad Sy wy wy wet , ; ee corer gh gh gh dh! ? -_ = 7 ra > a SeaeRQQnRwNNeea VQ] = L ke . I Lem. ) “ + - ~ + s > - . a < 7 4 = — = = = _ I a a — = +4 \ I > wir \ I ] I > onveying chain and the retort is extended down The ratchet and paw ~ d for approximately 6 ft. by a sheet iron pipe, mechanism consists The retort is heated by producer gas giving a of a ratchet wheel nperature of approximately 800 deg. C. in the and driving and stop terior, particularly at the upper end. The exten- ping segment with five arresting pawls, tl on pipe d is freely suspended to enable the retort a quintuple subdivision of the pawl during the a expand. vance. In addition the stroke of the driving « The cooler b, which is of sheet iron, has a flat tric is adjustable, and it is possible to vary the rectangular cross-section and is double walled, so speed of the chain to suit the requirements of the t the cooling water can enter at the bottom work being handled. The wheel / provides for the hrough the valve e and escape at f. The cooler is maintenance of the proper tension in the chair freely suspended in the water box g to provide for In operating the furnace the water bo» free expansion and the lower end is about 4 in. filled until the opening of the cooler is w the water level, thus forming a hermetic seal. ered The test cock m at the lower e1 ndless conveying chain, h, with links made of the cooler is opened to permit the air to escape, castings extends through the whole sys after which the gas suppl alve n on the ar This chain, which is driven by a motor, opened, and the entire space is filled with ga he gearing eccentric 7 and a ratchet and paw! air being driven out throu