The Iron Age 1913-02-13: Vol 91 Iss 7

THE IRON AGE tablished 1855 New York, February 13, 1913 Vol. 91: No. 7 * . e a eat and Ventilation in a Large Foundry Che Plant of the International Harvester Company at Springfield, Ohio—A Fan Sys- tem with Air Recirculating Arrangements per heating and ventilating of a f emphasized as a better investment an g yre lasting benefit to a manufacturer thar f his office, machine shop or erecting plant d three departments it is only necessary t a that the men work more efficiently when rt rtable In the foundry, apart from increas¢ eff yn the part of the work al vhich is almost certain t e present made, is eliminated, if the apparatus yentilates as well as heats the building 9 eXal is had in the new gray-iro Champion works of the International Harvester Compa ecide at Springfield, Ohio s regular building is 676 ft. long and 150 am 5 ft. wide the hig and permits all the molding operations t n n one floor \t one end of the shop a space 150 ft under tl square has been partitioned off for iI department and the auxiliary buildings, in wl 1 department, molding and pattern vault, cupola house and the fan and | Scrap bins are arranged ea I i in he foundry building is of steel construction with brick the walls, and the sides and ends contain numerous monitor forn A TRL ‘ae | ad General View of the Ducts Over the Crane Rails in the New Gray-Iron Foundry of the Internatior larvester | pany, Springfield, Ohio 415 DO PRPs sctes » cenn» tanec Srey tr! i tts enema cena ially siteR AB t — i eie ACT we See Mg ned bun 6 emesis & 410 THE IRON AGE February . } S \\ a all en g +1 + i ia n with t | , yart - ns ' t tdoor windows are opened, as shown 4, and those from the main building are closed Buffa te fans, each 210 in. i1 imeter, deliver \fter leaving the fans the air is delivered to a larg* e, which in turn 2 1914 THE IRON AGE t run entire leng 5 \ “ f this large duct ar egin $ n distributing ducts, with th room a 5 s reproduced in Fig. 5 f tlets ed of 4ir toward the floor at 2 15 t n ir 1t 20-ft. intervals The for ee : . ‘ nned to keep the air ae ' ‘ n and als tt varmtl - e fi r also ke Ss the t r is made from condensing rculation . ‘ e . -: Y ~ New Self-Dumping Underfeed Stoker xtra Wide Grates a Special Feature Other Interesting Mechanical Details verte r { it I ré S W ir ° ~ ‘ Ril ~ lor + 9 ring iring ‘ * Wal I t in e ‘ nte the arcumn . . oe r ‘ eo é WwW ‘ t ¢ r pus 2. « \ ree the reruse ‘ rT i ¢ ani nN n 5 x . oe ‘ 6 ace ‘ a I g u a 1 tec ‘ e a " 7 wn over rack as snown t e I g é an +} an ll : a tan A ian ‘ + ¢ an ana tne scharge A l an c ss amount travel given the sher retor - ; unicall r y er suUDT r n ' nect i t -12 An n , rrar ‘ 4 ang . > A The nnounces any will rth Market street . rrar r ‘ enart if r ‘+ : 2 nicag now 4 Th, u.% . ine Vf ¢ r-arr Su n renrecer tive arrvir . L sa , ees ae rene ee ee IE kT eR I A Beet om tt rp Sota ar Vago its ERI Ae OS y aay Oe . The Human Element in Industry“ Further Details of the Work of the Service or Economics Department— Importance of the Shop - (Concluded an m e the interest of manufacturers today ( demands entiment, of charity, of philanthropy, aré¢ not th which have brought ut this change, but the pr 1 f modern standards of business nag ent S mic question through ar ¢ al he eco! ( rse must pull the welfare wagon first, last a d | til progress shall be m my] ‘ uces better results through having good ventilati leanliness and such reasonable conveniences a ke I health and contentment, it is worth while for the company to provide these things \ scientit were desired, of the economic value f sane w neg I ditions would be to make absolute tests, noting the output bre akage, absence, tardine ss and laying il inder present -onditions compared with the same under improved cor ditions Che old relation of patron and servant has 1 lace in a modern democratic industrial organization where the laborer sooner or later may become a high official, and where the ultimate basis of successful work not cast rank, “pull” or competition, but brains, education, trainin skill, intelligent co-operat ind emulati: Filth The considerati lust ids immediately to the thought of general cleanliness We must consider first the preventio1 f filt ind, second, its removal. The Navy Yard in Brooklyn has entirely done away with spitting in its shops, and I can see no mort reason why workmen should be encouraged or permitted to spit on the floor than to smoke cigars or pipes while at work. Cards like these are sted S s] NOT ray pPpOoOSD [AY SPR AT) TTS AS] I . 1 I Li/ i \ 1e schoolroom, in that all human beings whether lult or child, emplover or employed, are affected by force of example; and if the suy endent or foreman goes about the shop chewing and spitting, no posted rule will ever persuade a workman that he has not this right Cleansing Processes Methods of cleaning should be adopted which do not simply move the dirt from one place to another The cort broom and dry duster are dust movers, not dust removers Dry sweeping erm distributer. Dry sweeping, always to be criticized hould never be nitted where there are human beings r any other sensitive mechanical apparatus; but I have seen shops that have habitually kept employees idle for 15 minutes before clock, in order not to have them leave before noon on Sat urday, and during that 15 minutes vigorous sweeping was filling the air with erm laden dust, afr going on, wasteful at the benc Physician reterable form is the metal locker with solid isible throughout the whole length of r inspection and The tightly clos The locker must be kept ventilation an abomination lean, and its orderliness will be a good indicati haracter of the ownet There may not be any i le ng the tendencies of a workman than he way in which he keeps his clothes If he is rder n that particular, he is almost always 1 and economical 11 DS his locke other directions in a disorderly state is lil t 1 1 1 t } Lockers should be provided if illness is to be 1 inn e considered good shop practice to be s n facilities that workers shall have no place to ke veralls, or to change and dry the f und in investigations undertaken during large percentage of absence is caused t s taking cold by being obliged to work ed garments or by going out of doors in sweat ng that they have worn all day in the shop nly of women workers but also of men yrne is a right to prefer to work in pla he n have a locker to leave hats, coats and ot ents in safety during wor hours, and this rig if practicabl Lavatories and Fountains rend of the best organized shops is to ind asins, as increasing the self-respect of workmen at ng to attract the better class of labor impbin is tl heapest In the er Poor lavatory facilitic the “black r propazation ot venereal diseases and the type which provides a sufficient and « tr so that the lips of the person drinking touch the apparatus is best; but in many occupat! vorker can provide himself with glass or drinking wn, and keep it at his place Illumination ttention of all employers is_ being ect n these days to the question of illuminat mservation of human sight in industry. Tl be considered with regard to illuminatior ntilation, relate mainly to comfort. Simply a lot of light in the shop, the shop is n well lighted; in fact, overlighting may be as erlighting. Either may be classed as poor light lare 1 be more uncomfortable and fatiguing to han d light colds, bronchitis, pneumonia, diphtheria and consumpti to all, and infecting with disease those with less power of resistance The dustless broom, the dustless brush, wet sawdust and sweeping compounds, hygier floor brush n 1 cleaninge—these methods are available today. and should replace the insanitary, old-fashione: orn broom, mop and pail Lockers and Dressing Rooms Under the general head of sanitation and hvziene naturally would come the f clothing. Modern shops have individual lockers. The *Copyright, 1913, by Winthrop Talb +Editor Human Engineering, Cleveland, O} consideration of lockers for ynditions demand general illuminat 118 bright sunshine is usually detrimental, ase cited later under “Accidents”; yet in many s! zzlingly at some hour of the day on no effort is made to remedy it. In illumination of a general kind results are more satis! ind less wasteful as a rule if the lamps are pla nd in clusters When work requires concentrated attention, as keeping or special operations, and artificial light ployed, the mistake is as often made of supplying to light as of supplying too little. Just as it is distr ittempt to look at the sun, the source of natural tion, so it is fatiguing to compel the eve to rest } basement lavatory without its own ventilator placed ntaminate the air of workrooms abomination, and should be sufficient cause for eedings against a builder or owner ny states the common drinking cup ha been abolished by law Drinking fountains are desit ow 3, 1913 THE IRON AGE +19 \\ ry i { I vision e¢ t t ‘ dun ' lieahl Au é : 1IcaDle in St ases 18 that ] imina ‘ ess ‘ 1 1 1 . n t vork s ild come f1 y) ‘ na 1 ohne 1 ‘ ' 1 ' 5 ‘ y ised shed its light rect upon t W s t 1 j F ( e screened ITro l ey< I ( nz t ‘ } ‘ and ents Men : s is 1 | , SuTté on whe ner tact ' itly ‘ 1 hs i {! Ts 4 ’ ty; e ' t ’ i I ms and et ed spaces ‘ i] Lunch Rooms Medical Treatment } in emp é t e ft ‘ | + | + ‘ t . pT ‘ ‘ ‘ ' ' ew2 for « rt ters ness 1f nothing more.” The ac ft es ' ; th ‘ { i + ¢ 1 } . ; } t< i I e e ; sidered wavs ' nd ‘ 4 1) ra ‘ ' ‘ , 1 thr C t ‘ tir when the stior ; , ding All ir rKeTsS Was garded in eas rit in Observation and x<perie! 1 unt ‘ it vhere plants ‘ ! ‘ SOT . is n t 1S at adit I dé i ur t ti if r S¢ W t Tr ‘ ‘ ‘ oe Sane stim tnt : nstallation e nec ‘ | ‘ t t eon i t ¢ ig i tite m the , nd e to their | 1 either vitl ‘ ’ et aif ‘ ine merely a 6 badlv prepa a, | . ‘ ers are small eaters at the best. and it is there f ly wortl man er’s ttention t sae that ¢! e ctat 1 } ‘ +}, AT vork m s effective as t f vial ' ruphenense the workman t "m an nnect ‘ 7 unt shin la ne linne : f ’ ’ 7 TT rr ) nN energy . . 4 tt Work Clothes and Accidents ration re i n of ‘ ¢ ipsent sr 4 7 , , e° , , + ents ionge sleeves and leas) n ft stupid accidents | ele that 1 t sect im lude ict ¢ f (,0od ' r ter nz t rt x ‘ ; f injur but we are learning that when cur and injuries follow, we should study the tion t ind w ther I I W enor é I lac] f for it t sible her: nsider at lencth t iE we c y guards t it is worth while 1entio! iT rising fr Case tert ch ore ote aa sherwis ] ' mri, tat ' ' ‘ ‘ ‘ i > 1 ‘ ving of the machine itself. C ss pla tion and training nd Kcitit t t nes and prolonged employment of the oper alos os ; ¢ ¢ 9 e ‘f ess produce } ; ar ¢ t ‘ 3 netances strong ’ ¢ Tre 1 : Toa The Woman Counsellor , I Ss eaniimess t Q ohting if T : sata +] nditions affectin allie aes f ; 1 1 ; j } later ’ ‘ factory exist which may be dis ere we ‘ . ‘ ; vn and 9 successful nufact 1 worker + liments Tt faod tufts ndoubte 1] vec | r ti ? t ] percentage f its pr ts to the tact. experienc¢ thu f a woman who mothers all the 600 girls in | g " ictory s she who knows a: . s ‘ ‘ | Lose » * ’ r , : o vhom every girl can go im ca ack gs ' : f r f : PBHie . hould he that of the st-naid ‘ s in touch with the varying daily output of ea o a 1 it is she. a woman among women, who knows é ex t puis¢ al ex ar . . . ’ ; T . a < etly hoth m . j re nd ol ates the expression of the girls’ needs. It 1s training n 1G ae e eG. 0 +s . if Aamand the hiohect tyne + me od ause of her that strikes shortage ot labor and tseit emands he highe ype i anho¢ a a a 7 TT « 5 . 4 f ee een te tek ea Pa vis Sea } Inspection and Superintendence lf it be worth while to have a millwright employed especially to attend to the tightening of belts, to increase transmission of power, it is certainly worth while in every shop to appoint a mpetent and interested man, one sensitive to ait nditions, heat and imidity, to look after ventilatio1 erature, dryness and moisture, and let us include tl mination of the plant. “What is « ly’s business is nobody’s business and I find t ps with excellent methods of ventila tion, for ins it no one appointed to see that the expensive n s so utilized that comfort is insured to the wor [f indeed this duty be in the hands of any on illy the foreman of the root \ is yften 1 nf as to the effect of working conditio1 yn prodt and is not interested, or he is already over- urdent th other detail. At all events, it is better ! the responsibility for such matters in the han ther than many The human touch, the human relationshi f employe! and employed, which has so generally existed in a spirit of itelligent co-operation, not only is tendin disappear, no means are being taken to supply its place. In trial plants there should be organization of executive management for the human factor in productior In other words, there should be a Service Department ot Department of Economics which will accomplish for the human mechanism what the chief engineer and his depart ment do for the machin he establishment of such a department is the practi nethod of handling human comfort and efficiency through working conditions. Departments are highly organized expense for purchasing, accounting, transportation and engineering, but as a rule no department whatever to deal directly with the needs of the men and women who work for the concern. More strange than all, even so-called departments of efficiency seldom deal with human needs No industrial establishment in the land—and I believe this to be a conservative statement—is adequately equipped with an organized department dealing with the smooth running of its complex, costly human mechanisms and cheapest 1 - at iarge I challenge corréction in this matter. High salaried officials are permitted to exhaust their energies working in bad air in stuffy offices; delicate girls work in low- ceiled rooms tainted with odors from basements and lavatories; workers in grime and filth are encouraged t stay dirty, and allowed to return to their homes and children unclean, and so spread disease—and it is no one’s business or duty to study and remedy what is wrong The main difference between the machine and the human mechanism lies in the fact that when you scrap the machine it is the machine alone which is destroyed, often to be replaced with one more modern and at less cost; whereas when you scrap a man the community pays for those dependent upon him. If thought be given to this matter of the service or economics department its economic necessity becomes apparent; but space does not permit further discussion of this function of management Human Conservation We ré vell within the period ot conservation in this country. No longer may we waste material of any kind with impunity, least of all may we waste men; not because of lack of numbers, although that plays its part in times of activity as at present, but because of the growing general intelligence and the fact that people will not suffer it; the fundamental reason, of course, being that the community must pay for waste by the individual The fostering of human conservation means greater dividends in money, contentment and human happiness It heals wounds, it stills the contention of discord, it unites the employer and employed in their single and common interests. It is a constructive force amid our industrial problems, of untold worth to the surest upbuild- ing of the nation’s life What greater usefulness mav we seek in life than to further in such ways as we each may the cause of Con servation in Industry? The Olmsted-Flint Company, manufacturer of belting has removed its office from 136 Liberty street to 33-37 Sullivan street, New York THE IRON AGE February A Locomotive Crane with a Long B For the past year or longer, locomotive c1 een used with very satisfactory results by fabricators in handling structural st { stee 2 erection of factory buildings and other steel which are of a hight that permits the use of a . crane for this purpose. Special machines for tl work have been added by some of the crane their lines, these locomotive cranes being designed building ynstruction work as setting girders, russes, purlins, etc. A new crane of this type wa uilt by the Browning Engineering Company, ( Ohio, for the Virginia Bridge & Iron Company, Va., this particular one being ordered as a bridge erection outfit \n important feature of the crar length of its boom, which is 75 ft The boom, which is built in three 25-ft. sect ted so that the center portion can be taken desired to use the crane with a boom of the st ur 1 ft. length The to tal hight of the boom 1e ground is 81 ft. and this makes it sible to handle and readily he load and an aux iliary hoist drum_ to raise ind lower the x om [The power for hoisting is applied through a friction ‘lutch and a train of spur gears and the low- ering of the load is ac ‘omplished by a band brake on the drum, al- though heavy loads \ New Type of Locomotive Crane Having a Variable Length Developed by the Browning Engineering Compan) Cleveland, Ohio may be wered against steam pressure. Raising and ering the boom is accomplished by applying a jaw clut and running the engines, the power being transmitt through a train of worm gears. The worm gear is als ised to hold the boom in position Hoisting, slewing raveling can be done simultaneously and one man controls ull the operations. The rotating gear for slewing the boom in either direction is regulated by two friction clutches and 1 train of spur and bevel gears, being entirely independent tf the direction in which the engines are run. A fri ‘lutch and a train of gears control the traveling gea! propelling the crane. The lifting capacity of the crane ranges from at a 15-ft. radius, to I ton at a radius of 70 ft. The ct has a hoisting speed of roo ft. per minute and with « load will travel 500 ft. per minute. The rotating speed 15 5 r.p.m. The crane is mounted on two M. C. B standard gauge trucks. The truck wheels, eight in nu: are 24 in. in diameter, and are made extra heavy special M. C. B. treads. The Employers’ Association of Architectural Workers will hold its annual dinner on Saturday evening, February 15, at the clubrooms of the Building Trades Employers’ New Yorl \ssociation, 30-34 West Thirty-third street, (3, 1913 THE IRON AGE {21 evelopmentof Electric Welding "sin, srisces, the spots: having well defined areas of tecent Thomson Machines, Including an ferred to automatically feeds to the jaws stamped sheet xample of Spot Welding Apparatus uleys or s $s in tw n¢ vhich 1S atitten tina 1 a ‘7 ee ie ; pm ' welding has become an important factor l u oe 7 weld ndustry during recent years, and the scope of g per : sate we { ‘ ntinuous n has been enlarged rapidly. While some of ieths . vhere es are capable of a considerable range f weld- 9 nga variety . hapé and l [ ess il cut dow ‘ irrent for s ill s f wir with uund particularly adapted to duplicate work 1tout switcl] re ‘ pataeln’ aieie a dity with which it can De " c 5 i ar = are yf automatic machines h é , ] yse. The apparatus shown in the illustrations & Ss 12 i ie k] ton of ea of the range of application d¢ ped by th sec swit witcl Electric Welding Company, Lynn, Mass re cl rrent ct ' t kesw i ix el 1 the S r tec en 1 lie ub ; ne ive tT ila Fig ding oft : 4 a I fabr pre — been : for the I Either ts are it one between | ng elec- | tor ex A sighs shown ot | = I, or one ; = time by ! yf point des. The - is equal : ve when ae . nta ne — Fig. 1—New Form of Spot Welder Fig. 2.—Portable Equipment for Welding Wire «Cel lh gin peta RA ge 6 me 2 A OE sores a7 ais AST =~ 422 THE IRON Surface Quality in Steel ( I ( S teel al S adapt ibility to s S demandes n ( un nes ot service 1s sugges | I m Metallut i] ind Chem: hn “We | ( 1 ( { I steel almost ‘ sti t, yi point uctilit S t tigue, « while more lately | ertain classes of steel hnagnel SIS ine for certai st he estiol vility | ! ‘ R ' ymil { the Xt el n S tee] she ] rniture al f ir Ss ts, mart d hes sheets jure gh degree of finis Var re furnished by th she ving the surface in < lit such coating as the tabri | al St apply [t has een Sw : se so-called ‘finishes’ give is I mill are not to be regardec rely iL treatment superficial or entirely sul | |] sequent to the manufacture of the steel { sheet The character of the steel 41) is found to have much to do with su =N in applying the ‘finishes.’ There is pra f ry tically no literature on the subject it ‘The mills which have develop SY these finishes most successfully have not 3 | taken ti aahisn 3 } a . ar : SD taken the public into their confiden Chey have been learning rapidly, and the = information has not had time to perco- late, but it has become perfectly clear ) that to out researches as to how to =< make steel strong, ductile or hard as the case may be, qualities which ar of cross-section, there must be added tudy as to how t nake st S that vill present yield itself to beit rticul aracter of surface. This is practically a new field in the adaptation f steel t ~ommercial use The first man who modi the character of steel it rder to ntribute to surface finish has not come forward to claim the honor, preferring to endeavor to maintain a commercial secret, but we have reason to believe that what he did was don nly veri ie lhe Simmons Mfg. Company’s Safety Plans \ plan I increasing satety and romoting ene yy the expenditure of approximately $ 000 during the first year of its operation was announced at a dinner givet by the Simmons Mfg. Company, Kenosha, Wis.., the largest inufacturers of brass and iron beds in Ameri a, to 80 or more factory superintendents and foremen Otto Rudd, general superintendent, acte as toastmaste and among the speakers was C. W. Price, safety expert for the Industrial Commission of Wisconsin, and formerly in harge of safety work for the McCormick works of thi nternational Harvester Company President Z. G. Sin mons made an address in which the safety plan was an nounced a1 itlined. A board of efficiency selected from the list of factory superintendents and foremen, with Si perintendent Rudd as chairman, will have charge of tl distributi f the fund \ prize of $2500 will be divid among the two foremen who show the greatest ir ment in safety and efficien during 19! The Simm plan is regarded as one of the most comprehensi ; cb: eral ever undertaken by a Wisconsin industrial plant The fortnightly bulletin of the American Railway As ciation showed a net surplus of 37,260 cars on tl roads of the United States and Canada on February 1, o1 an increase of 8731 in the second half of January. The last report of a net shortage was on December 14, when it was 34,392. February A Mechanical Cylinder Lubri« A New and Interesting Force Feed Device for Use on Engines ation of engine cylinders by Cincinnati, mechanical interesting 1° accessiDIlifty parts, regulati for supplying SSS eli Mechanical Company, ‘ompanying drawings the plane of the longit at opposite ends. , is attached to the eccentr1 The ratchet with teeth on the driving wheel « carrying spring-acti the driving wheel, holding imparted is keyed to the shaft f, and fastened to the steel eccentrics g, in yokes h yokes are connected witl revolution eccentrics. two plungers, gh the sight the oil to the engine cylinder 2—A Transverse Section of the Pump 1913 THE IRON AGE 423 } I " \ ( c ne I a‘ S is ft é , ' S t S¢ T be varied i rding ‘ ssur red: the use of tive stops to ] he ‘ t m and the provid of 1 cvlin . ng ss-bea ts a ) sity t 5 r¢ juar el if é é ed f t ~ VT c ‘ G x ett . s s ( etw I t tw l in f ; I I 4 ‘ ‘ citi — —y-—__-——/ a = \ ‘ i ir} ‘ ts | ‘ ) } r © < o é ; raw! 1 \] he : ()y wnst S . : . L rie ind the passage r, igs. I and 2 ll at ‘D. al n thro the sight ngel es I th check balls ‘ ill ix ‘ w int { I T | ‘ ‘ ‘ fee flows wn tl i oe Tal co n ) inde is s xs n the upstroke of the pis eTa ‘ ills v and Fig. 3, into the cylinder. On : nt S I t this pist he balls S¢ ne l t sl vn S I ve the 5 re¢ ast the outle é Is ‘ igine cylinde pe f num ¢ ency is claimed ‘ sitive stear 4 é which ic not 6 me 4 ( Th - + 7 mined amount [his arrangement secures res in ¢ e amount of lubricant used, since no oil a ‘ ' ' eing fed only when the engine is running a show , 5 regulated in accordance with the speed ' n tl : . - s ° ry r lraulic Bulldozer for Heavy Forgings ‘ ’ icture of hea r truck ax! \\ ‘ . VW « “ mar ( mpany 00 | ton street \ew aa . ne ect \ aesigt ed i ve raul wld eT s y e special field for which the machine is ame time it can be employed for upsetting = St: . . , \i forgings for die press work Among 1D met ext res of the bulldozer are the arrangement Weight Bulldozer for Upsetting and Shaping Heavy Forgings for Die Press Work Built by e Watson-St New York City Ground Space in Foundries German Plants Turning Out Gray Iron Castings Use More Than Is Required in This Country In Sta ur sen for December 26, 1912, is a very interesting paper on the ground space requirements modern gray undries by Chief Engineer E. Munk of Hamburg e are at present no clear and well defined vie\ t necessary ground space for various classes of foundries, and the author set out to collect data t 1 German, Austrian, and Belgian foundries. Am ire not included because if they are nves erent dimensions are found, usually t German foundries. This-is du ’ standardize: nethod 1 this country I S r sin I de I L.equiremen in i u} ments. For instance nditions are much more favorable in those large American foundries where the cupolas are kept running the whole day and the finished molds are brought to them traveling table; then after being poured and shaken out the empty flasks are returned to the molder. In such cases the necessary space is greatly decreased. The large foundry of a Chicago machinery company, which produces mostly heavy castings, requires from 43 to 134.5 sq. ft. of molding floor per 100 tons yearly output, depending on the size and weight of the castings The foundry of the Nurnberg plant of the Machinenfabrik Augsburg—Nutrnberg A. G., which is re markably well designed, utilized and operated, requires 323 sq. ft. per 100 tons. The plant of the Schenectady Locomotive Works requires in its foundries 172 to 237 sq. ft. per 100 tons yearly output. The large foundry of the Sachsischen ft. heavy machinery Maschinenfabrik Chemnitz has 807 sq Both works produce locomotives, steam engines and The difference is particularly notice THE IRON AGE tons yearly output. Febru of toundries for small in Chicago uses 62.4 s the case ible in McCormick plant larvester Company as a whole, 258 to 280 Compared with this t! he Gebr. Sulzer in Winterthur, Switzerlan: out similar work, has 646 sq. ft., and that Biro and Kurz in Vienna has, on the aver amount per I00 tons. Ty} [he writer divides foundries into four cl subdividing these classes, and obtain given in the accompanying table per metr of yearly output. nany plants whert They are based on the where operation goes or almost every part fills its and which are either m according to experience gained yse adequately, rebuilt of Yearly Output American Blower Company’s Sales Convention Che branch office managers and selling engin \merican Blower Company met for their annu n at the Hotel Pontchartrain, Detroit, Janu and 25. Enthusiasm with regard to the busin past year as well as prospects for the future w through: Questions relat administration, work ment and production were discussed at consider That the company is well known in its h shown by a recent incident. A manufacturer had occasion to inquire into the matter of ex He remembered that there was a manufactu! machines in Detroit, but did not recall the n uently addressed his letter, “Manufacturers for Planing Mills, Detroit, Mich.,” which promptly delivered at the office of the Americ Company. ut all of the sessions gineering, salesmanship, ; , 1913 THE IRON AGE 425 eyized Armor Plate Royalty nly entit ntract to a disclosu [he Government Must Pay Royalty the practical application of the patent, and was at liberty the Harvey Steel Company se the process, little or much, in whole or in part me Court OF tie Uilited States bas afiemed 2 Tt lin, te ob » Court of Claims which allowed a judgment oo oy, replies vomagrer , Bens ited States to the Harvey Steel Company for a vec ame S, Ice 7 his was the amount of royalty found to be 47... 4 s vey Steel Company under a contract dated a a ee 2 < . pay royalty on all armor plate treated by =. ..... ae ae oa ae ‘ess and used by the United States. Th ; ae oa ee er which the royalty in question was al ; a : a — factured for the United States under four S : , Midvale Steel Company. The Court of ‘ the Midvale Steel Company for the pr S ed os ni . a rests under the contracts to intervene mit | llowing are excerpts from the decision 7 a ; described in the patent for ‘producing te : ae hardened tenacious armor plate’ consisted in > steel plate between a mass of noncarbon- o ne side and a mass of granular carl > 16 packed n nt formed ' etc The ‘ Harv yr plate to pr yu ssive heat W , reat n t S03 facturit t The Philadelphia Foundrymen’s Association e 1904 no sand ‘ sed by the (¢ eg Beth! ‘ent ‘ ‘ uring armor plate ' . The Midvale Steel Company’s Process coo , me : ess the Midvale Steel Compan W_Rand C sae Vale Claw anal’ e and production of armor plate was i ( | to be Ar nized was unt Ta te é | ut 18 in. hig esting on the car ¢ its January meeting at . : t t. apart. A row of bricks, two high 5 lant ‘ t ‘ 5 Ss an 1 1 7 f these bricks on the face the plat ne h pneumat ne } i . r . rt : in, above the bricks. Mortar was edged up fists. sand blast apparatus. et were take tail } } L ‘ 21) ,eP coc | i. vel nl ; "! ” +1 ; 1 DICKS Then the second plate was placed is well as illustrated num lar . a terial. face dor The plates wer al “ neg mate al, Tace down ne piates were At th ir neetitr f the FeEHCiA +] | ‘ » Ban ghastad ™,. heal EF ' ry. *4 4 irnace and the fire started. The br I. W. Paxsor ipanv, Philadel; A irbonaceous material prevented it fron n “Sand Blast and nd Blast A 1 sides of the plates, thus accomplis! t as with the sand which was used to pr plate from the carbonaceous material he Sim mpal is aforesa The contention of the a heaters. ha mmenced the ere , nev } rancl + + 1cé was t tated +} 200 ft “ . ‘ ‘ ‘ . — 1 its nion of the cit g the Nick R The company expects t 1 S Sn of . ae te ‘ 5 at e lary ’ and will the t ree ! $ f 1a > 7 moves nt ‘ juarte ‘ ‘ : aie a " ' so used it facture its ow | shells s. whicl H ‘ made ‘ ; Ae 4 ame tin r g the ma tact wat i l States ig 1 ' ipartment hous n t ! Harvey intia ' nstallations th moony are t 1 ; t it 1S¢ at ist say : ; r the Frie Railroad Con ' lara: es 4 mn accom : : , 5 t suit was a I t s I » at m the ’ The Bury Compressor Compar Pa., | ¢ co c | 7 Sose » s_ruelindes amt na rial leeen nstruct riven to th ntract f 1 1000-Tt t driven 3-cylinde!r nd varia né . . ir comoressor to the N ichig: 1 plant f the M -umel us decision, we are of opinion that the = wa r to the Michigan pla : ty ‘t At netalled arn £4 ' th ‘ a ‘ 1 . { mr TT) \ ant : staiieqd 1400 more ' ‘ t rr in deciding as it did that the cir . . we ee 1 plant of the Strong Steel ndry ( ir vas used in the back of the plates in tant 01 . /* taonl ¢ \ [This company is also bu ng a 120 f for ts made by the Government to which refer ; ’ ' : 1 1 a } t | t Pitt Malleabl Tror ' rk Pitt nade al vas also employed in the treat- : . on plate which was the subject of the suit J . x = he = e . ly m ¢ ( bw acter Ia U. S., while in the treatment of the armor , . ; ' sottie Con n this suit neither sand nor any other non : P aterial was packed on the side of the plate not to be carbonized, did not entitle the United The Rock River Machine Company, Jan v laim that the Harvey process of the contract of manufacturer ol punches and shears, has ay nted the t used. As said by the court below, the Gov- Berger & Carter Company, San Francisco, its sp repre ived all it had bargained for, since it was n sentative Mechanica) and Civili Engineers, © mn errwonnm ry . , PITVrs: ALI AAs IA, | 421 ) An Interesting Ash Handling Plant Inclined Skip Hoist Delivering from Boiler House to Elevated Bunker ie e gh tee at act oH — ¥ company { l l rge new plant furnishing ; electri f aq power, tl lat eing locate ; mn the b ley cl e t vaters edu: n ti : 23 aster! e cit { As ( the boté ( the steep bank below , the r | el, the tracks n W ( tn ish cal rur s are ab 1 > It lov he iit ( tra ngly it was necessat I ndl | ) | ele Vale thie is} . a ] ( la iB leve ent hight to be dump nt t th : eve ibout 200 ft. inshore fr For ? tl u automatic counte lat skip hoist 24 n big is desig ( ( ( () Bartlett & Snow Company, Cleveland, this hoist having sufcient capacity to handle several hundred tons of ash lay ; \shes are taken from hoppers underneath the furnaces the boilers by electrically-operated side-dumping as ars. From these cars they are dumped directl chutes into the skip of the skip hoist. This ped with two skip cars each having a acity of about 20 .7 cu. ft., the cars being operated in electric hoisting mechanism controlled by a limit s perated by a push button. The arrangement is such that a car when loaded is raised up an incline at the speed of 200 ft. per : minute and automatically dumped into a bin of the sus pension type. When the car reaches the top of the skiy e it is automatically retarded and stopped at the proper point. While the loaded car is going up the incline the ther car is being lowered to th er house to receive another load, as shown in Fig The top of the receivins : in is approximately so ft. above the railroad track level . 3 so that the t tal elevation of the ashes required is about % 125 ft. The inclined railway is of the lattice girder typ: , Che automatic dumping rails at the head of the inclin i f heavy construction carried on a large { yhrag ya The suspension type bin illustrated in Fig. 2 is con : i structed of parabolic bars lined with concrete carri on a Ferro-inclave and 5 tes 1 ! estate cages mii: eset ee en wee eT, REDS peer a ( i 2 ‘a, , Ve § . Fig. 1—The Counter Balanced Skipway and Ski; Powerhouse of the Cleveland Electric [lumi by the C. O. Bartlett & Snow Company Ohio, In the Engraving One Skip Up with a Load and the Other Empty Descending THE IRON AGE Februar 1 IL the Skipway and the ( he Ashes Are Dumped End of mncrete hich t The bottom of the bin is equipped witl opened and closed simultaneously ndently by an electric motor. The nozzles gates are fitted with steam coils and jets to prevent tl fre Underneath tl illustration. The bit chutes for dumping the ashes into gondola cars on either track together with its automatic contr the ground ing in cold weather. shown in the ishes from aACKS as provided wit] | + hoisting engine laced in a house on level beside ereby inclosing the principal wearing parts of tl ting mechanism so as to prevent the wearing act the dust from the ashes. The whole constructior equipment is such that the only parts coming 1 with the ashes and subject to corrosion are the skips t selves This protection insures long life for the ment al freedom trom repairs Fitting Ball Bearings ntitled “The Application of Ball B George W. Goodchild bef Engineering Society, ball bearing the inner ring driven tight on the shaft, while the outer Engineering,’ read by f Liverpool pointed out that in fitting a should be push fit in the housing, and should be allowed s play. Before mounting, the bearing should be allows ie in a bath of oil- heated to about 104 deg. F., an driven on the shaft, which should be a shade larget the bore of the bearing, by a few good blows direct the inner ring, carefully avoiding hitting the balls ot rac This is particularly essential if the loads vat iderably, and when the bearing is subject to consta! considerable vibration, such as in crank shafts and mills. It is also necessary for machines running ] speeds, such as electric motors, ventilators, woodw machines, et It is very desirable that the shaft be ground where it is proposed to fit a ball bearing thermore, the inner race should be clamped tightly ypen side, and it is essential that nuts or other parts ng the inner race position should not come int R. Ardelt & Séhne, G.M.B.H., machine manufa and civil engineers, announce that for the sake of s1! has been changed into the Ardeltwerk« to be addressed as heretofore at Eb Germany firm Ltd., Berlin, their pany, near Tofo Iron Mines in Coquimbo, Chile Character and Extent of the Bethlehem Steel Company Deposits and Present Methods of Working and Shipping isition of the Tofo iron mines in Chile by the \ rd to t hos is which : ed steel Company, of which mention was made i nt al t ca ye of January 23, gives interest to an extract t nak e in t t was eI 1 that it was paper by Charles Vattier, delegate fro the nm tne per | t the Ll n the utecr at rnment, presented at the October, 1912, meet t was most al lron and Steel Institute, held at Leeds, Eng er of samples yielded t followi e! Vattier’s paper also gave some account of the’ iron, 83.86 t.; protoxi x the Societé des Hauts Fourneaux Forges et lumina, « r cent silica ; Me nt ibined Chile, which operated a blast furnace at Cor watt 0.99 el c me pped in IQII some 7000 tons t pig iron t traces; manganes« 0.20 nt ohurt 1 ult lhe furnace and connected plant were built 0.05 per cent i nt W iy of $3,000,000 under a guaranty by the Chilean respor t ron, 68.50 per cet r, 0.022 r cent § 5 per cent. interest above operating ex phospl ( e! t ‘ st of pig iron was so great, however, that Che methods rking ‘ operation of the furnace was discontinued ul effect btained from the Tofo mines wned by the n Sweden ai terrace wW 0 h interests which operated the blast furnac« ft. in height which the Bethlehem purchase was made ‘ es of the Tofo ores, as made by Ridley w as high as 68.78 per cent. metallic iron qual to 08 t e t phorus, a trace of sulphur, 0.50 silica, 0.36 lime xtracting a! real na, and 0.57 combined moisture WV 1ote to 3 ist? rtion of Mr. Vattier’s paper relating to the ores vince of Coquimbo, of which the port is Coqu ; les north of Valparaiso aS : os ; ‘ The Iron Mines of Tofo nsporte ' mines, which may be regard th as t f an aerial ind quantity, as among the most portant 11 Nay lor a tance t 4 ! uated in the province Coquimbo, in the Depart nter to the es Serena, about 4 miles to the west of the well ! erage ut halt a tor tere! yper-mining district of Higuera and les to the tween tl ! Grande Bay ] the ickets ¢ , 1 seven years ago the author obtained from le Messrs. Cerda, Vicuna & \ tl le ev : i t { concessions t epresentativ« f the per s rnea I ges eries ( le Cy ( ve vhich sa he present nent solut i ‘ vhole this important ning é iy W ’ ne £ i of these concessions is 215 acres f nis sit nas niy been Dp ed b S e sur A ng of 32 ft. in depth on the ridge and c S t its incontestable sedim ent gi ect c tat n hat t greater é S and at he gen the mines the same ores will be found as at the verial engineers of the ympany referred to en ta rt iscertain the probable cubical capacit tl essels ca iking the density as 4.0 only, the probable apacit ! 69,460,117 tons of ore is art Thus 4&0 tor I »f well over 60,000,000 tons of ore containing ipacity nnect y a > ent. of iron and less than 0.025 ent leng hicl ‘ iy be absolutely assumed \ssuming that th er hour litions of abundance and high percentage cor n case of need 200,000 t it variation in depth, it may be foreseen that Ly ne ' oo meters in depth there will be 35,000,000 tons ent low the 600 line, and thus, taking into further It is believed p ble 100 i n the various other outcrops whi uppear i! all und late I A er installations, to this concession, it would not be an exaggeratior ncrease t x portation A , the existence of at least 145,000,000 tons, art h the author has recorded in other publica- Lot y t societ é \ciéries du Chile are empl not only ‘ nerals consist of oxides of several varieties, sucl metallurgical rks at Corral, 1 wl they ar trans tes, oligists and hematites, with here and there ported in special vessels, but are intended for « rt, and xides, but it is the massive magnetites and th« everal boatloads have been sent alread with excellent similar to those of Brazil which are found in results, to Gr britam al ut 1 I tant r test abundance. The engineers of the company tracts art r s astm mt rt me t le loubt rge number of samples from the surface, from the that the export trade will increase not of vith Euroy ifts and from the cuttings made for the installa- but also with Japan and tl nited Stat t larl aerial ropeway, and along various directions in 915, when the Panat ur wil Vithout t. Samples were also taken from the bowlders lefinitely estimating the t price | that the trewn on the surface. In regard to the latter, the exceptionally favorabl nditior percentages were: Iron, over 68 per cent.; phos- the poimt of view of their ¢ 1 their ibout 0.03 per cent., with hardly any traces of sul- roximit a Pass s¢ ast u at an ‘opper exceedingly low 427 ee ae eer 4 : se ten nls ih A la CaN CRS xc OR FT ER IS ae S| a a ny Ks i ’ : a i en i | i. ; . } { ; 4 a m4 4 t ‘ 428 The American Can Company’s Year An excellent showing is made by the American Can Company in its report for the year ended December 31, 1912. The incon lows with 191! e account for the year compares as fol- ] 1911 Earning ws $7,522,93 $5,416,339 Depreciatio: ; cian sae 500,000 2,500,006 Preferred divider ; sna cee hae 2,370,915 (5) 2,061,665 Improvement is oft patents, etc. 483,88¢ soe eeeses Balance, su eee --» $4,168,131 $854,674 The balar sheet for the close of th years is as issets 1912 1911 Plants. 1: patents, etc........ $70,857,87 $71,235,481 Ne S =e ,019,35 8,907,618 Othe I | eee ns 72,538 337,238 Cas] ; aia 4,148,684 3,539,000 Ac ! s received. ; 3,242,901 3,315,204 Merc ventory Se fe 9,121,70 5,785,218 $98 $93,119,759 1a 1911 ‘ ck $4 ( $41,233,300 Pre stock 41,2 3 41,233,300 A i 2,270,868 1,476,310 D J 824,66¢ 515,416 Contingent 1,057,05 985,695 Surpl 3,8 7,675,738 In his accompanying remarks President F. S. Wheeler says: “The past year showed an improvement both in earn- ings and volume of business. There has been an increas- ing demand for packages, both plain and lithographed, for use in the general lines of trade to hold oils, paints, grease blacking, tobacco, coffee, tea, cereals, syrups, etc., and in the field of chemicals, drugs, talcum powders, etc Your management has been diligent in devising and in- stalling improved methods and equipment, resulting in a generally better quality of product. The growing popu- larity of the sanitary can for food products has made it necessary to provide additional facilities for manufacture and storage and to construct and furnish to customers machines for sealing and closing such cans. To meet these conditions and to provide for growing demands gen- erally, there has been expended during the past year $1,767,022 for new construction, the principal items of which are at Toledo, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Portland, Ore., Brooklyn, Fairport, N. Y., San José, Cal., San Fran- cisco, Indianapolis, Joliet, Maywood, IIl., New Orleans and Niagara Falls, Ont. “The plants have been fully maintained and minor bet- terments and improvements have been charged to operating expense. All merchandise has been valued in the statement at cost, or at market value when less than cost, and all doubtful receivable accounts have been written off. All liabilities, actual or contingent, have been included. The showing thus is conservative. The working capital Decem ber 31 amounted to $13,417,760, an increase of $2,770,065. “In forecasting the coming year, the outlook appears satisfactory and promises returns that will compare favor- ably with the past year. Contracts already made and other business in reasonable prospect justify this expectation The practice of packing commodities in small containers, representing individual units of consumption, is steadily increasing, and new articles are being added to the list This feature, coupled with the steady growth of the country, insures a reliable market for your products. Com- petition is keen and aggressive, but with plants located well geographically, equipped with the most modern machinery (chiefly built in our own shops from designs of our own experts), and with our capable organization of trained men, the company may reasonably rely on a continuance of large and growing business. “The fiber packing department has shown a gratifying growth during the past year, and greater capacity is being provided to care for increased business in sight. Pack- ages of improved quality have been devised, which will enlarge the field previously open to fiber containers. “During the past three or four years most of the time of our chemical laboratory has been devoted to research work in the chemistry of various foods and the chemical changes caused by the processes of preparing them for the market, with special reference to the requirements of con- tainers. This work has been done in co-operation with the THE IRON AGE Februar pure food authorities, the purpose being to confidence of the public in the purity of canne thus to enlarge the market for cans.” January Copper Production and § The largest January production ever known ing off in exports in that month have resu increase in the stock of marketable copper in t of 17,885,750 lb. at the close of the month, a the statement issued by the Copper Producers’ The statement compares as follows with December : K January. Lb Stock of marketable copper of al! kinds on hand at all points in the United States Ot Gret OF the MONS cea cvs ccsacesienar Production of marketable copper in the United States from all domestic and foreign sources in the month.......... 143,479,625 105,312,582 Deliveries of marketable copper in the month: domestic consumption. . Fe 65,210,031 For export eas Sl 60,383°845 71°70 i gs nt kL . 125,593,875 on hand at all points in the United States at close of the mont! 123,198,332 An encouraging feature of the above statement is the enlarged domestic consumption in January, as compared with December. European consumption, accordins advices just received from Henry R. Merton & Co., Lor don, may be expected to improve, as they report, under date of January 25: “The better outlook on the Balkar situation has released a great number of orders which ha been withheld for so long. Copper plates, sheets, wire an other manufactured products were purchased in larg quantities, and there is now once more great activity in < the manufacturing branches of the copper trade.” The Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company’s Year The financial results of the Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company’s operations ended December 31, 1912, have been published. They compare as follows with the two pre ceding years: 1912. 1911. 1910 COME. es outage tus $1,002,260 $772,527 Deduct—Bond interest .. $115,000 $115,000 Dividends, 4% ..... 257,951 257,951 Sinking fund .... 50,000 50,000 Depreciation, &c. .... 236,065 194,788 Total deductions ..... $659,016 $617,739 Undivided profits ........ $343,244 $154,788 The balance sheet compares as follows: Assets. 1912. 1911 Real estate, plant, patents, good-will &c., : ee RR en ec ae ee $7,013,545 $6,978,288 Stock in other companies, &c. (cost).. 1,121,670 1,121,6 BOS ‘CRBE 6 esis diwessiecntsyei 200,000 200,0 STOREY COUR: cicevatsteteeoescstess 37,000 37,0 Cee |. dots nahw dh oa0 a ahs oe eee 121,399 92,38 Accounts and bills receivable less re- serves. ae i ean eae has Kee 1,420,895 1,143,2 ee ar as: a 744,445 682,906 SONSOD: ck aks drascrne seesien : 1,619,418 1,405,138 Total Date coud inane .. $12,278,373 $11,660,598 Liabilities 1912. 1911 Capital stock issued................ $6,485,000 $6,485,81 Bonds issued ceoeseseses eeseveec ee 2,500,000 2,506 00 Interest on bonds....... Canaan 122,512 122,21 Dividend payable Jan. 25.............. { c Accounts, &c., payable ....... sa , 396,624 196,74 De. 4. i cgaekoe xan se kecekxcnees ‘ 12,610 4 Dt SS. ccca vate aece ety be enue allt 10,000 : Sinking fund ‘hewes we ches cwesdeus 744,445 O52 Surplus ; hae Cake RAS NCE SARE 2,007,181 1,¢ Total ‘ ; . $12,278,373 $11,660, Among papers to be presented at the fifteenth annua general meeting of the Canadian Mining Instit Ottawa, March 5-7, are the following: “Recent Metal lurgical Developments,” by Dr. Alfred Stansfield, McGi! University, Montreal; “The Steel Industry of Nova >cot!4 by Thomas Cantley, New Glasgow, N. S.; “The Iron Resources of Quebec,” by Prof. E. Dulieux, Ecole Po!y- technique, Montreal; “The Agglomeration of Iron “res, by N. V. Hansell, New York; “Prospecting the [ro Sands of Natashkwan, Que., with the Empire Drill,” G. C. Mackenzie, Department of Mines, Ottawa. [913 THE — | nt Instead of Fire Clay the Hearth and tosh of Sheridan Blast Furnaces s Use in number of the Bulletin of the nstitute has the \mert following article by S. H ger Berkshire Iron Works, Sheridan, P rnaces at Sheridan, Pa., were built, No in 1872. No.1 furnace is 10 x 15 x 8o ft a charcoal stack, and was the old-style 25 ft. high with a firebrick lining ace with the top on a level with th thereby requiring no hoist. In 1867 a his furnace from the top of the stone total hight of furnace 80 ft. Two 4-in each of the four tuyere arches, the tap notch being in the front arch x 16 x 76 ft. Instead of ular mass of red brick 7 ft hich six tuyere arches were left about igl On the top of this brickwork rests ell. The total hight of furnace is 76 ft. yve the center of tuyeres the bosh lining brick casing, which forms a binder for the walls. There is a space of 2 ft the crucible and the red Che ind with 4%-in. tee-rails, outside of which ught-iron jacket two circular ce 18 IO stone the thick at the 8 ft etween brick The jackets and bands, 2 x 5 1n., each 1n three the ends of each segment of the bands are through which are put 2%-in. bolts. Lead thick are put under the heads and nuts