The Iron Age 1910-04-07: Vol 85 Iss 14

THE IRON AGE‘ New York, Thursday, April 7, 1910. LANSDEN STORAGE BATTERY TRUCKS. Industrial Motor Cars for Short Hauls. Industrial trucks for interworks and factory serv- ice operated by storage batteries may have advantages in some cases over such less flexible transporting sys- tems as industrial railways or conveyors. The Lansden Company, 54-56 Lackawanna avenue, Newark, N. J., has recently made some types of industrial trucks that are being used in connection with the Edison storage battery to excellent advantage. For interior use the company recommends a four-wheel type of truck, springs are also used over the rear axles of the truck. The three-wheel truck can turn in a circle of very small diameter, and the platform is built only 27 in. from the ground, which saves work in loading and un- loading. The hight from the ground of the average electric truck has been one of the principal objections to their use where heavy goods are to be handled on them, whereas flat cars as used on industrial railways can be built very low to the ground. Fig. 1—A Standard Four-Wheel Truck, Built by the Lansden Company, Newark, N. J., Carrying a Load of Tin Plate and Automobile Wheels. which is practically a combination of two of the com- pany’s standard three-wheel trucks, that are adaptable to smaller loads. The standard three-wheel trucks, de- signed for moving materials short distances at low speed and low cost, are operated over all sorts of pavements and floors and can be easily driven by a workman of average intelligence, as the operation is simple and can be readily understood. One of these trucks is shown in Fig. 3 loaded with heavy hardware. The vehicle is operated in a New England plant and has been in use several months without a breakage of any kind. This type has a short wheel base and is designed so that it can be run upon elevators. The three-point base permits it to accommo- date itself to a rough riding surface without unusual strain. A single motor drives a differential counter- shaft by a single chain, and the final drive is by side chains from the ends of the countershaft to the rubber tired driving wheels. The steering wheel has a steel rim without a tire and is mounted together with its coil springs on a pedestal on a turntable forming a steering unit controlled by a hand wheel. Coiled The most recent development in the Lansden cars has been the production of the four-wheel industrial . truck, which is an amplification of a three-wheel truck intended for similar purposes. The four-wheel truck is practically two three-wheel trucks placed back to back at what would ordinarily be the driving-wheel ends of the two trucks. The joint is made flexible, allowing the center of the platform to rise and fall so that when the wheels strike depressions in the road surface there is no strain on the load platform. The steering wheels of the four-wheel truck are cross con- nected underneath by rods and chains, as shown in the accompanying top view of the standard truck, Fig. 2, and they work in unison, turning in opposite direction to equal angles. This makes it possible to control the truck from either end, and it will turn nearly in its own length. The four-wheel trucks are 6 ft. 4 in. wide and 14 ft. long, while the three-wheel truck is 4 ft. wide and Io ft. long. The standard four-wheel trucks will carry a 4000-Ib. load at a speed of 4% miles per hour, and the battery charge will lasts 18 miles of running. The car can be equipped with extra battery EE ERR SR ee, : : 7 2S ET Rs tenemer ene ae ERA I ETNIES HE ITI HR eeIecmaemr oe anne omer SR ae anaes u Dear GEA SSMR ee ees SS ae 788 THE IRON AGE April 7, 1910 Fig. 2.—Top View of a Standard Four-Wheel Truck, wit’ Platform Removed. capacity to run 24 miles. The cost of current for operating the truck averages about 50 cents a day on a standard truck. A four-wheel ma- chine is shown in Fig. I, carrying a load of tin plates and auto- mobile wheels from the railroad freight yards to the Lansden Company’s plant in Newark. This ma- chine can be run di- rectly into the build- ing and unloaded by a crane. Another type of four-wheel truck which is of spe- cial design is made by the company to be used where there is an objection to the use of the metal-rim wheel, or where long outside runs would make an all- rubber tired machine more desirable. One of these machines now in use at the Yonkers, N. Y., works of the Otis Elevator Company, is shown in Fig. 4. This Fig. 4.—A Special Four-Wheel Truck in Use at the Otis Blevator Works, Yonkers, N. Y. The Load Is 7850 Lb. Fig. 3.—A Three-Wheel Truck Loaded with Heavy Hardware. This Truck Has Been in Cperation in a New England Plant for Several Months Without any Breakdowns. machine is carrying a load of 7580 Ib. and is capable of carrying an 8ooo-lb. load. It is built the same size as the three-wheel truck but is especially strong. The steering arrangement is in a measure similar to that of the three-wheel truck, except that the entire front axle turns. The machine is built for special cartage purposes, and is used to carry elevator machines and parts from the upper floors of the factory building to the street and deliver them to the railroad freight house two blocks away. The truck can be run from the ele- vator in the building to the various floors to be loaded with the different parts of an elevator which is to be shipped complete, and its use in this plant saves a great deal of freight handling. ee The Ohio Welding & Mfg. Company, 828-830 West Sixth street, Cincinnati, Ohio, has arranged to act as dealer for the Davis-Bournonville Company, New York. The new company has installed a large de- monstrating plant, including not only the welding equipment, but also an oxygen plant, and will take in all classes of repair work to which the oxy-acetylene process can be applied. This will include broken or cracked parts in cast iron, steel, aluminum, brass, cop- per, German silver, platinum, malleable iron, &c. Furthermore, parts cut too short can be lengthened and parts worn beyond use can have metal added and dressed down. The Ohio company will also shortly open a demonstrating and repair shop in Cleveland, Ohio, at 2121 East Second street, Southeast. April 7, 1910 THE The Economic Woodworker. Combines a Variety of Functions. This machine, which is made by Loveland & Mona- han, 527 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, IIl., and shown in the accompanying illustration, is in reality a complete equipment of heavy woodworking machinery. It consists of the following distinct machines combined in one unit: Variety saw table, jointer, shaper or edge molder, boring and mortising machine and router, while if desired by the use of extra attachments it may be converted into a disk sander and emery grinder. The machiné is of particular interest to contractors and builders, carpenter shops, wagon, automobile and black- smith shops, sash and door factories and to other wood- workers. It is also particularly adaptable for use as an auxiliary machine in general factory work, and for builders it is mounted on a suitable truck so that it may be moved from job to job as occasion may require. The New Economie Woodworker, Built by Loveland & Monahan, Chicago, III. The particular advantages claimed for the machine are its strength of construction, elimination of changes when passing from one class of work to another, ability to do heavy work and to rip and joint in practically the same operation. The frame is of iron of I-beam and channel design and is strong, rigid and symmetrical. All the parts are securely fastened, and it is claimed that there is abso- lutely no vibration. The countershaft is self-contained and is located at such a distance from the driven pul- leys as to secure the proper amount of tension for the belt. The shaft is equipped with tight and loose pul- leys and apparatus for shifting the belt. The three spindles are of carefully turned and ground high grade crucible steel and run in long self-oiling bearings lined with babbitt. The saw table measures 36 x 48 in., and is of iron braced with ribs and machined for accurate work. The adjustment is by the hand screw shown in front of the machine, and the table can be clamped in any desired position. Two cross cutting and one ripping gauge are furnished so that the machine may be used for either kind of sawing. The latter is of the manufacturer’s latest improved design and can be adjusted to any angle for beveling. Any diameter of saw up to 24 in. can be used, and the slot is of sufficient width to allow the use of a dado or grooving head. The table can, therefore, it is stated, be used satisfactorily for a num- ber of operations besides sawing. IRON G AGE 789 The shaper and router is of the customary single spindle type, and the spindle runs in extra long bab- bitt lined boxes and is securely supported at the bot- tom. The yoke is heavy and stiff enough to hold the spindle perfectly true regardless of the hight to which it may be raised. The spindle and its support are raised and lowered in a dovetailed slide by a hand screw. When not in use the spindle can be sunk below the table and a circular plate fitted into the aperture, thus making a perfectly flat table top. A complete set of collars is provided for each shaper. The router bit fits into a hole on top of the shaper spindle and will do very heavy work. Molding, tongueing, grooving, match- ing, beading and shaping irregular work with and against the grain can all be done by this shaper, and if desired an additional head for sash sticking can be furnished. The jointer is furnished in two sizes, the table being 60 in. long and either 6 or 14 in. wide. This great length and a secure method of fastening through- out, it is stated, elim- inates any vibration. The cutter head is forged from crusible steel and is slotted on four sides. The joint- er is equipped with an improved tilting fence, which can be set at any necessary angle for beveling, and in addi- tion it may be used for any kind of straight planing, squaring up, taking out of wind, cornering, rabbeting and making accurate glue joints. The ta- bles of both sizes are adjustable for hight and also for wear. The boring and mor- tising machine is of the horizontal type, and is capable of ad- justment both horizon- tally and _ vertically. Any size of bit desired may be used, and they fit into the end of the saw mandrel. The following table gives the dimensions and speci- fications of the machine: es er NONI ciara sa dd dale ee he Gee eae 36 x 48 Size of saw mandrel and shaper spindle, inches.......... 1 7-16 Size of jointer table, inches................ 14 x 60 and 6 x 60 Size of boring machine table, inches...............+.. 18x10 Speed of countershaft, revolutions per minute.......... 900 Diameter tight and loose pulleys, inches............... 8 Power Gh CpUEROE, DOTHODOWET . ok cc ccccccccesscesenves 4to5 Sy et OR IOI, oo 6.5 che cet ees sbavieenn’ 60 x 96 Fee WI IG hd ddn5 04 6 seen devantas,<aueu ena 1,500 I SE, Se So ios odcd oak och nnetsricced 1,800 The standard equipment furnished for this machine is One rip saw, one crosscut saw, one set of jointer knives, one set of shaper knives, three boring bits and the necessary belting. a The Brown Instrument Company, successor to Edward Brown & Son, 311 Walnut street, Philadelphia, Pa., manufacturers of the Brown pyrometers and revo- lution recorders, announces the change in its name to the Brown Instrument Company. The officials of the company are exactly the same as the members of the firm of Edward Brown & Son. The new company an- nounces the opening of an office in the Oliver Building, Pittsburgh, Pa., in charge of W. H. Gibb. The large amount of business being done in Brown instruments in the Pittsburgh district has necessitated this step. 790 THE IRON AGE April 7, 1910 THE SHRINKAGE OF METALS AND ALLOYS. An Ingenious Method of Accurate Measurement—Tabulated Results With Various Non-Ferrous Groups. A recent issue of Metdlergie was practically taken up with a long article by Prof. F. Wuest on the “ Shrinkage of Metals and Alloys.” The metals and alloys treated of are all non-ferrous and the results are of great importance to all workers in such metals and alloys. The first thing to be done was to devise a suitable apparatus to show the very small changes in length tak- ing place in cooling a cast bar, and at the same time give accurately the temperature of the metal under examination. A very ingenious apparatus was pre- pzred, which is fully described with drawings. Only the barest outline can be given here. Placed at each end of the mold, so that they become fastened in the ends of the round cast bars, are two wires with cork- screw like ends. The extreme length of the bar is 21.65 in. and of the part between the wires 19.68 in. The other ends of the wires are connected by means of binding screws of hard rubber with two piston rods. The small pistons operate in cylinders, the open ends of which are connected by means of a capillary tube containing water. One part of this tube is carefully graduated, and any movement on the part of the pistons is instantly recorded. A thermo-couple suit- ably protected is placed in the exact center of the mold; by means of a chronographic recorder the time, tem- perature and contraction or expansion are obtained. Altogether 39 metals and alloys were worked with, comprising lead, tin, zinc, aluminum, copper, bismuth, antimony and various alloys. The alloys were lead- tin, lead-antimony, tin-zinc, copper-zinc, copper-tin, copper-nickel-zinc and various commercial alloys such as white metals, Britannia metal, brass, bronze, and lastly an alloy with lead, bismuth and tin. Analyses of Metals and the Results, The results obtained with the metals may be classed together. With the exception of copper they all show the same type of curves. Contraction begins soon after the metal has started to freeze, proceeds partly during the freezing period, and then slowly and continuously until the metal is solid. In the case of copper there is a slight and uncertain expansion, while the metal is freezing, due to the disengagement of gases at the time of solidification. In Table I are given the analyses of the materials and in Table II the results: Table 1. Zn. Analyses. Metal. Pb. Fe. Al. Cu. Bi. Sb. on eae ee Tin (banca)... 100 Tin Aluminum. ... Copper Bismuth.. .0.12 Antimony O28 GO16G ..s. 0.35 99.16 ° > ws Ses 99.80 0.34 1.30 oe cha ace 0.56 Table IIl.—Results. 97.90 Shrinkage during Total freezing. shrinkage. Percent. Per cent. 0.065 0.82 0.085 0.83 0.08 1.40 0.08 1.40 Casting temperature. Deg. C. Freezing point. Deg. C. 326 326 416 416 Metal Zine gave very erratic results for which no explanation can be found. Alloys Chiefly Lead, Tin and Zinc, In the next group may be placed the alloys of lead and tin, lead-antimony, tin-zinc, and zinc-tin with copper and jead. Their anaylses are given in Table III and the results in Table IV. Table II1.—Analyses. ' Sn. Zn. Sb. 18.27 70.01 80.99 Pb. 80.82 29.10 18.39 $0.61 85.26 Cu. 19.20 ces 14.68 49.04 14.52 4.81 50.83 85.40 95.15 14.48 79.44 45.84 51.22 Table IV.—Results. First stopping point. Deg. C. 251 4.35 1.90 Total shrinkage. Per cent. 0.56 0.44 0.50 0.54 0.56 0.50 0.46 pas 0.49 500 379 374 1.02 550 340 334 0.73 According to Kupffer the eutectic of the lead-tin alloys contains 37 per cent. lead and solidifies at 180 deg. C. The results of this work show that the nearer the alloy is in composition to the eutectic the less its shrinkage. With tin and zinc the eutectic contains 8 per cent. zinc and melts at 204 deg. C., according to Rudberg. Here again the alloy nearest to eutectic ratio has the smallest shrinkage. The last two alloys represent commercial practice. The shrinkage began shortly after the beginning of solidification and the curve was similar to that of the tin zinc alloys. In all these cases the total shrinkage was less than that of the component metals. Alloys Chiefly Copper and Zinc, In the next group may be placed the copper-zinc alloys, the copper-tin alloys and the copper-nickel-zinc alloys. Here is seen a totally different type of curve, for the alloys expand after the beginning of solidifi- cation, the expansion rising to a maximum and then the alloys shiinking. The analyses are given in Table V and the results in Table VI: Table V.—Analyses. Sn. Zn. Ni. 16.24 32.90 36.24 35.25 Second point. (Eutectic). Casting temperature. Deg. C. 650 550 550 650 500 550 500 500 174 180 239 232 200 195 190 No. Cu. 17 83.45 18 66.60 63.10 20 63.93 94.76 $9.65 23 80.66 61.57 56.20 51.40 46.10 Tombac yellow Tombac yellow Brass Brass Bronze Bronze 5.08 10.23 19.08 eeee 16.10 20.40 22.16 23.36 22.30 26.22 cus 18.00 35.80 Table VI.—Results. German silver German silver German silver German silver Zinc Tin Tin Aluminum Aluminum Copper Bismuth Antimony Antimony Antimony Antimony The results with the tin show the eff amount of impurity. 416 225 225 683 685 1,060 261 621 621 621 621 0.08 0.1 to 0.15 0.1 to 0.15 Expansion 1.40 0.44 0.55 1.78 1.78 1.42 0.29 0.29 0.65 0.29 0.66 ect of a small The aluminum showed a very small shrinkage during the freezing. The antimony First point. Deg. C. 993 902 880 §81 1,035 996 Temperature. Deg. C. 1,000 to 1,050 950 950 900 to 1,000 1,050 995 to 1,150 900 1,100 1,065 to 1,090 1,100 to 1,150 1,170 to 1,200 1,020 1,060 1,087 1,085 Begin- ning ex- Per ct. Second pansion. ex- point. Deg. C. pansion. 1,000 904 935 990 1,032 980 835 1,068 1,049 1,080 1,090 0.3 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.033 0.085 0.122 0.045 0.039 0.027 0.032 Begin- ning Perct. shrink- shrink- age. age. 973 2.17 870 1.97 879 1.99 879 1.90 786 861.66 706 1.44 752 1.52 917 2.025 924 2.05 949 2.03 1,010 1.935 April 7, 1910 These alloys, as opposed to the first group, con- sist of solid solutions instead of separate metals and eutectics. The solidification covers a more or less wide range of temperature. The expansion begins at the moment solidification begins, and as a rule the metal begins to shrink when solidification is complete. They show more shrinkage than do the component metals. The White Metals. In the néxt group may be placed the white metals. The shrinkage curves show that it takes place in two phases, the transition from one to the other being abrupt. No expansion is noticed when freezing. In Table VII are given the anlyses and in Table VIII the results: Table VII.—Analyses. No. Sn. Pb. Sb. Cu. & veae 78.89 12.5 8.45 35 19.80 58.84 21.4 can 36 85.42 9.45 5.10 White metal 27 90.20 gmat 8.01 1.85 Britannia metal 38 70.83 9.21 15.1 4.94 Britannia metal Lable VIII.—Results. First Casting stopping Second Beginning of temperature. point. point. shrinkage. Per cent. No. Deg. C. Deg. C. Deg. C. Deg. C. shrinkage. 34 600 to 650 250 230 266 0.55 35 600 263 238 247 0.49 36 500 to 550 225 ane 225 0.51 37 600 to 700 228 oie 226 0.55 38 550 to 600 259 187 228 0.42 Copper-Tin-Zine Alloys, Next come an important group of alloys of copper- tin-zinc with some lead, the last two corresponding to commercial gun-metal. The analyses and results are shown in the following tables. The cooling curves all show four arrests in the curves; and the shrinkage curves show first an expansion and then contraction. Table 1X.—Analyses. No. Cu. Sn. Zn. Pb. 28 87.10 2.68 8.05 228 29 81.06 17.50 1.53 whe 30 $8.75 9.65 1.6 Si. 31 86.65 9.84 2.0 1.44 Table X.— Results, ‘ a8 we S$ we & we ss . . P S2 + &x ce = 25, TH + a+ E aa = EGe a of 8S Pe ES aa €2 ge 8 ¢ 8834 E£a 8 38 88 BS 53 Be sd Z © - 2 so f& m a, m -¥ 28 1,000 992 895 825 685 973 0.025 840 1.76 29 950t01,000 873 775 737 603 854 0.024 756 1.50 30 950t01,020 977 990 824 745 955 0.058 726 1.47 31 1,000 965 840 778 748 944 0.075 750 1.47 In these cases also the shrinkage is higher than that of the component metals. A most peculiar result was obtained with an alloy containing 32.47 per cent. lead, 49.88 per cent. bismuth and 17.38 per cent. tin. It began solidifying at 74 deg. C., and gave a shrinkage of 0.15 per cent., but then began expanding and finished larget than the pattern. Gq B. W. —_—___-+-e_____ The Anderson Pressure Reducing and Quick Opening Valve. For use in situations where it is desirable or neces- sary to maintain a constant reduced pressure in water mains or to reduce a high pressure to a lower one for domestic distribution, the Golden-Anderson Valve Spe- cialty Company, Fulton Building, Pittsburgh, Pa., has recently brought out a new valve. In addition to re- ducing the water pressure to any predetermined amount, the valve is fitted with an electrically operated attachment for quickly opening the passage between the inlet and outlet passages whenever the full pres- sure is desired for fire fighting or other purposes. The accompanying engraving is a sectional view of the valve in its closed position. The spring b con- trols the action of the valve, and by turning the bronze THE IRON AGE 791 sleeve a, in which it is inclosed, is adjusted to any of the pressures sanctioned by good practice. The pres- sure of this spring bears down on the diaphragm c, which controls the movement of the auxiliary valve d and unseats the latter. The water is admitted at the inlet port e and passes out at a reduced pressure through the outlet f. As it flows through the valve the water fills the inlet chamber and exerts pressure upon the upper and lower valves i and j and the large piston k. The pressure is also transmitted to the cham- ber / through the port g, and as the auxiliary valve d is held open by the pressure of the spring above it, the water flows on toward the low pressure outlet through the passage m. As soon as the pressure on the low pressure side of the valve exceeds that for which the eens The Anderson Cushioned Water Pressure Reducing and Quick Opening Electrically Operated Valve, Manufactured by the Golden-Anderson Valve Specialty Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. spring b is set, this excess forces the diaphragm c upward, thereby compressing the spring and permit- ting the valve d to close. The main valves i and j are forced against their seats by the pressure above them and shut the water off from the system connected with the valve. The pistons o and k operate in dash- pots, which produce the cushioning effect common to all the valves made by this company and prevent chat- tering. The quick opening attachment consists of a solenoid, p, which controls the small auxiliary valve r. The solenoid is connected to the switchboard at the pump- ing station or fire headquarters, and in case of fire or any emergency requiring the full pressure of the sys- tem, the circuit controlling the solenoid is closed. This energizes the solenoid and causes the valve r to open and exhaust the water from above the large piston k. This removal of pressure allows the main valves i and j to open instantly to their full area. When the higher pressure is no longer required the switch is opened and the auxiliary valve instantly closes and the main valves return to their pressure regulating position. To guard against any back flow of water through the port m a ball check, x, is employed to cover the port. 792 THE IRON AGE April 7, 1910 The Improved Hamilton-Corliss Mill Engine. The First Engine with the New Type of Valve Gear—tnstalled for the Carnegie Steel Com- pany. An improved valve mechanism has been developed by the Hooven, Qwens, Rentschler Company, Hamil- ton, Ohio, and the first mill engine to be equipped with it has been installed in the Clairton Works of the Carnegie Steel Company, at Clairton, Pa. This is a 42 and 78 x 60 in. engine and is located in the engine room adjoining the mill building. It drives through direct connection the new 22-in. mill which started rolling beams on January 26 last. The engine is a tandem compound condensing Hamilton-Corliss engine of extremely heavy and massive design and weighs approximately 400 tons. At 85 rev. per min. and with steam at a pressure of 150 Ib. its rated capacity is 4000 hp. Its maximum capacity is 6500 hp. The bed plate is made in one piece and weighs about 80 tons and the flywheel is 20 ft. in diameter and weighs go tons. The tendency toward high rotary speeds in rolling mill practice demands of the engine builder the best he can offer in design and material, the frequent vio- lent changes of load from practically nothing to 50 or even 100 per cent. overload being a severe tax. Any failure on the part of the engine which may cause a temporary shutdown means such a pecuniary loss thai the mill engineer demands an amount of material per horsepower which is unknown in any other class of work. A cross sectional view of the engine is given in Fig. 1. From this it may be seen that the main bear- ing cap projects over the jaws of the bearings and forms a massive tie piece. Under the main bearing, which is 28 x 52 in., the bed is carried down into the foundation and is reinforced by two 5-in. bolts shrunk into position when hot. The walls of the bed transmit- ting the forces from the cylinder to the crank shaft are straight, without breaks or offsets, and are sub- jected to tensile and compression stresses only. The connecting rod is of the solid end type for both the crank and crosshead pins and the boxes are steel cast- ings lined with babbitt. The crosshead is a steel cast- ing of the box type and has adjustable babbitt lined slippers, which slide in bored guides. The low pres- sure piston rod is a hollow open hearth steel forging and is carried on the main and intermediate cross- heads. The low pressure piston is of the floating conical type and has one packing ring and follower. The low pressure cylinder is a single casting, with double ports in the steam and exhaust passages. The distance piece is so designed that it can be easily removed to allow access to the low pressure cylinder. It is fastened to the cylinder heads with through bolts and is sup- ported on the sole plate at its center. Each cylinder is supported on a massive sole plate which extends under the bed plate and is securely keyed in place. A tongue fits into a groove in the sole plate, which is of assist- ance in replacing the cylinder should it become neces- sary to remove it at any time, so that there is no chance of its being out of line when replaced. The foundation bolts are close together and are carried through the full hight of the bed plate, adding materially to the rigidity of the frame. Fig. 2 is a view of the engine as installed at Clair- ton and Fig. 3 is a detail of the patented gravity valve gear, which is of the releasing type, without springs, and is claimed to be noiseless in its action. It has an extremely long range cut-off and positive re- lease. The steam valves are driven directly without rocker plates. The exhaust valves are driven through ae LLL aa Lr st - Vdd S s &. 8 ° o & ZL £ be o & - s ov L a oe am 3 2 a me 3 > S 5 = _ 5 v a = & + & be & _ nm a e 2 ~ rm ° = g x _— qi = ° © x ra t= s S 3 o =~ Gv a ~ _ 5 8 = > 2 & = S s -_ Y 2 2 Fig. 1. April 7, 1910 Fig. 2.-— Fig. 3.—View of the Engine from the Cylinder End. rocker plates on the side of the cylinders. The dash pots are mounted on brackets bolted to the side of the cylinder and are of a new improved type particularly adapted to this class of work. The following are the principal dimensions of the engine: High pressure cylinder, inches.............cecccecees 42 Low pressure cylinder, WiCheG. 05... csccscccensccvecese 78 SULONG, SG beniseu hae tale dns ied ana eek wena k © ae Aoi 60 SPOO, PVORIIONN DOP MINION ss kd ivce rans ncsaeetaen 85 StOkal SUNT: BIOUON ies cs wakes box oew peste peavbls 150 ELOngeeepel <TRRORON aiess vk. sib siace a tos d Bealare ee 4,000 RI OLSEN SIN oss 5s a Bnei k RN chit ibe nk yee 6,500 Wheel Gens NEE oii a < «6.4 s0dtee bie Manca wa dees 20 Whol shel: GUN Ss Soi vide Macks eee eee 180,000 Main Dep: SGN. 0 icc c Sid us cannes i wei ks he's 28 x 52 lotal: weit Gl Gy WOES iin ods dio cay c.tdaadnawee we 400 The bearings of the engine are lubricated by forced gravity feed; the oil is supplied through a Bonar auto- matic filtering and oiling system. THE IRON AGE 793 View of the Engine frem the Flywheel End. The Western Steel Cor- poration. At the annual meeting of the Western Steel Corpora- tion held at Seattle, Wash., March 22, the president, James A. Moore, said that the completion of the steel plant at Irondale had been delayed by causes beyond the com- pany’s control, chiefly by be- lated deliveries of equipment furnished by Eastern com- panies. It was expected, how- ever, that steel would be made by early May. The develop- ment of the coal properties on Graham Island would be pro- ceeded with, it was stated, at an early date. The election of directors resulted in the choice of the following: James A. Moore, president Moran Company, Seattle; Herbert E. Law, San Francisco ; Jacob Furth, presi- dent Seattle Electric Com- pany, Seattle; Robert Dollar, president Robert Dollar Steamship Company, San Francisco; J. E. Chilberg, president Scandinavian Amer- ican Bank, Seattle; Alex Henderson, Governor of Yukon territory, Dawson; S. A. Perkins, pro- prietor Ledger and News, Tacoma; G. Henry Whit- comb, Worcester, Mass.; John C. Eden, president Portland Superior Cement Company, Seattle; E. P. Jamison, president E. P. Jamison Company, Seattle; N. W. Jordan, chairman American Trust Company, Boston; W. H. Armstrong, president Armstrong, Mor- rison & Co., Vancouver; S. G. Faulkner, president British Canadian Wood, Pulp & Paper Company, Van- couver; Robert Kelly, president Kelly, Douglas & Co., Vancouver; R. P. McLennan, president McLennan, McFeely & Co., Vancouver, and E. H. Heaps, lumber manufacturer, Vancouver. At the directors’ meeting the following officers were elected: President, James A. Moore; first vice-president, Herbert E. Law; sec- ond vice-president, Jacob Furth; third vice-president, 794 Robert Dollar; treasurer, John Schram; secretary, David Whitcomb; executive committee, Messrs. Law, Armstrong, Jamison, Eden and Perkins, with Presi- dent Moore as chairman. —_+-+e—____—_ The Value of Trade Papers. How to Derive Benefit from Them. BY ONE WHO READS THEM. I often wonder what subscribers and others who receive various trade publications do with them. I know of some who “ get them,” look them over care- lessly and throw them aside; their disposition, mental and other needs, possibly their capacity for acquire- ment of features of value, not being sufficiently pro- nounced to force them to a realization of the wonder- ful worth to-day incorporated in these publications— and in this I do not mean wholly to indicate the read- ing matter or editorial columns, for, from my point of view, there is not a single column in a trade paper of the present time that is uninteresting. It is astonishing when we consider the value given to the assembled sheets of paper. How we must praise the modern progress made in the art of printing and illustrating! How few understand, when they sub- scribe for the average trade paper and pay the price asked for the regular sending of the publication, that their subscription, instead of meaning a profit to the publisher, actually means that the publisher is to lose money in supplying it, for the service given by the leading trade papers now costs more than the return as represented by the price of the subscription. Thus the subscriber gets, something, yes, much, for nothing, but still the publisher willingly bears his loss, as he needs readers to give value to the advertising columns. In other words, circulation counts, and it counts for a very great deal from the publisher's standpoint, even though the advertisers should always reserve the right, and persist in it, to criticise the quantity in a demand for quality. Quantity without quality will bring disap- pointment. That, however, is another story. The Careless Reader the;Greatest Loser, A subscriber who receives his paper, carelessly glances over it as he applies thumb pressure to shoot the leaves along, stopping only to casually and quickly read a paragraph, a note here and there, does not do himself or the publisher justice. He will be the great- est loser. The publisher will get just as much money from him, but he will fail in acquiring the exceedingly valuable fund of information the publication brings to him. And the more of this information he gleans the higher and better will be his appreciation of the pub- lication. The faithful, energetic editors work hard te have the pages up to date in the data they carry. Type forms and illustrations are carefully studied in order that the appearance may be of the best, each thoughtful attention in this direction being intended to hold in- terest on the part of the reader. Many fields have been searched for the actual news and scientific information placed before the subscriber by the editors, who are very materially helped on the larger number of pages by the men who write and plan the advertisements. The subscriber who looks upon the advertising pages of trade publications of to-day as tales of pur- chased space makes a very serious mistake. These ad- vertisements are developed by able minds in every part of the country, each one of which seeks to educate the subscribers of the trade publication to the latest and best practice in a particular line. Publishers of trade papers have high morals; they scan every bit of copy that comes to their office, determined that their read- ers shall be protected from advertisements that make false claims. Occasionally a fake assertion that has a THE IRON AGE April 7, 1910 new feature may creep in unknowingly, but as soon as the deceit is made apparent the columns of honest pa- pers are forever closed to that business. And the aver- age reader does not know how many advertising men there are who are cautioned not to call-on this or that concern whose business by the publisher is deemed undesirable. Handling Trade Papers Methodically,. Let me advocate a higher. appreciation of the trade paper. Let me tell of one progressive company and its realization of the importance of thoroughly reading what the editors and others have to say in these fac- tors of this modern industrial growth. The company to which I refer receives a very large number of trade and technical papers, but it makes easy the reading, handling and disposition of them. They are all first handled and opened by the one who distributes them to the department or employee most vitally interested in the various publications. For instance, an engineer- ing publication first goes to the company engineer; a paper that has to do with power is sent to the mechan- ical department, as are also machinery papers; the elec- trical papers go to the electrical engineers, except pa- pers that carry patent references, which first go to one who scans the patent report to see if any of the late issues have to do with fields in which the company op- erates, and if so, this department immediately sends for these patents of interest; papers that are asso- ciated with the chemical, electrochemical, electrometal- lurgical field all have their readers; automobile publi- cations go to various departments, as do those devoted to military affairs, while the same may be said of ma- rine, paint, power boat and similar fields; The Jron Age and other publications go regularly to individual readers. It is well understood among the employees of this company that they are, in a certain sense, re- sponsible for reading these publications and getting from them everything of present or future interest to the company’s affairs. Articles of interest are ab- stracted, and cards in the following form are made out for filing in a well planned system: All such cards are sent to the stenographic depart- ment and filed. Subjects having any relation to the field in which the company sells its products, or to the use and application of its products, are most carefully covered, so that, for instance, should the company at any time desire information on any of the many sub- jects it would only be necessary to call for the cards on file and direct that the publications containing the arti- cles or references listed be brought up from the base- ment for review. To facilitate this review, it may be stated that all the trade papers received in the English language as well as foreign languages are most care- fully preserved by means of a filing system, to which a goodly space has been given in a spacious basement, the plan being to bundle each year of the various pub- lications by themselves. Clipping of the publications is prohibited. In order to have the publications distributed and pass from department to department, so that all may see them, discover new features or absorb the informa- tion of articles marked, each publication is first stamped with the initials of the several readers who April 7, 1910 are to see them in the course of their transit through office and works, the stamp used being something like this: A list of publications received and the readers assigned is in possession of each department, so that the course to be fol- lowed in sending a pub- lication forward is so well known that it soon be- comes a matter of form, each reader checking on the dotted line following his initials. The sales de- partment, the financial department, the chemists, the superintendent, the engineer, the electrical engineers, the executive department and others are all alert to new things, and it may be guessed that a fund of informa- tion is gathered. Then, too, it makes possible the reading up on things in which to-day a company seem- ingly has little interest, but which is conceived to pos- sess future features of possible value. Every Item Preserved. By this system, every item printed in the publica- tions read is preserved, so that when the day comes when the concern wants information on the subject it will only have to turn to its filing system to review all that has been printed. This is a factor of wonderful value, it is believed, as it makes possible a general oversight aided by the many bright minds that write for the publications. It will thus give life to the writ- ings of many editors long after they may be dead. If one will only consider the immense amount of capital and human energy now devoted to preparing and printing the trade papers which serve as guides in their respective fields, I am very confident there will be a general increase in appreciation of the service per- formed. It is but fair to admit that the principal trade papers are always ahead of their readers in informa- tion. They must be so, for they are teachers; they tell us of the newest and best things, of the latest practice in many lines, and it is indeed a dull reader who can- not profit by perusal of them. If subscribers will thus cherish their trade papers I am sure there will be an awakening as to their value and of the good they do, of their great general worth and assistance. When subscribers thus esteem their technical and trade pa- pers, they will deserve to have their names enrolled on that monument of quality instead of being considered quantity, which, as I have said, is another story. —~++e—___- Electric Mine Hoists. The March meeting of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, held in New York, was devoted to the general subject of electrically operated mine hoists. The first paper, presented by D. B. Rushmore and K. A. Pauly, discussed the characteristics of the direct current shunt wound motor and the induction motor, with special reference to their adaptability for hoisting service. Although a number of systems have been proposed to meet special conditions, there are in reality but four. The simplest consists of a polyphase induc- tion motor connected either directly or by gearing to the hoist drum, while the next simplest is a combina- “tion of a shunt wound direct current motor to drive the hoist and an induction or synchronous motor gener- ator set to supply energy from the alternating current supply system to the motor. The other two systems both make use of a flywheel to store and return energy for short intervals. The third system is similar to the second, except for the addition of a flywheel to the induction motor generator set and an automatic regu- lator for varying its speed. The first and fourth ar- THE IRON AGE 795 rangements are about the same, except that a converter equalizer is added. This equalizer consists of a rotary converter connected between the alternating current supply mains and the direct current motor driving the flywheel. The efficiency of the last arrangement is slightly lower and the weight of the flywheel greater as a general thing than the third method, but it pos- sesses the advantage that the operation of the hoist motor is not dependent upon the converter equalizer. The next paper, by Wilfred Sykes, contained a de- tailed discussion of the force, speed, power and enrgy relations in the various types of hoists and an applica- tion of these relations to electric hoisting equipments where flywheels are used to store energy. The prin- cipal advantages of this type of hoist are complete con- trol when running, precise manipulation, a return of energy to the supply system and the application of posi- tive automatic speed reducing devices to prevent over- winding. R. R. Seeber outlined tests made on a hoist of the flywheel motor generator type, where two generators are driven by a single induction motor through flexible couplings. These generators supply energy to motors operating hoists at different shafts. The tests showed a consumption of 1.79 kw.-hrs. per ton of rock hoisted 600 ft. up a 7o-degree incline. The coal used was about 4 Ib. per kw.-hr., which gives a ratio to coal of 279 to 1. Tests made upon steam hoists under similar conditions gave ratios varying from 100 to I to 200 to I. ——__—_.--o——————— The Cleveland Soda and Potash Kettle. The Cleveland Machine Specialty Company, Cleve- land, Ohio, has recently placed on the market a new A 30-Gal. Soda and Potash Kettle, Made by the Cleveland Machine Specialty Company, Cleveland, Ohio. soda and potash kettle, which is shown in the accom- panying illustration. The burners are arranged in a fixed position and either artificial or natural gas can be used. The bottom of the pot is covered with little projections about % in. deep. These break up the flame, and it is claimed that kettles so designed take up the heat about 50 per cent. faster than the smooth bottom kettles and effect a great economy in gas neces- sary to keep the solution boiling. These kettles are made in two sizes, of 10 and 30 gal. capacity, respectively. Because of the convenience of connecting them to the gas supply and their econ- omy of operation they are said to be meeting with considerable favor among manufacturers. Dipping baskets of various sizes are furnished for washing machine parts. 796. THE IRON AGE April 7, 1910 The Radial Power Hammer. The arm swings on bearings formed on a verti- eeenenanese cally adjustable bracket, slidable in guides on the A Universal Forging Machine. frame-standard. Straight and crossed belts lead from the main driving shaft and a clutch engages What the radial drill is to the ordinary upright either driven pulley to a short horizontal shaft, drill the radial power hammer is to the ordinary power which is in turn bevel-gear connected to a vertical hammer. The radial arrangement in this case, how- screw-shaft, used to raise or lower the bracket and ever, is applied for a difierent motive. Instead of being for the purpose of adjusting the working tool to the work, its function is to bring the work- ing tool over a variety of working bases, and so great is the range of work possible on the hammer that it has been very aptly called a universal forging machine. The radial power hammer enables a blacksmith, with- out assistance, to do all operations or- dinarily usually done with the aid of a helper, and it is claimed to do them better, quicker and cheaper. The hammer is the invention of James A. Brown and Fred E. Sutherland, and is built by the Radial Power Hammer Company, Los Angeles, Cal. Fig. 1 shows a front and right side view of a 75-lb. radial power hammer machine, and Fig. 2 a rear and left side view. The main feature of this hammer is the radially swinging bracket arm formed with guides, in which the hammer head is mounted. This arm can be swung to a position either over a vise attachment at the left of the machine, shown in Fig. 2, or an anvil block at the front, shown in Fig. 1, or a swage block or a bend- ing device, also shown in Fig. 1. The swage block is circular and rotatable on a heavy stub shaft, and grooves of various forms and sizes are formed in its periphery; a pocket for inserting special swages is also provided. Nig. 2.—Rear View of the Hammer. Showing the Drive and the Vise. | . | . | | | | | | | Nee geamaermenten om RS head for work of different hights. The head is spring connected to an adjustable disk-crank driven by bevel ‘gears from a vertical shaft mounted centrally of the bearings in the’ brack- et. A feather connection between this shaft and its driving means permits vertical adjustment. The special con- nection between the head and crank enables the head to be worked within a 30-in. circle, so that it can be used in welding up small tires or similar work. A combined friction clutch and brake is ‘mounted on the main drive shaft, and is arranged so that the re- lease of the clutch brings the brake into action, and vice versa. Thus the most delicate adjustment of the speed of the head is possible, and, because of its spring connection with the crank, of the force of the blow struck. The clutch and brake mechanism is controlled by a foot lever extending around the front and sides of the ma- chine, so that the blacksmith has both hands free to handle the work. The machine is rugged and sub- stantial, designed for hard work and rough usage, and the various adjust- ments are simple and easily made. é Fig. 1.—Right Side View of a 75-Lb. Radial Power Hammer, Showing the Phe head weighs 75 Ib. and has a Circular Swage Block and Bending Clamp. vertical adjustment of 15 in. The ma- — April 7, 1910 chine requires a floor space of 4 ft. x 6 ft. 6 in., and can be operated by a 2-hp. motor. ee The New Cisco 14-in. Lathe. The machinery and equipment department of the Cincinnati Iron & Steel Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, has recently placed on the market the 14-in. lathe shown in the accompanying illustration. This tool is known as the new Cisco 14-in. quick change gear en- gine lathe and in its general construction does not differ very much from the others of this line. The spe- cial features of this particular lathe are the simplicity of the quick change gear device and the exceptionally powerful apron drive. Figs. I and 2 show two views of the lathe, and Fig. 3 the mechanism of the apron. Two levers are all that are required to operate the THE IRON AGE 797 pockets are provided. The bed and legs are massive and heavy. <A taper attachment need not be purchased with the lathe unless there is an immediate demand for one, as the carriage is drilled in a jig, so that an at- tachment can be added when required. Only two wrenches are necessary to make any adjustment on the entire lathe, and every part of the lathe can be dupli- cated at any time. ——39---@e—___—_ The National Lead Company’s Report. The National Lead Company, in its report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1909, shows a surplus of $4,713,373 after dividend payments of $1,705,732 on its preferred stock and $1,032,770 on its common stock. The net earnings of the company for 1909 were $2,993,- 420, an increase on the preceding year of $90,667. L. Fig. 1.—Head End. Fig. 2.—Front View with Countershaft. The New Cisco 14-In. Lathe Built by the Cincinnati Iron & Steel Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. Fig. 3.—Detail cf the Apron Viewed from the Rear. quick change gears, which will cut from 3 to 32 threads per inch. Thirty-three changes of feed, rang- ing from 18 to 192 threads per inch, are provided. All the gears are covered, and to make it impossible to engage two gears at the same time a positive locking device is provided. The construction of the apron is heavy and massive. A worm drive is employed, and this is equipped with a non-interfering device which, it is claimed, makes it impossible to engage the feed and the lead screw simultaneously. The apron is fed in either direction regardless of the direction of the feed screw. All the bearings are provided with double supports. Although nominally a 14-in. lathe, the actual swing is 15% in., and the hole in the spindle is large enough to pass I 5-16-in. stock. The countershaft is equipped with a Nugent friction clutch and either a four or five step cone driving pulley, as may be desired. Extra large phosphor-bronze bearings are employed through- out and ample facilities for lubrication and large oil A. Cole, president, in his accompanying remarks to the stockholders, says: “The volume of business shows a notable increase over that of the preceding year and exceeds in tonnage anything in the history of the company. In the last half of the year all raw material entering into finished products advanced in value and measurable increases were made in the price of manufactured goods. In the last annual report reference was made to plans then prepared for the manufacture of ammunition. During the year under review we acquired an important inter- est in a well established business making a specialty of such manufacture, and its field of operation will be broadened. “The business of the current year exceeds that of last, and, while it is yet too early to make predic- tions, the general prosperity of the country justifies a hopeful outlook. Active competition continues, but it is wholesome rather than destructive.” —_2--e—___ H. A. May has purchas