The Iron Age 1908-04-23: Vol 81 Iss 17

| THE Published every ‘Chursday Mor IRON AGE ning by David Williams Co. 14-16 Park Place, New York. Vol. 81: No. 17. New York, Thursday, April 23, 1908. $5.00 a_Year, including Postage. Single Copies, 15 Cents Reading Matter Contents........page 1350 )——————————_ Alphabetical Index to Advertisers “ 185 Classified List of Advertisers = 175 Advertising and Subscription Rates ‘ 184], REED F. BLAIR & CO. PRICK BUILDING, PITTSBURG, PA. STANDARD CONNBLLSVILLB K FOUNDRY PURNACE CRUSHED ooo The American. Mfg. Co. Ropes and Twines 65 Wall Street, New York THE BRISTOL CO. Manufacturers of BRISTOL’S RECORDERS Wm. H. Bristol Electric Pyrometers and Patent Frictionless Smoked Chart Recorders. The Bristol Co., Waterbury, Conn. 114 Liberty St., N.Y, Chicago and { 45 Vesey be., hy. Y. SAMSON SPOT CORD Specified by Architects Everywhere Samson Cordage Works, Boston, Mass. TURNBUCHKLES ii Cleveland City Forge and tron Co., - Cleveland, O. TURN BVUOCEB UES. MERRILL BROS. ‘igh a Maspeth, New York, N. Y. BASIC PIG. Girard Building, Phila. Pilling & Grane xscons, 26.78 TOFAIN Vi; em RULES | IN AMERICA and_| | THE BEST IN THE WORLD | THE LUFKIN RULE 00., Saginaw, Mich., U.S.A. el Hing. Windsor, Can. New York, London, MF 32 Pounds Coating ROOFING TIN is easily worked.—that is why it is so popular among the men who use it. AMERICAN } SHEET AND TIN PLATE COMPANY Frick Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. See our Ad. on page 16 Price Moderate Quality High Ni 7 RO CLUB Trap and field shooters unite in opinion that U M C Nitro Club SHOT SH ELLS shells are the best moderate priced shot shells on the market. If you already carry U M C Nitro Clubs, you know the truth of this state- ment. If you don’t carry them, you are overlooking a “‘good thing.’? They are backed by the reputation of the largest ammunition factory in the world. UMC Shells sell themselvef- +. THE UNION METALLIC, CARTRIDGE COMPANY © Agency, 313 Broadway, New York WATER TUBE OGhe Babcock @ Wilcox Co., BOILERS sec pase s2 “New York HORSE OWNERS WHO TAKE A Real Interest in Their Horses Insist that the blacksmiths who shoe their horses always shall use ‘*‘ Capewell ”’ Nails. This is the brand of nail which insures the best results for Horse Owners as well as for Horseshoers. The Best Nail for All Classes of Work MADE BY The Capewell Horse Nail Co. Hartford, Conn., U. S. A. JENKINS ’96 SHEET PACKING Flexible enough to bend easily without cracking, soft enough to fill up any slight unevenness of surfaces, but sufficiently strong and tough to resist all pressures of steam. Has been used for years under all conditions, and has proved its merits in thousands of plants. All genuine bears the Trade Mark, and is guaranteed, JENKINS BROS., New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, London “Swredon”” Cold Rolled Steel en": Drawing x Stampin THE AMEBRICAN TUBE & STAMPING COMPANY SEE 24 (Water and Rail Delivery) Brip@sPort, Conn. PAGE MAGNOLIA. ,.icnon METAL The Standard Babbitt of the World We manufacture everything in the Babbitt Line. MAGNOLIA METAL CO. New York: 115 Bank St. Chicago: Fisher Building. Montreal: 31 St. Nicholas St. THE IRON AGE Bright Charcoal °y" BRASS | HOD vem TiN Plate COPPER'% Sheet Steels sa GERMAN | SHEET STAMPING-DRAWING and SPINNING SILVER QUALITIES A SPECIALTY LOW BRASS, SHEET BRONZE, SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, BRAZED BRASS AND FOLLANSBEE BRONZE TUBING : : ¢: ¢ : BROTHERS Waterbury Brass Co. WATERBURY, CONN. COMPANY 99 John St., New York. Providence, R. 1. Bridgeport Deoxidized Bronze Pittsburgh & Metal Co. BRIDGEPORT, CONN. neaaie Phosphor and Deoxidized FOLLANSBEE, W. VA. Bronze Composition, Yellow Brass and Alumie num Castings, large and small WIRE Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co. La Salle, Illinois. SMELTERS OF SPELTER AND MANUFACTURERS SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC ACIO Special Sizes of Zinc cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates. Selected Plates for Etchers and Lithographers’ use, Selected Sheets for Paper and Card Makers’ use, Stove and Washboard Blanks. ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. NN prtrreeee ALU k 105-109 So.Jefferson St.,. Chicago. Best Bronze, Babbitt Metals, Brass and Aluminum SASTINGS GERMAN SILVER | So Axon THE SEYMOUR MFG. CO. - - SEYMOUR, | CONN. HENDRICKS BROTHERS Sheet and Bar Copper, Copper Fire Box Plates and Staybolts, Wire and Braziers Rivets Importers and Dealers in Ingot Copper, Block Tin, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, Bismuth, Nickel, etc. 49 CLIFF STREET, - ° - - NEW YORK The Plume & Atwood Mfg. Co. Manufacturers of Sheet and Roll Brass WIRE Printers’ Brass, Jewelers’ Metal, German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burrs Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain Kerosene urners, Lamps, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 279 Broadway, NEW YORK Room 508 Heyworth Building, East Madi- on St., CHICAGO, ILL. Rolling Mill Factories THOMASTON, CONN. WATERBURY, CONN, SCOVILL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS O01 BRASS, GERMAN " SILVER, Sheets, Rolls, Wire Rods, Bolts and Tubes, Brass Shells, Cups, Hinges, Buttons, Lamp Speciai Brass Goods to Order. FACTORIES: WATERBURY, CONN. DEPOTS: NEW YORK CHICAGO BOSTON HenrySouther EngineeringCo, Consulting Chemists, Metallur- gists and Analysts. Complete Physical Testing Laboratory. Bxpert Testimony in Court and Patent Cases Arthur 1. Rutter & Go. 256 Broadway, NEW YORK. Small tubing in Brass, Copper, Steel, Aluminum, German Silver, &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and Ger- man Silver. Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire. Brazed and | Seamless Brass and Copper Tube. Copper and Brass Rod. ‘¢ Search-Light”’ GAS Bicycle Lanterns Send for Circulars and Electrotypes. The BRIDGEPORT BRASS Co. BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Postal Tetegraph oantam, Broadway and ci Murray Street 'W YORK. ; PHOSPHOR-BRONZ! GERMAN SILVER THE RIVERSIDE | METAL CO. RIVERSIDE, N. J. THE IRON AGE New York, Thursday, April 23, 1908. The Hebb Coke Drawing Machine. Engineers connected with beehive coke oven plants have expended a vast amount of effort in recent years on the development of machines for drawing coke. The de- sideratum is naturally a machine that will be adapted to such plants as ordinarily constructed and the operation of which will not be injurious to the ovens, while at the same time a maximum proportion of the coke is removed without the employment of hand labor. Several coke ex- tractors have been described previously in these columns. The present article deals with the Hebb coke drawing machine, the invention of John A. Hebb, Uniontown, Pa. The first trial of the Hebb machine was made at the weight and retaining time Steel had greater predecessors, Laughlin Company. It than any of its while features of the old machine, and for strength certain some has been operating successfully in extracting and loading coke at the Second avenue plant in Pittsburgh of the Jones & Laughlin Steel Company. Views of the Hebb machine are given in Figs. 1 and 2 In Fig. 3 is an elevation of the machine, and Figs. 4 and 5 show different positions of the scraper in the coke oven preliminary to the drawing of the coke. The machine combines an extractor and conveyor mounted on a single truck. The various operative portions of the machinery are carried by a turntable mounted on a circular track on the upper part of the steel framework. The principal " eee, EE Pee a, ae hw we La Fig. 1.—The Hebb Coke Drawing Machine in Working Position. plant of the Stewart Iron Company, Ltd., near Union- town, Pa., in 1900. Six years before that time Mr. Hebb had begun working on the idea of machine drawing of coke. The test referred to was not satisfactory, and the next was made a few months later at the Hero Coal & Coke Company’s plant, Smock, Pa. After some changes the machine was taken to the Brownfield plant of the H. C. Frick Coke Company in September, 1901. Six months later, after a remodeling, it was tried at the Oliver plant of the Oliver & Snyder Steel Company in the spring of 1902. Soon after a heavier machine, weighing about 7 tons, was built and taken to the Continental No. 1 plant of the H. C. Frick Coke Company. While its operation was successful, the construction was such as to necessi- tate considerable repairing. A new design was then brought out and a machine constructed for the Jones & working member is a beam supported from the turntable and having at its forward end a pivotally attached scraper head. The scraper folds back under the beam as it is pushed forward into the oven over the top of the coke. It is extended at practically a right angle with the beam by the tension of a spring on the back end of the beam, a rod fastened to the scraper running through the spring. The forward end of the beam has a shoulder against which the body portion of the scraper bears under tension of the rod, thus limiting its movement. When the scraper end of the beam has been pushed to the inner- most part of the oven and lowered on the coke the beam is rapidly reciprocated and a crevice is opened in the coke into which the scraper is lowered, as in Fig. 5. The beam is then withdrawn and a large portion of the coke is pulled out on the conveyor, which carries it directly wee 1300 back from the oven door and drops it into cars. The breakage is thus very slight. The beam is then advanced again into the oven and the operation repeated until the coke is drawn. The aim has been to provide the mechanism for all the movements of the human coke drawer. Three motors supply the power for the operation. One gives motion to the extractor, another drives the conveyor and through a third the machine is moved along the track in front of THE IRON AGE April 23, 1908 ing it, swinging it from side to side, as well as moving the machine forward and backward on the track and con- trolling the operation of the conveyor. Emphasis is put on the strong construction of the machine and its simple arrangement. Spur gears are used in all cass, with the exception of one pair of miter gears. All the machinery except the conveyor chains is out of the dragging dust. The frictions on the machine make it less liable to dam- age the ovens than any positive application of power. Fig. 2.—Front View of the Machine, Showing Scraper. -— ——-—se— — —3 g-— - DUST PROOF les 4.P. MOTOR | TYPE N-1612 D.C. #20 VOLTS ~25/H.8-MOTOR --~ €00 R.P.M. DUST |PROOF 0.C. 220 VOLTS Fig. 3.—Elevation of Hebb Coke Drawer, Showing Extreme Extension of Scraper Beam. the oven. The conveyor consists of an inclined trough mounted, as shown, on the same truck as the extractor. It consists of a series of slats carried by sprocket chains. Through the spaces between the slats the ashes and fine coke drop, and near the upper end of the trough is a short ash chute for this refuse. The conveyor has a chute overhanging the car, and this can be raised or lowered to deliver coke at any angle. This is done by a roller with a rope attachment, and thus adjustment can be made to different hights of cars. The operator makes these adjustments. One person controls the mechanism for raising or lowering the beam, advancing or withdraw- COKE TRACK : TO T.R. OF " / 83 Based on its performance thus far, it is estimated that the Hebb machine will draw an average of five ovens an hour. The principal advantages referred to are the re- duced cost of coke manufacture made possible, the in- crease of production through the saving of time in draw- ing, and prompt ignition through the saving of heat re- tained in the oven and thus a saving of time in burning; there is also the large independence of hand labor made possible, an advantage particularly emphasized in the summer season, when the work at coke ovens is most ex- hausting and workers are often obtained with difficulty. Under the best conditions work at coking plants is try- April 23, 1908 ing, and on this account the coke drawing machine, like the pig iron casting machine, is a highly desirable inno- vation. For the Hebb machine economy of labor in oper- ation and of maintenance is claimed, and the further ad- vantages of drawing the coke in its natural size as coked, of meeting the ordinary conditions of yards and ovens, of delivering the coke in a straight line from oven door to cars in good condition, of removing substantially all the coke from the oven, and of causing no more wear and tear upon the structure than results from hand drawing. The builder of the machine is the Hebb Coke Drawer Fig. 4.—The Scraper Depressed Backward, as it Comes in Con- tact with the Coke on Entering an Oven. Company, Uniontown, Pa., L. L. Hiller, Pittsburgh, pres- ident. — The Protection of Workmen Against Accidents.* BY CHARLES E, LUCKE, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK. There is ample proof that the number of personal in- juries and deaths from accidents in this country is un- usually large. Any movement that has for its object the protection of the person, whether directed toward those engaged in their daily occupations or toward the general public, should receive the support of every good citizen. In order, however, to justify such support the remedies proposed should ‘be sane, reasonable and free from mere sentimental impulse. It must be shown that some acci- dents are avoidable and that the preventive measures are not oppressive. This broad problem is not by any means a simple one, and its solution involves a divisional classification. One of these groups of cases in which I am more particularly interested is concerned with the protec- tion of workmen engaged in producing and operating ma+ chinery. All work with tools or machinery or that in- volves the moving of heavy weights, the inhalation of harmful dust ‘or gases is by its very nature essentially dangerous. The source and nature of the danger is, more- over, best known to the interested parties; that is, to employer and employee, and needs no demonstration by statistics or by kind hearted philanthropists. It appears, therefore, that a reduction of accidents to workmen of these classes may be brought about most easily by common consent of both parties to adopt pre- ventative measures, and one strong contributing factor to this co-operative action is the existence of such a mu- seum of possible devices as is here in course of establish- ment. It may be, and probably will be true, that in many * An address delivered at the opening exercises of the Expo- sition of Safety Devices, New York, April 11, 1908. THE IRON AGE 1301 cases employer and employee cannot agree. The work- man may refuse to use a device that would protect him, because it may be annoying to him in his work, and he prefers to take the chance of injury rather than be both- ered, or it may be on the other hand, that means for ren- dering the occupation of his men more safe will involve a prohibitive cost on the part of the employer. He is in business distinctively to make money, and if he cannot make money or should his profits be reduced by prohibi- tive appliances or methods he will close his works. Be tween these two extremes of refusal to accept a remedy on the part of the workman, and the refusal to adopt the remedy on the part of the employer, I believe there is a very large middle ground, involving perhaps a forcing of one or the other party, perhaps by gentle educational means, perhaps by legal enactment. This museum con- tributes to the former, employers’ liability laws to the latter, but perhaps better than either of these alone, but involving both of them, is the means offered by liability and accident insurance. If the insurance companies can be induced to grant Fig. 5.—The Scraper Extended at Approximately a Right Angle to the Beam and in a Position to Draw. to the employer lower liability rates and to the workman lower accident rates for the use of this or that device, it will appeal most decidedly to the employer as it touches his earnings, on the one hand protecting him from damage suits and on the other hand giving him his protection for lower rates to permit the purchase and maintenance of the safety appliance, and it will appeal to the man carry- ing accident insurance in an equally obvious way. Before any safety device is adopted its true nature—that is to say, the precise extent of the protection it affords, must be determined. Safety appliances may be more harmful than useful when by lulling into a false security by prom- ises of protection, there results a relaxation of vigilance that is the surest protection, with perhaps a failure of the appliance at a critical time. A safety appliance is not a safety appliance because its inventor asserts it to be such, but becomes a safety element only when it has been proved and tested and when it has by use proved to be absolutely reliable. To accomplish this a series of tests must be made by a thoroughly reliable and disinterested party, such as are made, for example, on fire protection appliances in the laboratories of the Fire Underwriters and at the laboratories of various technical schools, but whatever tests are made the results must be widely pub- lished for the general information of the entire public. To sum up the problem as it appears to me as a mechani- cal engineer, there is no necessity for the proving of the danger of the occupation to either the man engaged in it or to his employer. Every sort of appliance for removing danger must be invented, tried, tested, results made public and the successful appliance placed on exhibition, together with the results of the test to assist in bringing about common consent for its use between employer and em- ployee. Without common consent, one or the other may be forced, and in this forcing process educational policies, employers’ liability laws and accident or employees’ lia- bility insurance practice are, I think, the most potent factors, Ge MT TINE FF 7} 6 ‘2 6s be 1302 THE The Whitlock Double Lap Pipe Joint. The joint for high pressure steam piping shown in the illustrations is of the class in which the pipe itself is flanged outwardly to form the contact surfaces and re- quires no gasket. Loose rings surrounding the pipe and backing the flanges, when drawn together by bolts, clamp the flange faces, forming a tight joint. The joint is dis- tinguished from others of its kind by the extra thickness of the flange, whence is derived the name—double lap joint. While the process of forming this flange is not made public by the manufacturer, the Whitlock Coil Pipe Company, Hartford, Conn., what it accomplishes may be described as consisting of double lapping the end of the pipe. During the flanging process the metal is upset at the root of the flange, so that the flange itself is stronger than the body of the pipe. This method of flanging pro- vides the strength necessary in high duty service. The flanged portion is made wide enough to extend to the bolt Tig. 1.—The Double Lap Flanged Pipe Made by the Whitlock Coil Pipe Company, Hartford, Conn. SASS SASSY SS ZILLI LLL IRON AGE April 23, 1908 furnish repair parts with promptness. This addition to its already complete line of mine equipment places a large variety of products at the disposal of purchasers, and those desiring Atna machines will be assured of the same high grade work and material as is used in the Litchfield engine. a E. G. Acheson Receives Rumford Medals. The American Academy of Arts and Sciences has con ferred upon Edward Goodrich Acheson of Niagara Falls the Rumford medals. The presentation took place at a meeting of the society at the Algonquin Club, Boston, Mass., where the membership met on invitation of Prof. Elihu Thomson. It was a very notable gathering, made up of the heads of a score or more of the scientific de- partments of colleges, independent scientific investiga- tors, distinguished legal lights and men of letters. In an introductory address Prof. Charles R. Cross, chairman of the Rumford Committee, spoke of the twin trusts reposed by Count Rumford in the Royal Society of London and the American Academy, whereby awards were to be given for important discoveries in light and beat. It was his pleasure to observe that the award to Mr. Acheson was one distinctly in the line of the useful arts. The formal presentation of the medals was made by Prof. John Trowbridge, vice-president, and to his words Mr. Acheson made a feeling response. He told how, as a boy, he had heard of Rumford, and lattr of his provision for medal awards. His ambition to win the honor was fired. “To-night my dream has come true,” he said, “ and I value the medal as being the high- est token of the appreciation of the scientific world.’ The medals are two in number, in gold and silver, struck from the same dies. On the obverse side are the words, “Benjamin, Count Rumford, Born 1765; Died 1814;” also an embossed portrait of Count Rumford. On the Fig. 2.—Diagram Showing the Difference Between the Ordinary Single Lap Pipe Flange and the Whitlock Double Lap Flange. holes, as shown in Fig. 1, and is machined on both sur- faces, the back being made parallel with the face. Fig. 2 contrasts the usual, or single, lap joint with the double lap joint. It will be seen that after finishing, the root of the flange, as well as the flange itself, is thicker than the original pipe. This eliminates the tendency of pipe joints to become distorted after being under pressure for some time. For certain classes of service this joint makes it possible to use lighter pipe, no allowance having to be made in the thickness of the metal for its thinning at the joint in the process of flanging. The Whitlock flanges are usually furnished in full weight steel pipe for working pressures up to 250 lb. per square inch. —_——_—_.3¢--g—___—. The Litchfield Foundry & Machine Company, Litch- field, Ill., on April 2 purchased and took over the entire equipment of the A®tna Foundry & Machine Company, Springfield, Ill., including all drawings, patterns and templets, for the manufacture of the complete line of engines, sheaves, box car loaders, cage fans, and every- thing used in the manufacture of mine equipment. The company has also secured the records and specifications for all engines furnished by the A2tna Foundry & Ma- chine Company and is prepared to duplicate orders or reverse side is the inscription: ‘“‘ Rumford Medal for Dis- coveries in Light and Heat. Awarded by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences to Edward Goodrich Ache- son for New Industrial Products of the Electric Fur- nace.” These products are carborundum, siloxicon, artifi- cial graphite and deflocculated graphite. A ee The American Rolling Mill Company, Middletown, Ohio, devotes an eight-page leaflet to its ‘‘ American ingot iron” and the rust resisting sheets manufactured from such iron. The product was developed in the effort to furnish sheets with a maximum resistance to corrosion to meet the demands of the manufacturers of corrugated metal culverts. The above name was chosen by the company to distinguish its ingot iron sheets from steel, puddled iron or charcoal sheets, and it is added that the iron from which the sheets are rolled is made in ingot form and is guaranteed to have an iron analysis. State- ments are given of the results of analyses, showing the comparative losses from corrosion of submerged sheets of: American ingot iron, of steel and of charcoal iron in a saturated solution of salt water containing 2 per cent. sulphuric acid. The analysis of the ingot iron sheets is said to compare closely with that of Swedish charcoal iron. April 23, 1908 THE An Australian Iron Pioneer. William Sandford and the Industry He Established. William Sandford was born in Devonshire, England, and went to Australia in 1883 as the representative of John Lysaght, Ltd., for which firm he erected and man- aged wire netting works on the Parramatta River, Syd- ney, New South Wales. In 1886 he leased the Mittagong Iron Works, at Mittagong, about 50 miles south of Syd- ney, which works had been in existence since 1848 and consisted of one blast furnace and a rolling mill. They had been idle since 1877. Mr. Sandford intended to re- work rails for the Government, but although the mill was remodeled, it was found after five or six months’ opera- tion that the project was not profitable, so he gave it up and went to Lithgow, some 60 miles west of Sydney, where, after seeing what a decided advantage this latter town had over Mittagong as an-iron producing center, he leased the Eskbank Iron Works. These works were WILLIAM SANDFORD. started in December, 1875, and then consisted of a blast furnace, a small foundry, six puddling furnaces, one ball furnace and two mill furnaces and a steam hammer. The blast furnace had been. dismantled just previous to Mr. Sandford’s taking over the works. In fact, between the years 1882 and the early part of 1907 there was no pig iron whatever produced in Australia. On taking over the Eskbank Works in 1886, Mr. Sand- ford commenced making merchant iron, the output at that time for the first three months being 157 tons. Some years after this he purchased outright the iron works, colliery and estate comprising at that time most of the land on which Lithgow now stands. Here on January 15, 1894, the first sheet mill ever erected in Australia was started. This plant consisted of a rolling mill, annealing furnaces and galvanized and corrugating departments, Steel was first made in Australia on April 24, 1900, when Mr. Sandford erected a small Siemens acid open hearth plant. The second sheet mill was erected about the mid- dle of 1901, but was soon shut down on account of the duty on sheet iron being taken off. The difficulties in these works that have been experienced and overcome, chiefly through the alterations and uncertainties of the tariff, cannot be realized by one who has not gone through the experience. On May 10, 1902, Mr. Sandford formed a company in London with a capital of $3,650,000 to acquire his own works at Lithgow and erect two blast furnaces, steel fur- naces and rail and plate mills. The project, however, came to nothing on account of the failure of the “iron bonus bill” to pass the Federal Parliament In Australia, and the refusal by the same Parliament to encourage the IRON AGE 1303 establishment of the industry by placing duties on im- ported iron and steel. He nevertheless continued his oper- ations at Lithgow and erected one small 14-in. mill and a guide mill, together with the necessary auxiliaries. In 1904 a steel foundry was erected for making steel cast- ings. A large engineering shop was also established about this time for making switches and crossings for the Gov- ernment railroads. This shop also contained punching, shearing, drilling, planing and plate bending machines for general engineering work. During all this time Mr. Sandford had never lost sight of his ambition of being the first to erect a successful © blast furnace in Australia, so that when at the end of 1904 the Government of New South Wales solicited bids for the supply of all iron and steel required by this State for a period of seven years, he saw at once that the time had come when, if he procured this contract, he would have sufficient security for his outlay to build a blast furnace. These bids were called for in every country in the world and yet, when the time limit expired on Sep- tember 1, 1905, it was found that the only proposal sub- mitted was that of W. Sandford, Ltd., as the firm was then called, for Mr. Sandford had made his works into a small limited company in 1902. The contract was signed October 21, 1905. Almost im- mediately work was begun to get the plant ready. An up to date blast furnace was designed by Joseph Harri- son of Middlesbrough, England, and P. G. Pennymore of Blaenavon, Wales, went to Australia to erect and work the furnace. Other extensions to the plant were a 15-ton Siemens open hearth basic steel furnace, a new rolling mill and new puddling furnaces. Many alterations were made in the plant. The blast furnace was erected and is now in success- ful operation. It is a 17 x 75 ft. furnace. It has four (three erected) Cowper hot blast stoves, 22 x 74 ft.; four Babcock & Wilcox boilers with patent chambers to allow of the gas burning most efficiently, and two blowing en- gines. One of these engines is a steam turbine which will blow 30,000 cu. ft. of air per minute at a pressure of 15 lb. per square inch; the other is a vertical recip- rocating engine held in reserve. The whole plant is lighted by electricity and everything of the most approved style has been used. As a result of this contract, W. Sandford, Ltd., at the end of 1907, was supplying pig iron to every iron foundry in Australasia. The importation of foreign pig iron into Australia has almost ceased, and Mr. Sandford had real- ized his ambition of erecting and working a successful blast furnace, making a foundry iron equal to the best Scotch irons, and above all instilling into the minds of Australians that they not only have as good raw material as any country in the world, but also that they now have . the basis of all industry and national defence—pig iron. He has always advocated the development of the iron and steel industry in the southern hemisphere, for he believes Australia should be able to do what Japan is doing, i. e., build her own ships and provide all her own armament for defense. Thus, by erecting a successful blast furnace and making an excellent pig iron he has taken a decided step for the advancement of his country. When Mr. Sand- ford took over the Eskbank Iron Works he had 45 men working for him, at the end of 1907 there were over 1000 men in his employment. Now comes the sad end to the story. When the con- tract was taken with the Government of New South Wales there was an overdraft on the plant of $175,000. When the blast furnace and other alterations were com- pleted, an overdraft of $775,000 was the result—the esti- mated cost of tue alterations having been far below the real figures. One of the reasons for this was unforeseen alterations in the tariff which made dutiable almost all the imported machinery for the plant. Consequently, when the firm needed a comparatively small working capital to carry it safely through the mire until a return could be made on the large outlay, the bank suddenly called for payment. After several unsuccessful attempts to get money, Mr. Sandford was forced to accept an offer from G. & C. Hoskins, large pipe founders in Sydney, to buy out the works, and this was done early in January, 1908. Therefore, Mr. Sandford has retired from taking 1304 an active interest in the iron and steel industry of Aus- tralasia. He has attained his ambition and established this iron and steel industry without the help .of either a duty or a bonus, which has never been done in any other THE IRON AGE April 23, 1908 Milling Automobile Cylinders. Two machines specially fitted for milling automobile engine cylinders, recently furnished a large automobile Fig. 1.—The 24 x 24 In. by 10 Ft Horizontal Ingersoll Milling Machine Used for the First and Second Operations. Fig. 2.—The Special Four-Head Ingersoll Milling Machine Which Performs the Finishing in the Third Operation. country in the world. He is now on his thirteenth trip to England, resting on his laurels. ee: ——»+—-e__—_—__ In the two weeks between March 18 and April 1 the number of idle railroad cars in the United States and Canada increased from 27,042 to 306,507. The high point this year was reached on February 5 at 348,928, from which there was a gradual decrease up to March 18. manufacturer by the Ingersoll Milling Machine Company, Rockford, Ill., are illustrated herewith. _ The horizontal machine, Fig. 1, is one of the com- oany’s standard 24 x 24 in. x 10 ft. machines, and is used for milling the crank case cover seats, in performing what is indicated as the first operation in Fig. 4, and also for milling the tops of the cylinders, and at the same time the intake and exhaust connection seats, which is April 23, 1908 THE shown as the second operation. Cutters f and g mill the tops of the cylinders, and e and h the intake and exhaust connection seats. A fixture is fitted to the table of the machine for holding a table load of these cylin- ders, two rows at one time. ‘The second operation is a roughing operation only. For finishing these cylinders a special four-head ma chine, front and rear views of which are given in Figs, 2 and 3, was furnished. This machine has two vertical spindles on the front of the rail for finishing the tops of the cylinders, while simultaneously two vertical spin- dles on the back of the rail finish the seats for the faces of the valve bushings. All of this work is done in one pass through this special machine—that is, the finishing IRON AGE 1305 pertaining to the construction, equipment and decoration of buildings, as well as landscape and garden effects, this will be a radical departure from the usual form of exhibitions. It will be the first exhibition of its kind held in this country. It is announced that no space will be allotted to exhibits of ordinary character which pos- sess no special features of novelty, utility, originality or beauty. Many of the foremost architects will aid and co-operate, and will exhibit in the Salon models, casts, drawings and photographs of unusual interest. The Salon will be a separate and distinct department of the exposition, occupying the huge elevated promenade plat- form 20 ft. wide surrounding the entire arena. On this platform there will be 40 studios of equal size, about 16 FIRST OPERATION Vig. 4. SECOND OPERATION -Diagram of the Three Operations.—Milling the Crank Case Cover Seats; THIRD OPERATION Milling the Tops of the Cylinders and the Intake and Exhaust Connection Seats, and Finishing the Tops of the Cylinders and the Seats for the Faces of the Valve Bushings cuts are taken as shown by the third operation in Fig. 4, where a and b represent the spindles on the front of the rail and c and d those on the rear. Both of these machines are motor driven. A 10-hp. variable speed motor drives the horizontal machine and a 15-hp. variable speed motor the four-head machine. The rear view of the latter, Fig. 3, shows the arrange- ment of the motor drive. The cross rail on each of these machines is counterbalanced. a oe An Architectural Exposition.—The first annual Na- tional Architectural Exposition will be held during the week of September 14 to 19 at Madison Square Garden, New York City. By the combination and co-operation of all departments in architecture, engineering, painting, sculpture, the trades, manufacturing and craftsmanship x 7 ft., affording three walls in each studio for hanging and ample room in the center of each studio for models. Application blanks and floor space diagrams can be had from Alfred Chasseaud, general manager, 1 Madison ave- nue, New York City. —————__-»--e_____-_ — The Cleveland Cap Screw Company, Cleveland, Ohio, has changed its name to the Electric Welding Company. It manufactures vise screws, gas engine valves, cam shafts, spindles, cap screws, &¢c., under the resistance electric welding process, for which McCoy & Brandt, 619 Ferguson Building, Pittsburgh, are agents. The steel car plant of the Pressed Steel Car Company, at New Castle, Pa., has closed down temporarily for lack of orders. 1306 A Springfield Motor-Driven Lathe. The engraving herewith shows the latest motor drive which the Springfield Machine Tool Company, Springfield, Ohio, has applied to its brass working turret lathes. It employs a Lincoln variable speed motor, connected to an all geared head lathe. The motor is arranged for a varia- tion of 6 to 1, and is controlled by the handle shown at the top of the motor. By turning this handle the arma- ture of the motor is drawn either into a stronger or weaker field, thus increasing or diminishing the speed of the machine.* The starting box is placed withing convenient reach of the operator, and is automatic in its release, when the power is turned off. The double throw switch on the bed of the machine provides a simple means of reversing the rotation of the motor. The head of the machine is compact and rigid, and is arranged with an all geared drive for transmitting the THE IRON AGE April 23, 1908 handle to its first position the turret is still further clamped to the carriage. This insures perfect alignment and absolute rigidity. The handle at the rear of the machine engages the screw feed to the turret, when deli- cate feeds are necessary. When more rapid movement is desired the handle at the front of the turret carriage may be used by unlocking the sleeve in which the screw operates. The turret is furnished with a taper attachment, the taper bar of which is contained in the center of the bed, and is adjustable so that a taper of 4 in. to the foot can be obtained. The slide on the taper attachment bar is gibbed to take up wear. When the taper attachment is not in use the cross slide is held to the carriage in cen- tral position by a taper pin at the rear of the cross slide to insure alignment. The entire turret, cross slide and apron, are fitted with taper gibs throughout. The turret has cross feed, like the ordinary compound rest, and can be run either side of the center or to a stop, An 18 In. by 6 Ft. Springfield Turret Lathe with power from the motor to the spindle. All gears are in- closed. ‘The head affords four mechanical changes of speed; two are obtained through sliding gears manipu- lated by the handle directly back of the friction handle and are doubled by the back gears. The lower hand wheel, the one on the headstock, is used to revolve the spindle by hand, as when bringing the tool to the end of a square thread ending in a drilled hole, or similar op- erations. The large handle seen in the vertical position is the lever operating the friction head. All the journals in the head are self-oiling, and contain large reservoirs, which need only infrequent filling. The carriage and turret arrangement of the machine is very complete. The turret, which is large and heavy, has bushed holes, and is indexed by the handle shown above it. The indexing mechanism is unique and sub- stantial. By the backward movement of the handle the locking pin is withdrawn from the turret base and held there while a forward movement of the handle brings the next turret tool in position, when the locking pin enters and securely locks the turret. By returning the * For descrintion of the Lincoln variable speed motor see The Iron Age, March 1, 1906. ‘ Friction Head and Lincoln Variable Speed Motor. which is provided so that the turret may be brought to central position. The apron is provided with power feed of three va- riations. The feed is engaged by the friction handle at the front of the apron and may be reversed by the lever at the side of the apron. When the power feed is not in use’ and other movements are desired the carriage is clamped to the bed by a rigid clamping device at the right of apron. The chasing bar is arranged in the usual manner, and can be thrown out of the way when not in use. Its tool post is provided with a down feed and is adjustable so that the tool may be placed either ahead or back of center. The chaser bar is of heavy construction, and is supported by brackets. Taper threads may be chased with the tool by tilting the slide in which the forward part of the chasing bar rests when in position. The different pitches of thread are obtained by the usual follower and leader device, and either right or left hand threads can be chased without changing any gears. A handle on the rear of the head throws in a tumbler gear, which reverses the direction of rotation of the leader. This feature is valuable and avoids the need of a large April 23, 1908 THE IRON AGE 1307 number of leaders for the various right and left hand threads to be chased. The follower is kept in contact with the leader by a heavy spring, which insures uni- form lead to the thread being cut. The compound rest is unique and can be operated in nearly every position. It is made interchangeable with the hand rest, and has considerable movement in any direction. The compound rest is graduated in degrees, and, after swiveling to position, may be securely clamped by a small screw at the front. This machine is also built regularly in the four-step cone type, with friction head, as well as the five-step cone, without friction head. —_————_»--o___—__ The Excelsior Band and Angle Iron Brake. ‘ . . bd : An original design of open end brake for bending band and angle iron and bars, built by the Excelsior Tool & "eee qedeauaeue aa tiie ie The No. 13 Band and Angle Iron Brake Made by the Excelsior Tool & Machine Company, Hast St. Louis, III. Machine Company, East St. Louis, Ill., and samples of the work that can be formed on this machine, are shown in the illustrations herewith. It will handle up to 4 x 1% Nxamples of Work Which Can Be Formed on the Excelsior Band and Angle Iron Brake. in. band or angle iron and up to %4-in. square or round bars. It is a very useful tool for iron workers and is ex- tensively used in range and cornice shops, saving much time and the use of the larger machines which must otherwise be applied to this kind of work. The top of the machine is adjustable for work of different thicknesses, from 1-16 to % in., and is constructed so that the material can be inserted and removed from the side, which is very desirable, especially when long bars are used. The work can be set to adjustable gauges or stops when duplicate bends are to be made. The lever handle at the right is adjustable and can be set to bend a variety of angles. The lower or removable jaw and the face of the upper jaw are made of hardened steel. The machine weighs 4V lb. and its design, material and workmanship are claimed to be such as to make it very rigid and durable. suiciieccaailapliiapnastiahcai Tin Deposits at Spokane, Wash. WASHINGTON, D. C., April 20, 1908.—A bulletin is about to be published by the United States Geological Survey giving a description of a body of tin ore at Silver Hill, near Spokane, Wash., which has been examined for the survey by Arthur J. Collier. The tin bearing min- eral, cassiterite. was identified as such in the summer of 1906. The deposits are situated on an interurban rail- road within half an hour’s ride from the center of the city. ‘Tin ore has been found at four localities in this aurea, The ore body in the principal workings was first de veloped by an open cut 150 ft. long, in which a mass of pegmatite and quartz was uncovered. ‘The tin bearing rock dips to the southwest at an angle of about 45 de- grees and lies between well defined walls. The maximum thickness of ore found at any point was probably not less than 10 ft. From the point where the richest ore was found a shaft has been sunk to a depth of 125 ft. on an incline of approximately 45 degrees. Some cassiterite was found to a depth of 50 ft., although it gradually de- creases in amount below the bottom of the cut. Below the 100-ft. level the walls of the ore body come together, aud for some distance the vein or dike is not well defined, although large nodules of tungsten ore have been found. On the 100-ft. level drift is partly in barren quartz and partly in the pink pegmatite regarded as tin bearing rock. About 35 ft. from the shaft this rock contained a notable umount of cassiterite, and part of it was rich enough tuo be regarded as tin ore. The excavations have gone far ebough to show that the tin bearing intrusion is of irregular form; that the tin is not uniformly distributed through it, and that it may be confined to an ore shoot pitching to the northwest. In the course of these excavations the tin ore has been carefully selected from the barren rock and piled on the dump, where, at the present time, there is probably from 100 to 200 tons. It consists of pieces varying in size up to 100 lb. or more, in which the cassiterite is un- evenly distributed in grains from the size of a pin head to several pounds in weight. From an inspection of the dump Mr. Collier is of the opinion that the cassiterite or black tin contained is about 6 per cent. The cassiterite is reported to be remarkably free from impurities. Veins and dikes of pegmatite are not uncommon else- where in the metamorphic rocks of this region, which are continuously exposed for several miles to the east and outcrop at intervals for at least 40 miles to the south. No cassiterite has yet been found in these rocks except at Silver Hill, but such discoveries are to be expected. The developments at Silver Hill indicate that the tin ore is to be found in detached masses whose relations to each other cannot yet be forecast, and the economic value of the deposit will depend to a considerable extent on the amount of excavation necessary to locate other ore bodies. This can be determined only by experience in- volving a further outlay of capital and possibly requir- ing several years’ time, but the discoveries already made are of sufficient value to warrant such investigations. w. L. C. ——___—_.9---e—___— The Standard Metal Mfg. Company, 43 Canal street, Chicago, has taken over the Acme Bearing Journal Com- pany, and will remove about May 1 to 8 and 10 Canal street. Besides the S. T. B. composition bearings, which formerly comprised the sole product of the company, it is now prepared to manufacture and furnish all kinds of brass and other metal bearings for cars, trucks, &c. ee 0 apt od OC et dmnin. ckitoena i COR ARRN qrommnteme ween tee SAREE REET IO AEIL DNR BE EN 1308 The Pels One.Stroke Beam Shear. The one-stroke gear driven beam shear known as the type R T T, shown in the accompanying engraving, is an addition to the line of steel plate frame punching and shearing machinery built by Henry Pels & Co., 68 Broad street, New York City. It is built in five sizes, with ca- pacities from 3 in., 5% Ib., to 24 in., 100 Ib., I-beams, and all sections of channels, angles, tees, &c. With this new tool a section may be sheared in one setting—. e., after inserting the material in the throat of the machine no further handling is required. This is radically different from the old practice, in which half of a section was sheared and then the piece turned over to complete the eut. The method of operation is simple and is as follows: The beam is placed in the throat, and the side knives are screwed against the flanges, thus clamping the ma- terial in place. The upper knife holder is the shape of an inverted triangle, of which the knife is the lower THE IRON AGE April 23, 1908 rolled steel plates, the gears are of semisteel of heavy design. and the various shafts, connecting rods, &c., are open hearth steel forgings. a The Coal Mines Conference Agrees on Old Terms. At the joint conference held in Toledo April 17, the miners and operators of the central competitive field completed their labors by adopting the report of the Scale Committee unanimously. The report provided for a re- sumption of mining April 20; that the rate for mining in vogue up to April 1, 1907, be reaffirmed; that the various districts settle internal differences, and that all screens shall be not less than 5%-in. surface. The block coal dis- trict may continue the use of the diamond screen of pres- ent size, with the privilege of run of mine coal. A week’s work is to consist of€ 48 hr. This shall be exclusive of the time required to reach the working places. The men are to be paid for 2 hr. when they enter the mines, even if the mine does not work 2 hr. There ‘the New One-Stroke, Gear-Driven, Type RTT Beam Shear Built apex. At each of its upper corners the knife has bear- ings through which sliding bolts are alternately inserted automatically to contro] the movement of the knife. When the machine is thrown in action the left-hand bolt is in position and the right-hand bolt withdrawn. The rotation of the eccentric on the shaft then causes the upper knife to swing through a quarter circle to the left, on the left-hand bolt as a center, thus shearing the left half of the section. On the return movement the 'eft-hand bolt is withdrawn and the one on the right in- serted, and the next revolution of the eccentric causes the upper knife to move in a corresponding quarter circle to the right, completing the cutting operation, which requires less than 20 sec. on the heaviest section. The lower knife holder revolves on its center and automatical- ly follows the movement of the upper knife and adjusts itself to all sections. In shearing plain angles, bulb angles, tees, &c., the upper knife works only to the left and the lower and side knives are stationary. All parts are easily accessible and the shear may be worked by unskilled labor. As in all other types manu- factured by this firm, the flywheel is the only cast iron used in the construction. The frame is formed of heavy by Henry Pels & Co., New York. after they are to be paid by the hour. This refers to the laborers. The contract expires March 31, 1910. The present agreement is to be referred to a referendum vote of the miners. A _ resolution is attached condemning speedy action by miners or operators resulting in a pre- mature strike, and that the present joint convention ad- journ to meet on the first Tuesday in February, 1910, in Toledo. The Illinois coal fields are not included in the above agreement. The operators and miners in that State are endeavoring to settle their own differences. oo The F. C. Richmond Machinery Company, Salt Lake City, Utah, has been organized to handle a general line of machinery, but making a specialty of mining ma- chinery. The new company is incorporated with a cap- ital stock of $100,000. F. C. Richmond, president of the company, was for many years general manager of the mining machinery department of the Salt Lake Hardware Company. The company has secured the sales agency of a number of important lines of machinery, chief among which are the Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company and the Almo Mfg. Company. April 23, 1908 The Improved Ajax Bulldozer. To give better control of the machine and