The Iron Age 1907-08-01: Vol 80 Iss 5

THE IRON AGE Published every Thursday Moraing by David Williams Co. 14-16 Park Place, New York Vol. 80: No. 5 New York, Thursaay, August 1, 1907 mM Reading Matter Contents...... page 322 Alphabetical Index to Advertisers ‘‘ 288 Classified List of Advertisers “+ Ze Advertising and Subscription Rates‘‘ 356 Reed F. Blair & Co. Frick Building, Pittsburg, Pa. COKE, PIG IRON CHROME ORE FERRO MANGANESE SILICON SPIEGEL, ETC. BEAUTIFUL WINDOW TRIM FREE Bring more sporting goods customers into your The American Mfg. Co. store by means of the beautiful U. M. C. — Remington window display shown herewith. Ropes and Twines J Lithographed in six colors. Adjustable to any f size window. It is the finest window adver- 65 Wall Street, New York > tising scheme ever put out. Sent with full instruction upon receipt of postal. Address ,.The Union Metallic Cartridge Company Advertising Department 313 Broadway, New York City Bristol’s Patent .Steel Belt Lacing SAVES k Time, Belts, Money. . P . \ > Ai ey Greatest Strength a “ Rem Ad yp Abe with Least Metal at aes _ Send for Circu- ea SS RT aT lar Q and Free ae aL é, READY TO APPLY FINISHED JOINT Samples PS UALC. stor seus THE BRISTOL CoO., Waterbury, Conn. New York : 114 Liberty Street Chicago: 753 Monadnock Building SAMSON SPOT CORD| WATER TUBE (O6%e Babcock @ Wilcox Co. BOILERS See page 66 ~ Neeten Also Massachusetts and Phoenix Brands See Page 281. SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS, Boston, Mass, ‘““CAPEWELL’’ HORSE NAILS Yield Dealers the TURNBUCKLES Largest Profits a & ; ““""T Branch Office, 11 Broadway. New York. Considerably more than half of all the nails sold in Cleveland City Forge and Iron Co., - Cleveland, O. the United States are “CA PEWELL.”’ TORNSBUVCHEIUDS. Dealers who always keep this brand of nail in stock se- a MERRILL BROS.,/! cure the /argest volume of the horse nail business annually. 465 to 471 Kent Ave., gh Oe: BP. BF: It Pays to Carry ‘‘The Best’’ Nail BESSEMER PIG Sieg eireceanananannnntipnseasnaaaeseeeee ge ne el ay eee ence Girard Batlding, Phila. . artford, PILLING & CRANE Smwzaxe mes, || The Capewell Horse Nail Co., “conn: Empire Bidg., New York, The Best and Best Known Galvanized Sheets in the world are SLES Ty Syy0ti7% JENKINS BROS. VALVES STANDARD PATTERN. Made of new steam metal of the best grade. Fitted with the Jenkins Disc, assur- ing an absolutely steam tight valve under all ordinary pressures. When fitted with a soft Jenkins Disc they are the most satisfactory valves that can be obtained for use on water, air or gas. All parts interchangeable. Every valve bearing the Trade Mark is guaranteed. JENKINS BROS., New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, London. van we . eis “SWECON” Gd Role Se a rain Galvanized Sheets. W 0 0 f EG celled for rawing and amplng THE AMERICAN TUBE & STAMPING COMPANY SEE The Stencil on every bundle pro- | Water and Rail Delivery) BRip@rrort, Conn. PAGE ects the buyer, assuring long service ind complete satisfaction. SEE AMERICAN SHEET & TIN PLATE COMPANY’S Ad. on page 18. MAGNOLIA erricrioxs METAL The Standard Babbitt of the World We manufacture everything in the Babbitt Line. SSS jnacnouia METALCO. New York: 115 Bank St. Chicago: Fisher Building. | Montreal: 31 St. Nicholas St. 2 THE IRON AGE ype The Plume & Atwood Mfg. Co. BRASS)". n«| Sheet and Roll Brass COPPER ™, wire WIRE Printers’ Brass, Jewelers’ Metal, 1 and 3 Pass Cold Rolled Black Sheets Hammered Open Hearth quality German Silver and Gilding Metal, GERMAN Po. Copper Rivets and Burrs Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kerosene SILVER | we ee 279 Broadway, NEW YORK LOW BRASS, SHEET BRONZE,| ®°°™ ee tere Madi- SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, BRAZED BRASS AND} ___ Rotting min Factories THOMASTON, CONN _ WATERBURY, CONN. BRONZE TUBING : : +: : SCOVILL MFG. CO. WATERBURY BRASS CO., MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS, GERMAN SILVER, WATERBURY, CONN. 99 John St., New York. Providence, R. I. Sheets, Rolls, Wire Rods, Bolts and Tubes, Bridgeport Deoxidized Bronze & Metal Co. Brass Shells, Cups, Hinges, Buttons, BRIDGEPORT, CONN. While it is true that our HAM- MERED OPEN HEARTH sheets are produced mainly in the better finishes, we can also take care of those buy- ers who require only the or- dinary ‘‘finish’’ but must have a good body for their sheets. Follansbee Brothers Company Lamp Goods, Special Brass Goods to Order. FACTORIES: WATERBURY, CONN. DEPOTS: NEW YORK CHICAGO BOSTON Phosphor and Deoxidized : Bronze Henry Souther Engineering Co. Pittsb u rg n Composition, Yellow Brass and Alumi- HARTPORD, CONN. num Castings, large and small Consulting Chemists, Metallur- gists and Analysts. Complete Pnysical Testing Laboratory. Expert Testimony in Court and Patent Cases. Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., ——— ArthurT. Rutter& Go. i 5 : 256 Broadway AND MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC ACID. NEW YORK Special Sizes of Zinc cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates. Small tubing In Brass, Copper, Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lithographers’ use. Steel Aluminum German Silver Selected Sheets for Paper and Card Makers’ use. F : : Stove and Washboard Blanks. &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. German Silver. Copper, Brass : | and German Silver Wire. Brazed and Seamless Brass and Copper i LASS Tetons J J ae aR Tube. Copper and_ Brass Rod. : Be Bi Sitsi heeded Te |THE BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO., 105 -109 So,Jefferson St.. Chicago. a cs cco : ; s s Postal Telegra uildin roadw NAY EE UIP TOOTS EI ESE CE TTT Meee eaabaters and Murray St, New York. On Short Nottee 85-87 Pearl’ St. Bost 17 N. 7th St., Philadelphia GERMAN SILVER | NICEEL ANODEs Brass {SHEET | Brass, Bronze, and Copper THE SEYMOUR MFG. CO. - - SEYMOUR, CONN.| ano \ TUBING HENDRICKS BROTHERS Copper | WIRE PROPRIETORS OF THE . : Metal Goods made to order from Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, Sheet, Rod, Wire and Tubing. MANUFACTURERS OF Braziers’ Bolt and Sheathing PHOSPHOR-BRONZE COPPER GERMAN SILVER SCOPPER WIRD AND RIVETS, octets Importers and Dealers in ingot Copper, Block Tin, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, etc. ae 49 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK. ; RIVERSIDE, N.4J. o THE IRON AGE New York, Thursday, August 1, 1907. Wellman-Seaver-Morgan Mine Hoists. The illustrations show two electrically operated: dou- ble reel hoists, each driven through a double reduction of gears by an alternating current motor. Both are types built by the Wellman-Seaver-Morgan Company, Cleveland, Ohio. The hoist illustrated in Fig. 1 is de- signed to handle a load consisting of 4000 Ib. of ore, dou- ble deck cages weighing 4000 Ib., and cars weighing 1200 Ib., from a depth of 2400 ft. at a speed of 1000 ft. per minute, the up-coming load being partly balanced by the down-going cages. Each reel has a capacity of 2400 ft. of 4% x % in. rope. The hoist shown in Fig. 2 is de- cially designed for heavy work, have few parts, are easily adjusted and require few repairs. It is stated that they enable the operator to change levels with the least loss of time. The post brakes are built up of plates and angles, and aré provided with top and bottom ad- justments. The brakes are lined with basswood blocks, which, under the maximum load, are subjected to a pres- sure not exceeding 20 Ib. per square inch. Both the clutches and brakes of the larger hoist are operated by compressed air, the operating cylinders being fitted with a floating valve gear, so arranged that the pistons follow the movement of the controlling levers. The brakes are set by gravity and released by air pres- sure. In addition to the power operated brakes, there Fig. 1.—A Large Mine Hoist Built by the Wellman-Seaver-Morgan Company for the Compania de Real Del Monte, Pachuca, Mexico signed to handle a load consisting of 2000 Ib. of ore in a skip weighing 2000 Ib. from a depth of 1200 ft. at a speed of 500 ft. per minute, and in this case also the up-coming load is partly balanced by the down-going skip. Each reel has a capacity of 1200 ft. of 3% x % in. rope. The following description of the larger hoist applies equally well to the smaller one, with the exceptions which are mentioned: The hoist is supported on a cast iron bedplate of the inverted U type, hollow in section and surrounding the entire machine. The reel shaft rests in two large adjustable Babbitted bearings, and is designed to carry the maximum load without undue de- flection. Fach reel is fitted with a friction clutch and post brake. The reel hubs are lined with removable bronze bushings, proportioned so that the pressure upon them will not exceed 80 lb. per square inch of projected area for the maximum load to which each is subjected. The friction clutches are the Webster, Camp & Lane type, which is claimed to be the most successful clutch made for mine hoists up to the present. They are espe- are provided hand brakes controlled by hand wheels, to be used in case the air pressure fails, and the design of the connections is such that the brakes are set, as above stated, by gravity and released by hand. In the smaller hoist, however, the clutches and brakes are operated by hand levers, conveniently arranged at the front of the hoist. Each hoist is fitted with a safety device operated from the indicator, and is so arranged that if the cages of the larger hoist are elevated beyond a predetermined point the clutches are automatically thrown out and the brakes are set; or, if the skips of the smaller hoist are raised beyond a certain point, the brakes are automat- ically applied. This automatic device on the larger hoist is also connected to the hand operated brake mechanism. Each reel of both hoists is fitted with an indicator driven from the reel hub by a heavy bicycle chain and sprockets with cut teeth. All gears have cut teeth of the short involute type. The electrical equipment of the hoist, shown in Fig. 1, consists of a General Electric type I, 14-pole, 250-hp., —_— 286 1040-volt, 50-cycle, three-phase motor, running at 429 rey. per min., and having a full load efficiency of 90 per cent. The full load torque of the motor is 4000 Ib. at 1 ft. radius, and the maximum torque is approximately two and one-half times that amount. The motor for the hoist, shown in Fig. 2, is of the same make and type, and operates on alternating current of the same voltage and frequency. It has 10 poles, runs at 600 rev. per min. and has a full load efficiency of 86 per cent. The full load torque of this motor is 525 lb. at 1 ft. radius, and the maximum torque is approximately and one-half times that amount. The insulation of both motors is tested to withstand 3000 volts alternating current for 1 min., and the temperature will not exceed 40 degrees C. at rated capacity after 24 hours’ run. The controller for the larger hoist is provided with primary contacts, operating in oil, inclosed in a cast iron from the main controlling mechanism. That for the smaller hoist is provided with primary con- tacts, operating in oil, contained in the main controller eylinder. For both controllers there are six running points, enabling the operator to run the hoist at several speeds continuously. grid type, the two case, separate the stand- assembled on The resistances are of ard grids being skeleton THE IRON AGE August I, 1907 were found to be without rust. In another case a pipe was immersed for 10 years in an artesian well, the water in which had not been pumped for 10 or 15 years, and no corrosion of this inside pipe had taken place, the scale was still as fresh as when the pipe was new, and the tool marks of the pipe coupling apparatus were still perfectly fresh. “ Similar results came under the writer’s observation in reference to the condition of rods and nails found in wooden foundations where the surrounding material was impervious to air, and in one case which came under his observation, at the time of the removal of the old elevated railroad columns in Greenwich street, New York City, prior to making way for the new structure in 1878, the bottom part of these columns and the bolts in the masonry were found intact, the gradually increasing until near the surface, where the material was almost en tirely destroyed by rust. The experience with both wood and iron, where the renewal of the oxygen in the sur- rounding water was prevented, has been uniformly that of finding the material perfectly preserved, so that, in the writer’s practice, he does not hesitate to advise the use of either material under conditions where a fresh supply of oxygen is excluded. corrosion The casing of concrete, in his be- Fig. 2.—A Smaller Wellman-Seaver-Morgan Mine Hoist —Another Built for the Mexican Company Mentioned Under Fig. 1. frames. They are air cooled and are designed for balance hoisting only. These hoists are two of 12-reel hoists of various sizes, for the mines of the Compania de Real Del Monte, Pa- chuca, Mexico, and were designed by the builder. ——-_»4- oe -— --—- The Lasting Qualities of Iron in Foundations. John F. O'Rourke of New York, the well-known engi neer, in Giscussing before the convention of the American Society of Civil Engineers in Mexico the question of the lasting qualities of iron and steel in foundations, made the following statement: “Tron and steel used in foundations, apart from condi- tions where electrolysis may occur, last indefinitely when in direct or indirect contact with water, provided the water remains unchanged. The reason for this is obvious. Water attacks iren or steel on account of the oxygen it contains, and, if this is a proportionately small quantity, the amount of oxygen contained in wet concrete or ground is negligible. and, having once been exhausted, the metal remains unharmed and protected. “ The writer has seen many cases where immersion in standing water has been a matter of years, and in every case the effect upon the metal has been no greater than if it had stood for the same length of time in linseed oil. In one case bolts on the inside of cast iron cylinders, filled with concrete, were exposed to the salt water in the Har- lem River for more than 30 years, and when removed lief, is an absolute protection against any oxygen pene- trating to the surrounding water, and the uniform prac- tice in foundation work in New York City, where both materials are used in combination, is to pay no attention to waterproofing as a preservation, but depend on the concrete to preserve the iron, which it does in the man- ner stated. There are exceptions to this, of course, but, generally speaking, where the waterproofing is put under- neath the steel, it is for reasons connected with the water- proofing itself, more than from any intention to protect the steel in that way. As a matter of fact, water in one form or another is always a possibility, but conditions can be insured which will prevent its being changed, which is the great desideratum.” a o> ml. On June 29 the total working force on the Panama Canal was 28, The June excavation in the Culebra division was 624,586 cu. yd., as against 669,365 cu. yd. in May, and is more than three fimes the amount taken out in June, 1906. The report says that with 19,000 yd. per shovel as the maximum output during the dry season, 16,000 yd. per shovel cannot be considered a serious fall- ing off when the excessive rainfall (13.34 in.) for June is taken into account. The Wilson Transit Company has closed a contract with the American Shipbuilding Company for an 8000-ton lake boat for 1908 delivery. The new boat will be 524 ft. over all, and will be a duplicate of the steamer Charles S. Hebard of the Wilson fleet. August I, 1907 A Continuous Ingot-Heating Furnace. Wm. R. Miller has designed for the Forter-Miller En- gineering Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., a water-sealed con- tinuous ingot-heating furnace. Engineers have worked upon continuous soaking pits with more or less success, a conspicuous effort in this direction being that embodied in the original open hearth steel plant at Ensley, Ala. Some of the drawbacks connected with earlier attempts are now believed to have been overcome and the patent, granted to-Mr. Miller in April of this year, represents improvements in one issued in 1906. Its features are shown in the illustration which is a vertical longitudi- nal sectional view partly broken away. At each end of the furnace is a swinging door, A, B, fitting down over the ingot buggy and closing the ends of the furnace against the entrance of air or the escape of the gases. The lower portion of the furnace chamber for its full length is a water seal basin with a track, C, along the bottom. Gas and air are introduced in usual ways into the combustion chamber D, the products of com- bustion passing out through the outlet pipe E connected with the stack. At each end of the furnace is a supple- mental basin, immediately beyond the end walls. In it is mounted on a piston rod or hydraulic ram a turn- table, H, provided with a track of the same gauge as that which traverses the furnace. The ram projects into the basin through a stufling box and is actuated by a plunger mounted in a steam or hydraulic cylinder, J. On each piston rod is a pinion, K, which is of such length that it engages with a rack bar, L, at varying vertical positions. Thus the plunger and the turntable it carries may be given a one-quarter revolution. The construction of the supplemental basins is such as to permit of lowering the turntables H until their tracks align with the track C traversing the furnace bottom, or of raising the turntables above the water line to align with the tracks, at right angles to the track C, on which the ingot buggies are run on or off the turn- tables, The buggies follow each other continuously through the furnace, the entire lower portion of each being sub- merged while the upper portion carrying the ingots is exposed to the furnace gases. The end basins and the furnace basins furnish a continuous water seal. ——— »-e There has been issued in pamphlet form an article originally published in the Political Science Quarterly on “Iron and Steel Bounties in Canada,” by Edward Porritt of Hartford, Conn. It is an admirable historical review of this curious movement, with a lucid exposition of the considerations which led to the rapid increase in the sums expended in recent years, with men in power who were originally violently opposed to it. A Continuous Ingot-Heating Furnace. THE IRON AGE 287 Coal in Alabama in 1906. The United States Geological Survey, through E. W. Parker, fuel expert, reports that the total production of coal in Alabama in 1906 was 13,107,963 net tons, having a spot value of $17,514,786. Alabama ranks fifth among the coal producing States. The output in 1906 was its largest, being 10.5 per cent. greater than that of 1905. The average price per ton advanced from $1.21 in 1905 to $1.34 in 1906. The total number of men employed in the coal mines of Alabama in 1906 was 20,555, who worked an average of 237 days, as compared with 19,595 men for an average of 225 days in 1905. The average production per man in 1906 was 638.2 tons, against 605.6 in 1905. The average output per day per man was the same in both years—2.69 tons. In 1904 the men averaged 2.98 tons per day and 632.3 tons for the year. The ef- fects of the strike of 1904 appear in the outputs of the past two years, with nonunion men largely employed. According to the report for 1905 there were 213 ma- chines in use and 1,584,942 tons of machine mined coal; in 1906 there were 232 machines in use, an increase of 19, while the machine mined coal increased to 1,616,486 tons. Strikes occurred last year at only four mines and were of short duration. In mines employing 11,258 men, or nearly 55 per cent. of the total number for 1906, a 10- hour day is in force; 37 mines, employing 7SOS men, worked 9 hr., and 27 mines, employing 1096 men, worked 8 hr. Of the total production of coal in Alabama in 1906 over 15 per cent., or 1,985,889 net tons, was washed at the mines, washeries having been installed at 11 mines. These 11 washeries operated 38 jigs, and the operations resulted in the production of 1,753,537 net tons of washed coal and 282,352 tons of refuse. These statistics do not include the coal washed for coke making at plants located at a distance from the mines. toe The E. H. Mumford Company, Philadelphia, Pa., man- ufacturer of molding machines, announces that it has taken the exclusive agency for the Bonvillain-Ronceray universal system of machine molding, including the hy- draulic power molding machines of the French firm; also its rapid and inexpensive method of making strip- ping plate patterns, as well as its cliché process for pat- terns which are not stripped. The Bonvillain-Ronceray system was described in The Iron Age of June 6, in the reproduction of a paper by BE. Ronceray, read before the Philadelphia convention of the American Foundrymen’s Association in May. The New England Foundrymen’s Association will have an outing at the Squantum Club, Providence, R. I., Au- gust 15, under the management of Providence members. sa a calle BS cL 288 The Wedge Ore Roasting Furnace. An improved furnace for roasting pyrites fines, sul- phuret ores, zinc blende and for chloridizing and chlorina- tion, designed by Utley Wedge, is built and sold by the Pennsylvania Salt Mfg. Company, Philadelphia, Pa. This furnace, a sectional view of which is given herewith, is of the well-known McDougal type, but has several new features. One of the most important is the hollow re- volving central vertical shaft, which has a diameter of 4 ft., and affords access to the center of the furnace. This shaft is of steel, protected from the flames by an exterior covering of brick, which revolves with the shaft. The bricks are supported on cast iron rings riveted to the vertical shaft at the levels of the furnace floors, where TO STACK AIR OUTLET TO DRIER ; j : | i : ; j | Cross Section cf the Wedge Ore Roasting Furnace Built by the Pennsylvania Salt Mfg. Company, Philadelphia. they protect the brick when workmen are spudding the floors. The diametrically opposite arms which revolve with the vertical shaft are bolted together in its center where the fastenings are not exposed to the furnace flames. The only machine work necessary on the arms is at the joint where they are fastened together. The hollow arms where they project into the furnace are cooled by an in- terior circulation of air delivered to them through the shaft by a fan. The air enters through openings in the under sides of the arms, just inside of the shaft shell, passes to the outer extremities under an interior dia- phragm, then back over the latter and out through the tops of the arms inside of the shaft. The outlets are con- nected by standpipes, so that heated air cannot enter other arms, but must pass out through the top of the ver- tical stack. A hood connects these flues, making it im- possible for air to escape from the shaft except through the arms and the attached flues. Water can be used for cooling if desired, practically the same plan being fol- lowed. If air is used, as shown in the engraving, the air is compelled to enter the vertical shaft by a hood and lute underneath the large gear at the bottom of the fur- THE IRON AGE August I, 1907 nace, the lute being sealed with water. The heated air can be exhausted from the top hood directly to the atmos- phere through a stationary vertical stack or to a louvre board dryer through a branch pipe, and dried before being led to the feed tank on the top of the furnace. The openings in the shell of the shaft through which the arms pass are made tight by cast iron lutes filled with fine asbestos, and inasmuch as an air pressure of a few ounces is maintained on the interior of this shaft, should any leakage occur around the arms its course would be from the shaft to the combustion chambers. No machine work on the arms is necessary to make a tight joint. The rabble blades are fitted into holders on the arms, as shown in the illustration. They may be readily re- moved from the holders by reaching in from the exterior of the furnace through doors provided for that purpose, and can be slid from the fastenings by a hook. In classes of work where the rabble blades and holders, which may be removed together, do not corrode, only the blade re- quires to be replaced when worn out, while the holder can be maintained in service for a long time. The ar- rangement of the rabble blades is an improvement over an earlier one invented by Mr. Wedge, in which the blade and holder were one casting. This later method, where a new blade alone is required, obviously reduces the ex- pense of repairs. The vertical shaft of the furnace, together with the arins, is entirely supported by roller bearings underneath the furnace, so that only a pin is required at the center and the customary step bearing is not necessary. Six heavy rollers carry the weight, and the shaft and arms are rotated by a bevel gear drive. The driving pinion is loose on the shaft, but is compelled to rotate with it by pins, which shear off before any mechanical part of the furnace can be subjected to sufficient strain to do damage. The power required under normal operation is so small that a shear pin 3-16 in. in diameter is sufficient to rotate the furnace under full load. The outer shell of the fur- nace is 14-in. steel, and is constructed of eight vertical sheets, with no horizontal seams; the vertical seams are doubly riveted with %-in. rivets. This form of shell has been adopted to overcome the tendency of the shell to bulge, and thereby permit any part of the furnace to fall. In furnaces of this type there is often a loss in ca- pacity where material is fed in at the top at one point only, and usually but one-third of the top floor is utilized in consequence. In the Wedge furnace the material is fed into the top at a number of different points. For a furnace 20 ft. in diameter six feed spouts are used, so that the material is evenly distributed. Four short arms are attached to the vertical shaft above the top arch of the furnace in an annular bin into which the material is first introduced. Here it is evenly spread out by plow blades attached to the short arms. On each arm there is a knocker which successively engages each of the six feeders, as shown in the engraving, thus momentarily opening the feed valves, which are closed again by a counterbalance after the arm passes. The plow blades which immediately follow shove more ma- terial into the spouts, keeping them sealed against the escape of gas from the furnace. As the material roasted works down through the fur- nace alternately from and toward the center on suc- ceeding floors, it is met by the ascending current of air and combustion gas, as in other furnaces of this type. Under certain conditions this tends to flux the material as it passes through the drop holes in the floors, causing it to clog and accumulate. To readily remove these ob- structions the furnace is provided with poke holes through which the drop holes can conveniently be kept open and clean. The drop holes near the center of the furnace are always accessible through the larger doors, while those on the top floor can be reached from poke holes in the roof. The capacity of the 20-ft. furnace, when roasting sul- phuret ores under the conditions that prevail at the Western smelters, is from 70 to 85 tons per 24 hr. The capacity of the same furnace roasting pyrites fines under the conditions necessary for the manufacture of sulphuric acid by the Chamber process is from 12 to 18 tons in 24 hr., according to the sulphur content of the August I, 1907 fines. This unusually large capacity is secured by utiliz- ing the full capacity of the top floor of the furnace, and making the furnace of large diameter. The large diameter of the central shaft gives such a convenient and substantial means of securing the arms in the shaft that the objections to a furnace of large diameter are removed, and although the area of the shaft with its brick work is 15 sq. ft., the additional area secured in the remainder of the furnace, if it is 4 ft. greater in diameter than ordinarily, is 113 sq. ft. for each floor of the furnace; and as the furnace has seven floors the total area of a 20-ft. furnace of this type is nearly 1800 sq. ft. It therefore has four to five times the area and capacity of the McDougal furnace used in the Southern States, and from 30 to 50 per cent. greater capacity than the McDougal furnace used in the Western smelters. The advantages of this large capacity are apparent when the following features are considered : A plant of 10 12-ft, furnaces, for example, would require a building approximately 114 ft. long by 53 ft. wide, if they were placed in two parallel rows. The same capacity could be secured by two of these large furnaces, which, allowing for ample clearance on all sides, would call for a house 69 ft. long by 44 ft. wide. The saving in the cost of the building should offset the additional cost of the larger furnace. Also the centralizing of the work in the larger fur- nace greatly simplifies the economical handling of the material to and from the furnaces. Where these large furnaces have been installed the handling of the ma- terial has been accomplished with great economy as compared with the cost of installing and operating appli- ances for handling the material to a large number of units. When it is further considered that this furnace is claimed to suffer less loss of capacity by reason of stoppages than the smaller and more lightly constructed furnaces at present in use, there appears to be little in favor of the small units, One of these furnaces is stated to have ample capac- ity to operate a set of acid chambers of 200,000 cu. ft. capacity. A test was recently made of two of these fur- naces when in operation roasting cuprous iron pyrites fines, in connection with the manufacture of sulphuric acid. The furnaces tested were 20 ft. in diameter and each furnace was roasting at the time 12 tons in 24 hr., or 24 tons for the two furnaces, and the power consumed by the two furnaces was only 3 hp. One No. 6 Sturte- vant fan was used for circulating air through the arms of the furnaces and required 5 hp. more. The inventor of this furnace, Utley Wedge, was also the originator of the application of the muffle principle to the furnaces of the McDougal type, and some years ago was allowed very broad claims covering the application of this principle. One form of the furnace is similar to that illustrated, except that it has only one working floor and a muffle both above and below this floor. This style of furnace has been constructed 32 ft. in diameter, and has a capacity when used for chloridizing ore of from 75 to 80 tons in 24 hr. This furnace has also been used in the chloridizing of cuprous ore. Most of the de- tails of its construction are similar to that of the 20-ft. seven-floor furnace described, except that the arms are cooled with water instead of air. This furnace con- struction is protected by patents in Germany, England, Belgium, Norway, Sweden, France, United States and other countries. —qsD>- eo __ In a recently published description of the mineral de- posits it controls in northern Virginia the Appalachian Conduit Company, Washington, D. C., refers to that por- tion of its lands containing brown hematite ore. The ore measures, it is said, start near the Harrisonburg branch of the Southern Railway, crossing its Bluemont division and extending to the Potomac River, in the County of Loudoun, opposite Washington Junction. To reach the ores it would be necessary to build a railroad north from Harrisonburg, the southern end of the deposits being 4 miles distant. The ores are said to carry 45 per cent. metallic iron and to exist in lenticular pockets of vary- THE IRON AGE 289 ing extent. he district is about a mile wide and 30 miles long. In the early forties ores from this district were transported as much as 25 miles in wagons to fur- naces. Mention is made of the existence in the same dis- trict of a large body of alumina silicates carrying a small percentage of calcium and represented as proving satisfactory as a flux. — Dr. Day Is Relieved. Dr. David T. Day, chief of the Division of Mining and Mineral Resources of the United States Geological Survey, has been relieved of duty at his own request to enable him to devote his time to the preparation of the report on the petroleum resources of this country for the United States government. Dr. Day has always been closely in- terested, as a chemist and a statistician, in the petroleum industry and will now devote all his energies to it. Dr. Day graduated from the Johns Hopkins University in 1881. His graduation thesis was on the question of petroleum. Five years later he became the chief of the Mining and Mineral Resources Division, and he has re- mained in this department continuously for 21 years. Dr. Day’s most important work, perhaps, since he en- tered the service of the government, has been as com- piler of the mineral resources of the United States. This work he took up in 1885, and he has been at the desk ever since. During the World’s Fair, at Chicago, in 1893, Dr. Day was in charge of the petroleum exhibits. At the Paris Exposition he also had charge of the petroleum exhibit. At nearly all of the expositions in this country and abroad during the last 15 years he has been sent as representative of the United States government and the Geological Survey. He was honorary commissioner of mining at the Lewis and Clark Exposition at Portland, Ore., during the summer of 1905, and was active also in connection with the mining exhibit at the Jamestown exhibition. Edward W. Parker has been designated as his successor with the title of Statistician in Charge. Mr. Parker, who is a native of Texas, has been in the service for 16 years, and has been conspicuously identified with the coal and coke in- dustry. He was a member of the Anthracite Coal Com- mission. The order issued by George Otis Smith, the director of the Survey, states “The plan of co-ordinating administrative control and scientific supervision adopted in the Division of Geology and Paleontology has proved so satisfactory that it seems advisable to extend it further in the Geologic Branch. At the present time two sections will be established in the Division of Mining and Mineral Resources to provide for such scientific supervision of the work of the division. “1. Metalliferous ores, except iron, in charge of Wal- demar Lindgren. “2. Non-metalliferous minerals, and iron, in charge of BE. W. Parker. “Mr. Lindgren’s connection with the work of this division has already contributed much to the increased value of the report, and the new form of organiza- tion here outlined is merely the recognition of an actual condition. “The section chiefs are expected to confer freely in planning for the work of the division, and for the execu- tion of these plans, as approved by me, Mr. Parker as the administrative chief will be responsible.” ———»+-e—______ It is now officially announced that the Subway exten- sion from the Battery, New York, to the Borough Hall in Brooklyn, will be ready for operation in October. The work of bringing back to true grade the parts of the tube under the East River which were flattened for want of proper support has been completed, and the weak spots in the tunnel have been strengthened by piling be- neath the tubes. Practically all that now remains of the tunnel work is the cleaning out of the tubes. 290 THE A New Mueller Radial Drill. The mechanical means for changing speeds and feeds interest in the new radial drill built by the Mueller Machine Tool Company, Cincinnati. Ohio. changes of automatic feed to each spindle speed, any of which can be instantly obtained while the constant speed driving pulley is in motion. It is claimed that the changes are made without noise or shock, and being en- tirely gear driven they are positive. The two long levers shown in front of the speed box in the general view, Fig. 1, control four changes of speed, and to prevent dental misuse of these handles they are interlocked by the small locking lever between them, so that it is possi- ble to move only one lever at a time from its neutral position. A sectional view is given in Fig. box, showing the gears, shafts and friction clutches. The are the features of most There are 24 changes of spindle speed and eight 2 of the gear latter are operated by the long levers referred to and cause the driving shaft to drive the which in turn drives the upper shaft The small lever on the right side of the speed box is used to bring the gears a, Bb and c in mesh with the gears d, e and f, respectively, on the intermediate shaft, and three more changes of speed are obtained for each speed of the first driven shaft, making 12 changes of speed pos- sible up to this point. This range is doubled by throwing the back gears in or out, which are located on top of the intermediate shaft, in the speed box. Fig. 3.--Top View of the Spindle Kig. 1 Feeding Mechanism. column, and are operated by the lever shown at the base of the column in Fig. 1. This lever is also used to bring the gear on the center shaft in mesh with the gear on the elevating screw when required. When the elevating screw is reversed while lowering the arm the gears a and g (Fig. 2) in the speed box are engaged without any in- termediate gear, which causes the upper shaft in the speed box to reverse at an increased speed. The column is in one piece, is bolted to the base and does not revolve. It is of heavy section throughout and is reinforced by four inside webs extending its entire length, making it capable of resisting the heavy strains IRON A New AGE August I, [907 imposed, particularly when the arm is at the top of the column the spindle at the outer end of the arm. The arm is of hollow rectangular section, stiffened by an upper brace close to the face carrying the spindle head and a lower brace almost diagonally opposite. near the rear face. It will be appreciated that this provides ad- mirably for resisting upward pressure of the spindle the Mueller Machine Too! Ohio. 4-ft. Radial Drill Built by Cincinnati, Company, h, COLUMN e Speed Box Gearing in the New Mueller Radial I when drilling, by preventing twisting of the arm. <A top cap resting on roller bearings supports the arm, and both may be swung completely around the column or instantly locked in any position by binder levers. The arm is lowered at almost three times the elevating speed by a screw having ball thrust bearings. The spindle is of crucible steel and is ground. It is counterbalanced, has quick advance and return and pro- vision for taking up wear. For tapping it is stopped, started and reversed by the long lever shown in front of the head, which operates two self-adjusting noiseless friction clutches that located on back of the head. + are August I, 1907 At such times it is impossible to accidentally engage the automatic lever This guards breaking taps, as does also an adjustable gauge nut, which causes feed. against the spindle to slip when a tap reaches the bottom of a hole. A positive automatic feed for the drill spindle when high speed drills and reamers are in use, or a friction feed may be The change from one to the other is easily made by simply turning a nut. An ingenious mechanism, shown in Fig 3, accomplishes the changing of feeds. A round plate having eight circles of steel pins is located above thé spindle gear, and the pins engage with a steel involute toothed pinion, feathered on a horizonta] shaft, which carries a worm to transmit the feeding movement. The speed of this shaft is varied by means of a knob below the lower hand wheel. This knob rod which extends through the feed shaft, and has teeth cut on engage is provided used when desirable. is fastened to a of the vertical upper end to center its The No. 40 Motor Driven Grinder Built by C. H. with a sliding rack and move the steel pinion into en- gagement with any desired circle of pins for fast or slow feed. These eight changes of feed may be quickly made while the drill is at work. The upper worm wheel has a split hub, and by means of a ring nut can be locked to the vertical feed shaft for positive feed, or slightly re- leased if friction feed be required. The automatic trip is provided with a safety stop, which prevents the feeding of the spindle after it reaches the limit of its travel. A graduated bar on the counter- balance weight is set to zero when the drill enters the work, and by means of several adjustable dogs on the bar the feed may be tripped as often as desired; these do not interfere with the spindle travel. The feed can also be tripped by a lever on the vertical feed rod. Letters and numbers cast near the various levers on the machine indicate to the operator what levers to move and in what direction to move them for proper speeds, which are given on a bronze plate fastened to the arm. steensinshaciicaliaiilla hci ig The American Refractories Company has established its general sales office in the Commercial National Bank Building, Chicago, Ill. Through this office the sales for THE IRON AGE G 29 its silica brick, as well as the fire brick of the Olive Hill Fire Brick Company for the Central West, will be made M. Allen, vice-president and general manager of the American Refractories Company, under the management of FE. sales of the and J. H. who will also be located at this office. Cavender, agent same company, >-o The Besly No. 40 Plain Motor Driven Grinder. disk grinders ever No. 40, with 26-in, disk wheels, as made by Charles H. Besly & Co., Chicago, Ill. It is driven by a 20-hp. General Electric direct cur- rent motor, which in itself weighs 1 ton. The weight of the complete machine, including motor and accessories, is 3800 Ib., and the operating floor space required 5 x 7 ft. With the four diameter patent spiral floor setting up to the the largest motor driven built is the one illustrated herewith, a One of about machine are furnished 26-in. disks, a paper grooved press for applying emery cloth or circles Besly & Co., Chicago. disks, Helmet cement for securing the circles to the disks, Helmet oil, glue pots, brushes, wrenches, &c., and a com- plete assortment of Helmet spiral paper and cloth circles of a suitable grade for the work to be ground. Tables of the adjustable tilting type used on the other Besly grind- fitted to this machine, at end. The tables have vertical adjustment and may be tilted from 10 to 45 degree angles. <A controller and starting box is placed in the base of the machine and may be reached by opening the door shown in the illustration, The speed of the machine may be varied according to the metal to be ground. ers are one each For general work 1200 rey, per min. is recoin- mended. - >-o Iron mines are to be developed at Waukon, a small Prairie du Wis. The Louis Iron Company has put a force of men at work excavating for foundations for tour large roasters and a 400-hp. engine. The mile of the village of Waukon Junction on the tracks of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St Paul Railroad. Estimates by experts place the amount of ore in sight at 75,000,000 tons, and it is said to run well up in metallic iron. town near Chien, St. location is a west 292 The George N. Pierce Company’s Gas Plant. BY DR. OSKAR NAGEL. Cold producer gas after being purified is suitable for heating purposes in the arts where only moderate tempera- tures are necessary. If high temperatures are to be obtained the combustion air and the producer gas hereto- TASH window Fig. 1.—Plan of the Producer and Acme Gas Plants in the Geo. N. WATER INLET S OAL HOPPER or To a WATER INLET /THERMOSTAT yf Ge a (op + ied ° Cc A = WET >| scrRuBBER ie ( GENERATOR » r<—] FROM BLOWER —o = a | a AS in ST | Ce O 4 get : Fig. 2.—Developed Elevation of the fore have had to be either preheated or supplied under high pressure. Now a new scheme has been developed for increasing the thermal value of producer gas by en- riching it with hydrocarbons, raising the heat in a cubic foot of the gas from 130 to 160 B.t.u. The enriching is done by blowing the producer gas through distillate, as in the Acme gas system of the Industrial Gas Company of New York. An extremely interesting plant of this kind is in operation at the new automobile factory of the George N. Pierce Company, Buffalo, N. Y. THE IRON Equipment Furnished by AGE August I, 1907 The plant, shown in plan in Fig. 1 and in diagram- matic or developed elevation in Fig. 2, consists of two gas producer sets, each comprising a generator, saturator, wet scrubber and dry scrubber, and one Acme gas out- fit, containing three generators, which hold the distillate, and four gas tanks, which serve as drip tanks. Generator No. 3 of the Acme gas plant is used for enriching the producer gas, which after the enrichment is called Acme the generators Nos. 1 and 2 air is producer gas. In Pierce Company's Factory. ACME PRODUCER GAS TO FACTORY 3% GAUGE LIne 4 . i 7 ry ee Ae A (<_— 2) a-—-pe6-mr me GAS MERCURY GAS \“¢ x G TO FACTOR i PRESSURE GAUGE \ Ge 3 i onnennntieentienstl aeons ES Sone rm dA mA) 1 EQUALIZATION Ms a oe a LINE = 4 A ET . — He fA “TO ean TORY PILOT LIGHT AND MANTEL BURNER In BOX WITH SCREW FRONT AND ASBESTOS LINING. 4 ! Ey | atti OlL SUCTION FROM SMALL TANK rica FOOT VALVE AT BOTTOM the Industrial Gas Company, New York. blown through the distillate, forming plain Acme gas, which is rich in hydrocarbons and of high thermal value. This gas is used for such work as requires an extremely high, quick and local heat. The producer gas is formed in the generator A, travels through the saturator B, where it preheats the steam and air supplied to the generator, goes then through the wet scrubber C, where the main impurities are washed out, passes next through the dry scrubber D, where the last traces of dust and tar are removed, and finally is passed August I, 1907 by the blower E to the oil generator F, where it is en- riched by going through heated distillate. Finally the Acme producer gas is led through the drip tank G to the furnaces. The Acme gas is made by blowing air through heated distillate contained in generator I. For further enrich- ment the gas so obtained is led through generator H, which also contains distillate. The Acme gas now goes through the drip tanks G,, G, and G, to the furnaces. As can be seen from Fig. 2, it is also possible to connect the generators I and F for the purpose of making Acme gas, instead of using the combination of generators H and I. The gas is used in the Pierce factory principally in the case hardening department and brazing department. The furnaces used in the case hardening department are the standard types made by the American Gas Furnace Company. There are in operation two case hardening furnaces with 12 burners each, two case hardening fur- naces with six burners each, one case hardening furnace with six burners, one oil tempering furnace with one burner, one cyanide hardening furnace and eight lead hardening furnaces. Enriched producer gas is used in all of these furnaces. In the brazing department pipes, gear casings and other automobile parts are brazed. For this work the plain Acme gas is used, being applied by means of blow torches. The Pierce Company is also using gas in its adjustable tire heaters and for heating soldering irons and for melt- ing Babbitt. The entire gas plant was designed, erected and put in operation by the Industrial Gas Company, Flat Iron Building, New York City. —— — ~9 eo The Malterner Hand Shaper. Machine shops with power have so monopolized the thought of machine tool designers that very little atten- tion has been given to improving means for hand work, A Hand Driven Shaper Designed by S. N. Malterner, Canton, | a and as a result hand operations are performed in about the same way now that they have been for generations. No one heretofore has seemd to think of anything better than the cold chisel and file, short of some power driven tool. The simple device illustrated, a hand operator shaper, is therefore deserving of mention as practically the first attempt made to better the conditions in the small repair shops where power is not available. In con- THE IRON AGE 293 ceiving the idea, the inventor, S. N. Malterner, Canton, N. Y., deserves most credit, for when the machine itself is analyzed there will be seen to be nothing remarkable or radically new in its mechanism. It is simply a sensible combination of perfectly well known mechanical princi- ples, and the illustration tells the whole story. Except for the drive it is merely a compact shaper of the usual pattern reduced to its simplest form. A com- pletely rotary motion of the driving shaft is not neces- sary; in fact, it would be undesirable, so the reciprocat- ing ram movement is effected in the most direct way by meshing a segment gear on the operating shaft with a rack on the underside of the ram. The down feed of the tool is by the usual screw, and is independent of the stroke, but the cross feed of the table is connected, so that an adjustable automatic feed is given the table dur- ing the operation of the hand lever. Naturally the tool will find its greatest usefulness in garages, toolrooms, steamship engine rooms, roundhouses and bicycle or other repair shops, although it is not with- out its value in almost any machine shop on certain small work. It does the work of a powerful machine. It perhaps is somewhat slower, but that disadvantage might easily be offset by a saving of time if it were nec- essary to carry the work to another department where power tools are installed, or if all of the latter were otherwise occupied. The accuracy of the machine was determined in a test in which a strip 7 in. long was cut with parallel edges; in this length there was a variation of only 0.0005 in. from true parallelism. A considerable lever- age is given, and still this tool requires less labor than