The Iron Age 1907-05-02: Vol 79 Iss 18

THE IRON AGE Published every Thursday Moraing by David Williams Co. 14-16 Park Place, New York. Vol. 79: No. 78. New York, Thursday, May 2, 1907 ingot Reading Matter Contents -pege 1378), - eee RENNES Alphabetical ! A i “ cose. = Remington Autoloading Rifle © a \ Advertising and Subscription Rates‘ 1406 Compression Shaft Couplings Manufactured by FORSTER PULLEY ; ‘ Comparison Invited ove WORKS Cuba, N.Y. WE want each buyer in America, whether he has a thorough knowledge of fire arms or not, to compare point by point the new Remington Autoloading Rifle with any other competing gun in the market. An intelligent comparison will mean a sub The American Mfg. Co. stantial order for these new rifles if you sell in a big game market. The Remington is eat and Twines absolutely safe—solid breech, hammerless, breec h locked until barrel goes forward after its recoil and bullet has left gun. It is powerful—.35 calibre, has 200 grain bullet, 2000 65 Wall Street, New York feet velocity, 1776 foot pounds striking force (muzzle energy); loads itself—no slide or lever to work. Is Take-Down model, shoots five times by simply pulling the trigger, loads quickly with a clip, has easy trigger pull and is made in .35, .30-30 and .32 Remington THE BRISTOL COMPANY | calibre. a Waterbury, Coun., U.S.A. Chicago: 168 Monadnock Bia cago : onadnos &. “ ‘otal : Rem ton Arms Com Bristol's Recording Instruments eming Company, — p T Agency, Llion, N. Y. Sales Office, For Pressure, Temperature | 2); Broadway, 515 Market Street, and Electricity. | New York City San Francisco, Cal Simple, Accurate, Reliable. 5 : > All Ranges, Low Prices, and Guar- —— avteed. Send for Catalog R. SAMSON SPOT CORD WATER TUBE O64e Babcock @ Wilcox Co. BOILERS See page 67 “" pa en ttalogues and extensive advertising behind this t} Pun. Also Linen and Italian Hemp Sash Cord See page 223. SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS, Boston, Mass.|| $6 KEEP YOUR STOCK MOVING »9 TUORNBUCKLERS Se a Branch Office, 11 Broadway. New York. The demand for “ Capewell”’ horse nails far Cleveland City Forge and tron Co., - Cleveland, O. exceeds that for any other brand Our salesmen aid in moving your stock. The constant activity in ‘‘The Capewell”’ market insures prompt returns. INVEST IN “‘“CAPEWELL” NAILS AND TURN YOUR MONEY OVER OFTEN. DROP HAMMER BROS. BROOKLYN mY MERRILL 2 Made bp SSE: ggg FOUNDRY IRON. Pilling & Grane *=sm=s 03 The Capewell Horse Nail Co. “ccn2t* Empire Bld., New York COVER YOUR ROOF JENKINS BROS. VALVES ith do not require constant regrinding. When necessary to repair, a new Disc wit will usually make the valve as good as new. /enkins Discs are inexpensive, and can be readity applied by any one without taking valve from the pipe. M ( All parts interchangeable. Write for booklet. . e All genuine bear Trade Mark as shown in cut. R OO f 1 n gr 7 : n JENKINS BROS., New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago. If you want your house doubly "" pwedoh” Cold Rolled 5(eel tt Drawing ‘m damping : : HE AMERICAN TUBE & STAMPING COMPA SEE protected against hre, storm (Weter and Rad Delivery) Brrperrort, Com. 23 and the ravages of time. i: MAGNOLIA META L Best Anti-Friction Metal for all Machinery Bearing. See Fac-Simile of Bar. AMERICAN ce SHEET & TIN PLATE a> imitations. COMPANY’S NS MAGNOLIA METAL CO. oe San Francisco, Montreal and Pittsburg. Owners and Sole Manufacturers. 113-115 Bank Street We manufacture all i é 2 . " grades of Barbitt Ad. on Page 16. Chicayo, Fischer oldg. NEW YORK. Metals at competitive prices. In the manufacture of our Bright Charcoal and Roofing Tin Plate We have combined the best and most approved methods of the Welsh mills of 30 years ago — at which period they were producing such excel- lent tin plate — with the mod- ern, up-to-date machinery, equipment and facilities of the present day. As a result of this combination, we are producing TIN PLATES LOOK WELL | WORK WELL WEAR WELL we use nothing but HAMMERED OPEN HEARTH as a base. Follansbee Bros. Co. PITTSBURGH IRON AGE - THE BRASS. COPPER GERMAN (“"*, SILVER | WIRE LOW BRASS, SHEET BRONZE, SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, BRAZED BRASS AND BRONZE TUBING : +: : : WATERBURY BRASS CO., WATERBURY, CONN. 99 John St., New York. Providence, R. I. Bridgeport Deoxidized Bronze & Metal Co. BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Phosphor and Deoxidized Bronze aa SHEET ROD WIRE Composition, Yellow Brass and Alumi- num Castings, large and small Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., LA SALLE, ILLINOIS. SMELTERS OF SPELTER AND MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC ACID Special Sizes of Zine cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates. Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lithographers’ use. Selected Sheets for Paper and Card Makers’ use. Stove and Washboard Blanks. ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. EAN nee PAE TEE 105-109 So.Jefferson St. , Chicago. ALG URI TUL aC UME NTO VETTEL Meda SBMA GERMAN SILVER | The Seymour Mfg. Co., HENDRICKS NICKEL ANODES BRASS, BRONZE, and GOPPER - = Seymour, Conn. BROTHERS PROPRIETORS OF THE Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, MANUFACTUKKKS OF Brazsicrs’ Bolt and Sheathing COPPER, SoOorPribimnRrh wiRE AND "RIVETS, Importers and Dealers in Ingot Copper, Block Tin, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, etc. 49 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK. The Plame & Atwood Mfg. Co. MANUFACTURERS OF Sheet anaRollBrass WIRE Printers’ Brass, Jewelers’ Metal, German Sliver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burrs. - - - Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kerosene Burners, Lamps, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 279 Broadway, NEW YORK. Room 508 Heyworth ae East Madi- son St., CHICAGO, ILL. Rolling Mill: THOMASTON, CONN. SCOVILL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Factories : WATERBURY, CONN. BRASS, GERMAN SILVER, Sheets, Rolls, Wire Rods, Bolts and Tubes, Brass Shells. Cups, Hinges, Buttons, Lamp Goods. Special Brass Goods to Order. Facrorizs : WATERBURY, CONN. D EPOTS NEW YORK. CHICAGO. BOSTON. Henry Souther Engineering Co. HARTFORD, CONN. Consulting Chemists, Metallur- gists and Analysts. Complete Physical Testing Laboratory. Expert Testimony in Court and Patent Cases. Arthur Rutter & 00. 256 Broadway NEW YORK Small tubing in Brass, Copper, Steel, Aluminum, German Silver, &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and Ger- man Silver. Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire. Brazed and Seamless Brass and Copper Tube. Copper and Brass Rod. WIRE. “IT'S TOUGH." TROLLEY, TELEPHONE TELEGRAPH LINES. BRIDGEPORT BRASS COMPANY, Postal Telecare bh B Broadway. and Mu Ps ‘+ = York. PHOSPROR- BRONZE GERINGN SILVER rHE RIVERS'IDE METAL CO. RIVERSIDE, W.). Mills Bridgeport onn. THE IRON AGE New York, Thursday, May 2, 1907. An Example of Recent Factory Construction. The Automobile Works of the White Company, Cleveland, Ohio. BY ROBERT I. CLEGG. The parent stem of the White Company of Cleveland, Ohio, is the White Sewing Machine Company, which has been engaged in the manufacture of sewing machines for somewhere in the neighborhood of 35 years. When the bicycle furore was strong the factory was engaged also in the production of these machines. That branch of the business was disposed: of before the popular interest in the “wheel” had waned. For a half dozen years the r +) ELEVATOR +--+} ——_+— ' $ + ASSEMBLING + + + t D AND TESTING + + + t DEPARTMENTS + £ ai + +-——— 1 - + DEPARTMENT = So 2 ce uw - n ° x a pa + + + + REGULATION + + DEPARTMENT plant a year ago. The site is close to the entrance to Gordon Park, and two rows of fine elms line out an attractive avenue along the eastern side of the company’s property. The main line of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad Company’s system bounds the tract on the north and a spur track leads directly to the factory. Some of the work is still done at the old plant, but there are ample facilities at the new shops and additional BOILER HOUSE posed | ENGINE ROOM | EPARTMENT ) rr + + 4+ + PAINTING = 2 a + “> + + - + | EXPERIMENTING 7 t t POLISHING ROC HARDENING DEPARTMENT BLACKSMITH SHOP SAW-TOOTH ROOFED PASSAGE WAY, WITH CRANE RUNWAY RECEIVING GARAGE FOR FACTORY TRUCKS ERECTING + + EQUIPMENT + + ADMINISTRATION || AXLE + + 4 BUILDING SCALE OF FEET Fig. 1.-—Plan of the New Automobile Works of the White Company, Cleveland, Ohio. plant has had the important addition of that variety of automobile which is manufactured under the patents of Rollin H. White. The machines built in the season just passed reached the very respectable total of 1500. Obvi- ously the imposition of this load on the manufacturing facilities of the old plant rendered further developments absolutely necessary. Accordingly a site of some 30 acres was secured immediately adjacent to the magnifi- cent city park system and about 3 miles east of the “ Square,” or nominal center of the downtown business section of Cleveland. Ground was broken for the new space for future extensions is provided. In all about 1000 men are employed. At the present time there are four main buildings and a power house. An administration building, six stories high and 90 x 220 ft., will stand between two of the factory units now in use. The engineering depart- ment is temporarily accommodated in what will later become the fourth of the long locker rooms—one for each building. The office force is necessarily divided and one section is installed for the present in a factory department, while another is at the company’s downtown 1330 headquarters. Fig. 1 gives the situation plan of the works and indicates the various departments. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the front or Seventy-ninth street side of building E. Features of Construction, The factory structures are units of single story, saw tooth design. Their pleasing uniformity contributes much to the general effect of the plant, and coherence in the assembled buildings will be preserved in additions required in the future. Another pair of factory units can find a place at the south of the present buildings, and four such additions may be placed in the northern por- tion of the property. The structures as at present in operation have a frontage of over 600 ft. at the Seventy- THE IRON AGE May 2, 1907 several units are designed to preserve a certain indi- viduality and are separate the one from the other. The space between the buildings leaves a court or alley 30 ft. wide, and this is covered with a saw tooth roof 21 ft. 7 in. in the clear. This 600-ft. corridor or main artery of the factory system is spanned by a traveling crane 17 ft. 7 in. above the floor. The floor is of concrete and has a slight pitch from the sides to the center in order to care for drainage. While the various buildings draw their supplies quite largely from the basement warehouse under each of them, the court or corridor serves admira- bly for the transit under cover of material in process of manufacture, for the reception of factory raw material, &e. The frequent use of the corridor for the passage of Fig. 2—Front Elevation of Building E, on East Seventy-ninth Street, N. E. STONE COPING™. _ STONE >= scesinittiaiiieaciianania 2 20'T_ 65% BUILT IN WALL ___ SKYLIGHT | WHEEL GUARD | t pte a a = | STEEL SO - - ; 10” SCALE OF FEET THE IRON AGE Fig. 4.—Part Elevation of Wall of Building H on the Side of 30-Ft. Passage, Also Secticn of Locker Rooms on Second Floor. ninth street side. Each of the factory buildings has a basement 60 ft. wide and running the entire length of the building. The buildings are of brick, with stone coping and trimming and a roof of slate. A light framework of steel supports the roof on iron columns and the ceiling is laid on metal laths. The several departments in each build- ing are separated by sheet metal partitions. These do not extend the entire distance from floor to roof, but are topped with a wire screen. In the testing department and in the basements, as well as other places where oil and water may be thrown about the flooring, concrete is employed, but in many of the factory departments the floor is laid with maple. The shops appear abundantly proof against all fire risks and the company carries its own insurance. As will be seen from an inspection of the plans the automobiles and their examination and adjustment pre- vents the accumulation of stock or junk, and the con- venience of the arrangement would readily appeal to any manager. The entrances to the respective departments and the stairs leading to the locker rooms and drafting department—four long second-story rooms adjoining the 30-ft. court—are all at the level of this passageway, and it is so arranged with reference to the other sections of the plant that no one can visit any locker room without the knowledge and permission of his foreman. Fig. 3 presents an elevation of the wall at the end of the 30-ft. passageway and of the second-story locker rooms on either side. Fig. 4 is an elevation, for the most part in section, of the side wall of the corridor and gives a longitudinal section of the locker rooms of building H. Lavatory and toilet facilities are of modern finish, in porcelain, nickel and slate. The shop drinking fountains May 2, 1907 are of the cupless type, a jet of water springing up from a porcelain stand. A complete installation of these com- fort quarters is provided in the center of each of the main buildings. The toilet provisions in the automatic machine room are shown in Fig. 5. Washing facilities and lunch tables are provided in the locker rooms. Every foreman has a comfort room equipped with lavatory and toilet facilities near the entrance to each department. THE IRON AGE 1331 The electric illumination is also noteworthy. Each of the four main buildings has its own transformer, the voltage being changed thereby from 440 to 110. These transformers are of 50 kw. capacity. In the 30-ft. space between any four of-the roof supporting columns is a cord box attached to the ceiling. Each cord box has from two to six sockets, and all are in communication with the transformer of the individual buildings. The Gem in- Fig. 5.—Lavatory and Toilet in Automatic Machine Room. Tae eli Fig. 6.—One of the Men's Locker Rooms. Fig. 6 gives a view in one of the locker rooms before the lockers were installed. Skylights and Electric Lighting. The lighting of the plant is excellently contrived. The main buildings are 12 ft. in the clear, with the sup- porting columns of the roof framework 30 ft. from center to center. The roof members are of light construction and interfere but little with the flood of light through the spacious area of glass overhead. The skylight has a northerly exposure. In each saw tooth it is some 13 ft. wide and extends the whole of the distance across each factory unit. Fig. 7, a view of the axle department, illus- trates the excellence of the provision for light. candescent lamps have ribbed glass reflectors. Every 30-ft. section of each bay has one or more of these lamps suspended in it, but as will be seen the additional sockets available in the cord box overhead provide for a consider- able and easily obtainable increase in the supply of illuminating power. The suspension of the electric lamps is not only flexible in amount of illumination, but is effective in other respects. The cord leading to the lamp is inclosed in an iron pipe. A bracket is attached to one of the I- beams and the length of pipe slides through a hole in it. being readily adjusted for hight by a set screw. The lamp suspension over the machines has a pivoted cross — ~ ee ee Se NET = = ee - é Ps . enc Oe a ee 1332 arm at the lower end of the supporting pipe, and this enables the workmen to direct the light where most re- quired in their work. Of course the overhead bracket can be readily moved to any part of the beam that happens to be most convenient. The universal joint at the lower end of the pipe and the sliding connection with the sup- porting bracket permit each man to apply his light as he may elect. Shops are not uncommon where the unprotected wires leads to risks of fire or to the dissipation of electrical energy through leakage. The supporting cord, where the connection is made with a too convenient length of wire, may be tied close to a water, steam or gas pipe, a part of a machine or some other metal fitting. While the components of the White factory buildings are about as nearly fireproof as it seems practicable to make them, THE IRON AGE May 2, 1907 operation to another the storage spaces of the factory must be liberal indeed to keep up with the daily output of eight machines. Power Equipment. The power house is divided by a curtain wall of brick into a boiler room, 70 x 70 ft. 4 in., and an engine room, 73 ft. 4 in. by 50 ft. The boiler room has two Babcock & Wilcox boilers of 300 hp. each. These are equipped with automatic chain grate stokers. The fuel is brought in over a spur track, which passes directly over the coal pile within the building. An oval track carrying a set of buckets will electrically hoist the coal from the pile and deliver it on the grates at the boilers. At the south end of the engine room there is an 18 x 35 x 36 in. com- pound engine of 750 hp., built by the Erie City Engine Works. This is direct coupled to a 500-kw. generator of ’ THE IRGN AGE Fig. 7.—Axle Department. yet the construction is a double safeguard against undue liberties of the fluid. The overhead steel work is not only a handy means of supporting the lighting apparatus, but is also used for hanging countershafts, as well as main shafting. Many of the I-beams serve as support and trackage for small hoists, of which there is a liberal supply, as in the engine department, shown in Fig. 8. Storage Facilities. Concrete stairways lead from the basement, but for the transfer of material there are four large elevators. These have each an area of 8 x 16 ft., and will carry a load of 10,000 at a speed of 30 ft. per minute. They are operated by electric motors of 10 hp. The basements are largely used as storage for the departments of the build- ing immediately over them. Work that must be stored temporarily in its factory progress comes to a halt in the basement. The automobile bodies are of this kind. They are made of aluminum, the metal sheets being held to- gether and inclosed by frames of wood. The operations of filling, rubbing, painting, striping, varnishing, &c., re- quire from six to eight weeks and considerable time is demanded for drying. During the intermission from one the General Electric Company’s manufacture. A North- ern traveling crane of 15 tons capacity and 50-ft. span commands the engine room, and will be in requisition not only for repair work, but in the installation of future equipment. Another pair of 300-hp. boilers will be put in, and there is also to be added a 1000-kw. generator as well as a 150-kw. machine for night service. Each length of line shaft throughout the factory has its own motor, which in each case is applied at as nearly as possible midway of the line shaft it serves. About 60 motors are in use, and these range from 5 to 50 hp., some being direct connected, as in the plating apparatus vo: the polishing room and other machinery. Some Manufacturing Methods, Multiple drills are freely used in the work of the shops, the numerous holes in steam chests and cylinder covers permitting these operations to be conducted with the rapidity of many tools acting simultaneously and with jig-like accuracy. The machinery equipment also comprises many large automatics. The ball races are made up to 5 in. in diameter and cut from the solid bar. Liberal use is made of trucks of all sizes. As far as pos- sible all work is kept off the floor and on wheels. Ample May 2, 1907 as the supply appears to be, a couple of men are con- stantly engaged in making trucks. Metal racks are used for holding supplies and small parts. Natural gas is employed in the brazing operations of the blacksmith shop and the four furnaces of the hard- Baus ol ry a ay a NY Re , Se ;$ 4 id es) NaF Lhe a “4 | Y ening department. It is also used in testing and regulat- ing the thermostats that form an interesting and essen- tial part of the White automobile. A description of this device and its operation was given in the recent paper contributed by Prof. R. C. Carpenter to the American So- ciety of Mechanical Engineers, which deals also with the THE IRON AGE 1333 power plant of the White steam car. The four hardening furnaces are connected with thermocouples to a four-way plug connection and an Engelhart gauge or pyrometer, and the workman may thus readily ascertain and check the temperature of any or all of the furnaces. THE lanon Ace The workmen on the assembling floor are divided into gangs of eight. Each man takes an automobile and does the same work as the other seven in the same gang. On completing that task and starting on another lot of eight machines the men also change their series of operations and another gang assumes the work they have been doing. 1334 THE IRON AGE May 2, 1907 This rotation of work is the rule, and every man in each sentials. The body is added in another department, and gang is thus equally competent on any part of the assem- road tests are given by still another force of men. At bling room practice. the testing rack in the assembling room, shown in Fig. 9, Pe | ete i +o ee mers FP a a - el ae oe Fig. 10.—Polishing Room. Fig. 11.—Engines in Assembling Room.—As in Other Depart ments, Work Is Kept on Trucks. Assemblinz and Testing. , a hood and temporary stack are dropped over the boiler As the machines are assembled they go to the testing and pressure is applied. The testing rack has a series of rack, but stripped of everything but the power plant es- dynamos arranged along the wall, and each armature May 2, 1907 THE shaft has a pulley at both ends or is elevated on the wall and driven by countershafts. Belts from these pulleys lead to the tires on the rear wheels of the adjacent auto- mobile, which is slightly elevated above the floor, so that the wheels turn free. A bank of incandescent lamps is in circuit with the dynamo, and thus the automobile power plant can be put under test as rigorously and accurately as though it were undergoing road work, and, of course, with much greater convenience for the operative. number and brilliancy of The the lamps as the machine is IRON AGE 1335 cations of all the cities and towns, shows the rivers and the several railroads, and in a general way conveys much valuable information regarding this exceedingly busy sec- tion of the country. The Chamber of Commerce has also issued a brochure, which gives statistics relating to the quantity of materials of various kinds annually handled in the Pittsburgh District, which is taken to comprise the territory lying within a radius of 40 miles from the heart of the city to show Graphic methods of illustration are employed how Pittsburgh production and traffic compare surner-Making Machines in Foreground. Fig. 14. Steam G under test are obvious indications of the work being done by the power plant of each machine, and there is no chance for any surreptitious method to hide the actual conditions. Assuming that the machine fulfills factory demands it is forwarded to the finishing department and receives its body and complement of levers, gauges, &c. It then goes out for a road test, afterward being sent to the sales department. Figs. 10 to 14 give views in the assembling room and in the polishing, steam generator and engine departments. eS — The Chamber of Commerce, Pittsburgh, Pa., has issued a relief map of Pittsburgh, Allegheny and vicinity, which is based upon data of the United States Geological Sur- vey. The map shows the topography of the district, gives the hight of the principal elevations in feet, marks the lo- enerator Department. with totals for the United States and with foreign coun- tries. The Western Electric Company has opened a supply department in connection with its Pittsburgh business, with headquarters at its new warehouse at 910 River avenue, Allegheny, near the north end of the Sixteenth street bridge. This building is one whose erection at- tracted much attention in Pittsburgh, as it set a new mark in the building records of the city. Possession of the property was not obtained until October 5, 1906, but work was pushed day and night, and the offices were occupied February 1. It is of mill construction, consists of five stories, with a one-story shipping and receiving annex at the rear, and covers a ground space of 88 x 128 ft. ve eas bare. eee — a 1 Sr 1336 The Pennsylvania Railroad’s Locomotive Testing Plant. The locomotive testing plant exhibited by the Penn- sylvania Railroad Company at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition has been permanently installed at Altoona, Pa. Since November 19, 1906, it has been in continuous - operation, and with a force of 16 men on an average three complete tests a week have been made. Certain parts of the apparatus were in the temporary exhibit, but several important improvements have been embodied in the new plant. It is now housed in a steel and brick building and a special equipment has been installed for the coal and ash handling, the bin for ashes being direct- ly over the track used for bringing in coal. i The illustration shows the interior of the building. The floor of the laboratory is on the track level and is made in sections which can be removed by the traveling crane. The space beneath it is used for storing spare a oe ’ : bd & a RS fe fee ee ea ieee mony Interior of the Locomotive Testing Plant at Altoona, Pa., absorption brakes, supporting wheels, &c. On the same level below the main floor is the water supply apparatus for controlling the brakes. The driving wheels of the locomotive under test rest upon supporting wheels having rims shaped to correspond to a rail head, and axles ex- tended to carry absorption brakes. The turning of the driving wheels causes the supporting wheels to revolve, but these are retarded to any extent desired to impose a load on the locomotive, and the force exerted at the draw bar is measured by a traction dynamometer. The axles of the supporting wheels run in heavy pedestals secured to two cast iron bedplates parallel with the track and resting upon a concrete foundation. These bedplates are provided with T slots, so that the pedestals can be shifted to suit the wheel base of the engine under test. The only wheels of the locomotive which move during a test are the drivers. The wheels of the leading truck rest upon rails secured to I-beams and supported upon thesame bedplates which carry the pedestals. The wheels of the trailing truck rest upon supporting wheels (which remain stationary during the test) and are éar- ried by pedestals secured to the longitudinal bedplates. When preparing the plant to receive a locomotive, the pedestals are spaced so that a pair of supporting wheels THE IRON AGE May 2, 1907 will be directly beneath each pair of drivers. A section of special rail is next bolted to the inside faces of the supporting wheels, so that a locomotive can be backed in and the drivers will run on their flanges until in posi- tion directly over their supporting wheels. After a loco- motive is in place and its draw bar attached to the dynamometer these rails are removed, leaving the driv- ers resting upon the supporting wheels. The axle for each pair of supporting wheels carries an Alden absorption brake upon each of its overhung ends. Each of these brakes consists of two smooth cir. cular cast iron disks, keyed to the supporting wheel axle, with a thin copper diaphragm on each side of each disk secured at its periphery and also at its inner edge to a housing which does not revolve and has its bearings upon the hubs of the circular revolving disks. When the stationary housing is filled with water under pressure the copper disks are forced against the revolving disks, creating friction. The surfaces of these revolving disks ‘are continuously and uniformly lubricated and-the water Operated by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. flowing through the housing carries away the hea generated. Each brake is connected with the source of water supply and the discharge pipes by flexible hose. Valves on the discharge and supply pipes are adjusted until the individual brakes each absorb their share of the work. After this preliminary adjustment the power absorbed by all of the .brakes may be increased or decreased by operating a large valve in the supply main. Water for the brakes is taken from an elevated tank and a two- stage centrifugal pump driven by a 75-hp. electric motor delivers the water under a constant pressure of 75 Ib. per square inch to the main header, from which branch the pipes leading to the individual brakes. The water dis- charged from the brakes runs by gravity into a tank beneath the floor, from which it is forced back into the outside supply tank by a centrifugal pump driven by a 20-hp. motor. The system is designed to supply a large volume of water at low pressure when running high speed tests, the apparatus being capable of delivering 900 gal. of water per minute. The locomotive is connected to the traction dynamom- eter by an adjustable draw bar. The dynamometer may be raised and lowered to bring the draw bar horizontal May 2, 1907 for various hights of locomotive draw bar attachments. To decrease the vibration transmitted to the dynamom- eter through the draw bar two safety bars are provided between the locomotive and the dynamometer frame. At their ends these bars have universal joints, and near the dynamometer end an oil dash pot adjustable in its resistance to motion. The dynamometer is of the lever type, constructed upon the Emery principle, in which flexible steel fulcrum plates take the place of knife edges used in ordinary scales. As the levers are vertical instead of horizontal] it has been necessary in certain cases to supply two fulcrum plates with axes at right angles, one for carrying the weight of the levers and the other for transmitting the thrust. The draw bar at its end is provided with a ball and socket joint to accommodate slight motion of the engine when running. Either a pull or thrust delivered by the draw bar can be weighed by the dynamometer. The oscillating motion of the lower ends of the dynamometer levers is transformed into rotary motion of a vertical tube which revolves in ball bearings and carries with it a steel rod. The upper end of this rod is fastened to the upper end of the tube and the lower end to the frame of the machine. When the tube is rotated the rod inside of it is in torsion, which forms part of the total resistance of the machine. To the uprer end of the tube are secured two radial arms with circular ends con- centric with the tube, which through thin, steel straps translate the rotary motion of the tube into rectilinear motion of a carriage, which carries a recording pen. Over a recording table an endless strip of paper 18 in. wide is drawn mechanically, upon which a continuous record of the test is made. The paper is driven by one of the supporting wheels with such a speed reduction that when the locomotive under test travels 1 mile on the sup- porting wheels the paper moves 52.8 in., giving a scale of 100 ft. to the inch upon the diagram. A datum pen marks a continuous straight line upon the paper. A traction recording pen moves across the paper perpen- dicular to the datum line, its distance from the datum line being dependent upon the force transmitted by the drawbar from the locomotive. The maximum travel of this pen away from the datum line is 8 in., which is effected by a movement of the drawbar of only 0.04 in., the multiplication of the recording and weighing mech- anism being 200 to 1. An integrator is attached to the traction recording mechanism, so that the foot pounds of work performed by the locomotive is automatically summed up. Five addi- tional pens, electrically operated, are provided which nor- mally draw continuous straight lines. One is electrically connected with a clock, so that each second is indicated by a jog in the straight line which this pen normally draws. Another is electrically connected to a roller which is rotated by the recording paper, causing the pen to make a jog in the line for every 1000 ft. which the loco- motive travels. Still another is connected to the in- tegrator and makes a jog in its line every time the in- tegrator measures 1 sq. in. The remaining pens are used for recording such features of the test as when indicator cards are taken, &c. The dynamometer is placed further away from the locomotive than it was in St. Louis, to allow more room for the firing platform. A steel and concrete house has recently been added, which completely incloses the dynamometer and those attending its operation, thereby protecting the working parts from dirt occasioned by the handling of coal and ashes in the immediate vicinity. For handling the coal used by the locomotive a very complete plant has been installed. Bottom dumping rail- road coal cars are run in on the track beside the building and are dumped in a large hopper directly beneath the ash- bin. From this hopper the coal is carried by a bucket conveyor to two elevated reinforced concrete pockets, each having a capacity of about 50 tons. Each coal pocket is provided with a bottom cut off gate at a convenient hight above the main floor. Coal from the bins as needed is discharged through the gates into wagons holding about 1000 Ib. each, which are run over weighing scales, pushed out to the locomotive, raised by a hydraulic elevator to the firing platform and dumped. THE IRON AGE 1337 Ashes from the locomotive are discharged at the pit level, placed in a wagon, raised on the hydraulic elevator to the level of the main floor, and run into a chute lead- ing into a conveyor, delivering into the ashbin over the outside track. From there the ashes are discharged into a car run in on the track below. Water used in the locomotive boiler is taken from a supply tank located in the corner of the laboratory. The water first passes through a meter, the reading of which is used as a check upon the weighing tanks. A small motor driven centrifugal pump returns to this supply tank the overflow from the injectors used on the locomo- tive, The stack into which the locomotive discharges its smoke is a great improvement over the one originally used in St. Louis. It embodies the principle used many years ago for wood burning locomotives, but on a very much larger scale, so that the exit of gases shall be free enough not to cause smoke to go back into the building between the top of the locomotive stack and the bottom of the plant’s stack. Within the enlarged head is a de- flector for carrying the sparks to the outer portions of the casing, where they fall out of the flow of gases and drop into a hopper, from which they are eventually re- moved and weighed. The entire stack is supported upon a truck which is adjustable over a distance of 16% ft. lengthwise of the building, to bring the stack directly over the locomotive’s stack wherever the latter may hap- pen to be located when the locomotive is ready for test. The opening in the roof is provided with a hood, by which it is always closed to the weather, regardless of the posi- tion of the stack. —_o--@——__—- The Marvel No. 10 Hand Punch. A first glance at the illustration might give the im- pression that the tool represented is a multiple punch. While it contains four punches, the Marvel punch, No. 10, The Marvel No. 10 Hand Punch Made by the Armstrong-Blum Mfg. Company, Chicago. built by the Armstrong-Blum Mfg. Company, 104 North Francisco avenue, Chicago, is not a multiple punch in the sense of punching four holes simultaneously, its pur- pose being to punch any one of four different sizes of holes at any time. For example, a \, 3-16, 4 or 5-16 in. hole may be punched instantly without any changing of dies, for all of the punches may be left in place at all times if desired. The punches are simply dropped in position, and the steel block with the thumb screw, shown in the illustration, can be shifted over any punch de- sired, and that punch made active by turning the thumb screw. ‘ The slide is case hardened steel, and the movable block is hardened tool steel. The die is made of one piece, % in. wide, the top face of the die being 1% in. from the bottom of the throat and 1% in. from the top of the throat. The throat gap is 4 in. The die is also extended forward, so as to allow for punching the webs and flanges of channels, I beams, angles, &c. The oper- ating lever may be swung in either way to depress the silde. The maximum capacity is a 5-16-in. hole in 4-in. stock. The machine complete with four punches, die and lever weighs about 90 Ib. 1338 THE IRON AGE May 2, 1907 The Works of the Atikokan Iron Company, Limited. New Blast Furnace, Ore Roasting Kilns and Coking Plant at Port Arthur, Ontario. Considerable attention has been given during recent years to the extensive deposits of magnetic iron ore which exist in the Province of Ontario, Canada, north and west of Port Arthur. Various projects have been advanced for the development of these deposits, but the first to enter the field as an operating company is the Atikokan Iron Company, Limited, of Port Arthur. The ore properties owned by this company are known to con- tain at least 5,000,000 tons, and the deposits are well situated for mining and transportation. The ore body consists of several veins, varying in sulphur and phos- phorus content. Some of the veins carry ore which can be used in the blast furnace without roasting, while that from other veins is found associated witi pyrrhotite to such an extent that it will require roasting before it can 3 is given a section of the furnace, power plant, roaster and coke ovens. The Ore Roaster, The advantages of roasting magnetic ores, whether they contain sulphur or not, having been determined at the Wharton Furnaces at Wharton, N. J., it was deemed advisable by the Atikokan Iron Company to provide roasting kilns of a capacity sufficient to treat all the ore supply required by the furnace. The type of roaster adopted is that in use by the Wharton Furnaces, the Lebanon Furnaces in Pennsylvania, and by Bolckow, Vaughan & Co., Limited, Middlesbrough, and the Frod- ingham Iron & Steel Company, Frodingham, England. The fuel used in this type of roaster is the waste gas of the furnace. This made necessary the adoption of eco- Waleleelaleesea eee eeeeae ee aa eaeaaaeeeeaaaaeaeceeeeaaaeeee)t OOOO OO IO DOO OO OOO OO OOO OOOO OOOO OO OOOO OOOO OOO OOOO | —s eee eee { : q j 1 3 L terra Z rt rte c = Nee: ad Fig. 1. be utilized. The ore is found in a steep, narrow bill, through which a tunnel has been driven, disclosing ore in three separate places, having widths of 44 ft., 10 ft. and 16 ft., respectively. The ore is brought from the tunnel, which has 80 ft. of ore above it, in 2-ton cars and dumped direct into a crusher. It is then hoisted by belt and bucket conveyor and dumped on screens which lead to ore bins built directly over the railroad track. A spur 4 miles long was built from the Canadian Northern road to the mine. It departs from the main line near Kawene, which is about 140 miles from Port Arthur. For the Atikokan Iron Company’s Port Arthur opera- tions, which involved the building of coal docks, a blast furnace, coke ovens and ore roasting kilns, the site se- lected is on the water front west of the Great Northern elevators. The frontage is 1800 ft. and the track extends 3000 ft. back from the water. A coal dock and pockets were constructed on one side of the property, while the blast furnace, coke ovens, ore roasters, &c., were grouped as shown in the accompanying illustrations. The furnace and connected plant are now approaching completion, and will be put in operation early in the summer. The general arrangement is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In Fig. Plan of the Blast Furnace, Coke Oven and Ore Roasting Plant of the Atikokan Iron Company, Port Arthur, Ontario. nomical engines. pumps, &c., in crder to save gas at the power plant. The gases are consumed in a combustion chamber; the products of combustion passing through the ore to the chimney chamber, whence they are drawn by an exhaust fan delivering into a chimney. The use of the exhaust fan for creating the draft permits of vary- ing the supply of air according as the ore to be roasted is coarse or fine, the latter requiring a greater draft than the former. In the design adopted at Port Arthur the ore is elevated to the top of the roaster by means of a skip hoist, discharged into an automatic railroad truck of the Mead-Morrison type, and thence delivered in bins on top of the roaster. The ore “ self feeds” from the bins into the roasting chambers as the roasted ore is drawn out of the roaster at the bottom. Bins are also provided at the bottom of each roasting chamber, the ore being delivered therefrom into electrically operated stock trans- fer cars, which in turn deliver the roasted ore to the furnace skip hoist. The bottom of the roaster is also de- signed so as to permit the delivery of roasted ore into ordinary railroad cars for shipment. The roaster and equipment are arranged to permit additional roasting chambers being erected later, the hoisting equipment be- May 2, 1907 ing of ample capacity to meet possible requirements. The arrangement of chambers and other parts of the roaster is shown in the sectional elevation in Fig. 4. Coke Oven Plant. In view of the difficulties and expense attendant upon the transportation of coke it was decided to build a plant of coke ovens, and owing to local conditions the beehive oven was found to be the most desirable type. The coking plant consists of 100 ovens, 12 ft. 3 in. in diameter, the working platform being located 5 ft. 10 in. above the yard level. Coal is delivered to the works by vessel, coal pockets being provided from which the coal is dropped into electrically operated larries. The latter THE IRON AGE 1339 diameter hearth. The construction permits, however, a bosh of 17 ft. in diameter and a hearth of 11 ft. in diameter. The hot blast equipment consists of three Roberts- Cowper stoves, 18 ft. in diameter by 70 ft. in hight. The boiler plant embraces four water tube boilers of 200 hp. each, manufactured by the Canada Foundry Company, Limited. The blowing engine is a disconnected cross compound condensing horizontal engine manufactured by the Southwark Foundry & Machine Company, Philadel- phia. The design of the engine is such that either the high or the low pressure side may be operated as an independent engine. The air supply is taken from the oe e Pr eile ma gnc» pi ae j : i lig. 2.—View of Ore Roaster, Blast Furnace, Cast House and Power House. eee ett t tate, tea nes ti my | > 7 WS ZITA i SY Fig. 3.—Sectional Elevation of Power House, Cast House, Skip Hoists and Beehive Coke Ovens. travel over the coke ovens as indicated in Fig. 4. The outside of the engine house. The condenser is arranged coke will be loaded on special railroad cars and trans- ferred over and discharged into the coke bins in the furnace stock house. The Blast Furnace and Equipment. The furnace proper and its equipment are designed so that for a comparatively small additional cost the plant will be capable of producing 200 tons per 24 hr. At present the furnace is lined down to a capacity of 100 tons a day, the purpose being to increase to 200 tons a day for its second blast. There is the usual modern construction of a steel] shell carried on cast iron columns, the bosh being furnished with bronze cooling plates of the Scott design. The furnace charging apparatus con- sists of a double skip hoist and a sealed top of the Rob- erts revolving type. The furnace is 75 ft. in hight and is at present lined to a 14-ft. diameter bosh and 8 ft. 6 in. to operate with the waste water discharged from the fur- nace and stoves or with lake water. The water circulat- ing and boiler feed pumps are both in duplicate. Bin Sysiem and Transfer Car. The stock bin equipment consists of one large coke bin discharging directly into the furnace skip cars and five bins to discharge into an electrically operated transfer weigh car, which delivers the material to the skip hoist. This is the transfer car which also transports the roasted ore from the roaster to the skip hoist. Its construction is shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Since ore bins are provided at the bottom of the roaster, it is not necessary to provide a large number of ore bins in the stock house. For this reason it is the intention to utilize but two of the stock house bins for ore. this being sufficient to provide against possible interruptions in the operation of the roaster. As 1340 distributed, the storage capacity of the bins in the stock house will be as follows: Coke, 250 tons; ore, 500 tons; be AB. ‘ —, ail} KW “as SZ > N \ ») 4 Ze N 4a. ZOOS oS UZ SS iv »\ Tt " S WA TIAN: BTN ao ey [ ly ANT | acd [Tas | : Prob d > : NN a _¥4 0} q XN \ S Hy J XS ry WA AS | ls N RS yy \ ot BS AHA -int-——4 * 1 + 8 A? ! Za ON 4 ~ y ZS f » TRY Nes " | rt Ste <A 1 iW I} y a SLA | | J WYP Ge | | ' i THE §'RON AGE Fig. 4.—Sectional Elevation of the Ore Roasting Kilns, Showing Arrangement of Chambers. limestone, 175 tons. The bin gates are of the pivoted type, operated by levers carried on the transfer car, thus THE IRON AGE — Fig. 5.—End View of Steck Transfer Weigh Car. avoiding the expense and complication of separate levers at each gate. Both the furnace and roaster skip hoists are operated by steam engines. THE IRON AGE May 2, 1907 It has been the intention to build a plant capable of being operated in the most economical manner. Fuel and labor economy are naturally important elements in a manufacturing plant so far removed from the centers of population, and it is believed that these requirements have been met within the natural limits of the problem. The plant has been built under the designs and inspec- tion of Frank C. Roberts & Co., Philadelphia, Pa., the construction being carried on under the supervision of Robert R. Jones, superintendent. The officers and directors of the Atikokan Iron Com- pany are as follows: President, D. D. Mann; vice-presi- dent and manager, J. C. Hunter; secretary, R. M. Hunter; treasurer, Hugh Sutherland. Directors: Wil- liam Mackenzie, president Canadian Northern Railway, Toronto; D. D. Mann and L. A. Lash, vice-president and —— EE a —?) THE IRON AGB | Fig. 6.—Side View of Transfer Car, Showing Lever for Opening Bin Chutes. counsel, respectively, of the same company, Toronto; Hugh Sutherland, Canadian Northern Railway, Winni- peg; A. Stamford White, A. S. White & Co., Chicago; J. W. deC. O’Grady, general manager Northern Bank, Winnipeg; R. M. Hunter, J. C. & R. M. Hunter, Duluth, Minn.; J. C. Hunter, Port Arthur. —~~+e—____ St. Paul Minneapolis Foundrymen Confer. The Twin Cities Foundrymen’s Association, composed of foundrymen of St. Paul and Minneapolis, gave a dinner at the West Hotel, Minneapolis, on Wednesday evening, April 24, to the business and professional men of the two cities. Since the molders’ strike of May, 1906, most of the foundries in St. Paul and Minneapolis have been oper- ated as open shops, and very substantial progress has been made under these auspices. The foundrymen, in view of this distinct advance toward the economic oper- ation of their plants, felt that a gathering of business men would be of value for the purpose of presenting pub- licly a statement of the better conditions now prevailing. About 300 representatives of the manufacturing and commercial interests of the two cities were present. Con- gressman Littlefield of Maine made an address on “ Labor Legislation in Congress,” reviewing the efforts made for and against certain labor measures that have been urged upon Congress in the past two years. J. A. Emery, New York, secretary of the Citizens’ Industrial Association, who, with Congressman Littlefield, was on the after- dinner programme at the last convention of the National Founders’ Association in New York in November, 1906, made a telling speech on certain developments in the labor union problem in the past few years. Archbishop Ireland of St. Paul, the last speaker of the evening, dwelt on the relation of religion to the labor problems of to-day. George M. Gillette of the Minneapolis Steel & Machinery Company, acted as toastmaster. President O. P. Briggs and others prominent in the work of the National Found- ers’ Association were present. May 2, 1907 Mexico Will Welcome the Civil Engineers. Durango, April 24, 1907.—The approaching thirty- ninth annual convention of the American Society of Civil Engineers, which is to be held in the city of Mexico in July next, is already a subject of much local interest. The press of the capital has devoted a good deal of space to the history, aims and personnel of the association and to the projected programme for the entertainment of the visitors during the convention. Among other things it was said in one of these notices: The first session will be held on the evening of Monday, July 8, and after the address of welcome by Secretary Fernan- dez, George H. Benzenberg, the president of the society, will deliver his annual address. Following the opening session a social function will be held in the Mineria the same evening, during which the American and Mexican engineers will have an opportunity to become acquainted with each other. Mr. Fer- nandez will represent both the Mexican Government and the Society of Mexican Engineers, of which he is the president, at the opening session, and all engineers of the Mexican society, as well as all foreign engineers in the city, are to be accorded a cordial welcome to all the sessions of the American society. It was further announced that the arrangements made for the recreation of the members during the ses- sions and afterward include visits to points of inter- est, such as the water works plant at Xochimilico, the drainage works of the valley, the various public build- ings, the electric light plants