The Iron Age 1907-04-11: Vol 79 Iss 15

THE IRON Published every Thursday Moraing by David Williams Co. 14-16 Park Place, New York. Vol. 79: No. 15 New York, Thursday, April 11, 1907 SO ee TS Sang Postage Reading Matter Contents......pege 116!) ae — eS eww Alphabetical Index to Advertisers ‘‘ Rem ington, Classified List of Advertisers * Advertising and Subsoription Rates “‘ Compression Shafi Couplings Manufactured by FORSTER PULLEY Autoload ing Rifle’ WORKS A new s-shot repeating hunting Rifle which Joads itself and is “ big Cuba, N.Y. enough for the biggest game.”’ Below is shown a piece of ma- chine steel ¥ of an inch thick, penetrated by a Rem. .35 cart- ridge, which strikes a blow equal to a mighty hammer a ton in weight. A_ perfectly safe gun. The American Mfg. Co. Ropes and Twines 65 Wall Street, New York Sportsmen want it. Bristol’s Patent Steel Belt Lacing Are you stocked? Remington Arms Company, Agency, Ilion, N. Y. Sales Office, 315 Broadway, 515 Market Street, New York City San Francisco, Cal READY TO APPLY = FINISHED JOINT THE BRISTOL CO., Waterbury, Conn. | — ~~ 2 Mew York cates aed Bi. WATER TUBE O6%/e Bab cuits eee eee emt tr cascenases e cock @ Wilcox Co. ieee SPOT CORD| BOILERS scccaceso 92 Kiborty, Street _ Also Massachusetts and Phoenix Brands SAMSON GORDAGE WORKS, Boston, Mass. TORNBUCKLES lig i Sm Braneh Office, 11 Broadway. New York. Cleveland City Forge and tron Co., - Cleveland, O. TORN BU CELTS. MERRILL BROS., eile 465 to 471 Kent Ave., Brooklyn, E.D., N.Y BASIC PIG. Girard Bailding, Phila. Pilling & Grane Machesney Bidg., Pitts’g Horseshoers! Horse Owners! Hardware Dealers! You can—each and all—derive many and great BENEFITS by SPECIFYING “‘Capewell’’ Horseshoe Nails Horseshoers find them the Jestto drive. Horse Owners find them the safest to use. Hardware Dealers find them the easiest to sell. ALL THREE CLASSES find **Capewell’’ nails the MOST PROFIT- ABLE AND BEST ADAPTED TO THEIR PECULIAR NEEDS Made by The Capewell Horse Nail Co., “"t's:"" Empire Bldg., New York There may be some sub- Excelsior Straightway Back-Pressure Valve f has a full, unobstructed passage through it nearly in line with the stitute for pipe, and therefore offers no resistance to the free flow of steam Thoroughly reliable when used as a back pressure valve, it is also adapted for use as a relief or free exhaust valve for condensers. By changing position of outside lever, it will work equally well in a vertical or horizontal position. HIGH QUALITY JENKINS BROS., New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, London, —but so far it has not been EEE I TE oa Ey a aacova |“ SWBCON” GOld Rolled S16e! eve: Drawing a stamping THE AMERICAN TUBE & STAMPING COMPA SEE ( Water and Rai) Deitvery) Brrpexrorr, Comn. PAGE See MAGNOLIA METAL. AMERICAN Best Anti-Friction Metal for all Machinery Bearing. SHEET & TIN PLATE Pansat 06 Rips. COMPANY’S > imitations. Se «MAGNOLIA METAL CO. Ph, On. Page: 30 Owners and{SolefManufacturers, 113-116 Bank Street, We munadactat Mentwen) os and Pittepers Chicago.[Fischer,Bidg, NEW YORK. Metals at tive prices. i | 4 THE IRON AGE re BRASS. mee We manufacture | - BRIGHT CHARCOAL COPPER wok that will stand the most difficult DEEP STAMPING GERMAN |" SILVER | and WIRE Drawing Operations. Hil ow prass, SHEET BRONZE, It is SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER Hammered Open Hearth | tusinc, BRAZED BRASS AND NN BRONZE TUBING : : : : : FINISH? — Mr. Wm. Banfield is the mana- ger of our mills—a sufficient testimonial to the superior coat- ing and finish of our plate. Follansbee Bros. Co. MAKERS PITTSBURGH WATERBURY BRASS CO., WATERBURY, CONN. 99 John St., New York. Providence, R. I. Bridgeport Deoxidized Bronze & Metal Co. BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Phosphor and Deoxidized Bronze Composition, Yellow Brass and Alumi- num Castings, large and small Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., LA SALLE, ILLINOIS. SMELTERS OF SPELTER SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC Special Sizes of Zinc cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates. Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lithographers’ use. Selected Sheets for Paper and Gard Makers’ use. Stove and Washboard Blanks. ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. TWN arreree ALLY URL ACID. UU TaN) INISHERS 105-109 So.,Jefferson St.. Chicago. Best Bronze, Babbitt Metals Brass and Aluminum SASTINGS GERMAN SILVER | The Seymour Mfg. Co., - - Seymour, Conn. HENDRICKS BROTHERS PROPRIETORS OF THE Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, MANUFACTURERS OF Brasiers’ Bolt and Shoathing COPPER, CoOoOrPrPYPTrimnRrn vviRnE AND "RIVETS, Importers aad Dealers in Ingot Copper, Block Tin, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, etc. 49 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK. NICKEL ANODES BRASS, BRONZE, aad GOPPER The Plume & Atwood Mfg. Co. MANUFACTURERS OF “| Sheet and RollBrass wi R E Printers’ Brass, Jewelers’ Metal, German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burrs. - = = Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kerosene Burners, Lamps, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 279 Broadway, NEW YORK. Room 508 Heyworth Building, East Madi- son St., CHICAGO, ILL. Rolling Mill: Factories : THOMASTON, CONN. WATERBURY, CONN. SCOVILL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS, GERMAN SILVER, cneaee Rolls, Wire > as lite and Tub Brase Shells, Cups, Hinges, Buttons, Lamp Goods. Special Brass Goods to Order. FacPories : WATERBURY, CONN. Depots CHICAGO. NBW YORK. BOSTON. Henry Souther Engineering Co. Consulting cheatiiieie sili gists and Analysts. plete Physical Testing Laboratory. moon Testime ony in Court and Patent Court and Patent Cases, Gur. Rutter d 60. 256, Broadway NEW YORK Small tubing in Brass, Copper, Steel, Aluminum, German Silver, &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and Ger- man Silver. Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire. Brazed and Seamless Brass and Copper Tube. Copper and Brass Rod. ‘¢Search-Light”’ GAS Bicycle Lanterns Send for Circulars and Electrotypes. The BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO. BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Postal Telegraph Building, Broadway and Murray Street, NEW YORK PHOSPHOR -BRONZE GEREN SILVER THE RIVERSIDE METAL CO. RIVERSIDE, &.). THE IRON AGE New York, Thursday, April 11, 1907. THE ENGINEERING SOCIETIES BUILDING. To Be Dedicated April 16 and 17, 1907. In the issue of The Iron Age for December 14, 1905, a description was published of the building then under con- tract of erection in New York City for the joint use of the various engineering societies making their head- quarters in that city. That article gave many details and a number of illustrations of the principal features of the building. It has now been completed, and the dedicatory exercises are to take place next week, according to a pro- gramme which was published in The Iron Age for April neers’ Club for its own protection of a large four-story private house of “restricted” hight, the club being in the immediate rear of the Engineering Building. The Joint Conference Committee, tach of the bodies named in the gift of $1,500,000 from Mr. Carnegie appointed three of its members to form a joint Conference Committee of 12, whose duty it should be to accept the gift and erect the buildings, and Main Doorway of the Engineering Sdcieties Building, New York. 4. We now present, through the courtesy of T. C. Martin of the Programme Committee, additional facts which practically complete the story of the union building, pro- vided through the munificence of Andrew Carnegie, for the occupancy of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, American Institute of Mining PEngineers, American Institute of Electrical Engineers and Dngineers’ Club. Mr. Carnegie donated $1,500,000 to be expended in the construction of a building, the bodies interested buying the land. The site acquired for the Engineering Societies’ Build- ing is on West Thirty-ninth street, north side, between Fifth and Sixth avenues. The frontage covers five city lots, Nos. 29 to 33, the total front being 125 ft. This land has been bought with money advanced by Mr. Carne- gie through R. A. Franks to the three engineering socie- ties at 4 per cent. interest, the cost being $502,000, one- third of the amount being payable by each society. To the east of the property, light and air for the building are satisfactorily insured by the purchase. by the Engi- that committee has remained in active existence up to the moment of the dedication of the Engineering Socie ties’ Building. It comprised the following: American Society of Mechanical Engineers: C. W. Hunt, J. M. Dodge, F. R. Hutton; American Institute of Mining Engineers: A. R. Ledoux, C. Kirchhoff, T. Dwight; American Institute of Electrical Engineers: C. F. Seott, C. W. Rice, T. C. Martin; Engineers’ Club: W. H. Fletcher, J. C. Kafer, W. A. Redding. In organizing for its work this body made Mr. Seott chairman, Pro- fessor Hutton secretary and Mr. Kafer treasurer. Va- rious changes occurred in the personnel of the committee from time to time. Dr. Ledoux was succeeded by E. E. Olcott. Messrs. Rice and Martin were succeeded by Dr. S. S. Wheeler and Bion J. Arnold, and later Dr. Wheeler gave place to John W. Lieb, Jr. Mr. Martin succeeded Mr. Redding. Mr. Kafer, on his death in 1906, was suc- ceeded by Mr. Kirchhoff as treasurer. One of the most important duties of the committee was the division of the gift in proportion to the require- 1116 ments and objects of the two buildings, The delicate task was accomplished by allotting $1,050,000 to the Engineering Societies’ Building and $450,000 to the Club Building. While the nine representatives of the technical bodies and the three of the club devoted attention to their specific buildings throughout the three years of construc- tive work, there were a great many questions that re- quired the constant consideration of the Conference Com- mittee as a whole. Competitive designs for the building were submitted by a number of architects, among whom the successful contestants were Herbert D. Hale of Boston and Henry G. Morse of New York, associate, who were forthwith appointed the architects for the building and who as the firm of Hale & Rogers, and H. G. Morse, associate, car- ried out the work. The award for the clubhouse was similarly made by the Conference Committee to Whit- field & King, New York. The Holding Corporation, Prior to undertaking the work in connection with the Engineering Societies Building, it was found necessary to THE IRON AGE April 11, 1907 executed with Wells Brothers Company on July 17, 1905. The cornerstone of the building was laid in the eastern wall by Mrs. Andrew Carnegie on May 8, 1906. The time of completion was fixed for November 15, 1906. Offices were ready for occupancy on December 15, 1906; some were in use before the end of the year, and the entire building, though not quite finished, was ready for use January 1, 1907. This remarkable expedition was largely due to the fact that at no time did the architectural plans require important revision. A steel strike in the spring of 1906 lasted one month and a plaster strike in Novem- ber about two weeks, but the building was erected within the specified time and within the appropriated sum. Dimensions and General Plan. The frontage of the Engineering Societies Building on West Thirty-ninth street is 115 ft. and the depth is 90 ft. The property itself is 125 ft. front by 110 ft. depth. The building laws of the city of New York require that only 85 per cent. of the lot area shall be occupied by the structure on it. Advantage has been taken of this limi- tation to give the building a monumental appearance. ™ Tue lnon Ace @ First Floor Entrance Hall, or Foyer, of the Engineering Societies Building, New York. organize a holding corporation to administer the endow- ment and property for the founder societies jointly and in common ; and the novel conditions attending the accept- ance and utilization of the gift raised many legal and economic probiems as to the mutual relationships, duties and rights of the recipients. A corporation was formed by special charter in the State of New York, in May, 1904, called the United Engineering Society, to act as the trustee for the three founder societies, and its nine trus- tees are chosen periodically three each by the councils of the Electrical, Mechanical and Mining Engineers, to control the building and regulate its finances. The title of the laud rests also in this body corporate. The first president of the United Engineering Society was Dr. A. R, Ledoux, who was succeeded by the present incumbent of the office, E. E. Olcott. While the charter and by-laws of the society have been framed to protect the interests of the three “ founder societies,” under the gift, eareful provision is made also for the welfare of the “associate societies,” i. e., the numerous other technical bodies occupying the building as their headquarters. The contract for the construction of the building was It is designed in the French style and rises 13% stories above the sidewalk to a hight of 218 ft. 6% in. The exterior is built of limestone up to the auditorium floor, and of gray mottled brick and terra cotta above; the whole having a cheerful cream tint on all four sides. As the lower portion is devoted to auditoriums, the middle section to offices, and the upper part to the library, an effort has been made to accentuate these three separate parts of the building, with happy result. In excavating the foundations, rock was found at from 27 to 67 ft. below the curb line, and there are 46 concrete piers in the foundation going down to solid rock. Two of these piers sustain a load of 3,000,000 Ib. each in weight of structure alone, and the steel columns at these two points weigh 1000 Ib. to the foot. The steel plate girders in the ceilings of the main auditorium weigh 48 tons each, and the steel lattice truss on the sixth floor weighs 64 tons. The total weight of steel employed in building construction is 2650 tons. All the steelwork in the building has been covered with from 2 to 4 in. of semiporous terra cotta, and the The floors are built columns are grouted with concrete. April 11, 1907 with terra cotta 6 in. segmental arch construction, over- laid with 5 in. of cinder concrete. All exterior walls are furred with 2-in. terra cotta block, to prevent any possi- bility of moisture being driven through the walls. Access to the building is gained by the central en- trance on the street level to the first floor, by the western side door leading to the elevators, and by the broad drive- way which encircles it completely, so that carriages can enter by the eastern covered arch, set down their occu- pants at a side entrance and emerge by the western gate. There are three elevator riseways in the main elevator shaft, faced with an iron grill lined with wire glass. On each side of this shaft wide stairways rise to the sixth floor of the building, and one leads thence to the library floor. A freight elevator has been installed on the eastern side of the building, and a commodious service stairway on the north side rises the entire hight of the edifice. At the first floor, a rear door communicates across the 10-ft. areaway, in the open, with the café of the clubhouse. a flying covered bridge connects and on the ninth floor THE IRON AGE 1117 placing an 8000-gal. tank on the roof, with a stand pipe at each end of the building, the tank being fed by two electric pumps. All the walls and ceilings are painted in neutral tints, and the decoration is simple, though ¢arefully studied, especially with an idea to later development in the way of mural paintings, the setting of the names of distin- guished engineers in plaques, niches for bronze or marble busts, panels for bronze tablets, &c. Opposite the ele- vator shaft on each of the three founder societies floors the badge of the society occupying the floor has been exe- cuted in a heavy brass plate set into the terrazzo. The hardware throughout is in a subdued brass finish, is quite massive and is master keyed for all doors. The mail chute is ornamental and of the latest pattern. The driveway is defended by handsome wrought iron gates specially designed, and over the main entrance a large bronze plaque has been set, bearing the words: “ Engi- neering Societies,” to explain the purpose of the building to passers-by. ee | ~ Main Auditorium of the Engineering Societies Building, New York, Looking Toward the Stag with the breakfast room on the tenth floor of the ¢inb- house. The Interior Finish. The woodwork in the building has been reduced to a minimum. The large windows are built of cast iron, and the other windows of wood covered with kalamined iron, such windows havirg only a small molding in place of the usual wide trim and casing. All the doors in the basement, first floor and at the ends of the auditorium promenade are kalamined iron fire doors, and the exit door to the Engineers’ Club is built of electroplated cop- per on wood. All the woodwork, including floors, sleep- ers, trim, &c., has been fireproofed. The windows up to the hight of 100 ft. are glazed with wire glass, except on the Thirty-ninth street front, thus bringing the exterior fire hazard down to the lowest possible point. All fin- ished floors throughout the building are of cement, mar- ble or terrazzo, except the library, main auditorium and lecture rooms, where maple has been used. The insur- ance rate of 15 cents for this building is the best proof of its safe construction and solid workmanship. More- over, additional precaution against fire has been taken by The Power and Heating Plant, . The basement is occupied in part by the boiler room, 22 ft. below the curb, and the engine room 16 ft. There is also ample coal storage on the north side, and storage facilities for the various societies, chiefly owing to the fact that it was decided inadvisable to install an isolated light and power plant. All electrical energy is taken from the mains of the New York Edison Company. The entire basement and boiler room up to the level of the curb have been made thoroughly waterproof, and a sump pit has been installed to avoid any danger from extreme pres- sure. An ash hoist empties into the driveway. Steam is employed for heating and ventilating pur- poses, generated at low pressure by three boilers of the wrought steel header type, of Babcock & Wilcox manufac- ture, having an aggregate of 5226 sq. ft. heating surface. The boilers, as well as the valves, piping and attachments in connection with the boiler plant, are designed and ar- ranged for high pressure steam, should it at a later date be desired to install an electric generating plant. The heating of the building is accomplished by low pressure steam circulating through radiators placed 1118 underneath the windows. This represents not only the most economical method of heating, but it is the most effective means of counteracting the down draft from the windows. The radiators in the entire building are con- trolled automatically by the Johnson system of heat reg- ulation. No blowers or mechanical means are required for heating the rooms. The extensive blower system in- stalled is for ventilation solely. The ventilation is inde- pendent of the heating system, for while in the winter months the building must be heated 24 hr. per day, the ventilating system is required only when the halls and rooms are occupied. This separation of heating and ven- tilating apparatus is, therefore, fraught with economy and simplicity of operation. The Paul vacuum system of steam circulation is utilized in connection with the direct heating, with the tempering coils and with the air moist- ening apparatus. Ventilating Plant, Acoustics and Plumbing. A thoroughly modern and effective ventilating appa- ratus is provided for the lower six floors, which contain THE IRON AGE April 11, 1907 The quantity of air supplied to the individual rooms varies, of course, with the special uses, but in every case a sufficiently large air supply is secured to keep the air pure. Special and unique features were adopted in the building construction so as to introduce the air into and exhaust it from the rooms by a great number of regis- ters, so that a large volume is introduced at a low velocity and thus a perfect air distribution is secured. The heating and ventilating plant was installed from the plans and specifications and under the supervision of Alfred R. Wolff, consulting engineer. It should be noted also that the plans of the halls were submitted to Prof. W. C. Sabine of Howard University, as expert on acoustics. The plumbing has all been installed upon the most modern principles of sanitation. All toilet rooms are in marble, and substantial wash bowls are installed in the majority of the office rooms. The fixtures are of the best and simplest type. All risers and waste water lines are brought up from the basement in two divisions at Main Auditorium of the Engineering Societies Building, New York, Looking from the Stage. the large assembly rooms. Pure, fresh air in large quan- tities is supplied to all the rooms and the main corridors in the lower six floors by means of four electric driven Sturtevant blowers located in the basement. Air is ex- hausted from these floors and from the basement, as well as from the toilet rooms throughout the building, by means of four electric driven Blackman exhaust fans located in fan houses on the roof. C. and C. electric motors are installed for driving the blowers and exhaust fans. One hundred thousand cubic feet of fresh air per minute represents the total air supply, when the blowers are all operated at the same time. The fresh air after it has passed through the air inlet to the large chamber in the basement is drawn through the air filters, which free it from dust and the finer mechanical impurities. After the air has been filtered it passes over tempering coils and moistening pans, and is warmed and moistened in the winter months. It goes thence through the blow- ers, and by means of the galvanized iron duct system’ located in the basement to the vertical flues, entering the rooms through registers in the walls and ceilings. each end of the building and branch off at each floor, making it a very simple matter to add new risers and fixtures if needed. All the water is filtered. The Electrical System, As in the case of the other departments of the build- ing the electrical equipment and the illumination had to fulfill unusual and peculiar requirements. The electrical current supply is derived from an outside street main service introduced into the building from the New York Edison Company and the United Electric Light & Power Company, so that both alternating and direct current are available. Space has been provided and the steam and electric equipment have been designed so that an electric generating plant may be installed at any time. The feeders and mains for the lighting system are arranged on the three-wire system and the two-wire system for power. In all cases all of the wires of a given circuit are installed in the same conduit, so as to permit alternating current to be used on any circuit in the building. As the building is to be used by different so- cieties it was essential that the feeder system should be arranged so as to provide means for measuring the cur- April 11, 1907 THE rent consumption separately in different portions of the building. Two separate feeders from Company have been introduced into the building, so as to afford additional security in case of failure of one the New York Edison of the service mains. Two separate feeders are also provided for the lighting of the main auditorium connect- ing at a switchboard with the two independent service street feeders. A flexible and convenient system pro- vides abundant opportunity for reducing to a minimum the current consumption required for the hall and corri- dor lighting. Inasmuch as it was impossible at the time the build- ing was constructed to plan definitely the arrangement of the various society offices, and, consequently, the lighting thereof, it was deemed essential to provide such a flexi- ble system as to permit lights for desks, &c., to be added as required later. For this purpose, in each office a cir- cuit is run to a corner in the ceiling in each room, and from this point a square of molding is placed 18 in. from the wall and symmetrically aligning with the room par- IRON AGE 1119 system was devised by the electrical engineers of having a portion of the base removable, with ample space in the form of a channel extending completely around the room. In order to make this channel continuous, conduits are run under the doors, connecting with the channel space at either side of the door. This channel is connected by means of a conduit, with the nearest interconnection box on the floor. The Illumination, Complete specifications were prepared and sketches made by the consulting engineers, acting in co-operation with the architect, for the illumination of every room, and for every fixture in the building. It was realized by the engineers that the illumination was necessarily only one feature of the building and must be subordinate to, and in harmony with, the architectural features. The central space in the entrance hall or foyer is lighted by means of individual lamps, placed in recesses, and concealed by panes of ground glass in the ceiling, at the sides of the rectangle formed by the columns around the large central area. In addition to this, larger crystal The Library of the Engineering Societies Building, New York. allelogram. At any point on this molding a small rosette may be inserted and an attachment for a drop light pro- vided. In order to provide ample current facilities for demon- stration purposes, lectures, &c., special feeders have been run from the switchboard in the basement to the auditor- ium and to each of the assembly and lecture rooms. In addition to the special feeders, empty conduits are run to the auditorium and lecture and assembly rooms, so as to afford raceways for any purpose for which the special feeders would not provide. Inthecaseof the auditorium, two 3-in. conduits run to and terminate in a cabinet at the back of the stage. In the case of the assembly and lec- ture rooms a single conduit of 24% in. internal diameter has been provided. A complete and flexible interconnection system has been provided for the building, having its main center in the basement: It affords means for connecting tele- phones or call circuits in practically every office in the building. In order to avoid running wires around the picture molding or along the baseboard in the offices, a balls are provided in the outer corridor beyond the cen- tral space and in the elevator hall, entrances, &c. Cry- stal glass balls, holding “ metallized filament” lamps of various sizes from 50 to 250 watts, are used on the prin- cipal floors, from the first to fourth, inclusive. In some cases, pagoda reflectors are used inside the balls to in- crease the effective illumination, and to reduce the cur- rent consumption. In the halls above the fourth floor, glass globes have been provided to screen the lamps. These globes, made according to the specification of the electrical engineers, are unusual in the fact that the intrinsic brilliancy of the lamp is reduced without an excessive loss in the effi- ciency, and at the same time a warm, pleasing opal glow is produced. The lighting of the auditorium is the most effective, and probably the most interesting feature of illumination in the building. The result was obtained by the complete co-operation of the electrical engineers with the archi- tects. At the engineers’ suggestion the architects pro- vided a space of about 15 in. between the ceiling of the 1120 THE auditorium and the beams of the floor above. At the sug gestion of the engineers, also, a glass septum was sub- stituted in place of the proposed plaster panels in the ceil- ing. The details were then carefully worked out as to obtaining access to the lamps for renewal, and tests were made by the engineers to find a glass that would reduce the intrinsic brilliancy or glare, and at the same time would not have an amount of absorption prohibitive on the score of economy. The result obtained has been very satisfactory, and it is possible to sit through an entire lecture without being disturbed or distracted by the light- ing. The general effect is both soft and pleasing, and re- sembles or suggests sunlight passing through glass, as at Napoleon’s Tomb in the Invalides, in Paris. As a matter of fact, the solid arches of the floor above are within 2 or 3 ft. of the glass through which the light passes. Addi- tional lighting screened by the same kind of glass is pro- vided at the rear and at the sides under the balcony. Dimmers are provided for reducing the amount of illum- ination in thé auditorium to any desired point, and also for the purpose of gradually increasing the lights to the maximum, after the room has been darkened for a stere- opticon, thereby avoiding the unpleasant sensation pro- duced on the retina of the eye, by flooding the room with light immediately following comparative darkness. The lighting of the assembly and lecture rooms was also designed to prevent the lights from being distracting or unduly noticeable. For this reason, the cove method was adopted, with additional outlets in the ceiling for supplemental fixture lighting. The general illumination of the library is obtained by means of lamps placed above the glass ceiling skylight on a plan similar to that used in the auditorium. In addition, ceiling outlets are prv- vided for general illumination, so that the indirect light- ing above the glass need be used only at certain times. The Elevators. There are two Otis passenger elevators, 3100 lb. max- imum load, speed 325 ft. per min. with 2500 Ib. load. One elevator travels from basement gallery to the fourteenth floor, about 207 ft., and one from the first to the four- teenth, about 196 ft. These are of the latest type electric drum machines, being equipped with double screws, com- pound momentum brakes, automatic stop motion switches mounted on the drum shafts for limiting the car travel at either end, hoistway limit switches, slack cable switches and emergency brakes. The cars are carried in steel slings or girdles which are fitted with the improved wedge clamp safety device which operates in connection with an Otis governor. This safety device is so constructed as to be made to grip the guides if a car is descending at undue speed. Wach car is counterbalanced with very nearly its own weight, and to the back of each drum is attached a separate weight equal to the average load carried in the car. This ar- rangement of counterbalance gives the most economical results in current consumption. The elevators are equipped with six %-in. Standard iron hoisting cables each; two being for lifting, two for car counterbalance and two for back drum counterbal- ance. The weight of these cables is compensated by chains attached to the bottom of each car sling and an- chored midway up the shaft. In addition to the wedge safeties above referred to these elevators are squipped with the security retarding safety, which acts independ- ently of the other safeties. The elevators are controlled by means of hand operat- ing switches conveniently located in the cars, and in ease of accident the current supply to the machine and operating switch can be entirely cut off by the operator, and the emergency brake applied by opening a small switch, known as the safety switch, which is located near the car operating switch above referred to. The freight elevator, which travels from the basement to the fourteenth floor at the rear of the building, has a maximum lifting capacity of 3000 Ib.; speed with a load of 2500 Ib: is 250 ft. per min. This machine, which is also a lifter of safes, is provided with a back gear attach- ment that can be readily connected or disconnected by thet engineer, by means of which the machine can be made to lift 5000 Ib. at a low rate of speed. IRON AGE April 11, 107 A locking device is also provided for holding the car securely at any floor level while loading or unloading. In ali other respects this elevator is similar to the pas- senger elevators. The plant is operated on the 110-volt direct current circuit. The Telephone Equipment, Realizing that in a building of this nature ‘the most up to date engineering ideas would be embodied in every feature of construction and administration, a careful study was made of the needs of the founder societies and the other tenants in the building, with respect to the tele- phone service, in order that the plant might be adequate and the telephone service thoroughly efficient. Such a study indicated that the most convenient and flexible as well as the most economical service could be effected by arranging for one switchboard for the entire service throughout the building, from which all of the trunk lines to the central office of the telephone company should ex- tend, and in which all the extension telephones in the building should terminate. Accordingly, a specially designed single-position switchboard to include all the most modern features, and finished to harmonize with the architecture of the build- ing, has been installed. At the present time the switch- board is connected to the Bryant central office of the tele- phone company by means of seven lines, which may be used for incoming and outgoing traffic; and there are 38 extension telephones connected to this board and located throughout the building. The switchboard has an ulti- mate capacity of 15 central office lines and 60 extension telephones. This gives the building a flexible telephone service, since from any telephone at any point in the building communication may be had with any other tele- phone in the building or with any local, suburban or long distance point through the lines of the New York Tele- phone Company and its sister telephone companies. Telephones have been installed in the offices of the three founder societies, and, in addition, in the engine room, service halls, coatrooms, library, the stackrooms, at the demonstrating tables, to be used by the lecturers, in the janitor’s quarters, and at all points of activity, in order that it may be possible to send or receive tele- phone messages at any point in the building. It is estimated that about 12,000 messages per year will be originated from the telephones in this building, and the contract to cover this number of messages has been arranged for. In addition to the telephones through- out the building, three booths have been installed on the ground floor, in order that visitors to the building or tenants may send messages from this point. The First Floor, The spacious first floor is laid with Tennessee marble tile, having a border in design of colored marble. The central court or main foyer is marked by 12 large col- umns of Swiss Cipolin marble. A short low flight of steps leads from the foyer to the elevators, and at will a metal grille is thrown across the steps so as to restrict or direct travel. Gold ornament is used sparingly for architectural accentuation, and the woodwork is in dark oak. Large chairs and lounges in red leather furnish the foyer, and similar furniture is used in the writing room, smoking room, reception room and administration room; which also contains three telephone booths associ- ated with the “ private exchange” system. On the foyer walls, facing toward the main entrance, are two large bronze tablets, one bearing a relief portrait of Mr. Car- negie and the words of his second terse letter of gift of $1,500,000, and the other a statement to the effect that the land was given by members and friends of the three founder societies. On this floor also, at the rear, are receiving and shipping offices through which all freight and goods are handled. In time this floor will be graced with statuary, but even now it creates a most favorable impression as one enters the building. The Maia Auditorium, Immediately above the first floor is the coatroom, laid out on a sectional plan, so that several lines of per- sons may be accommodated at once on entering or leav- ing. Special toilet facilities are also provided on this April 11, 1907 floor, which virtually occupies the space that would otherwise be left blank by the slope of the main auditor- ium floor just above it. The main auditorium extends up through two floors, and with its gallery will seat about 1000 persons. The requirements of this chamber were unusual and difficult of definition. It had to be arranged primarily for the general meeting of the societies, at which the speaking is from the floor as well as from the platform, and at which diagrams, illustrations or blackboard drawings are often employed. This is quite the opposite from the ordinary audience hall, where the stage is the starting puint both for the seating arrangements and for the acoustic and optical necessities. Hence the platform is notably small for so large a hall, accommodating few persons, while any speaker in the audience is easily with- in range of observation by. everybody. On both the parterre and the gallery floor, at the sides, the auditorium is surrounded by corridors, ren- dering access to every point very easy, and permitting ready withdrawal for conversation, committees, &c. The corridors assist also in maintaining quiet within the ball. The platform has ante rooms and is conveniently close to the freight elevator, for delivery of apparatus. There is also a fine stereopticon, equipped with connections for moving pictures. The seats are fixed opera chairs in red leather, with revolvable tops, and the aisles are laid with red carpet. Above the auditorium arch is a decorative cartouche bearing the badges of the three founder societies. The elevators and stairs open directly upon the two floors of the auditorium, which can thus be emptied very quickly in case of emergency. Practical tests of the chamber have already shown it to be a success in every respect of comfort and convenience. The Lecture Rooms and Office Floors, The next two floors above the main auditorium are devoted entirely to lecture rooms, of which there are no fewer than seven. Two spacious assembly rooms, 51 x 66 ft. and 29 x 66 ft., occupy the larger part of the fifth floor in such a manner that they can be used independ- ently, or one may be made auxiliary to the other. Two smaller rooms on this fldor, 16 x 22 ft. and 18 x 19 ft., ean be also used separately or as annexes for reception or conversazione purposes, and provision is made with steam tables, &c., for the service necessary for luncheons or light refreshments. All these rooms are agreeably finished in soft light tints, and have facilities for water, air, electric connections, &¢., for demonstrations and ex- periments. The sixth floor’ is also divided into lecture rooms, planned somewhat differently, and of smaller dimensions than those on the floor below. The dimensions are, re- spectively, 22 x 44 ft. 6 in., 30 x 46 ft. 6 in., 30 x 41 ft. and 20 x 28 ft. In this manner the building affords fa- cilities to audiences of every size from 1000 down to 100, while on occasion every room can be occupied by sections and subdivisions of an engineering or scientific meeting, with independence and without interference. The seventh and eighth floors of the building have been reserved for the associate societies that have engi- neering or some department of science as their principal object. For these organizations the building affords office areas of varying size, from one room up, with the common facilities of the lecture rooms, library and other accessories. Among these societies may be enu- merated the Society of Naval Architects and Marine En- gineers, the Society of Heating and Ventilating Engi- neers, the National Electric Light Association, the So- ciety of Chemical Engineers, the New York Electrical Society, the Association of Edison Illuminating Com- panies, the American Street and Interurban Railway As- sociation. Each of the three founder societies occupies a floor laid out in accordance with its own plans. The American Institute of Mining Engineers has the ninth floor, the American Institute of Electrical Engineers has the tenth floor, and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers has the eleventh floor. These floors are all devoted to administrative and executive work, and the libraries of THE IRON The gallery front is bordered in red plush. ° AGE I12I the three societies have top floors of the building. been concentrated in the two The Library. A crowning detail in the plan of the building has been the reservation of the twelfth and thirteenth floors for the libraries of the three founder societies, and of such other collections of engineering literature as may be added. The twelfth floor below the library proper has been devoted to the book stacks, but at the present time the main library is also equipped with one tier of stacks, with provision for a gallery tier later. The stackroom is partly equipped with stacks, and in the library a delivery desk, reading tables and chairs have been provided. Pro- vision is being made for special research accommodation, working alcoves, photographic reproduction, drawing and similar library work. A bronze bust of Mr. Carnegie, executed especially for the building by Mrs. E. Cadwalader Guild, a well-known sculptor, from sittings, and presented by the present and past officers of the founder societies, stands at the east- ern end of the library, facing toward the main entrance from the elevators. The Contractors and Subcontractors, The following is a list of the contractors, &¢c, em- ployed in the construction of the building: General con- tractor, Wells Brothers Company; heating and ventilat- ing, G. A. Suter & Co.; electrical work, Western Electric Company ; fixtures, Mitchell Vance Company; plumbing, James McCullagh ; furniture and carpets, W. & J. Sloane; shades, Simpson-Crawford Company; library furniture, Library Bureau; book stacks, Art Metal Construction Company; auditorium chairs, American Seating Com- pany; lecture room chairs, Readsboro Chair Mfg. Com- pany ; demonstration tables, L. E. Knott Apparatus Com- pany; stereopticon, Charles Beseler Company; stereopti- con screen, Journay & Burnham; bronze tablets, J. Mas- sey Rhind, sculptor, and the Roman Bronze Company; steam table, Bramhall Deane Company. The following is a list of the subcontractors, &c.: Elevators, Otis Eleva- tor Company; electric pumps, Worthington Pump Com- pany; mill work, Batavia & New York Woodworking Company; ornamental iron and bronze work, Winslow Brothers Company; decorations and general painting, W. P. Nelson Company; special metal doors, Dahlstrom Door Company, New York Central Metal Company, Van Kannel Revolving Door Company; ornamental stucco work and plastering, McNulty Brothers; marble and mo- saic work, Empire City Marble Company; ornamental brick, Fiske & Co.; granite work, Webb Pink Granite Company ; tile wainscoting, Frank L. Davis; coffer and roofing work, James White Company; weather strips, Noiseless & Draughtless Door & Window Cushion Com- pany; leather covered doors, Frank Fetzer; filters, Rob- erts Mfg. Company; fireproof windows, Manhattan Fire- proof Door Company; fireproof doors, Howells & Law- rence; ornamental terra cotta, Conkling-Armstrong T. C. Company and R. Guastavina Company; window and door glass, Benjamin Griffen and Pittsburgh Plate Glass Com- pany; metal lath and furring, A. Oliver & Co.; orna- mantal stone work, James Gillies & Sons; parquet floors, J. B. Shaw & Co.; finishing hardware, Yale & Towne Mfg. Company; fireproof floors, National Fire- proofing Company; plumbing fixtures, Henry Huber & Co.; mail chutes, Cutler Mfg. Company. OS The longest distance the human voice has been trans- mitted is believed to be from Montreal to Winnipeg, 1430 miles, over a special copper wire along the line of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. This wire, which has intermediate connections only at North Bay and Fort William, was installed by the railroad company for its telegraphone system, by means of which two messages, one by telephone and the other by telegraph, can be trans- mitted simultaneously over the wire. A number of tests have been made of the new outfit, it being found quite easy to converse from end to end of the line, while at the same moment operators at an intermediate station (Fort William) were sending a telegraphic message to Montreal. 1122 THE A Beaman & Smith Three-Spindle Milling Machine. The betterment of tool steel has probably been of greater advantage to the milling machine than to any other machine tool, because the former carries more cut- ting points than almost any other type of machine. The benefit, however, has been felt by all classes of machine tools in that an increased output has been obtained with- out any appreciable increase in operating expense. A direct consequence has been the building of heavier and larger machines than were formerly thought necessary, of which the heavy milling machine illustrated and built by the Beaman & Smith Company, Providence, R. L., is an example. This machine consists of bed, table, uprights, cross- head and box girder below the floor line, as the prin- cipal heavy parts on which the smaller parts are sup- IRON AGE April 11, 1907 an 8-in. endwise fine adjustment, and is made with a taper end and a key to take large cutters and a No. 15 b. & S. taper hole, with drive slot across the end, to take taper shank arbors or mills. The crosshead is moved by power. The table and vertical spindle feeds range from 1 to 12 in. per minute at any spindle speed in either direction, with nine changes from the same feed box. The table has a fast movement of about 10 ft. per minute in either direction. Each spindle has independent reverse, which enables the use of slab and face mills at the same time on dif- ferent spindles, or each spindle drive can be connected or disconnected quickly by a locking lever, therefore when two or even one spindle only can be used to advantage the others can be disconnected. Each spindle head has four independent ratios of gearing—1, 2, 4 and 8—which are changed by positive clutches actuated by locking hand levers. This is not only an advantage in the in- crease of output, but it greatly relieves the driving shafts a} Tue IRON AGE A Heavy Milling Machine with One Vertical and Two Horizontal Spindles, Built by the Beaman & Smith Company, ported. The fast movement and feed of the table, the feed of the vertical spindle saddle, and, in fact, all im- portant functions can be controlled from either side of the machine by suitable levers and connections, provided with proper locking or safety devices, insuring a correct sequence of lever movements to avoid an interference between operations. This is necessary, since all move- ments are effected through positive gearing and from a direct connected motor. The general dimensions are as follows: The table has a 8 x 12 ft. working surface, is provided with six T-slots and four rows of stop pin holes, and is operated by the Sellers rack and screw movement. The bed is 31 in. wide over the table guides and is 21 ft. long. The uprights are 26 in. wide on the face, and are 10 ft. high. The distance between the uprights is 48 in. The dis- tance between the ends of the horizontal spindles is 24 to 40 in. minimum and maximum. The adjustment of the vertical spindle is from 0 to 43 in. above the table, and it has a cross feed movement of 6 ft. The centers of the horizontal spindles may be placed on a line with the top of the table, or 34 in. above it. Each spindle has Providence, R. of torsion. If the spindles of a milling machine run only in unison, then the speed of the largest cutter limits the revolutions per minute of all the spindles, therefore the feed per minute is limited by the peripheral speed of the smallest cutter, necessarily reducing the output, which is self-evident. With this machine it is not only possible to use the same cutter right or left hand, slab or face type on any spindle, but cutters of one, two or three different diameters can be used simultaneously and each with approximately the same peripheral cutter speed. For instance, the following sizes can be used simultaneously at identical peripheral speeds: 1%, 3 and 6 in. 6, 12 and 24 in. 1%, 3 and 12 in. or 1%, 6 and 12 in. 1%, 1% and 3 in. 38, 6 and 12 in. 3, 6 and 6 in. 3, 6 and 24 in. 6, 12 and 12 in. 3, 12 and 24 in. 12, 24 and 24 in. and any other 2 or 3 of the four ratios proportioned as combinations of 1, 2, 4 and 8. The importance of this possibility in a multiple spindle milling machine will be appreciated, as it enables the user to select cutters of suitable size for maximum production at minimum cost. April 11, 1907 The vertical spindle center is located 11 in. in advance of the horizontal spindle centers. By this arrangement it is possible to finish a square corner, as a face mill on the vertical spindle, and one on the horizontal spindle can each lap by the corner of the piece being milled without interfering with each other. The machine is driven by a 35-hp. 2 to 1 variable speed direct current motor controlled by a 20-point drum controller, which gives each spindle 80 changes of speed through ratios from motor to spindle of 1314, 27, 54 and 108 to 1, the speeds varying from 5% to 90 rev. per min. The weight of this machine, with motor complete, is about 50 tons. a a Canadian Bounty for Electric Smelting. Toronto, April 6, 1907.—A resolution was introduced into the House of Commons by the Finance Minister on Thursday declaring it expedient to provide for the pay- ment of bounties on pig iron and steel manufactured by electrical processes. The adoption of the resolution is, of course, not the same thing as the passage of an act on its third reading, but it is a practical certainty that the measure into which the resolution is to be turned will become law. Last week the opinion was hazarded in this