The Iron Age 1906-11-22: Vol 78 Iss 21

THE IRON AGE A Review of the Hardware, Iron, Machinery and Metal Trades. Published every Thursday Morning by David Williams Co. 14-16 Park Place, New York. Vol. 78: No. 21. New York, Thursday, November 22, 1906. ener ene ror Reading Matter Contents...... page 1408 Alphabetical Index to Advertisers ‘‘ 185 Classified List of Advertisers = Advertising and Subscription Rates ‘ WANTED! 100 to 150H. P. Boiler j HIGH PRESSURE PREFERRED. + ] a 6 P Ri £1 GOOD SECOND HAND. A Forster Pulley Works, Cuba, N. Y. u O Oa Ing i e ae: a The new five-shot, repeating, hunting rifle which loads itself and is ‘‘ big enough for the biggest game.’’ Calibre .35 Remington, veloc- The American Mfg. Co. ity 2000 feet, weight of bullet 200 grains. Solid breech, safe locking Ropes and Twines ma |system, light trigger pull, and loads with clip. Every luxury with rapid fire, knock-down execution. hey Levi Street, New York $30 list, subject to ———______—__________—“|_ dealers’ discount Te eens 1°) ae as Bristol’s Patent Steel Belt Lacing CATALOGUE FREE. uh iad fain aa, Greatest streneth| REMINGTON ARMS COMPANY, Ilion, N. Y. with Least Metal, Send for Circue AGENCY SALES OFFICE lar Qand Free | 315 Broadway, New York City San Francisco, Cal. OY TO APPLY FINISHED JOT Samples. CEE ee THE BRISTOL co.. Waterbury, Conn. ' Cltesae: tab Monsdnced. Blas. WATER TUBE Stirlin g Consolidated SAMSON SPOT CORDIROIT ERS Boiler Co, Sta Also Linen and Italian. Hemp Sash Cord. SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS, Boston, Mass.|| 1 here is no Horse Nail to Compare — aah With “The Capewell”’ Branch Office, 11 Broadway. New York. Cleveland City itv Forge and Iron Co., - Cleveland, O- a oe M05 to €71 Kent Ave. FOUNDRY |RON. Girard Building, Phila. Pilling & Crane Machesney Bidg., Pitts’g It is the most Economical, the most Durable and the most Popular horse nail in the world. Made by The Capewell Horse Nail Company Hartford, Conn Empire Bidg., New York It is Hard to Tell which does the most damage—fire or storm. With an JenKins Bros. Valves are well designed and give fullopening. They are thoroughly interchangeable so that any worn or broken part can be readily renewed. All genuine bear trade mark shown in the cut, and are guaranteed. Write for booklet. JENHINS BROS., New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, London. You needn’t ok F, holds the “wwedoh” (eld Rolled 5 (GE seed tr DL WING and lampin H “ seb ’ THE AMERICAN TUBE & STAMPING COMPANY = record for its ability to withstand | ;weterana Rail Delivery) BRrpezrort, Conn. ™ them both. MAGNOLIA METAL. AM Sacchi Best Anti-Friction Metal forall Machinery Bearings Fac-Simile of Bar. dg eee eee SHEET & TIN PLATE Z Imnitations i. COMPANY’S MAGNOLIA METAL C’., Owners and Sole Manufacturers, 112 115 Bank Street, San Francisco, Montreal and Pittsburg. We manufacture all grades of Babbitt Adv., Page 15 Chicago, Fischer Bldg. NEW YORK Metals at competitive prices. ANOTHER THING SURE AND CERTAIN IS WHEN OUR NEW OPEN HEARTH STEEL MILLS Commence to op- perate directly, we will be able to spe- cialize more accur- ately than ever in making high grades and finishes of Tin Pilates and Sheet Steels. As it is, RIGHT Now, our customers tell us we are ahead of the times in Qualities. We have been very successful always in making “ better” goods, and not just a “little” better either. FOLLANSBEE Brothers Company Pittsburgh THE IRON AGE L SHOE waits BRASS PLAIN STRAIGHT FACTS lst. The best produced, A strong statement, but the goods rove it. rass cast and rolled on the premises. Care is taken in the stock, which is clean, ductile and the right temper. . Inspection rigid; packages contain perfect nails only. No splinters nor imperfect heads. . Packed in 2 oz, and 4 oz. metal boxes. 20z., 402., 4lb. and ib. papers. One dozen packages in a carton. All goods full weight, Get our prices. RIVER COMPANY, Bridgeport Deoxidized Bronze & Metal Co. BRIDGEPORT, CONN. 2d. Phosphor and Deoxidized Bronze Composition, Yellow Brass and Alumi- num Castings, large and <ma'' Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., LA SALLE, ILLINOIS. SMELTERS OF SPELTER AND MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET ZINC AND Special Sizes of Zinc cut to order. SULPHURIC Rolled Battery Plates. ACID. Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lithographers’ use. Selected Sheets for Paper and Card Makers’ use. Stove and Washboard Blanks. ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. ANN PPA Roa HUE 105-109 So,Jefferson St.. Chicago. Best Bronze, Babbitt Metals Brass and Aluminum CASTINGS GERMAN SILVER | The Seymour Mfg. Co., - - HENDRICKS NICKEL ANODES BRASS, BRONZE, and GOPPER Seymour, Conn. BROTHERS #ROPRIETOUORS OF THE Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, MANUFACTURERS OF Brazicrs’ Bolt ama Sheathing COoOPPRrPsER, CoPrPvwER wiREe Importers and Desir: \ 1 ingot Copper, Block Tin, Speliter, 49 CLIFF ST., NEW AND RIVETS. a Lead, .Antimony, etc. t RK. THE PLume & ATwooo Mr6. Co, MANUFACTURERS OF Sheet and Roll Brass —AND— WIRE PRINTERS’ BRASS, JEWELERS’ METAL, GERMAN SILVER AND GILDING METAL, COP- PER RIVETS AND BURRS. Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kero- sene Burners, Lamps, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 29 MURRAY ST., NEW YORK. 199 LAKE ST., CHICAGO, ROLLING MILL: | THOMASTON, CONN. SCOVILL MFG. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS, GERMAN SILVER, Sheets, Rolls, Wire Rods, Bolts and Tubes, Brass Shells, Cups, Hinges, Buttons, Lamp Goods. Special Brass Goods to Order. FACTORIES : WATERBURY, CONN, FACTORIES: WATERBURY, CONN. Depots: NEW YORK. CHICAGO. BOSTON. Henry Souther Engineering C0, HARTFORD, GONN. Consulting Chemists, Metallurgists and Analysts. Complete Physical Testing Laboratory. Expert Testimony in Court and Patent Cases. Arthur T. Rutter &60, 256 Broadway NEW YORK Small tubing in Brass, Copper, Steel, Aluminum, German Silver, &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and Ger- man Silver. Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire. Brazed and Seamless Brass and Copper Tube. Copper and Brass Rod. “DedGl-Light ” OIL and GAS Bicycle Lanterns. Send ter Circulars and Klectrotypes. THE BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO., Bridgeport, Cenn. Postal Telegraph Building, Broadway and Murray St., New York, No, 7ith St.. Philadelphia, 85 to 87 Pearl 8t., Boston. PHOSPHOR-BRONZE GERMAN SILVER THE RIVERSIDE METAL CO, RIVERSIDE,N. J. THE IRON AGE New York, Thursday, November 22, 1906. The A. S. & W. Double Twin Track Drill. The portable four-spindle drill herewith illustrated is designed for the special work of drilling electric railroad rails to take rail bonds, but it contains a number of new and interesting features which may be adapted for other uses, especially in types of portable drills where more than one spindle would be desirable. It is manufactured and put on the market by the American Steel & Wire Company, Chicago, New York and Pittsburgh, in connec- tion with its railroad bond department, and is the in- veution of Charles H. Oslund, Worcester, Mass., to whom a patent has been issued. Any number of drills may be embodied in the design, with centers but a short distance ' ' q - fel jeriorte Sali et 9 <) x mage '' FRONT ELEVATION Fig. 1.—Plan, apart, so that close drilling is possible. A general view of the device is shown in Fig. 2 A notable feature of the drill is the mechanism em- ployed in obtaining a continuous cutting motion of the drill during both movements of a lever handle operating a series of ratchets. A reciprocating slide, carrying two seyles of pawls, is arranged to engage ratchet wheels fixed to the drill holders, one series operating the drills dur- ing the forward stroke of the slide, the other series per- forming the function during the reverse motion. The ac- tion of the slide also actuates the feed, which may be regulated as desired. The carriage is adjustable parallel with the rail, and each drill is independently adjustable to the work. Dogs hold the machine rigidly to the rail, and there is an arrangement so that a train or car may pass without necessitating the removal of the machine. The frame that carries the drill carriage is mounted upon a supporting bar which is rigidly clamped to the fish plates of the rail joint. The carriage rests in guides a, Fig. 1, and is moved to and from the work by the feed screw b, which may be adjusted to the work by a -4-- td} e He} oa arth ‘ Front and End Elevations hand wheel, as well as operated automatically while the drilling is in progress. On the feed screw shaft is fas- tened the ratchet e, Fig. 3, adjacent to which and rotatable on the shaft is the cam plate d. The function of this cam plate is to regulate the amount of feed by determining the number of teeth of the ratchet which shall be en- gaged by the pawl as it passes with the drill operating slide g, to which it is attached. The cam plate is ad- Justable and holds the pawl out of engagement as de- sired, the paw! riding on the edge of the plate excepting during the exposure of the required number of ratchet teeth. The drills are held in rotary holders e, which are provided with bearings on the carriage. The outer end of each holder carries a ratchet wheel f. The drill op- erating slide, shown at g, Fig. 3, is arranged to recipro- END ELEVATION THE IRON AGE Double Twin Track Drill. of the A. S. & W. eate transversely in guides ht, on the extension of the earriage, and carries two sets of pawls, i and j. The pawls i are pivoted above the ratchet wheels, the pawls j below. The action of the slide in one direction causes the upper set of pawls to engage the ratchets, while the reverse motion of the slide engages the lower set of pawls, consequently the drill rotates continuously in the same direction. The slide is operated through the lever k, Fig. 1, which has a socket for a removable handle bar. The lever is connected to the projecting lug IJ on the car- riage frame by a short link, and is pivoted to a projec- tion on the slide. A stop arm for the lever is provided at v, Fig. 1. The supporting bar upon which rests the carriage frame is rigidly fastened to the rail joint by a dog at either end. At one end is the swivel dog n, having a jaw which engages the fish plate, and at the other end is the dog o, which has a threaded adjustment, so that the drills may properly fit any curvature or unevenness of the rail. The drill frame is mounted upon the supporting bar m, and is fastened to it by clamping bolts through 1362 an elongated slot in the bar, which permits the frame and mechanism of the machine to be moved longitudinal- ly to the desired position. After longitudinal adjustment of the drills has been effected the carriage is firmly fas- tened to the rail by the two dogs. Bach is secured by the slotted arm p, as shown in the end elevation in Fig. 1, which is pivoted to the carriage and carries a dog engaging the top of the rail, being held in engagement by a set screw. Pivoted to a lug, w, on each arm, p, is a fin- ger, r, having a tooth which engages a notch in the dog. These dogs can easily be released to permit the passage of a train or car, without disturbing the adjustments of the drills. To adjust each drill individually each drill holder is formed with a slot, as shown in Fig. 4, in which is inserted a key that bears upon the end of the drill shank, and also against the face of a knurled nut or collar, threaded on the drill holder. — A Heavy Submarine Cable. The Worcester Works of the American Steel & Wire Company have just completed the heaviest cable ever produced at these works, and probably one of the heaviest which has ever been manufactured. It is 6500 ft. in length, 2%4 in. in outside diameter and weighs about 70,- 000 ib. Its purpose is to convey a powerful electric current under the waters of the St. Lawrence River, from the power plant of the Shawenegan Water & Power Com- pany at Shawenegan, midway between Montreal and Que- bec, to asbestos mines some distance away and on the other side of the river. The cable is of the three-con- ductor type, commonly used in street railroad power transmission. It will carry a 25,000-volt current. Each of the three strands is insulated with rubber before being laid up, and a general coat of the same insulation is then given. Jute is afterward laid on, and the whole is covered with heavy armor wire. The greatest care is required in preparing the cable, for the slightest imperfection would mean the instant grounding of the circuit. With perfect insulation a sub- marine cable such as this will give even better results than would the same cable above ground, because it has a practically constant low temperature, at which conduc- tivity is greater than when there is heat. The problem of 3.—-Detai! Section Showing the Ratchets and Pawls for Rotating the Spindles. Fig. laying the cable in the St. Lawrence is an interesting one. The depth of water varies from long shallows, where it is necessary to dredge in order to permit the passage of the cable boat, to a maximum depth of 60 ft. The current is somewhat rapid, which fact, coupled with the necessity of laying the cable in a straight line across the river, makes the handling of the cable boat by tugs a task of no small difficulty. Haste is being made to get the cable in place before the river is enclosed by ice. There are few instances in this country of conveying power currents by submarine cable. The Italian engi- neers have made a more common practice of it. ————— »-e—__ Morgan Rolling Mill Contracts.—The Morgan Con- struction Company, Worcester, Mass., has secured the contract for a 10 stand billet mill from the Lackawanna Steel Company, Buffalo, N. Y., this being the second Mor- gan mill installed by the company. It will be somewhat THE IRON AGE November 22, 1906 similar in design to the mill recently started up by the Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company, Youngstown, N. Y. It will take blooms 7 x 7 in., and will reduce to billets varying in size from 4 x 4 in. to 1% x 1% in. The Mor- gan Company has also secured the contract from the Vereinigte Koenigs & Laurahuette Actien Gesellchaft of Osnabrueck, Upper Silesia, Germany, for a combination merchant bar, rod and hoop mill. The principal output of the mill will be small merchant bars and hoops. —————»—»-e—__—_ The American Foundrymen’s League. At a recent meeting of the American Foundrymen’s League, held in New York City, Commissioner W. L. Fig. 2.—General View of the A. S. & W. Double Twin Track Drill. Herendeen and Secretary F. W. Hutchings of the Na- tional Founders’ Association, were present to confer on the proposal for closer relations between the two organi- zations. A committee consisting of the officers of the league were appointed to represent it in negotiations which might be had with the National Founders’ Asso- ciation. It was decided to prepare a plan for a benefit Fig. 4.—Detail of a Drill Socket Showing Manner of Adjusting the Drill Longitudinally. fund for tried and faithful employees, hélp to be ex- tended in case of illness and a stipulated sum to be paid the family of an employee in case of his death. Officers were re-elected as follows: President, BE. C. Stearns, E. ©. Stearns & Co., Syracuse, N. Y.; vice-president, Edward Gurney, Gurney Foundry Company, Toronto, Can.; treas- urer, J. B. Jones, Utica Heater Company, Utica, N. Y.; secretary, William Sleicher, West Side Foundry, Troy, nN. 3 _—_3---g@——_—__—_. The London Times’ Engineering Supplement says that the remarkable rise in the price of tin has led to investi- gations of abandoned and inadequately worked tin de- posits in Cornwall. Engineers have been examining ex- isting pumping and hoisting plants with a view to having more economic equipment adopted, but it is said there is little likelihood of any great opening for engineering en- terprise in that part of the country. November 22, 1906 The P. & W. Two-Spindle Profiling Machine with Belt Drive. A two-spindle profiling machine, known as the No. 11, which, being intended for high cutter spindle speeds, bas been arranged with belt drive for the spindles instead of the usual spiral gear drive to diminish friction and avoid heat, is a new product of the Pratt & Whitney Com- pany, Hartford, Conn. In other particulars the machine is similar to the profiling machine that was first intro- duced by this company about four years ago. These ma- chines are especially adapted for finishing the parts of guns, sewing machines and other accurate and inter- changeable work. The two spindles allow the taking of a roughing and finishing milling cut at one setting of the work, finishing it accurately to the dimensions desired and doing away with hand fitting. The driving pulley is a three-step cone with a fourth step which is belted to a back shaft on the rear of the machine. This shaft carries a drum 8% in. in diameter on which the spindle driving belts are free to travel when the spindle head slide is moved along the cross rail. The spindle pulleys are driven directly by 2-in. quarter-turn Fig. 1—The No. 11 Two-Spindle Profiling Machine with Belt Drive, Built by the Pratt & Whitney Company, Hartford, Conn, belts and are 3 in. in diameter. They are mounted on hardened and ground steel sleeves running in bronze bear- ings, which are fastened to the cross slide. All the belt pull is exerted upon these sleeves instead of the spindles. The spindles are driven by the steel sleeves, in which they have a sliding fit, and run in the same kind of bearings as used in the standard spiral gear driven machines. The drum and all of the pulleys are counterbalanced. The countershaft speed is 480 rev. per min., and the speeds of the cone pulley are regularly 675, 480 and 340 rey. per min. The spindle speeds corresponding to these are 1160, 1640 and 2300 rev. per min., respectively. The company is now prepared to furnish any of its several sizes of profiling machines with either gear or belt drive, as may be specified by the purchaser. Fig. 1 is a general view of the front and working side of the machine, which shows the means of traversing the spin- dle heads on the cross rail for cutting in a direction par- THE IRON AGE 1363 allel with the rail and also for moving the work table transversely to the rail. Fig. 2 is a detail side view show- ing the spindle drive. a The Foundry Supply Association. On behalf of the Foundry Supply Association, which recently perfected its organization at a meeting in Phil- adelphia, an announcement is made concerning the pro- visions for foundry equipment and supply exhibits in con- nection with the convention of the American Foundry- A Detail Side View Showing the Spindle Drive. Fig. 2.- men’s Association at Philadelphia in May, 1907. An armory has been secured which is 168 x 198 ft. A por- tion of the exhibits will be arranged in a lot 100 x 200 ft., adjoining the armory. These exhibits outside the build- ing will include oil melting furnaces and such machinery as requires heavy foundations. A number of exhibitors have already applied for space. Secretary H. M. Lane, 610 Schofield Building, Cleveland, Ohio, reports a large number of applications for membership in the new asso- ciation. It is expected that the attendance at the Phila- delphia convention will number fully 1000 foundrymen and foundry foremen. In addition to the officers of the Supply Association, heretofore announced, the following have been elected trustees: Howard Evans, J. W. Pax- son Company, Philadelphia, Pa.; Henry E. Pridmore, Chicago, Ill.; John Hill, Hill & Griffith Company, Cin- cinnati, Ohio; J. S. Smith, J. D. Smith Foundry Supply Company, Cleveland, Ohio; H. E. Mills, C. E. Mills Oil Company, Syracuse, N. Y.; U. E. Kanavel, Interstate Sand Company, Cleveland, Ohio. — Steel Passenger Cars. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company has called for bids for the construction of 100 all-steel noninflammable passenger cars. This will be the first lot of such equip- ment to be made in accordance with the company’s in- tention to build no more wooden cars. The decision on this point was hastened by the progress of the New York tunnel, through which the company will not run anything but absolutely fireproof cars. One experimental pas- senger car has already been built by the Pennsylvania, but the new cars will embody many improvements upon this one. The company’s shops at Altoona will complete now very shortly the all-steel baggage car which is in course of construction there, as well as an all-steel postal car— the first to be constructed by any railroad. They will be delivered about January 1. The motive power depart- ment has also just approved designs for an all-steel din- ing car, and an experimental car of this character will be started at once. The Pullman Company, at the in- stance of the Pennsylvania Railroad, is at work upon an all-steel noninflammable sleeping car. Some 500 such cars must be completed and prepared for service by the time the New York terminal is ready for operation. 13604 THE IRON AGE November 22, 1906 The National Founders’ Association. Progress on Open Shop Lines Reported at the Tenth Annual Convention. The tenth annual convention of the National Founders’ Association, held at the Hotel Astor, New York City, November 14 and 15, was one of the most noteworthy in attendance and spirit in the history of the association. The registration list showed a total of 259 names, which is high mark. The reports were of unusual importance, dealing with a year marked by strikes in many foundry centers. The energies of the association have been ex- pended as never before in combating the demands of the Iron Molders’ Union. While a number of the men prom- inent in the councils of the organization in its earlier years were active participants in the discussions of the two days’ sessions, many new faces appeared. The ac- cessions to the membership in the past two or three years have brought not a few men of marked forcefulness who are to be reckoned as important factors in the future of the movement. While the year has been one of conflict, the conservative forces in the National Founders’ Associa- tion are still strongly in evidence, and the discussions of last week’s convention indicated no change in the attitude heretofore assumed, which is one of hostility not to unionism per se, but to what are regarded as the unjust exactions of the Molders’ Union, resulting in uneconomic production and in putting the control of foundry opera- tions largely in the hands of employees. The President’s Report. Chief in interest of the features of the opening session on Wednesday morning was the report of President O. P. Briggs. The greater portion of it is given below: This convention marks the close of the tenth year of the National Founders’ Association. The year has been one of great prosperity in the foundry business; at the same time it has been attended with serious labor difficulties. The principal developments of the year were: 1. The Philadelphia strike. 2. The strike of May 2 in 47 plants. 8. Fourteen strikes subsequent to May 12 4. The joint meeting on May 5 of the Council h - bers whose shops were struck ~{ May 2. in Sec hpar sem 5. The special convention of May 12 at Chicago. 6. The referendum vote on closer co-o - tional Metal Trades Association. : SURE ore: Seite 7. The resignation of Commissioner Caldwell and ; ment of W. L. ‘Herendeen as commissioner. a 8. The results obtained in combating the strike. Philadelphia Shops Opened, During the early part of the fiscal year the attention of the association was centered on Philadelphia, where 10 of our members were in the midst of the defense occasioned by the strike of October 27, 1905, just prior to the last convention. As time rolled round the strikers were de- feated step by step, notwithstanding the fact that one of our members, the Girard Iron Works, surrendered to the union early in February. Gradually the union began to realize its defeat. shops in two years in its endeavor to force the closed shop in all its details. The drastic measure adopted to help out Philadelphia was to demand strict closed shop, written agreements in a large number of the leading foundry centers, the union be- lieving that many foundrymen would sign any agreement presented, in view of the great demand for molders at that time. They also believed that a number of foundry- men would resist, by reason of which the association would transfer enough of its molders from Philadelphia to cause the foundrymen there to promptly surrender. The May Strikes On April 28 we informed certain cities of what, in the judgment of your officers, was in store for them. Imme- diately following this date the demands referred to were presented in the cities designated. A number of foundry- men operating small shops signed with the union. In point of number of men involved those who signed were a very small proportion. The resistance of the foundrymen was far in excess of the union expectations, and on May 2 there were, according to various estimates, from 5500 to 7500 molders on strike in compliance with union orders. Forty- seven National Founders’ Association shops were affected. The Detroit meeting of the Administrative Council, the later special convention of the association at Chicago, and the decision to resist the closed shop demand of the Already it had suffered defeat in 45° union and to assess the membership for any amount necessary to carry on the contest, and the measures taken to execute the will of the convention—all were discussed in detail in the following sections of the report. Being matters of history and already recorded in these columns they are omitted. . Results of the Contest, On the question of written, closed shop agreements, we score a complete, unconditional surrender on the part of the union. Not a shop on strike on May 12 signed and the union has withdrawn the demand all over the country in its attempts to settle. In 48 shops we have obtained a complete, clean cut vic- tory, as nearly all of them are running at practically nor- mal- capacity with independent workmen and satisfactory results. In 10 shops the men were taken back on the conditions obtaining when they went out, excepting no written agree- ments. These are running under union conditions in other respects. Outside of our association, a large number followed the example we set and by so doing have won complete victories in the open shop movement. Of foundries of both members and nonmembers, all told, there are 100 that have won out completely, thus scor- ing the greatest victory over radical unionism ever recorded in the foundry industry. Due to this season’s strikes there have been installed not less than 2000 molding machines, and not less than 4000 new men have been taught the molding trade more thorough- ly than they could have been taught it in years under union rules. The results obtained by both of these mediums have sur- prised the foundrymen beyond measure, and have demon- strated beyond question the important fact that the foundry business of this country has not progressed in years gone by as rapidly as it ought, due to union control of the mold- ing machine and the limitation of apprentices. Let us hope that the molding machine may continue its progress, and that young men of mechanical ability may continue to increase in numbers in the molding trade until this industry is second to none of the mechanical pursuits. Parleying During Strikes, I am again prompted to call your attention to one gen- eral principle in dealing with this vexatious problem. I refer to the necessity of having absolutely nothing to do with union officials during a strike. Every time you grant a union representative a hearing during a strike you pro- long the struggle. When the union men leave your employ they forfeit every possible right of representation by their order and the proprietor who continues to negotiate with these officials during a strike will never win a complete victory. Do all your negotiating, trading, compromising, sacrificing and dickering before you allow a strike to occur. After it has occurred and you have made up your mind to defend yourself, cut off all negotiations and accept nothing but unconditional surrender. With but few exceptions this policy has been pursued this season and has been in a great measure instrumental in bringing about the results obtained. The Issue, I also again refer to the issue in this great strike, and repeat what I said to you on May 12, that it was one of radical unionism. In not one shop involved has the ques- tion of wages and hours formed a part of the issue to such an extent as could not have been settled in 30 minutes, had the unjust union restrictions been removed. In fact, the question of wages and hours has formed so insignificant a part of the issue in these 114 shops that I very much doubt if one journeyman molder in ten could tell you why he was on strike on May 3. The only reason they can give is, “ Because the union officials told us to.” In many cases arbitration was urged on all questions at issue and turned down flatly by the union. A certain business agent in the West said that they proposed to force the closed shop May 2. Later on, when the undertaking seemed more difficult than expected, he remarked that it would be fought out until either the union or the National Foundrymen’s Asso- ciation was bankrupt. A fair illustration of the union’s tactics is found in Milwaukee. The proprietors offered an increase to all their workmen in proportion to their qualifications and ability, but would not recognize any new minimum. The wages offered by these foundrymen would have raised all good men, and had they been accepted molders would have re- ceived, all told, from 5 per cent. to 8 per cent. more actual November 22, 1906 money than they had asked for, in that the demand was for a raise in the minimum only, thus neglecting altogether the best workmen in the city. As usual, their union mini- mum idea was uppermost in their minds, and they were ready to sacrifice all their most skilled men so long as their poor men were raised and their principles maintained. Some Lessons, Prominent among the lessons taught in this strike are: The absolute injustice of the minimum wage principle as applied to skilled labor. The mistake of employees in opposing the introduction of labor saving machinery. The rank injustice to the rising generation in limiting its opportunity of learning a trade. No organization can long continue that stands un- equivocally for reducing all mechanics to the same level, compelling the competent to divide earnings with the in- competent. This principle gradually but surely lowers the standard of the craft. Neither can an organization long endure that persists in denying to young men the oppor- tunity this country affords them to develop along the line for which they are best fitted, and to receive their reward in proportion to their ability. Also prominent among the lessons taught is the duty we as manufacturers owe our loyal foremen. When such foremen have had this work in hand the greatest progress has been made, and the foreman who cannot honestly per- form the work assigned to him when defending his em- ployers on such an issue as that presented this year is blind not only to his own interest, but to that of mankind in general. It is manifestly our duty as employers to look after both the welfare and the attitude of our foremen, to understand them, to maintain their confidence, respect and strict loyalty. If such relations cannot be maintained then a change in foremen is imperative. The greatest lesson taught is to our journeymen, If they expect to maintain an organization that will command the respect and good will of their employers it must be dominated by the conservative, fair minded element. It has been demonstrated beyond question that foundries can be operated, castings produced and success obtained in the foundry business in spite of the effort of arrogant union officials to the contrary. Co-operation with the National Metal Trades Asso- ciation, The last convention directed that a referendum vote be taken on the subject of closer co-operation with the Na- tional Metal Trades Association, and that if the resolution carried your officers. proceed to perfect the co-operation plan. The proposition failed to carry. The vote was close, however, many of those voting in the negative saying they were compelled to vote thus because of lack of knowl- edge of the proposed change. The council, therefore, main- tained the committee appointed for the purpose, feeling that the matter might be revived at some later date. The officers of the association have been so busy during this season that there has been no opportunity to give the matter further attention. As heretofore we have co-operated with that association as well as all kindred associations, both national and local, to the greatest extent possible. Literature to Workmen., The Detroit office has had in charge the circulation of a limited amount of literature direct to the workingmen. The work has been conducted with the greatest care, it being the aim to spread before these people some of the most important facts concerning the craft in which they are interested, sending it direct to their homes, where it can be read and considered with the family, without the inter- ruption and interference of the agitator always present on the street or at the shop. I believe this feature of the work has been most beneficial. If you will take the trouble to read the class of literature coming to these men con- tinually, such as is offered them, for example, by the Machinists’ Journal, the Iron Molders’ Journal and the American Federationist, and bear in mind that fhis is about the only class of literature they receive, I believe you will agree with me that a reasonable sum used by the proprietors in placing before the men their side of the case in a conservative and proper manner, is money well spent. I believe that at least three-quarters of the workingmen of this country are honest, well meaning, law abiding, fair minded citizens, and are amenable to reason; that every fair minded proprietor who can avail himself of an oppor- tunity to place his side of the case before them reaps a reward many times the expenditure. Besides this, and more important to my mind, is the fact that this direct appeal to the good sense of the employee is most beneficial. I urge you to consider the advisability of diverting a large portion of the money you are contributing to educate the proprietor to the work of educating the employee direct. I wish it distinctly understood that I am not advocating accomplishing this by means of the radical union. Let it go to the men themselves direct. I can but believe if the manufacturers of the country to-day would adopt this plan THE IRON AGE 1365 much greater benefit would be derived than from a like amount of money invested in any other way. Contract Molders. During the season we have increased the number of our contract molders to some extent. It has been our aim continually to raise the standard of these men as rapidly as possible, by weeding out those who are undesirable and replacing them with those better suited to the work. It is my judgment that greater attention should be given to securing high grade instructors, men competent to go into a foundry on short notice and break in as many new men as possible when a strike occurs. Every instructor of this kind is rendering much greater service than the journeyman molder. Finances, The finances of the association are in splendid condi- tion. Notwithstanding the enormous difficulties before us this season, but two special assessments have been neces- sary in addition to those ordered at the last convention. The reserve fund has been undisturbed. The payments for idle floors and running expenses of the association have been made promptly, and we have on hand at this time a large amount outside of the reserve fund. Recommendations, I would recommend to the incoming administration: Retaining the present office and field force. The employment of a few more high grade instructors in the molding trade. The dissemination of a reasonable amount of carefully prepared literature to our workmen. Maintaining and further perfecting our secret service. That. special attention be given to our apprentices and the education of as many molders as possible at your shops, also at the Winona Training School. The development of molding machines as rapidly as our members find it consistent with their class of work. With the greatest emphasis possible I wish to urge upon you the necessity of caring for your high grade, competent men, With the large number of shops now in the association, it should be an easy matter to relegate to the background the iniquitous minimum wage principle, and grant every workman in your employ an opportunity to receive direct benefits in proportion to his ability, industry and power to produce. I urge you to guard this point carefully, and beg of you not to allow competent men to work for you at un- reasonably low wages, believing that every case of this kind, where a good man is compelled to work for small wages or upon unreasonable conditions, forms the argument which, in the hands of union agitators, is effectively applied to their purpose. When such cases occur there is no de- fense, and it behooves us as employers to intensify our en- ergies in protecting this class of workmen. There is abundant evidence to support the statement that the conservative union molders are to-day more pro- nounced than ever before in their denunciation of the radi- cal, irresponsible leaders who in most cases dominate the organization. They are handicapped in their efforts to ex- tricate themselves from their present unfortunate position by want of competent leaders. There are but few workmen who have the courage to attempt such leadership in the face of the opposition of the radical element. There are at this time two clearly defined courses for the conservative workman to pursue. One is to rally the support of all the conservative forces and purify the union; the other is to abandon the union altogether and join the ranks of the great unorganized. The real question before you at this time is, How to assist the high grade workmen to help themselves. We as employers must be ever on the alert in our efforts to assist our honest workmen and foster the education of conservative, competent men in this trade. The Commissioner’s Report. The commissioner, W. lL. Herendeen, devoted his re- port largely to issues growing out of the May strike. We make the following extracts, the first of which re fers to the speedier results that might have been realized by united action: Your officers realized perfectly that if the foundrymen of the country would co-operate and decline to increase their molding force, thus keeping on the strike payrolls practically the entire number of men affected at that time, the already depleted treasury of the union would soon be exhausted, and that on the inability of the union to pay further strike benefits a large percentage of their members would be soon desirous of securing the old jobs under open shop conditions. To this end, as you know, several circulars were sent out by our association to all the foundrymen of the United States and Canada. I regret, however, to state that the selfish and indifferent policy of many foundrymen who are not members of our association. Being short of molders they seized this opportunity of filling up their shops, enabling the union to get at once 1366 good jobs fur a large percentage of its strikers, thus cut- ting them off the union payroll. These men by securing work were able to pay their dues and special assessments, and the great strike of 1906, which in my opinion would not have lasted more than a month or six weeks at the far- thest had foundrymen generally co-operated, has been greatly prolonged on account of this selfish, short-sighted and in- different policy. Pittsburgh as an Example. Illustrating the many advantages of supporting an organization like the National Founders’ Association, I refer to the demands at Pittsburgh in April, which were for $3.50 and a nine-hour day, this minimum to be paid alike to floor molders, bench molders and coremakers. The machinists, pattern makers and boiler makers in Pittsburgh awaited the outcome with bated breath. The manufacturers of Pittsburgh refused to grant the demands, and before the day arrived when their decision was to be acted upon by the men the union officials found so many foundrymen had resisted and the number of molders on the streets of other cities was so large that they did not dare call out their members in Pittsburgh, notwithstanding that the Pitts- burgh locals voted almost unanimously to strike. The sav- ing in money alone to the manufacturers of Pittsburgh on account of the action which they unitedly took—and this action, in my opinion, largely due to the advice and counsel of officers of the National Founders’ Association—will amount this year to several hundred thousand dollars. If the advances had been made in Pittsburgh and the $3.50 minimum recognized, the demands in other cities for the Pittsburgh wage rate would have added still further bur- dens to the manufacturing interests of the country. I believe it is generally recognized by thoughtful, broad gauge manufacturers that the determined stand taken by the National Founders’ Association this year has saved large and costly strikes among the machinists, pattern makers and boiler makers, as these unions had all been watching carefully the contest which the molders were making, and decided to press their claims if the molders won out. The Open Shop. In September our association printed a list of nearly 400 open shops and this list was compiled after a careful investigation covering several months. We did not neces- sarily take the say-so of the owner of the shop. I regret to state that there are still many foundrymen in this coun- try who will tell you very glibly that they run an open shop, but on investigation we find that no molder who does not possess a union card, or who will not take one out imme- diately on entering employment at one of these shops, is allowed to remain at work. The foreman, perhaps, unknown to the owners, acting on the pressure brought to bear by the union employees, finds an easy way to drop the man out or refuse to start him at work. Such shops we have omitted from our list. We believe that our list is not at all complete and that there are many other important foun- dries in the country operating open shops. In the next edition of this list their names will appear. But certainly this list disproves the oft-repeated statement of union agi- tators and walking delegates that a man must belong to the union in order to get employment—because in the number of open shops will be found many who make the most diffi- cult and intricate castings and who employ the highest skill and the best paid molders. I wish to call your special] attention to the large number of open shops in Chicago, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Mil- waukee, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Buffalo. I believe that in each of these places more than one-half of the molders are outside of union control. We have not only put this list of open shops in the hands of the foundrymen of this country, but have sent thousands of them to molders. Increase of Molderr, The pernicious American system of allowing only one apprentice to eight molders which has been persisted in so many years in the machinery foundries of the country, to- gether with the natural growth and increase of the foundry business, has produced a large shortage in the visible supply of molders. This scarcity has been felt by every employer in this country for several years, and last spring it was more of a handicap than ever. The large number of strikes which have been success- fully broken in the shops of our members, and in those of nonmembers who have acted in harmony with our mem- bers, have added more than 3000 new molders this year. This number, together with the large number of machine operators, coremakers and handy men, has gradually reduced the pressure felt by the employing foundrymen throughout the country. It has been a matter of great surprise to the union of- ficials that so many members of the National Foundrymen’s Association were willing this year, at a time when foundries were busier than ever before in the history of the country, to refuse to grant their demands. They confidently counted on lack of co-operation and felt that the strikes they so THE IRON AGE November 22, 1906 freely sanctioned in April would be over in a very few weeks, The Association’s Publication, It will be of interest to note that during the year ending November 1, 1906, there have been printed and distributed over 100,000 copies of the Review. These have been sent not only to members, but many of them to nonmembers, covering all the principal foundries in the United States and Canada, and also many thousands have been sent to molders. We have received more than 1500 requests from molders, largely from those who are members of the union, to be put on our mailing list to receive the Review regularly. Some have acknowledged that they get more authentic information regarding the various strikes in the country from the Review than from their own publication, the Iron Molders’ Journal. I believe that it is of great im- portance to print larger editions of the Review and to get them into the hands of union molders, because their own publication steadily suppresses the truth in regard to strikes. It often happens that the Journal continues to print each month that a strike is on at Utica, or at Erie, or some other town where for several years past the shops which had been involved in a strike have been running under abso- lutely normal conditions, with a full corps of workmen, and running successfully as open shops. The Journal evidently thinks that any admission of failure to win every strike hurts their cause. Our association has actually spent $6400 in printing and postage in circulating the 100,000 Reviews the past year. In my opinion it would be wise to extend the scope of the Review, possibly change its name to the Founders’ Review, solicit advertising, obtain second-class mailing privilege, and thus take it out of the expense column and make it self-supporting. In this way a larger number could be circulated without any expense to the association, and thousands of molders each month could be kept fully informed regarding labor matters in the foundries of the country, and the false statements contained in the Journal shown up. I believe this education of the molder of prime importance. Employment Bureau, The association has for some time maintained an em- ployment bureau, and has the addresses of hundreds of in- dependent molders in various parts of the country. This bureau has been of great assistance the past year in supply- ing molders to our members whose shops were affected by strikes. I believe that a very much larger percentage of the molders in the country are outside of the union than is generally supposed. In my opinion fully one-half are free and independent. Of course many of these men will not leaye their employment in open shops to take positions, even at advanced pay, in struck shops, so great is their fear of personal injury; but it is the aim of the association to enlarge and perfect its employment bureau and to be able at any time to supply molders to our members who are in need of them. We also have been able to put our members in touch with competent foremen, both for the foundry and coreroom, and we have usually on file applications from men competent to fill these positions, and after we have thoroughly investi- gated their references we always take pleasure in assisting them to secure employment. A large percentage of our contract men have been faithful and have rendered splendid service to our members. Secret Service. Our secret service department has been of inestimable value this year, as your officers have been kept fully in- formed of every move contemplated by the union. This in- formation has saved the association thousands of dollars and has prevented many acts of violence which have been such an important feature in previous strikes. I do not wish to be understood as claiming that no slugging and no murders have been committed by the union this year; but I do wish to state that in my opinion, judging by past experiences, a large percentage of these disgraceful attacks | have been prevented on account of the fear of punishment and the knowledge of our extensive secret service department. Chicago School for Molders. About September 1 a room was engaged in one of the old office buildings in the heart of the business section of Chicago and a school was opened for the education of young men who desired to become molders. Molding sand, patterns and flasks were contributed by Chicago members, and a competent and experienced molder, who had had ex- perience as a foreman, was put in charge. Carefully select- ing young married men under 30 who were ambitious to im- prove their earning ability and who had good references, our instructor started to teach them how to mold. The agree- ment was that the first three days the applicant devoted his time without compensation. At the end of that time, if the instructor concluded that the applicant had not sufficient qualifications to learn the business readily and make a success of molding, he was excused. If he showed ability he was then given $1.50 per day, and at the end of 10 days he was graduated and immediately entered the employ of November 22, 1906 some of our members, the member securing him paying the cost of his tuition. We have demonstrated that a young man having this preliminary education in molding can go into a foundry and begin immediately to make the simpler castings, and in a very short time can be of great benefit to his employer