The Iron Age 1905-06-15: Vol 75 Iss 24

THE LRON , A Review of the Hardware, Iron, Machinery a AGE 4 rades. . Published every Thursday Morning by David Williams Co., 232-2 n St... New York, , Vol. 75: No. 24. New York, Thursday, June 15, 1905. $5 00 @ Year, including Postage i Reading Matter Contents ..... page 1928 Alphabetical Index to Advertisers ‘‘ 185 Classified List of Advertisers.... “‘ 177 Advertising and Subscription Rates ‘‘ 184). M't’d by Forster Pulley Works, Cube, N. Vs Stee CORDAGE THE AMERICAN MFG. CO., 65 Wall Street, N. Y. SEE PAGE 128. ‘SELL They sell reliable well advertised Staple Cartridges —in plain English U. M. C. CARTRIDGES DEALERS DEAL eyes ew They ‘‘carry’’ any _kind of Cartridges—usually Bristol's ‘iocarding some dead weight big profit (?) Cartridges—which Jnatraments. never move. SEL L E R OR DEALER? For Preequre Temperature THE UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO., Bridgeport, Conn. = Gold Medal, St. Louis no Agency, 313 Broadway, New York City Depot, 86-88 First St., San Francisco, — -- “aot | All Ranges, Low Pricee, and Guar- anteed. Send for Cirew! ulars. SEE samson spor cond|(CCATTAT | BOILERS = wi Also Linen and Italian Hemp Sash Cord. SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS, Boston, Mass. TURNBUCKLES,. aie oa maa ice, 11 Broadway, New York. cevtandllle Forme aad taste Cleveland, O, CAPEWELL HORSE NAILS IN HEAVY WORK St. Louis, Mo. Jan. 26, 1905. r The Capewell Horse Nail Co., ; Hartford, Conn. Gentlemen :— Replying to your favor of the 23d instant it gives us Pane pleasure to state that our horses (250)have been shod with your nails ge exclusively for many years, and always with the most satisfactory BROS. results; consequently, we highly recommend the Capewell horse nail. Brooklyn, N. Y. Mill. Ginder. Very truly yours, ANHEUSER BUSCH BREWING ASS'N. AUG. A. BUSCH, Vice-President. MADE BY rard Building, Phila. : PILLING & CRANE, femitnmatert THE CAPEWELL HORSE WAIL CO., Hartford, Conn. Boston. A V HILE very simple in construction, and not the least complicated, the Excelsior Straightway Back Pressure Valve Valuable Por aera fermen peg isyequally adapted as a Free Exhaust or Relief valve for condensers Book JENKINS BR BROS., New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, London. “Secon” Gold Rolled Steel csr, Drawing » Stamp Sent Free THE AMERICAN TUBE elle tot cOomP SEE : ! : Water and Kat] Delivery) BRIDGEPORT, CONN, PAGE ' See MAGNOLIA METAL. Best Anti-Friction Metal for all Machinery Bearings. | of AMERICAN SHEET & TIN PSeware of PLATE COMPANY'S “ MAGNOLIA METAL CO., Ownersand Sole Manufacturers, 3-116 Bank Street, 58% Francisco, Montreal, and Pittsburg. Ad Page 25. Chi.ago, Fisher Bidg. NEW YORK. We manafuceare all gradea of Babbite Moras st — (HE PLUME & ATWooD MF6. Co (iin BRASS all Ce eso st itl COPPER; | wire GERMAN { s*€=" SILVER “QUEEN'S RUN” — “Lock HAVEN” . aR ENG Maas Lock HAVEN, PA. SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER TUBING. BRAZED BRASS AND _|BRONZE TUBING. :::: 3:32:33 || WATERBURY BRASS C0., WATERBURY, CONN. 99 John St., New York. Providence, R. I. Bridgeport Deoxidized Bronze & S$ hiele't | § tlele “ | | Piijaltie Seat : = r eer F r n ro, ee eS i eer Pe aes du ne pee - BESSA MIE ts. os : a | jain | reid | | ls Tin Metal bo, Ta allil klijnidis BRIDGEPORT, GONN. re Automobile Castings a Specialty. rv o | ans b ce High Tensile Strength. Brothers Bronze and Aluminum Alloys. Write Us. Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., LA SALLE, ILLINOIS. SMELTERS OF SPELTER AND MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC ACID. Special Sizes of Zinc cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates. Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lithographers’ use. Selected Sheets for Paper and Card Makers’ use. Stove and Washboard Blanks. ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. TN Aire ecesui LL HAlicaeo oe Hee te ta c = oe Co. 883-7 & Wwe: Best Bronze, Babbitt ee =e ae na rass, Bronze and #2 Aluminum 2 CASTING S en Ww. G. ROWELI CO., ridgeport, Con HENDRICKS BROTHERS . Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, 3 Braziecrs’ MANUFACTURERS OF Bolt and Sheathing .. COPPER, a COPPwER Ww iREeE AND RIVETS. Importerg and Dealers in Ingot Copper, Block Tin, Spelter, Lead, 49 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK. Antimony, etc. PRINTERS’ BRASS, JEWELERS’ METAL, GERMAN SILVER AND GILDING METAL, COPPER RIVETS AND BURRS, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kero. sene Burners, Lamps, Lamp Trimmings, &c. LOW BRASS. SHEET BRONZE. |* MURRAY ST., NEW YORK. 144 HIGH ST., BOSTON. 199 LAKE ST., CHICAGO, ROLLING MILL : | FACTORIES ¢ THOMASTON, CONN. WATERBURY. CONN. SCOVILL MFG. CO., MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS, GERMAN SILVER, Sheets, Rolls, Wire Rods, Bolts and Tubes, Brass Shells, Cups, Hinges, Buttons, Lamp Goods. Special Brass Goods to Order. FACTORIES: WATERBURY, CONN, DEPOTS: CHICAGO. NEW YORK. BOSTON. Henry Souther Engineering Co. HARTFORD, CONN. Consulting Chemists, Metallurgists and Analysts. [sev etanetnantes | Complete Physical Testin saponte Ex Testimony im Court and Patent Ca —— Arthur T. Rutter & Gn 256 Broadway, NEW YORK. Small tubing in Brass, Copper, Steel, Aluminum, German Silver, &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and Ger- man Silver. Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire. Brazed and Seamless Brass and Copper Tube. Copper and Brass Rod. “Searel-Light” OIL and GAS > Bicycle Laniemns. Send ter Circulars and Klectretypes. THE BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO. Bridgeport, Cena. 19 Murray 8t., N.Y. 17 No. 7tb 8t., p Paeselphta 8 to 87 Pearl St., Bost« GEORGE KROUSE HEAVY CASTINGS Manufacturer of all kinds of Brass and Composition Castings Brazing Metals, Hard Composition and Phosphor Rronze Castings a Specialty 160 to 164 Morgan Street. JERSEY CITY. WN. J 0, 5 MAR ETS er, pr nd nd be. THE IRON AGE New York, Thursday, June 15, 1905. The New Pawling and Harnischfeger Plant. Pawling & Harnischfeger, Milwaukee, Wis., makers of cranes, hoists, boring mills, steam saw mill feeding en- gines and electrical machinery, have just moved into their new plant at Thirty-eighth and National avenues. This plant is interesting not only because it is one of the largest of the kind in the world, but particularly because it embodies an ideal system of cranes, hoists and other means for lifting and conveying material. The plant in- cludes a main factory, 260 x 353% feet, one-story high; a foundry, 110 x 150 feet, with two 66 x 66 foot storage wings ; a pattern shop, 50 x 100 feet, and a pattern ware- house, 50 x 116 feet, three stories high; an engine and boiler house, 45 x 105 feet, and a three-story office build- ing, 50 x 75 feet. All of the factory buildings except the Fig. 1.—View in the Girder Shop of the New pattern warehouse have saw tooth roofs with northern ex- posure, through which overhead lighting is obtained in addition to that received through the windows in the side walls. The excellence of the lighting may be appreciated from the photographs reproduced herewith, all of which were taken with daylight alone. A plan of the works showing the disposition of the present buildings and the service of the railroads is given in Fig. 2, and Fig. 3 shows the layout of the main build- ing, containing the machine and erecting shops with their special departments. The latter figure also gives an idea of the location of the most important tools and the crane equipment. The Girder Shop. As will be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, the main machine shop building is divided into seven bays. Each of these has its overhead girder, or l-beam electric traveling crane. The extreme western bay, shown in Fig. 1, is known as the girder shop. Spanning this bay and running from one end to the other is a 15-ton electrically operated box girder crane of 60-foot span, having a 5-ton auxiliary hoist. A second crane of same dimensions will soon be placed on the same runway to provide for carrying long structural members without necessitating balancing. On the west side of the building, underneath the gallery, which is used as a templet shop, is a 3-ton 28-foot span trolley bridge, controlled electrically. Between these two is a chain block trolley made from a 12-inch I-beam sus pended on trolleys, or shoes, running on the flanges of small I-beams that are suspended from the edge of the gallery. This trolley is moved back and forth by a long shaft and sprocket, a sprocket chain being attached to each of the trolleys on the small I-beams. When the shaft is revolved it moves all the sprockets and trolleys simultaneously, causing the large I-beam, or carrier Pawling & Harnischfeger Plant at Milwaukee, Wis. beam, to travel uniformly. Trolleys, to which tackle is hung, run on the lower flange of the I-beam. This trolley system is used for feeding beams, plates, &c., into the heavy punches and shears below it. The advantage of being able to hold a long structural shape suspended in perfect line and to convey it without losing the alignment is apparent. On the opposite side of this shop are two small hand actuated traveling wall cranes, from each of which is sus- pended a Hanna portable pneumatic compression riveter. The cranes and hoists in this department are so arranged that they reach every spot of the floor and material may be picked up by one and transferred to another, often without lowering the article to the ground, and thus con- veyed from any part of the department to any other with- out hand labor. Other machines in this department in- clude two large Cleveland punches, a large Cleveland angle shear, two cold saws, a cutting off machine, a bolt cutter, drill presses, an air compressor and a new Cleve- land bulldozer. All large tools are direct connected to motors. aS as a at i ana Nee i Se ee ee etait stan Apa. ane ee er Sa canal Snes Pe Pf ment oe Be — Paes som Seer eas + Cg aay ante che Pen meee aes ye one i 1874 The Erecting Shop. Fig. 4 is a view in the erecting shop. Here two 15-ton electric cranes run on the same track, the span being 60 feet. These cranes are used independently or in conjunc- tion when long members are handled, making it unneces- | | | } | | | } | | } GIRDEP S110P PROFOSED || EXTENSION i ! THE IRON AGE June 15, 1905 gauge railway, which also extends through the building and has a turntahe and branch for each bay. This sys- tem connects all of the buildings. At present no locomo- tives are used, the cars on ball bearing trucks being pushed by hand. Spur sidings from the railroads have | PATTERN sHoP tsT STORY STORAGE SRO STORY PATTERN THE (RON AGE Fig. 2.—@round Plan of the New Pawling & Harnischfeger Plant. sary to adjust the tackle to balance the load, as is required when only one crane is used. Two spurs extending from the tracks of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul and the Chicago and Northwestern unt Fase ORIEL PRESS BLACK- ch = MOTOR DRIVEN eMITH am SHOP BULLDOZER COMPRESSOR — aa OS Fig. 3.- railways enter the girder shop and one the erecting shop. These are of sufficient length within the building to accommodate four cars. Heavy material for these shops can be unloaded directly from the cars by the cranes. A large beam yard lies back of the building and is served by the spurs from the railroads and a narrow cs - — - GRINDING i @ ARMATURE w CASE HARDENING a Z - ROOM AND TOOL FORGING ZDISK PUNCHES Zz s2a4% © 30 2.2 < Bor = bres 3 ¢ <5 3 TOOL ROOM i z we = oF ¥ 2 o o 2 z@ - ° 3 e € 2 za - = @ 2 Ww zo to an ae ao a 5 2 eo S 2 5 TON 38 FOOT > | ___storace | Z < = SPAN ELECTRIC ASH TANKS I BEAM TRAVELING CRANE s —_" $s a 5 5 o| a ° o Fee bro z S| a 3 TOILET & ® z 5 /S = = - 3 « = °c re Cp o oOo « o ao . MACHINE SHOP 2 2 PUNCH ° AND SMEAR ate tien z 7 Zo 4 5 ao o — CRANE ’ PAN ELEC 2 5 = o 2 5 ; ow BEAM TRAVELING CRANE | . , s , et ——-0- -——-- --y - @b----- ae ar aot ate pega *ae >|| AND SHEAR 2 z 2 ao < a wc 5 o > o y © a e- £2 « 5 = ¥ w wasn TANKS L fae aie Sz ? : ge o ° a a 3 ef § x « ze TOWET z z 8 25 z z|| & ~ = 2c z a $o°0> ¢& = . = = “8 za 3 3\| & ’ 22 3 ¥<3 5 2|| 4 Fe 2 CRANES 2 3 ae \ 3 15 TON CRANES ©2°D 60 FOOT SPAN a z o w o 60 FOOT SPAN °] 18 TON TROLLEYS 3 5 uate a‘ 5 TON 2 & ae a é - a’ : S21] COSI" AuiARY HOIST Fch ra * o o 2 = £ £3 B 8s -) || |CUTTING OFF zs = é MACHINE —_ © Plan of the Machine Shop of the also been laid, reaching the power house and foundry, to bring fuel for the former and iron and sand for the lat- ter directly to the points where they are to be stored. These narrow and standard gauge tracks, in connection with INDUSTRIAL CRAILWAY STORAGE GALLERY OVER THE IRON AGE New Pawling & Harnischfeger Plant. the very extensive system of cranes and hoists, facilitate the transfer of materials and finished work from one de- partment to another. The Trolley Assembling Department, Fig. 5 is a view taken fromthe north end of the trol- ley assembling bay. In the immediate foreground is the June 15, 1905 department where the steam feeding engines for saw mills made by this firm are assembled and tested. The remainder of this bay is chiefly used for the work of machining, assembling and erecting trolleys. It contains two Pawling & Harnischfeger horizontal boring machines and two specially designed horizontal drill presses. A 5- ton 38-foot span electric crane of I-beam type runs over- head. The Machine Shop. The view given in Fig. 5 may be taken as nearly typical of the next three bays, except in tool equipment, which constitute the machine shop proper. The first of these three bays contains a low row of planers on the east side and on the opposite side a number of special boring mills. This bay is served by a 5-ton 38-foot span electric I-beam crane with trolley. The next bay con- tains a toolroom at the north end, where tools for use in the plant are made and stored. Beyond the toolroom is a lavatory, and opposite to it a row of gear cutters, some THE IRON AGE 1875 of this bay. A motor to be tested is connected to a test- ing generator by a flexible coupling to eliminate journal friction due to imperfect alignment, and the motor is then practically under the same conditions as when assembled on the crane. The testing generator is not attached to a fixed base, but swings on the journals of the armature shaft, and has attached to it two lateral arms. One arm is fastened to weighing scales, which measure the effort to rotate, while the other arm acts as a counterbalance. These arms are made a specified length (63% inches) from the center of the generator, to reduce the horse- power formula for a Prony brake to a convenient fac- tor of one one-thousandth, making the equation read r. p. m. X pounds pull or The tacho- meter, or speed indicator, is fastened to the end of the motor shaft by a portable connection. The machines are wired up in parallel. The motor is brought to its normal speed, and the field current of the testing generator is -== brake horse-power. Fig. 4.—A View in the Erecting Shop Adjoining the Girder Shop. of which were designed and built by the company to meet particular requirements. This bay has the same crane equipment as the two previously mentioned. All of the machinery in the three machine shop bays is belt driven through countershafting from a line shaft for each group. Each line shaft with its group of countershafts is driven by an independent motor, and is suspended from a girder by brackets in such a way as to leave unobstructed pas- sage for the crane and its hoist. The motors are mounted on brackets secured to the iron columns. A typical de- tail of this system, which is in vogue throughout the plant, is given in Fig. 6. The toolroom and lavatory extend into the third bay of the machine shop, and opposite to them is a line of turret lathes and lathes of various types. Beyond these is a row of engine lathes extending nearly to the far end of the section. This bay has the same crane equipment as the last three described. The Electrical Department, The last bay in the building contains the electrical department. Armature winding is done at the south end, and on the west side are the small tools used in the con- struction of motors, controllers and other electrical de- vices. A testing laboratory, where motors and controllers are tried out after completion, is located at the north end E regulated until the voltage in the latter is the same as the voltage supplied the motor when the two are switched together. The current for starting the motor and excit- ing the testing generator is supplied from an outside source. The motor load may be varied by varying the field current in the testing generator. Controllers are tested by wiring them with a motor of large carrying capacity, the armature of which is held by a specially de- signed brake, this brake being controlled during a test for any desired amperage. The records of motor and crane tests are kept in a very complete card index sys- tem, which enables the supplying or duplicating of any part of the mechanical and electrical equipment of a crane. The Wheel Grinding Department. Just back of the trolley erecting department is a room containing two grinding machines for truing the treads of crane truck wheels. A wheel to be ground is mounted on the end of a slowly revolving shaft, which is sup- ported in a carriage or bed having screw feed to adjust the work to the grinding wheel. The emery wheel is se- cured to a shaft which has a lateral motion for moving it back and forth across the face of the wheel to be ground. The hand wheels for regulating the motion of both the emery and the truck wheel are very sensitive. oe 7 ee “age 2 leanay Ne Stabnpreeig,: i | . tats. E BL ret ee ee 1876 THE IRON This special machine was designed by its users. Great care is taken in the work of wheel grinding, each truck wheel being ground to a standard circumferential meas- ure, as the slightest excess of diameter in a truck wheel at one end of the crane over the other would cause the crane to travel out of alignment. Dust in the room is + AGE June 15, 1905 buildings about 15 feet above the floor, from which header branches extend to banks of coils overhead in each bay. These heating pipes can be seen high above the crane runway in the various illustrations of the plant. After the steam is passed through the heating coils the conden- sation is returned to the engine room by a vacuum sys- i baad oat oy a aay Fig. 5.—View of the Trolley Assembling Department, Taken from the North End. avoided by means of suction pipes, whose mouths rests immediately over the grinding wheels. The Foundry. Separated from the main factory by the casting stor- age yard is the foundry, illustrated in Fig. 7. This foun- dry is equipped with a large 15-ton plate girder crane, 60- foot span, besides a 3-ton electric hoist in the bay. Iron is melted in a 15-ton Whiting cupola. Molding machines are not used, as the work is largely special and duplication of molds is not sufficiently great to warrant the use of molding machines. The Power House. The power house equipment consists of the following: Two internally fired boilers, one of which has a Hawley down draft furnace, one boiler having been built by the Power & Mining Machinery Company, Cudahy, Wis.; the other by the S. Freeman & Sons Mfg. Company, Racine, Wis.; a 15 horse-power locomotive boiler built by the latter company; two 200 horse-power Reynolds-Corliss engines furnished by the Allis-Chalmers Company, Mil- waukee; one 75 horse-power Ames high speed engine ; two 2°5-kw. 220-volt generators, two 50-kw. light dynamos, one 50-kw. testing dynamo, one Norwalk Iron Works air compressor, one 750-gallon Fairbanks-Morse Company’s fire pump for the sprinkler system and fire hydrants and three Prescott pumps for boiler feed and water supply. The water supply for the plant is pumped from an arte- sian well 500 feet deep, which supplies 100 gallons a minute. The Heating System, The whole plant is heated by what is known as the Van Auken system, installed by Van Auken Brothers, Chicago. This system utilizes exhaust steam from the power house during the day and live steam nights and Sundays. The steam from the engines is passed into an 8-inch header, which is secured to the walls of the various tem operated by a Marsh pump in the engine room. A tunnel connects the power house to the machine shop building and also the foundry, with a branch conduit run- ning from the main factory to the pattern shop. All elec- tric wires for power and light, the pipes for steam heat- ing and water supply, the pipes for compressed air and Was - \ Hi Fes ND WY CLE, HLL URL i) a a i ww €----- ~ wes iL! weh-.2 ’ ven " “ ‘} * hs xs At Fig. 6.—A Typical Shafting Detail. the return pipes of the heating system pass through these tunnels. Electrical Power. It has been noted before that all the machinery in the plant is operated by electric motors. Current for these motors is supplied by generators in the power house, as before alluded to. Each shop or bay has its separate switch and circuit breaker, so that when it becomes neces- sary, because of accident or trouble, to shut down machin- ery it can be so done that only one bay of the whole plant is affected. An extensive shop telephone system is also in use, telephones being stationed at each foreman’s June 15, 1905 and subforeman’s desk throughout the plant, connecting with the main office building, but not connecting with the city telephone line. Emergency Hospital, In the front part of the main building under the bal- cony is a room known as the Emergency Hospital, which :- 2 Ww gai RS OF erg rl an ° oe ws . Ly iy , ; oS ’ 7 THE IRON AGE 1877 of the space below it serving for the storage of supplies, such as set, cap and machine screws, bolts, washers, elec- trical supplies, &c. Though thousands of different arti- cles in quantities ranging from a handful to several tons are stored, everything has its distinctive pocket or bin, and a system of numbers and letters is used in connection Fig. 7.—The Foundry of the New Pawling & Harnischfeger Plant. is fitted up with a complete outfit for giving emergency treatment to injured employees. System and Order. A visitor to this plant is immediately impressed with the fact that order and system are enforced to the mi- nutest detail. The tools and materials instead of lying about in helter skelter manner are stored in racks, bins : T= +n | etiethnet teenie eemine-1 et i ea ee ee ah H ; ; | | : ] nt eee en ee ne Fig. 8.—A Specimen of the Storage Racks for Bolts and Small Parts. or other stated places, and very liberal provision is made for such storage. Several forms of steel racks are shown, the one illustrated in Fig. 8 being very largely used. The shelving is of sheet steel, with %-inch pipe uprights, %- inch steel rods and wrought iron base plates and, tie strips. Nearly the whole front or south end of the main building is double decked, the balcony as well as most with the storekeepers’ lists, which shows the exact loca- tion and quantity of each article in any size. The Office Bullding, The office building, like all the other structures in the plant, is of brick and steel construction, and is hand- somely finished throughout. The drafting room contained in this building is exceedingly well lighted, the main light being received from a row of windows on the north side, with supplementary illumination from windows in other walls and through an overhead skylight. Sewerage and Drainage. The topography of the land has greatly facilitated the installation of the gravity sewerage system, as the land in the rear half of the 20-acre inclosures slopes rapidly to the north. All the buildings of the plant are connected by lines of pipes of large diameter with suitable traps to a main 8-inch sanitary sewer, which has a grade of from 5 to 6 per cent., connecting with a septic tank, purifying works and filter beds. A 15-inch storm sewer, also leading to the filter beds, is connected with all the buildings of the plant. A Bit of History. Pawling & Harnischfeger is a partnership consisting of A. Pawling and H. Harnischfeger. The firm founded 20 years ago in a small way, operating a ma- chine and jobbing repair shop, located at Clinton and Oregon streets, where the firm has been located up to the time of its removal a few weeks ago to the new plant. Its first work consisted largely of jobbing work and machine tools, and later a partnership agreement entered into with A. J. Shaw, who was at that time a draftsman for the E. P. Allis Company, to build electric traveling cranes. For several years the Shaw cranes were built at the Pawling & Harnischfeger shops until the Shaw Elec- tric Crane Company erected its own works at Muskegon, Mich. The new Pawling & Harnischfeger plant employs 450 men. Its cost, exclusive of equipment, was in the neigh- borhood of $300,000. The tract of land, 20 acres in all, is ample for the likely growth of the industry, and the was was > Ril ie eanee MNBGRIS Ten Ges be Be yes Vertis, setae 5, aM Fe wheat Rese Shy ms. 187 THE IRON buildings are so erected and planned that any one of them can be enlarged or even doubled in length without in any way destroying its proper relationship to the others for the most economical transfer of materials and work. —_———_--- The Reed Motor Driven Engine Lathe. The accompanying illustration shows the new type of motor driven lathe built by the F. E. Reed Company, Worcester, Mass. The machine shown is a 24-inch, but the same general idea of drive will be applied to all the sizes manufactured by this company. The lathe differs from that which this company has previously built for motor drive in that all rocking gears are dispensed with as well as chain drive. All shafts are fixed, the dr‘ve being direct from the motor pinion through a chain of gears to the spindle. The General Electric Company’s Cc. R. type of variable speed reversing motor has been adopted for this lathe, the speed variations of the motor being from 500 to 1500 revolutions per minute. Twenty forward speeds are obtained directly from the motor to AGE June 15, 1905 the institute were in a large majority opposed to this union, but the action of the corporation is presumed to be final. The identity of the institute will be retained, and it will have the income of the various funds which now support the Lawrence Scientific School, as well as the income of the large McKay endowment. The alli- ance as proposed contemplates the erection of a new home for the institute on the Charles River, at a point about opposite Harvard University in Cambridge. ee a The Independent Pneumatic Tool Company.—This company has bought the plant and business of the Aurora Automatic Machinery Company, Aurora, IIl., which has recently placed on the market the Thor pis- ton air drills, reversible and nonreversible, and the Thor pneumatic riveting, chipping, calking and beading ham- mers, piston air motor hoist, air turbine saws and other pneumatic tools and appliances. Temporary general of- fices of the company have been established in the First National Bank Building, Chicago. The Aurora plant is a large one and is admirably equipped for the production a EM ae THe IRON AGE The Reed Motor Driven Engine Lathe. the spindle, and ten reversing speeds, that number pro- viding sufficient variations with the same extreme ranges. The lathe is double back geared, so that 20 additional speeds are obtained through each of the back gears, making a total of 60 forward and 30 reversing speeds, the variation being from 7 to 200 revolutions per minute of the spindle. The ratio from motor to spindle on the direct drive is 7.75 to 1, and 23.25 to 1 and 69.75 to 1, respectively, for the two back gear drives. These speeds are on the basis of a cutting speed of 50) feet per minute. \ The lathe is equipped with a convenient device for handling the speeds, which is of importance where large lots of the same size of piece are to be worked. The con- troller, located at the side of the head directly below the motor, is operated from a reversing box fastened to the right hand side of the apron, the connection being through bevel gears and shaft. The dial of the reversing box on the apron is marked for each speed, forward and reversing, and for the point at which there is no electric connection. ————p)-o———__—_ The corporation of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has voted in favor of the proposed alliance with Harvard University. The faculty' and alumni of of pneumatic tools of every description. It is described as having a capacity of 1000 tools a month. The offi- cers of the new company are as follows: President, James B, Brady, widely known in railroad supply cir- cles ; vice-president, W. O. Jacquette, who has been for years in the railroad supply business; second vice-presi- dent, John D. Hurley, one of the founders of the Stand- ard Pneumatic Tool Company, which was absorbed by the Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company; secretary, A. B. Holmes, who was assistant manager of the Standard Pneumatic-Tool Company ; treasurer, C. E. Erikson, who was treasurer of the Aurora Company; mechanical su- perintendent; A. Levedahl. The Board of Directors in- cludes men of prominence in Chicago business life and consists of the following: James B. Brady, W. O. Jac- quette, John P. Hopkins, John D. Hurley, Simon Flor- sheim, John M. Glenn, J. J. McCarthy, C. E. Erikson and Louis D. Dailey. The company is now manufactur- ing a full line of pneumatic tools and is beginning ac- tively to push their sale. ——3-o_______ The National Transit Company is buying two sets of 1000 horse-power gas engines coupled with generators for power purposes for use in the West Virginia gas belt. Shae ok June 15, 1905 A New Bickford Vertical Chucking Machine. The 36-inch vertical chucking machine illustrated herewith was designed as a moderate priced tool for cer- tain classes of work which are usually done on an engine lathe. The machine has some of the features of the ver- tical boring and turning mills built by its makers, H. Bickford & Co., Lockport, N. H., including the octagon spindle. The spindle feed is operated by a pinion on the feed shaft extending through the spindle box, which en- gages a rack cut in the spindle. The friction worm drive is on the left side of the head and is unusually large and heavy. This worm runs in oil and is driven by a power- fully geared feed shaft connected with the main driving The Bickford 36-Inch Vertical Chucking Machine. shaft through a four-step cone pulley by a 1 inch belt, giving four changes of feed. The large hand wheel on the right side of the head in the illustration provides the quick return, and the friction feed is engaged through the small wheel located at the same point. The table is driven by heavy planed bevel gears, and turns on a large spindle fitted with boxes that are accessi- ble and easily adjusted. The weight of the table and work is carried by a hardened and ground steel step sub- merged in oil and adjustable by a wedge and heavy screw, which may be seen in the front bottom flange of the frame. The driving shaft is supported by three long bearings, the outer one of which is supported from the main frame of the machine by a heavy arm. The same form of octagon tool spindle is used as is supplied with the Bickford boring and turning mill, because it is be- lieved that this form will wear longer and may be more easily adjusted than any other. It is carefully scraped to a bearing on four alternate sides and is adjustable for wear. The spindle is counterbalanced by a weight inside of the frame of the machine. The lower end of the tool spindle is bored to a No. 6 Morse taper to receive tools. The end of the spindle is vertically over a 1 15-16-inch reamed hole in the table to allow the use of a strong and THE IRON AGE 1879 rigid boring bar. The total vertical movement of the tool spindle is 29 inches and it will withdraw into its box 644 inches to facilitate removing work without de- taching the boring tool. The table ordinarily furnished is 37 inches in diame- ter and is provided with T-slots. Detachable chuck jaws can be furnished or a complete special chuck table to order. The driving cone pulleys have five steps, each 3% inches wide, and at a countershaft speed of 82 revo- lutions per minute give table speeds ranging from 15 to 50 revolutions per minute, suitable for boring holes from 1144 to 5 inches in diameter at a cutting speed of 20 feet a minute. . The over-all hight of the machine to the top of the counterbalance chain is 8 feet 54% inches, and the floor space occupied 7 feet 6 inches x 3 feet 1% inches. Its actual swing is 37% inches and it will take work 23 inches high. The machine is primarily intended for bor- ing car wheels, gears and a variety of work of this class where quick and accurate results are required at the least outlay for equipment. Oo The Philadelphia Foundrymen’s Association. The regular one hundred and forty-eighth meeting of the Philadelphia Foundrymen’s Association was held at the Manufacturers’ Club, in that city, June 7. This meet- ing was somewhat of a departure from those usually held by the association, inasmuch as the address made before the association, entitled “ Providing Physical Comfort Where Labor is Performed,” was delivered by Miss Ger- trude Beeks, secretary of the Welfare Department of the National Civic Federation, New York. This is the first time that a lady has addressed the association, and was also the first meeting at which ladies were in attendance. Miss Beek’s address, which was illustrated with a large number of lantern slides, brought out the many advan- tages of proper ventilation, drinking water, lunch rooms, shower baths, locker rooms, light, hospital and gymna- sium work in foundries and machine shops, as well as other industrial plants, and was greatly appreciated by the members, their friends and ladies present. The treasurer reported a substantial balance in the treasury with all debts paid, and adjournment was taken until September 6, covering the usual summer recess. a The Milwaukee Industrial Exposition Building, occu- pying a full square near the heart of the city, burned to the ground June 4. The building was erected in 1880 at a cost of $200,000, and for many years was used for an annual industrial exhibit of the manufacturing and commercial industries of Milwaukee. It had also beeu used for many large public assemblages and conventions, which had trade exhibits as an accessory feature. One of the last conventions of this character was that of the Carriage Builders’ National Association in October, 1904. The burning of the old structure has given added impetus to a movement to erect a mammoth auditorium building suitable for concerts, conventions and trade exhibits. The Merchants’ and Manufacturers’ Associa- tion of Milwaukee fathered a bill before the Legislature, which since the fire has been pushed to an early pas- sage, and which will make possible the organization of a corporation which in connection with the municipality of Milwaukee will be authorized to erect a building suita- ble for such purposes. The plans at present talked of contemplate the erection of a building to cost $400,000. With 16 vessels under order at lake shipyards for delivery in 1906 practically all available berths are now taken a year ahead, a condition never existing before. With repairs, the lengthening of vessels and further or- ders pending for new vessels, full occupation for the lake yards seems now assured for 18 months. The 16 vessels, as above, added to those finished, or to be finished, this year, make a total of 40 new boats, with a total ore carrying capacity on one trip of 360,500 tons. In a sea- son, estimating 20 trips, they could carry 7,210,000 tons of ore. Such an unprecedented addition to the lake fleet suggests large expectations as. to the increase in iron ore shipments in the next few years. SRO: (a OE One cn MARK Be ARR ROTEL. toga Matas ‘ ane Bes arsed “¥ ae on gear” 1880 THE IRON AGE The New Bristol Recording Voltmeter. The importance of maintaining uniform voltage in the generation and distribution of electricity for light and power has long been appreciated by both the producer and the consumer. A variation of comparatively a small percentage in the voltage of an incandescent lighting cir- cuit from the standard for which the lamps are designed causes great loss in the life of the lamps and results in wide fluctuations in the efficiency and candle-power. In the application of electric power, as, for instance, on an electric railway, it is of great importance that the voltage be maintained regardless of the variations in the load. The recording voltmeter has proved itself to be of great value and is an indispensable part of a modern electric plant, since it accurately, automatically and con- June 15, 1905 The solenoids shown in the illustration are connected, so that when current is passing through them in series the movable solenoid will be repelled from, instead of being attracted toward, the stationary one. The movable sole- noid is mounted on a frictionless knife edge multiplying device, which transmits its motion to the pen arm, carried by the knife edge blade. This simple multiplying device permits the solenoids to be located very near each other, and consequently the magnetic field of force is uniform throughout the motion of the solenoid, resulting in the desirable scale divisions of the chart. By making the constructions of the solenoids so that there is repulsion instead of attraction, the mutual induc- tance between them is neutralized, thus making the same instrument suitable for recording either alternating or direct current. The instrument is independent of the rate The New Bristol Recording Voltmeter for Both Direct and Alternating Current. tinuously furnishes a written record of the slightest variation of the voltage. The recording voltmeters manu- factured by the Bristol Company, Waterbury, Conn., have been extensively adopted, but up to the present it has been necessary to furnish the instruments with entirely different current coils, according to their use as employed upon alternating or direct current circuits. In many electric plants both alternating and direct current are generated, and if the same voltmeter can be used equally well for recording either kind of current it is quite evident that a valuable advance has been made. This has been accomplished, the accompanying illustra- tion showing a special portable form of the instrument. The case is provided with a handle and leveling screws for convenient transportation and adjustment. The door is open, showing the construction and manner of opera- tion. The novel features and improvements in this new voltmeter are as follows: 1, It is equally applicable to both alternating or direct circuit; 2, it requires only one- third as much current to operate as that necessary for the older design for alternating currents; 3, it is more sen- sitive to very slight variations of voltage; 4, the chart graduations are nearly uniform on both sides of the work- ing range; 5, the portable form of the instrument in its carrying case is only half the size and weight that were formerly required. of alterations and is compensated for changes of atmos- pheric temperature. a A Large Expanded Metal Order.—What is stated to be the largest single order ever placed for expanded metal was recently awarded by the Mexican Government to the Central Expanded Metal Company (Chess Brothers), Pittsburgh, Pa., for about 2,000,000 square feet of 3-inch mesh, 10-gauge, double width strands, weighing 11 pounds per square yard. This aggregates over 1200 tons of ex- panded metal. The contract was made by V. Cascino, City of Mexico, the resident representative of the Cen- tral Expanded Metal Company, and calls for the deliv- ery of the material in 14 months. It is to be used in con- structing an aqueduct for supplying the City of Mexico with water. This is known as the Xochimilco aque- duct, from the fact that the water supply is at Xochi- milco. The conduit is to be oval in form, 6 feet wide and 5 feet high, and will be 15 miles long. There is sufficient fall to make pumping unnecessary. The Mexican Govern- ment is building a railroad along the right of way for the purpose of transporting materials and men, and has also erected shops at Condesa for the purposes of this con- struction. The engineer in charge of this project is Manuel Marroquin y Rivera. The aqueduct will cost $9,000,000. June 15, 1905 Puddled Iron Versus Steel. BY F. N. SPELLER, NATIONAL TUBE COMPANY, PITTSBURGH. In view of Mr. Roe’s comments in The Iron Age for June 1 on my criticism of his paper on “ The Manufac- ture of Wrought Pipe ” some additional data on the points on Which he lays particular stress may be of interest, al- though his argument loses considerable weight by his frank statement of partisanship in discussing the rela- tive merits of iron and steel. From his point of view pos- sibly my conclusions appear biased, but before having had an opportunity to compare iron and steel pipe in the mills and in service and to investigate cases of corrosion closely I had a vague impression favoring the relative durability of iron. Mr. Roe discounts’ laboratory tests on account of ab- sence of strains and contiguous material. These are doubtful and variable influences. That repeated tests under the conditions which are common to all cases of cor- rosion, but eliminating these uncertain conditions, show iron of different grades to vary widely in its rate of cor- rosion, some showing less and some greater loss than the soft steel we are discussing, is surely significant. In my paper in reply to Mr. Roe space did not permit the de- scription in detail of more than one case under “working conditions.” This was, however, a good illustration of the common error of presuming a defective pipe to be steel, without investigation. It was deemed better to take up one case fully than to fill in with general deductions based on appearances or hearsay, which has been shown too often to be deceptive. Returning to Mr. Roe’s inquiry as to how many months or days steel would have lasted under the conditions which prevailed in the pressure line referred to, in this case at least his inference that steel pipe would have shown up much worse than wrought iron, which gave way in one year, is further evidence of the need of caution in making such deductions. Information received after writing the account of May 25 reports the discovery of steel sections of the same pressure pipe in this mill which Fig. 1.—Cross Section of Wrought Iren, Etched, Enlarged About 60 Diameters.—Vhe Black Sections of Strings and Layers of Cinder Are Shown in Their Relation to the Boundaries of Metallic Grains. under the same conditions were similarly affected. A vertical length was uncorroded, while the adjoining hori- zontal piece had gone in a manner very similar to the wrought iron section previously described. This steel pipe had been in use 14 months; it analyzed: Per cent. PP TAL. Cais e WES Cee eee sob S) < 040.0 « 0 eek wd bean 0.07 NL a Wakielo als aGt fads Raw idh.as sean « Raia anew des 0.27 DRIED a0. cee evens Sette wtp hls dln ae blabods ae ha eas 0.107 ED trenig Pxanitn’ asdn bee ts bles He Sete aomnah ea ke vid acon 0.060 aT gale A 2 ee RE FI ES Ce er ee 0.608 tubes were purposely placed side by side and which have been in service five or six years, showing little difference THE IRON AGE 1881 in pitting. An inspection of tubes from one of these en- gines, after three years’ service with Monongahela River water, showed the iron tubes to be, if anything, more pitted than the steel. In speaking of the grains or crystals being “ sur- rounded by an envelope of cinder,’ Mr. Roe puts this ob- jectionable foreign matter into a position which greatly exaggerates any effect it may have in temporarily inter- fering with corrosion. In so doing I maintain he is un- fair to iron, for it is evident that with cinder as the bind- ing material my statement to the effect that the trans- Fig. 2.- Iron, Unetched, Showing Cross Section of Wrought Cinder Only. verse strength would be unduly reduced does not need modification. An average of tests on charcoal iron carry- ing 1 per cent. cinder shows: Longitudinal. Transverse. Pounds. Pounds. Oe Wc Sc cece ceruseess 47.400 45,470 PIM ek ueedy i ednweeweet ween 29,080 28,680 On the lower grades of iron the transverse strength is, of course, more or less reduced. The photo-micrographs given herewith show cross sec- tions of wrought iron enlarged about 60 diameters. The black sections of strings and layers of cinder are shown in their relation to the boundaries of metallic grains, which were brought out by etching in Fig. 1, while in Fig. 2 the cinder only is shown. No attempt has been made to deny that the poorer grades of iron have, generally speaking, apparently an initial power of resisting corro- sion somewhat superior to steel. But painstaking obser- vation shows this to have been greatly exaggerated, to the prejudice of weldable steel, and, when we consider the effect of slight changes in environment, this difference is important, principally as a talking point for those inter- ested exclusively in the manufacture of wrought iron. Our experience of years in working with both materials recognizes the merits of each for certain purposes, but as the superior qualities of modern soft weldable steel have been developed wrought iron has been gradually displaced in most lines with advantage. As to the relative strength of the weld, experience in the field bears out the tests described before. Perhaps the cases of split pipe referred to by Mr. Roe are similar to many examined by the writer where the “ steel” proved to be wrought iron. It is now generally understood that splitting is usually due to defective or improperly shaped dies.* Cold bending is probably the most severe test of a butt weld. The following letters from makers of electric conduit pipe represent the record of practically all the pipe bent in this country for electric conduits: Dear Sir.—Answering your inquiry as to our experience in bending soft steel pipe, would say that we make at our factory anywhere from 15,000 to 20,000 bends per month, the sizes of pipe ranging from % inch to 3 inches, inclusive. In the above quantity we rarely find as many as 25 bends that will open in * See discussion on principles of die construction, page 744, The Iron Age, March 2, 1905. aaa Se rae eens tT a aga 1882 THE IRON AGE the seam—in fact, there have been some months when we did not have over 6. These bends are made cold, and are bent to as short a radius as 4% inches in the smaller sizes. —SareTy-ARMOR- ITE ConpuIT Company, Robert Garland, treasurer. Dear Sir.—We beg to acknowledge receipt of your inquiry regarding our experience in bending soft steel pipe such as fur- nished by you to us for conduit purposes, and take pleasure in stating in reply that the pipe furnished bends perfectly. We have used this pipe for a number of years and are constantly making bends of all kinds on sizes from % inch to 3 inches. Thousands upon thousands of elbows are being made by us on our elbow machine at the factory every month, and the loss due to splitting of the seam is so infinitesimal that we abandoned a long time ago keeping any record of it. We run for a month at times without a single length opening at the seam. The radius to which this material is bent varies according to the size of the pipe, but the %-inch pipe when made into elbows is bent to a radius of about 4 inches. In addition to this we have seen a great deal of this pipe bent cold on the job without any appear- ance of opening, bent into any shape and form by the workmen who install the pipe, and we can state positively that we have had no complaint, for several years at least, of any length of pipe opening at the seam under these conditions.—AMERICAN CrrcuLaR Loom Company, A. T. Clark, treasurer. In bedstead tubing, although the weld is not guar- anteed to stand this test, the percentage of failures is very small—less than 1 per cent. This sufficiently bears out mill tests previously given on the relative strength of welds made with steel and wrought iron. Notwithstanding the great improvements already made in the manufacture of this steel in the comparatively short time it has been in service, no one acquainted with the possibilities of this material would venture to as- sume that there is nothing further to learn in adapt- ing it to the needs of the trade. ——__~sa-+oe__ —_—_ The Master Steam Boiler Makers’ Convention. The following officers were elected by the Master Steam Boiler Makers’ Association at its fourth annual convention, held at Chicago, June 5 to 8: President, W. M. Wilson, Chicago, foreman boiler maker, Illinois Cen- tral Railway; first vice-president, E. 8S. Fitzsimmons, Meadville, Pa., foreman boiler maker, Erie Railway ; sec- ond vice-president, W. J. Ritchie, Memphis, Tenn., fore- man boiler maker, Illinois Central Railway; third vice- president, T. W. Lowe, Winnipeg, Man., foreman, Cana- dian Pacific Railway; fourth vice-president, Wm. Hors- ley, New Haven, Conn.; fifth vice-president, P. F. Flagin, Laredo, Texas; sixth vice-president, M. Connors, Mis- souri Valley, Iowa; seventh vice-president, C. F. Lape, Chicago, with Scully Steel & Iron’ Company; secretary, Geo. M. Clark, Chicago; treasurer, Frank Gray, foreman boiler maker, Chicago & Alton Railway, Bloomington, Ill.; Executive Board: Chas. Patrick, Chicago, chairman ; J. H. Smyth, Paterson, N. J.; P. J. Conrath, Chicago; C. J. Murray, Chicago. Each of the officers made an address of acceptance, nearly all the addresses making favorable reference to the proposed consolidation of the association with the International Railway Master Boiler Makers’ Associa- tion. The time and place of next meeting were left with the Executive Board. Resolutions were passed thanking the supply men for their entertainment, and a special res- olution thanked the president of the Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company for the entertainment of delegates and their ladies during the convention. +e The Chalmers-Williams Company.—A new and im- portant industry in the Chicag