The Iron Age 1904-10-20: Vol 74 Iss 16

|THE IRON..AGE A Review of the Hardware, Iron, Machinery sae ‘rades. Published every Thursday Morning by David Williams Co., 232-238 William 8t., New York, Vol. 74: No. 16. New York, Thursday, October 20, 1904. SP00 a esd, inchidieg Pestwnge. Single Copies, 15 Cen Reading Matter Contents....... page 54 Alphabetical Index to Advertisers “‘ 175 Classified List of Advertisers.... ‘‘ 167 Advertising and Subscription Rates ‘‘ 174 ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE of our large assortment of Price Books for the Hard- ware and Metal Trades Sent on request DAVID WILLIAMS CO., 232-238 William Street, New York. U. M. C. Cartridges excel in all guns hether Remington, Winchester, Marlin, | S$avage, Stevens or any other. <an the U. M. C. Armory is a sample gun of every style and caliber, and to these U. M. C Cartridges are fitted and in them are tested. Bristol’s Patent Stee’ Belt Lacing. This accounts for the accuracy, uniformity and relia- saves | bility of U. M. C. Cartridges. Time, %e,ts, + THE UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO., Send for Circulars and Free Samples. | 86 First St., San Francisco, Cal SE bul seat Conn. THE BRISTOL CO., Waterbury, Conn. TURNBUCKLES. od iso Linen aod pala Hemp SELES Ea 8 oe. SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS, Boston, Mass. PLAIN PATTERN REGULAR WEAD. Gapewell Horse Nails ; Branch 11 Broadway, “York. Cleveland City Tone ‘and Iron Co., = "Choveland, 0. ) A NEW YORK, Branches: PORTLAND, ORE, PHILADELPHIA, BUFFALO, CHICAGO, DETROIT, BALTIMORE, ST. LOUIS, CINCINNATI, NEW ORLEANS, BOSTON, SAN FRANCISCO, DENVER, PLATE PATTERN. YSBLLVd OSZAvVONUUoD THE GAPEWELL HORSE NAIL GOs, Hartford, Conn. PL eae, SE Et wiacheipneiridiaiaibesan steak et SAID AN ENGINEER de, Bost ‘Yes, they did not know about valves at the time the = was put in, but they S thi U f ] do now. Iam replacing all valves with the genuine Jenkins Bros.’ ometning Uselu BENJAMIN FRANKLIN SAID ‘“* Experience keeps a dear school. Remember this : they that will not be counseled for cannot be hel Start your plant with Jenkins Bros. Valves and avoid trouble. All Sheet Metal JENKINS BROS., NewYork, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, London. THE AMERICAN TUBE & STAMPING COMPANY : See (Water and Rail Delivery) BRIDGEPORT, CONN, saan 2 MAGNOLIA METAL. Best Anti-Friction Metal for all a Bearings. Pac-Simile of Bar. , ’ he Beware Workers | “SON” Gold Rolled Steel aw, Drawing = Stampin ng AMERICAN SHEET & TIN PLATE COMPANY’S of ¥ imitations. Ad on Page 23. MAGNOLIA METAL CO., Owners and Sole Manufacturers, 113-115 Bank Street, [82 Francisco, Montreal, Boston and Pittsburg. Chicago, Fisher Bldg. NEW YORK. esate pe Oe + a ee © sae aa alae Fie eee _ fe eS 2 THE IRON AGE. anit | THE PLUME & Atwoon M6. Co., PN iDRASS; =. acoA sucer /oNB8t and Roll Brass COPPER WIRE MANUFACTURERS OF » WIRE PRINTERS’ BRASS, JEWELERS’ METAL, GERMAN SHEET SILVER AND GILDING METAL, COPPER RIVETS “SILVER ROD | em so ce sene Duruers, ps, D “QUEEN'S RUN" WIRE Trimmings, &c. MUM eaNMe Vatatard| |LOW BRASS. SHEET BRONZE. |2 murray sr., NEW YORK. Denys Wandied| |SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER] —“## HIGH ST.. BOSTON. ele SECA te eae) \TUBING. BRAZED BRASS AND| ,......... t BRONZE TUBING. :::::::: THOMASTON, CONN. | WATERBURY, CONN. » + @ 2 2 @ F @a8 << WATERBURY BRASS Co.,|JSCOVILL MFG. CO., MANUFACTURERS 0} WATERBURY, CONN. BRASS, 99 John St., New York. Providence, R. I. GERMAN SILVER Bridgeport Deoxidized Bronze & Het bo, Rods, Bolts and Tubes, BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Brass Shells, Cups, Hinges, Automobile Castings a Specialty. Randolph-Clowes Co. Main Office and Mill, WATERBURY, CONN. MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET BRASS & COPPER. BRAZED BRASS & COPPER TUBES. SEAMLESS BRASS & COPPER TUBES TO 36 IN. DIAM. Buttons, Lamp Goods. } Special Brass Goods to Order. FACTORIES: WATERBURY, CONN. NEW YORK, New York Office, 253 Broadway, Postal High Tensile Strength. SS NTIS austin: Bronze and Aluminum Alloys. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Write Us. DEALERS IN COPPER, TIN, SPELTER, . LEAD, ANTIMONY. Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., Bi) roc join street, ate ae LA SALLE, ILLINOIS. SM ree ee er nee Arthur T. Rutter & Co. SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC ACID. Special Sizes of Zinc cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates. 256 Broadway, Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lithographers’ Selected Gheets for Peper and Card Makers’ tie. NEW YORKA. a Small tabing in B Copper, ma n Brass, > &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and Ger- man Silver. Copper, Brass and TUS coe SLL MC To og Copper and Brass Rod. 88:74 West thicago 66 99 AGE LIME Ta LenS rs rh om ie (Tet ad lige PHONO-ELECTRIC ee ee ae ee ee ee Wik. “it’s Toucn.” "> Alemines » CASTIN GS TROLLEY, lca scennaa- FINISHERS. ane TELEPHONE sd EER IAwvo RPDATLUEDCe and HENDRICKS BROTHERS ee | Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, LINES. Brasicrs’ Bolt and Sheathing Brideevert, BRIDGEPORT BRASS ¢ CO., COPPER, ee correm Wind anp Arvers.|" Siar nin i Ingot Copper, Block. Tin, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, ete. Thurston, Cloth. ‘Milustrated. 481 49 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK. For sale by David Williams Co, 232 William St. N. Y . ~ 2 Aono a ae hi selec Stee] assoc the © Alth head bein; Stee than Whi bas met den it i me pre Cal dep firs cou pit: vis las the of Pre ter Ins THE IRON AGE THURSDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1904. THE IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE. SECOND MEETING IN AMERICA. In 1890 the American iron trade was honored by the selection of this country for a meeting of the Iron and Steel Institute. After an interval of 14 years this great association of the leading iron and steel manufacturers of the world will again hold a meeting on American soil. Although an essentially British institution, having its headquarters in London, and the majority of the members being residents of the United Kingdom, the Iron and Steel Institute is of a cosmopolitan character, not less than 19 countries being represented in its membership. While its meetings are usually held in Great Britain, it has quite frequently favored other countries with such This great organization, which now has on its rolls about 1800 members, dates from 1869, when its first meet- ing was held in the Westminster Palace Hotel, London. The Duke of Devonshire was the first president, while among the principal promoters of the society were Sir Lowthian Bell, Edward Williams, David Dale, John Jones, Sir Henry Bessemer, Sir William Siemens, Lord Frederick Cavendish, Josiah Smith, Robert Heath and William Menelaus. The first secretary was John Jones. The Institute was founded at a most auspicious period. The iron industry of the world was at that time on the threshold of its modern development. The manufacture- ANDREW CARNEGIE. meetings. It has met in France, Germany, Belgium, Swe- den, Austria and Spain, as well as in America. This year it is particularly fitting that the Institute should hold a meeting in the United States, in view of the fact that the president is Andrew Carnegie. In the elevation of Mr. Carnegie to the highest office in its gift the Institute has departed from all precedent in its history, as he is its first president not a British subject. The British members of the Institute who visited this country in 1890 were the recipients of such extended hos- pitality, and were given such unrestricted opportunity to visit American iron and steel establishments, that when last year an invitation was extended to the Institute by the American members to hold its meeting on this side of the Atlantic in 1904 it was accepted enthusiastically. Preparations have been made which are of such a charac- ter that the meeting which will be held in this city next week will be a memorable occasion in the history of the Institute. , SIR JAMES KITSON of pig iron was just beginning to be conducted upon scien- tific principles. The Bessemer process and the open hearth process had barely begun to work out their destiny of revolutionizing the iron trade. Manufactured iron had not then been supplanted by steel, even in the rail trade. Efforts were being made to improve the processes of manu- facturing iron for the purpose of enabling machinery to take the place of hand puddling, as many members of the iron trade expected the great developments of the future to lie in the production of manufactured iron on a much larger seale, which could only be brought about by the cheapening of processes. Largely through the papers and discussions brought out by the Iron and Steel Institute the attention of the trade was directed to the greater op- portunities presented in the development of the new steel. making processes. It has been well said that the founda- tion in 1869 of the Iron and Steel Institute supplied for the first time a recognized tribunal and. parliament of metallurgical science, in which the meritsand defects of” ee ee 2 THE IRON AGE. processes and appliances, of systems and principles, could be threshed out with a view to the ultimate evolution of truth. At the approaching meeting of the Institute a notable incident will be the presentation of the Bessemer gold medal to Andrew Carnegie. In 1873 Henry Bessemer invested the sum of £400 in perpetual debentures of the London & Northwestern Railway Company to procure annually a medal to be awarded at each of the annual meetings of the Institute to the “inventor or introducer of any important or remarkable invention, either in the mechanical or chemical processes employed in the manu- facture of iron or steel; for a paper read before the In- stitute and having special merit and importance in con- nection with the iron and steel manufacture; for a con- tribution to the Journal of the Institute, being an original investigation bearing on the iron and steel manufacture and capable of being productive of valuable practical results,” and further provision is made that the council KE. WINDSOR RICHARDS. of the Institute may award the medal in any case not coming strictly under the foregoing definitions should it consider that the iron or steel trade has been or may be substantially benefited by the person to whom such an award has been made. Since the medal was instituted the American awards have been as follows: 1879, Peter Cooper ; 1882, Alexander Lyman Holley; 1890, Abram 8. Hewitt; 1893, John Fritz; 1895, Henry Marion Howe. We present herewith the portraits of a number of the leading members of the Institute who will be present at the approaching meeting, which will serve as an introduc- tion to their American colleagues. ANDREW CARNEGIE. In 1848 a young Scotsman, aged 11, whose family had just emigrated to America, secured employment as bobbin boy in a cotton factory in Allegheny, Pa. This was the be- ginning of the career of Andrew Carnegie, which has been one of the most remarkable in the world’s industrial history. The boy’s wages were $1.20 a week. In less than a year he attracted attention by his brightness and was taken from the factory by one who had noticed him, and in the new works he learned how to run the engine and was placed in charge of it. He next became a messenger boy in the service of the Ohio Telegraph Company. When he was but 14 years old his father died and upon the boy fell the entire support of his mother and younger brother. He mastered telegraphy October 20, 1904 and became an operator, entering the service of the Penn- sylvania Railroad Company in that capacity. Thomas A. Scott, who was then superintendent of the Western division, took a fancy to the young man, made him his secretary, and suggested profitable opportunities for the investment of his savings. Ere long, when Scott was advanced, Andrew Car- negie was made superintendent of the division. In this po- sition he was afforded an opportunity to take an interest in the Woodruff sleeping car, the progenitor of the Pullman service, and this gave him a good start toward fortune. Dur- ing the Civil War he was placed in charge of the military railroads and telegraph lines. Investments in oil properties were made which proved very profitable and indeed enabled him to undertake important enterprises. Seeing the necessity for something better than wooden bridges, he formed a com- pany to build iron bridges, and the Keystone Bridge Works thus came into existence. This was Mr. Carnegie’s first en- trance into the iron trade, in which he was destined to be- come such a prominent figure. His company built the first great bridge over the Ohio river. ‘The Union Iron Mills, for the production of bridge shapes, was a natural outgrowth of the bridge business. Rapidly in the following years came the Lucy Furnace Company, whose success may be said EDWARD P. MARTIN. to have revolutionized the blast furnace industry; the Hd- gar Thomson Steel Company, operating the greatest Bes- semer steel works and the greatest steel rail plant in the world, and the Homestead Steel Works, the greatest plant for the manufacture of structural shapes and plates, includ- ing armor plate, All these enterprises involved the co-op- eration of many other able men, but in every one of them Mr. Carnegie was the dominating spirit through his talent for organizing. By 1888 his was the controlling mind in no less than seven huge plants in and near Pittsburgh, which were then amalgamated into the Carnegie Steel Company. In 1901 his vast interests were taken over by the United States Steel Corporation and he retired from active partici- pation in the iron trade, having done what no other man of great accumulations had been able to accomplish—converted his possessions completely into negotiable securities. Mr. Carnegie’s life since then has been largely devoted to practi- cal philanthropy. He has given away princely sums in the founding of libraries and the endowment of educational in- stitutions. No other one man has done so much toward the improvement of processes in the iron trade. As rapidly as inventors could show him how to cheapen cost or increase production he was ready to put their ideas into practical ef- fect. When he relinquished control of the Carnegie Steel Company no other works in the world could approach that company’s plants in the completeness of their equipment or the perfect control of every class of needed material. His elevation to the presidency of the Iron and Steel Institute was a merited recognition of the distinction which he had won as an iron and steel mafiufacturer. SEN e Bag Su cw P’as. ea ae October 20, 1904 THE SIR JAMES KITSON. As an ordinary member and as a member of the council Sir James Kitson has been for many years active in the con- duct of the business of the Iron and Steel Institute, and has been prominent at most of its annual meetings. He was president of the Institute in the years 1889-1890. He also presided at the meetings of the Institute in Paris in 1899 and at the great International meetings in New York and IRON AGE. 3 James Kitson’s company continues the business, which is now one of the foremost of its class in Great Britain. In addition to his active business labors Sir James Kit- son has been prominent in public life, Since 1892 he has had a seat in the House of Commons. He was Lord Mayor of Leeds in the jubilee year of 1897, and has been active in philanthropic work in his native city. He is also a director of the Northeastern Railway and of the London City and WILLIAM WHITWELL. Pittsburgh on the occasion of the last visit of the Institute to the United States. Sir James Kitson is the second son of the late James Kitson, founder of the locomotive building works now car- ried on at Airedale Foundry, Leeds, as the firm of Kitson & Co., Limited. His industrial work was begun and contin- ued at the Monk Bridge Iron & Steel Works. Starting there in 1854, he has since that date been in a great measure the manager of the works. The leading business has been the SIR LLOYD WISE. manufacture of the best Yorkshire iron and crucible and open hearth steel as applied to the manufacture of the best quali- ties for locomotives and general railway purposes. In as- sociation with his brother, F. W. Kitson, the Monk Bridge Works were reconstructed and extended. The brothers are patentees of a method of making solid weldless iron tires, and these were produced in large quantities for several years until superseded by steel tires. In 1862 the Monk Bridge Iron Works began the manufacture of steel tires, and Sir BENNETT H. BROUGH. Midland Bank, and has interested himself in industrial en- terprise. He is an enthusiastic educationalist, and always refuses to take a pessimistic view of the present position and future prospects of the British iron and steel trade. Hold- ing these opinions, he is still actively developing his busi- ness by the adoption of new methods and processes, for which he accords to the light obtained through the [ron and Steel Institute an unvarying tribute of warmest acknowledgment. It should not be forgotten that in 1903 he was awarded the SIR DAVID STEWART. Bessemer gold medal! of the Institute for his distinguished services to the iron and steel trade. E. WINDSOR RICHARDS. Few men have had a wider experience in the manufacture of iron and steel than E. Windsor Richards, past president of the Iron and Steel Institute and member of the Insti- tution of Civil Engineers. He is almost equally well known in the United States as in Europe, and has been largely con- 4 THE sulted in reference to the construction and administration of important installations. He was born in South Wales, where he received his training in mechanical and metallurgical en- gineering. After some years of service in subonlinate ca- pacities he became general manager of the works, collieries and mines of the Ebbw Vale Iron Company, and under his management the operations of the company were very largely developed. He put down the large Bessemer plant adopted by the Ebbw Vale Company for the manufacture of steel rails, and soon became recognized as one of the most IRON AGE. October 20, 1904 gree of perfection by means of tests and experiments. The Bessemer gold medal of the Iron and Steel Institute has been awarded to him for these services. Some years ago he ac- cepted the general management of the works of the Low- moor Iron Company. He has grown into a_ recognized authority on metallurgy in all departments. EDWARD PRITCHARD MARTIN. Edward Pritchard Martin is a past president of the Iron and Steel Institute and of the South Wales Institute BENJAMIN TALBOT. competent and experienced blast furnace and Bessemer en- gineers of the day. Mr. Richards succeeded the late Edward Williams in the responsible position of general manager of the great corpora- tion Boleckow, Vaughan & Co. At that time iron making firms in England were first turning their thoughts to steel. The whole product of Bessemer steel at that time did not exceed 620,000 tons a year. Steel had hardly been applied JULES MAGBERY. of Engineers, vice-president of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers, and member of the Institute of Civil Engi- neers. He was born at Dowlais in 1844, commencing work in 1860 with the Dowlais Iron Company, where he served his time. Nine years later he became deputy general manager of the Dowlais Iron Company, and in 1870 was appointed general manager of the works of the Governor and Company of Copper Miners in England, at Cwmavon. AXEL SAHLIN. to the purposes of shipbuilding or tin plate manufacture at all, and its use for a hundred minor purposes was still in the clouds. Nevertheless, Bolckow, Vaughan & Co, had de- termined to throw in their lot with steel, and it fell to Mr. Richards to construct the works which were provided for the purpose. It would be impossible in this short space to speak of all the gigantic work done by him during the thir- teen years of his connection with this concern, and most especially in bringing the basic process to a very high de- WILLIAM F. BEARDSHAW. In 1874 he became general manager of the Blaenavon Company’s works, where he identified himself with the inven- tions of Thomas and Gilchrist in dephosphorizing steel, which process was worked out at the Blaenavon Company’s works, and for his services in connection with the process he was awarded the Bessemer gold medal. In 1882 he was ap- pointed general manager of the Dowlais Iron Company, and during his management the new iron and steel works at Cardiff were erected. On the amalgamation of the Dowlais Sei October 20, 1904 Iron Company with the Patent Nut & Bolt Company he was appointed deputy chairman and managing director of Guest, Keen & Co. Though he has since 1902 retired from this position, he still retains a seat on the board of Guest, Keen & Nettlefords, Limited. He is director of the Orconera Iron Ore Company, Limited, the Rhymney Railway Company, and the South Wales Elec- trical Power Distribution Company, Limited. Besides his busi- TOM WESTGARTH. ness activities he is magistrate and ex-sheriff for his county, After the visit of the Iron and Steel Institute to Norway and Sweden the King of Sweden created him commander of the second class of the Royal Order of the Wasa. WILLIAM WHITWELL. William Whitwell, past president of the Iron and Steel Institute, has identified himself with many important pub- lic institutions, as well as with the administrative life of his own county, Yorkshire, where he is a magistrate, and also THE IRON AGE. William Whitwell & Co.’s departments have been thoroughly remodeled with all economic appliances, including electric light and power. He is greatly interested in educational matters and takes a prominent part in those of his district. BENNETT H. BROUGH. Bennett H. Brough, secretary of the Iron and Steel In- stitute, was educated at the Royal School of Mines, London, GEORGE CAWLEY. and at the Royal Prussian Academy of Mining at Claustha)b in the Hartz Mountains. He was formerly instructor in mine surveying at the Royal School of Mines, and is the author of the standard English treatise on mine surveying (first edition, 1888; tenth edition, 1903). He was appointed coeditor of the Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute ip 1884 and secretary in 1903. He is a knight of the Swedish Order of Wasa, associate of the Royal School of Mines, fellow of the Geological So- ciety and member of council of the Institution of Mining E.. H. SANITER. president of the Board of Conciliation and Arbitration of the North of England Iron and Steel Trades. He was born at Kendal, in Westmoreland, in 1835, and was educated privately. His experience as an iron manufac- turer extends over a period of 45 years. He went to Stockton-on-Tees in 1859 to erect blast furnaces with his brother, the late Thomas Whitwell, and their original ven- ture was followed by extensive iron works. These blast furnaces in time gave place to new ones of the most modern American construction and practice. Recently both of SEPTIMUS YOUNG. Engineers. He has also served on the councils of the Insti- tute of Chemistry and of the Chemical Society. He served as juror at the Inventions Exhibition, London, 1885, and at the Paris Exhibition, 1900. He received a medal for the collection illustrating the mineral resources of Great Britain formed by him at the request of the royal commission for the Chicago Exposition of 1893. He is the author of numerous papers on mining and metallurgy, published in the various scientific and technical journals connected with arts and manufactures, and his a ed a ieage BESS 2 - To nc aula oe ge 6 THE IRON AGE. lectures on mine surveying (1892), on metalliferous deposits (1900) and on nonmetallic minerals (1903), delivered be- fore the Society of Arts, have been published in book form. SIR LLOYD WISE. Sir Lloyd Wise, who for the past thirty years has labored incessantly in promoting reform of patent law and practice, was born at Manchester in 1845. He received his early edu- eation in London and Ghent; this was followed by profes- DR. A. WEISKOPF. sional training in the office of his father, the late Francis Wise, and he also gained useful experience in the Siebe works. He is a founder and original member of the council of the Institute of Patent Agents, and has taken an active part in securing important patent law reforms in the United Kingdom. A leader writer for over thirty years on the staff of Hn- gimeering, he also compiled the [Jlustrated Patent Record and the abstracts of electric lighting patents in Dredge’s October 20, 1904 neers. He is associate of the Institution of Civil Engineers and of the Institute of Naval Architects. He was knighted in 1904, and in connection with his special work in patent law reform he is a member of the Patent Law Association of Washington, D, C., and foreign member of the Austral- asian Institute of Patent Agents. SIR DAVID STEWART. Sir David Stewart of Banchory was born in 1835, and is SYDNEY JESSOP ROBINSON. a graduate of King’s College, Aberdeen. After graduating he joined his father’s business as a member of the firm of S. R. Stewart & Co., the largest comb-making concern in the world, which some years ago was turned into a limited liability company, with Sir David as chairman. As chair- man of the Great Northern of Scotland Railway he is an important figure in the rail world, and when in America will no doubt take a deep interest in the relatiye qualities of American steel rails, DAVID FLATHER. “ Blectric Lilumination.” In 1891, being then president of the Institute of Patent Agents, he was, by royal charter, ap- pointed first president of the Chartered Institute, and is now senior past president. He has done much useful work on the Essex County Council and the Southend local governing body. Sir Lloyd Wise is a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, a member of the Royal Institution, of the Iron and Steel Institute, and of the Institute of Mechanical Engi- G. WATSON GRAY. He has been a prominent figure in the public life of his own district of Aberdeen, having been successively president of the Aberdeen Chamber of Commerce, dean of the Guild and lord provost of the city. During his occupation of the civic chair he performed a large amount of important work, both in connection with the town council’s affairs and those relating to the harbor. He has been a generous donor to the extension scheme for the Marischal College at Aberdeen, and in 1885 was chosen by the Lord Rector as his assessor at 1 ver: fer1 Abe rec kni of hea firs Ste sist the pre fac su] su] ert op October 20, 1904 at the University Court. His services on behalf of the uni- versity were recognized by the authorities, who, in 1895, con- ferred on him the degree of LL.D. He is the Unionist Parliamentary candidate for South Aberdeen, is deputy lieutenant of Aberdeenshire and Kin- cardineshjre, a liveryman of the City of London and a di- rector of the Northern Assurance Company. He was knighted in 1896. BENJAMIN TALBOT. Benjamin Talbot of Leeds is well known as the originator of the Talbot process for the manufacture of basic open hearth steel. He is a Shropshire man, born in 1864, and his first experience was gained as a learner in the Ebbw Vale Steel Works. From ‘there he passed to the position of as- sistant to the Dephosphorizing Company, which controlled the Thomas and Gilchrist patents in England on the basic process. In 1890 he came to the United States to start the manu- facture of basic open hearth steel in the South, becoming superintendent of the Southern Iron Company’s works at Chattanooga, Tennessee. In 1892 he accepted the position of superintendent of the steel department of the A. & P. Rob- erts Company of Pencoyd, Pa. He introduced the basic open hearth process there, and in 1898 brought out the con- THE IRON AGE. > town, Pa. After six years spent with this company he de- voted some time to the study of and experiments in the crushing of material and separation of iron ore. The year 1893 found him acting as chief engineer, later as superin- tendent, of the Maryland Steel Company. In 1898 he was consulting engineer to the Brown Hoisting Machinery Com- pany, and, returning to Europe, was largely instrumental in there making known the Brown Company’s specialties. The Millom & Askam Hematite Iron Company next engaged his services, and he took charge of its blast furnace works in the North of England. While thus engaged he was asked to join a commission to this country to investigate the iron and steel business as carried on here. In this connection he reported on the man- ufacture of pig iron as seen here in the year 1901, and the report appears in the volume issued by the commission under the title ‘‘ American Industrial Conditions and Competition.” Eventually, in 1902, he and Julian Kennedy of Pittsburgh established themselves in London as consulting engineers for iron and steel works plant, under the name of Julian Ken- nedy, Sahlin & Co., Limited. The firm is engaged in design- ing and carrying out considerable engineering enterprises in the countries of Europe and has also for the past two years represented the Morgan Construction Company, Worcester, THOMAS TURNER. tinuous open hearth process (otherwise the Talbot process). This process was successfully installed at Pencoyd, Pa., and afterward taken up by the Jones & Laughlin Steel Company, Pittsburgh, which is now operating the largest steel furnace in the world on this process, and is building other furnaces like it, as it has proved to be so economical. He resigned his position as manager at Pencoyd in 1900 in order to de- vote more time to the introduction of the continuous process in EHurope and the United States. JULES MAGERY. Jules Magery is the president of the leading technical society in Belgium in the coal and iron branches, the Asso- ciation des Ingenieurs Sortis de )’Ecole de Liege. M. Magery, who has now retired from active business, began his profes- sional career in 1863 as mining engineer of the Société de Vezin-Aulnoye, being successively engineer of the Oolithic iron mines at Vezin, Belgium; of the Aulnoye blast furnaces in France, the Maxeville mines near Nancy, France, and the Tilleul rolling mills, near Maubeuge, France. In 1874 he became technical manager of the famous Rothe Erde Works, near Aix-la-Chapelle, Germany; of the Aachener Huetten Aktien Verein, holding the post until 1900. He retains his connection with the company as one of its directors, but is now living at Namur, Belgium. He is accompanied by his son, Maurice Magery, who is one of the engineers of the Rothe Erde Works. AXEL SAHLIN. So much of Axel Sahlin’s life has been spent in the United States that he is probably very well known to most of our readers. In 1877 he graduated from the Stockholm University, and after practicing for a couple of years in Swedish railway shops he took up work in England and on the European Continent as inspector of railway material. Arriving in America he entered the employ of the Cambria Iron Company in the mechanical department, leaving that to become engineer to the Pottstown Iron Company, Potts- DAVID BE. ROBERTS. Mass., with the result that three installations of Morgan continuous mills are now being erected in Europe. WILLIAM F. BEARDSHAW. William F. Beardshaw is one of the prominent names of Sheffield, having strong business connections both with the light and heavy industries of the district. He is managing director of J. Beardshaw & Sons, Limited, Baltic Steel Works, Sheffield, from whose works come special steels and irons. The firm has a well established reputation, having been founded in the early days of the last century. There are a number of Sheffield houses which are now in their second, third and even fourth centuries, but even in England to have been expanding systematically for nearly a century is an un- commonly good certificate of merit. Mr. Beardshaw is specially interested in the heat treat- ment of steel, in the manufacture of high speed tool steel and also tools made from high speed tool steel. He has been a member of the Iron and Steel Institute since 1889 and is no stranger to the United States. He attended the meeting in 1890. Local honors have fallen thick upon him. He was presi- dent of the Sheffield Chamber of Commerce and Manufac- tures in 1901, 1902 and 1903. He also attended the congress of Chambers of Commerce of the British Empire held in Montreal last year. Like his other colleagues, he is a mag- istrate for the city of Sheffield. TOM WESTGARTH. Tom Westgarth is joint managing director of Richardsons, Westgarth & Co., Limited, one of the largest engine build- ing firms in the United Kingdom, and has control of the Middlesbrough branch of its works. The business of the firm is largely marine engine building, but it makes a spe- cialty of steam turbines, gas engines, blowing engines and steel works plant. The firm is the pioneer in England of large size gas engines for blast furnace gas and it is by far 8 THE IRON AGE. the largest maker in the United Kingdom of this class of machinery. Mr. Westgarth is now designing and building a completely new rolling mill plant of large size for the Cargo Fleet Iron Company, Limited, Middlesbrough. Before the present combination of the Richardson and Westgarth works was brought about Mr. Westgarth was man- aging director of the engineering firm of Sir Christopher Fur- ness, Westgarth & Co., Limited, and prior to that was the managing partner of Westgarth, English & Co., both firms being engaged in marine engine building at Middlesbrough. He served his apprenticeship with the Earles Shipbuilding Company, Hull, and stayed with it for fourteen years, when he left to commence business for himself. He has made several trips to America and has examined most of the principal iron works in the States. He is a member of most of the leading scientific societies in England, before which he has read many papers. He is vice-president of the North- east Coast Engineers and Shipbuilders, and a past president of the Cleveland Institute of Engineers. GEORGE CAWLEY. George Cawley of London is consulting and inspecting en- gineer to the Imperial Railways of Japan in respect of all work constructed in Europe for these railways, and acts in a similar capacity for all the leading Japanese railways man- aged by private companies. His connection with Japan dates back to 1873, when he was appointed to form one of the original staff to organize the Imperial College of Engineering in Tokio. The influence which this institution has exercised on the progress of Japan is referred to in a recent article written by the Marquis Ito, the “ grand old man” of Japan, for a lately published book entitled “‘ Japan by the Japan- LEICESTER P. SIDNEY. ” ese. Regarding it he remarks: “From this college have come the majority of engineers who are now working the resources and industries of Japan. I consider the establish- lishment of this college as one of the most important factors in the development of the Japan of to-day.” Mr. Cawley has had several years’ connection with tech- nical journalism, and was the first editor-in-chief of the British technical journal Industries. He severed his con- nection with this journal when it passed into the hands of a a0 proprietary and assumed the name of Industries and ron, E. H, SANITER. E. H. Saniter, the inventor of the new process for the elimination of sulphur, is a young man (i. e., for England), not much over thirty years of age, but during his short metallurgical career he has by steady perseverance and appli- cation achieved much success. He is a native of Middlesbrough, was educated at the Coatham Grammar School and studied analytical chemistry in the metallurgical laboratory of J. E. Stead for three years. He was afterward assistant chemist in the Northeastern Steel Works, Middlesbrough, and then went to the works of the Wigan Coal & Iron Company, where he has developed his new process. At this time he read many papers, embody- ing the results of his researches and experiments, before the Iron and Steel Institute and the Society of Chemical Industry. Early in 1898 he went to Port Clarence, where, under October 20, 1904 Bell Bros. and Dorman Long & Co., experiments were started to demonstrate the suitability of common Cleveland iron for the manufacture of high class basic open hearth steel, with the result that a metal mixer of 200 tons capacity, a 45 to 50 ton basic Siemens furnace and a rolling mill were erected. The success of the experiments at Port Clarence was obtained by the combination of the basic open hearth process with the Saniter desulphurizing process, continued with the use of molten metal from a metal mixer. He has lately resigned his position at Port Clarence to become steel expert with Steel, Peech & Tozer of Sheffield, makers of tires, springs, axies, forgings, &c. SEPTIMUS YOUNG. Septimus Young, of the firm of Head, Wrightson & Young, Limited, London, has had a long experience and con- nection with the iron and steel industries of the United King- dom. He was born at Newcastle-on-Tyne, educated and trained in the engineering works of that and the Manches- ter district, and was, for some years, on the staff of the con- sulting engineer for the equipment of the Indian Government and other railways in India. In 1876 he joined Head, Wrightson & Co., Stockton-on- Tees, having one of the largest bridge building works and foundries in England, and has since been associated with that firm in building some of the largest bridges, viaducts and other steel structures in Great Britain, and in the sup- ply of similar material for India, the Colonies and abroad. This firm, in conjunction with the firm of Sir William Arrol & Co., Limited, is now engaged in building the bridge across the Nile at Cairo, and is also associated with Charles T. Yerkes and partners in the supply of by far the largest quan- tity of cast iron tunnel and shaft linings for the under- ground electric railways now in course of construction in London. He is a member of the Iron and Steel Institute, and as- sociate of the Institute of Civil Engineers. DR. A. WEISKOPF. Dr. Ing. Alois Weiskopf, to give him his full title, has made a special and life-long study of the mining, concentrat- ing, roasting and briquetting of iron ores. Born in Austria and educated at the technical high school (Polytechnikum) of Brtinn, Moravia, he has since 1893 been actively engaged in researches connected with iron ores. He began work as chemist to the iron and steel works at Witkowitz, passing from there in 1897 to take over the management of the iron ore miné in Kotterbach, Hungary. Since the year 1900 he has occupied the post of director of the Hannover-Braunschweigische - erksgesellschaft (Hanover-Brunswick Mining Company), at Hanover, Germany. In 1901 he received the degree. of “ doctor rerum technicarum ” (Dr. Ing.), the new title given to German and Austrian engineers. The results of his.experiments and researches have been published in various German and. Austrian technical and othér journals, and in the Journal of the Iron and Steel In- stitute. They relate mainly to the briquetting of iron ores, but he has also written upon the future prospects of gold mining in South Africa, the supply and output of quicksilver and other mining and metallurgical subjects. SYDNEY JESSOP ROBINSON. Like most officials of successful corporations, Sydney Jes- sop Robinson, managing director of Wm. Jessop & Sons, Limited, Sheffield, England, with which company he has been associated throughout his entire commercial career, began at the bottom of the ladder and worked his way up. When a young man he entered the employ of the company as office boy, and by hard work and close attention to de- tails learned the business practically, advancing through the chemical department and various other departments of the works to his present position. He is a member of the Jes- sop family, being a grand nephew of Thomas Jessop and a cousin of William Jessop, president of the company. Aside from the steel business Mr. Robinson holds several offices and is affiliated with many companies. He is a city magis- trate and a member of the Chamber of Commerce in Shef- field, a director of the Lancashire & Derbyshire Railway, and a member of the Cutlers Company of Hallamshire, which district embraces Sheffield. He was formerly captain of volunteers. In the Cutlers Company Mr. Robinson is in line for the position of master cutler in a short time. This company, or guild, consisting of 32 members, is over 280 years old, and is the only association of its kind outside of London. It is licensed by the Government and endowed with special priv- ileges and authority, including the right to grant trade- marks. In this country, to which he has made frequent visits, Mr. Robinson is thoroughly familiar with the needs and re- quirements of business, as he is vice-president of the Jessop Steel Company, Washington, Pa., a subsidiary company of Wm. Jessop & Sons, Limited. This company, of which Wil- liam Jessop is also president, produces crucible steel sheets. October 20, 1904 DAVID FLATHER. David Flather is the son of W. T. Flather, founder of the Standard Steel Works, Sheffield, a firm which dates back to 1817. He was educated at the Sheffield Collegiate School and afterward studied chemistry under the late A. H. Allen. borough analyst, as well as at Firth College. In 1881 he was employed in the crucible steel department of the firm of John Brown & Co., Limited, of the Atlas Works, Sheffield. After two years spent here he entered the blast furnace lab- oratory under Thomas Blair, where he was for several years engaged in metallurgical work. In 1889 he joined his father’s business, and is now a director of the Standard Steel Works. He was elected a member of the Iron and Steel Institute in 1899, and is also an associate member of the Automobile and Cycle Engineers’ Institute. To this latter society he has contributed papers on the subjects of steel for cycle work and on case hardening. G. WATSON GRAY. G. Watson Gray of Liverpool, England, although not a steel manufacturer, has, since he commenced his business career, been closely connected with the iron and steel indus- tries by devoting his energies to the chemical analysis of the raw materials and the finished products. He is a native of Newcastle-on-Tyne, and received his early training in the chemical laboratory of John Pattinson, Newcastle. In 1892 he commenced business on his own account as analytical and consulting chemist, consulting engineer and assayer. His special study has been that of ferro alloys and elec- tric furnace products. As far back as 1888 he called atten- tion to ferrotungsten, showing that in the composition of wolfram (tungsten ore) the analyses published at that time recorded the presence of niobium and tantalum, in many cases nothing more than oxide of tin, the tin becoming re- -duced and passing into the tungsten pig iron, hence the neces- sity of the steel maker insisting on the absence of tin from the ferro alloys he purchased. In January, 1904, an unusual explosion of ferrosilicon, with alloy imported from Trieste, attracted his attention and he immediately set about to dis- cover the cause. He read two papers on the subject, one be- fore the Faraday Society, the other at the May meeting of ithe Iron and Steel Institute. He is a member of many scien- tific societies, and is greatly interested in technical educa- tion, acting on the Technical Education Committee of the district in which he lives, THOMAS TURNER. Thomas Turner is a Tyneside man and served his ap- prenticeship as an engineer on the Tyne. For 25 years since his apprenticeship he has been acting in the capacity of works manager to two or three large iron and steel, coal and engineering companies, principally in South Yorkshire and Staffordshire. He brings, therefore, to his present work as managing director of Andrew Barclay, Sons & Co., Lim- ited, of Kilmarnock, the results of a wide and intimate ex- perience in the handling as well as the effective design and manufacture of their special products, such as locomotives and general iron, steel and mining plant. Mr. Turner’s engineering training was largely obtained at the Elswick Institute, and he was a Whitworth scholar. He studied chemistry and metallurgy under Professor Arnold, and he put down and started for the owners the first open- hearth basic steel plant set to work in South Wales. He is a member of the council of the Federated Mining Insti- tute of Great Britain and of the West of Scotland Iron and Steel Institute. He is also a member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and of the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders of Scotland. DAVID E. ROBERTS. David E. Roberts was born at Merthyr Tydfil, Wales, the historic center of the iron trade, where his father was for many years manager of the old Plymouth Iron Works. He is 36 years old, and was educated privately and at Christ’s College, Oxford. About twenty years ago he entered the engineering department of the Rhymney Iron Works and during the seven years he spent there he received a good all-round training. He was then appointed assistant engi- neer to a department of the great Dowlais Works, and re- mained there thirteen years. While there he was advanced from one position to another, finally becoming the chief en- gineer to the works. He has traveled extensively, studying modern practice on both continents, and has recently estab- lished himself as consulting engineer at Cardiff. He is a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers, a member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, of the Institution of Electrical Engineers and of the Iron and Steel Institute. LEICESTER P. SIDNEY. Leicester P. Sidney, the assistant secretary of the Iron and Steel Institute, was born in 1871, and educated partly at the Ecole Communale of Boulogne-sur-Mer and partly at Brighton. On leaving college he entered the laboratory of the South Staffordshire Steel Ingot Company, at Bilston, and subsequently became chief chemist at the works of the THE IRON AGE. 9 Shelton Iron, Steel & Coal Company, Stoke on Trent, where he was associated for part of the time with the man- agement of the smelting department. While in Staffordshire he took a prominent part in the social, scientific and literary life of the district. In 1896 he went to London and joined the staff of the Jron and Coal Trades Review, and left this position to become reader and technical editor to the publish- ing firm of Charles Griffin & Co. of London. He is the author of numerous papers contributed to both London and provincial papers, He was appointed assistant to Secretary Bennett H. Brough in May, i904. — > oe The Duty on Wooden Patterns for Iron Molding. Representatives of R. Hoe & Co. and other machinery manufacturers appeared October 14 before the Board of United States General Appraisers to testify in a protest proceeding by R. Hoe & Co. against the classification for duty at 35 per cent., as manufactures of wood, of wooden iron molders’ patterns which the firm has been having made at its English factory for the last year. The high classification is said to be due to the activity of the Pat- tern Makers’ Union, the walking delegate of which, James McNabb, was a witness at the hearing in support of the Government’s contention. The facts as developed at the hearing are that until a year ago R. Hoe & Co. employed about 40 pattern mak- ers at their Grand street factory in New York. About that time labor troubles developed here and the firm began to send blue prints of its patterns to its English factory, and to have the patterns made there from the blue prints and imported. At first they were admitted free of duty under the clause permitting free entry to “models of inventions and patterns for machinery.” The union, finding that the force of pattern makers in New York had been reduced from 40 to 10, set about finding out the reason, and as soon as discovered complained to the Treasury Department, with the result that an order was issued to classify the patterns as manufactures of wood at 35 per cent. duty. At the hearing the importers were represented by Albert Comstock, who argued that the language of the law admitting “patterns for machinery” free of duty was so clear that it was capable of only one construction. B. A. Levett, for the Government, argued that, taken in conjunction with the words “ models of invention,” it was evident that the intention of Congress was only to permit the free entry of patterns embodying some new idea and that the commercial importation of iron molders’ patterns was never contemplated. Mr. McNabb and sev- eral other labor men were put on as witnesses to prove that the word “ patterns” was used in the trade in two different senses when relating to the commercial pattern and the model for a new machine. The board reserved its decision. ———_—_3-@—_———__—— The Duty on Thermit. The Board of United States General Appraisers is considering the protest by the Goldschmidt Chemical Company, Essen, Germany, and New York, against the rate of duty imposed by the local customs officers on Thermit, which is a material, the invention of Dr. Hans Goldschmidt, widely used in the welding of steel and iron. Its largest use probably is in welding electric rail- way rails, but it has also been used successfully in the repairing of steamship shafts and similar work. Thermit is composed of aluminum and oxide of iron, pulverized and mixed in certain definite proportions. When burned in a crucible it produces in a few seconds a mild steel, which is then allowed to flow down upon the joint or fracture to be welded, uniting with the old metal to form a perfect weld. When it was first im- ported the customs officers classified it as a manufacture of metal at 45 per cent., and later as a chemical com- pound at 25 per cent. The importers are now trying to secure refunds of part of the duty paid on the basis of its being a nonenumerated manufactured article, duti- able at 20 per cent. The decision of the general ap- praisers, however, will have no effect on the future price of the article, as a factory