The Iron Age 1903-10-08: Vol 72 Iss 15

THE IRON_+/A 2°O 1434 ; RA A Review of the Hardware, Iron, Machii##915u095;0 eran} rides," 0, Published: every ‘Thursday Morning by David Williams Co., 232-238 Willia SFE. Vol. 723 No. 15. New York, Thursday, October 8, 1903. } ty Rhee Ly lg Reading Matter Contents ....... page 52 Alonabeticat Index to Advertisers ‘* 175] Classified List of Advertisers. . 167 ee and Subscription Rates ” DOUBLE HAMMER GUNS Retailing at $20-$23-$25, are preferred because of their wear- ing and shooting qualities They have the reputation of Standing the Racket. This reputation and the advertising behind them make them easy to sell—and they stay sold. Remington advertising material sent to dealers on request. Dynamo 8. Louis, Mo. ELT“ Wow York. | IRON AND STEEL_& Bristol’s Patent aristol’s Patent Steel Belt Lacing Belt Laing.| FTHE REMINGTON ARMS CoO., SAVES ImriIomw, N. LY. Ta 313-315 Broadway, New York. 86-88 First Street, San Francisco, Cal. GreatestStrength with Least Metal. READY TO APPLY FINISHED JOINT Send for Circulars and Free Samples. ; : THE BRISTOL CO., Waterbury,Conn.|/ nn aitstseae5rcteewae >» = = a SAMSON SPOT CORD CAHAL | BO) |F RS See Page 126. SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS, Boston, Mass, nan Tienes. Pn HARTFORD, CONN. FORGINGS. Girard Butiding, Phila, a i Pi REGULAR PATTERN. Jenkins Bros.’ Valves. The metal and workmanship are the best. All parts are interchange- able. Need no regrinding, as they are more effectively repaired by re- newing the disc, which can be easily and quickly done without removing valve from the pipe, and costs but a trifle. .Insist on having the genuine, which always bear our Trade-Mark. JENKINS BROS., NewYork, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, London. TURNBUCKLES. $ | —— . 2 —i, Ge | ||: CAPEWELL HORSE NAILS: Cleveland Clty Forge and Iron Gon” ‘Cleveland. 0, | fa 6 ——_— rs | ae. .sew rede, Branches: PORTLAND, ORE., > ae )& PHILADELPHIA, BUFFALO, . aos $ os. a CHICAGO, DETROIT, BALTIMORE, 0 eo "ue=~ ST. LOUIS, CINCINNATI, NEW ORLEANS, & wi 3 s* | : BOSTON, SAN FRANCISCO, DENVER. y =| |] 3 THE CAPEWELL HORSE NAIL COMPANY , m 2 z MOST BEAUTIFUL IRON is Wood's’ Patent-Planished charcoal sheet,iron. Many years ago, the only such iron was Russia; it isn t “ Cumaann’ Pot Rolie Steel ee Drawing ane Stamping { gy these eis woow'e | UNGOUN” GOIG ROMEO S1G8 seit ne DIA W1Ng em Stamping 4 oa THE AMERICAN TUBE & STAMPING COMPANY BEE and 2 per cent Russia. (Water and Rail Delivery) BRIDGEPORT, CONN, PAGE 28. OC OT Quick service. Return a whole sheet ror an < mM AG WN Oo Lh IA M ETA lh e inch of fault. Best Anti-Friction Metal for all Machinery Bearings. Paste a Bar. MAGNOLIA METAL C0., Owners and Sole Manufacturers, 113-115 Bank Street, Pilaburg and | inet, We Chicago, Fisher Bidg. NEW YORK. ‘of Babbitt sae at We manutictare are al American Sheet Steel Company Battery Park New York bo THE IRON AGE. ANsoniA Brass B R AS \ eo p° COPPER CoO. WIRE . MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET BRASS AND COPPER ROD Seamless Tubes, Sheets, Rods and Wire, COPPER WIRE sous uancvacevaan GERMAN | SHEET Tobin Bronze} SILVER ) “Wire Condenser Piates,Pump Linings, Round, Square and Hexagon Bars, for Pump Piston Rods and Bolt Forgings. Seamless Tubes for Boilers and Condensers. 99 John Street, LOW BRASS. SHEET BRONZE. SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER TUBING. BRAZED BRASS AND G9 John Street, = - New Verk. York. F Rana: Coes Oh Randolph-Clowes Co., WATERBURY, CONN. WATERBURY ‘BRASS C0., WATERBURY, CONN. MANUFACTURERS OP 130 Centre St., New York. - Providence, R. I. SHEET BRASS & COPPER. BRIDGEPORT DEOXIDIZED BRONZE BRAZED og COPPER AND METAL COMPANY, BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Largest Jobbing Brass Foundry in New England. LARGE CASTINGS A SPECIALTY. Bronze, Brass, Aluminum and Babbitt Metals. No order too large for us to handle, None too small to receive our careful attention. SEAMLESS BRASS & COPPER TUBES ‘TO 36 IN. DIAM. New York Office, 253 Broadway, Postal Telegraph Bldg., Room 715. Chicago Office, 602 Fisher Bldg. @seevene a ae - can Ge ge Se Pape, Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., LA SALLE, ILLINOIS. SMELTERS OF SPELTER AND MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC ACID. Special Sizes of Zinc cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates. Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lithographers’ use. Selected Sheets for Paper and Card Makers’ use. Stove and Washboard Blanks. ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. MU Leak TN eeag ILO e88-:74a4 West Monroe St. tH toh BAL bobs NAME IVA ALT TRME COCA SECA TICE UUTIIDDITN] bee hsaAba be oa <—», | BRASS, BRONZE and ALUMINUM CASTINGS. Founders, Finishers, W. G. ROWELL & CO., BRIDGEPORT, CONN CKS BROTHERS PROPRIETORS OF Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, Brasicers’ Bolt ax ana Sheathing COPPER, Importers ingot Copper, Block Tin, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, etc. 49 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK. THe PLUME & ATWOOD MES. 0, MANUFACTURERS OF Sheet and Roll Brass WiIRG PRINTERS’ BRASS, JEWELERS’ METAL, Gooman SILVER AND GILDING METAL, COPPER pf) AND BURRS. Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Keres sene Burners, Lamps, Trimmings, &c. ETS Lamp 29 MURRAY ST., NEW YORE. 144 HIGH ST., BOSTON. 199 LAKE ST., CHICAGO, FACTORIE: ROLLING MILL : : THOMASTON, CONN. WATERBURY, “CONN. SCOVILL MFG. CO.., Manufacturers of BRASS, CERMAN SILVER Sheets, Rolis, Wire Rods, Bolts and Tubes, Brass Shells, Cups, Hinges, Buttons, Lamp Coods. SPECIAL BRASS GOUDS TO ORDER Factories, WATERBURY, CONN. NEW YORK, DEPOTS: CHICAGO, BOSTON. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, AGENTS FOR Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co., DEALERS IN COPPER, TIN, SPELTER, LEAD, ANTIMONY. 100 John Street, New York. Arthur T. Rutter SUCCESSOR TO WILLIAM S. FEARING 256 Broadway, NEW YORK. Small tubing in Brass, Copper, Steel, Aluminum, German Silver, &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and Ger- man Silver. Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire. Brazed and Seamless Brass and Copper Tule. Copper a: and | Brass Re Rod. “Seareh Light” OIL and GAS Bicycle Lanterns: Send for Circulars and Electretypec. THE BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO Bridgeport, Conn. 3 Murray aa ot 1 No, Mth St. Pailadeiphie. The Principal Species of Wood. Th# characteristic = rties. By Charles |! Reuss’ in the text, 89 fo page * nalt- Png * cloth For sale by David Williams Co., 232 William St., N.Y mY Vs The La Belle Iron Works. ‘Through the courtesy of E. W. Mudge, vice-president the La Belle Iron Works, a representative of The /ron ive was recently shown over the company’s plant at Steubenville, Ohio. In the past three or four years they ive expended a large amount of money in improvements ind in building new works and now have one of the most ouplete plants in the country, embracing a blast fur nace in operation, a second stack building, an open hearth steel plant, a large plate mill and skelp and pipe mills. The original operations of the La Belle Iron Works were at Wheeling, W. Va., where the company for over THE IRON AGE HURSDAY, OcTroBeErR 8, 1903 that at times the quality of the steel was not up to their requirements, the company decided to add an open hearth plant and a large plate mill, and these have just been finished. The La Belle Iron Works own at Steubenville about 7) acres of ground, more than half of this area being oc- cupied by their various plants. Part of the balance is low ground, which is used for dumping purposes, but in time will make a very desirable site for further exten- sions to the plant, which are in contemplation. In all their operations the La Belle Iron Works have aimed to erect modern plants, equipped with the most improved machinery, in order to secure the lowest possible cost of manufacture of their products. The arrangement is most admirable, not only with regard to the receiving of Fig. 10.—The Pipe Mill. THE LA BELLE ov years operated a large cut nail factory and skelp mills. Later a modern tin plate plant was built, but this was illerward sold to the American Tin Plate Company. In v9 the La Belle Iron Works commenced to transfer ir operations to Steubenville, Ohio, first erecting a versal mill for rolling plates and skelp, with a daily pacity of about 600 tons. It was found that the open rket did not take readily the entire output of the lp mill, and it was then decided to add large pipe Lulls. The company also bought the Jefferson Furnace, fom the Jefferson Iron Works, at Steubenville, but nd the stack was not in good condition and it was 1 down and rebuilt. With the completion of the remodeled blast furnace La Belle Iron Works then had at Steubenville a mod- € . blast furnace and skelp and pipe mills, buying their 8 el in the open market. Owing to difficulty in securing mpt supplies of steel, and also on account of the fact IRON WORKS. material and its delivery to the various departments, but also in the handling of the partly finished produet through the various mills. This is shown in the accompanying ground plan, Fig. 1, which, however, does not cover the entire plant, pig casting machines being located beyond the tube mill. Blast Furnace Plaut. As stated above, the La Belle Iron Works now have oue complete modern stack, 20 x 90 feet, Fig. 2, and are building a duplicate furnace, which is well on toward completion. Stack No. 1 was placed in operation about May 1 and has made some excellent records for pro- duction. It is equipped with four Massicks & Crooke hot blast stoves, the furnace proper and the stoves having been built by George W. McClure, Son & Co., Pittsburgh, Pa., who are sole agents in this country for this type of stove. Stack No. 2 and the four Massicks & Crooke stoves are being built by the same firm. The cast house é , SWYHOM NOU! ATIAA WI AHL October “UMd Punoipp— | “Oty eens "ae HSvay ~"3° t — — pales 2M $+} 4904S Yaw uadg ; capunog pue doyg ourporlt AGE. eal AE 7 ihr q riaqn | Qo 4 saaddyaay yo2uy m % 3: O = x wo 2 4 Gr = 8 i) ; — 7 . dogs syeday dye bY 4 asnoH 1aMmod ae [ = t = , = s, : = Sot asnop] 100 PO4d ae nize ot P i | c i jim ‘wud P'O 2 yo q2> > we ee yuo on - an i DUNS aie ene RN 1y a poor = Rate RR all la tober 8, 1903 THE 65> x 140 feet in size and is located between the two 1wces. rhe slag is run from the present stack to a Heyl & terson slag machine, which granulates the slag deposits it in large storage bins, from which it vaded directly into railroad cars by means of a chute. take care of the slag The y runners are so arranged that in case of a break- n of the slag machine the liquid can be into hot slag cars. On the south side of the cast use is located the hot metal track. Here the ladle cars filled with metal from the furnaces and conveyed ier directly to the open hearth plant, where the direct tal process is in use, or to the pig casting machines. » ladle cars are of 25 tons capacity each. The present blast furnace is equipped, and the second e also will be, with gas washers of the Steese type, which t only wash the gas, but also act as a safety device in machine will also s slag wm the second stack when it is put in operation. De siags THE LA of an explosion. Each gas washer consists of a ugh 46 feet long, 19 feet wide and 9 feet deep. This ugh is filled with water and the gas coming from the naces impinges upon the water and passes out through & return elbow, coming in contact with the water two ad- onal times in a similar manner and passes out washed 0 the gas main, from which it is distributed to the stoves and gas fired boilers. The furnace tops are fur- ed with Brown rotary distributers. and the skip sts are of the single bucket type, built by the Brown sting Machinery Company of Cleveland, Ohio. Ore Dock and Bins. ln order to secure the benefit of receiving ore by the erent railroads, the tracks for bringing ore to the ore Fig. 3, are located between the Cleveland & Pitts- za Railroad and the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chi & St. Louis Railroad. At an elevation of 40 feet e the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Railroad the ore ks connect with the bin tracks. There are 240 feet uirabolic ore bins provided for the two furnaces. suspended electrically driven larries. provided with 5 les for weighing the different grades of ore and lime- Ss ne, are operated underneath the ore bins and deliver IRON BELLE we AGE. the ore and limestone to the skip hoists. The coke bins ire provided with chutes to deliver the coke into the skip are delivered into the elevated track The ore bins and larries were built by the Brown Hoist- while the MeClintic-Marshall Pittsburgh built the overhead trestle in connection with the ore and coke bins. An ore bridge, built by the Brown Hoisting Machinery Company, commands the entire ore dock, which is 450 feet long and 150 feet added. buc«cets. The coke, ore and limestone the bins from drop bottom cars on ing Machinery Company, Construction Company of wide. A second ore bridge will very likely be Blowing Engines. The blowing engines for furnishing the blast to fur- nace No. 1 are located in an engine house between boiler Nos. 1 and 2. The blast is furnished by two Weimer blowing engines, each 42 x 84 x 60 inches, and two Mackintosh, Hemphill & Co. engines, each 38 x SO x linmediately back of this engine house, and houses oo inches. Blast Furnuce No. 1 IRON WORKS house, which contains compound connected with it, is the pump four open heaters, four duplex boiler feed pumps and two low service water pumps. A new biow- ing engine house is now being built on the west side of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Railroad. This building will be equipped with three pairs of horizontal cross com- pound blowing engines, having 44 x 66 inch high pressure steam cylinders, 84 x 66 inch low pressure cylinders and 84 x 66 inch air cylinders. These engines are being built by the Mesta Machine Company of Pittsburgh, Pa. An elevated condenser will be installed for condensing the exhaust steam from these engines. The intention is to blow the two furnaces with these three pairs of engines. The present blowing engines will be used as reserve in case of a breakdown to any of the horizontal cross com- pound engines Open Hearth Steel Department. A stock house, 80 x 500 feet, is located at the south end of the open hearth plant. The floor of the stock is commanded by three electric cranes, two of 5 each and the third of 10 tons capacity. house tons capacity The material to be charged into the open hearth furnaces is loaded into charging boxes, which are placed on charg- od Seg re - 4 THE IRON AGE. ing cars. These charging cars are then carried by means of an inclined conveyor to the charging floor of the open hearth plant, Fig. 4. The open hearth plant consists of nine 50-ton open hearth furnaces and 86 gas producers, The gas producers and furnaces were built by Alex Laughlin & Co. of Pittsburgh, Pa. The open hearth building is 740 feet long and 125 feet wide. The charging floor is commanded by two Well man-Seaver charging machines and a 40-ton electric trav- eling crane for charging hot metal into the open hearth furnaces. The casting floor, Fig. 5, is commanded by two 75-ton ladle cranes. Two pouring platforms are pro- vided. The gas producers are of the Laughlin water seal type. Coal bins located above the gas producers carry the necessary coal supply. Chutes leading from these bins to the charging hoppers of each gas producer admit of the charging of the producers by gravity. Above these October »&, wide slabs can be edged without the use of a This mill is especially designed for rolling thin a1 slabs. In a direct line with the blooming mill is a hydraulic shear, used for shearing the slabs tions when finishing direct on the skelp mill. When rolling thin gauges of material on mill the slabs coming from the blooming mill ar: tT] ferred beyond the hydraulic shear to a second where they are sheared into sections. These sectio1 then stored hot in three heat retaining furnaces operator who feeds the slabs to the finishing ske] draws a slab from these heat retaining furnaces slab is conveyed on a roller table in front of the heat furnaces located near the skelp mill. The s] then pushed into the wash heat furnace by means hydraulic pusher. Every time the operator draws : from the heat retaining furnace he pushes one out of r Fig. 3.—Ore Dock for the Blast Furnaces THE LA BELLE coal bins is located the narrow gauge track for the coal cars and the electric locomotive which brings the coal supply direct from the storage bins at the mine shaft house to the producer houses. Soaking Pit Furnaces. After the ingots have been cast the ingot cars with the ingots and molds are taken to the soaking pit fur- nace building, Fig. 6, which is 351 feet long and 90 feet wide. At the end of this building are located two elec trically operated ingot extractors used for charging and drawing. These extractors, as well as the ingot cranes, were furnished by the Wellman-Seaver-Morgan Com- pany, Cleveland, Ohio. After the ingots are stripped they are conveyed to the pit furnaces by means of the in got cranes. There are four pit furnaces, each haying four pit holes. An electrically driven ingot buggy brings the ingots from the pit furnaces to the blooming mill. Blooming Mill. This is a 45-inch mill, driven by a pair of 46 x 60 horizontal geared reversing engines, Fig. 7, built by the Mesta Machine Company. Special manipulators are pro- vided for the blooming mill tables, so that narrow and IRON WORKS. wash heat’ furnace. Therefore this arrangement shears and furnaces admits of rolling direct or of roll wash heated slabs. Between these two hydraulic she: is located a roller table and at its extreme end is a ste shear. This shear is used for shearing material that to be shipped or material that is to be sent from blooming mill cut to length to the heating furnaces the two other skelp mills located in a separate build alongside of the blooming mill building. Skelp Mills. The skelp mill, Fig. 8, located in line with the blo ing mill is of the universal continuous type. The rou ing mill is driven by a 40 x 60 engine. The mill cons of horizontal and vertical rolls, and a conveyor ta brings the materia] coming from this mill to a thr high finishing mill, Fig. 9. The latter is a 24-inch 1 and is driven by a 40 and 80 x 60 tandem compound gine. ‘The finished material from this mill is then de ered on a hot bed. The engines driving the skelp n were built by the Buckeye Engine Company, Sal Ohio. The roughing mill was built by the Lloyd Bo plant of the United Engineering & Foundry Compa October 8, 1903 THE IRON AGE. The finishing mill was built by the West Penn Foundry naces, built by Alex Laughlin & Co., furnish the hot & Machine Company. slabs to the three-high roughing mill. Tables convey the From the hot bed the material is placed on a shear roughed material to the two-high finishing mills, ar- table, where it passes through a large guillotine shear ranged tandem and driven by the engine operat- and is cut to length. The sheared material is then piled ing the roughing mill. This engine is 36 x 60, Corliss THE LA BELLE IRON WORKS a mechanical piling apparatus. These piles are then type. The finished material from the mills is she ded into railroad cars within the building by by two guillotine sh , and is afterward mechani electric crane, to be delivered to the pipe ly piled and taken to the tube plant or shipped elsew ll or shipped elsewhere. The two mills for roll- All mill tables are electrically driven. g the smaller sizes of skelp up to 15 inches The hydraulic power is furnished by three pairs width are located in a separate building running horizontal cross compound condensing fly wheel pum] rallel to the blooming mill. Continuous heating fur- These pumps have 17-inch high pressure cylinders, + 99Ghin. LTR = OE 6 THE IRON AGE. inch low pressure cylinders, 544-inch double acting out- side end packed pump plungers, with 36-inch stroke. The speed of these pumps is controlled by an accumu- lator. They were furnished by the Snow Steam Pump Company, Buffalo, N. Y. Two pairs of duplex compound pumps, furnished by the Epping-Carpenter Company, are located in the south end of this building and furnish hydraulic pressure to the skelp mills. Bollers. The boiler houses are equipped with Stirling boilers. Of the 13,000 horse-power now installed 7000 horse-power are gas fired and the remaining 6000 horse-power are coal fired. The coal fired boilers are provided with the Green chain grate. The ashes from.the boilers and the gas producers located near the pit furnace building and the refuse from the soaking pit furnaces are conveyed by an electrically driven ash car to an ash hoist lo- 7 October 8, L! facture of sockets, and nearly all the smaller mach are driven by individual motors. The skelp from skelp mills is unloaded from cars by means of ele traveling cranes ready to be charged into the furna Electric traveling cranes also distribute the welded | from the furnaces to the threading machines, benches and into the warehouse. A pipe galvanizing partment, modernly equipped, adjoins the pipe mill. line of gas producers, located immediately at the rear the furnaces, is provided with coal bins similar to th described in connection with the open hearth plant. M of the pipe mill machinery was furnished by the Unit Engineering & Foundry Company. Coal Properties. The company own extensive coking coal properties located in Randolph County, W. Va., and in Fayett: Pw Ys , ih —_ i Bes tet / 3 EE ; & Fig. 6.—Soaking Pits. THE LA BELLE cated at the extreme end of the pit furnace building. This ash hoist is provided with a large storage bin. The refuse from the boiler house, pit furnaces and gas pro- ducer is elevated into this bin, from which it is loaded into railroad cars by means of a chute. Miscellaneous Buildings. The pattern shop, machine shop and foundry, black- smith shop, pattern storage house and the electric power house are located near the ore dock. The electric power house is equipped with generators for furnishing both direct and alternating current. The alternating current is used for driving the pipe mill machinery, while the di- rect current is used for operating the electrical machin- ery in other parts of the plant. Pipe Mill. The pipe mill, Fig. 10, is located at the southern end of the property. The equipment consists of two butt weld and two lap weld mills, which produce pipe from 1% to 12 inches in diameter. The socket department is equipped with the best modern machinery for the manu- IRON WORKS. County, Pa. At the latter property they have just eom pleted 200 coke ovens, and are now drawing their sup ply of coke from that source. This property is so located that shipments can be made by river as well as by rai! Upon the completion of blast furnace No. 2 it is probable that coke ovens will be built at the West Virginia coa property, which is located on the line of the Wabas! Railroad. At their Wheeling plant the company have : large acreage of coal, the mine opening being locate within 100 feet of the manufacturing plant. The coa property at Steubenville embraces more than 3000 acre The distribution of the coal from the Steubenville mi! is made over an elevated steel trestle, which connects t! shaft opening with the various gas producer plants a! boiler houses, by means of electric locomotives. T! mining operations are carried on by the use of col pressed air mining and hauling appliances, and a unig feature of the operation of this plant is that not a pou! of coal is handled by the use of the shovel after it brought from the mine, the fuel reaching the point consumption through a complete system of bins a! hoppers. October &, 1908 THE IRON AGE. Ore Preperties. work is now in progress and additional ore is being de The La Belle Iron Works are the sole owners of the veloped. The company are thus self contained, having itt Iron Mining Company, operating the following ore’ their supply of raw materials in the form of ores, coal, Fig. 8 The Skelp Mill, Blooming End THE LA BELLE IRON WORKS. operties, namely, the Wacootah, the La Belle and the coke and limestone, as well as a market within their own lier, all of which are located on the Mesaba range. It system of plants for their products, which are sold not estimated that the tonnage of ore in sight on these in a semifinished state, but in a completed form to the iree properties exceeds 17,000,000 tons. Exploration actual consumer. LoS eet a 8 THE General Remarks. The initial capital stock of the La Belle Iron Works was $400,000. This has been increased from time to time until it now amounts to $7,000,000, which is fully paid up. The officials of the La Belle Iron Works are J. E. Vright, president; A. J. Clarke and E. W. Mudge, vice- presidents; W. E. Beswick, secretary; D. J. Sinclair, treasurer; W. B. Higgins, assistant treasurer. W. D. Crawford is general manager of the entire plant. Products Made. At the present time the La Belle Iron Works are op- erating a cut nail factory at Wheeling, W. Va., contain- ing 225 nail machines, turning out about 1500 kegs of cut nails per day. They also operate at Wheeling two skelp mills, rolling skelp up to 18 inches wide, also shovel plate, tack plate and stamping stock for special pur- poses. These two mills have a daily capacity of 250 tons. At Steubenville one blast furnace is in operation, turning , ; , — oo foe Fp) tay PD en IRON AGE. October 8, 191) A Georgia Water Power Development. The Winding Shoals Electric Power Company cently incorporated at Buford, Ga., will install a hyd electric plapt on the Chattahoochee River, four m west of Buford, Ga. The location selected for the and power house is said to be a most advantageous o lying between high bluffs, which are composed aln entirely of solid granite. The plans contemplate the « struction of a crib dam, for which an abundance ot terial can be secured in close proximity to the pla The power house will be of stone and concrete const! tion. Details of the power house machinery have been fully worked out, but it can be stated definitely t! the first equipment of wheels and generators will be about 3000 horse-power, ultimately increasing it to 600 A portion of the power will be utilized by local 1 tories in Buford, which is the largest leather manut turing district in the South, and for the Atlanta, Bufo ae tue ¥ Tia Ly Fig. 9.—The Skelp Mill, Finishing End. THE LA BELLE out about 400 tons a day, and the second stack will be ready, as stated above, about the first of the year and will turn out about the same amount. The open hearth steel plant, which contains nine 50-ton furnaces, is turn- ing out nearly 1000 tons of open hearth blooms, billets and slabs per day. Some splendid records for produc- tion have recently been made in this plant. The large plate mill turns out plates from 6% to 26 inches wide and in lengths as long as 150 feet. Nos. 4 and 5 skelp mills turn out steel skelp from 3% to T% inches wide. sigalg Sauveur & Whiting, 446 Tremont street, Boston, Mass., have issued an announcement stating, that beginning with January 1, 1904, the Metallographist will be pub- lished as a part of the Jron and Steel Metallurgist. The purpose of this enlarged magazine will be to do for iron metallurgists, engineers and chemists what the Metallo- graphist has previously done for those interested in me tallography. It will be published monthly, and the sub scription price is $5 per annum. The amount of money in circulation in the United States is now $29.75 per capita, the highest figure ever reached in the history of the country. IRON WORKS. & Gainesville Railway, for which a survey is now being made. ‘Che balance of the power will be transmitted to Atlanta and surrounding towns; the bulk of it wil! most likely be taken to Atlanta. The Electrical Equipment Company, 939-40 Monad nock Building Chicago, of which J. W. Peterson is presi dent, are preparing the plans and specifications and wil soon be ready to receive bids for the machinery equi) ment and construction work. Mr. Peterson is one of tli officers of the power company and has personally ha: charge of the engineering details in connection with tl works. He has associated with him in the compan) several prominent men of Atlanta, Gainesville and Ch cago, and it is their intention to start construction as soon as the contracts can be let. euitncnesailllceaibnlie A Glasgow cablegram dated October 1 states that a cording to the Glasgow Herald, the British Admiralty has received tenders for the construction of 15 torped boat destroyers, to have a speed of 2546 knots. Theil chief characteristics will be to have a higher forecastle The builders were asked to submit designs for the ma chinery on the forced lubrication principle, so that the working parts of the engines will be inclosed. etober 8, 1903 alks with Lawyers on the Labor Question.—IV. In considering the labor question from a legal point of ’ we should not forget that it is a national problem hich should be handled on a national basis. We have fairest and most impartial courts in the world for tional questions—our Federal courts—and for many asons they should be called upon to furnisk a solution some of the questions of law that are involved. Many bor leaders have shown themselves unwilling to accept he decisions of the courts when they lose. We have eard a great deal about organized efforts to “ boycott ” the polls any judges who are “unfriendly” to or- nized labor, and while the agitators have been unable hus far to deliver the goods in their efforts to knife udges who decide against labor unions, there is danger that they might in the future exercise a pernicious influ- ice in judicial elections. Federal judges are recruited, by appointment, from the ablest lawyers in the land, usually men who have distinguished themselves on the State bench, and it is not likely that lawless organiza- tions will ever be able to control their selection. The Federal courts have jurisdiction in practically all strikes of workingmen employed by manufacturers. These strikes are usually controlled by national organiza- tions, and the fact that the union involved covers more than one State is sufficient, in itself, to give the Federal courts jurisdiction. Manufacturing, in itself, is a State business over which the Federal courts have no control, except when the rights of citizens of two or more States are involved, or when there is some question of inter- state commerce or of some right guaranteed by the na- tional Constitution. Once they have acquired jurisdiction the power of the Federal courts is absolute, as courts of equity. They have no criminal jurisdiction, excepting on a charge of interfering with interstate commerce, or in- terference with rights guaranteed to citizens by the Con- stitution. The question of vagrancy and other criminal phases of the labor problem must be left to the State courts, There has been so much said about government by injunction in this country that many people have become confused regarding the powers and duties of the courts. We have come to look upon them merely as institutions to analyze quarrels over property and to punish crimi- nals who have been indicted by the Grand Jury, and we seem to have an instinctive feeling that honest men ought to shun them. Even some of our able lawyers and judges on the State bench nave had much to say of a dis- creditable nature regarding what they call the usurpa- tions of the Federal courts, in presuming to issue in- junctions for the purpose of preserving peace in labor troubles. We recognize the fact that Congress has abso- lute power to make laws regulating affairs that are cov- ered by the Constitution, like interstate commerce, and we ought to give the same recognition to the fact that the Federal courts have absolute power in their field, not only in enforcing Federal laws but in enforcing the laws of the States as well, when the rights of citizens of two or more States are involved. “ The judicial power of the United States,” vested in the Federal courts, is just as complete as the legislative power vested in Congress, and the Supreme Court may call on the army and navy of the United States to enforce its decrees. The principal reason that so little has been done to secure from the courts the proper protection for employ- ers is that the individual employer cannot afford the ex- ense and trouble of a long legal battle, especially in the federal courts, over some abstract question of law. We have, however, half a dozen or more of national associa- ‘ions of employers which are seeking the support and money of manufacturers. The man who pays his dues in ‘hese associations is entitled to something more than nere agitation for his money. It would be easier for hem to fight the battles of their members in the Federal ourts than in the State courts, and if they would win a few decisive victories their members would have no more rouble with lawlessness in strikes. The best proof that our modern shepherds of labor ire afraid of the Federal courts is the great outcry that hey make against these august tribunals. They can bull- loze a jury in a State court, often composed of loafers THE IRON AGE, 9 picked up on the street, but Federal juries are composed of a better class of men who have respect for the law and for their oath to pass impartially on the cases submitted to them. Federal judges, too, have more of the stern old Roman magistrate in them. The majesty of the law, which transformed the barbarians of Europe into peace- able, law abiding citizens, is no idle phrase in our Fede- ral courts, to be set aside carelessly by an ignorant jury. It is a matter for wonder or even amazement that so little has been done by employers to assert their rights and protect the men who want to work, when we con- sider how many safeguards the law has provided. The Federal Constitution, for example, says: “No person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law,” a declaration that is almost as positive as the amendment forbidding slavery. The man who wants to work is deprived of his liberty when he is driven away from his work or sent crippled to the hos- pital, and the offense against the Constitution is just as clear, if not so flagrant, as though he were held as a slave and compelled to work. This offense is committed by men who conspire together to do it, and able lawyers call attention to the fact that it is indictable under Fed- eral laws, and subject to imprisonment for not more than two years, or a fine of not more than $10,000, or both fine and imprisonment. It was for a similar offense that Debs was prosecuted and convicted, for conspiring to in- terfere with interstate commerce and with the mails. The personal liberty of the citizen ought to be vastly more sacred than a carload of freight or a bag of mail, and we might have some surprising results if an association of employers would prosecute a few cases along this line. A Western labor union invoked the power of the Federal courts recently to defend and protect some of its mem- bers who had been driven out of town by the citizens, on the ground that the citizens had deprived them of their constitutional rights, and it would seem as though the rule ought to work both ways. There are at least three ways in which the Federal! courts can act: 1, As courts of equity, to issue injunc- tions in defense of property rights; 2, to issue injunc- tions in defense of interstate commerce; and, 3, to prose- cute criminally the men responsible for lawlessness. Criminal prosecution would undoubtedly be the most ef- fective, as it would only be necessary to make an example of a few in order to make the law clear to millions. The railways have had no great strikes since the Debs affair. eo The Utah Iron Mines. DututH, Minn., October 3, 1908.—I have advices from Salt Lake City confirming my statement in The Iron Age of early summer as to work in the Iron County fields. 275 miles southwest of Salt Lake. It appears that 2500 men are at work for W. A. Clark in extending the Oregon Short Line across the mountains westerly to the Pacific Coast. These men are working from the western end of the line running south from Salt Lake, and are grading a few miles southwest from the Iron County fields. The connection from Salt Lake to the coast should be made the coming year. S. B. Milner has a large force opening a mine at Desert Mound, at the point in the Iron County field where earliest mining in that entire field was predicted in my letters from Salt Lake last June. He is preparing to mine ore and is looking for a water supply for a town and for expensive operations. Messrs. Clark, Milner, United States Senator Kearns and others were in the fields last week making full inspection and deciding on operations. The recent sale of Bishop Taylor Estate holding in the ore bearing formation is the result of an option taken some time ago, and then referred to in my letters from Salt Lake. The purchase of these holdings by the Colo- rado Fuel & Iron Company leaves very little in the dis- trict outside of properties owned by three or four groups. It is reported that the ore bearing formation has been traced along to the northeast as far as opposite Parowan, and there have been recent explorations thereabouts that have indicated the existence of ore in considerable quan- tity. This is some distance from what was supposed to be the limits of the profitable field, and opens a consid- erable field for additional search. bh Be Ww. pr so a - eee. TH >si« Le RRO Or RT RT LIL: TEED Ge en -— coe - 10 THE IRON AGE. The Cause of the Great Decline in Stocks. The following interesting explanation of the great de- cline in stocks is taken from the New York Commercial: Hardly a week has passed during the last three months in which the story has not been heard in Wall Street of some prominent capitalist who has been ferced to dump on the market, or transfer at private sale, large biocks of standard stocks. Only a few days ago 70,000 shares, principally Steel Preferred, which had been car- ried for a year by a prominent capitalist, were thrown on the market. A year ago this capitalist was worth $6,000,- 000, but last week he was unable to put up an additional $700,000 as a margin to protect his holdings. A few days ago mention was made of a well-known Philadelphia capitalist who was forced to transfer at pri- vate sale 10,000 shares of Metropolitan and a block of Standard Oil stock. On the same day another capitalist was forced to sell 10,000 shares of an investment stock, at first reported to be Delaware & Hudson, but now un- derstood to be General Electric, at 25 points below the market price. These are only a few instances of capi- talists, who a year or two ago were worth from $6,000,- 000 to $10,000,000, but who have been forced to sell out their holdings to meet their obligations during the last two or three months. To many people these stories sound strange. They cannot understand how men worth many millions are forced to dump on the market investment holdings at a tremendous sacrifice. The case of the embarrassed mil- lionaire, however, is very simple and can easily be ex- plained. Resources Tangled Up. The cause of the embarrassment of most of these mil- lionaires is that they have allowed their resources to be- come tangled up in underwriting syndicates and unsal- able securities. To explain this entanglement of capital it is necessary to go back to the formation of the first United States Steel underwriting syndicate. This was formed for $200,000,000. Only $25,000,000, however, was ever called, and this amount was soon returned to the members. In addition they received $50,000,000 in prof- its. The Steel underwriting syndicate was the most suc- cessful and profitable syndicate ever organized. The members received back the $25,000,000 which they put up and a profit of 200 per cent. besides. As a result capitalists were eager to become members of any underwriting syndicate which was organized. As stated above, only $25,000,000, or only one-eighth of the $200,000,000 pledged by the members of the Steel under- writing syndicate was ever called for. In other words, a capitalist who subscribed for $1,000,000 was only called upon to put up $125,000, which he got back in a few months. The result was that this capitalist, when he be- came a member of another underwriting syndicate, would subscribe for $4,000,000, instead of - $1,000,000, believing that not over $500,000 or at most $1,000,000 would ever be called. In this way, he calculated, he would make four times as much profit. This calculation would have worked out all right if the other underwriting syndicates had been as successful as the first. But none of them has; most of them have been failures. The underwriting syndicate of the Inter- national Mercantile Marine, as an illustration, was formed for $50,000,000. Most of its members were also members of the Steel underwriting syndicate. Many cap- italists, instead of subscribing for $1,000,000, as they could have afforded, subscribed for $4,000,000, believing that only 25 per cent. of the subscription would ever be called. This syndicate, however, did not prove to be the success which the Steel syndicate was. Instead of only 12% per cent. being called, as was the case in the Steel syndicate, the International Mercantile Marine was forced to call the entire 100 per cent. Had to Raise Millions. In other words, a capitalist had to raise $3,000,000 more than he had expected. In the majority of instances the only way this money could be raised was to sell a part and in some instances virtually all of the investment holdings. To raise the money at once high class securi- October 8, 1‘ ties, like the Pennsylvania, New York Central and G eral Electric, had to be dumped on the market. ‘I helps to explain the heavy and urgent liquidation in stock market last spring and summer. The International Mercantile Marine, however, is « one of the syndicates which have worked in a similar \ The United States Realty Syndicate was a lamenta failure. Its members suffered a loss of $5,500,000, at having put up $11,000,000. The United States St bond conversion syndicate has already called for $5,00 000, and the members are likely to be called upon for additional $15,000,000 at any moment. In addition ca, talists have been embarrassed by a large part of their 1 sources being tied up in unsalable securities. The cause of the embarrassment last week of tw prominent Southern banking firms was the fact that the; had a large part of their resources tied up in Seaboard Air Line issues, which they were unable to sell, as ther was no buying power in the market. The cause of thé embarrassment of certain prominent Philadelphia capi talists is attributed to the fact that their resources wei: tied up in traction securities. They were also members of several syndicates and had borrowed heavily on their holdings. The underwriting syndicates of which they were members called upon them for more money than they had expected to have to pay. The decline in the price of the securities, on which they had borrowed heavy ily, caused the banks to require them to put up more margin. To meet these demands these Philadelphia capi- talists were forced to throw on the market and sell at private sale a large part of their holdings of Pennsy)- vania, Baltimore & Ohio, Metropolitan and other stocks. The collapse of the United States Shipbuilding Com- pany, the Consolidated Lake Superior Company, the Sal- mon Packing & Navigation Company and other indus- trials caused heavy losses to millionaires, many of whom were also members of underwriting syndicates which had failed. All of these combined to increase the extent of the losses, as they fully explain why the tremendous de- . Cline in prices during the last eight months has been calied a “ rich man’s panic.” St. Louis Ore and Mineral Exhibits. The following letter of instructions has been sent by Dr. J. A. Holmes, chief of the department, to all the State commissions applying for space in the Mines and Metallurgy Building of the St. Louis Universal Exposi tion : At former expositions the exhibits of minerals and ores made by State commissions have not been as con- prehensive or as representative as they should have been Neither the mining engineer of to-day nor the genera! public is impressed with seeing large specimens of ores especially selected for exhibit. What the engineer de sires to see—and it is on his information that the capi talists make investments—is an exhibit which will illus trate not only the average richness of the deposit, but will show the country rock contiguous to such deposits The country rock is the basis upon which the mining en gineer makes his investigations, and if the above plan is carried out by the various State commissions he will have an opportunity of examining the country rock of the fa mous mines of one State and of comparing and contrast ing them with the country rock of mines in other States We are endeavoring to have this idea carried out in it fullest detail, and ask the co-operation of the commission: from the various mining States with this end in view and we trust that you will aid us as far as may be possi ble. en A Glasgow cablegram confirms the report that tl Allan Line will build a turbine steamer. The contra has been placed with Workman & Clark, shipbuilders « Belfast. The vessel is intended for the Liverpool-Can dian mail service, and will be the largest and fastest « the Allan fleet. The turbines will be of the Parsons typ The main dimensions will be: Length, over 500 fee gross tonnage, 12,000; indicated horse-power, 10,00 speed, 17 knots. The steamer will be ready early ne> season. The New American Lathe. ‘The new lathe designed by the American Tool Works mpany of Cincinnati, Ohio, is provided with a friction geared head for direct connection to an electric motor. he head stock is a complete unit, to which any type of otor, constant or variable speed, single or multiple yitage, may be readily connected, the motor being set on yp er at the rear of the gear casing. The mechanical peed changing device is very simple and powerful, re- juiring only six gears for changes of spindle speeds. All rears are completely housed in. They are arranged to un at very low pitch line velocities, reducing to a mini- num the noise incidental to gear drives. This construc- ion, in connection with a variable speed motor, provides 0 spindle speeds on the 20-inch lathe, ranging from 5 to 322 revolutions per minute in geometrical progression, all obtained while the machine is in operation. The motor controller lever will be located on the right hand side of the carriage at the hand of the operator. All working ctober 8, 1903 THE IRON AGE. 11 bringing suits and investigations. A New York financial journal states that careful inquiries made regarding the future progress of the Government with regard to the so- called trusts develops information from wholly reliable sources that the Administration contemplates nothing further in the anti-trust line. Authorities that may be relied upon say that there will positively not be any legal attack by the Government upon the United States Steel Corporation or any other combination of a like character after the United States Supreme Court has rendered its decision in the Northern Securities merger case. ee The Year’s Insolvencies, Comniercial insolvencies in the United States during the first nine months this year, according to reports to R. G. Dun & Co., were 8176 in number, with assets of $53,109,- 285 and liabilities of $101,655,855. As to number there THE NEW AMERICAN LATHE. parts are readily accessible, and proper lubrication is provided for. This speed changing mechanism is also adapted to belt drive from the countershaft, as in the il- lustration, and the great flexibility of this construction will permit a machine thus installed as a belt driven lathe to be readily converted into a motor driven lathe at any future time. In addition to the speed variator, this lathe is equipped with a rapid change gear mechanism, providing a wide range of changes for feeding and screw cutting, each change being available while the machine is in full operation, without removal of a single gear. Simple but complete index plates show clearly how to ob- tain any desired feed. Steel gears are used wherever nec- essary, the cone of gears being all steel. The bed is of the drop V-pattern, which throws an exceptional amount of metal into the bridge of the carriage. The lead screw is placed on the inside of the bed, bringing the pull di- rectly under the cutting tool, thus centralizing the strain and obviating all tendency to twist found in lathes where the pull is through the apron. The half nuts are operated by a lever at the front of the carriage. jiimamanaaaliiasi pail Nothing is heard now of Government attacks on in- dustrial corporations. The declines in the trust stocks seem to have satisfied whoever were instrumental in appears a most encouraging decrease of exactly 500 as compared with the corresponding months last year, when the aggregate was 8676, but liabilities this year have been very much heavier than the $85,407,490 reported a year ago. Dun’s Review says: “To an extent that few realize the legitimate trade and industry of the nation were in- volved in the stock market, and that suspensions have not been more numerous is testimony to the great strength and recuperative power of the business world. In addition there was the strain of numerous and costly labor struggles, and, moreover, the enhanced cost of ma- terials, fuel and other operating expenses held down net profits so that expansion has decreased and new facil- ities are not added with the freedom that has marked the march of commercial progress for several years. Fortunately, events are demonstrating that this conserva- tism was engendered early enough to prevent what might have been a serious industrial and commercial! crisis.” es The Stanley Electric Mfg. Company of Pittsfield, Mass., announce the opening of two new sales offices, one at Cincinnati, with headquarters i