The Iron Age 1903-09-03: Vol 72 Iss 10

a * FE H EK IRO ‘ToeAGE aeons UBldeIqry A Review of the Hardware, Iron, Machinery auu sacca: Trades. Published every Thursday Morning by David Williams Co., 232-238 William St., New York. — . 72: No. 10. New York, Thursday, September 3, 190}. tan J? Single Copies, 15 Cents. Reading Matter Cantents........ page 52 Alphabetical Index to Advertisers ‘‘ 237 Classified List of Advertisers.... ‘‘ 229 Advertising and Subscription Rates ‘‘ 236 CABLEGRAM To PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT, Oyster Bay. American Rifles, Ammunition and Men won victory to-day over Great Britain, Canada, France, Norway, Australia and Natal, and bring back Palma trophy. (Signed) LIEUT. ALBERT S. JONES, Secretary of the National Rifle Association of America. Copied from N. ¥. HERALD. Dynamo ‘=. en Mo. _ a New York. This sweeping victory for America, and the extraordinary score of 1,570 out of a possible 1,800 were made with 30-40 regular factory Cartridges, manufactured by the UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE COMPANY selected after exhaustive trials, by the entira American Team in preference to all others, for the'r wonderful uniformity and extreme accuracy. IRON 4 AND Scores are improved by using U. M. C. ammunition. Souvenir Cartridges (without powder) on application, THE BRISTOL COMPANY, THE UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO. Waterbury, Conn. 313 Broadway, - New York City Bristol’s Recording Factory: BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Depot: 86 First St., SAN FRANCISCO. GAL. Instruments. . 7 ' For Pressure Temperature and Electricity. Silver Medal, Paris Exposition. — i liinGhimestinanitincmiiedd aan Sr con = AH Al | = () LE RS Sue Page 160. Page 160. Also M husetts pemmaerseas tase SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS, Boston, Mass. TU ae REGULAR PATTER®. i CAPEWELL HORSE NAILS Branch Office, 11 — new York. NEW YORK, Branches : PORTLAND, ORE., Cleveland i City Forge and Iron Co. ee 2 Cleveland, 0. PHILADELPHIA, BUFFALO, rH CHICAGO DETROIT, BALTIMORE, Te BUvUCEIUES. ST, LOUIS, CINCINNATI, NEW ORLEANS, BOSTON, . SAN FRANCISCO, DENVER. MERRILL BROS., ETT ied 10510171 Kent ave. Brooklyn, E.D., N.Y, Low Phosphorus Pig. Girard Building, Phila. PIL Purasrs’ Bank, Pittsb’g yt ee Bldg. New \ ork THE CAPEWELL HORSE NAIL COMPANY HARTFORD, CONN. PLATE PATTER NY¥SaLilvd OBLYVONUYNOSD REGULAR PATTERS. ard of Trade, Boston wee Jenkins "96 Packing 4 ae eae NONE BETTER, as it makes joint instantly and will : 5 aemiremeee last as long as the metals which hold it. SHEET STEEL aa 6 y NONE CHEAPER, as it weighs less than many eee “it others sold at equal price per pound. Remember, all genuine stamped with Trade-Mark. We make forty different sorts, : . __ SERKING -BR0S: BROS., New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, London. ’m Apollo galvanized iron to stile Poishes, Woo | CwpBAgh” GOL Rolled Steel it, Drawing a stamping anished and Cambridge lath. THE AMERICAN TUBE & STAMPING COMPANY SEE Ouick service (Water and Rail Delivery) BRIDGEPORT, CONN rAGE @ MAGNOLIA METAL. Best Anti-Friction Metal for all Machinery Bearings. FPac-Simile of Bar. Beware of Imitations. ~ MAGNOLIA METAL CO.. San Francisco, New Orieans, Montreal, Boston, Owners and Sole Manufacturers, 511-513 West !3th St., Pittsburg and Philade -Iphia. We manufacture al! Chicago, Fisher Bldg. NEW YORK, grades of Babbitt Metals at competitive prices. Keturn-a whole sheet for an ch of fault. American Sheet Steel Company Battery Park New York 2 THE IRON AGE. THE ANSONIA BRass BRASS AND COPPER |(‘()PPER | | in Seamless Tubes, Sheets, Rods and W're. a GERMAN | ste ROD GOLE MANUFACTURERS Tobin Bronze (TRADE-MaRK REGISTERED.) Condenser Plates,Pump Linings, Round, Square and Hexagon Bars, for Pump Piston Rods and Bolt Forgings. Seamiess Tubes for Boilers and Condensers. TUBING. BRAZED BRASS AND ° ° New York. 99 John Street, ; Randolph-Clowes Co., Main Office and Mill, WATERBURY, CONN. WATERBURY BRASS (0., WATERBURY, CONN. MANUFACTURERS OF 130 Centre St., New York. Providence, R. I. SHEET BRASS & COPPER, §| = 7 BRIDGEPORT DEOXIDIZED BRONZE BRAZED oy & COPPER AND METAL COMPANY, BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Largest Jo boing ne we yundry in w Engla LARGE CASTINGS h SPECIALTY. Bronze, Brass, Alumivuum and Babbitt Metals, SEAMLESS BRASS & COPPER TUBES TO 36 IN. DIAM. New York Office, 253 Broadway, Postal Satria Telegraph Bidg., Room 718. ¢ BOVUUN No order too large for us to handle, one too small to receixe our car ful attentio Chicago Office, 602 Fisher Bldg, Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., LA SALLE, ILLINOIS. SMELTERS OF SPELTER AND MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC ACID. Special Sizes of Zinc cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates. Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lithographers’ use. Selected Sheets for Paper and Card Makers’ use. Stove and Washboard Blanks. ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. USN RUG Rea t Sc 8:74 West Monroe St., Chicago. Best Bronze, Babbitt Metals’ Brassand Aluminum CAST!NGS “Bass AND IRON les RS, IN STOCK WITH CUT OR CAST TEETH, | Founders, Finishers, |W. G. ROWELL & CO., BRIDGEPORT, CONN HENDRICKS BROTHERS PROPRIETURS OF THE Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, MANUFACTURERS OF Brazicrs’ Bolt and Sheathing COPPER, COPPER WIRE AND RIVETS. Importers and Dealers in Ingot Copper, Block Tin, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, etc. 49 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK. T. F. WELCH MFG. CO., 68 SUDBURY STREET, | BRASS, BRONZE and ALUMINUM CASTINGS. | ‘SHEET | THE PL PLUME & ArwooD MFG. | sp” COPPER CO. B R A S 5 ‘a pe ges Sheet and Roll Brass —AND— WIR EG PRINTERS’ BRASS, JEWELERS’ METAL, G! SILVER AND GILDING METAL, COPPER | AND BURRS. | Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Ker» SILVER | WIRE | LOW BRASS. SHEET BRONZE. SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER’ sene Burners, Lamps, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 39 MURRAY ST., NEW YORE. 144 HIGH ST., BOSTON. 199 LAKE ST., CHICAGO. ROLLING MILL : FACTORIES : THOMASTON, CONN. | WATERBURY, CONN, SCOVILL MFG. CO., Manufacturers of BRASS, CERMAN SILVER Sheets, Rolis, Wire Rods, Bolts and Tubes, Brass Shells, Cups, Hinges, Buttons, Lamp Coods. SPECIAL BRASS GOUDS TO ORDER Factories, es CONN. NEW YORK, ” CHICAGO, BOSTON. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, AGENTS FOR Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co. DEALERS IN COPPER, TIN, SPELTER, LEAD, ANTIMONY. 100 John Street, - New York. Arthur T. Rutter SUCCESSOR TO WILLIAM S. FEARING 256 Broadway, NEW YORK. Small tubing in Brass, Copper Steel, Aluminum, German Silve! &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and Ger man Silver. Copper, Brass aw German Silver Wire. Brazed ana Seamless Brass and Copper Tubé¢ Copper and Brass Rod. “PHONO -ELECTRIC” WIRE. “IT’S TOUGH TROLLEY TELEPHONE and TELEGRAPH LINES. ovis, BRIDGEPORT BRASS £0. Conn. 19 Murray St., New No better mau R. A. HAR® BATTLE CREEK, a) HB IRON AGE THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 1908 The Mietz & Weiss Marine Oil Engine. The favorable reception of the stationary Mietz & eiss kerosene engine and the numerous inquiries for a irine engine of the same type have led the makers to sign the vertical engine shown in the accompanying iif-tone. The general construction follows that of their orizontal pattern, which is of the two-cycle type, hav- rC, ¢ an impulse at every turn of the crank shaft. The oil np is operated by a centrifugal governor, specially de N. ened to avoid any irregular action due to the rocking It consists of a centrally ful thrice for every oe or volling of the boat. ‘med weight rotating once, twice or ork. > / «sil | 7 joe Y : a A oa a ae ; _ : J te = ale a Ri. per vel 7é2 ane ana ube: _ THE MIETZ & anh) irn of the crank shaft for single, double and triple cyl der engines respectively. It imparts motion to a sin e pump plunger for every turn of its shaft, and meas res an exact and perfectly even supply of oii for each . vlinder, but variable for varying loads. The oil is va- NE orized in the cylinder, and mixed with the air current ming from the crank case while the piston is at its wer dead center, and compressed at the next counter- PH troke to about one-quarter of its volume. The ignition ikes place at the moment the piston arrives at the inner ead center, and by a correctly designed igniter head Hi] ever fails at any speed. This together with the posi- " v ve oil supply by the force pump accounts for the pre- me se and régular rise of explosion pressure shown in the idicator cards of these engines at various loads and i weeds. Wy The reversing friction clutch is shown in section in ig. 2. It is entirely inclosed in a water tight drum, in WEISS which There are two angle of 17 degrees to The friction wheel is keyed to the propeller is keyed to the engine shaft A. beveled frictional faces, K, at an the shaft. shaft B, and can be brought iuto contact with the fric- tional surface of the drum direct for going forward, or into engagement with the-bevel surface of the reversing gear by the laterial movement of the propeller shaft by means of the lever C. The reverse motion is transmitted by the frictions I and F, through the bevel gears G H J. These gears are carried by a bronze sleeve with three The sleeve projects beyond the drum, where it is keyed to a stop arm, which prevents its rotating, but al- lows a slight lateral movement for the purpose explained arms, MARINE OTL ENGINE above. It will be seen that the propeller when running in the direction with the engine forces its friction wheel directly into the bevel of the drum, and when rotating counter to the pulls its friction wheel back against the gear friction bevel, and through the pinion and its opposite gear against the friction bevel of the drum at the other end, thus creating a friction in propor- Neglecting the skin water friction of the propeller, the latter is directing the entire force devel- engine tion to its power. oped by the engine against the friction in whatever direc- the hand lever; in other words, the greater the power of the engine the greater the friction of the clutch to drive the propeller. A remarkable feature about this arrangement lies in the easy disengagement of the friction wheel by a slight movement of the hand lever at the full speed of the engine. The reacting fea- ture of this reversing clutch makes it possible to use very small sizes for very large engines. The clutch shown in tion it is moved by 2 THE IRON AGE. cut has a friction capacity suitable for a 15 horse-power engine. These engines are built by August Mietz, 128 Mott street, New York. i Production of Nickel in 1902. WASHINGTON, D. C., September 1, 1903.—The annual report of the United States Geological Survey on the pro- duction in 1902 of nickel and cobalt, which are treated together, by J. H. Pratt, contains interesting details with regard to the prospecting and development work on de- posits in the United States and Canada. The only nickel ores produced on a commercial scale in the United States during the year were as by-products from ores obtained from Mine La Motte, Missouri. The 20 tons of matte containing nickel and cobalt which were refined at the works of the Mine Ga Motte Lead & Smelt- ing Company, yielded 5748 pounds of metallic nickel and 3730 pounds of cobalt oxide. This is a decrease of 952 pounds in the production of nickel and of 9630 of cobalt oxide, as compared with 6700 pounds of nickel and 13,- 360 pounds of cobalt oxide produced in 1901. The quan- September 3, 1: The total imports into the United States of ni oxide, alloy of nickel with copper and nickel matte 4 ing the calendar year 1902 amounted to 33,942,710 poun valued at $1,437,649,as compared with 117,364,337 poun valued at $1,849,620 in 1901. The figures for 1902 inclu besides, nickel ore and nickel matte, 752,630 pou valued at $251,149, of nickel, nickel oxide and alloys which nickel is the chief constituent of value; and $3 128, the value of manufactures of nickel not specially p vided for. Although the importation of nickel in various fo: in 1902 was over 83,000,000 pounds less than in 1901, | decrease in value of the imports was only $411,971. T! decrease in quantity can readily be accounted for by t higher grade of matte shipped from the smelters and | the importation of a smaller amount of ore. This w also account for the proportionately small decrease values. Recently Discovered Deposits. Considerable attention has been attracted during tly past year to an occurrence of nickel in Idaho. The «: posits are on Meadow Creek, Blackbird District, Lemhi Fiy. 2.—Section through Reversing Gear. TIE MIETZ & WEISS MARINE OIL ENGINE. tity and value of nickel obtained from domestic ores dur- ing the past five years is given as follows: 1898, 11,195 pounds, value, $3956; 1899, 22,541 pounds, value, $8566; 1900, 9715 pounds, value, $3886 ; 1901, 6700 pounds, value, $3551; 1902, 5748 pounds, value, $2701. Canadian Production. As most of the nickel used in the United States is ob- tained from Canada, the following table is given to show the amount of nickel ore mined and smelted in Canada and the amount of matte obtained from it for the years 1896 to 1902, inclusive: Ore Ore Matte Nickel produced. smelted. obtained. in matte. Year. Long tons. Longtons. Long tons. Pounds. SR K..nbics wen 109,097 73,505 9,733 3,897,000 Beets. i's stn eee 96,093 14,0384 3,998,000 ee 123,920 121,924 21,101 5,567,000 a ee 203,118 171,230 19,215 ‘5,744,000 BGO nn 5 oe va nese 211,960 23,448 7,080,000 RG Sac cee oe 326,945 270,380 45,134 8,882,000 ee ee . 269,538 233,338 24,691 10,693,410 The Canadian Copper Company of the International Nickel Company are entirely remodeling their plant at Copper Cliff, Ontario, Canada, at a cost of about $500,000. When finished it will be the most complete and best equipped plant of its kind in the world. It will produce a high grade matte, which will be refined in the United States. 4 County, but on account of their distance from railroi:! transportation they are being but little developed. William Beddig of Nampa, Idaho, who has been pro- pecting in the nickel fields of Idaho, has located what | considers promising deposits, and during 1902 he too out about 12 tons of ore, a part of which was shipped fo experimental purposes. The North Carolina cobalt deposits near Webste! Jackson County, have been worked during the last year and several carloads of ore were shipped for experiment: purposes. Practically no work was done in 1902 on the deposi' of nickel and cobalt in Oregon, Washington, Wyoming Nevada and Arizona, beyond the necessary assessmel)' work. In most cases the deposits are too remote fro! railroad transportation to make them available at th: present time. At the Mohawk mine, in the Lake Superior cop district, Michigan, an arsenide of copper, nickel and « balt has been found in some quantity, and it is said | have been treated successfully by the company at the! smelter at Hackensack Meadows, N. J. The world’s production of metallic nickel in 1901, tl latest year for which figures are available, is given |) the Survey as 16,505,636 pounds, valued at $7,331,723, di vided as follows: Canada, 8,882,000 pounds, value, $4,707 460; France, 3,967,200 pounds, value, $1,440,000; Ger many, 3,656,436 pounds, value, $1,184,236. W.+i.. C. ptember 3, 1903 THE IRON AGE. Cold Rolled Steel.” BY J. J. CRANE. Che paper I have prepared for this evening may seem some of little importance for a gathering of engineers. 1 example, let us take watch spring as it is received om the hot mill. This should be as thin as possible, it it does not seem practicable to have it rolled under U58, or No. 17 gauge, in lengths of 35 to 40 feet. This steel should not have been more than 0.002 variation from cen- r to edge of a strip 3% inches wide of high carbon steel. Watch spring is very hard and springy when received ‘om the hot mill and must be annealed before rolling. \fter annealing, it is placed in a vat of sulphuric acid » remove the scale or oxide; then to bosh or tub of boil- ng water with lime or sal soda to remove any acid on the steel from pickling. It is now ready for the rolls for the first roughening. (hese rolls are of chilled iron or forged steel 9 inches in diameter, 14-inch face, turned in the lathe as near the diameter as possible, then placed in the grinding ma- chine, which gives 1 high polish. Great care must be taken in grinding not to force the wheel and allow t to run until it clears the roll, which takes from five to six hours for each roll. This steel is passed through the rolls four times and reduced from No. 17 gauge to 0.045, provided it does not vary too much from center to edge. If it does, you must reduce the variation in the first rolling to make it a sue- cess. If this variation is not reduced, it will cause the strip to split through the center or crack on the edges. (bis may be overcome by shaping the rolls, which is done by using a stick and fine emery. Much time is required scouring and shaping. After the first rolling, the steel is annealed for the second time. then returned to the rolls. This rolling re- duces it to 0.025. It is annealed for the third time, then rolled again. This reduces it to 0.010. Annealed for the last time and finished 0.006, this leaves the steel soft enough to form the springs. The rolling hardens the steel, which makes it necessary to anneal it so often. It is then carefully inspected and gauged, for not more than 1-2000 from center to edge of strip is allowed, then taken to the slititng machine and both edges trimmed. Shoe shank, hack saw blade, clock spring and corset steels are put through the same process. For Stamping, Drawing and Nickel Plating. Soft open hearth basic or Bessemer steel is used. This is ordered different gauges according to the size to be finished in cold mill. This steel is received in coils 65 to 75 feet long and 2 to 6 inches wide. The rolling of this grade of steel does not require the labor and expense connected with watch spring. The majority of it is soft enough for rolling when received. It may be reduced two or three or four gauges, according to the size required. Some coils will measure 700 to 800 feet when finished. [t is then inspected, annealed, tested and ready for ship- ment. The test given to dead soft steel is the bending. [t must bend over on itself with the grain and across the zrain and show no fracture. I will enumerate some of the articles this steel is used for: Keys, locks, trouser buttons, sewing machine parts, suspender buckles, door knobs, skate plates, hinges, tub- ng, rims for cycles and automobiles, also many other irticles too numerous to mention. Cold rolled steel is more accurate to gauge, free from ‘xide, soft and ductile, and by far superior to hot rolled steel for drawing and stamping. We also have what we call half hard. This is reduced to within 0.004 or 0.005 of finished size, then annealed ind rerolled, inspected and tested to bend to angle 45 legrees with the grain. The steel for nickel plating is reduced about four gauges, and the roller must be very areful that his rolls are in good condition, for any sand oles or flaws in the rolls will leave the impression on the teel. There is considerable trouble with seams in this grade ‘f steel, and I have known as high as 50 per cent. to be * Paper read before Engineers’ Society of Western Pennsy! ania, May, 1903. P thrown in scrap. This is no fault of the cold rolling. These seams are in the steel when received, and cold roll- ing exposes them very plainly and renders it unfit for nickel plating. Key steel does not require any annealing and is re- duced about two or three gauges. This leaves it soft enough to punch and with a fairly good surface. This is then cut into 6-foot strips and shipped. Pickling. A few words in regard to pickling. This is the placing of steel in a bath of diluted acid to remove the scale. It is necessary in the operation of cold rolling steel, and it may be hastened by having the acid hot. The steel should not be left in the acid any longer than is necessary to re- move the scale. If left in the acid too long it becomes worthless and rotten. -The writer thinks that the only way to remove the acid is by placing it in a furnace and baking. The temperature of this furnace should be from 400 to 500 degrees F. This does not discolor the surface. In pickling thin strips care must be taken not to have the acid too hot, or in many cases it will blister the steel. Some of the orders call for a lime finish. This is done by placing the steel in diluted acid; when removed it is placed in a vat of boiling water and from this vat to the lime vat, then dried thoroughly in a furnace to prevent it from rusting, and shipped with the lime on. This coat- ing of lime makes it easy on dies for stamping and draw- ing. Annealing. Great care must be taken with the annealing of cold rolled steel. In order to make it a success the furnace must be well adapted, with a fire box in the side, the flame passing out over the bridge wall. It should always hang to the top, passing down the other side through the checker work and down under the bottom into chim- ney flue on opposite side into the stack. All cold rolled steel is annealed in round or square boxes, the round for coils and the square for strips. In packing the steel in the boxes a space of about 1 inch is allowed for cast iron turnings, which are placed all around the steel. This prevents the air coming in contact with the steel. It is then placed in the furnace. The time required for an- nealing depends on the amount and grade of steel. A pan of 8000 or 10,000 pounds of basic open hearth would take from eight to ten hours, and drawn out when the required temperature is reached. As soon as the heat is drawn out of the furnace a gas pipe %-inch diameter is inserted in the lid. The gas is now turned on and forces any air that comes in contact with the steel while cooling. There is not a great quantity of gas consumed in this operation because the expanding gas in pans makes a back pressure. Steel annealed in this manner will be bright and ductile when removed from the pans—show no oxidation. This is a brief outline of the general work- ing of cold rolled steel. SSeS ee Iron Trust in Austria.—A report to the Department of Commerce and Industry by Ethelbert Watts, consul at Prague, says: At the close of the year 1902 the iron in- dustry was in a materially changed condition as com- pared with the year 1901. The attempt made in 1901 to put the home market on a sounder footing had failed, and reckless competition of the disorganized industry depressed values to such a low level that most establish- ments must have worked at a loss. Since then the posi- tion of this industry has undergone a complete change. The bitter struggle of competition led eventually to a renewed coalition of the iron works in Austria, and an iron trust has been formed, to continue for a period of ten years, which, though it may not be free from fault, is considered unique with regard to the completeness of its organization, being based upon much broader lines than the previous iron syndicate. ‘Schenck tneaiilalist cctphesaaiiel An Australian press dispatch dated at Sydney, N. S. W., August 28, states that the Government has decided to call for tenders from manufacturers at home and abroad for the manufacture locally of from 60 to 100 rail- road locomotives, estimated to cost $1,250,000. Four or five years will be allowed for the completion of the work. 3 —— * nea 4 THE IRON AGE. Iron and Steel in Scotland. GLascow, August 20, 1903.—There is not much indus- trial movement in Scotland to record at this time. Our great staple, shipbuilding, is quieter, rather than more active, and the new contracts reported are of small im- portance compared with the size of the industry. Then the wages question has once more become a disturbing feature. A recent conference between the marine en- gineer employers and the officials of the A. S. E. did not result in a settlement, and what promises to be a long controversy has begun, the end of which no man can fore- see. The tron Market. Since last letter the pig iron market has been easier, with a small business done, showing a depreciation in Cleveland warrants, there being practically no dealings in either Scotch or hematite. In the face of the severe slump in the stock markets both in New York and here, speculative interest in iron became dormant. The fall in the price of American pig iron had also a depressing effect, but on later advices our market has again im- proved, and buying on London: account has occurred. Business with home consumers continues fairly active, a large quantity of iron being melted in all departments of the trade, while there has been fresh buying on the part of local steel works. The Board of Trade returns show that the exports of pig iron last month amounted to 91,262 tons, as against 112,911 tons for the correspond- ing month of last year. America took only 19,484 tons, in contrast with 59,442 tons a year ago, but to Italy and other countries increased quantities were shipped. The following are current quotations for various Scotch brands: - s. d. Comet Fe Biss cscass 72 a le eee 66 0 Gartsherrie No. 1...... 62 6 co ie” ae A eer 67 O Summerlee No. 1....... 67 6 See TG, Be lacécda vies 62 0 ee a 62 0 Carnbroe No. 1........ 56 0 Lepmiesm Me. 1... ss s.02s 70 6 Monkland No. 1....... 5503 SE BON Bas + as saan 56 6 Glengarnock No. 1..... 61 6 Dalmellington No. 1....56 0 In the Middlesbrough market there is a steady feeling, as makers of Cleveland qualities are fully sold for some time and are frequently not able to deliver their quan- tities freely. There is, however, a weakening of tone for the time by the less favorable American position, and Cleveland warrants have receded in consequence. Hold- ers of warrants do not appear to be so well assured. The hematite trade, though weaker as regards price, has been more active than for some time, makers having been ready to take less money. No. 3 has advanced under the improved warrant conditions to 46 shillings 9 pence; No. 4 foundry is 46 shillings 6 pence; No. 4 forge, 45 shillings 3 pence; No. 1, 48 shillings 3 pence; mottled iron, 44 shillings 9 pence; white do., 44 shillings 8 pence. The steel and manufactured iron branches show but little change on the week. Demand has been rather quiet. Middlesbrough prices are: Steel ship plates, £5 12s. 6d.; angles, do., £5 10s.; iron ship plates, £6 10s. ; iron angles, £6 5s.; common iron bars, £6 10s.; best bars, £7, all less 2% per cent.; steel rails, £5 5s., net. In other districts the improvement which was an- ticipated has not taken place, nor is there any prospect of early change. Both the home and shipping trade is quiet. There are no further developments in the tin plate trade. Orders for plates are coming in to Wales more freely, and in some cases there has been an advance of 1% pence per box. Shipments at present are below receipts from works, and stocks have been increased to 159,000 boxes. Newport imported last month over 21,000 tons of steel and iron bars, billets and ingots from Ger- many and Belgium, as against 5160 tons in the corre- sponding period last year. These imports have had a weakening effect on Welsh bars, though the superior quality of the latter enables makers to get £4 12s. 64d. per ton. <== At a recent meeting of the Zanesville, Ohio, bond- holders of the Eastern Tube Company, of that place, it was decided to act as a unit for all further proceedings connected with the present receivership. A resolution September 3, 1! was adopted requesting the owners of the mortgag: the plant, the North American Trust Company of N York, to take such steps as may be necessary to br about a prompt foreclosure. or The American Locomotive Company. The second annual report of the board of direct: of the American Locomotive Company, covering the op: tions of the company for the fiscal year ended June : 1903, has been submitted to the stockholders by Presid: S. R. Callaway. The report says. The gross earnings were $33,105,724.84, an increase $6,707,831.32, or 25.4 per cent. over those of the per for the twelve and a half months ended June 30, 1902, ; shown in the last report. The expenses were $28,05: 314.90, an increase of $4,761,098, or 20.4 per cent. ov those of the preceding fiscal period. They included, 1 only the first cost of raw material, the direct expense manufacture, the maintenance and betterment of pro erty, the local and general administrative and incident disbursements, taxes, &c., but also 20 per cent. written of from the book value of patterns and drawings and charge of $484,369.64, representing positive additions the company’s property. Out of the resulting net earnings the required annu: dividend of 7 per cent. on the preferred stock has be: paid, amounting to $1,750,000, and leaving a surplus ot $3,055,253.15 to be carried to the credit of “ profit and loss” account. The increase in the company’s gross earnings is at tributable to a much larger product rather than to highe: proportionate prices. The officers have conscientious]; avoided any advance in the selling price of engines other than such as became absolutely necessary in order meet the higher cost of labor and of raw material. In order to take advantage of the exceptional and widespread demands for new locomotives during the past two years extensive purchases of land have been made capacious new shops of the most modern design have bee: erected and equipped with the latest and most efficient machinery and tools. Old shops have been remodeled and re-equipped, with the result that the manufacturing ca pacity of the company has increased fully 50 per cent over that of the constituent plants at the time of thei: consolidation into the American Locomotive Compan) It is expected that the improvements authorized by the Board of Directors will be completed during the fisca! year now opening. During the past fiscal year the sum of $1,627,301.S4 has been expended for additions to the company’s prop erty, as indicated above, which, together with the sum of $1,629,227.90 announced in the report of, the previous fiscal year, makes an aggregate expenditure of $3,25¢ 529.74 thus far, all of which will be paid for out of the current income. The profit of the increased output, which was alo. made possible through these additions, has yielded th: company a highly satisfactory return on its investmen' All this has been accomplished without increasing th: capital account. The company now carries on its books binding co! tracts for a large number of locomotives for delivery a> late as the summer of 1904, all of which it is confident 0! being able to deliver in strict accordance with its pron ises. Following is a summary of operations of the fisc: year ended June 30, 1903, as compared with those of th: twelve and one-half months ended June 30, 1902: 1902-03. 1901-02. Inereas Gross earnings........ . $33,105,724 $26,398,393 $6,707,3: Manufacturing, mainte nance and administra tive expenses..........$28.052,314 $23,291,216 $4,761,05 eOe WRUENEEED sc heccees $5,053,400 $3,107,176 $1,946,2 Interest on bonds of con stituent companies, bills DATOS, Bl..o.0 000.000 248,156 105,864 142,2! Protit available for divi- er ere $4,805,253 $3,001,312 $1,803,94 Dividend on oid stock, at 7 WeriGUNR sos A iS. cent 1,750,000 1,750,000 = .....- Survlus ee oeeese $3,055,253 $1,251,312 $1,803,94 as September 3, 1903 THE IRON AGE. 5 Method for Comparative Valuation of Ferro- silicons. BY GEORGE T. DOUGHERTY, CHICAGO. To develop a method for analyzing or comparing the values of ferrosilicons at market prices, I select stand- ard Bessemer pig iron as a basis of simple iron value. Bessemer pig is thus taken rather than low phosphorus pig, because the latter commands several dollars more per ton, and ferrosilicons as procured in the market carry the usual Bessemer limits of sulphur and phos- phorus, which will not raise the final analysis of the re- sultant steel by more than a few thousandths of 1 per cent. Scale of Prices in August, 1903. Per - gross ton. Bessemer pig of 0.080 per cent. phosphorus. eee Bar ee COs NERO 6 dik Risidldceede ben cicesealsas cone aoe 25 per cent. ferrosilicon... ...... eee Pee ioe eee 50 per cent. ferrosilicon..... awed ste utaaates cic ce ee 1S per eeut. ferregilicom... ....cccsccuses die avauweah Seat ice 235.00 Bessemer pig contains about 94.50 per cent. of avail- able iron, while 12 per cent. ferrosilicon contains 86.50 per cent. of iron. Working out the proportion, 94.50 86.50 :: $21 : 7 $19.20, which price 12 per cent. ferro- silicon is worth if based solely on iron contents. But aus it sells for $30, then $30 $19.20 $10.80, the extra price for silicon contents. Multiplying 2240 by 0.12 gives 268.80 pounds of silicon in 1 gross ton, which, divided into $10.80, gives 0.040, $ cents, the value of 1 pound of silicon in 12 per cent. ferrosilicon. By the same rationale of figuring as above on 25, 50 and 75 per cent. ferrosilicon, as well as on 12 per cent. we ascertain the cost of 1 pound of silicon in Cents 12 per cent. ferrosilicon to be.... ; sae valde 25 per cent. ferrosilicon to be..... . 97-10 50 per cent. ferrosilicon to be....... ; .10 1-10 75 per cent. ferrosilicon to be......... ‘ ...13 7-10 Carborundum, an iron-free material, manufactured at Niagara Falls, sells at 4 to 5 cents per pound, but as it is 65 per cent. silicon, 1 pound of silicon from this mate- rial will cost 6 cents or more. But, again, in practice, about one-half of it is not utilized or is gone to waste; therefore it wil! take about 2 pounds of silicon from this source (total cost 12 cents) to do the work that 1 pound of silicon from 12 per cent. ferrosilicon (cost 4 cents) will do. Aluminum, which is very frequently used to replace or supplement silicon in steel founding, is quoted in the imarket at 34 cents per pound. Vanadium, a compara tively little known metal, is a most powerful deoxidizer. but at last accounts it commands $3.40 per pound, which is a prohibitive figure for the steel metallurgist, except possibly in the case of armor plate or other products which can stand fancy prices. The Youngstown Machinists’ Agreement. In The Iron Age of last week mention was made of the fact that the machinists in the Youngstown, Ohio, district made a settlement with their employers on August 25, receiving an advance of 5 per cent. in wages. The agreement, which was entered into by a committee rep resenting the Lloyd Booth Company department of the United Engineering & Foundry Company, the William ‘od Company, and a committee representing the Inter iational Association of Machinists, provides: That double time shall be paid for Sundays, Fourth of July, abor Day, Thanksgiving Day, Decoration Day and Christmas nly. That machinists working on night shift shall receive time nd one-quarter for al! time worked in excess of nine hours. That any difficulties or disputes that may arise in the shops f the parties interested shall upon the request of either party e taken up by the committees representing the parties, each of vhich shall consist of three members. The decision of a major y vote of this Joint Committee of Arbitration shall be binding ‘ending such decision there shall be no cessation of work by trike or lockout, at the instance of either party to the dispute That for one year from August 17, 1903, an advance of 5 ‘rr cent. shail be paid to each journeyman machinist now in ie employ of the parties represented in this agreement. This to affect a:l machinists down to apprentices. That the agreement shall remain in force until August 17, 1904, and thereafter unless either committee gives 60 days’ no- tice to the other that they wish to withdraw or amend it. with the following exceptions: That the clause relating to the 5 per cent. advance shall remain in force until four months from August 17 and thereafter unless the Lloyd Booth Company department of the United Engineering & Foundry Company and the William Tod Company give notice that they wish to amend this clause. oa The Rock River Punch and Shear. The Rock River Machine Company of Janesville, Wis., are building the combined punch and shear here illustrated in three sizes—Nos. 10%, 12 and 17. The No. 12 will punch a %-inch hole in “%-inch iron and shear 5% x 5 inch in the front jaw, anu *% x 7 inch flat iron or steel in the lever shears. The machine is so designed that if called upon to do work beyond its capacity it will stall, and thus obviate all danger of breakage. It is equipped with a clutch of the two-pin type, which acts rapidly and is noiseless and reliable in operation. The No. 12 THE ROCK RIVER PUNCH AND SHEAR has a 12-inch depth of throat and can be fitted with archi- tectural, stake punching and plate and angle shearing attachments. sama The R. D. Nuttall Company.--The Rk. D. Nuttall Com- pany, Pittsburgh, manufacturers of cut or planed special gears of every description, and gears, pinions and trolleys for electric railway, mine and industrial haulage motors, have found it necessary in the past two years to expend a large sum of money for new machinery to enable them properly to take care of their rapidly growing business in cut gears. They again find it necessary to add 23 of the latest type of gear cutting machines, as well as addi tional worm gear machinery, mills, lathes and other equipment. In regard to the new gear cutting machinery, it is believed this is the largest single order for this type of machines ever placed. The R. D. Nuttall Company have also made a corresponding increase in the capacity of their power plant. When all of the new machinery is in place the claim made by this company of owning and operating the largest and most complete gear cutting plant in the world will be further substantiated. Their large shops at Fayette and Garrison streets, Pittsburgh, have been operated to full capacity for many months, and they have at the present time a very large number of orders on their books. 6 THE IRON AGE. Andrew Carnegie’s Presidential Ad- dress,* It is 29 years since the Institute held its autumn meet- ing at Barrow. I have recently looked over the proceed- ings of that notable meeting. These seem to carry us back almost to the very beginning of cheap Bessemer steel manufacture in America, in which as usual Britain was the pioneer and taught the younger Republic. It was at that meeting your fellow member and Bessemer medalist, Alexander Lyman Holley, then our engineer from the Carnegie Steel Works, read the two papers which first brought to your attention the doings of your American brethren in developing the Bessemer process you had given tbein. There are several here to-day who were then present. Such was the impression made upon the meeting that after the discussion, in proposing a vote of thanks, our Nestor, Sir Lowthian Bell, as president, said: “ There was no doubt that in America they were doing great things in the manufacture of Bessemer steel, and their friends on the other side of the Atlantic were not averse to telling them what they did, and not only what they did, but how they did it. He thought, under the circum- stances, if any member of that Institute was entitled to the thanks of the meeting it was the gentleman who had just read the last two papers.” The effect of these papers, as you know, is a matter of history. Josiah T. Smith of Barrow, one of the greatest of your managers, and subsequently president of the In- stitute, characteristically said that Mr. Holley would find that, as far as Barrow was concerned, “ They would try and do as well, in regard to quantity, as the United States,” which struck the right note. There spoke the true Briton, who has done according to his means more than any other, the American not excepted. The record of the great little mother of nations is not equaled by any of her children, although her oldest and biggest seems to inherit his mother’s indomitable spirit and the ability to work miracles. In all matters of iron and steel, however, the child has been borne upon the shoulders of the parent. If the Atlantic Ocean had been prairie land. there would have been little left in the world but the con- quering old lady and her family, all under one roof, under one flag of a self sustaining Empire under free trade with probably 200,000,000 of our English speaking race, and a home market so big as to give control of neutral markets. No question of protection or preferential tariffs then to disturb us; besides all this we should have been able to enforce peace among nations. Gentlemen, unfortunately an ocean exists where we should have preferred prairies, but it is traversed in about the same time as the 3000 miles of land between Montreal or New York on the Atlantic and San Francisco and Victoria on the Pacific. Who so bold as to predict that never is our race to succeed in converting the ocean, hitherto a barrier to your extension, into the pathway to reunion of the two once united branches? Not I! My faith is unshakable that some day this will be accom- plished, and that instead of being two small islands here alien to the European Continent you will look across the sea to your own children in Canada and the United States, and become once more the mother member of the dominant power of the world. It would have been a case of Britain versus all the rest of the world, the world kick- ing the beam. Mr. Whitwell participated in the discussion, and asked Mr. Holley to give his opinion on the “from one- half to three-quarters more product which could be got from the converter in America than we were getting in England,” which Mr. Holley answered after reading his second paper. It was chiefly owing to his own invention of bottoms in reserve and removable appliances. There was also at this historical meeting a report, a remarkable production, submitted by David Forbes, for- eign secretary to the Institute, upon the progress of iron and steel industries in foreign countries. I naturally turned to see what he had to say about the United States. * Delivered before the Iron and Stee! Institute, Barrow-in- Furness, September 1, 1903. September 3 1903 Several pages are given to the Pittsburgh district, and what is there recorded carries me back to the days of youth apparently. In 1873 the Pennsylvania Steel Com- pany made 20,000 tons of steel rails. They make that umount in two weeks now. Bethlehem Iron Works were elgaged in raising a loan of the enormous amount of £20,- YOU for the extension of theirs works, a paltry $100,000. Five millions would be comparatively less to-day. The great Cambria Lron Works in Western Pennsylvania, near Pittsburgh, were credited with having made no less than 10274 tons of ingots in the week ending September 26, the largest quantity ever made in a week—a day’s work nowadays. Two new blast furnaces were being built in Ohio, the capital of the company being all Scotch, and it was proposed to call the iron Scotch-American pig. This isn’t a bad brand—either of men or iron. It is noted that the total production of pig iron in the United States in 1872 was 2,897,000 net tons, and in 1873 just about the same; to-day it is approaching 20,000,000 tons per an- num. The product of steel, nearly 15,000,000 tons, is greater than the rest of the world. The progress of Germany and Britain has also been great. Britain made 643,000 tons of steel in 1874, and last year 1,826,000 tons. Germany made 362,000 tons in 1874, last year 6,394,000. In 1874 Britain made 6,054.- 000 tons of pig iron, Germany 1,906,000 tons. Last year they made 8,518,000 and 8,403,000 tons, respectively. In 1874 the world was producing nearly 14,000,000 tons of pig iron and 280,000,000 tons of coal. Now there is being produced 41,000,000 tons of pig iron and 780.000,000 tons of coal. Another item—Mr. Forbes is informed that for the last seven months natural gas had been utilized in Pitts- burgh in one of the mills. The largest output for a fur- nace then known was during the week ending September 7, 1874—702\% tons, 100 tons per day. When our Lucy Furnace made 100 tons in one day the world thought the limit was surely reached. Two new Carnegie furnaces have recently averaged 650 tons each per day for months at a time. Records are given of various enterprises which prom- ised brilliant results, but which are already things of the past. Perhaps the most noticeable point of all is that not the slightest mention is made of the Carnegie Steel Com- pany—so much a thing of yesterday it is. It was making iron and building bridges and had also furnaces in opera- tion, which were visited by the late Thomas Whitwell, but it was scarcely worth noticing, as its steel works were then only under construction. So rapidly do things grow in the new land! You have noticed that the blast furnace product in- creased more than six times, and also the rail mill’s prod- uct about the same. The work of a week is now done in a day, but great as is that contrast, here is one still great- er. There have been made and sold without loss hun- dreds of thousands of tons of 4inch steel billets at 3 pounds for a penny. Surely, gentlemen, the limit has been reached here. I think it has, and it is doubtful if ever a lower price can be reached for steel. On the con- trary, there is every indication that period after period the price of steel is to become dearer owing to the lack of raw materials. To make that 3 pounds of steel, at least 10 pounds of material were required—3 pounds of coke, mined and transported 60 miles to the works; 1% pounds of lime, mined and transported 150 miles, and 4% pounds of iron stone, mined at Lake Superior, and trans- ported 900 miles to Pittsburgh, being transferred twice, once from cars into the ship, and again from the ship into the railway cars. How it was done I cannot pretend to tell you, but I know the figures are correct. But every time I repeat them I doubt their possibility. This was done during the day of depression, when everything was at the lowest. Costs are several dollars per ton higher to-day, during this period of boom in America. Gentlemen, such is the contrast between 1874 and 1908. What is it to be 29 years hence? What changes are to come? I have tried to imagine some of its features. It is scarcely possible that this country can increase its product of iron and steel materially. Let us hope that the product will not be decreased. The vital element in the matter is, as we all know, the supply of iron ore. Many re 2 vw \- a its hat in ny September 3, 1903 ff you are conversant with the situation here. I only ‘now what I learn from others, but undoubtedly the at- tention of the iron and steel manufacturers should be di- rected to this question, Where and how can they obtain a supply of iron ore? Nor is it a question which the manufacturer of Amer- ca can safeiy neglect. It was because it forced itself so strongly upon us that we secured such an abundant sup- ply of the best ore obtainable. For 60 years, I think, the United States Steel Corporation are supplied at their present rate of consumption, but 60 years is as nothing in the life of a nation. It is upon future discoveries of iron ore that the future of cheap steel manufacturing, even in America, depends. There are immense deposits in now inaccessible parts. In Utah, for instance, and in Southern California large deposits have been found, so that steel will continue to be manufactured, but it would not surprise me if its cost was very greatly advanced in the future. It seems almost miraculous that such an ar- ticle as steel could be produced and sold without loss at % pounds for a penny. I am convinced that this is a thing of the past. It will be a question of increased cost and therefore of increased price, so that neither Britain nor America need fear that steel manufacture will be wholly lost; the world will gladly pay the increased price nec- essary to obtain it. During the next half century, it seems that America is to increase her output at a tre- mendous pace. The output of Britain will perhaps re- main stationary or even increase somewhat if develop- ments in Norway and Sweden prove satisfactory. Gentlemen, even if this Barrow meeting should fail to rank in importance historically with the first one, I am sure that in the warmth of welcome received, in the en- joyment of the occasion and in the meeting of one with another. the records will not fail to show that 1903 com- pared favorably even with its epoch making predecessor. Drawback Decisions. The Treasury Department has rendered a number of decisions during the past week relative to the allowance of drawbacks on manufactures of iron and steel, as fol- lows: On the exportation of pumps and pumping machinery manufactured in part from imported pig iron by the Deane Steam Pump Company of Holyoke, Mass., the de- cision provides that in liquidation the quantity of im- ported pig iron which may be taken as the basis for the allowance of drawback may equal the quantity declared, but in no case shall it exceed 75 per cent. of the exported castings, and to the quantity so ascertained may be added 4.16 per cent. to compensate for wastage. The regulations of March 28, 1894, establishing a rate for allowance of drawback on steel clock spring material, rolled, tempered, polished and prepared for cutting into lengths suitable for clock springs manufactured from im- ported steel wire rods, are amended so as to provide for drawback on such manufactures by the Washburn Wire Company, successors to R. H. Wolff & Co., Limited. The regulations of December 29, 1902, establishing a rate for allowance of drawback on babbitt metal, with the use of lead and antimony wholly imported, are extended as far as applicable to cover similar exportations by Marks Lissberger & Son of New York, manufactured in part from imported lead and antimony. The regulations of January 31, 1902, establishing a rate for allowance of drawback on solder of various grades and numbers manufactured wholly with the use of imported lead and tin are extended as far as applicable to cover exportations of similar merchandise manufac- tured for the order and on the account of Tatham Broth- ers of New Yo