The Iron Age 1902-06-19: Vol 69 Iss 25

oe eee ae Te eee c. gett ae re ee ee ee H E I Oo duo I R O N A G Ez ° My wysuy A Review of the Hardware, Iron, Mach deimostaring A Trades. Published every Thursday Morning by David Williams Co., 232-238 William St., New York. “ 4b Vol.69: Now25° New York, Thursday, June 19, 1902. poem d Bea mr om Eg a, Reading Matter Contents ........ page 67 (-————_ - Alphabetical Index to Advertisers * 167] Classified List of Advertisers .... ‘* 160 Advertising and Subscription Rates ‘ Blank Cartridges ARE DIFFERENT from other blanks in two respects: GHEY SELL BETTER. GHEY SHOOG LOVDER.. There is always a great demand for U. M. C Blanks. The boys want the U kind. The S. & W. sizes, because of the bevel crimp, special powder and wadding, have a reputation, We can fill all orders this year, New Catalogue. Bristol's Patent Steel Belt Lacing. THE UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE C0., SAVES Time, Belts, 313 BROADWAY, N. Y. BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Money. GreatestStrength TOAPY FuusHEDvowr With Least Metal. Send for Circulars and Free Samples. THE BRISTOL CO., Waterbury, Conn. Ajso Hissench mogtte aud Fe Phenix se ee ¢ SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS, Boston, Mass. maourak = eee @ TURNBUOCKLES, 3 ° 2 GAPEWELL HORSE NAILS 2 Bra eee orge and Iron Co., pon Oona Chaveland, oO, : uEW y YoRm. Branches : PORTLAND, ORE., > Zag 5 e. < cutcaco, m* — pernort, BALTIMORE, a 2S ggi> ST. LOUIS, CINCINNATI, NEW ORLEANS, 0 Sa 3“ Sz . BOSTON, SAN FRANCISCO, DENVER. 2 : $ THE CAPEWELL HORSE NAIL COMPANY 3 m ea site REGULAR PATTERN. rd B “ve re Excelsior Straight-Way Back Pressure Valve. This valve has no dash pots, springs, guides or complicated levers to get out of order. It is simple, reliable and well made. Never sticks, and can be relied upon at all times when using exhaust steam for heating ; or when used as a relief, or free éxhaust on a condénsing plant, it has no equal. It is noise- less and free from any complicated attachments. Iron and Steel Sheets JENKINS BROTHERS, New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago. Black and Galvanized Plain and Painted THE AMERICAN TUBE & STAMPING C60, Flat, Corrugated and ee 90 Gat HOT AND COLD ROLLED Successer te SEE va eee STRIP STEEL. The WILMOT & HOBBS MFG. CO. enantio Apollo Best Bloom Galvanized Sheets Se et oe Ll, eee eins aie ie, ae W. Dewees Wood Company’s ‘ : mM AG N Oo LL. I A mM ) > TA LL. a American Sheet Steel Company Battery Park Building New York Manufacturers of all varieties of Best Anti-Friction Metal for all Machinery Bearings. Planished Iron W. Dewees Wood Company’s Fac-Simile of Bar. Refined Iron bean oe Wellsville Polished Steel Sheets é' es : k | MASH WA METAL C0.,° nioass Bank St Maparmsntte, Meret ef bene eral NEW Y ° at competicive p . ; ; JW) 7 At : : ’ ’ \ ty, y » y “ sf Mf C4 “ a aa) aad ri a x s ae as zi »* 30 NtA | pero . ; sae by i oe Fo PTS Se —_ Fas ie ae hee a ae 5 as ht Bh set = : THE ANSONIA Brass »” COPPER Co. MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS AND COPPER Seamless Tubes, Sheets, Rods and Wire. Ingot Copper. Tobin Bronze (TRADE-MaRK REGISTERED.) Condenser Piates,Pump Linings, Round, Square and Hexagon Bars, for Pump Piston Rods and Bolt Forgings. Boiler and Condenser Tubes, Seamless Tubes. 99 John Street, - - New York. OOO88888 Randolph-Clowes Co., Main Office and Mill, WATERBURY, CONN. MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET BRASS & COPPER. BRAZED BRASS & COPPER TUBES. SEAMLESS BRASS & COPPER TUBES ‘TO 36 IN. DIAM. How Yo York Office, 288 Broadway, Postal Tel- dg Chicago lOffice, 602 Fisher B Blig. Boston Office, Cor. Oliver and WATERBURY HRBSS 6 ESTABLISHED 1845. Main Office and Mills at Waterbury, Conn. N. Y. Store, No, 122 to No, 130 Centre St. Providence Store, No. 131 Dorrance S8t., and No, 152 Eddy St. Poe’s sian fa “We” “Fold yon-Carrsie Metal,’ Suitable for Spinning, Drawing, Stamp- ing and Jewelers’ Work. Brass, German Silver, Bronze and Copper in Sheets, Wire, Rods, Brazed and Seamless Tubing. Shells, wares of every description. Deoxidized Babbitt. NEVER HAS BEEN BEATEN, Bridgeport Deoxidized Bronze & Metal Co, BRIDGEPORT, CONN. Metallic Eye- lets, Ferrules and small brass Sts. Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., ' LA SALLE, ILLINOIS. SMELTERS OF SPELTER AND MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC ACID. Special Sizes of Zinc cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates, Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lithographers’ use. Selected’ Sheets for Paper and Card Makers’ use. Stove and Washboard Bianks. ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. TSN eee AG Ue Tt cS s8-:74 West Monroe St., Chicago. NEE RIT ONG CCUM ES TICM UTIDTITIT Meek ALAS BRASS, BRONZE and ALUMINUM CASTINGS. Founders, Finishers. W. G. ROWELL & CO., BRIDGEPORT, CONN. HENDRICKS BROTHERS PROPRIETURS OF THE Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, Brazicrs’ MANUFACTURERS OF Bolt and Sheathing COPPER, COPPER WwyiReny AND Rivers. Importers and Dealers in Ingot Copper, Block Tin, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, etc. 49 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK. THE PLUME & Atwood M6. Co., MANUFACTURERS OF Sheet and Roll Brass —AND— WioiR EG PRINTERS’ BRASS, JEWELERS’ METAL, GERMAN SILVER AND GILDING METAL, COPPER RIVETS AND BURRS. Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kere- sene Burners, Lamps, Lamp Trimmings, &c 29 MURRAY ST.. NEW YORK. 144 HIGH ST., BOSTON. 199 LAKE ST., CHICAGO, ROLLING MILL t Taomaston, CONN. SCOVILL MFG. CO., Manufacturers of BRASS, CERMAN SILVER Sheets, Rolis, Wire Rods, Bolts and Tubes, Brass Shelis, Cups, Hinges, Buttons, Lamp Coods. SPECIAL BRASS GOODS TO ORDER Factories, WATERBURY, CONN. DEPOTS: CHICAGO, FACTORIES ¢ ERATE, CONN. NEW YORK, BOSTON. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, AGENTS FOR Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co. DEALERS IN , COPPER, TIN, SPELTER, LEAD, ANTIMONY. 100 John Street, - New York. Arthur |. Rutter SUCCESSOR TO WILLIAM S. FEARING 256 Broadway, NEW YORK. Small tubing in Brass, Copper, Steel, Aluminum, German Silver, &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and Ger- man Silver. Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire. Brazed and Seamless Brass and Copper Tube. Copper and Brass Rod. “Dealeh-Ligit” OIL and GAS Bicycle Lantems. Send for Circulars and Electrotypéc. THE BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO., Bridgeport, Conn. © Manep N.Y. 17 No 7th 8t., Patiates 8 to 87 Pearl St.. Bosto: ~— > Ege ¢ | F *. Guaranteed. R. A. HART, BATTLE CREEK, MICH. No better counter - made. 4 Wheel, $3.00 'e2 i. ‘THE IRON AGE THURSDAY, JUNE 19, 1902 Dome of the New Chicago Government Build- The building consists of steel frame work with a ing. facing of granite. The contractors for the erection of aditigieceicciaae the frame work were originally the Hansell-Elcock The accompanying illustration shows the steel con Foundry Company of Chicago and the J. G. Wagner struction of the dome for the new building now being Company of Milwaukee. These two companies worked erected in Chicago which is to be used for post office in co-operation with each other until the absorption of | AN om 2) a GUN VN SAIN GT ARWA Y XV NAD i os bbb MAN pL THE DOME OF THE NEW CHICAGO GOVERNMENT BUILDING and other purposes of the United States Government. the J. G. Wagner Company by the American Bridge This buiiding is of a totally different design from the Company. Since that time the Hansell-Elecock Foundry conventional Government structure in our large cities. Company have had exclusive control of the steel construc- It fills an entire block. The main structure is in the tion. A noteworthy point in the completion of the building form of a Greek cross, each of the four arms being six was reached a short time since, when the frame work stories high, the corners being filled to the hight of two of the dome attained its full hight. This is the stage stories. From the center of the pile rises a dome. reached at the time the photograph was taken, which o FS SE AO a a “to AT OL RT EE, SRE eRe THE IRON AGE. was used for our iliustration. The total quantity of steel used in the construction of this building is about 10,000 tons, of which the approximate quantity used in the dome was 1200 tons. The frame of the dome is of truss construction, each truss carrying three floors. Four trusses of 20 tons each and 8 plate girders of 10 tons each were utilized. The size of the beams used in the dome ranged from 5 to 24 inches. The hight of the dome above the roof of the main building is 167 feet 9 inches. The perpendicular hight of the arch line is 76 feet 6 inches. The distance from the ground to the top of the dome is 295 feet 4 inches. The diameter of the dome at the widest part is 94 feet 2 inches. A flag pole 00 feet in hight extends above the dome. In hoisting the material for the construction of the dome a steam crane at the top was used, all material being hoisted through the center. ‘The arches were raised in sections and assembled at the top. The dome will present a striking appearance not only by reason of its great size, but also because of its ornamentation. It will be covered with tile overlaid with gold leaf. Huge copper eagles will be used as a frieze at the base of the arch, each of which will be 16 to 18 feet high, with 23 feet spread between the tips of the wings. Lake Iron Ore Matters. DuLuTH, MINN, June 18, 1902.—Preparations are in active progress for the annual meeting of the Lake Superior Mining Institute, that will -convene in Duluth and on the Minnesota ranges in August for its regular sessions The meetings for business and for the presen- tation of papers will be held at Duluth, and the tour of the ranges will take place during the week. A special train of Pullman cars will be provided for the members, and these will be carried by the railroads in such a way as to cover the more interesting points of the dis- trict very fully. The meeting is expected to be one of the most interesting sessions ever held by the institute, and it is probable there will be a very large attendance, both of members throughout the Lake Superior region and of others from outside. The customary date of meetings is in the early part of the year, and that of 1901 was held in February, at Houghton. An earlier meeting had been held in Minnesota at such time of year that no very exact survey of open pit or other operations singular to the Mesaba range could be had, and it was decided to hold the 1902 meeting at such time that not only would operations be in full swing, but that mining superintendents would be far enough along with their work of the season that they could give time to the visitors. This being the case, it is expected that the session will be especially interesting and full of information. Lake shipments of ore have been hampered the past two weeks by the blockade at the Sault canals. This blockade was the result of an accident to the interna- tional railway bridge across the canal above the Ameri- can locks; the United States Steel Corporation’s barge “Madeira ’”’ ran into the bridge and knocked it off its settings. This was the fault of the bridge tender, who did not swing the bridge opén for the barge, and the lat- ter was unable to stop. The trifling accident proved an object lesson of the importance of navigation through the canals on both sides the river, as during the six days of the blockade the Canadian Canal, though longer than ° either of the two American locks, was utterly unable to care for the business. Before the bridge was swung into position, after six days, the press of ships at the Canadian lock had become so great that more than 100 vessels were tied up, and the number was increasing by a score or more daily. This, though the canal was worked continuously and with the utmost speed. This delay to ships resulted in placing but few boats at ore docks for the week, and traific was slackened clear back to the furthest corners of mines. Now the diffi- culty has been remedied and boats have been running, but they have become so bunched that ‘trouble will be occasioned for some time. June this year will not pass the freight that the same month did in 1901. Tuere is a great deal of talk in local papers and else- June 19, 1902 where of the finds that are being made north of the in- ternational boundary line, on Steep Rock Lake and in a region running westerly from the Atikokan range. Much of this talk has been based upon very unreliable infor- mation, and it is probably safe to say that until there is a great deal more information the reports are to be placed in the “important if true” class. Exploration is under way there on a considerable scale, and by the fall much should be known. Ore dock work for the Great Northern road at the head of Lake Superior is completed for the year, and the road now has two docks, the larger of which is 1500 feet long, 73 feet high to track deck and 65 feet wide, with a storage capacity of 86,000 gross tons. Though not the longest, it is the largest ore dock in the world. Changes are being made in the management of the J. J. Hill ore interests, necessitated by the purchase of the subordi- nate Eastern Minnesota road by the main system. The Eastern has been that portion of the Great Northern sys- tem through which the freight business of that great line of roads has been concentrated into Lake Superior terminals, both from the transcontinental line, the St. *aul and Minnesota branches and the ore range division. Consequently it has had a traffic far greater than that of the main system, and almost equal in density to that of the most important freight roads of the United States. The ore traffic will be maintained under separate man- agement, though the road is absorbed, and will be han- dled by D. M. Philbin of Duluth, who has been in charge for years, as manager of mines. The road will probably continue to offer properties they can mine to independent mining and steel making interests in such a way as to permit them to enter the ore field. The road is not, how- ever, making any more such contracts with mining com- panies as it did make a few years ago. The activity on the Western Mesaba range, in Itasca County, continues, and more drills than ever are going in there. Many of these explorers are men without knowledge of the business, either practical or theo- retical; and it is not probable that results will be star- tling. But some good finds have been made and more are sure to be. The ores of the district, though lean and sandy, are far better than many Southern ores, and are sure to come into use in due time. The field is about the last chance for exploration, so many consider, upon the Mesaba range, and for that reason lands are more or less thoroughly prospected there that would otherwise be disregarded. It is probable that 30 drills and double that number of test pitting crews are now working there, from the Mississippi River easterly into town 57-22, a distance along the formation of about 18 miles. The United States Geological Survey, that last year finished the mapping of the Mesaba range as far west as the center of range 21, is at work again checking up its former operations, and extending its completed sur- veys westerly along the formation toward the Missis- sippi. This done, a second map will be issued carrying the valuable survey as far as possible. It is quite re- markable that the work of the survey, so far as mapped, is so closely borne out as it is by actual field operations. Time after time the closeness of mappings by the sur- vey has been proved by work done with great care after the publication of the Government’s map, and I do not know of a single instance where the map has been shown to be inaccurate to any considerable extent. If the western end of the range is mapped as closely the survey can well claim a triumph. D. E. W. oO The Largest Cantilever Bridge. The cantilever bridge now being erected across the St. Lawrence River at Montreal will have a length of 1800 feet for the central span, which is 90 feet longer than the present Forth bridge in England. The two shore spans will be each 500 feet in length. The bridge will be 6214 feet wide and will carry two steam railway tracks in the center and a single electric railway and highway on either side. From the top of the caisson to the coping the piers will be 57 feet high, and the high- est point of the superstructure above the coping will be 330 feet. The piers are of granite backed with concrete June 19, 1902 and the towers are of steel throughout. It is expected that the substructure and shore spans will be com- pleted by the end of the year. The College Man in Industrial Works. BY W. F. LAKE, BUFFALO. A survey of the foremost industrial establish- ments of this country need not be more than casual to determine the prominence of positions held by men of technical training. Naturally, there will always be found those who are lucratively employed as a result of influence or relation, but the remarks of this article refer only to those who attain distinction solely as a re- sult of their worth. To-day we find a growing tendency to recognize that men from the scientific schools are of appreciable value to the progressive industrial institu- tion. A most forcible illustration of this fact is the ex- isting condition at the best engineering schools this year—namely, that they have calls for many more graduates than are being turned out. These men enter the manufacturing world with the authority of the college to affix M.E. or B.S. to their names. Many of them, with the intutition of good judgment, inborn or possibly acquired at the university, omit the title until it shall have been earned by some years of practical ex- perience. A more kindly feeling in general exists toward the technical man in the machine shops, the drafting rooms and other departments of works than there did years ago. Yet, withal, a good deal of prejudice against their eause still prevails in some establishments. This will continue to steadily decrease proportionally as the standard of intelligence of working mechanics is raised. For this evolution thanks are due in a large measure to the correspondence schools and the evening classes in mechanics conducted in the large cities. The writer has recently visited a number of the lead- ing engineering schools throughout the country, and an examination of the various college enrollments shows a larger number entered on the list of engineering stu- dents than ever before. The colleges are erecting new buildings and providing for larger increases in enroli- ment than ever before. While the commercial world is enjoying at present a period of unparalleled prosperity, it is not due to this entirely that the college bred me- chanie finds ready employment at the eémpletion of his course. It is safe to say that this phenomenal growth and development of trade does not in any measure com pare with the increase in the total number of men grad- uated in mechanical engineering who are well placed with manufacturing houses. The reason is apparent. As a net result their services are found valuable, not only in working toward a maximum factory output at minimum expense and time, but in other work in the establishment. If the original idea of schools of mechanical tech- nology was only to train men to a high standard for shop work, then the ultimate usefulness of such institu- tions was not apparent at their inception. It is true that not many years ago there was little or no thought of the senior students entering the business department of a manufacturing institution, and the college faculties did not advance the idea nor endeavor to so locate their men. But to-day we find the technical man doing very effective work in the executive departments of business. As an engineer salesman, often his record is a good pace setter for those of longer experience. His ability to conceive an efficient installation on reviewing the condi- tions to be met and familiarity with technical and me- chanical detail of the plant are fruitful factors. This has been but a natural outgrowth. There is essentially a great distinction between the business world and the university. So the college grad- uate should be taken at the outset as he is, an employee without experience, but having a foundation upon which may be built a most efficient career. From the time he enters the office door he must build upon that founda- tion, following the ideas and suggestions of his em- ployer. The first year, or more it may be, is practically a post-graduate course, adapting him to the specific ‘line THE IRON AGE. % of his employer's business He will appreciate the close personal relation with men capable of guiding his steps, who realize his difficulties and can stimulate his efforts. The eredit of that employee's success is the employers as well as his own. The employer looks for and Tre- ceives a great deal of originality of thought and treat- ment of mechanical subjects from technical men. Close relationship with the active business department tends to mold and develop these qualities into lines of ultimate commercial value. From the English point of view it is observed that the American college president is essentially a business man: that he runs the halls of learning like a great fac- tory; that he appoints instructors who know that they must do certain work during the term sufficient to bring out their best energy; that their vacations will be so oc- cupied as to inject new vigor into their work the follow- ing season. This is the machinery of the institution. But however good that machinery is, or the degree of perfection it may in future reach, it may never be ex- pected to wholly fit the college man to the work he is to pursue. The requests for men from manufacturing establish- ments which are made to eollegeiate institutions are in- teresting. It must be admitted that a good many of them show a lack of forethought as to what is to be done with the men. As an example, the writer saw one letter from a manufacturer of small machines and tools requesting a dozen men. The correspondent gave no clue as to what the men were expected to do, what would be their opportunity for advancement, or any- thing that could interest a man who had spent four vears in active study and incidentally laid out what is to him. if he has had to earn it. a great deal of money. In another instance the manager of a growing electrical firm desired to employ the entire graduating class of a mechanical college. It is possible that he intended to turn these men loose about his plant, in which case there is no doubt but that some of them at least in due course would have made their services felt. Similar propositions are annually made to technical schools by a number of the largest American industrial institu- tions. This willingness to “take the goods without seeing them ’’ shows a wholesome interest in the prod- uct of the mechanical schools. But this is scarcely the ideal way of making engagements. The student of to- day, who completes a course involving an exacting curriculum, intuitively has the idea of investigation and discrimination. His training encourages him to acquire this. If he has not a fully formulated plan of the work he is to enter after commencement, he will at least examine very carefully into whatever may be offered before coming to a conclusion. A higher moral and scholastic standard for graduate mechanical engineers is fixed by the college and de manded by the business w‘ rld at the present time than at any previous period, and it is still on the upward trend. The requirements in class, the general college influence and the very atmosphere of the campus com- bine to encourage this growth. But since the inception of the world men have oceupied different stations as a result of varying energy and resources, and the college man is no exception. His education ean never wholly change his nature. No Hall of learning will ever evolve itself into a marvelous*ma ‘hine through which charac ters and brains of all kinds may pass and turn out perfected product in every particular -_ The erection of the new West Allis shops of the Allis Chalmers Company has been seriously delayed by the slow delivery of structural steel. The contractors are now at work on the pattern shop and foundry. The company have about 10 machines in operation in the first shop. The steel work for the erection shop and a portion of the brick work is completed. This is also true of the second shop, and the third is well advanced and in the course of 10 or 15 days the steel we rk for the three units, including the erecting shop, will be com- pleted. A description of the novel arrangement of these shops was printed in The Iron Age under date of Febru ary 28, 1901. oe 7 1 | é AS TE fe Eten mew COE Le ae a THE IRON AGE. The Molding Machine.* Ss. H. STUPAKOFF, PITTSBURGH, PA. Flasks. ralk to a foundryman about flasks and you will touch another sore spot.. No wonder, for flasks are a contin- ual drain on the exchequer. Founders will tell you that if it were not for the cost of flasks there might be some profit in the business. ‘They admit that they are a necessity, but invariably think them an unavoidable nuisance, a source of constant annoyance, loss and ex- pense; and, in fact, the greatest evil of the foundry. It is often thought that every cent spent on the construc- tion and maintenance of flasks is just so much money thrown into the gutter. But luckily, all the opinions on this subject do not run in the same direction. There are many founders who have gone through it who hold and prove that bad flasks give bad results, are false economy and point to poor judgment. They argue, and justly so, that money spent judiciously for a good flask equipment, especially for a good set of stock flasks, and a liberal sum set aside and used for their maintenance, is a good investment An expenditure of this kind is mainly a matter of first cost, and is fully justified by the results. The founder who knows a good thing when he sees it will also know how to take care of it. He will not permit his flasks to be abused and thrown out into the yard, where they are exposed to the deteriorating effects of the weather. He will keep them under roof and guard them against all possible damage. Nobody will question the fact that bad flasks are more than likely the prin- cipal cause of loss of time and of castings. Yet how many are there who will anxiously try to save and stint in this direction ? Give vour molder good material, good facilities, and nbove all, let him have good flasks, and you have a right to expect a good day’s work, and that of good quality. 300d flasks are especiaily important in machine or plate molding. In fact, to insure good results from mold- ing machines the flasks used must be practically per- fect. They should be constructed so as to insure a firm holding of the molding sand. They should be made stiff, light and durable. The flask pins should be ac- curately fitted. If flasks are made in sets they must be absolutely interchangeable. When copes and drags are put together they should not rock or shake side- ways. The pins should be firm and square with the flask surface; and while they must not bind, on the other hand they must not fit too loosely. Ordinary shop made wooden flasks, such as are used in most foundries, are not likely to give good results in molding machine practice, but if carefully and sub- stantially made and perfect in all other respects there is no reason why their application in machine molding should be absolutely condemned. Iron flasks are always preferable, more especially because they do not shrink, warp or get out of joint. Pressed steel flasks, if they could be procured, would answer still better. If wooden flasks are used they should be provided with an iron ring at their face, which ring should serve not only as & tie and alignment, but also as a base for securing the flask pins. Flask Pins, Turned tapering flask pins give the best satisfaction in flasks for machine molding. Part of the pin is usually turned down to a square shoulder with a thread at its lower end, the cylindrical portion is fitted into a cor- responding hole in the flask lug and permanently se- cured thereto by a nut. A better way is to ream taper- ing holes in the flask lugs, make the lower ends of the pins accordingly and drive them lightly into place. Thus a few pins will answer for any number of flasks, as they can be removed as soon as the flasks are closed and clamped together. Freater care can thus be be- stowed upon their production, as the increased cost is but a small item, and when not in use they can be easily * Read before the meeting of the American Foundrymen’s Association, Boston, June, 1902. June 19, 1902 removed from their sockets and bolts, flasks and pins can be easily and properly taken care of. A convenient way to remove such taper shank pins is shown in Fig. 1. A piece of flat iron or a flask clamp is used as a lever by placing it between the lower end of the taper shank and the rounded top edge of a ful- crum lug. which may form a part of the side of the flask, and which should be located 1 or 2 inches out of alignment with regard to the center line of the flask pin. A prolongation of these lugs may also form the handle of the flask. A slight pressure or a light tap with the hammer will loosen the pins from their sockets, where- upon they may be easily withdrawn. The B. & S. Standard is recommended as the most suitable taper for these taper shank flask pins. Accurate reamers are al- Ways obtainable in exact duplicates, and their use in- sures absolute uniformity. It may not be out of place to caution against the mal- treatment of the ends of these flask pins, which is bound to cause trouble and annoyance. There is not much likelihood to injure the pins if mallets of either raw- hide, wood, lead or copper are used for driving them in or out. As an additional precaution, to protect them from injuty it is desirable to have them case hardened. Care should be taken that the flask pins do not spring or bend during the hardening process; if they do, this fault should be corrected before they go into service, for e/ 1. Fig. 2. Removing Taper Shank Pins. How to Use Round Pins. THE MOLDING MACHINE. bent or sprung pins are unfit for use. Little or no trouble will be experienced with good tool steel pins. It is common practice to arrange the flask pin lugs in such a manner that a space of about 4 inch or more is left between them when the flask is closed. Thus, no attention need be paid to the small quantity of molding sand, which inadvertently collects and packs around the base of the pins while the flask is being filled, but which would otherwise form an obstruction in the closing up of the flask. These spillings must be removed if the faces of the lugs are on a level with the parting edge of the flask. It is sometimes troublesome to close or open flasks which are provided with well fitting round flask pins, as molding sand or dust will unavoidably adhere to them. This difficuty may be overcome to a great extent by re- moving a portion of the cylindrical part of the pin by either flattening or grooving, as shown in the cross sec- tion, Fig. 2. Constant use of flasks of this kind will eventually wear out not only the flask pins, but also the sockets of their corresponding mates. They cannot possibly be kept absolutely clean, and the sand will keep on cutting until the defect must be remedied. It is an easy matter to exchange the worn out pin for a new one, but it is not so easy to correct the fault in the flask pin socket, unless, indeed, it was provided with a removable bush- ing in the first place. This, when necessary, can be re- placed with the same facility as the pin. This is a point but rarely observed. To get perfectly satisfactory serv- ice out of a flask it is, nevertheless, quite as important a matter as all the others which were mentioned above. The makers of molding machines are undoubtedly very wel] aware of all the requirements, which are cov- ered by the observance of these little details; they will appreciate their importance and must admit that they are essential to make their machines a success. Yet to my knowledge these facts have never been mentioned. Is this information kept from the founder purposely, that he may not be scared from the purchase of ma- wT Fo. |0CU”F oe *" ws y Se NS = [- June 19, 1902 THE IRON AGE. chines ? If he should be told all this he might, in the irst place, think of the expense, and next that his mold- ers cannot get used to refinements of this kind—which, «by the way, is not a very creditable opinion. But if he buys one or more of the machines offered he cannot help finding all this out before long, to his own chagrin. By that time, perhaps, he has made up his mind to throw the thing in the scrap pile, or, if he persists, because he knows that others have succeeded, he will be compelled to pay dearly for his experience. He could have had this experience in the first place, and at a reasonable price, had he been furnished not only with the machine, but at the same time with jigs, sample flasks, pins, &c., and, above all, with necessary information to which he was justly entitled. It should be taken into consideration that not all founders, foremen and molders are expert engineers or machinists, nor can they be expected to be fully versed in all the intricacies of machine design, mechanical laws and movements. To convince them and to demonstrate that machine molding is superior in every respect and more economical than the process of hand molding, in which line they themselves are experts, they need all available assistance, and must be taught from the very beginning the principles of the construction of the ma- chines, the scope of their utility, their application and the importance of accessories and the essential parts in all minor details. Many failures to introduce the mold ing machine into foundries, to establish and to maintain their reputation as labor savers can be traced to the lack of intelligible instructions sent with them by their mak- ers, and be it intention or neglect, the withholding of this a a ee ee 1o 2 -o @-0-@-©- 9 -@ © @ © @ @ o> + o-0- o->--4-¢-+-0-¢-¢°4 e+ rere rererererere? ere et eoereoreerer re eet errr reer eee are eeee eee er ee Oo + oo ee THe Hee ooo oe oe oo oe 9 © reer e ee oe ee oe eee eo oe o-4 “Oe verre rr ere lee rv eevee ee ere | Fig. 3.—Plate with Guide Pin Holes. Fig. 4 Test Pin. founded with these guide pins, as they will never an- swer the purpose. In order that misconceptions in this respect may be avoided, this term will be adhered to in what follows, and strict distinction will be made be- tween flask pius and guide pins wherever they may be mentioned in the course of this work. rhe guide pin holes G and G', Fig. 3, are preferably arranged on opposite ends of the plate, in even multi- ples of an inch, and equidistant from its center and on a line dividing the plate into two equal rectangles. There are exceptional cases in which three or four guide pins must be used. The most serious objection against this arrangement is the greater difficulty experienced in locating the patterns correctly. Accuracy in preparing the plates becomes of the ut- most importance, as the magnitude of all errors oc- curring in the original laying out is doubled by each subsequent operation. The guide pin holes should be drilled and reamed out at right angles to the surface of the plate, and it is advisable to provide them with hardened and ground steel bushings. All guide pins should be of uniform diameter irrespective of the size Fiy. 5.—Finding Center of Plate. THE MOLDING MACHINE information does more or less harm to all parties inter ested, and retards the world’s industrial progress. Jigs. The deduction arrived at in the foregoing chaptel might make it appear that plated patterns are net likely to find an extensive use in jobbing foundries, whereas this is really not altogether the case. There is no doubt that plate molding in its present shape, or rather as ordinarily applied, is practically excluded from jobbing shops. But if a plate is used in connection with a suitable jig, specially prepared for the purpose, objec- tions are not ovly overcome, but the application and use of plates offer excellent advantages, even in such cases where only a small number of castings of the same pat- tern are required at one time. At best, the economic use of plated patterns is limited by the shape and size of the castings. The fundamental principle involved in their construction and application must be fully un- derstood by the user, if satisfactory results are expected. Irrespective of its relation to the molding machine, it would seem that this subject—on its own merits—is of such importance that it should be investigated by all foundrymen. It shoukd specially interest the majority of our members. I have therefore somewhat enlarged the scope of this treatise on the molding machine by including a detailed study of the construction and modus operandi of this particular contrivance. To begin with, it should be understood that all plates are provided with guide pin holes, which are accurately fitted to corresponding guide pins forming part of the flasks. Unless special flasks are used in connection with such plates the customary flask pins should not be con- of the plate. <A pair of test pins should be kept on hand, which snugly fit the guide pin holes; one-half of one of their ends should have been cut down to about % inch in length, leaving as remainder exactly one-half of the cylindrical portion, Vig. 3. If these test pins are in- serted into their respective holes and a straight edge be placed against their flattened faces it will serve for locating the base or the center line of the plate, for marking off and laying out the dowel pin holes, arrang- ing the patterns and checking off all work relating to it. The exact location of the center of the plate, and likewise the center of the flask, is found by dividing the base line from center to center guide pin hole into two equal parts. Let us drill a hole, C, in this place, ‘ig. 4, and let this hole serve as the starting point for future operations. Now we will assume that we have procured a try square with a row of holes drilled in each of its legs; these holes are spaced equally—say 1 inch apart—care being taken that each row stands ex- actly in a straight line, and that both rows include an exact angle of 90 degrees. We place this square in such a manner on our plate that the hole in its apex corresponds with the center hole © of our plate, and insert a good fitting dowel pin through both. Thus we are able to shift the square over the whole surface of the plate by turning it around the center pin. Next we bring one leg of the square over the base line of the plate and insert a second dowel pin (which may be shouldered if necessary) through G into the correspond- ing hole of our square. Secured in this manner the square should be absolutely rigid and should not shake to right or left on the surface of the plate. We now drill one hole each into the plate through the guides - Boe age a Aarti RR ee i a St ee ~~: ee 6 THE H and 1 of the square, then we remove the pin from G, turn the square around the center pin over 90 de- grees, so that one of its legs points upward and the other one to the left, insert a dowel through the hole in the leg pointing upward into the top hole I’ of the plate, and drill the hole H’; finally we turn it again over 90 degrees, secure it in the same manner as before, and drill the hole I’. Fig. 4 illustrates the square in the first position as located on the plate; the holes H’? and I*°, which are drilled subsequently, are shown in faint lines. We shall call these holes, in the future, ** pilot in order to distinguish them from others These four pilot holes include an rectangle or and each opposite pair is uniform distances from the center of plate understood that it is not abso holes,” in the same plate. exact located at and flask. It will be lutely necessary to employ the square for drilling the pilot holes. Tor instance, after one plate has been pre- pared in this manner this plate can serve as a jig for drilling any number of additional plates in the same manner by a single Such an original or master if all holes are provided square, setting. plate is especially serviceable rHE with good steel bushings. The pilot holes in connection with the center hole will serve us hereafter as guides for locating pattern dowels. Our object in view is to use this plate as a base for any and all suitable patterns, and as an illustration we will arrange it tor the reception of patterns of a globe valve and a bib cock. We will assume that the patterns are all in good shape and properly parted. However, they shall originally not have been intended for use with either molding machine or drawplate. Our plate and flask are of a suitable size, but the job is in a hurry—as all jobs are—and we must get out quite ¢ number of these castings to-day. What are we going to do about it? Take my advice and make it in the old fashioned way, unless you are provided with a suitable jig plate and an inexpensive but a good small drill press, which was never used by your blacksmiths or vard laborers, but was expressly reserved for this pur- pose only, was always under the care of a mechanic who understood how to handle it and who took pride in keeping it in good shape. This jig plate, Fig. 3, should be provided with a number of holes, two rows of which, at least, are drilled exactly in the same manner as those in the above men- tioned square; the balance are laid our preferably, but not necessarily so, in straight and parallel lines, all equi- distant from each other. Its dimensions should be suf- ficient to cover one corner, or one-fourth, of your pattern plate. If these things are part of your equipment you will have easy sailing, and you will be better fitted to tackle the job than your competitor. IRON MOLDING AGE. June 19, 1902 Place this jig in such a manner in one corner of your draw plate that the hole O, Fig. 3, corresponds with the hole C in its center, hold both together with dowel pins inserted into the pilot holes, and drill the holes through the jig into your plate, which are required for securing the patterns in the predetermined places. To avoid mis- takes be sure that the hole in that particular corner of the jig which corresponds to the one described as located in the apex of the square is distinctly marked on both sides of the jig plate—in our figure marked O—and note carefully which holes in the jig were used for drilling the dowel holes into the pattern plate. Thereafter turn the jig upside down on the pattern plate, insert the dowel pins again through the same holes, O and OI into C and I[', and the third one through OH into H?’, and then, as before, drill through the same guide holes of the jig corresponding dowel holes into the second quar- ter of the pattern plate. Repeat the same process at the lower half of the plate, being always careful that C and O remain together, and your plate is ready to receive the patterns. That there may be no doubt as to the method of operation, I that you will refer to the two plates, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7. The cut on the former repre- selts the jig. In faint lines thereon is shown the outline of the position of patterns, which. corresponds to the arrangement of the same on the pattern plate, Fig. 7. suggest Fig. 7.—Pattern Plate. MACHINE. Horizontal and vertical lines, which are provided with identification niarks, cross all the holes in the jig plate. The holes which are to be used in this special case as guides for drilling the necessary dowel pin or screw holes in the pattern plate are indicated by circles drawn in heavy. Thus, the holes II x and 8* are used for securing the globe valve body pattern, II + and III |; for the body of the bib cock, and so forth. By placing Fig. 6 in such a manner over the drawing of the pattern plate, Fig. 7, that its hole O corresponds with the center hole C of the latter, and OI and OH respectively with I’ and H’, it will be noticed that the outlines rep- resenting the patterns cover each other in both cuts. The jig placed in this position over the pattern plate, and secured to it by the pilot pins at O, OI and OH, is used jin this manner for drilling all dark lined holes in the right hand upper corner of the draw plate. This being done, the pilot pins are withdrawn and the jig plate is reversed and turned into the upper left hand corner of the pattern plate, just as if it were hinged at the line OI, the pilot pins are replaced into the same holes of the jig as before and in this position they will secure it to the pattern plate by entering its pilot holes C, P and H’*. It will be observed that in this position also, and equally well, the outlines of the patterns in both cuts fall exactly together. The jig is used in this position as before; the same guide holes which were used in the first position in the upper right hand corner serve again as guides for drilling the second quarter of the pattern plate. Identically the same process is then repeated at the lower left hand and lower right hand corners of the plafe, by first turning the jig plate June 19, 1902 THE then around the hinge center OH and around OL, In order to prepare the patterns to suit the above conditions we proceed exactly in the same manner, by securing one-half of each separately, and always the one which has the dowel holes at the previously de- termined place on the jig plate, and drilling clear through them the holes which coincide with those drilled previ ously into the pattern plate. The second halves otf these patterns are then placed in position against the first (drilled) halves; they are prevented from moving sideways by their original dowel pins, and they may be held together by suitable clamps. These clamps are preferably made of a universal type which adapts them for use with all kinds of patterns, their lower portion being constructed in the shape of a frame which rests on the table of the drill press without rocking and which is adapted for fastening the patterns in such a manner that their parting faces stand parallel to the drill table. The half of the pattern which has been drilled first with the aid of the jig occupies the upper position in this clamp or drill frame, and the holes in this one will now serve as guides for the drill to drill the holes in the second half, which stands directly underneath. Finally have the original dowel pins of the patterns removed and fasten all parts separately in place on the pattern plate by either dowels or screws, or both, whichever may be preferable and venient in your particular case. lf I may call your attention again to the drawings, you will observe that we have prepared the pattern plate in this manner with four complete sets of patterns; yet we have used only two. The castings resulting from the use of these plates should be perfect as to match. The amount of labor required to withdraw the patterns from the sand is reduced to a minimum, ad- ditional time is saved by the use of a stationary gate or runner on the plate, and double the quantity of castings can be produced in this manner with the same number of patterns and in the same number of flasks. All this can be accomplished by making an effort of no longer duration than it took to describe. If you have followed the above description care- fully you may have noticed that it is not necessary to have an individual plate prepared for each set of pat- terns. Yet I thought it better to describe this method of preparing pattern plates and patterns for plate mold- ing in detail than to leave room for any doubt or error. You can easily see that much of the time which it ap- parently took to get the plate and patterns ready for the molder can be saved by providing the entire sur- face of the plate with dowel holes before putting it into use. This should be done with the aid of the jig and in identically the same manner as has been sufficiently explained in the foregoing. Thus only new patterns have to be prepared for the purpose, and all others, which once have been fitted, are easily replaced and secured to their correct positions on the plate, provid- ing their dowel holes were promptly provided with specific numbers, letters or identification marks. The additional holes in the plate will not impair its working qualities, but they could be easily closed up with bees- wax if objectionable. Finally, it is well worthy to note that each plate can be used in connection with all patterns within its range, and that it can be kept in continuous service, while the patterns may be changed at will, and as often as desirable. imaginary most con- While the above description may appear somewhat too extended, I assure you that a serious mistake would have been mace had the subject been slighted merely for the sake of brevity. At the same time I will say, in justification of my apparent digression, that my original subject has not been sidetracked. At first sight it may appear that the construction and the manipulation of pattern plates has but little connection with molding machines,’ but I hope that I will succeed in showing in the course of this work that they are not only in- timately connected with each other, but that they are in fact the principal parts of all molding machines. The lack of intimate knowledge of how to make use of them to the best advantage, the want of proper means IRON AGE. 7 to effect this purpose and the wretchedly little effort right spirit of their nature is generally the reason why a molding machine becomes an elephant on the hands of a molder and an eyesore to its owner. Which is made to'cateh the ee Central Pennsylvania industrial Notes. HARRISBURG, PA., June 17, 1902.—Little of importance save the settlement of soveral labor troubles in this part of the State can be reported this week. The announce Reading Lron Company had advanced puddlers’ wages to $4.50 per ton was followed ment in Reading that the