The Iron Age 1902-06-12: Vol 69 Iss 24

A Review of the Hardware, Iron, M Published every Thursday Morning by David Williams Co. be otina? ‘ Vol. 69: No. 24 Reading Matter Contents.........page 52 Alphabetical Index to Advertisers “‘ 165 Classified List of Advertisers... .. “ 156 prior and we acer no Rates ‘“‘ 67 THE BRISTOL COMPANY, Waterbury, Conn. Bristol’s Recording Instruments. For Pressure Temperature and Electricity. aiiver } Medal, Paris Exposition. All Ranges, Low Prices, and Guar- anteed.’ Send for Circulars. Also Massachusetts and Phenix rands of Sash Cord. SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS, Boston, Mass. TURNBUCKLES. ——n _ — ch Office, 11 a . New York Creveland € City Forge and tron Co. ~ Cleveland, © TURNBUCHKIZBS. ae Basic Pia. Brooklyn, E.D., N.Y. PILLING & CRAN Girard Building, Phiia. Lewis Block, Pittabure b. } Ewpire Bidg., New York APOLLO BEST BLOOM GALVANIZED IRON First-class work of all sorts is done with Apollo. Some sorts can be well-enough done with inferior iron. It don’t pay. Apollo takes less time and saves money. You can’t afford to use refractory iron. Apollo obeys the tool and makes no fuss. American Sheet Steel Company, New York a THE IRON To AGE New York, Thursday, June 12, 1902. a iT ar oimanse ue me ‘tal Trades. Villiam St., New York. $5.00 a Year, including Postage. Single Copies, Ten Cents. Remington N26 “RIFLE Trial” to convince It needs “ Only The New Model Remington No. 6 Take-down Single Shot Rifle is by far the best rifle you can buy for the money. a you that LIST PRIGE, $5.00. Apply to your dealer for vatalog and discount REMINGTON ARMS CoO., ILION, N. Y. ‘ 425 Market St., San Francisco, Gal. 313-317 Broadway, New York City ; REGULAR PATTERN. : CAPEWELL HORSE NAILS: NEW YORK, Branches: PORTLAND, ORE., PHILADELPHIA, BUFFALO, CHICAGO, DETROIT, BALTIMORE, ST. LOUIS, CINCINNATI, NEW ORLEANS, BOSTON, SAN FRANCISCO, DENVER. THE CAPEWELL HORSE NAIL COMPANY HARTFORD, CONN. PLATE PATTER NuYsilivd asivonuyora acevee PATTERN. JENKINS BROTHERS’ VALVES Perfectly tight under all pressures of steam, oils, or acids. Warranted to give satisfaction under the worst conditions. Received the Gold Meda At the Pan-Amer- Highest Award ican Exposition, Insist on having the genuine stamped with Trade-Mark. JENKINS BROTHERS, New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Ghicago. THE AMERICAN TUBE & STAMPING C0, HOT AND COLD ROLLED Successor to sex 149 STRIP STEEL. The WILMOT & HOBBS MF6. CO. PAGE ' MAGNOLIA METAL, Best Anti-Friction Metal for all Machinery Bearings. Pac-Simile of Bar. bfinen eee Beware of db ad imitations. WAGNOLIA METAL CO., 13-115 Bank st., Owners and Sole Wennfnctupers, NEW YORK. ” ra London, Montreal. We eatin all grades at competitive THE IRON AGE. Ansonia Brass — |WATERBURY BRASS GO. [Tae Puume & Arwooo Mrc. Co, MANUFACTURERS OF pp” Co PPER Co: ESTABLISHED 1845. smn a ~~ | Main Office and Mills at Waterbury, Conn. Sheet and Roll Brass BRASS AND COPPER | brevisence'sore: xo int Dorrance: st V7 IR tc Seamless Tubes, Sheets, Rods and Wire. Serer nee PRINTERS’ BRASS, JEWELERS’ METAL, GERMAN ee. |e la and “White” ae - Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kere. Tobin Bronze |: “ee eee ct aig! Oe jn tase Metal,” = 29 MURRAY ST.. NEW YORE. Square and Hexagon Bars, for Pump 144 HIGH ST., BOSTON. Piston Rods and Bolt Forgings. Suitable for Spinning, Drawing, Stamp- ss Boiler and Condenser Tubes, 199 LAKE ST., CHICAGO, Seamless Tubes. ; , @ MILL + FACTORIES 2 99 John Street, - . New York. Ing and dewelers’ Work TMOMASTON, C CONN. _ WATERBURY, CONN. Brass, German Silver, Bronze and Randolph-Clowes Co., Copper in Sheets, Wire, Rods, Brazed|f§ SCOVILL MFG. CO., . . ° ° . Manufacturers of Main Office and Mill, and Seamless Tubing. Metallic Eye- BRASS, WATERBURY, CONN. lets, Shells, Ferrules and small brass CERMAN SILVER MANUFACTURERS OF wares of every description. Sheets, Rolls, Wire SHEET BRASS & COPPER. Rods, Bolts and Tubes, peazeo seuss « comer $|! Deoxidized Babbitt. ||] ™sceen tame Sere TUBES. SPECIAL BRASS GOODS TO ORDER SEAMLESS BRASS Factories, WATERBURY, CONN. & COPPER TUBES NEVER HAS BEEN BEATEN. NEW YORK, CHICAGO, BOSTON. ‘TO 36 IN. DIAM. New York Office, 253 Broadway, Postal Tel- oni eeraPh Bide, Room 22. Bridgeport Deoxldized Bronze & Metal Co. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Boston Office, Cor. Oliver and Purchase Sts. BRIDGEPORT, CONN. AGENTS FOR Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co. oman - . DEALERS IN r | e COPPER, TIN, SPELTER, Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., ' LEAD, ANTIMONY. t - N York LA SALLE, ILLINOIS. 100 John Street, ew York. SMELTERS OF SPELTER Arthur T: Rutter AND MANUFACTURERS OF SUCCESSOR TO SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC ACID. Special Sizes of Zinc cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates. WILLIAM S. FEARING Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lith hers’ ‘ Seheabes Ghosts for ates all aieren, 256 Broadway, NEW YORK. Stove and Washboard Blanks. Small tubing in Brass, Copper, ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. Steel, Aluminum, German Silver, &c. Sheet Brass, Copper and Ger- man Silver. Copper, Brass and UU ah J / We Ma KI German Silver Wire. Brazed and = Seamless Brass and Copper Tube. WAN her de 5 Copper and Brass Rod. 6 8‘74 West Monroe St., Chicago. 66 be 99 NMS UEDA EU ACU CAMEO: UTIVTTIT Medes a PHONO-E LECTRIC VWiIiIRLE “1's Tova.” 5 Wheel, $3.25 | Founders, Finishers. TROLLEY, R.A.HART, BATTLE CREEK. micn. |W: G- ROWELL & CO., BRIDGEPORT, CONN. |. TELEPHONE ae Phono-Electric and HEN DRICKS BROTH ERS TELEGRAPH Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, . LINES. MANUFACTURERS OF Mills, Braziers’ Bolt and Sheathing unpeepent, BRIDGEPORT BRASS C0., COPPER, <onpmnpieimantaaimememtane -- ee COPPER WIRE AND RIVETS. Importers and Dealers in Ingot Copper, Block Tin, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, etc. 49 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK. 7. F. WELCH MPG. CO.. 63 SUDBURY STREET, BOSTON NoPenaae. "“** | BRASS, BRONZE and ALUMINUM CASTINGS, 4 Wheel, $3.00 | is | a RK. er, rer, ‘er- and and ibe. THB IRON AGE THURSDAY’ The Robinson Automatic Polishing Machine. The Art Stove Company of Detroit, Mich., have in troduced an automatic polishing machine designed by W. V. Robinson, the superintendent of the works. The machine, as shown in the engraving, consists of a track about 22 feet long, placed about 3 feet above the floor Along the center of the track runs an endless chain which travels the length of the table in about 7 minutes Along this track, and gripping the chain as a cable ear grips its cable, are work holders so designed as to hold the casting to be polished. As the casting is moved along the track it is oper NE 12, 1902 means of which the pressure of the wheel can be recu- lated As stated above, there are now five wheels, but the machine will be extended so as to carry two more in the form of oilers or finishers. This part of the work is now being done in the old way, but with the additional wheels all the work will be done by the machine, except perhaps the finishing off of the edges on peculiarly shaped castings a The machinists of Pittsburgh and vicinity are pre- paring to make a demand for an increase in wages amounting to at least 10 per cent. During the past two Pitt ROBINSON AUTOMATIC POLISHING MACHINE ated upon by five wheels, representing the successive processes used in polishing by hand. At the present time there are three roughing and two finishing wheels employed. At the end of the track the work holder runs up an incline, is released from the chain, and carried back to the starting point for a second trip. The wheels which do the work are earried by arms connected with an eccentric which gives them a for- ward and backward motion at right angles with the track. The wheels are driven by belts from an over- head shaft receiving power from an electric motor. This arrangement is clearly brought out in the engrav- ing. The movement imparted by the eccentric can be regulated to suit the size of the casting operated upon. Above each of the arms is a counterbalance by weeks they have been strengthening their organization, and it is stated that at least 500 new members have been taken into the various lodges of the International Association of Machinists which make up the Machin- ists’ District Council, with headquarters in Pittsburgh. The Pittsburgh Coal Company, who virtually con- trol the Northwest railroad coal service, have made an- other move to shut off opposition They have bought the Pittsburgh & Castle Shannon Railroad and mines and will use the road to thwart the plans made by the Pittsburgh Terminal Coal Company, who had intended to develop, by means of the now building West Side Belt Railway, 12,000 acres of coal land in Lower St. Clair Township THE The Railroads of the World. The Archiv fiir Eisenbahnwesen, which has now for many years published statistics of mileage of the rail- roads of all countries in the world with some other data, says the Railroad Gazette, gives a somewhat more ex- tended review in its last number, in which the figures are brought up to 1900, and so make a record of the work of the last century. The mileage built in each dec- ade has been for the world: 1830-40 4,772 101,081 1840-50 19,198 152,179 1850-60 43,160 107,421 1860-70 63,255 The mileage built before 1830, insignificant in amount, is included with the 4772 miles credited above to the decade 1830-1840. Decreased Construction in the Last Decade. Of the total of 491,066 miles completed at the end of the century, more than one-half had been built since 1880 and nearly three-fourths since 1870. The total built in the 40 years down to 1870 (130,385 miles) was one-seventh less than the construction in the single dec- ade ending with 1890. It is notable, however, that in the last decade of the century 44,758 miles less were built than in the preceding ten years. This is one of the in- dications that the civilized and productive industrial countries of the world are now generally well equipped with these instruments of transportation. Europe (ex- cept Russia) and North America have immediate need of no large additions to their mileage. There is still abundant room for railroads in Asia, Africa and South America, but the slow growth of industries on these continents, two of which are over rather than under populated, but whose population is to a great extent a bar to progress such as Europe and North America have had in the past century, gives no promise of rapid rail- road extension. Activity on the Eastern Continent, Nevertheless, the most notable development cf the last decade has been the greater activity in Asia and Afric:. In Asia, until after 1890, there was scarcely any railroad except in British India—a very little in Asia Minor, a beginning in Russia and Japan. But the 20,- 860 miles in Asia in 1890 had become 37,477 miles in 1900, and the 6118 miles in Africa 12,501. The addi- tions, considering the size of the continents, are small: but they are only beginnings, and considerable new ad- ditions have been made since 1900, chiefly the Siberian Railroad in Asia and the Uganda in Africa. It is prob- ably not generally known that even in this last decade it is India and not Russia which leads in railroad con- struction in Asia: India had added 6982 miles (42 per cent.) to the 16,781 it had in 1890, while the additions in Asiatic Russia were but 4622 miles. In Europe more railroad was built from 1890 to 1900 than in the previous decade, but less than from 1870 to 1880. The increase in the last decade was due wholly to Russia, where it was 10,659 miles, against 4413 miles in the previous decade. In the rest of Europe 29,700 miles were built from 1880 to 1890, and only 26,418 in the following decade. Diminished Construction in America and Australia, The most notable change in the last decade, how- ever, is the decrease in construction in North America, which was so long the great field for railroad construc- tion. With 2834 miles built in 1840, the increase in mile- age for successive decades has been: 1840-50 9,099 1870-80 1850-60 23,644 1880-90 1860-70 1890-1900 Thus the new construction on this continent in the last decade was 60 per cent. less than from 1880 to 1890, and even 20 per cent. less than from 1870 to 1880. The decrease in the last decade was common to Canada and Mexico as well as to the United States. It was alto- gether healthy. Both this country and Canada, at least, are richer to-day than they would have been if they had built as much railroad in the last decade as in the one preceding it. Fully $2,000,000,000 more than has actual- ly been expended for new railroads would have been IRON AGE, June 12, 1902 required; and the indications are that the capital thus saved has been most profitably employed in productive industries—in industries which give the railroads traffic to carry. South and Central America (including West Indies) do not cut much of a figure in the railroad world, hav- ing now altogether only 29,071 miles, or less than Asia. But down to 1870 this territory had only 2257 miles, and in 1880 even only 7292 miles. Three-fourths of its mile- age was built in the last 20 years of the century, 11,656 miles from 1880 to 1890 and 10,117 from 1890 to 1900. ™wo-thirds of the South American mileage is in Argen- tina and Brazil. Australia also has slackened its pace in railroad con- struction. It has room for more roads, but not people enough as yet to support them, and it grows slowly. It had 1097 miles in 1870, added 3780 by 1880, 6863 more by 1890 and only 3185 in the last decade of the century. Australia now has 14,925 miles, counting the 89 miles in the Hawaiian Islands. Comparison of Several Quarters of the Globe, The mileage in each of the six quarters of the globe’ in 1900 was: Europe Asia 176,212 37,477 12,501 North America South America Australia 220,880 29,071 14,925 Thus North America alone has more railroad than Europe and Asia together; the three old continents to- gether have 226,190 miles; the three new ones, 264,776. The indications now are that the Old World will before long overtake the new one. As the Old World has near- ly double the area and no less than nine times the pop- ulation of the new, this would seem inevitable if it makes any progress. In the closing single year of the century, 1900, the increase in railroad mileage for the whole world was 2.2 per cent., against 2.8 per cent. in the previous year. More than half the gain was in America, and nearly all of that in North America. In all Europe 3224 miles were opened, Russia leading with 1036 miles. In length of railroad Russia now stands next to the United States among nations, but at a long distance, with 35,411 miles (in Europe and Asia), against our 193.304. But if we take the whole British Empire, it is far ahead of Rus- sia, having in all 83,822 miles. Thus the English speak- ing countries have 277,128 miles, or 56 per cent. of the railroads of the world. As to the population per mile of railroad, one of the most important facts shown by these statistics, there is no important change since we commented on it last year. We are now, however, building railroads in this country faster than the population is growing, though at a very moderate rate, indeed, compared with what we have done in other prosperous periods. We had but 383 inhabitants per mile of railroad in 1900, Europe had 2267 and British India had 12,400. On the other hand, Canada had but 294 and Australia 306. The Archiv gives a table, doubtless as correct as is attainable, showing the capita] invested in the railroads of the different countries. The aggregate for the world is the stately figure of $32,661,696,000, of which no less than $18,170,114,000 has been invested in 162,225 miles of Kuropean railroads, which have an average capital of $119,593 per mile; while the average of 263,356 miles in the other parts of the world is $55,034 per mile. As there are 65,000 miles whose capital is not reported, we are safe in assuming that the world has $36,000,000,000 invested in its railroads. This enormous legacy, created entirely in the nine- teenth century, is only part of the material inheritance which the twentieth century has received from the nine- teenth, though it is less doubtless, even in pecuniary value, than its intellectual inheritance. The vast in- crease in production made possible by this knowledge and these tools should make a better life possible to all the world’s inhabitants, freeing the poorest from the ne- cessity of sordid drudgery from early childhood to old age, and lengthening the part of life devoted to culture rather than to material production. How far this may really result, however, depends upon ethical qualities, which we will not presume to estimate. June 12, 1902 THE IRON AGE. 3 The Treasury Department and Russia. Secretary Shaw Refuses to Reverse Secretary Gage, WASHINGTON, D. C., June 10, 1902.—Since Secretary Shaw succeeded Mr. Gage at the head of the Treasury Department a number of communications have been re- ceived from prominent manufacturers and exporters whose business has been more or less affected by the decree of the Russian Government increasing the duties on certain iron and steel products in retaliation for the assessment of countervailing duties on Russian sugars, in which the new Secretary is urged to reverse the action of his predecessor as a basis for a settlement of the controversy with the Russian Government. Several of the largest houses exporting machinery of all kinds, machine tools, &¢., have joined in this movement, as suming, no doubt, that the Treasury Department, hav ing taken the initiative in the matter, has it in its power to withdraw the ruling on which the retaliatory action of Russia was based. Secretary Shaw has made a very careful investigation of the facts in connection with the original ruling and of the present status of the con- troversy in the light of existing law, and has found himself obliged to reply adversely to the applications received. The position of the Department, as stated by Secretary Shaw in a letter to a prominent machinery exporting house, is as follows: “The Department is in receipt of your letter with inclosures suggesting a recision of circular No. 10 of Fepruary 14, 1901, declaring the net amount of the bounties granted or bestowed by Russia on the export o* sugars. In reply I have to inform you that the exist ence of the bounty in question has been affirmatively settled by three tribunals of this Government—to wit, the Board of United States General Appraisers, the United States Circuit Court and the United States Cir- cuit Court of Appeals—and also by two international conferences held in the city of Brussels, respectively in the years 1898 and 1902, with a view to securing the abolition of the bounties on sugar, and under the con- vention concluded at Brussels on March 5, 1902, ‘the high contracting parties agree to impose a special duty on the importation into their respective territories of sugars from countries that grant bounties either on pro- duction or export. The duties shall not be less than the amount of the bounties, direct or indirect, granted in the country of origin. The high contracting parties re- serve to themselves, as far as each of them is concerned, the option to prohibit the importation of bountied su- gars.’ “The Secretary of the Treasury has no discretion in this matter, for the reason that, the existence of the bounty having been conclusively established, he could not disregard the mandatory provisions of section 5 of the act of July 24, 1897, requiring such bounty to be ascertained and declared and countervailing duty as- sessed in an amount equal thereto. “The decision of the Circuit Court of Appeals is binding on the Secretary of the Treasury; but even were it not, the provisions of section 2 of the act of March 3, 1875, would not permit the revocation of the circular in question except in concurrence with an opinion of the Attorney-General recommending the same; and it is extremely doubtful, if not altogether improbable, that the Attorney-General would enter upon this question, and particularly so at the present time, inasmuch as it is now pending before the Supreme Court of the United States on a writ of certiorari is- sued at the instance of the importers. In the ab- sence of a decision adverse to the Government, a contingency which the Department has no reason to anticipate in view of the well-known facts, this whole question is now entirely outside of and beyond the jurisdiction of the Treasury Department. “IT may state for your information that the retalia- tory action of the Russian Government, as this Depart- ment is advised, was based upon an administrative con- clusion that the assessment of countervailing duty under section 5 constituted a discrimination against Russian sugars; whereas the fact is that the existence of the Russian bounty having been affirmatively established, the Secretary of the Treasury would have most unjustly discriminated against all other bounty paying countries had he failed to declare the bounty and assessed counter- vailing duty on Russian sugars. But even in this phase of the question the matter is not one for the Treasury Department, and, therefore, the suggestion has been made to the Secretary of State for his consideration whether the action of the Russian Government is not in violation of its treaty obligations with this country as outlined in the treaty of 1832. “TI have endeavored to answer your letter in such a manner as to make clear to you the exact situation as it exists and to correct the very general though erro- neous impression that, the law and the facts to the con- trary notwithstanding, the Secretary of the Treasury has discretionary power to alleviate a condition ocea- sioned by an utter, although perhaps unwitting, miscon- ception. In this country, when importers feel them selves aggrieved by the action of customs officers in the assessment and collection of duties, the courts are open to them for the redress of injuries sustained. The Treas- ury Department is not aware that similar privileges are not accorded Russian importers.” The closing paragraph of the Secretary’s letter refers to the right which it is understood Russian importers of American machinery affected by the decree have to ap- peal from the assessment made under the decree, on the ground, first, that the assessment of countervailing duties on Russian sugars was not a “ discrimination within the meaning of the law invoked by the Russian Minister in issuing the decree, for the reason that similar duties are levied against the products of several other nations, and, see- ond, because the decree is in direct violation of article 6 of the treaty of 1832 between Russia and the United States, which provides that “no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the United States of any article the produce or manufacture of Rus sia, and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the Empire of Russia of any ar- ticle the produce or manufacture of the United States than are or shall be payable on the like article being the produce or manufacture of any other foreign coun try.”’ As Russia levies increased duties only on American ” against Russian commerce products while the United States levies countervailing duties on products of numerous countries, the Treasury officials believe that Russian importers have a strong case against the decree in force. We Ee. oo Conference of Canadian Boards of Trade. Toronto, June 7, 1902.—Delegates from the boards of trade of the cities and leading towns of the Do- minion met here on Wednesday morning and spent three days in the discussion of questions of national, not to say imperial, concern. This commercial congress was called by the Toronto Board of Trade, which issued in- vitations to all the other boards to send representatives and resolutions expressing local business opinion upon broad Canadian questions. The object was to bring out and express the collective sense of the mercantile asso- ciations of the country upon such matters as might be brought up at the coming imperial conference in Lon- don. In that conference, which is to be held before the Colonial Premiers return from the coronation proceed- ings, Canada will be represented by Sir Wilfrid Laurier and one or more other Ministers, and it was to inform these as to the business sentiment of the country on specific questions that the congress was held. On the subject of preferential trade the following resolution was passed: Whereas, The Imperial Government has changed its fiscal policy by imposing a duty upon certain imports ; Whereas, In the resolution adopted by the London Congress of Chambers of Commerce of the Empire, held in June, 1900, It was stated that an advantageous mmercial bond is one of the stronecst links in the national unity, and that the maintenance and strenyzthening of trade is the keystone of a nation’s success- ful development ; Whereas, It is the opinion of this Conference of Boards of Trade of the Dominion that it is imperative in the interests of the empire that some practical steps should be taken toward consummating such an arrangement ; Whereas, The Br'tish colonies are admittedly rich in natural ORG ae i 4 THE IRON AGE. Ae prenatal teen resources, possessing as they do vast areas of arable and mineral lands as yet undeveloped, and those colonies are even now pro- ducing, in rapidly increasing quantities, grain, flour, cheese, butter, live stock, as well as the yield of the fisheries, forests and mines, all of which are continually required by the British consumer ; Resolved, That this conference is of opinion that Great Brit- ain can serve best the interests of the empire by giving the products of her colonies a preference in her markets as against the products of foreign countries, it being believed that such preference would stimulate trade and develop colonial enter- prises, and, moreover, serve to make the colonies attractive not only to the large number of British subjects emigrating annually from the British Isles, but also to the surplus population of other countries, and at the same time benefit Great Britain by largely freeing her from dependence upon foreign countries for her food supplies. Resolved, That the Prime Minister of Canada be requested to urge at the Imperial conference the securing of a royal com- mission, composed of representatives from Great Britain and the colonies, to investigate conditions and to suggest such preferen- tial treatment of imports from the various parts of the empire as shall be best calculated to insure the fullest benefits. Tariff retaliation appears to be provided for ‘in the following resolution adopted in the place of one that more expressly aimed at Germany, which country im- poses its maximum rates on Canadian grains: That the Dominion Government is hereby respectfully urged to make such alterations in the tariff upon imports from foreign countries not having reciprocai trade relations with this country as will secure the protection of the natural products and manu- factures of Canada, and as will stimulate trade and thereby bring about closer trade relations between Canada and such for- eign countries. Resolutions were passed for the reduction of the postage rate on newspapers circulating between Canada and the United Kingdom; for the removal of the British embargo on Canadian cattle; in favor of State owned cables joining the parts of the British Empire; for a de- pot to exhibit Canadian goods in London; for a subsi- dized fast Atlantic service; for a subsidized steamship line between Canada and the Cape and Australia, and for a Pacific line; for the appointment of Canadian agents and their accrediting to foreign Governments; for measures of defense. The banquet to the delegates on Thursday night was a success. Two members of the Dominion Cabinet— Hon. Mr. Tarte and Hon. Mr. Mulock—and the Ontario Premier, Hon. Mr. Ross, made speeches. Important an- rouncements were made by the Dominion Ministers, Mr. Tarte stating that a fast Atlantic line would be afloat in the near future, and Mr. Mulock stating that a line would be subsidized to run from Canadian ports by way of the Cape to ports in Australia. Mr. Tarte further de- clared himself in favor of increasing the customs duties to any degree deemed necessary for the protection of home industries. 0, As OC. J ail acca Duty on Charcoal Bar Iron. The United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York has reported to the Treasury Department that the suits of Wheelock, Lovejoy & Co. vs. United States, and A, Milne_& Co. vs. United States, were re- cently decided in the United States Cireuit Court for that district adversely to the Government. The mer- chandise involved in the suit consisted of certain bar iron, which was returned by the appraiser as “ charcoal bar iron.” Duty was assessed under paragraph 123 of the act of July 24, 1897. The importers protested, claim- ing the merchandise to be dutiable as “iron bars in the manufacture of which charcoal had been used as fuel,” under the last proviso in paragraph 124, which claim has been sustained by the United States Cireuit Court in this case, thereby reversing the decision of the Board of General Appraisers (G. A. 4834) of January 2, 1901 (T. D. 22,708), wherein it was held that the closing pro- viso in paragraph 124 must be confined to that para- graph, and cannot be extended to paragraph 123. In passing upon this question the court ruled that the two paragraphs, 123 and 124, must be read as one for the purpose of construction, and the fact that the num- ber 124 has, for convenience of reference, been placed before the words, “ round iron in coils or rods,” does not limit the proviso to those words and the words which follow them. The Attorney-General advises the Depart- ment that no further proceedings will be direeted in these cases. June 12, 1902 Notes from Great Britain. The British Admiralty and Water Tabe Boilers. Lonpon, May 381, 1902.—As I have all along antici- pated, the British Admiralty has aot foresworn water tube boilers. It is true the Belleville has been ex- cluded. but the principle of the water tube is still ac- tively supported by the Admiralty authorities. This is abundantly evident from the contracts which have been issued this week, where the following types of boilers for the six first-class cruisers of the 1901-1902 pro gramme are thus specified: ‘Devonshire’ (Chatham Dockyard), a combination of four-fifths Niclausse and one-fifth cylindrical boilers; ‘“* Hampshire ” (Sir W. G. Armstrong, Whitworth & Co.), four-fifths Yarrow and one-fifth cylindrical; ‘“ Carnarc- von” (Beardmore & Co.), four-fifths Niclausse and one- fifth cylindrical; “ Roxburgh” (the London & Glasgow Shipbuilding Company), four-fifths Durr and one-fifth cylindrical; “ Argyll” (the Greenock Foundry Com- pany). four-fifths Babcock & Wilcox and one-fifth cyl- indrical; “ Antrim” (J. Brown & o.), four-fifths Yar- row and one-fifth cylindrical. North of England [fron Trade. The ascertainment by the accountant of production and prices of manufactured iron in the north of Eng- lang and Cleveland district was reccived by the secre- taries of the Board of Conciliation and Arbitration at Middlesbrough and Darlington this week. The produc- tion for March and April, the period covered by the re- turn, was 13,897 tons, comprising rails, plates, bars and angles, the net average price of the whole being £6 3s. 9d. There has been a reduction of 1 shilling 5 pence for March and April, making 4 shillings 11 pence in four months this year, but in the last 18 months there has been a decline of £2 2s. 2d. Although there is a de- cline in the net average prices, the tendency of the mar- ket just now is upward, plates and angles having been put up a little while since, while bars have this week risen 5 shillings per ton. Ironworkers’ wages, which are ruled by a sliding scale, have kept pace in the down- ward movement in the general course of trade. There is no reduction in this return by the sliding seale, but there was a decline given of 2% per cent. in the first two months of the year, which, added to the reductions of last year, made 20 per cent. The full advance in the brisk period was 30 per cent., so that there is still a con- siderable margin to the good. The Gellivara Mines, The Echo des Mines et de Metallurgie states that the Swedish Government has resolved to retain the rich mines of iron ore at Gellivara, which are now recog- nized to be one of the largest deposits of the mineral in Europe. The reason assigned is that the Swedish Gov- ernment desire to prevent the United States Steel Cor- poration from purchasing. I am in a position to state that this report is not true. The Government had an option upon the property pending the recent session of the Swedish Parliament. As the Parliament rose a week ago without enforcing its option, the Gellivara ore fields are now in the hands of private exploiters. In- teresting developments may be expected during the next two months. A New Move by Germany. That our German competitors are fully alive to the importance of capturing trade in British dominions is evidenced by two new developments worth recording. A school is to be established for German students who are intended for a commercial career in India, and these will be drafted direct from their German school to the Indian training centers, and there receive a_ specific commercial training. Negotiations, likewise, have been entered into with a number of Boer refugees in Ger- many with the object of enlisting them in the educa- tion of commercial students in the Taal, the Boer patois of South Africa. I have repeatedly drawn the atten- tion of contractors and others in The Iron Age to the growing importance of the Indian trade. The Germans have been sending out deputations to the far East, have been studying reports and pushing their interests in that direction whenever or wherever possible. I venture once THE June 12, 1902 again to assert that no matter how busy Americans may be supplying their home demand, the time will come, and perhaps sooner than they expect, when the Indian trade must prove of real value. The sooner the ma- chinery is set in motion for bringing American com- merce into direct relation with India and the far East, the better it will be. The British Metal Market, Opinions as to the future of the British metal mar- ket are curiously diverse. Optimism and pessimism are both observable. There have undoubtedly been exten- sive purchases of raw material, which have given rise to a hopeful feeling. This is probably due to the pros pects of immediate peace and the anticipation that, in the event of the negotiations ending satisfactorily, there will be heavy shipments to South Africa. On the other hand, it must be remembered that this possibility has been largely discounted by purchases already made, but which are not yet filled. For example, enormous pur- chases have been made of galvanized goods of one sort and another, and the galvanized manufacturers are busy upon orders already entered upon their books. Business men express the opinion that immediately [RON AGE. shillings 9 pence; part mine, 53 to 55 shillings; all mine, o7 shillings 6 pence to 62 shillings 6 pence: best ditto, 77 shillings 6 pence to 80 shillings; cold blast, 95 to 100 shillings; Northamptonshire, 51 shillings to 52 shillings 6 pence; Derbyshire, 52 to 53 shillings: Lincolnshire. 53 shillings 7 pence; North Staffordshire, 53 to 54 shillings. I‘inished iron: Marked bars, £8 10s.; Earl of Dudley’s brand, £9 2s. 6d.: second grade, £7 10s.: marked bars, £6 to £6 10s.; North bars, £6 10s. to £¢ ; angles, £7 5s. to £7 10s.; 17s. 6d.; doubles, £7 17s. 6d. to £8; 10s. to £8 6d.; galvanized corrugated sheets, f.o.b. Liverpool, £11 10s. to £11 hoop iron, t7 5s. to £7 10s.; nail rod and rivet iron, £7 5s. to £7 10s.; £6 15s. to £6 17s. 6d. Steel: Bessemer billets, £5 to £5 2s. 6d.; best Siemens billets, £5 5s. to £5 7s. 6d.; mild steel bars, £6 10s. to £7; steel plates, £6 10s. to £7 10s.; steel girders, £6 to £6 5s.: common un- Staffordshire Ts. Gd. . ) 15s. ‘ sheets, singles, £7 15s. to trebles, £S £ 12s. 1ds.: gas strip, steel angles, £5 15s. to £6 5s. 8. G. H. -———————QB——_—_ The Whalen Planer Tool. The accompanying cut represents a new combination planer tool which is being put on the market by the THE WHALEN peace is proclaimed there will undoubtedly be a great tide of prosperity in South Africa, and it is also argued that, with an enormous increase in the output of gold, business throughout the world will be excited, and we may therefore expect a continuance of the trade boom which has been so marked a feature during the last four or five years. 1 sometimes am inclined to think that we are not now suffering so much from the want of money as the want of brains, efficiency and a clear conception of what are likely to be the future wants of the con- sumers in all parts of the world. Even if we have enor- mous quantities of gold at our disposal, unless we know how to utilize the bullion to the we would probably be better without it. However, from Cape Colony and Natal good orders are being received for smiths’ iron, cart axles, railway material, and other lines of districts. The influence is being felt on the price of raw material, and there is undoubtedly a slight improvement in the prices of unmarked bars. For some of the com- other best advantage, roods consumed in those monest qualities £6 7s. 6d. is still quoted, but mak- ers are demanding 6 10s., and for better qualities £6 15s. to £7. The best trade at present these better qualities. Pig iron remains in with if anything a slightly firmer tendency. The follow- ing are the standard quotations in the Midlands of Eng- land, and may be taken as a fair representative of the price of metal goods in all parts: Pig -iron: Forge qualities, Staffordshire is being done in statu quo, cinder, 48 PLANER TOOL Cincinnati Planer Company of Cincinnati. The tool is formed with an apron and tool block and is provided with a turret movement that works in the end of the shank. It will cut in any position desired, across a sur- face, down the sides, and do right or left undercutting. In order to set the turret, the nut in the rear is loosened and the thumb nut at the side screwed down. The latter operation withdraws the locking pin, leaving the turret free to be set in any position. The main object of the tool is to do away with the lifting or dragging of large and heavy tools on the return stroke when planing side work or undercutting. It is particularly useful for plan- ing slots in the sides of a piece where a side head can- not be used to good advantage. oo It is reported that the Republic Iron & Steel Com- pany are negotiating for the purchase of the Russia mill of the American Sheet Steel Company at Niles, Ohio, which has been idle for several years. The plant contains two sheet mills, a muck train and 23 puddling furnaces. One of the single orders ever given out for locomotives has been placed by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad with the American Locomotive Company. The order requires the speedy delivery of 75 consolidated freight ten high passenger locomotives and 15 switching engines. largest engines, class THE IRON AGE. The Eight-Hour Bill in the Senate. Hearings Begin Before the Committee. WASHINGTON, D. C., June 10, 1902.—The hearings on the Eight-hour bill before the Senate Committee on Education and Labor began last week under conditions of the highest significance to manufacturers in all parts of the country. At the opening session Chairman Mec Comas announced that the bill will certainly be reported, either favorably or adversely, in time for action during the present session of Congress, but he intimated that should an adjournment be taken within the next four weeks, as now seems likely, the committee will not have time to make a report at the present session. Another interesting development of the first meeting was an emphatic declaration made by Judge McCammon on be- half of the Carnegie and Bethlehem steel companies, the Cramp Shipbuilding Company, &c., and Judge Pay- son, representing the Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry I) ck Company, the Stirling Boiler Company, Bath Iron Works, &c., that these companies, in the event of the passage of the pending bill, will all withdraw absolutely from all forms of contract work for the Federal Govern ment. Additional interest was given to the first meet- ing of the Senate committee by the fact that a delega- tion representing the National Association of Manufac- turers appeared in opposition to the bill in accordance with a resolution adopted at the Indianapolis conven- tion of the association, as reported in The Iron Age. Those in attendance upon the first meeting of the Senate committee in addition to Messrs. McCammon and Payson were ex-Senator Anthony Higgins, representing the Harlan & Hollingsworth Company; Daniel A. Tomp- kins, A. B. Farquhar and Charles M. Jarvis, represent- ing the National Manufacturers’ Association, and Sam- uel Gompers and A. Furuseth of the American Federa- tion of Labor. Mr. Gompers was asked to take the lead in discuss- ing the bill, to which he demurred and urged that the evidence given before the House committee be accepted in lieu of additional arguments, but Chairman McComas promptly declined to accept this suggestion, and insisted that the committee “ would be derelict in the opinion of all if we should go to the Senate and say that we had heard that some other people had had this bill before them and considered it and decided what they ought to do, and therefore we felt we could neglect our duty and make no inquiry about this bill.” Mr. Gompers then stated that he was not prepared to proceed until the next meeting of the committee, whereupon Judge McCammon took occasion to state that he would be prepared to reply after Mr. Gompers had concluded. In- cidentally, however, he said that he would speak for many unorganized men as well as for the manufacturers. laboring Judge McCammon Opposes the BIll. “The laboring men,” said he, “ will be more injured than the manufacturer by the passage of this bill. The manufacturer can protect himself by refusing to under- take Government business, as most of the manufactur- ers will if this bill becomes a law. I say ‘most;’ I mean the large ones, the ones I represent, and some others of which I have heard. Of course, there are a very large number of smaller manufacturers, whose business it is to manufacture small articles for the use of the Government, who will go on (I am premising that this bill becomes a law) and undertake to work for the Government under its provisions. lt is the laboring man in such an establishment who will suffer, simply because his individuality is déstroyed. His right to la- bor more than eight hours, his right to accumulate, is taken away from him. In other words, he will be a vie- tim of a despotism of law that says to him, ‘ You shall not labor one single minute or beyond hours during the day.’ ” At this point Senator Harris of Kansas asked wheth- er the bill would prevent an employee from working eight hours on Government work and an hour er two on private work for the same employer on the same day, second eight June 12, 1902 upon which Judge Payson insisted that the question should be answered by Mr. Gompers, who, after several evasive replies, said: “ We are the advocates of an eight-hour day, and the limitation of a day’s work to eight hours by consent with our employer in all cases where that can be done. Where Government work enters into the operations of a plant, either in part or in whole, we expect that eight hours shall constitute a day’s work by law and the lim itation of a day’s work.” Government Contracts to Be Used as a Club, Senator Harris then called attention to the fact that according to its title the bill is “An act limiting hours of daily and mechanics employed upon work done for the United States,” and suggested that title would not cover the scope of the Dill as construed by Mr. Gompers. He then asked Judge Payson to give his opinion as to whether employees working eight hours on Government work might, under the bill, work overtime on private work, to which the Judge replied: “It is the intention of those who favor this bill (and they will be frank enough to avow it) to use the club of a Government contract to compel an eight-hour day in industrial this country where Government contract is used for any purpose. This is the intention and that is the construction which has been placed upon that language for the last six years. Now the question is whether or not the language is sus- ceptible of that construction. That language means, in iny judgment, that wherever a portion of a day is occu pied by an employee of a contractor having so-called Government work, no more than eight hours’ work can be exacted by that contractor from that man upon any This bill goes further than has ever been inti- mated here. It has been time and again avowed by gen tlemen representing organized labor—I refer to Mr. Gom- pers and those associated with him—that the object of this legislation, the intent and purpose of having it en- acted into law, is to bring an eight-hour day in private employment as such. If I could make it any stronger than that I would be very glad to do so, and I think Mr. (ompers would be glad to have me, because that is his avowed purpose. It has been expressed time and time again. That is to say, Congress is to be asked to do in- directly by this bill what if it were to attempt to do directly by an enactment without any subterfuges as to words or sentences would not receive consideration for one minute.” Referring to a statement made by Mr. Gompers to the effect that the bill would be very beneficial and would work no injurious results, Judge Payson asserted with much warmth that the manufacturers whom he represented and hundreds of other firms in similar lines of industry would be affected not only injuriously, but in many instances absolutely disastrously. The House of Representatives, he said, had never given any atten- tion to the measure, for while it had passed the House on two occasions, “in both instances it passed under a motion to suspend the rules, and in neither instance was there a word of discussion upon either side, and in the present Congress not ten men in the House voted upon it one way or the other.” Referring especially to the effect of the bill upon the interests which he represented, Judge Payson made the following interesting statement: service of laborers such every establishment in work. Important Establishments May Refuse Government Work. “T wish to say that the amount of work done for the Government in practically every one of the different in- dustrial establishments which would be affected by this bill is so small, relatively, that if required to attempt to reduce everything to an eight-hour day (which they would not do and could not do, for reasons which we shall show later) we would be driven to the alternative of giving up Government work. I do not say this as a matter of threat or anything of that kind, and it will not be so understood, but I am simply stating what the situation is as the men believe who have charge of these enterprises. “T am authorized to say to this committee, after an interview this morning with the president of our com- June 12, 1902 Yili IRON AGE pany, who is now in the city, as the resalt of a meeting of his directors on Saturday last in New York, that if this bill should become a law the Newport News Ship- building & Dry Dock Company would be compelled to give up undertaking to do Government work. We do no small amount of work at our plant. We have already built and delivered the ‘ Kearsarge,’ the ‘ Kentucky’ and the ‘Illinois... We have now on the stocks the ‘Virginia,’ the * West Virginia,’ the ‘ Maryland,’ the ‘Charleston’ and two or three smaller craft that I am not able to name—in short, a large amount of Govern- ment work. But, on the other hand, the amount of mer- chant work and merchant repairing that we do is such that in view of the fact, as I have told you, that it would be a practical impossibility to undertake to keep the two systems running side by side, I am authorized by the president of the company to say that it was the conclusion of the Board of Directors, at their meeting on last Saturday, that if this bill should become a law we should have to give up undertaking Government work. They authorized me to say that at the next meeting of the committee as coming directly from them. And this is also true of other establishments, as we shall show to you, not only by the testimony already given, but by additional testimony.” Position of the National Association of Manufacturers, Daniel A. Tompkins, the spokesman of the committee of the National Manufacturers’ Association, stated that the association, in passing resolutions against the bill, had acted upon the measure as they found it, but that it would be the purpose of his committee to investigate its probable operation, and for that purpose he would attend the hearings. “We desire to express to you,” said he, “the appre- hension of the manufacturers in their convention that the effect of the bill as it now stands, if it should be passed, would be very injurious, not only to the manu- facturing interests and the commercial interests, but also to a great deal of labor. We do not believe it pos- sible to have a condition in which labor is equally con- trolled in every part of the United States. We believe, for instance, that the advantages of New England, where capital is abundant, where skill has been accumulating for years in manufacturing pursuits, and where educa- tional systems have been pushed to a degree of perfec- tion that is rare in other parts of the United States, must be offset in new communities and in sections of count