The Iron Age 1899-12-21: Vol 64 Iss 25

| THE A Review of the Hardware, Iron, Machinery |; Published every Thursday Morning by David Williams Co., 23: «(0 J] BEILOST HHS Vr SP OoTr ws ray wh oN $G:39,, ¥) (3 ate \e83 ) : IRC GE ~- des, od uoIsusyse M PINIWNASE uy « New York. Vol. LXIV: No. 2 Reading Matter Contents ........page 48 Alphabetical Index to Advertisers ** {31 Classified List of Advertisers . we Advertising and Subscription Rates ‘* 55 New York, Thursday, December 21, 1899. $4.50 a Year, including Postaga Single Copies, Ten Cents. Dynamo St Louis, Mo. Boston. BELTING: New Yorx. Phila Republic Iron & Steel Co., - CHICAGO. MANUFACTURERS BESSEMER STEEL BARS. DISTRICT SALES OFFICES: Buffalo, N. Y. New York City. Cleveland, O. St. Louis, Mo. Cincinnati, O. Birmingham, See our advertisement on inside back cover. Bristol’s Patent Steel Belt Lacing, SAVES Time, Belts, Money. Greatest Strength READY TOAPPCY FINISHED VOWT with Least Me Send for Circulars and Free Samples. THE BRISTOL CO., Waterbury, Conn. SAMSON SPOT CORD Ala. Also Massachusetts and Phenix Brands of Sash Cord. SAMSON CORDAGE WORKS, - Boston, Mass, a H OFFIOR: 11 _ New York. omit City Forge and iron Co., - Cleveland, O. DROP HAMMERS. MANUFACTURED BY MERRILL BROS., Brooklyn, N. Y. FORGINGS. PILLING & CRANE Sitar? Buttging, Phitada Lewis Block, Pittsburgh. 23 to 5 per cent. saved on galvanized iron is 5 to 10 in the wages account. Apollo Iron and Steel Company, Pittsburgh, | U. M. Z. Smokeless Shells Nitro Powder. «U.T1.C. No. 3”’ Primers. All sportsmen know that the hands and arms, in shooting, become accustomed to the recoil produced by any uniform charge —and that unexpected variations load will in the make a perceptible difference in their marksmanship. The absolute uniformity of charge in U. M. C. Factory-Loaded Shells, and the close attention paid to every detail, insure their accuracy and reliability under all conditions. Union Metallic Cartridge Zo. Bridgeport, Conn. Ageary. . 313 Spennenty ’ > New York. SSIGAHALL BOILERS n= CAPEWELL HORSE NAILS. NEW YORK, PHILADELPHIA, CHICAGO, ST. LOUIS, BOSTON, DETROIT, CINCINNATI, SAN FRANCISCO, PORTLAND, ORE., BUFFALO, BALTIMORE, NEW ORLEANS. THE CAPEWELL HORSE NAIL COMPANY, HARTFORD, CONN. BRANCHES: Compare Weights WHEN YOU ARE TOLD THAT JENKINS ’96 IS MORE EXPENSIVE THAN OTHER PACKINGS. JENKINS STANDARD PACKING Average weight, yA" “Jenkins °96,"’ 11 lbs. to the square yard. GED (Even> %"” Red Packing, 4 “ At 60c. per pound “JENKINS °96” is not only very = nee cheaper, but the best joint packing manufactu JENKINS BROS., New York, Boston, Philadelphia, otaniaia Brass Prices High, So Use Bright “Swedoh” Stamp- sex 122 ing Steel, Easily Brass Plated and Save Money. ™#* MAGNOLIA METAL Best Anti-Friction Metal for all Machinery Bearings. Beware ot Imitations. Genuine Magnolia Metal is made up in bars of which this is a fac-simile: * “The name and trade- box and bar, and the in United states” and are stamped 0a the un- der side of each bar. "Magness poanen. as —_ Prag — ar at the same price it has always sold at—No advance.” Manrufacturets. co Off'ce, £ ‘leve land, MAGNOLIA METAL CO., 266 & 267 WEST ST.. NEW YORK, Zibe,siausicg. sSquin Water 1 Dearborn St. " Street mark appear on each words “*Manufac tured “Pacented June 8, °90,’ 2 THE IRON AGE THE ANSONIA BRaAss pg? GOPPER Co. MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS AND COPPER Seamless Tubes, Sheets, Rods and Wire ingot Copper. | Waterbury Brass Co. Established 1845. Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, German Silver, Copper, Brass and Ger- SOLE MANUFACTURERS Tobin Bronze (TRADE-MARK REGISTERED.) Condenser Plates Pump Linings, Round, man Silver Wire, Brass and Copper Tubing. Square and Hexagon Bars, for Pump COPPER RIVETS AND BURS. Piston Rods and Bolt Forgings TAPE MEASURES, 99 John Street, New York. METALLIC EYELETS, Brass Kettles, Brass Tags, Powder Flasks, Shot Pouches, &c., f PH 8 CLOWEs AND SMALL BRASS WARES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. ‘ ANDO LP Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells ULI LILA A cOWM, a Specialty. 7 ak A 60 C $ vom. | 126 Eddy St., Provi entre St., New York. y St., Provi- SH EET#BRASSs & COPPER. BRAZED BRASS dence, R. |. 38 Mechanic St., Newark, N. J. MILLS AT WATERBURY, CONN. Deoxidized Genuine Babbitt used by United States Govern- ment in some of FASTEST TORPEDO BOATS. Write us about it. Bridgeport Deoxidized Bronze & Metal Co., BRIDGEPORT, CONN. & COPPER TUBES. SEAMLESS BRASS & COPPER TUBES” 38 "DIAM. 2} AN DEPOT. 226 LA r eo ICAGO ILL) = Sr, NEW YORK, AOOM 202, POSTAL TELEGRAPH ih bs LAUVELPHIA a: See BA o BLOG CNC NNATIO. ROOM 308 NEAVE BLOG. Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Co., LA SALLE, ILLINOIS, SMELTERS OF SPELTER AND MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET ZINC AND SULPHURIC ACID. Special] Sizes of Zinc Selected Plates for Etchers’ and Lithographers’ use Selected Sheets for Paper and Card Makers’ use Stove and Wasnboard Blanks. cut to order. Rolled Battery Plates ZINCS FOR LECLANCHE BATTERY. Bargain—Shafting ere No. 1—Makers, Dodge Mfg. Co.; Adjustable Ball and | No. 8—Similar to above only wick oilers. Socket Double Brace Hange rs, with chain oil- 114 20-in. drop, 2 15-16 in. shaft, list,. . . «820.40 ing bearings " 21 W-in. drop, 27-16 in. 7 ccosee 146.0 88 30-in. drop, 2 15-16 in. shaft, list... .. 25.5 o. 4—Plain Cast Iron Box, not self- -otling. B epee. CEs. His + Seat aoe a ++ | 25 16-in drop, 23-16 in. shaft, list.. 12.00 = 18-in. 2 15-16 In. ' 59'15 | No. 5—Makers, Falls Rivet and Machine Co. ; Wick ttm n 16 ine - * sean | Oiling, Double Brace, Detachable B. ttom. ; No. 2—Same as above only single brace | 9 a1 to 31 im. argp. fisiein: — ‘. _ sesecs ite 54 20-in. drop, 2 15-16 in. shaft, list. . 2040 | No 6—Lane & Bodley, Chain Oiling, Double Brace, 614in. “ 2 3-16 in. . Detachable Bottom. - 11.40 | i 12-in. 2 3-16 in. 10.90 30 30-In drop, 2 15-16 in. shaft, list Discount, 7O, 10 and 5 per cent. MACHINISTS’ SUPPLY CO., - ROCHESTER, N. Y. HENDRICKS BROTHERS PROPRIETORS OF THE Belleville Copper Rolling Mills, MANUFACTURERS OF Brasiers’, Bolt and Sheathing COPPER COPPER WIRE AND RIVETS. Importers and Dealers in Ingot Copper, Block Tin, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, etc. 49 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK. THE PLUME & AtTwooo Mr6. Ge., Sheet and Roll Brass WIRE PRINTERS’ BRASS, JEWELERS’ METAL, GERMAN SILVER AND GILDING METAL, COPPER RIVETS AND BURRS. Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kere- sene Burners, Lamps, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 29 MORRAY ST., NEW YORK. 144 HIGH ST., BOSTON. 199 LAKE ST., CHICAGO, ROLLING MILL : | THOMASTON, CONN. SCOVILL MFG. C0., Manufacturers of BRASS SHEET, WIKRE, TUBES, Hinges, Buttons, Lamp Goods, Nipples, Pumps and Oilers for Bicycles, Braziers’ Solder. Factories, WATERBURY, CONN. DEPOTS: Chicago, FACTORIES : WATERBURY, CONN, New York, Boston. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, AGENTS FOR. Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co., DEALERS IN COPPER, TIN, SPELTER, LEAD, ANTIMONY. 100 John Street, New York. WILLIAM 8. FEARING, 256 Broadway, NEW YORK, SELLS TO THE TRADE Sheet Brass, Fancy Sheet Brass, German Silver, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire, Brazed and Seamless Brass and Copper Tubes, Brass and Cop- per Rods, Brass Ferrules, Pure Copper Wire, Sheet and Ingot Copper; Spelter, Tin, Antimony, Lead, &c. = DBAG-LIgH” OIL and GAS Bicycle Lantems: Send ter Circulars and Electretypes. THE BRIDGEPORT BRASS CCO., Bridgeport, Conn. 19 Murray 8t., N. Y. 17 No. 7th 8t., Philadelphis 85 to 87 Pearl St., Boston. TRACTS wenn ao ae paice C COR IN YOURE & beats ) reciat rence FOR wanes . SS ~ ‘THE IRON AGE. THURSDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1899. The Youngstown Blast Furnaces of the National Steel Company. After a successful career as a producer of steel billets and bars, the Ohio Steel Company of Youngstown, Ohio, under the leadership of Henry Wick, the president, de- cided to round out the plant by the erection of two mod- ern blast furnaces, so as to share the advantages of using direct metal. In the month of November, 1898, the work of construction was begun, and was being vigorously sarried on when this year the Ohio Steel Company be- “ame one of the constituent companies of the National Steel Company. The plant, which was designed by The Handling of Stock, The characteristic and most interesting feature of the plant is the handling of the stock from the car in which the material is received to the charging bell. The Youngstown plant marks a further step in the develop- ment of what may be called machine fed furnaces, of which the Duquesne furnaces were the most conspic- uous early example. Aside from the effort to further minimize the cost of labor, the cardinal principle influ- encing the design of the Ohio plant has been a highly THE NEW Thomas McDonald, general superintendent, and M. A. Neeland, chief engineer, is being erected under the super- vision of Guy R. Johnson. That part of it which was originally planned is now approaching completion, but work has only lately begun on a third furnace as an addition to the plant. The general arrangement and the relation, so far as location is concerned, to the steel works is shown in the accompanying general plan. The shipping facilities are ample, the Erie and Pittsburgh & Western railroads passing by the mill. The large, level tract is underlaid with a hard shale, nearly horizontally bedded, and the Mahoning River assures an ample water supply. Stack and Stoves of Furnace Plant. FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. important one. The combined bin and storage system as thus far developed in this country, in contradistinc- tion to the plain bin system in Europe, depends for effi- ciency and profit upon the use of drop bottom cars, which, it may be stated incidentally, require rather more labor for discharging than is usually assumed. It takes a gang of several men to remove those parts of the load of ore which are caught in corners, &¢c. But when, notably in times of car shortage, ore is loaded at the receiving ports into different types of cars, many without drop bottoms, then the bin system loses much of its efficiency. The principal consideration which led to the development of the system adopted at the ne oe wae eee r= 2 THE IRON AGE. new Ohio steel plant was that dictated by the desire to attain maximum efficiency in spite of wide differences in the type of cars supplied by the roads delivering the ore. It was this which led to the adoption, in a modified form, of the car unloader used in the coal shipping trade, December 21, 1899 useful as a preliminary to the more detailed description of plant and equipment. The ore trains are gathered on a series of four storage tracks 650 feet long, from which each individual car is allowed to run by gravity to a track which leads to the car dumping machine. In its rz Ir a 0. BOILER Hoy i “a j/ ) | J / | A v4 J Va / Y / A I) / i || | | j /| | he ‘ Sy 75 Nivn —EEE * | Pa ‘> w a = 4 2 | +] a } zr < ; | = re} | — | . : } \ | \ } rie w3HOLYO 18NG uw “tT SuzHsyM SVD | | 3 Qa a z= \ ‘ $A x | | a ( ,8it %, OF ‘ > | > 38NOn wzW08 ‘2 4 a ? > 2 LO) i x ‘o tt 2° ( | Bib X,0F i L & | Ps 3SNOK ¥z108 — > oe) } t- | 9) | | 4 3 7 z | z = ° | ° ra n z ' ra) which is based upon the plan of tilting over the full car, discharging its contents over its side. It is hardly necessary to refer to the fact that all fur- naces dependent upon the Lake Superior mines for their supply must accumulate a certain stock of ore, for use during the winter months, and that therefore a con- siderable storage capacity is necessary. A general review of the system adopted may be R HOUSE ta 55’x 187'3 BLOWING ENGINE HOUSE ORE SAMPLING BUILOING ECTRIC POWE i BRANCH SEWER —— O3HS *OIWS ob, 908 x 88 SEE course it runs over a depressed dilly car driven by wire rope, which carries it up to the platform of the dumping machine. After being gripped, the platform, with its load, is shifted sideways and then is turned over, de- flectors distributing the load as it slides over the side of the car into a group of four bridge cars, which are mounted on two transfer cars. Thence the ore is conveyed to the bridge which spans Fig. 2.—General Plan of the New Furnace Plant of the National Steel Company at Youngstown, Ohio. December 21 1899 the stock yard and commands the series of bins located on the opposite side of the stock yard. One by one the four bridge contents of each may cars are run off the transfer cars. The ore either be automatically dumped upon the stock yard or direct into the proper furnace bin. The transfer cars and bridge cars are then ready to return to car dumper for a new load of ore. communicating between the bridgeand the bins, and trav- elling over the top of the latter. rials constituting the burden in turn, are dumped into the skip, which is raised upon an incline to the top of the blast furnace. pliances, we THE IRON AGE. 3 From the bins the mate- are drawn into cars which, Turning now to a more detailed description of the ap- may first consider » ™~ J ie%, deni NE a NEES hens Fad? & “ax Bes Side View of Furnace Plant. ao “ s ee ng ey eR Ls 4 LTE id eke View of Stock Yard. THE NEW The railroad ore cars, after being discharged in the car dumper, are delivered by a gravity plane. The working of the system has already been tested, 2371 tons of ore having been deposited on the stock piles by one bridge in 10 hours, which is about half of the maximum capacity. As stated, under certain circumstances the bridge may be used to deliver the ore directly into the bins. The greater part, however, will probably go into stock, from which it isscooped in 10-ton buckets, to be delivered either direct into the bins or into an electric motor transfer car FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, YOUNGS'LOWN, OGIO. The Halett Car Dumper, built by Webster, Camp & Lane of Akron, Ohio. It is designed to handle either dongolas or wood or steel hop- per cars of from 20 to 60 tons capacity. The car dumper, which is shown in engravings reproduced from photo- graphs, consisis of a substantial steel structure located at the foot of the inclined loaded ore tracks, on which is a platform to receive the car. This platform is pivoted at one side, and at a hight sufficient so that when the platform with the carload of ore is rotated around this +e 4 THE IRON AGE. axis it raises the car and, at the same time, discharges the ore over an apron into four smaller bridge cars of 17 tons capacity each, mounted on transfer cars standing alongside of the car dumper. To insure equal distribu- December 21, 1899 supplement shows the car dumper, the deflectors, bridge cars and transfer cars clearly. The car dumper is of same general design as that furnished by the Akron Company to the Buffalo, Roch- ~ ae marin 4i i TLL AT CECEII LEE \ | > | tf aT —SEre ss = \ | | H ie 4 | | | : F = = = \ a Wa | ; r \ | | >» = R \ = a E Fig. 3.—Elevation of Bins. aiilias — J FS e 530 + 270 7 069 61.10°—— 29135-1514 : : $2 > — ~ axo—> Fig 5.—Section through Ore Bin. THE NEW FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, YOUNGSTOWN, OBIO. tion of ore in the four smaller cars, movable deflectors are pivoted to the apron of the car dumper. These de- flectors are moved by a steam cylinder with cataract locking cylinder, both being under the control of the operator. ‘The engraving printed on the accompanying ester & Pittsburgh Railway, on their coal docks at Buffalo, N. Y., except that the overhead trolley for con- veying the material to vessels is omitted. Steam is sup- plied to the engine for operating car dumper from the blast furnace boilers. my eg ee g December 21, 1899 The ore cars, being located on the tracks in the stor- age yard, are run by gravity over a pit located near one end of the car dumper, in which is a disappearing car or dilly, which is drawn up out of the pit behind the load- ed car by winding drums located on the car dumper. The disappearing car carries a push bar which engages the drawhead in the ore car, pushing it up grade into the car dumper. After a loaded car is run into the car dumper, the operator sets the deflector for either a short-hopper car = a —= | ( = ) 0 u | =f Scere - = — ~~ - Ft L THE IRON AGE. 5 dicates clearly the position of these four tracks, which receive the bridge cars from the transfer cars. The Conveyor Bridges. The conveyor bridges are of 260 feet spans, with a 41-foot cantilever extension over the ore pockets at the end next to the furraces. They are mounted on a two track machine tower at the outer end and on a one-track rear tower next to the furnaces, as shown in the phote- graphs. ° oa } | “hil Tory it > Wi fe rj + ; Th Te a1 HL } fs ts] Wis etl a ila | {I ee ee eee Verses eres ene cees! . iS tee SETSVT Test ry oe i iI} a Seo | SE): ’ ne ii -- “+ + r+ -- = —y +e hb q > tai 1} i U ' ! nti? ' Hi H Hie Wet Vy ' ty : i}! I ) ee De = ' i <7” He > Nadel fl * it Hh Lt] | rae Pty ! it ' ae tits ' H H tHe itil} ' " ' u! | ' a = + ' , ' 4) 2 i || aT ot} i s | ey I sil | 3! eo! a) a, ' ' > et it tr ~ 1g! eo 6! nt a 3} ia a! | 4! | 4) Zi iT it ‘; tity ! {) til ‘ ily titi | | +++ ’ t ' ' i ' ft ' if ' ' ‘ y, ' ' ” } ‘ | ' 12'9 tia y I lt t,o | i J's | ‘4 fig 7 i n = 11 tt pil | | ri | | fil th tell ig i Bilis iol i Ht =~ Bees || TT ecco = psa —— asain Fig. 6.—Elevation of Ore Bin. THE NEW FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. with ore loaded nearly uniform through the car, or for a long dongola with ore loaded at each end over the trucks. Experience with the machine has already shown that this method is very successful. The 17-ton cars which receive the ore from the rail- Way cars are of the side-dump pattern, they being mounted, four of them side by side, on the transfer cars. The locomotive places these transfer cars under the front ore machinery tower of the conveyor in alignment with the four tracks on the conveyor, which tracks converge into one main track on the bridge, with switches which are automatically operated by the car as it passes over them. The engraving showing the conveyor bridge indi- The track on which the cars run passes up an incline from below the machinery tower and through the bot- tom chords of the bridge, thecars being drawn up this in- cline and on through the bridge and dumped at any point desired. A second track is suspended below the chords of the bridge with a trolley running thereon for rehandling the ore from the stock pile to the bin or the bin filling car. An automatic bucket is used for rehandling the ore from stock, having a capacity of 10 tons. The conveyor bridges are moved along the track at a speed of 50 feet per minute by means of gearings con- nected with two 130 horse-power General Electric motors to each bridge, which also furnish the power 6 THE IRON AGE. for handling the ore on the bridge, as well as rehandling it from the stock pile by means of suitable drums and gearing connected with the motors. The motors take their current from an overhead trolley above the machine tower. The ma- chinery is located in the main tower, and an operator's house is placed next to the bridge in a position where the operator can have an unobstructed view of the cars as they move on the bridge. The ore is dumped into a storage pit, the wall on the side next to the furnaces being 36 feet high, and that on the opposite being 24 feet high. The bridge at the lower end is 541% feet above the bottom of the pit, and 80% feet at the rear tower, giving a storage capacity of 750,000 tons. The car dumper has a capacity for handling 30 railroad cars per hour, while the conveyors each handle 30 of the 17-ton cars per hour, or an equivalent of 7% railway cars per hour. The foree required for the operation of the plant con- \ as . vA i 4 in "4 4 : Ly s Z.3x2 December 21, 1899 They are double, having six delivery chutes on each side so that they can discharge into cars upon two tracks, and are so designed that there is no dead space in them, The chutes are opened and closed by doors forming the are of a circle, which shear the stream of ore, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The ore from the bins is de- livered into side dumping scale cars, with a capacity of 20,000 pounds, electrically driven by a side trolley. There are two of these scale cars, one for each furnace. They discharge sideways direct into the furnace charging skip. The two limestone bins are 20 feet wide, 49% feet long, and have a maximum depth of :o% feet. Their capacity is 570 gross tons. The limestone is discharged into a receiving hopper, in which it is weighed. From this hopper it is delivered direct into the furnace skip by gravity. The coke bin is placed on the opposite side of the skip from the limestone bin, and is arranged to dis- charge directly into the skip. The ore scale car dis- charges its load inte the skip from the front, Fig. 7.—Chutes of Ore Bins. THE NEW FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. sists of three men to operate the car dumper, including the man who places cars in position thereon. Two oper- ators are required to each conveyor, and three men on the locomotive for moving the transfer cars. The cost of handling ore from railway car to pit or from pit to bins, is estimated at less than 1 per cent. per ton. The Stock Bins, The stock is delivered into a series of bins, disposed as shown in the plan, Fig. 2. Each furnace is provided with one limestone bin and one coke bin, and between the two groups are nine ore bins, that being the expected maximum of different grades of ore which may be used in the furnaces. Figs. 3, 4 and 5 show the general dispo- sition of these bins. The limestone and coke is delivered to the respective bins direct from the cars, which travel on the tracks running over the line of bins. There is an auxiliary rope shifter system for handling the limestone and coke ears during the night shift, so that the switching loco- motive is in service only during the day time. The ore bins, drawings of which are given in Figs. 6 and 7, are 21 feet long, 28% feet broad and 23 feet maximum depth, with a capacity each of 500 gross tons. The furnace skip has a capacity of 15,000 pounds of ore, 8000 pounds of limestone and 4000 pounds of coke. The hoisting apparatus is electrically driven and is automatically controlled, being capable of delivering per hour 40 skip loads of stock. On the same shaft as the motor are two drums; two ropes lead from one drum over the sheave on the furnace top to the skip car. From the other drum a rope runs over a sheave to the counter- weight. The greater portion of this counterweight is released as the skip nears the top; only enough weight still acts to keep the rope taut. The engine house is built over the coke and limestone bins, as shown by Fig. 3. The tower in which the counterweight acts is one of the supports for the engine house. The crew for filling the furnace consists of two men on the scale car, one man at the limestone bin and one man at the coke bin chute, who also controls the skip, and also works the bell at the top of the furnace. The Charging Machinery. The skip is discharged automatically into the receiv- ing hopper, shown in Fig. 8, this hopper having a capac- ity to take the contents of one skip load. It is arranged so as to impart to the stock discharged into it a spiral THE HULETT CAR DUMPER SHOWING DEFLECTORS TRANSFER CARS AND SIDE DUMPING BRIDGE CARS. ~ ~ jal Se Sa Bes sic me nee eae cea ae Deed + i | } = | — : —_ — _— tins . = : — GENERAL VIEW OF FURNACE PLANT FROM A POINT ON OPPOSITE SIDE OF STORAGE PIT. SHOWING COKE, LIMESTONE AND ORE BINS. THE NEW FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, AT YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. Pe Oo a Y a 2 3 a (=) c - @ cx $ Z ° = ~ > i ~ w : Oo : z = F - 8 F: W 7 ‘ we w O O ° z : 5 ok? > > : r “i a Fa 77) D be j 7 THE NEW FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, December 21, 1899 motion, thus securing a uniform mixture. The bell is handled by a 14-inch oscillating cylinder acting on a counterweighted beam, tue movement being controlled by the operator at the coke chute in the stock yard. It is lowered independently of the large bell, thus constitut- ing a gas seal. The stock falls into a main hopper hay- THE IRON AGE. 7 the stock line, and have a 12-foot bell. Fig. 9 shows a section of the hearth, which is equipped with 11 rows of Scott copper bosh plates and two upper rows of cast iron plates with coils. There are 16 6-inch bronze tuyeres. The mantle plate is of cast steel, and the eight columns have a hight of 27 feet 9 inches. Each furnace is pro- Fig. 8.— Section of Charging Machinery. THE NEW FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. ing a capacity for a burden of 30,000 pounds of ore, with corresponding amounts of coke and limestone. It is dis- charged into the furnace by the main 12-foot bell, which is controlled by the 16-inch oscillating cylinder shown in the engraving. The Furaace Stacks proper are 106% feet high, and have a 15-foot crucible and a 23-foot bosh. They are 17 feet in diameter at vided with two 5-foot explosion doors, a 2% foot bleed- er and a bifurcated downcomer 7 feet in diameter in the clear. The dust catcher has a diameter of 30 feet, and the gas is delivered through two Steese horizontal gas wash- ers, 10 feet 9% inches inside diameter and 27 feet 6 inches long over all. In the Steese washer the gas flows by a series of vertical baffle plates. Each furnace is flanked by four two-pass Cowper- Kennedy-Roberts hot blast stoves, 118 feet high and 21 feet in diameter. They are provided with side combus- tion chamber, and are built of the Roberts brick. The track, which serves both furnaces, is 225 feet high, and has an 18-foot inside diameter. The cast house has become a mere shed to protect the runner, which is arranged to provide for eight 20-ton liquid iron ladle cars, there being no provision whatever Length of col. 279 * ol ¥ n THE IRON AGE. December 21, 1899 crane. It is equipped with four hoods, heated by furnace gas. The furnaces are supplied with blast by Blowing Engines built by William Tod & Co. of Youngstown, Ohio. There are three of these. One of them has been operated for some time, the second is in place, and the third is in the hands of the builders. They are of the vertical, cross 15-0 Centre line iron notch 91 x6x 13% 7 y 7 “f/ Vili fy GUSTS fy Fig. 9.— Section of Furnace Hearth. THE NEW FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, YOUNGSTOWN, O8IO. for casting ironin sand. The plant is arranged for using direct metal at the steel plant. For Sunday metal and for possible contingencies, a Heyl & Patterson pig iron casting machine, with a capacity of 2000 tons per day, is being erected at a point between the ore yards, and the river, not shown on the general plan. The iron ladle cars are of special design, to which we shall refer fur- ther on. For the cinder there is provision for running into four cars. The latter, of the Weimer type, have a capacity of 200 cubic feet. At the place shown in the general plan there is locat- ed a ladle house, 60 x 100 feet, spanned by a 20-ton compound, condensing, quarter crank, steeple type, with steim cylinders 54 inches and 102 inches in diameter, with 60-inch stroke, and two aircylinders 108inches in di- ameter, 60-inch stroke. The total weight of the engine is 635 tons. With a steam pressure of 160 pounds gauge, and 26 inches vacuum, the engines will develop 5000 in- dicated horse-power each at 45 revolutions per minute, and will blow 57,240 cubic feet of free air per minute to a pressure of 25 pounds per square inch, A general view of the engines is shown in Fig. 10. The bed plates weigh 56 tons each, and two are required for each engine. They are made in box section, December 21, 1899 cored, and so designed as to give a total area of bot- tom plate, excepting a few small holes for removing cores, for bearing surface on the foundation. The hous- ings are bell shaped, made of two pieces, and inclose the cranks and connecting rod. The guides are circular, in one piece, and were bored out in a vertical position to 70 THE IRON AGE. y are provided with removable shells on the top and bot- tom. The tly wheel is made up in ten segments, bolted at the hub, and tied together with three shrink links at each joint in the rim. The rim section is 19 x 19 inches, and the wheel diameter is 24 feet, and the weight 70 tons. The connecting rods are of forged steel, and 12% Fig. 10.— General View of Blowing Engines, Built by THE NEW FURNACE PLANT OF THE inches diameter, with 31 inches circular bearing faces. The length of the guide bearing surface is 103 inches. The crank shaft is 18 feet long and 28 inches in diam- eter, made of forged steel, solid, and reduced to 26 inches diameter at the bearings. A conception of its size is con- veyed by Fig. 11. The crank disks are cast steel, circular and counterweighted. The weight of the shaft, the two crank disks and the fly wheel hub, shown in Fig. 11, is 56 tons. The main bearings are 26 x 44 inches, and filliam Tod & Co., Youngstown, Ohio. NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. feet between the center of the crank pin and the wrist pin, and are fitted with marine ends. The crank pins are 18 x 15 inches. The wrist pins are 16 x 16 inches. The bearing surfaces at wrist and crank pins are bab- bitted. The cross heads are cast steel, and connected to the inches The shape of the cross head permits the adoption of large bearing surfaces be- steam pistons with two piston rods each, 8 in diameter and of forged steel. 10 THE IRON AGE tween the cross heads and guides. The length of thecross head shoe is 43 inches, and the two circular faces are 31 inches wide. The high and low pressure cylinders are 54 inches and 102 inches in diameter, respectively, and the volu- metric ratio is 1 to 3.56. The stroke is 60 inches, and the piston speed at 45 revolutions per minute is 450 feet per minute. Both cylinders are equipped with Corliss valves, the high pressure vulves being 9 inches in diam- eter by 65 inches long, and the low pressure valves are 15 inches in diameter by 117% incheslong. The weights of the completed cylinders, including heads and valves, are: High pressure 20 tons, low pressure 45% tons. The governor is a pendulum type, and acts only on the high pressure cylinder, the low pressure cut off being regulated by hand. Provision is made that in case one side of the engine should be disconnected, the governor will control the side in operation. The design of the governor is such that the speed of the engine can be changed at the governor from 20 revolutions per minute December 21, 1899 rated at 7000 horse-power. The boilers are supplied with feed water by pumps located at the blooming mill, the water being heated by a Cochrane feed water heater of special design. The pumping station, located as shown in the gen- eral plan, is equipped with three horizontal duplex triple expausion Snow pumps of 6,000,000 gallons capacity each, the water being taken from the river by a 5-foot tunnel 707 feet long, driven through the rock. Two cen- trifugal pumps, of 10,000,000 gallons capacity, are used for condensing, the Worthington type of condenser hav- ing been chosen. They are used also for the low pres- sure service. A stand pipe is provided, 20 feet in diam- eter and 131 feet high, the intake being 3 feet in diameter. The Eleetric Power Plant contains the equipment for both the steel works and the furnaces. ‘The building, 55 x 187 feet, contains two 850 horse-power McIntosh-Seymour engines direct connected to two 550-kw. generators. As spares, there are two Fig.11.—Crank Shaft of Tod Blowing Engine. THE NEW FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. to 50 revolutions per minute, the governor controlling the engine at whatever speed set. The air pistons are connected to the steam pistons by one forged steel piston rod 9 inches in diameter on each side of the engine. Blowing tubs are 108 inches in diameter, and have a capacity of 57,240 cubic feet of free air per minute at 45 revolutions per minute. The air valves are operated through a wrist plate, and so ar- ranged that the movement is positive, yet would be con- trolled by the air should any accident befall the operat- ing gear. The inlet valves are cast steel and open in- wardly. The ouilet valves are pressed steel, opened by the air pressure, and are closed positively. All air open- ings are designed to have sufficient area for a piston speed of 500 feet per minute. The accompanying en- gravings, Figs. 12 to 15, illustrate the design. The engines are housed in a building 59 feet 9 inches x 170 feet, and 66 feet high. The whole area is con- trolled by a 30-ton electric crane, whose runway is 56 feet above the floor. The Steam Plant is located as shown in the general plan in two boiler houses 40 x 178 feet. Each contains five batteries of Sterling boilers, two in a battery. The entire plant is 250 horse-power Buckeye engines driving two generators of 187 kw. and one Bull engine driving a 200-kw. gen- erator. There are two rotary transformers which step up from 250 direct current to 170 voltage alternating cur- rent, and thence to 2100 volts alternating current, all the electrical machinery being built by the Westinghouse Electric & Mfg. Company of Pittsburgh. A department of the power house, commanded by an overhead electric crane, is devoted to rewinding and repairs. The Hot Metal Cars shown in Figs. 16 to 20 are of new design and embody a series of interesting features. As will be seen from the end elevations, Figs. 16 and 17, the ladle is tilted or rolled by the trunnion to and fro, through the interven- tion of the rack. Dotted lines in Fig. 16 indicate the ex- treme position of the ladle when tipped. Section Fig. 20 indicates how by means of rotating the spindle the yoke is moved in one or the other direction. The advantage of this arrangement is that the ladle may be lifted off the car for relining without dismantling the tilting ar- rangement, which is well protected and is locked in all positions. The fact that the thrust is directly applied to December 21, 1899 THE the trunnion is important. regular. The tilting may be effected either by hand gear or by electric motor, an equipment for that purpose being provided at the steel works. The ladle cars are equipped with automatic couplers and with outside boxes. Such are the main features of the plant, which rep- resents the embodiment of the most advanced American practice. It is believed that not only will the new works be entitled to claim pre-eminence as the most economical from the point of labor saving equipment, but also that it is first from the point of view. of low cost of installa- tion. It is probable that the first furnace will be blown in during the month of January, and that the second will It makes the tilting easy and IRON AGE VIEW OF H.P. SIDE 11 large city in the country, but so far have been unable to obtain a sufficient number of men. New Steel Works at Milwaukee. The Illinois Steel Company have in contemplation extensive improvements in their Milwaukee plant. These improvements involve the erection of at least two blast furnaces, steel converting works and probably mills for the manufacture of structural steel. It is ex- pected that a beginning will be made next spring and that the work of construction will be pushed as rapidly as manufacturers of machinery will be able to furnish the large quantity of apparatus needed. Two years or more may be required for the completion of the im- provements as planned. The Milwaukee Works will then be independent of the Joliet or South Chicago 13 0 to Cen. of Steam Cyls. Figs. 12 to 15.— Blowing Engine Air Valves. THE NEW FURNACE PLANT OF THE NATIONAL STEEL COMPANY, follow in the month of March, 1900. The managers are not willing to commit themselves beforehand as to the capacity of the furnaces, but those who are familiar with the extraordinary records made by the steel works which the blast furnaces are to support feel little doubt that the broom will soon crown the stacks. —_ — The Pressed Steel Car Company of Pittsburgh are de- creasing the car building capacity at their Woods Run plant and transferring the car equipment to the new works at McKees Rocks, Pittsburgh. This has become necessary by reason of the large orders for bolsters which the company have recently received ftom railroads in different parts of the country. The Pittsburgh and Joliet plants have become overcrowded with orders for this kind of work, and the Woods Run plant has been utilized to aid in fulfilling the contracts. The orders obtained a short time ago from the New York Central and Pennsylvania Railroads for $2,500,000 worth of bol- sters with which to equip 15,000 cars is taxing the ca- pacity of the company’s plants to get it out on contract time, though it is expected that the requirements will be fully observed. ‘The compa have been advertising for blacksmiths, riveters and other skilled help in every F a Crank Pin i t\ / y . oR Ne ‘a YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. Works of the company for their supply of steel. The Milwaukee plant has this year far exceeded its previous production, drawing so heavily upon the other works for raw material that the time is at hand when it must make its own supply. The officials of the company are not disposed to give out much information as to their plans, and probably nothing would have been disclosed now if the city of Milwaukee had not been about to take steps to open a street through the center of their prop- erty. As this would have seriously interfered with the contemplated improvements, the representatives of the company felt obliged to state the reason why they pre- ferred the proposed street should not be opened. ——$_$____—_ An admirable and exhaustive monograph on the al- loys of iron and nickel has been published by the well- known metallurgist, Robert A. Hadfield of Sheffield, England. It is a paper read before the British Institu- tion of Civil Engineers in March last, but with appen- dices and discussion is a volume of about 170 pages. It embodies much original work of investigation and besides is practically a review and summary of the whole literature of the subject. Work has been begun on six new mills for the plant of the American Tin Plate Company, at Elwood, Ind. 12 THE IRON AGE. Canadian News. Freights on Hardware, TORONTO, December 18, 1839.—At the last meeting of the Montreal Metal and Hardware Association, on the 13th inst., the action of the railway companies in can- celing the “ commodity ” rates, and thereby in effect dis- criminating against Montreal manufacturers and dis- tributers of metals and hardware, was discussed. The matter is in the hands of a special committee, which tinds it rather a delicate one to report upon at once, and which, consequently, is continuing its consideration of the question. It is an easy matier to select commodities on which the rate out of Montreal seems to be discrim- inatory, but it is often found that there is a favorable December 21, 1899 Canada as a “ sacrifice’ market in those days. As Cana- dian manufacturers are now busy, running their works, many of which have been enlarged, to their full capacity, and, moreover, as American competition has eased up in consequence of the extremely active demand in the United States, the railway companies have decided to charge the same rates for the manufactured ‘* commodi- ties’ as for everything else. It is against this that the Metal and Hardware Association is protesting, claim- ing at the same time that the railway freight rates from the United States are much below those now charged to Canadian shippers. Fort William Furnace Projects, The resolutions passed by the Fort William Town Council in respect to the iron and copper works the Mat- [Wwe I } } “_> 2 ‘> iat ‘ Y — ho Tea 1 / a Pore arr DAP eS | iL NY == t aaees t 717 cz i] | I n_ (om ~ Sy nm pang C Zz | LA y | . 2 : Tr. Fig. 18.—Plan. HOT METAL CAR. return rate to offset this. Hence, the committee finds it necessary to go into the full effect of the tariff of rates before coming to a conclusion as to the protest to be made to the railways. The “ commodity ” rates which the roads have just abolished were established years ago, when industry in Canada was in a depressed state, and when it seemed that unless the railways showed it some favor there would be little or no profit reaped. Hence, to foster trade for themselves the railways deemed it good policy to carry many heavy products of Canadian manufac- tories at rates lower than those of the general tariff. By this means it was hoped that the Canadian manufac- turers would be better able to make head against the competition from the United States, which was using tawin Iron Company propose to erect provide as fol- lows: That there are to be submitted to the taxpayers by-laws authorizing the payment to the company by the Council of ‘bonuses aggregating $75,000; one being $50,- 000 as a subsidy for a 50-ton charcoal blast furnace; the other one, of $25,000, for a 60-ton copper smelter. The sanction of such money by-laws by the votes of a ma- jority of the ratepayers is not all, however. The by-laws will have to be made legal by an act of the Ontario Leg- islature. Six months after such act has been carried, the company are bound to commence the buildings, which are to be completed within 18 months. The cost of the iron furnace is to be not less than $150,000, and it must be kept in blast not less than 250 days every year, turning out 50 tons of charcoal pig every 24 hours. December 21, 1899 THE It is further stipulated in the agreement that pay- ment to employees is to be made monthly and in cash, and that the company are not to engage in any retail business. The Board of Trade of Fort William has approved the arrangements. National Cycle Company. It has been decided by the National Cycle & Auto- mobile Company to establish their works not, after all, in Toronto, but in Hamilton. Hamilton offers very strong inducements and Toronto offers none. Cheap electric power is the main inducement. A permanent factory, costing $65,000, is to be built. Hamilton is showing great enterprise as a manufacturing center, especially a steel and iron goods manufacturing center. IRON AGE. 13 With the starting up of the Cataract Power Company’s works at Decero Falls, 32 miles away, began last year a new era for Hamilton. That led to quite a reorganiza- tion. First, the Electric Lighting Company of Hamilton were absorbed. Next the Street Railway Company. Then two suburban electric lines were bought up. At the same time the company were gaining ground in the manu- facturing establishments, and now they furnish power to several of them. The National Bicycle Company have been attracted by the cheap power the Cataract Com- pany offer. CG. A. God. antiiiie: ———_ According to Robert Piteairn, general ageut and su- perintendent of the Pittsburgh Division of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad, the prospects for commencing work on This is a natural development of two departures that the proposed new Union station at Pittsburgh were s i ee — MMM Fig. 19.—Side Hlevation. ‘a. mes fi SSX Sam Saatas nan NNN , SARL ee 7 | SN S SS . & { c-7 SAN Fig. 20.—Section of Tilting Mechanism. HOT METAL CAR. have been made in recent years. ‘The first of these was never as bright as they are at present. Mr. Pitcairn the starting of the blast furnace. These works have run steadily and to full capacity almost from the start. The first local evolution of them was the increasing of the foundry business in Hamilton. It was always a great stove making center. It is now a greater one. The rolling mills of the city, in turn, began to use pud- dled bar, instead of wholly scrap, thus increasing the local demand on the works of the Blast Furnace Com- pany. Finally the Furnace Company and the Rolling Mills Company amalgamated. The next outcome was the steel plant, now in course of construction. After the unfolding of the steel industry, Hamilton began to be looked upon as the natural point for the works of the $20,000,000 Nickel Steel Company, and this company, it is now said, have secured an option on 500 acres of land outside Hamilton limits. Naturally, the drift of iron and steel consuming industries, like the Bicycle Com- pany, will be toward Hamilton. The second of the de- partures referred to above as leading to Hamilton’s pres- ent position as a manufacturing center is cheap power. says that he did not know that there would be any change in the plans completed some time ago for the new station. He said that it was possible that if there was any change it would be in the width and length of the proposed structure. He said that the recent allot- ment of $13,000,000 made by the company had nothing to do with the building of the new station, as money for that purpose has always been ready. He continued: “Naturally that money will be appropriated for the betterment of the road, but just where it will be used is not definitely known. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company have always used immense sums of money for improvements on their road when times were prosperous. They believe in taking advantage of the good times and look to the betterment of their system.” The thirtieth annual meeting of the American Insti- tute of Mining Eugineers will be held at Washington, beginning on Tuesday, Feb. 20, 1900. DD, &., The Moore Pneumatic Traveling Crane. The pneumatic traveling crane built by the Chisholm & Moore Mfg. Company of Cleveland, Ohio, employs compressed air for all its movements. The motor con- sists of two double oscillating cylinders set at right angles in an air tight case. There is a movable valve mechanism, as the oscillation of the cylinders opens and closes the ports. A small quantity of oil is kept in the case so that the crank in revolving lubricates itself and dashes the oil or the valve seats, from which the air carries it through the ports in sufficient quantity to thoroughly lubricate the pistons. The air ports are con- trolled by a slide valve which closes them when on a center, and starts or reverses the motor as it may be turned to the right or left. The valve is thrown by an eccentric attached to a hand wheel or lever so weighted that it is self closing when released. The high speed of the motor is reduced through dif- ferential gearing to the speed desired for the winding drum. By an ingenious arrangement of the reversing valve the motor is made to drive through straight line gearing also and still retain its self sustaining and safety features. In this form the use of a vent valve permits the lowering of the load by relieving the back pressure of the pistons, thereby materially reducing the consumption of air. In constructing a pneumatic crane —=—S - See Se gy =F Cue BE tg THE IRON AGE. December 21, 1899 The Armor Plate Imbroglio. WASHINGTON, D. C., December 19, 1899.—The Secre- tary of the Navy has forwarded to Congress an interest- ing memorandum prepared by Admiral O’Neil, Chief of the Bureau of Naval Ordnance, urging the prompt settle- ment of the armor question, especially as it relates to the battle ships “ Maine,” “ Ohio” and “ Missouri,” and discussing in some detail the advantages of the so-called Krupp process, the inadvisability of the construction of a Government armor factory, and the extent of the de- velopment of private armor factories throughout the world. This memorandum will form the basis of the deliberations of the naval committees of both houses, which will begin immediately after the holiday recess, and the purpose of which will be to devise some means of solving the problems which now confront the Navy Department in view of the unprecedented legislation of the last Congress on the armor question. After summarizing the history of the controversy con- cerning the price of armor Admiral O’Neil takes up the conditions under which Krupp armor can be obtained and its relative advantages over so-called Harveyed ar- mor. He says: Who Controls the Krupp Process. | “It is learned that the so-called new Krupp process was developed at the works of Fried. Krupp, at Essen, THE MOORE PNEUMATIC TRAVELING CRANE. for handling heavy loads, the manufacturers found it advisable, in order to bring the consumption of air within the capacity of an ordinary compressor, to equip the carriage with two independent motors and winding drums, each carrying its own load hook, one geared to lift heavy loads at a slow speed and the other geared to handle light loads at a proportionately higher speed. By this two-speed construction a crane will handle 10-ton loads at a speed of 5 feet per minute and 3-ton loads at a speed of 15 feet per minute, with one- third of the air consumption and compressor capacity that is required in a one-speed crane which handles all loads up to 10 tons at the rate of 15 feet per minute, the latter requiring an air supply greater than it is usually convenient or desirable to furnish. The infrequency with which in most plants the maximum load is handled renders the additional time consumed a matter of small moment, the required speed being obtained on the lighter loads, which comprise the most of its work. The racking motor applied to the crane will give any desired travel speed up to 150 or 200 feet per minute. In cranes of short span, hand power is frequently pre- ferred for the carriage travel, although when the move- ment is by motor also the air supply for all the motors is brought through one flexible rubber hose. The bridge is formed of two I-beams, and the trucks each of two channels passing through slots cut to fit them in the wehs of the I-beams and fastened thereto by connecting angles. When the span is great the I-beams are stiffened laterally by channels horizontally riveted to the webs of the beams. The truck wheels and carriage wheels are all steel roller bushed. Germany, but that the rights to manufacture are held by the Harvey Continental Company, who dispose of them for a fixed sum and in consideration of a royalty at an average price of $50 per ton on all armor manu- factured by that proc