The Iron Age 1890-06-12: Vol 45

.LHE TRON, AGEs Apparatus for Removing Pig Iron from the Beds. The ordinary method of removing pig iron from the pig beds by hand is an ex- pensive one, and in hot weather it is often almost impossible to keep men at it and to have it removed in time to mold up for the following casts. Where four and six casts are made every 24 hours, it is often a serious matter, The apparatus illustrated has been brought out by Jerome L. Boyer, of Reading, Pa., to reduce this ex- pense of from 10 to 20 cents per ton to about 14 cents, and the usual time re- THURSDAY, JUNE 12, 1890. the capacity of cast houses, when the close competition in the trade makes it absolutely necessary that not only dollars but the pennies must be saved in every branch of pig iron manufacture, it would seem that such an arrangement is needed by pro- ducers. me Three New Battle Ships. The three new battle ships provided for under an appropriation of $4,000,000 in the Senate bill which passed recently are in many respects similar to the Baltimore, Charleston, Newark and Cruisers Nos. 4}3-inch all-round - Preah is i. a | Hai (I a li: ; a a SZ} . a — ry feet thick wil! protect the hull at the water line between the armor deck and berth deck. The new ships will be fitted with two conning towers and two turrets. The for- ward conning tower will have 14 inches of armor and the after one 5 inches. The two turrets will also be mounted fore and aft, each covered with 16-inch armor on a 6-inch backing, with 1} inches inside skin and 38-inch aprons in front of the ports. Ten 5-inch rapid fire guns are to be mounted on the main and superstructure decks, protected by 3-inch carbettes and shields. Twelve 6- ™ Sy THE BOYER APPARATUS FOR THE REMOVAL OF PIG IRON FROM THE BEDS. uired from one to two hours, 15 minutes Only one man and one boy are required to do this labor and need not touch the iron, hence it can be or, say, a 50-ton cast. taken out as soon as it is cool enough that it does not run out of pig in a liquid or semi-fluid condition. The construction of this apparatus is simple and not expensive. It will be ob- served that the cast house is commanded by a traveling caifiage spanning its whole width and carrying two trolleys. Flexi- bly suspended from each is a cylinder, to the piston of which is attached a grap- pling device. Power is supplied from the steam-tight reservoir shown in_ the distance in our engraving. The pigs of iron are seized by the grappling device and are deposited upon the truck standing on a track running along the center of the cast house. In these times, when the pro- duction of ordinary furnaces has outgrown and 5. They will be 349 feet 2 inches long over all, 71 feet 6 inches beam, and 25 feet 10} inches extreme draft. Each of these measurements exceeds those of our largest first class cruisers, though in the matter of speed the new cruisers will make 17 knots, while the Charleston, Baltimore and Newark have a speed of 18, 19 and 18 knots respectively. The new vessels will have 11,000 horse-power, while the Balti- more has 10,750. The hulls of the new ships will be practically unsinkable, the board designing them to withstand a severe riddling at the water line, and yet maintain a metacentric hight of 2 feet 6 inches. They are provided with a double bottom and water tight bulkheads longi- tudinal and athwartships. Their protec- tion will consist of an armored deck 3 inches thick, each deck supplemented by a belt 5 inches thick extending the entire length of the ship. A belt of woodite 12 pounder rapid fire guns and two 37 milli- meter revolving cannon will complete the armament, The we: are practivally the same as those of the 8150 ton vessels now awaiting bids. —— EE The large iron ferryboat Whitehall, owned by the Union Ferryboat Company, of New Yoik City, and to ply between New York and Brooklyn, was launched at the ship yard of Thomas Marvel & Co., in Newburgh, on June 5. The Whitehall is 209 feet long, 36 feet beam, 65 feet over guards and 15 feet deep. The new side-wheel steel steamer City of Chicago, just completed at the Bay City shipyards, Mich., developed a speed of 174 miles per hour on her first trip. She will run between Chicayo and other points on Lake Michigan. 984 THE IRON AGE. . June 12, 1890 Fort Payne, Ala. Its Manufacturing Industries. erful press subjected to a pressure of about 120 tons, which causes all the particles to adhere one to another, all interstices be- ing filled by the cementing material, and thus a solid, homogeneous and enduring paving block is produced, the weight of which is but little less than that of a stone block of same dimensions. The press delivers the blocks on an endless carrier, which convey them under water for a distance of about 60 feet, at the end of which they come out cold and are oe ready for use or shipment. These locks are claimed to have special quali- ties, of value in having, chief among which is the peculiar fitness of the ma- terial for cities that look to improving their sanitary condition The blocks are non-absorbing, and when laid with tight, sanded joints, present no possible oppor- tunity for the soaking of water or other noxious liquid. Not the least of their claim for public favor is the fact that they are almost wholly without noise when subjected to travel. C. H. Gifford, the treasurer of this company, was connected with the late B. F. Sturtevant, of Boston, for a number of years. ral work, The other store is owned y the Rushmore Hardware Company, of which W. P. Rice is president, F. H. Tobey, vice-president ; and H. C. Rush- more, secretary and treasurer. The busi- ness is under the direct management of H. C Rushmore, who was formerly in the hardware trade at Clyde, Kan. The com- pany also carry a large stock of general adrdware and house furnishing goods. They handle the well-known Garland stoves of the Michi Stove Company. Both of these establishments, it will be noted, are under the management of ex- rienced hardwaremen, familiar with the usiness in all its ramifications and well equipped to serve the interests of either those who sell to them or buy from them. The Fort Payne Rolling Mill Company. This organization has a capital stock of $300,000. The works are well advanced in construction, the main building being under roof and a of the equipment already in place. e managers hope to have the plant in operation before mid- summer. They purpose to manufacture open hearth basic steel, and have designed their entire equipment to that end. James H. Lanning is in charge of the mechanical details, for which work heis specially fitted by education and experience. For along time he was connected with the Hender- son steel plant at Birmingham. The di- mensions of the main — of these works are 450 feet by 80 feet. It is con- structed of heavy frame work with a cor- rugated iron roof and sides.- Auxiliary buildings are provided for the boiler house and machine shop. The boiler house con- tains 14 flue boilers, each 16 feet by 5 feet, with 52 three and a half inch tubes. The machine shop is on the opposite side of the main building and is now in active operation, running on special work in con- nection with the equipment of the mill. In the arrangement of the works economy in handling material has been carefull studied. Coal is brought in on an eleva’ track and delivered to the gas producers near the boilers. Eight Laughlin and six Wellman gas producers will be used. The pig iron and scrap will be unloaded from cars at one end of the mill and will pass forward until the finished product emerges from the other end, Two 15-ton open hearth furnaces are now nearly completed. Room has been left for two more. These furnaces are of the Krupp type, and are being built by George Gogin, of Boston. They will not be lined with lime, but will have magnesia bottoms. The magnesia brick will be extended a little above the bath line and through the ports. The roofs, however, will be composed of silica brick, The magnesia brick used are imported, none being manufactured in this country. In operating these furnaces, lime will first be sprinkled over the floor and added to the charge of metal after- ward as may be found necessary to effect dephosphorization. The lowest grades of Southern pig iron will be used, care being taken to secure iron low in silicon. Less trouble is now experienced in this regard than would have been the case but a few months since. Quite a number of South- ern furnaces now make low silicon iron. Iron and steel scrap will also be used in the charges. It is e ted that the raw material for teatttnn ‘apie steel will not cost over $10 per ton at the works, and that the ingots can be turned out at $17 to $18 or less, This result a possible. If it is accomplished it lead to another revolution in the iron trade, Its importance extends further than the effect likely to be produced on the iron trade of the South. Many Northern ores are of the same character, and if cuore basic steel can be produced in the Sou it can also be produced at but a little higher cost in the North. Mr. Lanning (Continued from page 943, June 5.) The Dustin-Hubbard Manufacturing Company. The managers of this company are rapidly completing a machine shop which is to be well appointed in every respect. It is their purpose to enable the manufact- urers of the vicinity to secure machinery or to have repairs made quickly and under | their own supervision. At present all work of this character has to be sent a long distance to machine shops with facilities for undertaking 1t. e need of this ' establishment 1s shown by orders which have been booked before the shops are completed. The manufacture of cotton compressers alone would keep the works busy for months. George Parks is treas- urer of the company. The Fort Payne Stove Works, These works were started in 1889 on a modest scale, employing some 50 hands. Their business is increasing rapidly, how- ever, and the establishment bids fair to develop into a very important enterprise. Within the t month stoves have been shi ee by the carload from Fort Payne to @leveland, Chicago and Dubuque. T. A. Leveque, formerly of Cleveland, is the superintendent of the works. They make cast iron ranges, cooking stoves and heat- ing stoves under the general name for the line of Southland Star. The catalogue just issued shows a large variety of mod- ern patterns. The Southern Pavement Company. This is the first plant of the kind to be built in the South. The company propose to manufacture compressed asphalt having blocks and tiles. Limestone forms the principal mere of the blocks, and as this is found in great abundance near Fort Payne, that city was selected as the loca- tion of the works. The process of manu- facture is thus described: The limestone, after being broken into pieces about the size of a man’s fist, is dropped into a crusher, and reduced to pieces small enough to through openings } inch square. Dur- ing this process of crushing the limestone, about 25 per cent. of the product is re- duced to flour. This stone is then carried by an automatic elevator and deposited in a heater, which revolves on large rollers and is driven by a powerful system of gearing. This heater, when loaded, weighs about 12 to 15 tons. The inside arran ment of the heater is in the form of a screw, and as it slowly revolves the stone is carried forward, and being at the same time exposed to the heat of the fire under the heater it is thoroughly dried, and comes out ready to be mixed with the pure asphaltum used in proper proportion for making the blocks. The asphaltum is received in its crude form and in prepar- | ing for the manufacture of paving it is placed in large melters holding five or six tons each and subjected for about 36 hours to a gentle heat, keeping the temperature at about 260° F. During all this time of refining, the liquid is kept agitated by a strong current of air, forced through it by an air compressor, which not only kee the liquid moving, but also‘assist in the process of refining, after completing which, the asphaltum and stone are taken in suitable quantities and poured together, while yet hot, in a mixing machine of pe- culiar form. The limestone dust com- bines with the asphalt and forms a calcar- eous, bituminous cement with which, dur- ing the mixing, all the larger particles are coated, forming a granular mass. This material while at a temperature of 280°, is placed in a mold and with a pow- Additional Facts of Interest. It will be observed by the foregoing list of manufacturing establishments, now built or under construction in Fort Payne, that the citizens of that place do not pro- pose to depend upon the sales of pig iron to distant consumers. While they are favored by the possession of facilities for the very cheap production of pig iron, they realize the advantages of transform- ing this crude material into more finished forms, thus employing many more work- men and making their city of greater im- portance. This is a peculiar and com- mendable feature of the policy of those who are building up Fort Payne. Nor do they propose to attach their fortunes to the manufacture of iron and iron prod- ucts alone. Other interests are being cared for. Rich kaolin deposits in the vicinit are being developed. It has been ship to East Liverpool, Ohio, and worked into chinaware of excellent quality. Being very rich in aluminum, a plant for the extraction of that metal is under contem- plation. The lumber interests are ims rtant A number of planing mills are in operation, and a factory is being built to manufacture wood fruit baskets and oes and axe and other handles. e company operating it have a capital of $50,000, and will employ 150 hands. R. H. Hunt, of Chattanooga, is president, and True P. Pierce 1s treasurer. The enterprising char- acter of the people who have settled at Fort Payne is demonstrated in their hav- ing established thus early a system of water works, an electric light plant and an ice factory. These enterprises are in the na- ture of luxuries, to be enjoyed only by large aggregations of people, but the citi- zens of Fort Payne cunsted them as ne- cessities, and made provision for enjoying such conveniences from the start. Bank- ing facilities are excellent, three banks being already in operation and another in process of organization. A cotton factory and a malleable iron er are among the ibilities of the near future. The hardware trade of the city is well cared for, two large stores being in successful operation. One of them is conducted by the Fort Payne Hardware Company, com- of E. B. Cook, James D, Rawles and George Uniacke. Mr. Cook was for- merly in the hardware business in Port- land, Maine, Mr. Rawles in Boston, and Mr. Uniacke in Brunswick, Maine. They not only carry a full line of hardware and house furnishing goods, including stoves, but also deal in mining supplies, rail- road supplies, paints, oils, &c., con- duct a large business in plumbing and steam fitting and operate a tin shop on June 12, 1890 THE IRON AGE. 085 ironwork have been made with Alex. R. Rarig & Co., who are under penalty to furnish it complete within six months of completion of the masonry. The officers of this company are as follows: C. O. Godfrey, president; H. B. Hill, general manager, secretary and treasurer; John H. Mullin, superintendent. rE ——$ $$$ NEW ENGLAND NOTES. gravity incline. Red fossiliferous ore is mined in the same hill only 300 feet dis- tant. The coa!of the Castle Rock seam, which is a coking coal, averages about 30 inches in thickness. Openings have been made at several points and en- tries driven sufficient to get out 200 tons a day at present, which will be increased to 500 tons a day by the time the furnace starts. An analysis of the coke made from this coal is given below: claims that the magnesia lining will not cause a heavy expense in the matter cf repairs. He says that the esia brick have proved to he very durable, as many as 900 heats having been made on one lining. The two melting furnaces are expected to have a capacity of about 150 tons aday. The ingots and blooms are handled by ee ee the appli- ances being construc by. the Morgan Engineering Company, of Alliance, Ohio. The blooming train, built by Totten & Co., of Pittsburgh, is a two-high revers-| Volatile gases .............00ccseee00- 0.64 Edwin L. Tillinghast, of the ing mill with 32-inch rolls and 30 x 48| Fixed carbon ............cceccceeees 91.67 | Eureka Iron Foundry, of New Bedford, eer inch epgines, designed in Dealt : ee RR ds dacs ck cakadéges Ceiasmes > oe 1.114 has gone into insol ° ee meeting steel ingots 16inches square. The capacity RP PEC ce ae Cl 6.42 | his creditors will be — * a of the blooming mill is rated at 300 tons @) =Total... 2. cece ccee cess eens 90.0034 | cane mew factory be Reata Lae day, and will be for some time the heavi- arn ee Roe bon bee ce est piece of mill machinery south of the Ohio River. Totten & Co. are furnishing other rolling machinery, consisting of a nail plate train, a 16-inch bar mill and a 9-inch guide mill. The steel will be marketed in the form of slabs and billets, or more finished products, according to the demand. All the engines except the blooming mill are being built by Alex. K. Rarig & Co.; of Columbus, Ohio. It is the intention of the company to work part of their product into cut nails, using a new nail machine, built by Henry H. Hill, 86 Pearl street, New York, under the Gleason patent. This is a self-feeding machine of rapid action, claimed to make 20 to 25 kegsaday. Five of these ma- chines have been received and set up, and the total number to be - in the factory is 200. The rolling mill company have se- cured the exclusive right to these machines in the Southern States. The officers of the company are as follows: W. P. Rice, president; A. W. Train, formerly secretary of the Cleveland Hardware Company, vice-president and general manager; E. H.Towne, secretary and_ treasurer; James H. Lanning, assistant manager. The Fort Payne Furnace Company. This company is capitalized at $200,000. The plant is rapidly approaching comple- tion and the furnace will probably be blown in June. The stack is small com- pared with most Southern furnaces, being only 65 feet by 14 feet, but the superin- tendent, John H. Mullin, believes that the size he has selected will prove to be better adapted to the ores of the district than the larger sizes. The nominal daily capacity of this stack is 75 tons. The blast will be heated by three Siemens-Cowper fire brick stoves, each 65 feet by 16 feet. The cast house is being built of brick, 110 feet by 45 feet, and has a corrugated iron roof. The stock house is built of frame with corru- ted iron roof and sides, 150 feet by 75 eet, with two tracks 15 feet high. An iron hoist tower, with a crane vertical hoist, takes the stock to the tunnel head. The engine house is built of brick, 55 feet _ A plant of coke ovens has been built 700 feet from the stock house. The coal is first crushed and washed, then coked, then put in buggies, which are loaded on cars and drawn into the stock house, thus avoid- ing rehandling. The tracks ‘are so ar- ranged that the coke can be redumped into railroad cars for shipment elsewhere. The plant now consists of 100 beehive ovens, built of special-shaped brick. The coke made is of very fine appearance, dense and hard. The Fort Payne Ceal and Iron Company will erect a large plant of coke ovens at an early day, and furnish coke to the blast furnaces of less favored locali- ties. It is estimated that this’ coke de- livered in the stock house of the Fort Payne Furnace will cost from $1.80 to $2 per ton, and that a ton and a quarter will make a ton of pig iron. The brown hema- tite iron ore is said to run from 50 to 56 per cent. in iron and quite low in phos- phorus. A 24-foot face of it has been opened, which is to be extended to over 30 feet. For the present this ore will be used without washing, as it can easily be picked over. The cost of mining and de- livering it in the stock house is placed at 50 to 60 cents per ton. Five veins of red fossiliferous ore, running from 30 inches to 14 feet, have been opened. They are all con- nected with one tramway and shot into cars to go to the stock house. The cost of the red ore delivered is put at 65 cents per | $50 ton. As quality will be aimed at in run- ning this furnace, the mixture will consist of three-fourths brown ore and one-fourth red ore. An outside market for brown ore has already opened up with furnaces desir- ing it to mix with their red ore. Lime- stone is abundant in the adjacent hills and can be had at the rate of 8 tons for $1. The cost of labor to the ton of pig iron is estimated in this section at about $1.25 per ton, From these figures and statement it will be seen that pig iron can un- doubtedly be produced at very low cost at Fort Payne. The natural advan of the location, too, have only been ey exposed. An excellent coking coal has been discovered in the Sand Mountain, ann 5 | i F The Fall River Machine Company are bus with an order for 42 spinning frames for a in Brazil, S. A. © At the =< bE aoe candy. eae ‘om! wor on ly. les. for the heer marine railway are driven and the cellar for the new engine house, which. will front on Border street, is nearly completed. A decision favorable to the co t in the equity case of Fred A. Serie conten Charles H. Morgan, was given by tog ha penter last week in the United States Court, at Boston. The complamant asked for letters patent to him for his alleged invention of a new and improved apparatus for a wire as it comes the rolls of a rolling ter found that the complainant was the sole inventor of the The ey i system. decree will be made authorizing the issue of .a patent to the complainant as prayed for. it by 35 feet. In it two blast engines are| but a few miles distant, which lies in a| matic sprinklers. is made, a housedy each 72 by 48 by 86-inch steam|seam 6 feet thick, but it is in the o portion for gymnasium purposes ; cylinder, built by the Columbus Machine | posite direction trom the company’s rail- three-quarters of road to the Castle Rock seam. The brown ore on the hill side above the fur- nace was found after the furnace had been partly erected. A vein of black oxide of manganese has quite recently been opened up in the vicinity of the city. The officers of the Fort Payne Furnace Company are as follows: J. M. Ford, president; C. O. Godfrey, vice- president ; S. C. Hathaway, Jr., secre- tary and treasurer ; John H. Mullin, man- ager and general superintendent. Company, of Columbus, Ohio, The ma- chinery and ironwork throughout were furnished under contract with Alex. K. Rarig & Co., of Columbus, Ohio. The steam is supplied by eight boilers, each 52 inches by 28 feet, with two 18-inch flues. The draft stack is of iron, 170 feet high and 8 feet 6 inches in diameter in the clear, There are two Gordon supply pumps, 15 by 18 inches, and two iler feed pumps, 9x 16 inches. An 8- inch artesian well is being sunk near by to get pure water for the boilers. It is down over 700 feet. This furnace is very eligibly located for its supply of raw materials, and the owners believe that pig iron can be made in it for $7.40 per ton. The coal mines are but four miles distant in « direct line, but ten miles by railroad. Brown hematite ore is mined 800 feet from the stock house, and brought down to it by a The Pittsburgh Coal Seale.—At a conference between coal operators and miners, held in Pittsburgh last week, the scale for a three-fourth screen was fixed at 65 cents. The men wanted 66, but a set- tlement was reached on the basis of the Colymbus scale. For the run of the mine 79 cents was agreed upon, calculated as follows: That the weight of the coal screened should determine the weight of all coal mined. This is to cover the coal dumped into cars without screening. For clay veins $2 was fixed as the price for cutting from 6 to 12 inches, and all over 12 inches $2 per foot. Where the clay vein is angling 50 cents per yard shall be paid. For all ‘‘spar” $1 shall be and 25 cents per yard extra where it angling. The Bay State Furnace Company. The foundations have already been laid for a second blast furnace at Fort Payne, some distance from the first furnace. The location was selected with a special view to securing close proximity to the large deposits of red ore. It will be of the same size as, and almost a duplication of, the Fort Payne Furnace. Contracts for the 986 THE IRON AGE. June 12, 1890 Punching and Shearing Machines. | weight of the machine being 12,000|shear 6x 1-inch iron. The independent diiaieas pounds. {The smaller combined punch | stop motion is fitted on punch side of ma- The accompanying illustrations repre- | and shear is especially adapted for use by| chine, and when so ordered can also be sent a few styles of a new line of presses | bridge builders, iron railing and architec-| applied on the shear side as well. Total and shears now being put on the market by the E. W. Bliss Company, Brooklyn, N.Y. This company has heretofore declined all orders for punching and shearing ma- chines, such as are used in boiler and bridge work, but of late the demand for such tools has become so frequent that they have finally equipped for their manu- facture.. The general design of these ma- chines, as will be seen, is of the ordinary type, but care has been‘taken to produce a line of machines which will be at once strong, substantial and simple in con- struction, so as to easily do the work in- | dicated and avoid excessive wear. The | | | boiler makers’ single punches and shears HN are each made in several sizes, the depth I ao of throat ranging from 20 inches to 36 3 H ae inches, the patterns being made through- = ome out in proportion to depth of throat. They are also provided with the bolts for use in heavy cutting where the full depth of throat is not required. Both the shears and punches are also fitted with adjustable gibbs to take up for wear in the cross heads, and also with a valu- able independent stop motion, enabling the operator to punch or shear large plates with exactness when required. The shears are calculated to cut plate iron from 4-inch up to 14-inches in thickness, and the punches are capable of punching t-inch hole through }-inch iron up toa 1}-inch hole through 1-inch iron, the weight of the several machines ranging from 4000 pounds to 12,000 pounds. The combined boiler makers’ punch and shear has a depth of throat, on each side, of 27 inches, the capacity on punch side being - a4-inch hole through 4-inch iron, while lle the opposite side will shear 4-inch plate iron. The punch and shear sides are each BOILER MAKERS’ PUNCH. weight, 8500 pounds. The makers of these machines state that they intend to add to their stock of patterns as = as circumstances will warrant, and that the larger sizes of machines will be built with engine attached when so required. a ——— The fifteenth annual convention of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers convened in New Turner Hall, in Pittsburgh, on Tuesday, June 8. The convention was called to order by William Weihe, president. The at- tendance was considerably larger than at any previous meeting of the organization. Two or three days were occupied in dis- posing of routine business, and the discus- sion of the new scale for the year com- mencing July 1 next was taken up on Thursday afternoon. It will probably be ready for presentation to the manufactur- ers some time during the present week. It is the impression that the new scale will differ materially from the one now in force, and there is a well-founded rumor that it will be based on $5.50 per ton for boiling, ona2-cent card. This is an advance of 50 cents per ton on the scale now in force. The officials of the organization positively refuse to give out any information as to what changes will be made, so that noth- ing definite will be known until the scale has been finally adopted. The manufact- urers have no organization, and the scale will therefore be presented tothe different firms individually, as was done last year. , Com. R. A. Alger is investing heavily in preparations for the manufacture of iron BOILER MAKERS SHEAS. in the State of Washington, at Kirkland, which is not far from Seattle. H. P. tural iron work manufacturers, and such | Pierce, of that city, while in Chicago last other work where a heavy substantial ma- | week, said : ‘‘ At first, most of the stock chine is required. Its capacity is to| was held by English capitalists. Now it punch a, 1-inch -hole in 1-inch iron and | is held mostly by Americans, a number of fitted with the independent stop motion referred to, and each side may be worked independently of the other. The frame is made of a single casting, the total June 12, 1890 THE IRON AGE, 987 whom are among the prominent men of the land. The company has unlimited capital, and the work of constructing the plants, buildings, railways, &c,, will be pushed as rapidly as ible. About 2000 men will be employed on the works in a month, and machine makes two cuts in five minutes, as itis easily handled and needs only to be pushed along the breast by lever bars. The switches and controlling devices are so placed that one man easily operates the cutter. The machine is provided with in less than a year the machinery will be' twin wire cable, which is long enough to COMBINED BOILER MAKERS’ in position and the railroads to the mines ready for operation. Whileall the Eastern capitalists are not yet known to the outsiders enough ‘of them have been announced to convince the public that the iron company is able to carry out any project which it may undertake. Mr. Kirk, one of the Kirk Brovhers, of the great English iron establishment, is interested in the venture. The iron works signifies a t deal for all Washington. It is the first long step in the direction of manufacturing the iron which abounds through all that part of the country.” A New Electric Coal Cutter. The Thomson-Houston Motor Company, of Boston, have put in operation, near Osceola, Pa., an electric coal cutting ma- chine, which has attracted attention from mining men throughout the country. The plant consists of a 7 horse-power steam engine belted direct to a 7 horse-power generator. The electric current is con- veyed through the mine to the coal cutter by a wire eo along the roofs of the gangways. The cutter in this case is nearly a mile from the generating plant. A 5 horse-power motor operates it, and is compactly placed on the same bed plate with the machine. The cutter itself con- sists of an iron frame 24 inches high, 8 feet 6 inches long and 36 inches wide. Nine auger sha drills, similar to those now used in mining, are placed in the lower part of the frame. Between each drill is a steel cutter bar, which cuts all coal left between the holes drilled by the auger bits. On the under side of each cutter bar are attached several scrapers which hang loosely and pull all the coal back as fast as it is cut or drilled, keeping it out of the way and making the opening clear. All coal taken out of this cut is coarse. The hight of the cut is 4 inches. The PUNCH AND SHEAR, ae COMBINED BAR IRON extend along any ordinary chamber, and does away with the need of permanent. cutter off and on the track as required The weight of the complete machine is a little over 4 ton. One strong point in favor of this machine is the iness with which it accommodates itself to varying hardness of strata. The motors are woun for but 220 volts pressure, so that all danger trom high potential currents is done away with. The capacity of the machine is 180 tons of coal per day of ten hours in a 4-foot vein. Several improvements on the first machine will be embodied in the regular apparatus. which is now being manufactured at the Thomson-Houston Motor Company’s factories, in Lynn, Mass. Senn pemeeees_.._ccnenneneenenanneee? A Great Shipbuilding Plant. It is definitely announced that the Cramps, of Philadelphia, and others, have purchased lands on the Delaware River, comprising 50 acres on which to establish an enormous shipbuilding plant, surpass- ing any other in the country. The con- sideration was $300,000, cash, altho nearly the entire tract is now covered by water at high tide. The Record says: The capital stock is $5,000,000, of which the entire amount has been taken. Of the total, $2,000,000 is placed in Philadel- phia, while $1,000,000 been taken in each of the cities of New York, Boston and London. The Cramps, of the famous Kensington shipbuilding firm, are the nucleus of the syndicate, and their idea is to transfer all their present works to the new site, while the Lehigh Valley Rail- road Company will in all probability buy the land on which the Cramps are now located. One of the features in the new yard will be an immense dry dock, capa- ble of accommodating the largest vessels afloat or that may be designed for years to come. The site is admirably adapted for PUNCH AND SHEARS. shipbuilding, because of its location and the depth of the channel, there being 30 wiring except in the headings. A suitable! feet of water at that point. - Wharton truck is provided for the cutter, upon which it may be carried around the mine with ease. An ingenious device will be provided on future machines by means of which the motor will pull itself and the Barker is said to have practical charge of the affairs of the syndicate, and to have recently completed arrangements in Eu- — which brought the whole scheme to a climax. | | 988 THE IRON AGE, June 12, 1890 pee ee tc NS AEs I IE AS TC ES AES Three Spindle Drill. This machine was ee with special reference to the use of drills or tools of different sizes and lengths; the spindles and table are adjustable up and down, a feat- ure not on other multiple spindle sensitive drills. The spindles are tool steel $ inch diameter, and have a traverse of 18 inches. They have taper holes, Morse drill socket No. 1 and are run by different sized pul- leys. They are adjustable by moving the arms, which are gripped to the front of the uprights, and are balanced by weights. The throw of the spindle by the feed lever is 38 inches. A steel rack fitted into the slides is used. The distance from the center of the spindles to the column is 6 inches. The table is 23} x 12 inches, and moves the entire length of the column. The drill$needs no countershaft, as it takes Three Spindle Drill. the belt from the main line. It will work up to }-inch holes. The manufacturers of this drill, Woodward & Rogers, of Hart- ford, Conn., also make two and four spindles of the same design. On Monday of last week negotiations were concluded in Pittsburgh by which the Standard Oil Company became the owner of the property and rights of the Forest Oil Company, the consideration being $1,600,000. The Forest Company had a controlling interest in the Washing- ton Oil Company, and had also lately ab- sorbed the larger part of the stock of the United Gas Trust, which interests have also passed under the control of the Standard Oil Company. The window glass workers in Pitts- burgh are worried over the proposed new tariff and the probability of higher prices for domestic len. The higher the prices the greater the margin given to foreign manufacturers to ship in their products— so they argue. FILLING AND BLOWING IN A BLAST FURNACE." BY B, F. FACKENTHAL, JR., RIEGELSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, One of the principal questions presented to the blast furnace manager, with regard to which little help can be obtained from existing technical literature, is the man- ner of filling and blowing-in. This operation is often performed according, more or less, to traditions which have come down from earlier practice, and which, if not positively detrimental when followed with the large modern furnace, may at least be greatly improved, just as the running of the furnace itself, while in | Se blast, has been improved. It is not neces- sary, as many of the old furnace men believed, to make a lot of white or silver gray iron at the start, or to spend many weeks, or months even, in bringing the furnace to its normal burden. It has seemed to me that the publication of care- fully recorded data, of practice on this point may be interesting to the members of the institute engaged in the manage- ment of blast furnaces, The enlarged blast furnace at the Dur- ham Iron Works, Ri ville, Pa., owned by Messrs Cooper & Hewitt, of New York City, was first put in blast February 21, 1876, since which time it has made seven blasts, and is now running on the eighth. After some of the early blasts the tur- nace lines underwent considerable change. During the first and second blasts no coke was used, and the furnace ran very irregu- larly, er a constant tendency to scaffold, which was attributed, in great part, to the small hearth and other defective lines. The large proportion of air required at this furnace is accounted for by the fact that the engines are defective, and do not deliver into the furnace the amount of air jndicated by the piston displacement. Piston Cubic feet of air. Piston displacement for one SIME; a "300 EW aioe cc ecccccbsse soscesenes EIS, «0. pM esecs secses gesdeesen 0s Temperature of blast, F. ...........-..-eseee0. oe LLL Yield of ores, 52 per cent, Fuel: } coke, 4 anthracite coal, Seal eek lone. . Tron in € stone, . 0 Charges. cwt. cwt. cwt. ar foun Bed 400 ry 20 80 whee 4 each 80 30 17 20 3.12 tir 80 25 20 17% 3.64 . 80 40 2244 15 4.16 4 = 80 45 26 12% 4.68 4 = 80 50 aoe 10 5.20 4 = 80 60 6.24 4 - 80 70 40 5 7.28 4 a 80 80 45 2% 8.32 4 - 80 88 50 Some 9.15 4 ~ 80 96 9.98 ee 80 104 one 10.82 Gri 80 108 60 11.23 Total tons, .212 1614-20 9019-20 22 88.82 Pig Iron Made, Tons. ' No. 2. G Forge. Total. First day ....... ad 7 _— ” 7% Coat he ™% 1 25 aon, a scthe .duee rts] Fifth mee, 70 70 am cetcce cove ts oA Total.......- 7% 332% 840 For convenience in or the office records have gross , our charging scales al beams, and the weights of fuel, ore and limestone are designated in our books (as well as in the above tables) as hundred- weight, instead of being given in pounds, as I believe is usually done elsewhere. After putting in the wood and ‘‘ bed” of fuel, which I will describe later on, we commence using regular charges, and at once establish our unit of fuel, which, dur- ing the six blasts, has remained at 80 hundred-weight, or 4 gross tons. My — in starting a furnace has been to ncrease the burden at the end of every four charges. The filling for the third and fourth blasts was practically the same, differin only slightly as to the proportion of blast furnace slag used. The ore mixtures were not identical, but the yield in both cases was the same, viz., 464 per cent. Both started (after putting in the bed) with a burden of 50 hundred-weight of ore, and were increased 5 hundred-weight at the end of every fourth charge until the furnace was full with a burden of 80 hundred-weight of fuel to 100 hundred- Number of blast. ees | ee | | ee | ee | | 282.51 (813.29 |413.51 |480.87 (599.00 [687.83 (691.25 40.36 | 44.75 | 50.07 | 68.69 | 85.56 | 91.12 | 98.75 1.467; 1.983) 1.288) 1.268) 1.228) 1.211] 1.206 None | None | 11.25 | 19.07 | 18.50 | 23.92 | 84.43 82 | 51.388 | 50.57 | 53.79 | 58 88 | 52.58 | 53.65 -00 | 58.29 | 64.88 | 56.84 | 50.42 | 52.52 | 54.23 0.160; 9.698) 11.385) 13.855) 15.618) 16.440) 17.518 44 | 92.04 | 87.58 | 89.09 | 86.35 | 86.37 | 86.02 8.50 | 8.30) 8.09) 8.25 | 9.60] 9.08 | 10.15 750° | 886° | 868° | 900° | 960° | 990° | 958° Summary of Seven Blasts of the Durham Furnace. The principal object of this paper, however, is to give an account of the fill- ing and blowing in of the furnace during the six successive blasts known to us as Nos. 3, 4, 5,6, 7 and 8. The following tables will show the filling in detail of the eighth blast, and the results obtained during the first seven days: Fired up March 28, 1889, 4.30 p.m. Blast put op March 24, 1889, 9.30 p.m. Burnt 29 hours. First cinder March 25, 1880, 1.30 p.m. Sixteen hours after blast. First iron March 26, 1889, 8.30 a.m. Thirty-five hours after blast. Ore mixt- ure: 12} per cent. Mokta (African), 45 per cent. Durham, 25 per cent, Ring- wood, 17} per cent. Porman (Spanish). * From a paper presented at the Washington Meeting of the American Institute of Mining Engineers. weight of ore, or 1 unit of fuel to 1} units of ore. The results obtained from these two fillings were almost the same. No. 3 produced 248 tons and No. 4 produced 2624 tons during the first seven days, In both cases the first and second casts were mottled and white iron, while the third and fourth casts were silver gray iron, after which the product was No. 2 and gray forge. The mottled iron made on the sixth day of the third blast was the result of astop, AsI prefer to blow inon open gray forge iron, I endeavored, as far as possible, in filling for the fifth blast, to correct the mistakes of the third and fourth fillings, and to avoid making mot- tled and white, as well as silver gray iron. To correct the former tendency, I started with a lighter burden, and by increasing the burden faster at certain stages of blow- AGE. THE IRON 1890 June 12, hee) al) | ee | yi Dod lL atbedl stint stieta ta SSS Re ed 0 C 3 2 £ ils a § g s§| £8 §| 4 ; —— WW alt fee | fe | be | be] ba) be) eel ee) bee! teal beg — — teeter igh} gs} ap te tablet letladl eight abl ae ~ me | 4 zt 3 ek | ge | gle( eel eel ad] of lege) geet see 8 a3 Be | Ba} iS) Fe) FS) a5) 85 [Fst gay ae | a | dj ee Sh PSE ESR SE Se cE SE(/SE( SE {SE ay ae U \p-3 Waste Gas Pipe CC TT i — re WY | 7 i e205 seo He il SS \ N Rw \tAS S37 4 TTT TT Ae J: | = rT 7 ry Vy es \ \: \ FQ AX QP; tg} a” . , \ |e ee ete ay Pace a a WN ~<N=h \\ \ \\\ \ YY A =x en \ y ee 2 ae raavadaganans Uh aera \\\ Le Hf W777 SS eres ae | Wee i 3! t 1 NP <e Seen aes cttintintees —— . ——— Ss cn es eee ee ees os Fig. 1—Durham Blast Furnace.—Method of Filling. 990 THE IRON AGE. June 12, 1890 ing in, I sought to avoid making silver y iron. I started with 40 hun-|. red-weight of ore, and ended with the N ure for the fifth filling contained less | / hematite ore, which may have been an| | additional cause of the production of this | ° mottled iron. To correct this filling still further, I decided, in filling for the sixth blast, to commence with a still lighter burden than for the fifth, and to increase faster, ending with the furnace full at 80 hundred-weight of fuel to 108 hundred- weight of ore. This gave me the desired results. The first cast was good, strong gray forge, a little high in silicon, and the product for some days continued to be gray forge; and although we made a con- siderable proportion of foundry iron dur- ing the early weeks of the blast, only 30 tons of mottled was made up to the eleventh week. As this filling and blow-in had given us satisfactory results, I made no changes in filling for the seventh and eighth blasts, desiring, if possible, to confirm by repeti- tion the policy of the practice pursued. In the seventh blast our first cast, as before, was gray forge, rather high in silicon, but, by reason probably of a more favorable ore mixture, we produced some No. 2 and No. 2x during the first week. In the eighth blast, the first and second casts were gray forge, while the third cast contained 7} tons of No. 2 and 5 tons of gray forge, and for the remainder of the week the grade was gray forge. In filling a furnace I always put a scaffold or cribbing of wood up to the tuyeres, leaving an open space underneath. I think this is better than placing the wood directly on the hearth. Kindling wood is then put in front of the tuyere openings, and the furnace is lighted allaround. I prefer not to light the furnace at the front. Our furnace has a closed front, which is walled in before lighting. My objection to putting wood in the bot- tom of the furnace below the tuyeres is that in my experience I find no air can reach it, and it is likely to become covered with ashes and remain there for some time without burning. If a scaffold is put in SG ce ee furnace full at 80 hundred-weight of JSSWV ee ee. ot ea YN RE fuel to 104 hundred-weight of ore. The as : , \\ NW results show that while I thus avoided Fi WW AN , Y py making white iron, I continued to make CZ Zzzmmee Y/ NX) S \ 4 some silver gray (17} tons), and a con- Wi p 7) \VY j siderable quantity (55 tons) of mottled.| §7/774@ 4H \\\ Uy The hype of the a clearly ~ f Y YN ik cated that the mottled iron was caus ii Yyyy bs an overburden. Moreover, the ore sand y ~ 7 SN Ll SSS _ NS Le \ «KX NN “a = _— a NS NS SS SS SN Zi SANS AW \ “a — SSN - - KK SS NG KK SN SQA AAAS SS G fu Co SK SSS ASS SSS SSS Va SS < SS ae W007 >> >>> WY a Yj, WI Ui Guy SSNS S Uy SLELLLLLLLEENNN SS W | with care, there is no special danger of any f basa boven \\ YY irregular settling of the stock. At the ; \ : Durham furnace, with a hearth-diameter , Ls U of 11 feet 4 inches, a space, say 4 feet 6 WM Uy inches high, walneal the scaffold, is| 4 Holes Thas tz /) “er equivalent to only 18 inches of hight by [at hail the area in the large part of the furnace. YY, Hence, there can be no unusual movement of the stock when the scaffold burns away. Moreover, I think it is an advan tage to | have the stock move somewhat while the Ya YY wood is burning up. It doubtless lessens Ee 1 | el |) the danger of scaffolding during the blow- a Y a ing-in, and I am not sure but that the wood scaffold in the hearth is an advantage for this reason. Immediately on the top of the scaffold I put a layer of cord wood, placed horizontally; on the top of this, three tiers of wood resting on the ends, and on the top of this, the bed of fuel. Fig. 1, shows asection of the furnace as it ASA was filled for the sixth, seventh and eighth RY, blasts. In this figure, the en bee y \\¥ tween the bricks next the shell and the ee y WY \ \ Mo in-wall, is not as clearly shown as in Fig.| “Sea; 711 IXS& A XX € 2; otherwise, the drawing correctly repre- SSS \ OK | = = SS Lae ~ ee sen e furnace as wellas the filling. Th ee oy M33) rn aes faa ag ns to ae sak SRE __ Rie 7) i of the eighth blast, will, I trust, prove inter- pers RSI \ a? es Atel \ pe par eal Sd esting as showing the behavior of the fur- XS a nace until the regular burden came down: BLASTS Nos. 7&8. Furnace Notes.—In filling a furnace it often happens that part of the stock is Fig. 2.—Durham Furnace, Riegelsville, Pa. Supplement to The Iron Age, June 12, 1890, Volume XLV., No. 24, eoly ares I eee gee at at a Wo i cleeeenlenieiata — es = ul ot td tts Sl Vee P]] LONG TRAVEL 476’ fj] cass TRAVEL 40’6} MAXIMUM HOIST 25/ iil Hi HE ORIVEN BY 8f°SQUARE SHAFT Perry O22 Serie eee eee i rr sree ra ee) rrr Aabetet stot oBobni aos f ot os 14"BREECH LOADING RIFLE LENGTH 32 FEET — i ae | _--g--- ~~ » FIG. 1.—GENERAL TRANSVERSE ELEV/ FIG. 2—-GENERAL DRAWING OF END TRUCK SUPPORTING ONE END OF BRIDGE. LARGEST TRAVELING CRANE IN THE WORLD, BUILT BY THE MORGAN ENG , ne _ 2 Maximum Travel A PRR =O CAL., 18f KRUPP BUILT UP STEEL GUN, LENGTH 42 FT. WEIGHT 119 TONS - qf — ee ATION, SHOWING CRANE IN POSITION. + 1 | | | | | | | —— - —-—_-___- ome on ——- a ZT TS ES NAT a Ye =| " Z Tiiptin 4+ 371 Tririiie ee Scag a) ‘ “= rit ; re 1) | ; Hi i} a | 4. H i ih} | - Das A) Ge — ~ iG YOK Ly" : i i ‘\) Z weetet tt +-55ttet iets Lb $----4-L, boow- FIG. 3.—END VIEW OF TROLLEY. NEERING COMPANY FOR THE 12-INCH GUN SHOP, WASHINGTON NAVY YARD. June 12, 1890 THE IRON AGE, 991 more or less wet. Even when dry stock is filled, and particularly when it is left standing, if only for a day or two, while the charging ae is being adjusted, or for any other reason, more or less moisture is absorbed, and it would require some hours to kindle the furnace and get a natural draft through it. To save time, therefore, and to guard against an irregu- lar burning, I put up the tuyere pipes (through the openings in the waterbreasts or tuyere coolers), and by means of the blast engines blow a gentle pressure of air, which soon clears away the smoke and creates a natural draft. Before light- ing the furnace I close the iron notch and cinder notch The furnace is then fired at all the tuyeres. , For our No. 8 blast the furnace was lighted March 23, 1889, 4:30 p.m. 5 p.m.—Put up tuyere pipes and started engine. 6 p.m.—Smoke appeared at tunnel- head 7 p.m.—Strong draft at tunnel-head; tuyeres bright; stopped blowing. not bright and required considerable = Stock had settled 74 feet in urning up. 11 p.m.—6500 cubic feet of air. ure, $ pound. Press- Temperature, 480° F. Tuyeres brighter. Commenced filling. 12 p.m.—7000 cubic feet of air. Press- ure, 4 ws Temperature, 600° F. March 25, 3 a.m.—7500 cubic feet of air. Pressure, } pound. Temperature, 680° F. 6 a.m.—8000 cubic feet of air. Press- ure, 14 pounds. Temperature, 760° F. Tuyeres very bright; stock settling regu- larly. Filled three charges during night, each 80 hundred-weight fuel, 108 hundred- weight ore, 60 hundred-weight limestone. Stock down 7 feet. 9 a.m.—8000 cubic feet of air. Press- ure, 1$ pounds. Temperature, 860° F. Gas continued to get richer. Fires under boilers put out. 12 m.—8000 cubic feet of air. Pressure, 24 pounds. Temperature, 900°F. Could | easily carry more, but, as heat was not | needed, ( thought best to keep a reserve. Fig. 3.—Durham Furnace.—Section through Tuyeres. From this time, until the furnace was ready for blast, the tuyeres were watched with care, kept free from ashes, and regu- lated so that the draft through them would be uniform all around. Wind blowing from the west necessitated putting a brick or two in the tuycres on thatside. During the burning of the furnace the charging- bells were kept open. March 24, 7 p.m.—Cinder dripping quite freely at all tuyeres. An inspection of the iron notch and cinder notch showed a considerable amount of melted cinder, and prepartio