The Iron Age 1886-08-12: Vol 38 Iss 7

|The Iron Age Metal Trades. NS LT MIR INDEX TO READING MATTER PAGE 30 A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Published every Thursday Morning by Davip WILLIAMs, Nos. 66 and 68 Duane Street, New York. Vol. XXXVITI: No. 7. New York, Thursday, August Entered at the Post Office, New York, NOEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS PAGE 17 as Second-Class Matter. 12, 1886. $2450 a Year, Including Tostage. Single Copies, Ten Cents. A New Hot-Air Engine. A new hot-air engine built by Mr. S. Girandon, Paris, France, is described In a/| recent issue of the Annales Industrielles, to ' whom we are indebted for the engravings on this page and the particulars. The engine, which may be heated by means of an ordinary gas-burner or a petro- leum lamp, consists of a sheet-iron cylinder, C, in which works a piston, P, of the same material, fitting loosely, so as to allow a clearance space all around of from about 0,04 to 0.08 inch. Throughout the length of the piston passes the rod B, working two connecting-rods and cranks, F F’ and G G, in the way shown in Fig. 3. The shaft car- ries two balance-wheels, V V’. On the upper part of the engine is mounted a small air- pump, H, worked by a back-acting connecting- rod, L, which is connected with one of the balance wheels. The upper end of the air- pump cylinder communicates with the cor- responding end of the cylinder C through the pipe i. The whole engine is mounted on a cast iron bed-plate, N, on which also is arranged a sheet-iron water reservoir Q, as shown, The burner from which the motive power is derived is placed within the bed- plaie at O. : . In explaining the working of the engine we will assume that the piston occupies the position indicated in Fig. 3. The air in the space a of the cylinder C becoming heated expands and drives the piston to the top of its stroke. Having attained this position the piston commences to descend, being car- ried along by the momentum of the small fly-wheels V V’. At this time, however, the pump H draws the hot air from X to the upper end X' of the cylinder C, above the piston P, the air, of course, passing through the narrow space between the piston and cylinder walls. Being thus in a thin layer and at the same time in contact with the upper portion of the cylinder C, which is cooled by the water reservoir, its tempera- ture and volume are rapidly reduced. The piston P continues to descend t» the end of its stroke, to the point, in otier words, where the space x, having becqnic suff- ciently small, permits a rapid beating of the air which it contains, and thus starts the piston on a new stroke. The engine, it will thus be understood, is practically single- acting. It should be remarked that the same vol- ume of air is used over and over again, being at one time in the cool upper portion of the cylinder, and at the other in contact with the highly heated cylinder head A at the bottom. Figs. 1 and 2 represent side and top views of the engive. Modern Artillery. From a recent issue ot the Army and Navy Register we take the appended article on ‘‘ Modern Artillery.” In view of recent ex- periences abroad with heavy guns it will be read with special interest : The recommendation of the Gun Foundry Board that in the manufacture of steel guns private manufacturers should produce the rough forgings of guns while the Govern- ment should furnish and assemble the parts, thus making both mutually independent, is well borne out by the experience in Euro both, before and since the date of their opinion. In France (whose system they recommend) there is alone at the present day a well-founded confidence, both on the part of the Government and the manufacturers themselves, that large guns can be made which shall have that certainty, that regu larity and homogeneity of manufacture and that perfection of theoretical design which shall make them more to be dreaded by foes than friends. Early in last month in England a 43-ton gun on board the Collingwood burst with only a three-quarter charge of slow-burning powder, i. e., 221% pounds cocoa powder instead of 295 pounds, the projectile being filled with water and weighing 714 pounds. About 8 feet of the muzzle was blown off, one-fourth the length of the gun, and the covering hoop was split about 6 inches back of the fracture, the split extending entirely through the jacket to the tube beneath. If there was consternation on board the - wood, where fortunately no one-was inju there was more at the Admiralty and at Woolwich over the probable condition of the 11 guns of the same kind already on board the ships at Portsmouth. The Colos- sus, now on a preliminary cruise with the channel squadron, was immediately ordered not to fire her guns, although as Mr. Hib- bert told the House of Commons, according to the Army and Navy Gazette, ‘‘ her cap- tain had permiesion to use them should he meet and e an enemy.” The entire scientific and military press of England has risen with one voice to demand @ most and rigid inquiry as to who is to blame, w the London Times, with no uncertain voice, has made known its opiniun to the terrified authorities in a manner not to be mistaken. Strange as it may appear, Colonel Hope, a well-known artillerist, who was oace military attaché in the United tors. The integrity of the ordnance com-| is impossible for any committee or board of | steel and breech-loading. ut not entirely, generally known, as it is of recent date, and mittee has been openly impugned, and it is| officers to escape mud-flinging from disap- | for in 1880 a 1o0-ton muzzle-loading Arm-| is worth describing at length These guns asserted by the Admiralty and Horse| pointed and envious people, there is abund strong gun burst on board the Duilio, and in are breech-loaders, and have the tube in two Guard’s Gazette that Armstrong, Noble, | ant reason why the results of gun manufac- | 1881 a7 inch Armstrong on board the Ar | pieces, undoubtedly on account of cheapness Rendel, Campbell, Dyer, Jones and a host of | ture in England should be unfortunate, as | gentine vessel Parana was found defective. | 7* . a ae = ¥ 3 Fig. 1.—Side Elevation of Upper Part of the Engine, Showing the Air Pump. rT | il <y) mherrry agg tee Ro Fig. 2.—Top View. A NEW HOT-AIR ENGINE, BUILT BY S. GIRANDON, States, had inspected these very guns of the | others in and out of the Government are in | will be shown further on. That it has been Collingwood only a few days before the acci- a ring which controls the entire manufac- unfortunate is easily illustrated. Years ago dent, and bad written to the Admiralty his | ture of a poor quality of war material for | the explosion on board the Thunderer, which decided doubtedly ; test upon which all kinds of virulent attecks | have been made upon the authorities by | description concerning government officers, | to follow in the path that the Continent had | disappointed inventors and partisan agita- | for experience in this imicn that the guns would un-/| the English Government and for all foreign- | never was rationally explained, startled all This fact has served as a | ers who deal with Armstrong & Co. w ’ England; and after the experience of Witbout giving weight to assertions of this | Meppen the English, in 1878, finally decided al \ EY Sor 4 Fig. 3.—Longitudinal Section, PARIS, FRANCE. The slipping of the tubes of some of the guns of the Alexandra, at the bombardment |of Alexandria, is also to be noted, and more | lately the unexplained bursting of the 6-inch |gun on board the Active, Finally, the experience of the Italians : with their later 100-ton Armstrong guns of country shows that it | long been pursuing, viz, the adoption of | the Duilio, Dandola, Lepanto, &c., is not | ibers completely finished. It works for the and the lack of proper facilities on the part of Armstrong & Co. for making large single forgings. The two parts of the tube are butted together, and are held in place by heavy clamps on the outside let in flush with the surface, the joint of the two parts of the tube being made gas-tight by a copper ring or cylinder, which is forced into a score in the butting end. During a recent target practice, on wash- ing out two of these guns, it was discovered that water dropped from between the hoops of the gun ata point almost directly opposite the joint of the tubes inside. A careful inspec- tion developed the fact that the two parts of the tube had not only separated sufficiently to let the water through, but that the inner end of the section of tube toward the muzzle was reamed out to a depth of +, inch and for a distance of ,; inch along the tube. As neither of the guns had ever been fired but 46 times, this result is doubtless di- rectly due to the unequal expansion of the two parts of the tube, the part towards the muzzle not having received its expansion due to the burning of the powder before the projectile reaches it, and this being the case the difficulty is inevitable and irre- mediable in large guns constructed with the tube in two pieces. The Italians have since found that the same defect has begun to show itself in all their other guns of the same type. Now, where can we find reasons that will account for this mournful array of facts ? The fault of the later Armstrong guns at Spezzia undoubtedly lies in the design ; but there is something else, and there is no need to ascribe it to bribery and corruption on the part of Government officers or collusion of any kind with favored contractors ; the difficulty lies in the fact that English manu- facturers, one and all of them, furnish the cheapest steel in the world, and in order to make cheap steel into guns it is neeessary to lower the Government requirements of physical characteristics, temper, &c., to a point where no reliable gun can be made. The old saying that ‘‘a silk purse cannot be made from a sow’s ear”? was never more ap- plicable than to gun steel The very best of material must be used in the composition of the steel or it will not stand the work that is necessary to put into it to make it homogen- eous, and it will not temper; that material and that work and that treatment must be paid for by the consumer. The design of the Collingwood gun was, according to the Army and Navy Gazette, the result of the delibera- tions of the officials of Woolwich and the War Office and the representatives of the two great gun-making firms of Armstrong and Whitworth. Where in all England could be found a more responsible or more intelligent commission than that, and does it not seem rational to suppose that a fault in the design would be developed on the prov- ing ground ¢ Whitworth furnishes steel for from 20 to 25 cents per pound, and other people in England for somewhat less, while it is well known that Creusot, in France, and Krupp, in Germany, ask and receive from their re- spective Governments and foreigners 50 per cent, more than that. And what does this mean? It means that more money is put into the material and plant and more brains into the manufacture, and both must be paid for. Let any one compare the English and French Government requirements for phys ical characteristics in gun steel. While the English want for both tubes and hoops from 38 to 48 tons tensile strength, they only de- mand 8.2 per cent. elongation, measured on a test specimen on which the French Govern ment requires 36 to 40 tons and 12 per cent. elongation for tubes and 14 per cent. for hoops. Examine the Woolwich test require- ments of 1883 and the French requirments of many years earlier. It is hardly possible that a French 6-inch tube would burst while lying on the floor of the shop after being tempered, as occurred at Woolwich about the time of the Active explosion. The rigid inspection at every step required by the French government is almost unknown in England ; as a consequence there is a lack of that homogeneity which careful working of good material with powerful means will always bring about. The French seem to be content with the hammer for all forg ings, provided the mammer be large enough, but the hydraulic press is cheaper, and perhaps it is immaterial how the pressure is secured go that enough tons per square inch are applied with suf ficient rapidity while the metal is at the right temperature, but though Whit- worth will guarantee any physical re quirements he will allow no inspection (at least of foreigners), and the gaalieed tests made by other people from his forgings are often disappointing. There is apt to be a lack of homogeneity in single pieces and au unreliability in successive lots of steel that do not inspire confidence. In a very able article in a late number of Le Yacht on the Collingwood explosion the writer calls particular attention to the fact that in France, whatever may be the ability of a private manufacturer, he is forced to go to the corps d’artillerie for the scientific experiences which are necessary to guide him, and it is not only the State who knows how to construct guns with the material of private manufacturers, but private industry itself is able to deliver artillery of all cal- AF whe m, “C3 al = ‘4 Merton * o THE IRON AGE. August 12, 1886, THE PLUME & ATWOOD MFE.C0.|\WASHBURN .x MOEN MANUF'G CO,, MANUFACTURERS OF Worcester, Mass., New York City, Chicago. Sheet and Roll Brass EVERY WIR EB ” FOR ALL VARIETY OF PURPOSES. AND WIRE, Hard and Soft Drawn Copper Wire for Electrical Purposes ; Galvarized Lron and Steel Telegraph and Telephone Wire ; Glidden Patent Steel ANSONIA BRASS AND COPPER CO., MANUFACTURERS OF PURE COPPER WIRE, For Blectrical Purposes, Bare and Covered, Hi , O'NEILS'S PATENT PLANISHED = ee | coma. |Waterbury Brass Co, Seamless Brass and W.E. DODGE, we gg ene ESTABLISRED 18465. GERMAN SILVER AND GILDING METAL, sue™ — onus Sheet Roll and Platers’ Brass COPPER RIVETS AND BURRS, COPPER Barb Wire ; Watch and Clock Main Springs ; Eyeglass Springs; Steel @. P. COWLES, Patent Nickel- German Sil Copper, Brass and : ELECTRICAL WIRE, Wire for Needles and Drills ; Patent Steel Wire Bale Ties ; eet cones Pump Chain ; Two Strand Twisted and Flat Twisted Fence V.-P. and Treas. a, A. COWLES, Secretary. Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kerosene Burners, Lamp Trimmings, §¢. Wore, without Barbs ; Fence Staples, Stretchers, &c.; Bright, Annealed, Tinned, and Galvanized and Copper Wire, on Spools 1 oz. to 1 db. Plated — ’ German Silver Wire, Brass and > Copper Tubing, Copper Rivets and Burs, Brass Kettles, Door Rail, Brass Tags, Per- cussion Caps, Powder Flasks, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Meas- ures, &c., and small Brass Wares of every description. Ansonia Refined Ingo t Copper, Anchor Brand ; LAKE INGOT COPPER. os 19 & 21 CHM Street, NEW YORK. 18 MURRAY ST., NEW YORK, 71 PEARL ST., BOSTON, 115 LAKE ST., CHICAGO. WwiREt ROPE AND CABLE. “ > SS —— — Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. PHELPS DO DGE & C0 Sole Agents for the CAPEWELL MFG. co.’s " Line of Sporting Goods. Rolling Mill | Factories, _ THOMASTON, CONN. WATERBURY, CONN. BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Galvanized Iron Wire Rope for Ships’ Rigging, &c. Galvanized Steel Wire Cables for Suspension Bridges. Transmission and Standing Ropes, Hoisting Ropes, Tiller Ropes, Switch Ropes, Copper, Iron and Tinned Sash Cord, Phosphor-Bronze and Copper Wire IMPORTERS OF DEPOTS: MILLS AT 296 Broadway, New York. WATERBURY, Sheet and Roll Brass, Rope, Wire Clothes Lines, Picture Cord, Galvanized Wire Seizing, and all the Fixtures I | N Pp fe A I E 125 Eddy St., Providence, R. I. CONN. and Appliances required for use with the foregoing. eee yy _ BRASS AND COPPER WIRE AND TUBING, SEND FOR PRICE LISTS, CIRCULARS AND DESCRIPTIVE PAMPHLETS. Roofing Plate, Sheet Iron, Copper, SEAMLESS AND BRAZED TUBING, COPPER ; Pir Tin, Wire, Zine te (NeW Haven Copper Co. AND IHON RIVETS, NEW YORK WAREHOUSE : CHICAGO WAREHOUSE : so 7 ’ SOLE MAKERS OF Gllecs and Comppdores, Lanterns onl Trimaings, 16 CU Street. 107 & 109 Lake Street. Clocks and Fly Fan Movements, Lamps and Trimmings, Kerosene Burners, Plumbers’ Mate Particular attention d to cutting out Blanks and manufacturing Metal Goods. coppers=brass, (POLISHED COPPER Under Patent of T. James, Sept. 12, 1876. ALSO MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN (Ratabiiahed 8:2) BRAZIERS’ & SHEATHING COPPER: SCOVILL MFG. COMPANY Kettles, Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, &c. WATERBURY, - OONN., Manufacturers of ALSO MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS.—Sheet Brass, Brass Wire, Brass Tu ; : ; GERMAN j Sheet German n Suv, German silver Cast Steel Augers and Rits of Superior Quality. BET Faus, ete elds, Broad, Desk. Ship, | 294 Pearl St.. NEW YORK. SUPTONS, | oad, Lito, lasting Ai and Dros | DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO. eet lon po burner, Kerosene Lamps IMPORTERS OF sO cat Lee. mala owe, Giese &2.1 TIN PLATE, PIG TIN, SHEET IRON, neat beh COPPER, WIRE, ZINC, ETC., DEPOTS: e Broems Guest, Ben Tux. 29 and 31 Cliff St., cor. Fulton, DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool NEW YORK. MANUFACTORY, WAREHOUSE, CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. Bridgeport, Conn. | 19 Murray St., N. ¥. Holmes, Booth & Haydens, Re sin Sees WATERBURY CONN. : ‘ pe). > VLA NEW YORK, BOSTON, 25 Park Place. 18 Federal St. 22 Murray St. Manufacturers of all kinds of Brass, Copper & German Silver, ROLLED AND IN SHEETS. Brass and Copper Wire, Tubing, Copper Rivets and Burs. BRASS AND IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. GERMAN SILVER Spoons, SILVER- PLATED FORKS AND SPOONS, KEROSENE BURNERS, &c. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Le AGKs.: ¥ J i} ROW HA ia) 177 Devonshire Street, Boston. 183 Lake Street, Chicago. PORTAGE IRON COMPANY ‘LimiTED), MANUFACTURERS OF IRON AND STEEL ABRAM 8. HEWITT, Pres’t. Treas WM. HEWITT, Vice'Pres’t. tAHANSON, Seo. THE TRENTON IRON CO., (INCORPORATED 1847,) MANUFACTURERS OF [RON AND STEEL WIRE, 4%D oF Bars, Rods, Shafting, Hoops, Bands, Angles, &c., AGENTS FOR Made Exclusively From Pig Iron. Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co,,\@teel WVire Bale Ties. DEALERS IN Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, No. 1. HOOK and LOOP FIXED LENGTH TIE. Antimony, Solder & Old Metals, 100 John Street, New York. PASSAIC ZING CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Pure Spelter FOR Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes AND ALL FINE WORK, Also for GALVANIZERS AND BRASS FOUNDERS. MANNING & SQUIER Gen’! Agents, 111 LIBERTY ST. (2d Floor), NEW YORK. DUNCANSVILLE, PA. Freight Rates same as Pittsburgh. A. R. WHITNEY & CO., Selling Agents, 17 Broadway, P. O. Box 33, New York City. THE SAMSON is the Best, the Simple and most Po - WIRE STRETCHER in the Market. Line of Draft direct; always Self-Adjust- ing; Rigid Double Handle; Double Paw! ; it works at either end of the fence, at either side of the post and either side up, LIGHT, PORTABLE, SIMPLE, SURE. For sale by all leading wholesale Jobbing Hardware Houses and Barb Wire men ip the United States. MANUFACTURED ONLY BY SAMSON NOVELTY WORKS Nos. 14 & 16 Main St. De Kalb, Ills. AND IN CANADA BY BULLOCK HARDWARE OO., Otterville, Ontario. 98 Reade Street, lowa Barb Wire Co., “new vor MSTABLISHED 1887. i. 8, CHASE, INOORPORATED 1876, Sec’y & Treas. Waterburv Mfg. Co., No. 2. CLOSED HOOK ADJUSTABLE LENGTH TIE. Prices and Discounts on Application. Works and Office at TRENTON, NEW JERSEY. New York Office, COOPER, HEWITT & CO., 17 Burling Slip. Philadelphia Office, 21 N. Fourth Street. WIRE ROPE HAZARD M*F¥’G Co vuumoon: §7 Liberty St., Mew York. Wilkesbarre, Pa. GEO, W, PRENTISS & CO,, HOLYOKE, MASS. Manufacturers of IRON . WIRE, Send for Price List showing our liberal Dis. counts to the Wholesale Trade. Bright, Coppered, Annealed and Tin Plated. Also GUN SCREW WIRE Of all sizes, straightened and cut to order. A. LESCHEN & SONS ROPE CoO. WATERBURY, CONN., & 3 Manufacturers of = Brass Goods ae : sr: WIRE ROPE Fe re ee sau ze sg 2 2 c= Py = a vay THE WI R E GOO DS Co., 903 and 905 N. MAIN STREET, 8ST. LOUIS, MO. Correspondence invited. WORCESTER, MASS, a hs *s pik cote Big nat ry Ti, Sree We ety Da taecroums or OO WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY, Clothes Line Wire, Hooks and Rings, Towel Racks and Splasher LEAD PIPE CUTTERS 227-251 So. Clinton St., Chicago. 70-76 Trinity Place, New York. + wae Holders. Wire Nails in all sizes and varieties. Wires cut, bent, milled, headed, pointed, threaded, and made to any desired shape. Special! articles made to order. A.W. PARMELEE, Pres’, THE WIRE GOODS CO,, "°xis™ INDISPENSABLE TO PLUMBERS. No. : cuts:in.tozin. Sent, postpaid, for $1.75. No. 2 “ - “ r “ oo +. 7 1.50 COMPLETE AND PERFECT ELECTRIC LIGHTING SYSTEM, For Central Stations or Isolated Plants: All kinds of Electrical Apparatus and Supplies. D1scouNT TO THE TRADE. Send for Lustrations, BROCKTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ae ee Mo as - cy) \W This fur the These tion of Steel, a and hes Toe } inventi every 1 the Wre they ar welded § the raw Full p Ww. WIk Thoro ror prices BIRMI BI PA a “They pemeaprenmr mess is ai August 12, 1886. THE IRON AGE CARY cé& MOEN, MANUFACTURERS 0, LINDEMANN & CO., - BIRD MANUFACTURERS. OF Japanned, Brass, Tin Plated and Wood ) > . > S el > S > ha re) > ae ~ oar ~~ sS be a VILASLISISIIISSI ISIS a Market @Bteei Wire, Cris O1ine Wire, Tempered and Covered, Also PATENT TEMPERED STEEL FURNITURE SPRINGS, constantly on hand. _ 884, 286 236 and 238 West 29th nd 238 West 29th Street, NEW | NEW YORK, : svg) RON AND BRASS RIVETS, STUDS, PINS, SCREWS, &c. For Manufacturers of Light Hardware. BLAKE & JOHNSON, Watersury, Conn. All the Toe Calk Steel furnished by the Gautier Steel Dept. of Cambria Iron Co. will bear the following label on yellow paper in black letters: 254 PEARL STREET, NEW YORK. Successors to W. 8. orEke. Gautier Steel Dept. °SSANSTSWN?PSo” | Toe Steel. x It is made from special soft stock, will Wire sek tn "teen Made ans] bend double without breaking, weld freely, oki thee” a ace ie and harden sufficiently to cut glass. ~] . Following sizes carried in stock for the CLEVELAND. OHIO. — “THORN WIRE HEDGE CO. accommodation of our patrons: STEEL BARB WIRE FENCING. MANUFACTURERS OF Revolving Coal Screens, Square Toe Calk in stock, 3-8, 7-16, 1-2, 9-16, 5-8. Flat Toe Calk in Stock, 3-8 a 1-4, 1-2, 5-8, 3-4, 7-8 wx 7-16, 3-8, 7-16, 1-2, 5-8 x 8-16, 5-8, 354, 1-8, 2 @ 1-9, 1-9, 5-8, 8-4, 7-8 «= 38 3-4, 7-8, 1 w 8-8, Best Steel. Painted and Galvanized. This Steel is put up in bundles of 50 to 100 pounds. New York Office, Chicago Office, 104 BEADE 8T., 202 First Nat. Bank Building, Best Wire Made. [No. 159] Does Not Lacerate Stock, NS a um ee — teiaoenmengpeenes = a =) eg EIS EE Ee Estab’d 1818, nr 1874. - Kelly ”* Yielding Steel Points. Philadelphia Office, 523 ARCH sr, GILBERT & BENNETT MFG. C0. : WAREHOUSES : 42 Cliff St., New York. 228 Lake St., Chicago, Ills. MANUFACTURERS OF B Iron & Galvanized Wire : Sleves and Wire (leth. Power Loom Pointed and fet Cloth Galv ised wv, an for Drying feb Wire ie ire’ Cloth ranised Web tre rand ire Poultry “Red Star.” Covered with Celebrated Kelly Point. \liress THORN WIRE HEDGE CO., CHICAGO. ~ ‘THE UNITED STATES Mitis Company,'NIEN-TSI CHINESE LACQUER, Manufactured by ALBERT ASSMAN & SONS. UNEQUALLED FOR DURABILITY. Prevents Iron, Steel, Brass, Nickel, Copper, By 2 all compositions from corroding. Also resists dampness, KEROSENF O12 on™ *4 and FLY D be applied without heating a Themmenenanmianetmenl vail Agents, H. §. ALLEN & CO., 112 John St., New York. fur the use of the several Patents owned by them. ould call spec! tion to manufacturers of Agricultural Implements, Mach inery and A These Patents cover processes for the produc- Sample: le and Prices sent on applicatio rehitectural “agama emetic) | ANE'S PATENT STEEL DOOR HANGER, Steel, and improvements in furnaces for melting and heating. The most perfect Anti-Friction Hanger in the Market, BHBCAUSE Factories, Georgetown, Conn. 26 Broadway, New York. Toe Mitis Castings made in accordance with the inventions covered by these Patents retain in every respect all the valuable qualities of the Wrought Iron and Steel (Scrap) from which a It is made of steel throughout, except the wheel whi they are made, do not require annealing, can be vast) steelaxle. It will not break. It is practically free trom ao It welded and worked under the hammer as well as | / a is almost noiseless in action. It requires no oil. It has.a broad the raw materials, nT an bearing on the door, and keeps in line. It is by far the most Full particulars furnished on application. . ! durable. It may be used with any track. It is always in order, ri LANW’S PATENT TRACK ni Is made of steel and 1s easily put in position. Catches and holds W. F. DURFEE, VS ner ice. | Door hung thereon eannot jump the track. is mot subjec eca. res no ng. ready at General Manager, be used with aleors of other manufacture. ven, Mey Reom 67. 26 Broadway, NEW YORK. YORK.| “Manafactared by LANE BROS., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. WIRE WAIL MACHINES JOHN H. GRAHAM & CO., General Agents, 113 Chambers Street, NEW YORK. PHOSPHOR-BRONZE For Bearings, Slide Valves, Cylin- der Rings, Cross-Head Gibs, Steps, Bushings, and all purposes where * Maximum Durability, Anti-Frictiona! and Non-Cutting Qualities are desir- able. Pump Rods, Bolts and Nuts, Machine and Wood Screws, &c., &e. Combine Toughness, Strength, DY, Bi. i : : ¥ 4 sbility and Resistance to Corrosion, apfiher- CObUC, " Castings of all kinds to order. Send HARDMAN PATENT. Thoroughly Tested and in Suc- cessful Operation. tor prices and particulars address the Manufacturers, BIRMINGHAM IRON FOUNDRY, FOUNDERS AND MACHINISTS, BIRMINGHAM, CONN, E.T. BARNUM, for pamphlet and prices. MANUFACTURER THE PHOSPHOR-BRONZE SMELTING Co. LTD., IRE AND ” “No. 512 Arch Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA. IRON WORK | owners of the U.8. Phosphor-Bronze Patents. Sole Manufacturers of Phosphor-Bronze in the U. 8. Detroit, Mich THE CELEBRATED ‘) . (ago .| SILVER FINISH” Epa] Yor saleby alldcalerein U5. 4. Galvanized POULTRY NETTINGS. ry THE PARLOR MPG. O% |voR SALE BY THE HARDWARE TRADE. GET THE BEST. CAGES. STEEL MARE for all purposes and STEEL SPRINGS of every seeorigton. Reservoir The Fred J. Myers Mfg, Co., COVINGTON, KY., MANUFACTURERS OF Iron and Wire Goods of all Kinds for Lawns, Parks, &c. Also Wrought- Iron Fencing, Cresting and Hardware Specialties, Inst Sena for Illus and Price » Wire Cloth trated Catalogue This is a New and Rich Design, and one of the handsomest Settees in the market, The Reservoir will hold sufficient water to last from 10 to 15 days. ia aes co Sm Ua Nea VO L/S ecciaiala' Sl ied a ee MASS.\ LUDLOW -SAYLOR nF CO., st. rioOUIsS, MO. ARAN XQ) i ean xy nite § es (XX) os Sg RSS OS SSS — a ONS See Green, Drab, Figured and Land- | Wecarry a full stock of all widths p AORBER Lhe W ei WIRE CLOTH. WIRE ROPE, Cellist Railings, Window Guards, lron and Wire Fences, Plain and Barbed Fencing Wire. ROOF CRESTING, Tower Ornaments, Vanes, and Stable Fittings. FULL LINE OF EACH MANUFACTURED BY National Wire & Iron Co., TO" Send for Catalogue, stating your wants. Liberal Discounts to the Trade, JOHN A, McOOBH, Sec. and Treas. LIFTER AND CARRIER. THOMPSON McOOSH, President, BARB WIRE NO DANGER OF CUT TING HANDS OB TEAR ING CLOTHES, SAVES THE PRICE OF THE LIFTER MANY TIMES EVERY DAY, Manufactured Solely by (PaTENTED.] Hawkeye Steel Barb Fence Co., Burlington, lowa. Our Agents, John H. Graham & Co.,113 Chambers $t., carry stock of our Lifters and Will supply al Factory prices, The above cut represents Preston's Patent Braided Cable Wire Fence Rail, manufactured by the HOLLOW CABLE MFG. ©O., Hornelisville, N. ¥. We also manufacture extensively tour different sizes Wire Clothes Lines. Send for Circulars and Price Lists. O. 8. CHAMBERLAIN, 55 Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill. THE BILLINGS & SPENCER CO. HARTFORD CONN VIAINUTA ‘meee \ ( ; TANDARD MACHINE WREN SINGLE AND DOUBLE ENI IN 16 SIZES. ROP FORGED OF BAR STFFI ae a1 CM) U0 SSE 28970) UP TO AND INCLUDING 8 NUTS FORI4 INCHEOLISA ¢y (8 £9 ED © 4 a AND ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF STEELAND IRON DROP FORGINGS WICKWIRE BROTHERS, CORTLAND, N. ¥., MANUFACTURERS OF WirRE CLOTH AND WIRE Goons. Dish Covers, Corn Poppers, ear : INDO N Coa Sieves, SORKE Flour Sieves, WIRE CLOTH. Etc., Etc. Metallic Coal Bleve. 8 i ee oe i= es a ES ¥ i ae ee - ert wd eh ' 5 - . J) ea - oy ~ > ge * = or o- —~ o~, — ~* chews _ — ) to 4. OGDEN & %» WALLACE, Marshall Lefferts & Co., 85, 87, 89 & 91 Elm St,, New York. Iron => Steel Of every description kept in stock. Agents for Park, Brother & Co.°s BLACK DIAMOND STEEL. All sizes of Cast and Machinery Steel con- stantly on hand. PIERSON & CO, (ESTABLISHED 1790.) IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN IRON and STEEL, And GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 25, 26 & 27 West Street, NEW YORK. ABEL BROTHERS, ESTABLISHED 176s, Iron * Merchants, 190 SOUTH ST., 365 WATER ST., * NEW YORK. “ CATASAUQUA” IRON. Large Assortment of Extra Heavy Sizes on Hand. “ARM CO.’’ SHAFTING,. Also general assortment of owey: Ulster Refi Bar, Band, Hoop, Scroll, Angle Iron Stee Seas & of all kinds, &c. A. R, WHITNEY & CO,, MANUFAOTUBERS OF AND DEALERS lronand Steel AGENCIES: PORTAGE TRON O©O., Limited, Merehant Stee! and ~ 42 and pon Soft nOnes STEEL & IKON ©O, Bay STATE IRON CO., Tank, Boiler and Girder BRANDYWINE ROLLING MILL. Boiler Plates. 0 oral 00 Wasa foe Pn A. iM. ° ro nm Pipe. CARNEGIE BROS. & & CO, Limited, Iron and BROOKLYN WIRE NAIL CO., Steei Wire Nails THE son gece podriesre PIPE AND TUBE CO. ‘i ree Structures n--- desert ous for Gest ron of every To cuts of all iron made sent Lron and us ene & ot 70 & 71 WEST ST., L, N. LOVELL, ©. A. vara e, “i New York. H, L. F D, Agents for the sale of FALL RIVER IRON WORKS CO.'S Nails, Bands, Hoops and Rods. DANVILLE NAIL & MFG. CO.’S NAILS AND SPIKES. BORDEN MINING CO.’S CUMBERLAND COAL. IMPORTED & AMERICAN PIG IRON. LAKE SUPERIOR CHARCOAL IRON, For Malleable and Car-Wheel Purposes, 4 SPECIALTY. CHARLES HIMKOD & CO., CHICAGO AND DETROIT. BOLT & RIVET CLIPPERS, Por cutting off the ends of Bolts and Rivets, on carriages, wagons, harness, &c. Ask for them where you buy your hardware, or send for cir- ular and price list. CHAMBERS, BROTHER & CO., é2nd Sr, Betow Lancasrer Ave., PHIL ILADEUPHIA, Pa. PASSAIC ROLLING MILL CO. Manufacture and have always in stock IRON BEAMS, Channels, Angles, Tees, Merchant Bars, Riveted Work, ; Forgings, Eye Bars, £¢., PATERSON, N. J. a= Room 45, Astor +5, Astor House, New York. NAILS, Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &c. DOVER IRON CO,’S Boiler Rivets. Boiler Brace Jaws, Socket Bolts, BAR IRON. FULLER BROTHERS & CoO., ROLLED NOEPT 1389 GREENWICH THE TRON AGE. man St,, New York City. aanaiaaas oF Galvanized Sheet Iron, Best Bloom, Best Refined and Common. nd Fence ; ppecentecs Galvanized Wire, Telegraph a or ter iron, Hoop and Band Iron, Galvan galvanized Nails, Galvanized Chain. Galvanised Iro “CORRUGATED SHEET IRON For Roofing, &¢,, Galvanized, Plain or Painted. Best Charcoal, Best Refined and Common SHEET IRON. PLATE AND TANK Iron, C. No. 1, C. H. No. 1, C. H. ‘og 1 Flange, Best Flange, Best Flange Fire Box, Cire ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF IRON WORK GALVANIZED OR TINNED TO ORDER. Price list and quotations sent upon application. IRON AND NAIL CO.. Cut Nails SPIKES. J. & SCRANTON, Sales Agent, 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, NEW YORK. BURDEN'S HORSE SHOES. “Burden Best’ B. FF. JUDSON, Importer of and Dealer in SCOTCH AND AMERICAN Pig Iron, WROUGHT & CAST SCRAP IRON, OLD METALS. 459 Water St., *t NEW YORK. 33 & 388 South St, HICKS & DICKEY, 413 Commerce St. St., PHILA., PA. fron, Steel & Forgings THE BURDEN IRON CO. TROY N. Y. Iron Boiler Rivets. sTEeEL CASTINGS. MERCHANT IRON & SOFT STEEL. COLD ROLLED & TURNED SHAFTING. AGENCIES : CROWN & CUMBERLAND STEEL CO., CAST TOOL STEEL. HARTMAN STEEL CO., Ltd., Tire, Toe, Sleigh, Machinery, Spring Steel, &c. CHARLES L. BAILEY & CO,, Chesapeake Nails. HARTMAN STEEL CO., Ltd., Steel Wire Nails, JOHN FOX, Cast Iron Gas and Water Pipe. 2 to 48 Inches Diameter, 160 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO,, SCOTCH AND AMERICAN PIG IRON, No. 63 Wall ‘Bt. New York. DANIEL F. COONEY, 88 Washington St., New York, IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATES GLASGOW IRON CO PINE TRON WORKS. ALLISON BOILER FLUES. OX MUZZLES VERY LOW IN PRICE. JOHN BROWER, 81 Murray Street, WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., Iron Merchants, Cor. ALBANY & WASHINGTON STS., NEW YORK CITY. Wm. Bispham. £. C. Wallace. Wm. H. Wallace. WM. McFARLAND, lron and Brass Founder, TRENTON, N. J. Chilled Cast Wire Dies a Specialty. Any size or style made at short notace, R. 0 WOOD & CO. PHILADELPHIA Cast Iron. Pipe FOR WATER AND GAS, LAMP POSTS, VALVES, ETC. Mathew’s Pat. Anti-Freezing Hyorants. 400 OHESTNUT STREET. A.GARRISON, 1. H. RICKETSON, WM. HOLMES, A. GARRISON & CoO., Manufacturers of Sand, Patent Homogeneous, MiChilled Rolls, BOTH SOLID AND HOLLOW. ——@— Ore and Clay Pulverizers, Rotary Squeezers, ing Mill Castings of every description. Ii! Reade St, New York, STEEL AND IRON NAILS. Bonnell, Botsford & Co., IRON, NAILS AND SPIKES YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. VARIETY METAL BOOM. iron Foundry and Machine Shop. Vertical Engines, Hydranta, Fire Plugs, £0. VPRAS. B. SANNAN, ST. NEW YORE. Pottsville, Schuylkill Co., Pa. Haskin's Patent Double Spiral Pinions, and Rolil- Office, Nos. 10 4 12 WOOD S8T., PITTSBURGH, PA. CHAS. J. STEBBINS, |o August 12, 1886. JAMES P. WITHEROW OXFORD. 0. won & co., td, rrmepone rs Engineer & Contractor, Lewis Block, PITTSBURGH, Pa., | | | GENERAL AGENT FOR | | | WHITWELL FIRE-BRICK STOVES AND CLAPP-GRIFFITHS PATENTS FOR MANJFACTURE OF SOFT STEEL, specially adapted for A No. 1 Boiler Plates Patented April 8th, 1873 ; am gh. 1873 ; Oct, 6th, 1874 5 Jan, 11, 1876; Oct. , 1876; Jan. Boiler Rivets, Wire Rods, Stay Bolts, rith 77; Feb. 6th, 1877} Dee " roth, 1878 ; Jan. roth, 1882 : Jan. rst, 1884 oo rath, 1884 ; March 4th, 1884 ; Jan. 6th, 18 Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to the IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, and at a less price. MANUFACTURERS OF PATENT Planished Sheet Tron. | Stamping Ware, Nail Plates, &c. Will contract to completely erect, equip and place in operation Blast Furnace Whit- well Stoves and Steel Plants as above. As ALso Common, Refined Charcoal and Juniata | I ere at our own works everything GRADES OF appertaining to Blast Furnace and Steel BLACK SHEET IRON Works construction, can guarantee prompt- Smooth on both sides. ness and satisfaction. -/ Manhattan ‘Rolling Mill. SYRACUSE MALLEABLE IRON’ J. LEONARD, SVR [tT a 179 Bank st, NEW YORK, HORSE SHOE IRON, Mower and Reaper Castings ana | _ ‘ve calk ster, Rois, Ovals, Half Ovals and Flats, Carriage Irons a Specialty. | HEN RY KELL Y, W. B. BURNS, Proprretor.| PUBLIC AccouNTANT, 925 Walnut St., PHILADELPHIA, Pa. EVERSON, HAMMOND & CO., Spoceaty Iron and Steel Manufacturers’ Cost LIMITED, unts and oe Settlements. Late Chief Accountant to Cam ria Jron Company. PITTSBURGH, PA.,, Howard, Childs & Ce-, Sheet Steel/Commission Merchants, For Roofing and © ating. Boom 20, Lewis Block, Pittsburgh, Pa. ——$—$—$_$___— /ron and Steel of all Descriptions, OPEN-HEARTH STEEL, INGOTS and BILLETS. } Iron and Steel Nails, Heavy Hardware, SHEET IRON, All Grades. CoaeHods, Dripping Pans, &c. >t nd Soe. Pittsburgh Manufactured Goods of all Kinds. CORRUGATED AND CRIMPED IRON ROOFING & SIDING SS Correspondence solicited. E. JENCKES MANFG. CO.. PAWTUCKET, R. L, Bright Wire Goods, Belt Hooks, — a can KEYS AND COTTERS. Wire Goods of all of all kinds a Specialty. ‘ew York Office, SS ¢ SS Chambers Street, SAMUEL A. HAINES. Selling Agent JOHN CALDWELL, Treas T. W. WELSH, Snp W. W. CARD, Secy. ___ Prices on application. tron Roofs, Snutte Doors, Cornices, Buildings ay aes Sky ae IRON BRIDGE AND ROOF CO., 5 Dey Street. NEW YORK. GEORGE er eal Ja., Prest H. WESTINGHOUSE, Gen’l Agt. —T a w— Westinghouse Air-Brake Co, PITTSBURGH, PA., U.S. A. MANUFACTURERS OF THE WESTINGHOUSE AUTOMATIC BRAKE, Westinghouse Locomotive Driver Brake, Vacuum Brakes (Westinghouse & Smith Patents), WESTINGHOUSE FREIGHT BRAKE. utomatic Freight Brake is essentially the same apparatus as the Automatic bi the various parts are so combined as to form = ue plese or wheels, brakemen's es, frechasism, and is #0 The saving is ata low in ~o om ood the speed perfect safety, will repay the cost of its application within a verv short The * * Automatic ” has proved pelt © beithe mest efficient Seats and Safety Brak operated from any car in Ne on if desired, ond a Soe ne, or hoge ar Pipe fal applies automatically. 4 TEE is given custome. against The WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE is now fitted to upward of 15,000 ENGINES AND 80 000 CARS and is adopted by the principal Railways in al! parts of the world, FULL INFORMATION FURNISHED ON APPLICATION, LEECHBURG IRON WoRKs. KIRKPATRICK & CO., LIMITED Manufacturers of all Grades of Fine SHE T IRONS, (Refined, Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Iron, &,) NATURAL GAS USED AS FUEL. FFIOE, No, 143 First Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. WORKS, Leechburg, Pa, aoe single Ring ever invented f the nose. CLOSES ON OUTSIDE OF NOSE 0B outside o Only Double Ring Invented. 2 BROWN’S Hog Ringer Elliptical Ring RINGS and HOLDER. and Triple Groove Hog and Pig Ring er sharp points im the nose. points CHAMBERS, BERING & QUINLAN 0©0., Exclusive Manufacturers, Decatur, Il. J, M. SCHOONMAKER. MANUFACTURER AND SHIPPER OF CONNELLSVILLE Capacity ot Mines, 2500 Tons Daily. Siding connections with all lines of Railroads. Office, (20 Water Street PITTSBURGH PA. OMee, GI r < Heat _—_——.. Send | Send | DEAL Nos. 1016 I, ost on. npt ) for ve of chin Its | the mers August 12, 1886, SPANISH, ___ AFRICAN _ CASTLE PIG IRON. for Finest Steel (phosphorus unifo: mly low, sel- dom reaching .o3 per cent., and Silicon from 1 per cent. upward, according to re- quirements of buyers). 226 Walnut Street, Heavy ADDRESS ) Cambria Iron ‘Co.,- OFFICE, 218 South Fourth St., Philadelphia, Pa. Rails, Railway “ WwrnoUuram Rr. BART c& IRON ORES THE IRON AGE. oe, AND ITALIAN —) MOHICAN PIG IRON. A superior iron for ordinary Bessemer work, comparing favorably with English West Coast Hematites. Bessemer, Basic and Open-Hearth Steel Slabs, Billets, Plates and Bars to specifications furnished. Old Iron and Steel Rails, Crop Ends, Spiegeleisen, Ferromanganese, &c PHILADELPHIA. WORKS, Johnstown, Pennsylvania. Light Rails, Hastenings, STREET RAILS, The Phoenix Iron Co., 410 WALNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. Wrought Iron Roo struction of Fire-Proof Buil Eye Bars, an ; Patent Wr Built-up Shapes REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and Every Variety of SHAPE IRON Made to order, Pians and Specifications furnished, Address New York Agents, MILLIKEN, SMITH & CO., 61 Liberty St. Boston Agents, HOUDLETTE & DUNNELS, 272 Franklin St. Trusses, Girders and Joists, and all kinds of Iron Framin ht Iron Columns, or Iron Bridges. cae in the con- less DAVID REEVES, President. MANUFACTURERS OF Patent Planished, Galvanized, Commen, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charceal Bloom PLATE c& SHEET IRON, ALSO LIGHT PLATES AND SHEETS OF STEEL, No. 519 Arch Street. Philadelphia, Pa, O ders solicited especially for Corrugated, Gasholder Tank and Boat Iron ; Last, Stamping, Ferrule Ww. H. WALBAUM & CO., 206 S. Fourth St., Philadelphia. NEW AND OLD RAILS. Crop Ends, Spiegeleisen, Iron Ores and Railroad Supplies Generally. AGENTS IN THE UNITED STATES FOR THE oars LONSDADE IRON & STEEL OO., Limited, Bessemer Pig Iron, brand “ Ulverston ;’ Malleab! ie brand “ U. fi. bg MOSS BAY H BLOOMS. IRON & STEEL CO., Limited, Also for * Lorn” Malleabl ie Charcoal Pig Iron and N. B.A PENCOYD A. & F. IRON ase Fae Ae ALAN WOOD COMPANY, Smoke Stack, et Iron, 61 Pine St., New York. leisen, Crop Ends, &c. & CO.’8 Fire Bricks. WORKS, MANUFACTURERS OF BEAMS, CHANNELS, DECK BEAMS, ANGLES, TEES,|PLYMOUTH ROLLING MILL CO., con=ngnocken PLATES, MERCHANT BAR, ROBERTS cc CO... SHAFTING AND ROLLED OR HAMMERED AXLES OF IRON OR STEEL. OMce, No. 26 8. Fourth St., Phil-delphia, ee od Send for sample bbl. (Star) Stove Send for sample bbl. XX Macht inery 226 WALNUT ST., Heating Furnace, designed for use of Producer @ “es, but can be adapted to Natural Gas with a slight modification. Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. GORDON, STROBEL & LAUREAU,|—— ENGINEERS AND CONSTRUCTORS, PHILADELPHIA, PA. SPECIALTIES: 1 Gordon Whitwell-Cowper Hot-Blast Stoves. Regenerative Furnaces. Blast Furnaces, Improved Tuyere Stocks and Bosh Plates. Bessemer and Open-Hearth Steel Plants. Pittsburgh Branch Office: BOYLE & BISSELL, BISSELL BLOCK. PHILADELPHIA, PA. QUAKER CLT Y FACING MILES. We Guarantee Perfect "Satisfaction. RIDDLES, SHOVELS, BELLOWS, STEEL WIRE BRUSHES, BRISTLE BRUSHES, Ap all other Tools used im @ Foundry, of our Own Special Make. FOUNDRY SUPPLIES, 7. Ww. PA ESBON @ CO., DEALERS IN MOULDING SARBD, AND * MANUFACTURERS OF Nos. 1015, 1017, 1019 and 1021, or Pier 45 North, Del, Ave, + + *¢ EDWARD J. ETTING IRON BROKER & COMMISSIGN MERCHANT, 222 8. Tarrmp St., PHILADELPHIA, PA. PIG, BAR and RAILROAD IRON, OLD RAILS, SCRAP, &c. Agent for the Mount Savage Fire Brick. Eastern Penna., West New Jersey and Delaware. LYNCHBURG IRON Cco., LYNCHBURG, VA., Foundry and Forge Pig Iron. STORAGE, WHARF anp YARD, Delaware Aven above Callowhill St., connected by track with rat’ road, CASH ADVANCES MADE ON IRON. JAS. G. LINDSAY. THOS, 8. PARVIN. LINDSAY, PARVIN & CO., 328 Walnut St., Phila., lron and Steel Structural Material FOR ALL PURPOSES, Estimates furnished for lron and Steel Stractures and Railway construction. Correspondence solicited with railroad contractors. L. & R. WISTER & CO., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 257 Bo. 4th 8t., Philadelphia. AGENTS Kemble and Norway pouney and Forge Pig Iron. Wyebrooke ©, B. Charcoal Red Short Pig Iron. Spee DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF SCRAP IRON. MORRIS, WHEELER & CO., Iron, Steel and Nails. WAREHOUSE & OFFICES, 16th & Market Sts., 400 Chestnut St., PHILA., PA. PHIDA., PA. New York Address, 14 CLIFF ST. HENRY LEVIS & CO., Manufacturers’ Agents For Iron and Steel Rails, Car Wheels, Boiler and Sheet Iron and General Railway Equipments, Old Rails, Axles and Wheels bought and sold. 284 8S. 4th St., Philadelphia. SALES OFFICES, Frank K. Esherick Barclay W. Cotton, ESHERICK & CO., 263 So, 4th ST. PHILADELPHIA lron and Steel of All Description. roreuns aan Saat its for covenant City Forge and Iron Co. d Steel Works, Plates of oa and and Bteel Danville ‘Nail and Mfg. Co., Iron and Steel Naile Holler Tubes; Bridge, Cer and Boat Specifications a Special J. J. MOHR, 430 WALNUT ST., PHILA, PA, SOLE AGENT FOR Sheridan, Leesport, Temple, Lynch- burg, Millcreek and Mt. Laurel imat PIG IRON ati CHARCOAL PIG IRON. JUSTICE COX, ‘Ir. CHARLES K, BARNS. JUSTICE COX, JR,, & CO,, AGENTS FOR CATASAUQUA M’F'G, CO., Iron, steel, Bars, Boiler, Tank mid Bridge Plates; Skelp, Angles and Shapes; Chickirs, Montgome ry, Conewago and Alice Furnaces. BPwPIiSG IRON for Foundries and Mills. ERIE FORGE CO., Lrp. Iron and Steel Forgings; Every shape. 224 South Fourth Street, - Jerome Keeley & ta, Selling Agents for CHARCOAL and ANTHRACITE BLOOMS, PIG IRON, BAR IRON, SHEET IRON, STEEL and IRON RAILS. [RON CLAD STEEL RAILS and BARS, MAGNETIC and HEMATITE IRON ORES, FIRE BRICK, COAL and C OKE, MUCK BARS. Handle Old Iron and Steel Rails, Scrap fron, &c. Examine and ne gotlate sales ¢ of Iron and C ( oal Mpe rties. FE. H. Wilson. A. Kaiser. J. B. M. Hirons. E. H. WILSON & CO., 222 and 224 South Third St, Philadelphia, BROKERS AND DBALERS IN RON anv STEEL. ~ 1, W. HOFFMAN & CO, |RON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 208 South Fourth St., » Philadelphia. Selling Agents "PINE IRON “WORKS, Pine Brand tal GLASGOW IRON CoO., Plates and Mue k Bars ; SPRAN G STEEL IRON Co. (Limited), Siemens. Martin (Open-Hearth) Steel, Universal and Sheared Plates, Angles and Shapes. JNO. L. HOGAN, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANT, 216 SOUTH FOURTH Si., PHILA, Pig lron & Ores, Steel & Iron Blooms. Agent for Brier Hilllron and Coal Co. Yoanestons Steel Co. Open Hearth Metal, Iron, Connellsville Coke, Old ___ Old Bails, »Serap, Ae. ac. Andover Pig Iro Each Pig marked exact chill depth sy 00 in. + Whitney & Son’s standard 6 ret » F. A. Comiy, Treas. J. WESLEY Puuumas, Agent. 240 So. 3d St, Phila. PeproG.SaLoM, ‘J. P. L, WESTESSON, SALOM & WESTESSON, Philadelphia Testing Laboratory, 2088 SOUTH FOURTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA. ‘y WOR BEsr mitt BEST MILL PRODUCTS, oe = Iron s, &c Analytical aad Consulting Chemists, Assayers and Metallurgists, Physical Testing. Established 1847. A. WHITNEY & SONS, CAR WHEEL WORKS, PHILADELPHIA, Also Woodbridge Clay Mining Co.’s Fire Brick. | Special Wheels for Furnace and Mine Cars. THE ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILIS, MANUFACTURERS OF Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn-Tables. Gonepat Office, 237 South Third St., Philadelphia. Works at Allentown, Pa. MANUFACTURERS OF Pig lron, Foundry and Forge. Puddled Bars, Special for Axles, Best Neutral and Common. Plate and Sheet Steel, Every Conceipticn of Lists of Light Plates and Plate a and Sheet Aron, Tube, Cleaned, Best Beep Bie Blue Annealed and an 6” Particular attention given to Iron for Special Purposes. \TESTED CHAINS. Bradlee & Co., Empire Chain Works, 816 Richmond St., Philadelphia. Chains for Foundry Cranes and Slings. “D. B. G.” Special Crane Chain. Steel and Iron Dredging, Slope and Mining Chains. Ship’s Cables and Marine Railway Chains. CUMBERLAND NAIL AND IRON CO, MANUFACTURERS OF ~ CUMBERLAND” MAILS & WROUGHT IRON PIPE, 43 North Water St., and 44 North Delaware Ave., PHILADELPHIA. J. Tatnall Lea & Co., Successors to CABEEN & CO,, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, No. 400 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. BESSEMER, MILL AND FOUNDRY PIG IRON, SKELP IRON, MUCK AND SCRAP BARS, NATIVE AND FOREIGN ORES. AGENTS FOR VONNELLSVILLE COKE. BOOTH, GARRETT & BLAIR, ANALYTICAL AND CONSULTING CHEMISTS, 919 and 921 Chant St. (10th St., above Chestnut St.), Philadelphia, Pa. Ratablished in 1836. Analysis of Ores, Waters, Metals and Alloys of all kinds, A special department for the ANALYSIS OF fitted with all the IRON AND STEEL, in Ciaee Wise for the rapid and accurate analysis of Iron, Bteel, Iron | State, which is well known to be a difficult customer, and both the Minister of War and Marine have understood for some years that it was for their own interest to permit the great manufacturers to copy for foreign customers the same models as the national artillery. The writer further argues with great shrewdness that in noc ountry can the development of military industries be in ad vance of the ability of the Government officers, and if Woolwich has failed all have failed, and calls the various Armstrong fail ures to witness In France every step in the development of high-powered steel breech-loading artil- lery of large caliber has been most carefully stadied by ordnance officers. Every step has been guarded, and when by losing 16 inches frcm the muzzle of a St. Chamond 16-inch gun tube they made the discovery that slow-burning powder produced more strain on the muzzle of a gun than bad been provided for, they made it on the proving ground where it should be made, and not on board ship, as the E nglish did, nor at the sac rifice of the gun by lcsing a quarter of it. In this case hooping to the muzzle was the rem- edy ; but it is at least debatable whether, as Colonel Maitland recommends, this process will save the lives of his remaining 43-ton guns. The French gun is still serviceable, and will be issued to service two calibers shorter than originally intended. Of Germany, where, in the works of M. Krupp, is found the most striking example of monopoly, the Gun Foundry Board re- marked as follows: ‘' The board is well in formed that some 10 or 11 years ago the ar- tillery officers were very restive under this load and were making strenous efforts to be relieved from it without success. It is hardly to be supposed that time has quieted the feeling of dissatisfaction.” Whether it has or not, late developments would appear to indicate that as guns have increased in size M. Krupp is losing that prestige which has so long made him the great rival of Creusot in France and Whitworth and Armstrong in England. The untoward explosions of his guns at Constantinople, though sedulously denied, are still pretty generally believed to have occurred, and there is no doubt what- oer of the failure of his two latest guns for th recent experiments in that country with Gruson turrets had reference to the defense of Spezzia, and four of the guns to be mounted in them were ordered of M. Krupp. The guns are of 16-inch caliber, and weigh 120 tons each. The projectile weighs 2200 pounds, and its velocity is 19,700 feet per second. After the first gun was finished, and befoie he official reception tests, M. Krupp fired a number of shots te determine the proper kind of cocoa powder, &c. After about 40 shots grave defects or degradations of the bore commenced to ap- pear in the chamber and at the beginning of the grooves, and at the end of 54 shots they were very serious, The reception teste were then commenced, and by the time £2 shots had been fired, or 66 in the life of the gun, the alterations in the metal of the chamber were of such importance that it be- came manifestly dangerous to continue the fire. The trials of the second gun was then commenced, and similar degradations being noticed the firing = Fae, nded after the forty-first shot. talian Minister of Marine then i to insert an inner tube, but this offer was declined by M. Krupp, and two other guns were commenced to replace the others, which were definite! rejected. This represents a loss to vd Krupp of nearly $360,000. The opinion in Germany, Italy and France appears to be that the reasou of this failure is due to the lightness of Krupp’s hammer, 50 tons, which is too feeble to put the proper amount of work into a large forging. Were the German officers given that opportunity of working in union with the manufacturers that is the case in France it is probable that this diffi- culty would have been discovered before this. At La Creusot, in France, the 40 and 50 ton hammers already at work were long ago succeeded by one