The Iron Age 1886-06-10: Vol 37 Iss 23

The Iron Age READING MATTER A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. AOvERTISEMENTS Published every Thursday Morning by Davip WIL.iAMs, Nos. 66 and 68 Duane Street, New York. Vol. XX XVII: No. Prismatic Gunpowder. Engineering of recent date contains an interesting article on ‘‘ Prismatic Gun- powder,” together with an engraving, which we reproduce, of a press for its manufact- ure. Concerning it our contemporary says: The advances made within the last two or three years in the manufacture of gun- powder for heavy ordnance have been very great, and these advances have been due in a great measure to the development of more perfect mechanical devices for the necessary | processes. The machine shown was con- structed by Messrs. Taylor & Challen, of Birmingham, England, for the Government, and is similar in general design to some earlier machinery built by the same firm. There are, however, many improvements in the details. more powerful. Init 64 hexagonal prisms of the size adopted in ,the service, with a hole through the middle, are made at each stroke, the pressure exerted on each prism ditional power of the machine. The cylinders are larger in di- | ameter, and consequently the machine is | 23. New York, Thursday, June trate, and which Messrs. Taylor & Challen| are required to work each machine—one to | have recently completed to the order of | manipulate the valves and two to attend to | Messrs. Curtis & Harvey. This eminent |firm of gunpowder manufacturers have | works at Hounslow, Bedfont and Tunbridge, {and also in Scotland and in South Wales. | It was at the Tunbridge works that the new plant was erected, and it was there that we | had an opportunity lately of seeing it in operation. We cannot help remarking, by the way, that there is no industry which appears to be carried on in so peaceable, not to say pastoral, a manner as the manufacture of gunpowder, At Tunbridge the ‘‘ factory,”’ which is a good specimen of the class, con- sists of a beautifully wooded plantation, through the center of which a pleasant stream meanders. At intervals on the banks of this stream are situated picturesque wooden buildings, each with a water-wheel revolving at its side. The main impression one receives in walking through this pleas ant scene is that of peaceful solitude, for it | |is seldom that the dusky figures of the | being increased in proportion to the ad-| operatives emerge from their sylvan retreats, | press. The ma-' and the only sound heard is the murmur of ! lows water at pressure to flow in above the the charger and remove the prisms of pow der as they are produced. The operations are as follows: he various conical hoppers A, which are contained in the carriage of | the charger shown on the left of the engray ing, are filled with loose-grain powder. The charger is then run forward into the press and locked there. By the movement of two levers, which are shown in position in our engraving, the powder is made to fal! from the hoppers into the charging tubes B, 64 in number, These are set to hold the required quantity of powder, and great care has to be taken to fill them completely, as exact uniformity is one of the most necessary conditions of getting a powder that will pass the very severe tests now demanded by the Government authorities. By the movement of a lever the charging tubes are carried over 64 corresponding phosphor: bronze bushes in the bush block C. The charges of powder then fall into these bushes, and the charger is withdrawn from the The operator at the valves then al- I 6, 1886. each bush. These rods stand nearly level with the top of the bush block and are firmly held by the plate H, so that the prisms are pressed with these rods in the middle. When the prisms are ejected from the bushes they are stripped from the rods. It is indis- | pensable that all the prisms producad should be of exactly one size, and should contain | precisely similar quantities of powder. heir uniformity is tested by means of im mersing them in a bath of mercury, the readings being taken off ona very accurately marked scale. In working the machines a separate valve is used for each operation, and an ingenious automatic arrangement has been devised to prevent the attendant turning a wrong valve, so to bring down the top ram when the charger is in the machine. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. $2.50 a Year, Including Postage. Single Coptes, Ten Cents. weighing a total weight of 714 pounds. The mean of the deviations of the muzzle veloci ties of the several rounds, from the mean velovity of the five rounds, shall not exceed |10 feet. Pressure.—The mean pressure indicated on firing, as above, by the compression of copper cylinders adjusted in crusher gauges is not to be greater in any one round than 16% tons on the square inch, and the mean of all the pressures shall not exceed 16 tons. These very stringent tests are perhaps the best comment we could have on the great strides the art of making explosives has |made within the last few years. It is not There is also a safety arrangement to pre- | 7 I vent damage to the machine should a pipe burst. We have referred to the necessity that exists for producing all the prisms of a definite and uniform size and specific grav- ity—in other words, that there should be | exactly the same amount of gunpowder, compressed to the same degree, in each so very long since—well within the memory of many living powder-makers—that gun powder was gunpowder, without any very striking difference for whatever purpose it might be required. The ‘‘ velocity” tests show a wonderful departure from those simple times, and, although the restrictions laid down in this respect may seem unneces sarily severe and even arbitrary at first glance, on further inquiry we believe ther: will be found to be sound reason at the ree ~ Sew ee —_-» Pee © a - Nl sil “ ee a 78. ; i iM ee Hi ry, ne is fy % .) (ES. > - >. : HYDRAULIC PRESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PRISMATIC GUNPOWDER. 4 4 i i i risms i : slow wheel. Some-|top ram, which forces down the plunger | specimen. It is this point that has princi-| bottom of them; and it is only by their 7 bl ee 7 The Ps dig yiy | dete She “rtking contrast block. Attached to this are 64 aeamior- prily engrossed the attention of the makers | strict observance that the accurate practice 86 rey ee eatlalliy used ao large ordnance, | to this picture of Arcadian simplicity. In bronze hexaganal plungers ; these enter the | of the apparatus, and the result is a beauti- | necessary in modern warfare can be in P ies chouar combustion giving a lower initial | spite of all precautions, occasionally one of bushes, which they fit with great accuracy. fully accurate piece of mechanism. It has sured. pressure, and therefore less strain ou the the picturesque buildings will, to use the At the same time that the top ram is brought | only been by the greatest care in finishing 2 ec tenia UM etna al Man ates breech of the gun. Another great advan- | expressive ainda of powder-makers, ‘‘go down the bottom ram is caased to ascend. | to gauge and in the adjustment of parts that teed By accor Sg, . tage th brown, sowder possesses is that it| up.” Thanks, however, to good luck, and_ To the latter is attached the plunger block the success undoubtedly achieved by this tric incandescent light to mining »perations “ r r . auch an volume of probabl still more to good management, E, to which is attached 64 hexagonal | machinery has been attained The tests recently took place at Lord Vernon’s Poyn cele 5 d this qui kly disperses—one of Tunbridge has had few of these unpleasant ; plungers that also co nd to and actu-/| of powder such as this now required by the , ton and Worth Colliery, near Stockport. It a an ie stent ‘Wealidartions in. war- | interludes im its usually monotonous exist- | rately fit the bushes in the bush block. In | War Office are of the most severe descrip-| appears that the lower pump rod of the S 12 aa cations ence. this way the charges of powder contained | tion, as may be gathered from the follow- main pumping er of 2, ae 7 it, by The h draulic plant for making the prisms! To return, however, to the new plant, we | in the bushes are pressed between the plung- ing details, which represent some of the prin- which the pi are drained, aro 5 ee 70 means a considerable outlay which pri- | find that two prismatic machines were sub- | ers. Under ordinary conditions of atmos- | cipa) points in the official specification of tests : the bucket in the bottom, some 600 feet be- 4.51 ee gern tart in England were re- sequently ordered by Messrs. Curtis & | phere the pressure is kept on for about 10 Size of Prisms.—The prisms to be of the | mn and ne Ween a eee luctant to incur until the form of powder | Harvey from Messrs, Taylor & Challen, to-| to 20 seconds, the time varying with the | following dimensions: Hight, 24.8+ 0.2 mm.; the eat ~— — = ro Da — likely to be required was definitely settled | gether with the necessary hydraulicgear for | different descriptions of powder. The top diameter (over sides), 34.7 mm. + @.2 mm. | — re os ae : a cn of Westminster by the Government authorities. In the | driving them, consisting of an accumulator, | plungers are then lifted and the lower plung-| The hole to be 10 mm. in diameter. The | - " ms abmar - on ee 12 meantime the resources of the Royal Gun-| four sets of three-throw pumps, a pair of | ers are raised to eject the prisms from the | prisms to be gauged as follows: 219 prisms | on thelr ones: my re erie - y he »owder Factory @t Waltham Abbey were | steam engines with Cornish boilers, and all bushes. The prisms are pushed off, clear of | should fit easily in @ metal frame, 705 mm. | lig ut oO a Siebe diver’s = ric lantern os fficient to meet the demands of the War | the necessary gear and fittings. These are | the press, on to a wooden tray to be removed | long, 352 mm. wide, and 25.3 mm. high, and | worked by Thame’s primary battery. th. } 9,06 Denatenilll for prismatic ‘‘ cocoa” powder, | all of good and substantial make, and very by an attendant. _The bottom ram is low-| should offer no resistance to a straight edge | barrel - : ne shaft =“ disjointed wot led can private manufacturers in England not | neatly arranged, bu; do not call for any ered again into its first position and the | drawn over the top of the frame. | UP, an "1 — a — re — ry this . having the necessary appliances for its| lengthened comment. The accumulator is| charger is run into the press again ready | JDensity.—The absolute deasity of the | means. be Bias an ore is a , me op. . x tered | weighted with cast-iron segments which | for the next operation. finished powder must not be less than 1.5 iP iance and weighs some 83 poun s out of manufacture, large contracts were en elg ; his h hi Oe date! ¢ Moist _The finished i ast not} Water, It consists of an iron cover permit ints. into with German manufacturers. In the | may readily be put on or removed should Int way each machine wi © 64 Moisture. e finished powder must no eaten. (he Peete of om tarp comer poraes- meantime one of our leading firms engaged | the pressure require to be varied. When| prisms every two minutes. It is necessary, | contain more than 2.2 per cent., nor less . c ery 4 f . = sore 3 in gunpowder manufacture had been ex- fully weighted the pressure is 1050 pounds owever, that each prism should have a hole than 1.7 per cent. é eats 4 our _ - ws on > he lig perimenting with a new form of prismatic| per square inch. The engines are of the | through its center in a line with its axis. Velocity.—A charge of 295 pounds of pow of wits is ne ex , dos wan by a rh , powder, and, having brought their re-| ordinary type, and the exhaust steam passes These holes are formed in the following | der im the 12-inch breech-loading gun (of a| T* lec - = the - d ve é a sole ; , searches to a satisfactory conclusion, de-| through a feed-water heater and purifier, | manner: The bottom plungers have holes : ’ 33.2 1 sonienee a om ere nae meme ine cided to erect a thoroughly efficient plant | after which ‘a portion works an éxhaust | bored through, which are of the same diam- | gravimetric density of (3—), shall give a 7 irom prongs ar ae ee aoe : sy of the most. approved description, in order | steam injector, while the remainder is| eter as the holes required in the prisms. : — ; ms premary ome y ' pl yee , to manufacture what is now officially known | used for heating the houses containing the This allows a number of phosphor-bronze | mean muzzle velocity for the five rounds of | and the —_ ight . ane was = 4 w as ‘‘ brown X prismatic gunpowder.” The|engines and pumps and the building in| rods, ome to each prism, to pass through the | not less than 1900 feet per second, nor more | candles, a luminous sphere of som eet in d result is the hydraulic press which we illus-' which the presses are placed. Three men AT a plungers and then through the powder in than 1940 feet per second, toa proof cylinder | radius being obtained under water Giw ag, Milly 62 aie ae ae ee —re _ SN ae EEE. REL swe Er eee 2 Sees Rome oe << i os os ’ 22 are — SOO LIES TIP ER ere eal rr, x ° ea 2a SES A oe ae er sere eed te 9 2 HE IRON AGE. THE PLUME & ATWOOD MFC.CO.|\WASHBURN & MOEN MANUF'G CO, MANUFACTURERS OF Worcester, Mass., New York City, Chicago. e peer §=Sheet and Roll Brass} every WI . on O'NEILS'S PATENT PLANISHED W b B C AND VARIETY OF RE; PURPOSES. — - ater uryv rass 0, Hard and Soft Drawn Copper Wire for Electrical Purposes ; Galvauized : “ Seamless Brass and WwW L RE, shoo, Sete inode ee a eee GERMAN SILVER AND GILDING METAL Iron and Steel Telegraph and Telephone Wire ; Glidden Patent Steel ~~ wire, o’Neils's | Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, COPPER RIVETS AND BURRS, COPPER aoe res Watch and Clock Main Springs ; Eyeglass Springs; Steet Patent Nickel- German Silver, Copper, Brass and : panes . tre for A eedles and Drills ; Patent Steel u ire Bale Lies ; ae German Silver Wire, Brass and Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Pump Chain ; Two Strand Twisted and Flat Twisted Fence a Copper Tubing as = p “<i 2 Wire, without Barbs , fence Staples, Stretchers, &¢.; Brig At, =e PF p Chain Kerosene Burners, Annealed, Tinned, and Galvanized and Copper Wire, Copper Rivets and Burs, Lamp Trimmings, Se. on Spools 1 oz. to 1 lb, Brass Kettles, Door Rail, Brass Tags, Per- cussion Caps, Powder Flasks, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Meas- ures, &c., and small Brass Wares of every description. Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. PHELPS. DODGE & CO... | so sss tor a carewat mre. cos . 7 Line of Sporting Goods. ae oF DEPOTS: MILLS AT 106 pratway new Yor, wa 7E2BU8Y,| SHeet and Roll Brass, TIN PLATE [asta s roviteacy 1 CONN. a) le BRASS AND COPPER WIRE AND TUBING, Roofing Plate, Sheet Iron, Copper, New Haven Copper Co SEAMLESS AND BRAZED TUBING, COPPER "9 Oilers and Cuspadores, Lanterns and Trimmings, ' ' ‘ AND IRON RIVETS, Pig Tin, Wire, Zinc, &c. ae Clocks and Fly Fan Movements, Lamps and MANUFACTURERS OF Pp L| S tt F ) 6 1 pp F R Trimmings, Kerosene Burners, Plumbers’ Materials. COPPE R AND B RASS. Particular attention paid to cutting out Blanks Under Patent of T. James, Sept. 12, 1876. and manufacturing Metal Goods. ANSONIA BRASS AND COPPER CO., MANUFACTURERS OF PURE COPPER WIRE,| J fz For Blectrical Purposes, Bare and Covered, W.E. DODGE. Pres’t. @. P. COWLES, V.-P. and Treas. a. A. COWLES, Secretary. Ansonia Refined Ingo t Copper, Anchor Brand ; LAKE INGOT COPPER. —_-_— 19 & 21 CHM Street, NEW YORK. 18 MURRAY ST., NEW YORK, 71 PEARL ST., BOSTON, 115 LAKE ST., CHICAGO. Rolling Mill, | Factories, THOMASTON, CONN. | WATERBURY, CONN. BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO. MANUFACTURERS OF - Galvanized Iron Wire Rope for Ships’ Rigging, &c. (Galvanized Steel Wire Cables for Suspension Bridges. Transmission aud Standing Ropes, Hoisting Ropes, Tiller Ropes, Switch Ropes, Copper, Iron and Tinned Sash Cord, Phosphor-Bronze and Copper Wire Rope, Wire Clothes Lines, Picture Cord, Galvanized Wire Seizing, and all the Fixtures and Applianccs required for use with the foregoing. SEND FOR PRICE LISTS, CIRCULARS AND DESCRIPTIVE PAMPHLETS. NEW YORK WAREHOUSE : 16 Cliff Street. CHICAGO WAREHOUSE : SOLE MAKERS OF 107 & 109 Lake Street. RE WORK IN EVERY FORM*AND VARIETY. — ra a Th ld & ‘eral { PM gs a a Py Ja eh EE eh CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. Manv ' . TTI JRE AND MANUFACTORY, WAREHOUSE, } ALSO Seas — RS Bridgeport, Conn. | 19 Murray St., N. ¥. iS “a = @aA,. ( -ia eh a’ At i s7s° re - A IIS a 7 ae ed he Sel —_s if ww BRAZIERS’ & SHEATHING COPPER Holmes, Booth & Haydens, Kettles, Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, &c. WATERBURY CONN. Manufacturers of ALSO MANUFACTURERS OF NEW YORK, BOSTON, BRASS.—Sheet Brass, Brass Wire, Brass Tubing. ’ 25 Park Place. 18 Federal S*. GRRPUAL } Soot German Silver, Gorman silver Cast Steel Augers and Bits ol Superior Quality. 22 Murray St. eder rs 3 Manuf: f all BUTT gs, | NMTOW Middle, Broad, Derk: Ship. 1294 Pearl St.. |NEW YORK. anufacturers of all kinds of BUTTONS. | Wu ZaseiLastonalend os | DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO. |Brass, Copper & German Silver, LAME )oee Student Lamps, Kerosene Oops. Burners, Kerosene Lampe. IMPORTERS OF ROLLED AND IN SHEETS. 3 es emai a ; a. ; TIN PLATE, PIG TIN, SHEET IRON,! Brass and Copper Wire, Tubing, Scovill’s Patent Lock Box for Post Offices, DEPOTS: COPPER, WIRE, ZINC, ETC., Copper Rivets and Burs. «23 Broome Street, New York. 29 and 31 Cliff St., cor. Fulton, DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool NEW YORK. BRASS AND IRON JACK CHAIN, DUOR RAIL. PORTAGE IRON COMPANY (LIMITED), GERMAN SILVER Spoons, SILVER- 183 Lake Street, Chicago. MANUFACTURERS OF PLATED FORKS AND SPOONS, KEROSENE BuRNERS, &C. LRON AND ST EE Licuasecs oom Bars, Rods, Shafting, Hoops, Bands, Angles, &c., Brockivs Brass oy Copper Co., Made Exclusively From Pig Iron. DEALERS IN Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, Antimony, Solder & Old Metals, 100 John Street, New York. (Established 1802.) SCOVILL MFG. COMPANY WATERBURY, - CONN., ABRAM 8. HEWITT, Pres’t. 28 UL, Treas WM. HEWITT, Vice-Pres’t. pAHANSON- ” THE TRENTON IRON CO., (INCORPORATED 1847,) MANUFACTURERS OF [RON AND STEEL WIRE, 45D oF Steel Wire Bale Ties. No. 1. HOOK and LOOP FIXED LENGTH TIE. Sececeoee (JS oeecezze No, 2. CLOSED HOOK ADJUSTABLE LENGTH TIE. DUNCANSVILLE, PA. Freight Rates same as Pittsburgh. A. R. WHITNEY & CO., Selling Agents, PASSAIC ZINC CO. 17 Broadway, P. O. Box 33, New York City. MANUFACTURERS OF ncorourco | pUne Spelter 1883. FOR Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes AND ALL FINE WORK, Also for GALVANIZERS AND BRASS FOUNDERS, MANNING & SQUIER Gen’l Agents, 111 LIBERTY ST. (2d Floor), NEW YORK. GEO, W. PRENTISS & CO,, HOLYOKE, MASS, Manufacturers of ESTABLISHED 1819. Prices and Discounts on Application. Works and Office at TRENTON, NEW JERSEY. New York Office, COOPER, HEWITT & CO., 17 Burling Slip. THE BROMWELL Brush and Wire Goods Co., t OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, @ beg to notify the Trade that their new Catalogue will be sent free on application, Philadelphia Office, 21 N. Fourth Street. Chicago Office, 146 Lake Street. WIRE ROPE HAZARD MFG CO Specialties: FLY TRAPS, GREEN WIRE WE MAKE LOW. CLOTH, DISH COVERS, mk ATTENTION PRICES, AND HAVE LARGE STOCK. SIEVES, &c, AND CORRESPONDENCE. lowa Barb Wire Co., “new Yorn Waterbury Mfg. Co., WATERBURY, CONN., Brass Goods Bright, Coppered, Annealed and Tin Plated. Also GUN SCREW WIRE of all sizes, straightened and cut to order. 8. 8. CHASE, Sec'y & Treas. A. LESCHEN & SONS ROPE CO. Manufacturers of ‘SOUIM | ‘Suyoeg dwey + WIRE ROPE 903 and 905 N. MAIN STREET, ST. LOUIS, MO. Tarred Lathyarn, Manila Rope. Correspondence invited. THE WIRE GOODS CO., Worcester Mass. R. T. SOLLIS & CO., Bright Wire Goods, Mill Wire Goode, Balt Mocs. Beate Santos hay ont Sapien. Wire MANUFACTURERS OF Pict Cord, Clothes Line Wire, D rews, &c.,&c. Wires cut, bent, mi , Straightened ~ ond ade te any desired shape. Orders solicited from the Trade for the full line of Screw LEAD PIPE CU I I ERS Eyes, &c., known as Hardware Wire Goods. Quality guaranteed the best in the market, Tepreneee ao Pus Special articies made to order, No, x cuts 1 in. to 2 in. Sent, postpaid, for $1.75. THE WIRE GOODS CO., Worcester, Mass. ms * g “— WwW. & BS Le yY, Manufacturer of WIRE CLOTHS ie Iren and Steel Locomotive Spark Wire Cloth. Riddles ter rtand F da . Coal ane San reens. fron Bolting Cloth. ire Wer "on every descri pt! =” Wo. 7i. FULTON ST., - Nav Tonsz. 1 LrperaL Discount TO THE TRADE. Send for Illustrations, BROCKTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A. W. PARMELEE, Pres't. June 10, 1886, for mir inch 1 W.S. T STEEL . Bes Covered K Address, TH Is the best isa stron injure stoc peer. as ence for Fa roads, Very School-lots ‘3 roof paint, erred. Itw boards or Sedgewick ¢ steel wire, de hess, strengt! cheapest and or self-ope iron fence: Stretchers. For prices an or address, m SEDCWIC EDWARD ( WIRE Thoroug! ce ror prices andj BIRMING FOU BIR) 4 J (bres RA 36. for eS, ‘ire ires Treas. acy. Dos Street. ——_—_—_—— Pa. SoU ‘Suiyoeg dwey | = - _ = ° a : , Cop i. alvanized fire, of all : Grades. e. Coa! ne. June 10, 1886. T TL EK [LRO N A G BK . $ | The FRED. J. MEYERS MFG. CO., 0. LINDEMANN & CO., BIRD CARW ck& NMNaOoBN, MANUFACTURERS OF Japanned, Brass, Tin Plated and Wood COVINGTON, KY., MANUFACTURERS OF ELEVATOR CAGES MANUFACTURERS *| STEEL WIRE for all purposes and STEEL SPRINGS of”every description. COC SGC : 385534 S 2 ' qe , | | a WKY a | | | | eS Ra RO OOND hae WIRY KOO [| Me ll b Of | | Ss: fe AXRVXR RXARMEXMAMD REE IB AX) KK) HRNEE MARE | S > oo h MH eX BAAD sees Sa YWRXNYHH HOXRKXRRRYH F EVERY DESCRIPTION beet SE XX ' UXYXANY ieee JIIIY re Wrought-lron Fencing, Cresting and Hardware Specialties. $35.354 SS y | lo as ) | | S y ai i Ma S S , nd The cut shown the bens and most ee wee f ag! = = , ' of enclosing Elevators, his Crimpec jtre for 8 ; — bes TT TE TAN _ cheaper, better and more o ental than wood and < doe i) ae aoe The doors are ‘alt ade to un oa noleciont roHers, - making it very easy to open and cl: se them; they alsd p have a fine brass lock catch. We have enclosed some of c D5 = . _ meneame renin _ - the finest Passenger Elevators with our Wire Work, and 254 PEARL STREET, NEW YORK. Market Steel Wire, Crinoline Wire, Tempered and Covered. eee Oe ae es Pees ere Se | Also PATENT TEMPERED STEEL FURNITURE SPRINGS, constantly on hand. xiving dimensions of work wanted, and we will give | 284, 236 and 238 West 29th Street, NEW YORK. you special prices. Send for Catalogue No. 18. —— ee IRON AND BRASS RIVETS, STUDS, PINS, SCREWS, &c. For Manufacturers of Light Hardware. Aare RS TV ES ada QL eka em eseew ee ee LUDLOW-SAYLOR WIRE CO. oT. rOUIsS, MO. AK SE PQQ 1X) a <4 ey AOS SO YOOX KX} Segesesocees. oF KKK oy BSS - Successors To W. S. TYLER, Laan a The GAUTIER STEEL DEPARTMENT of STEEL WIRE CLOTH CAMBRIA IRON COMPANY, JOHNSTOWN, Of Every Description, ‘ for mining purposes, All meshes from 2 to the > ny i j inch up to ro-mesh made and carried in stock. PA., are pre pared to fu rnish S LEIGH SH O E OY) W.S. TYLER, Pres. E. H. ALLEN, See. & Treas. OOOO) CL-VELANO. OHIO. STEEL, rolled from solid steel billets, either soseseseseeres ~~ -FHORN WIRE HEDGE CO. STEEL BARB WIRE FENCING Square, concave, double concave, convex or concavo-convex; also CUTTER SHOES, ta- Sharp, Short, Rigid Barb, pered and bent. Counter Railings, Window Guards, Iron and Wire Fences, Plain and Barbed Fencing Wire. ROOF CRESTING, Tower Ornaments, Vanes, and Stable Fittings. FULL LINE OF EACH MANUFACTURED BY ~ National Wire & Iron Co., cn.” Send for Catalogue, stating your wants. Liberal Discounts to the Trade. Best Steel. Painted and Galvanized. “Kelly”? Yielding Steel Points. a _— New York Office: Chicago Office: Philadelphia Office : Best Wire Made. 104 BREADE sT, 202 First Nat. Bank Building. 523 ARCH sT., Does Not Lacerate Stock. {No. 154.] THOMPSON McOOSH, President, JOHN A, MoOOB8H, Sec. and Treas, BARB WIRE “carrer. Estab’d 1218 Incorp’d 1874 THE =» GILBERT & BENNETT MFG. CO. | 2 WAREHOUSES : 42 Cliff St., New York. = 228 Lake St., Chicago, Ills. MANUFACTURERS OF lron & Galvanized Wire Sieves and Wire Cletk. Power Loom Painted and Gal vaniszed Window Screen Wire Cloth, Galvanized Wire Cloth for Drziag Fruits, Warld’s Gal vanized Web Wire Fence, Gal vanized Twist Wire Poultry Netting. " y Factories, Georgetown, Conn. NIEN-TSI CHINESE LACQUER, Manufactured by ALBERT ASSMAN & SONS. UNEQUALLED FOR DURABILITY. Prevents Iron, Steel, Brass, Nickel, Copper, Silver, Bronze and all compositions from corroding. Also resists dampness, KEROSENE OIL and FLY SPECKS. Can be applied without heating metal. Sole Agents, H. S. ALLEN & CO., 112 John St., New York. Would call s ialattentiop to manufacturers of Agricultural Implements, Machinery and Architectura) [ron Works. mple and Prices sent on application. LANE’S PATENT STEEL DOOR HANGER, The most perfect Anti-Friction Hanger in the Market, NO DANGER OF CUT TING HANDS OR TEAR ING CLOTHES, SAVES THE PRICE OF THE LIFTER MANY TIMES EVERY DAY. Covered with Celebrated Kelly Point. Address, THORN WIRE HEDGE CO., CHICAGO. SHEDG Wick Manufactured Solely by Hawkeye Steel Barb Fence Co., Burlington, lowa. Our Agents, John H. Graham & Co.,113 Chambers $t., carry stock of our Lifters and will supply at Factory prices. Is the best general purpose wire fence in use. It isa strong net-work without barbs. "on’'t injure stock. It will turn dogs, pigs, sheep and power. as well as horses and cattle. The best ence for Farms, Gardens, Stock Ranges and Rail- roads, Very neat, pretty styles for Lawns, Parks, School-lots and Cemeteries. Covered with rust- roof paint, or made of galvanized wire, as pre- BHBCAUSE The above cut represents Preston's Patent Braided Cable W Feace Rail, manufactured by th erred. It will lasta life-time. It ts better than i It is made of steel throughout, except the wheel which has a - — - . - - ~ also . fi te: = ty boards or barbed wire in every respect. The hewn My steclaxle. It will not break. It is practically free from wear. it| HOLLOW CABLE MFG. CO., Hornelisville, N. ¥. We manufacture extensively steel wire asiy aif competition iw" ligtenelet peat ( eee is omens eclocions in ection It pequses ne ott. has S broad | our different sizes Wire Clothes Lines. Send for Circulars and Price Lists. ness, strength and durability. W ke the best, ) 7 bearing on the door, an eeps in line. It is by far the most ., Ghicago, fil. Cheapest aadeaiest workingallirom automate | il fi~fam! Billed durable, It may be used with any track. It is always in order. O. &. CHAMBERLAIN, 6S Dearborn St., o or self-opening gate, and the neatest cheap ; LANE’S PATENT TRACK i fene . ; ee heen Ge atten Bhs ng \s i, Is made of steel and 1s easily put in position. Catches and holds For prices and particul ask Hardware Dealers, re no snow or ice. Door hung thereon cannot jump the track. Is not or address, mentioning paper, subject to decay. moquares no fitting, but is ready atonce. May SEDCWICK BROS., Richmond, Ind. be used with hangers of other manufacture, ye WAM OO Market Six Philadelphia, Pa. “Manufactured by LANE BROS,, Pourntcepsic, x. ¥. WIRE WAIL MACHINES JOHN H. GRAHAM & CO, General Agents, 113 Chambers Street, NEW YORK. Seana PHOSPHOR-BRONZE For Bearings, Slide Valves, Cylin- der Rings, Cross-Head Gibs, Steps, Bushings, and all pu s where MARKS: Maximum Durability, Anti Frictional and Non-Cutting Qualities are desir- able. Pump Rods, Bolts and Nuts, Machine and Wood Screws, &c., &c Combine Toughness, Strength, Dura FOUNDERS AND MACHINISTS, wie es c / 4 » bility and istance ion. ne. Lhespiher- Bronze fames of aie sb toltn eal E. T. BARNU M, | for pamphlet and prices. wssoneronn "| HE PHOSPHOR-BRONZE GMELTING CO., LTD., THE BILLINGS & SPENCER Co.HARTFORD, CONN. ton Old ee STANDARD MACHINE WRENCHES SINGLE AND DOUBLE END IN 16 SIZES. DROP FORGED OF BARSTEEL ‘é TAKING NUTS FOR*4INCH ., UP TO AND INCLUDING naw eS j= 7 NUTS FORIMINCHBOLISA A A MOTI TPG B AND ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF STEELAND IRON DROP FORGINGS, Qo! Thoroughly Tested and in Suc- cessful Operation. TRADE For prices and particulars address the Manufacturers, | BIRMINGHAM IRON FOUNDRY, WICKWIRE BROTHERS, CORTLAND, N. Y., MANUFACTURERS OF WIRE CLOTH AND WIRE Goobs. Dish Covers, Corn Poppers, IRE AND No. 512 Arch Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA. IRON WOR Owners of the U. 8. Phosphor-Bronze Patents. Sole Manufacturers of Phosphor-Bronze in the U. 8 * CORTLAND” Detroit, Mich. | THE CELEBRATED 55 yy mow Coa Sieves, The Popular Polish | && by | V E R F | N | S kK SCREE Flour Sieves, of the world. WIRE CLOTH. js] and Canada. Price List Free: Galvanized POULTRY NETTINGS. Bte., Ete. }) THE PARLOR MFG. CO., 'Lo2 sate BY THE HARDWARE TRADE. GET THE BEST, Metallic Coal Steve. 85 Fulton St., Boston. OO tk eae come ON NS eat Sealed _~—e = eee ms © & eee eb) we « ae ies Bi me lie es. aie at cael TE. once 7, PPS S SFIS See ee — ENS ee FE _ oe + ss ? Bare i bs t ts it tt rh rer 4. AEB IRON AGE. OGDEN & & WALLACE, Marshall Lefferts & Co., 85,87, 89 & 91 Elm St,, New York. 90 Beckman 8St,, New York City. MANUFACTURERS OF [ron =° Steel galvanized Sheet lron, Of every description kept ip stock. Agents for Park, Brother & Co.’s Best Bloom, Best Refined and Oommon. Galvanized Wire, Telegraph and Pence :¢ Galvanized BLACK DIAMOND STEEL. Gaivanined Nala, Gai sanined Chas Gaiventsed Eros All sizes of Cast — Mac nd. Steel con- ee —| CORRUGATED SHEET IRON For Roofing, &,, Galvanized, Plain or Painted. Pl ERSON os a —_s ee eee eS SHEET IRON. Acm eC Shatti Ng. PLaTE AND Tank IRON, ALL SIZES AND LENGTHS IN STOCK. B , C. H. . I, & 3 = 1 Flange, Best Flange, 4oQv'y for Discount. est "Flange Fire’ Box, “ABEL BROTHERS, |} 2. TRON WORK GALVANJZED OR TINNED TO ORDER. Price list and quotations sent upon application. ; ESTABLISHED 1765, B F JIUDSON ‘ e - / > Iron * Merchants, 190 SOUTH ST.,) 365 WATER ST..; NEW YORK, “DATASAUQUA” IRON. |2PiSe Tron, WROUGHT & CAST SCRAP IRON, OLD METALS. & 332 Water St:;NEW YORK, IRON AND NAIL CO., Cut Nails AND SPIKES. 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, NEW YORK. BURDEN'S Importer of and Dealer in SCOTCH AND AMERICAN “Burden Best” Large Assortment of Extra Heavy Sizes on Hand. “ARM CO.’? SHAFTING. Iron — eneral assortment of Norway, Ulster and Re Band, Hoop, Scroll, Angle Iron ; | 457 Steet of all kinds, &c. 233 cee ips eerie aie arcana A. Ru WHITNEY & 00,7 CKS & DICKEY, MANUFACTURERS OF AND DEALERS IN [ron And Steel J 412 commer st, PHILA, Pa AGENCIES: PORTAGE TRON CO., Limited. Merehant Iron and Soft Stee! aupi Cut Nails and Spikes. ne saa & IKON OO,, Homogeneous tes BAY STATE IRON CoO., Tank, Boiler and Girder Plates BRANDYWINE ROLLING .~- — Plates. CLASGC OW TUBE WORKS. Boiler + ~ GaRNEGIE BROS. ‘k CO mited Tron and Steel Beams, ( Yhannels, othebaten BROOKLYN WIRE NAIL CO Steet beet hire Naiis THE CHESTER PIPE AND TUBE CO, Plans and estimates furnished and contracts made for erecting Lron Structures of every descrip- tion. Books containing cuts of all iron made sent on application ty mail. Sample pieces at office. Please address 17 Broadway, New York. P. O. BOX 33. Borden & Lovell, 70 & 71 WEST ST., L. N. LOVELL, C. A. GREENE, t New York. H. L. F ND Agents for the sale of FALL RIVER IRON WORKS CO.'S Nails, Bands, Hoops and Rods, DANVILLE NAIL & MFG. CO.’S JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO, NAILS AND SPIKES. BORDEN MINING CO.’'S _CUMBERLAND ¢€ COAL. Boiler Rivets. ‘ors El, CASTINGS. TROY, Wa Vs MERCHANT IRON & SOFT STEEL. COLD ROLLED & TURNED SHAFTING. AGENCIES : CROWN & CUMBERLAND STEEL CO., CAST TOOL STEEL. HARTMAN STEEL CO., Ltd., Tire, Toe, Sleigh, Machinery, Spring Steel, &c. CHARLES L, BAILEY & CO., Chesapeake Nails. HARTMAN STEEL CO., Ltd., Steel Wire Nails, WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., Cor, ALBANY & WASHINGTON ST%., NEW YORK CITY. Wn. Bispham. Wn. H. Wallace, — WM. McFARLAND, Cast Iron Gas and Water Pipe, 2 to 48 Inches Diameter, 160 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. SCOTCH AND AMERICAN PIG IRON, IMPORTED & AMERICAN No. 68 Wall St.. New York. PIG IRON. [panic F. cooney, LAKE SUPERIOR R CHARCOAL IRON, 88 Washington St., New York, For Maileable and Car-Wheel Purposes, IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATES. A SPECIALTY. CHARLES HIMROD &0@.,) 0" iuor aur ns CHICAGO AND DETROIT. SOLID SHANK HOES FOR SALE VERY LOW. JOHN BROWER, A. GARRISON, J, H. RICKETSON, = WM, HOLMES, 81 Murray Street. A. GARRISON & CO., Manufacturers of Sand, Patent Homogeneous, Steel and FM Chilled Rolls, BOTH SOLID AND HOLLOW. R. 0. WOOD & C0., PHILADELPHIA Cast Iron Pipe FOR WATER AND GAS, LAMP POSTS, VALVES, ETC. Mathew’s Pat. Anti-Freezing Hydrants. 400 CHESTNUT STREET. BOLT & RIVET CLIPPERS Tet pias D For cutting off the ends of Bolts and Rivets, on™ carriages, wagons, harness, &c. Ask for them F where you buy your hardware, or send for cir- ular and price list. CHAMBERS, BROTHER & CO., 62nd St., BeLow LancasTerR Ave., PHILADELPHIA, PA. PASSAIC ROLLING MILL CO. Manufacture and have always in stock ~ ROLLED IRON BEAMS, Channels, Angie, Tees, Merchant Bars, Riveted Work Forgings, Eye Bars, &c., . PATERSON, N. J. es CLUE’ NAILS. Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &e. DOVER IRON CO,’S Boiler Rivets, Boiler Brace Jaws, Socket Bolts, BAF IRON. FULLER BROTHERS & CoO., 139 GREENWICH ST., NEW YORK. wa BS & ~ ‘* nat. Oa Ore’ and Clay Pulverizers, Rotary Squeezers, Haskin'’s Patent Double Spiral Pinions, and Roll- ing Mill Castings of every description, Office, Nos. 10 & 12 WOOD ST., PITTSBURGH, PA. CHAS. J. STEBBINS, lit Reade $t., New York, STEEL AND IRON NAILS. BUFFALO HAMMER COMPANY, Buffalo, N. Y. Manufacturers of a ful) line of SOLID CAST STEEL HAMMERS Forged from the best Crucibie Steel. AU Hanimers Fully Warranted, Drop Forgings a Specialty. VARIETY METAL BOOM. iron Foundry and Machine Shop. Metal Moulding, Casting and Finishing. Noiseless Vertical Engines, Hydrants, Fire Plugs, &c. FPRAS. B. BANNAN, Pottsville, Schuyltkill Co., Pa. OX FORD. ©. woop & co., va, J. 8 SCRANTON, Sales Agent, HORSE SHOES. Iron Merchants, E. C. Wallace. JOHN FOX, lron and Brass Founder, TRENTON, N. J. Chilled Cast Wire Dies a Specialty, Any size or style made at short notace, sbarp points im the nose. CONNELLSVILLE Office, 120 Water Street PITTSBURGH PA. JAMES: P. WITHEROW, PITTSB o_o PA.. Lewis Block, PITTSBURGH, Pa., GENERAL AGENT FOR WHITWELL FIRE-BRICK STOVES AND CLAPP-GRIFFITHS PATENTS FOR MANJFACTURE OF SOFT STEEL MANUFACTURERS OF PATENT Planished Sheet Lron. specially adapted for A No 1 Boiler Plates, Patented April 8th, 1873 ; Sept. oth, 1873 ; Oct. 6th +874; Jan. 11, 1876; dct. 17th, 1876; Jan. mith, 1877; Feb. 6th, 1877; Dec, roth, 1878 ; Jan. roth, 1882 ; Jan. 1st, 1884 3 Feb. rath, 1884 ; March 4th, 1884 ; Jan, 6th, 1885. Boiler Rivets, Wire Rods, Stay Bolts, Stamping Ware, Nail Plates, &c. Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to the IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, and at a less price. ALSO Common, Refined Charcoal and Juniata GRADES OF BLACK SHEET IRO N, Works construction, can guarantee prompt- Smooth on both sides. ness and satisfaction. SYRACUSE _ |Manhattan Rolling Mill. MALLEABLE IRON J. LEONARD, WwWorRx:Ks, 445 to 451 West St, , 177 & 179 Bank st, NEW YORK, SYRACUSE, i N. Y. MANUFACTURER OF Stl HORSE SHOE IRON, 1 pe and Reaper Castings and | tue catk steel, Rods, ovals, Half Ovals and Flats Carriage Irons a Specialty. | Bonnell, Botsford & Co., W. B. BURNS, Propxteror. IRON NAILS AND CPIKES (eaenatiantaieinlidindeaigiiimsceidiciaeaoae ' EVERSON, HAMMOND & ORR, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. LIMITED, PITTSBURGH, PA,, ~ Howard, Childs & Co., | Sheet Steel|Commission Merchants, soos ad Steel of all Bescriptiine, Iron and Steel Nails, Heavy Hardware, Coa Hods, Dripping Pans, &c. Will contract to completely erect, equip and place in operation Blast Furnace Whit- well Stoves and Steel Plants as above. As I manufacture at our own works everything appertaining to Blast Furnace and Steel For Roofing and Corrugating. OPEN-HEARTH STEEL, INGOTS and BILLETS, SHEET IRON, All Grades, Ce ee Pittsburgh Manufactured Goods of all Kinds. CORRUGATED AND CRIMPED IRON ROOFING & SIDING, Correspondence § solicited. Price es on application. E. JENCKES MANFG. CO., PAWTUCEET, R. I, Bright Wire Goods, Belt Hooks, SPRING PINS, KEYS AND COTTERS. Iron Suneing, ariighte putters, noe. Coraice:, Bent Wire Goods of all kinds a Specialty. MOSELEY IRON BRIDGE AnD ROOF CO., | New Yerk Office, SS Chambers Street, 5 Dey Street. NEW Y SAMUEL A. HAINES, Selling Agent. GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, Jr., Prest JOHN CALDWELL, Treas. T. W. WELSH, Supt. H. H. WESTINGHOUSE, Gen’l Agt. W. W. CARD, Secy. Tr a |Westinghouse Air-Brake Co. PITTSBURGH, PA., VU. S.A., MANUFACTURERS OF THE WESTINGHOUSE AUTOMATIC BRAKE, Westinghouse Locomotive Driver Brake, Vacuum Brakes (Westinghouse & Smith Patents). WESTINGHOUSE FREIGHT BRAKE. The Automatic Freight Brake is essentially the same apparatus as the Automatic Brake for passenger ques t that the various parts are 80 Poombined as to form practically one piece of mechanism, an ata ~ rice. pane saving in accidents, flat wheels, brakemen's wages, avd the increased spee apes d possib! perfect safety, will repay the cost of ite application within rt oe OS atomatic” nee as ive itself to be the most efficient Train and Bafety Brake known. Its application ef instantan pn be o from any car = the train if desired, and should the , or hose he nips ta Tail, it applies automatically. A GUARANTEE is given customers Sane ~~ trom PATENT SUITS on the apparatus sold The WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE is now fitted to upward of 15,000 ENGINES AND 80 000 CARS and is adopted by the principal Railways in all parts of the world. FULL INFORMATION FURNISHED ON APPLICATION, LEECHBURG IRON WORKS. KIRKPATRICK & CO., LIMITED Manufacturers of all Graces of FINE SHEET IRONS, (Refined, Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Iron, &c.) NATURAL GAS USED AS FUEL. OFFICER, No, 143 First Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. CLOSES ON OUTSIDE OF NOSF. Only Double Ring Invented. Champion Ho? Ringer g The onl ing at wl eects WORKS, Leechburg, Pa, Caly single Ring ever invented at closes on outside of the nose BROWN'S Elliptical Ring and Triple Groove Hog and Pig Ring er Only single ming that closes outside of the nose. No sharp points in the flesh to keep it sore. CMAMBERBS, BERING & QUINLAN C®O., Exclusive Manufacturers, Decatur, mi. J, M. SCHOONMAKER. MANUFACTURER AND SHIPPER OF Capacity ot Mines, 2500 Tons Daily. Siding connections with all lines of Railroads. June 10, 1886, Engineer & Contractor, Bea Wroug lans a Orders | 7 Office, No. BLA FR Agence Gord Qu Send for Sa RID DEALER Nos. 1014, 1 36. juip hit- As ing teel apt- ns, Supt. ). » for ce of Ages, ithin , Ite i the mers 3, Pa, ented nose 1g ling er 2 On sharp June 10, 1886. WILLIAM RFR. FART c& CO., IRON ORES AND ITALIAN a nr me SPANISH, AFRICAN MOHICAN PIG IRON, A superior iron for ordinary Bessemer work, comparing favorably with English West Coast Hematites. CASTLE PIG IRON. | for Finest Steel (phosphorus uniformly low, sel- dom reaching .o3 per cent., and Silicon from 1 per cent. upward, according to re- | quirements of buyers). Bessemer, Basic and Open-Hearth Steel Slabs, Billets, Plates and Bars to specifications furnished Old Iron and Steel Rails, Crop Ends, Spiegeleisen, Ferromanganese, &c. 226 Walnut Street, - - PHILADELPHIA. Heavy Rails, Light Rails, Railway H'astenings, STREET RAILS, ADDRESS ' 5 Cambria Iron ‘Co., OFFICE, WORKS, 218 South Fourth St., Johnstown, Philadelphia, Pa. Pennsylvania. The Phcenix Iron Co., 410 WALNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. Wrought Iron Roof Trusses, Girders and Joists, and all kinds of Iron Framing used in the con- struction of Fire-Proof Buildings : Patent Wrought Iron Columns, Weldless Eye Bars, and Built-up Shapes for Iron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and Every Variety of SHAPE IRON Made to order. lans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. New York Agents, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty St. Boston Agents, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ALAN WOOD COMPANY, > PLATE & SHEET IRON, ALSO LIGHT PLATES AND SHEETS OF STEEL, No. 519 Arch Street. Philadelphia, Pa, ed licited ially for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water Pipe, Smoke Stack, ee Tank and Boat on ; Last, Stamping, Ferrule Locomotive Headlight and Jacket Iron, WwW. H.WALBAUM & CO., 206 S. Fourth St., Philadelphia. 61 Pine St., New York. NEW AND OLD RAILS, BLOOMS. BESSEMER PIC. Crop Ends, Spiegeleisen, Lron Ores and Railroad Supplies Generally. AGENTS IN THE UNITED STATES FOR THE NORTH LONSDADE oF 4 STEEL O©O., Limited, Bessemer Pig Iron, brand ‘Ulverston ;” Malleabl Iron, brand “ U. H. M.” MOSS BAY WE ATITE IRON & STEEL CO., Limited, Spiegeleisen, Cro Ends, &c. Also for ** Lorn” Malleable Charcoal rg Iron and N. B. ALL & CO.’S Dinas Fire Bricks. Also Sole Agents for the WHITE RIVER MINING CO’S. Arkansas Manganese Ore, Guaranteed 50 per cent, Metallic Manganese. PENCOYD IRON éc PP. ROBERTS MANUFACTURERS OF ° WORKS, A... ce CO. THE ILRON AGE. EDWARD J. ETTING JUSTICE COX, Jr. CHARLES K. BARNS. IRON BROKER & COMMISSION MERCHANT, JUSTICE COX, JR,, & CO,, 222 S. Tarrp St., PHILADELPHIA, PA. AGENTS FOR PIG, BAR nono. CATASAUQUA M’F’G. CO,, Iron, Steel, Agent for the Mount Savage Fire Brick. Bars, Boiler, Tank and Bridge Plates; Skelp, Eastern Penna., West New Jersey and Delaware. A ee ee cate Galt Dae Peete LYNCHBURG IRON Cco., onewage an: ce Furnaces, LYNCHBURG, VA., Pee SEO or Foundries and Mills. Foundry and Forge Pig Iron. ERIE FORGE CO., Lt». Lron and Steel Forgings; STORAGE, WHARF anv YARD, Delaware Avenue, Every shape. above Callowhill St., connected by track with rail 224 South Fourth Street, - - ; > road. CASH ADVANCES MADE ON IRON. Phila., i JAS. G. LINDSAY. LINDSAY, PARVIN & CO., Jerome Keeley & Co., 328 Walnut St., Phila., 206 Walnut Place, Phila., lron and Steel Structural Material Selling Agents for CHARCOAL and ANTHRACITE FOR ALL PURP -_ BLOOMS, PIG TRON, BAR IRON, SHEET IRON, OR ALL PURPOSES, STEEL and IRON RAILS, IRON CLAD STEEL RAILS and P ORIOE Coat oorne HEMATITE IRON ORES, Estimates furnished for Ir ‘ Steel 8 . ‘ ‘TIRE BRICK, COAL and COKE, MUCK BARS. Handle and Ratlway constraction one aaa Old Iron and Steel Rails, Scrap [ron, &c. Examine solicited with railroad contractors. and negotiate aales of Iron and Coal properties. L.& R. WISTER & CO., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 257 Se. 4th St., Philadelphia. AGENTS Kemble and Norway Foundry and Forge Pig Iron. Wyebrooke C. B. Charcoal Pig Iron. Ferguson Red Short Pig [ron. DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF SCRAP IRON E. H. Wilson. A. Kaiser. J.B. M. Hirons. E. H. WILSON & CO., 222 and 224 South Third St, Philadelphia, BROKERS AND DEaLERS IN IRON ann STEEL. Correspondence solicited. / J, W. HOFFMAN & CO,, MORRIS, WHEELER & ©O.,| (RON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, Iron, Steel and Nails. WAREHOUSE & OFFICES, 16th & Market Sts., PHILA., PA. | 208 South Fourth St., Philadelphia. Selling Agents PINE IRON WORKS, Pine Brand Plates ; GLASGOW IKON Co., Plates and Muck Bars; SPRANG STEEL & IRON CO. (Limited), Siemens Martin (Open-Hearth) Steel, Universal and Sheared Plates, Angles and Shapes. JNO. L. HOGAN, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANT, 216 SOUTH FOURTH ST., PHILA. “ig Iron & Ores, Steel & Iron Blooms. Agent for Brier Hilllrom and Coal Co. Youngstown Steel Co. Ome Hearth Wetal, Charcoal Iron, Connellsville Coke, Old Bails, Scrap, &c. SALES OFFICES. 400 Chestnut St., PHIUA., PA, New York Address, 14 CLIFF ST. HENRY LEVIS & CO., Manufacturers’ Agents For Iron and Steel Rails, Car Wheels, Boiler and Sheet Iron and General Railway Equipments. Old Rails, Axles and Wheels bought and sold, 234 S. 4th St., Philadelphia. Andover Pi ron. Each Pig marked exact chill depth (4 In. to %& in.), A. Whitney & Son’s standard test. Frank K. Esherick Barclay W. Cotton, ESHERICK & CO., F. A. CoMLy, Treas. 263 So. 4th ST. PHILADELPHIA $6274 dae 240 So. 3d St., Phila. lron and Steel of All Description. | visio c-scom Selling Agents for Cleveland City Forge and Lron Co., Forgings; Central Iron and Steel Works, Plates of Iron and Steel; Danville Nail and Mfg. Co., Iron and Stee! Nails, Boiler Tubes; Bridge, Cor and Boat Specifications a Speciaity J. J. MOHR, 430 WALNUT ST., PHILA., PA., SOLE AGENT FOR J. P. L. Westxsson. SALOM & WESTESSON, Philadelphia Testing Laboratory, 208 SOUTH FOURTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA. Analytical and Consulting Chemists, Assayers and Metallurgists, Physical Testing. Kstabiisbed 184%. Sheridan, Leesport, Temple, Lynch- ee burg, Millcreek and Mt. Laurel A. WHITNEY & SONS, mir PIG IRON aiime/CAR WHEEL WORKS, CHARCOAL PIG IRON. PHILADELPHIA. Also Woodbridge Clay Mining Co.’s Fire Brick. | Special Wheels for Furnace and Mine Cars. THE ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILLS, MANUFACTURERS OF Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn-Tables. General Office, 237 South Third St., Philadelphia. Works at Allentown, Pa. BEAMS, CHANNELS, DECK BEAMS, ANGLES, TEES,|PLYMOUTH ROLLING MILL CO., Conssghocken. PLATES, MERCHANT BAR, SHAFTING AND ROLLED OR HAMMERED AXLES OF IRON OR STEEL. Office, No. 26 8. Fourth St., Philadelphia, GORDON, STROBEL & LAUREAU ENGINEERS, No. 226 Walnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. BLAST FURNACE CONSTRUCTION, STEEL WORKS CONSTRUCTION. FRED. W. GORDON, Agent Fire Brick Hot Blast Stove Co. Agencies: Krupp Gas Producer, Terrenoire Steel Casting Process, Bell Bros.’ Coil Washing Machines, Krupp-Bell Dephosphorizing Process. SPECIATIES: Gordon’s Patent Improved Whitwell-Cowper Fire-Brick Stoves, Gordon’s Patent Stationary Converter, Laureau’s Pitless Converter-House System, Bell Bros.’ Coal Washing Machines, Krupp Gas Producers, Regen- erative Heating and Melting Furnaces. oo) AKER CITy FACIN @ Send for Sample Order of genuine old RHODE ISLAND SfOVE PLATE FACING. satisfaction and low price. . We guarantee perfect 1] Pe its iF at Pl tail — x | rT ry . ; = =) ee - / " | - i. Pe / . _ > —o _ a ) es a - = _ A ca Wis —_— a MMT RIDDLES, SHOVELS, BELLOWS, STEEL WIRE BRUSHES, BRISTLE BRUSHES, And all other Tools used in a Foundry, of our Own Special Make. 7. ww. RPA ZSZSON cH CO-., DEALERS IN MOULDING SAND, AND - MANUFACTURERS OF FOUNDRY SUPPLIES, Nos. 1015, 1017, 1019 and 1021, or Pier 45 North, Del, Ave., «= + «* PHILADELPHIA, PA, MANUFACTURERS OF | Plate and Sheet Steel, Every description of Light Plates and Sheets of Steel. Puddled Bars, — Plate and Sheet Iron, Special for Axles, Best Neutra! and Common, Skelp, Blue Annealed and Common, 2 Particular attention given to Iron for Special Purposes. Pig Iron, Foundry and Forge. ITESTED CHAINS. Bradlee & Co., Empire Chain Works, 816 Richmond St., Philadelphia. Chains for Foundry Cranes and Slings. “D.\B. G.”’ Special Crane Chain. Steel and Iron Dredging, Slope and Mining Chains. Ship’s Cables and Marine Railway Chains. CUMBERLAND NAIL AND IRON CO,, MANUFACTURERS OF -— |" CUMBERLAND” NAILS & WROUGHT IRON PIPE, 43 North Water St., and 44 North Delaware Ave., PHILADELPHIA. — J. Tatnall Lea & Co.,, Successors to CABEEN & CO,, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, No. 400 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. BESSEMER, MILL AND FOUNDRY PIG IRON, SKELP IRON, MUCK AND SCRAP BARS, NATIVE AND FOREIGN ORES. AGENTS FOR CONNELLSVILLE COKE. ~ BOOTH, GARRETT & BLAIR, — ANALYTICAL AND CONSULTING CHEMISTS, 919 and 921 Chant St. (10th St., above Chestnut St.), Philadelphia, Pa. Established in 1836. Analysis of Ores, Waters, Metals and Alloys of all kinds. A specia) department for the ANALYSIS OF IRON AND STEEL, fitted with all the apparatus and appliances for the repid and accurate analysis of lron, Steel, Iron Ores, Slags, Limestones, Coals, Clays, Fire Sands, éc, Agents for sampling ores in New York and Baltimore. Price lists on application, . SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL, | Spruce for Making Pulp. A very large quantity of logs, both spruce and poplar, are now coming into use for grinding up as pip for newspaper-work, cardboards and the like. When the first paper was made from wood pulp it was thought that poplar was the best and _per- haps the only wood which could be used, but during the last few years it has been found that spruce wood made better and stronger pulp than poplar. Poplar will al- ways be a muchcheaper wood than spruce, because it grows very rapidly and has but few economical uses outside of the grinding up for pulp and the making of excelsior. Poplar never grows very large, but grows quite rapidly. A growth of poplar 16 to 18 inches through at the butt is considered very good growth, al- though some few specimens may be found of larger growth. After reaching that size in the average New England soils it seems to lose vitality and finally die. Those who cut poplar for pulp wood eut down some very small trees, even down to a few inches in diameter. It is commonly cut into 4-feet lengths and sold by the cord, New Hamp- shire lots bringing from $4 to $5 per cord, probably averaging about $4 per cord. Spruce logs cut up in 4 feet lengths are sell- ing at the same time at from $6 to $6.50 per cord, delivered on the cars in various parts of New Hampshire. It is claimed by some that spruce wood does not make so white pulp as poplar, and that the chemicals for bleaching are some- what more expensive in the case of the spruce, but it is much sought for on account of the strength of its fiber and the better character of the wood. lLumbermen are quite ready to get out a certain percentage of spruce for the wood-pulp grinders, be- cause they will take sume seamy trees, where reasonably clear and of good growth. Such seamy trees are not profit- able for sawing into any kind of lum- ber. There is a great difference in the color of spruce, that which,:is very white being much more desirable for the wood pulp people Trees of the same variety seem to differ in whiteness or color, probably owing to the soil upon which they grow. Hence some lo