The Iron Age 1886-03-25: Vol 37 Iss 12

1886 rH. YGr SITY. ISHED s Wire. e Iron Age EADING MATTER A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. AOVERTISEMENT Published every Thursday Morning by Davin Writiams, Nos. 66 and 68 Duane Street, New York. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. Vol. XXXVII: No. A New Coal and Ore Elevator. We present in the accompanying engrav- ings elevations and details of a new coal and | ore elevator just being put on the market | by the Roller Chain Belting Co., of Colum- bus, Ohio. The apparatus is ingenious and novel in many respects, and the arrange- ments adopted merit close attention. The handling of the material has been reduced toa minimum, and economy of labor and time has been effected to a noteworthy degree Side and front elevations of the elevator are given in Figs. t and 2, from which it will be observed that the elevator proper consists of a chain, as usual, carrying buckets and passing at the top and bottom over suitably arranged wheels. These are supported in an adjustable frame whose construction and arrangement will be read- pr ~~ — Won La. is furnished with an elongated sleeve, to the outer end of which a bevel pinion, K (Fig. 2), | is keyed. The shaft J, also shown in this view, is mounted at right angles to the shaft E, and at its lower end is supported in a bracket, one of whose arms forms a bearing for the sleeve to which we have just re- ferred. wheel, K’ carried by the shaft J. It will be seen that the wheels E’’ and K will revolve independent of the shaft E, and also that | the bearing-brackets J’ and J" can be swung into any desired position without varying the working relation between the bevel-wheels K and K’. At the upper end of the shaft J is a bevel-wheel, L, meshing with a wheel, C’’’, on the shaft C, this shaft being extended somewhat beyond the elevator frame, and mounted in a bracket. This is carried by another bracket, c, secured to! Fig. 5.—Disengaging Gear at of Adjusting Screw. The wheel K engages with a bevel- | New York, Thursday, March 25, 1886. $2.50 @ Year, Including Tostage. Single Copies, Ten Cents. | anaes and provided with shipping mech- anism. When it is desired to raise the movable frame the pinion m is thrown into gear with the wheel f, and when it is to be lowered the other pinion m’ is thrown into gear, each in its turn acting ou the screw- shaft F. Should the frame remain station- ary the sleeve M is brought to its mid-posi- tion, so that neither of the wheels m m’ can engage with f. The material which is car- ried up by the buckets is delivered to the shutes N N’ N” (Figs. 1 and 2), from which it passes to carriers P P’, each consisting of Mitis Castings from Wrought Iron or Steel.* BY PETTER OSTBERG, STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, Having brought with me to this meeting a pooner of ‘‘ Mitis”’ wrought-iron castings, I have found that they attracted a great deal of attention from steel manufacturers, and | especially from those experienced in making | castings, among whom some have said that they felt inclined to ‘‘ unhesitatingly declare ground and mixed with sugar or molasses as binding material, which does not, like clay-water, impair the infusibility. The sand made from silica bricks, which is ex- tensively used in this country, does not approach our material in quality, as will be seen by comparing the surface of such cast ings with any others made even from hard steel. 2. The Melting of the Metal.—Wrought iron requires for melting a temperature of about 4000°, and I think I am not far wrong in saying that prior to our doing it no one chains and cross-bars. The carrier P de-! their manufacture an impossibility ” if they | had practically succeeded in melting wrought livers its charge to the hopper Q, from which it passes to another carrier, p. The carrier P’ similarly supplies the hopper Q’ and the conveyer p. Both p and p’ are arranged to run either horizontally or somewhat in- f Fig. 6.—Enlarged Sectional View of Part of Gearing. aa Upper End \ \S Fig. 1.—Side + \ Elevation. SSS —N Fig. 3.—Lower End of Adjusting Screw. ne "eee : \ Ee : COAL AND ORE ELEVATOR, BUILT BY THE ROLLER ily understood from our illustrations. The|the frame, and having a bearing at k for | ultimately desired. Power for working the side parts consists of bars D D at top and|the upper end of shaft J. The latter is| various conveyers is taken from the hori- bottom, connected by two intermediate pieees D' D'. The whole frame is connected with a stationary frame by means of a screw shaft, F, which in turn is secured to the shaft E. The latter is made as desired, either in sections as in Fig. 3, or continuous as in Fig. 4. The screw-shaft, it will be understood, is carried by the movable frame, and is secured to it by means of cross bars d d' (Fig. 2). The shaft has col- lars which prevent it from moving endwise, but permit it to rotate in bearings on these bars, the arrangement being very clearly shown in Fig. 3. If the screw-shaft be rotated in one direction or the other the movable frame will be raised or lowered. To this point, however, we will refer later. Motive power is obtained from an engine located at A (Fig. 2). This engine drives the wheel B (Fig. 1), which in turn transmits motion to the wheel B’ by means of a chain. The shaft carrying the wheel B’ is furnished with a second chain- wheel G, which is connected with the wheel E‘, This wheel is loose on the shaft E, and grooved and fitted to a feather or spline carried by the wheel L, so that the shaft can be moved longitudinally relative to the spline and still have a rotating en- gagement with it. The manner of trans- mitting the power from the engine to the shaft C will be readily understood from this description, the working relation be- tween the engine and the different parts re- ferred to being constant in whatever posi- tion the movable frame is located. Power is taken from the shaft C for the purpose of raising the elevator or lowering it relative to the shaft E as follows: Misa chain-wheel on this shaft, and M’ a similar wheel on a supplemental shaft, 7, mounted in the movable frame. The end of the screw-shaft F is furnished with a bevel pinion which is rotated in one direction or the other by two other pinions, the arrange- ment being shown on a larger ecale in Fig. 5. The bevel pinions are there desig- nated by the letters f m and m’ respect- tively. The last two pinions are carried by a sleeve, M, joined to the shaft / by a zontal shaft X X. The purpose is to have the elevator built on the wharf, so as to permit boats to come alongside and allow the adjustable arrange- ment to lower the elevator into the hold, its own weight feeding it down into the coal. There is sufficient adjustment to allow the elevator to go to the bottom of the boat either in high tide or low tide and still give sufficient elevation at the top that the coal will fall by its own gravity into the shutes. Ad — braces are provided at the lower end of the movable frame. Those are shown at T (Fig. 1), and are held in guides carried by tke stationary frame. They bear against the side pieces D of the adjustable frame, and are furnished with rollers t to reduce the friction when this frame is raised or lowered. A cross-bar, U, also is arranged at its lower end for the protection of the buckets. <i a Hammered railroad axles are selling, de- livered at points in the South, as low as 2 cents a pound, had not seen the samples. The successful | | manufacture of wrought-iron castings de- | pends upon several very important en besides the necessary skill of the workman. | You must have a suitable metal as raw ma 25 feet Fig. 2.—Front View. CHAIN BELTING CO., COLUMBUS, able furnace for smelting so as not to injure the metal, you must be able to handle the meta] in a suitable way from the time it is ready in the furnace until it is poured into the molds, you must have a suitable molding material. I claim that in every one of these different branches we have made great im- provements essential to the successful man- ufacture of castings from wrought iron or low-grade steel. 1. The Molding Material.—The principal properties of molding material are that it shall be fire-proof enough for the tempera- ture of the molten metal to be run into the mold, so that it does not fuse and stick to the casting, leaving a poor and coarse sur face; it shall not give out any gases nor have a hardening influence upon the casting. We have a patented molding material (United States Patent No. 317,062) which is perfectly fire-proof at the temperature of mol- ten wrought iron and is excellent in every respect. This material is made from pure and good fire-clay alone, hard-burnt, finely * Read at the Pittsburgh meeting of the Ameri- can Institute of Mining Engineers, February, 1888. iron. When wrought iron has been melted in crucibles it cannot be said to have been a practical success, considering the time required and the waste of fuel and crucibles, &c. Ido not mean to say that our mode of clined, and deliver the material to the point terial, you must have an efficient and suit-/| melting is the only way to obtain the requi Fig. 4.—Modification of Arrangement Shown in Fig. 3. OHIO. site heat, but I will say that I do not know of any other way in which you can obtain the result in a sufficiently convenient and practical way to make it a success. As yet we use only crucible furnaces at the small foundry in Worcester, where these castings are made, as well as at the Mitis foundries in Europe. As this furnace (Pat tent No. 321,840 and another patent to be issued next month) is quite remarkable for its simplicity, efficiency, easy control, regu larity in working, convenience and cheapness, I will give a short description. The furnace, in which petroleum is used for fuel, is con structed upon the same principle as a com mon petroleum lamp. We all know how important it is for a lamp that the area of the air-inlet holes below the burner should have the right proportion to the area of the funnel, and, supposing these things are in the right proportion for the maximum effi ciency of the particular oil used, we all know how to obtain this maximum efficiency simply by turning the wick higher until the lamp is on the point of smoking. But (Continued on page 5.) +z a Mi Fl ieieanipant via 1 ne res 8 oe oe “hs omen et SE one “TE eres Oe = o'r : eee IO Ae Am = ? RT ee ee tse Tt PEDALS 2 Pe rp ‘=e ¢) THBH IRO N A GE. March 25, 18&6. THE PLUME & ATWOOD MFc.Co.| WASHBURN & MOEN MANUF'G CO,, Worcester, Mass., New York City, Chicago. ANSONIA BRASS AND COPPER CoO., MANUFACTURERS OF PURE COPPER WIRE, For Electrical Purposes, Bare and C wae ence geno |Warerbury Brass. CO. MANUFACTURERS OF ae ee ee crs ae oe ‘ Seamless Brass and WIRE, Hard and Soft Drawn Copper Wire for Electrical Purposes ; Galvanized W.E. DODGE . Copper Tubing, ESTABLISHED 1845. GERMAN SILVER AND GILDING METAL, lron and Steel Telegraph and Telephone Wire ; Glidden Patent Steel i Pres’t. Sheets, Bema, Rass, Sh t, R \| d Pla’ ers’ Brass, CUPPER RIVETS AND BURRS, COPPER Barb Wire , Watch and Clock Main Springs ; Eyeglass Springs; Steel @. P. COWLES, hon hes ce On an B iad ELECTRICAL WIRE, Wire for Needles and Drills; Patent Steel Wire Bale Ties, Vv -P. and Treas. Plated Copper, German eo wa roi i ' ; i Pump Chain ; Two Strand Twisted and Flat Twisted Fence bpd. COWLES “7 &e., German Silver Wee, ane Pins, Brass Butt Hinées, Jack | Wire, without Barbs ; Fence Staples, Stretchers, &c.; Bright, sanaiacide Copper Tubing, Chain, Kerosene Burners, Annealed, Tinned, and Galvanized and Copper Wire, —InN— Copper Rivets and Burs, Lamp Trimmings, §c. on Spools 1 oz. to x lb. Brass Kettles, Door Rail, Brass Tags, Per- cussion Caps, Powder Flasks, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Meas- ures, &c., and small Brass Wares of every description. Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. PHELPS, DODGE & CO., Sole Agents for the CAPEWELL MFG. CO.’S Line of Sporting Geom. 18 MURRAY ST., NEW YORK, WIRE n oP BE . IW D> oO RI, 71 PEARL ST., BOSTON, =}. 115 LAKE ST., CHICAGO. 3 Ansonia Refined Ingo t Copper, Anchor Brand ; LAKE INGOT COPPER. 19 & 21 CHM Street, NEW YORK. Rolling Mill, | Fa _THOMASTON, CONN, | WATERBURY, “LONS. BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Galvanized Iron Wire Rope for Ships’ Rigging, &c. Galvanized Steel Wire Cables for Suspension Bridges. Transmission aud Standing Ropes, Hoisting Ropes, Tiller Ropes, Switch Ropes, Copper, Iron and Tinned Sash Cord, Phosphor-Bronze and Copper Wire IMPORTERS OF DEP: TS : MIL. LS AT 296 eee New York. WATERBURY, Sheet and Roll Brass, Rope, Wire Clothes Lines, Picture Cord, Galvanized Wire Seizing, and all the Fixtures | | N Pp 3 A l E 125 Eddy St., Providence R. I. CONN. and Applianccs required for use with the foregoing. - oe os i Pare BRASS AND COPPER WIRE AND TUBING, SEND FOR PRICE LISTS, CIRCULARS AND DESCRIPTIVE PAMPHLETS. Roofing Plate, Sheet Iron, Copper, SEAMLESS AND BRAZED TUBING, COPPER ot ta: Wid, Mah New Haven Copper Co., AMD INOW RIVETS NEW YORK WAREHOUSE: CHICAGO WAREHOUSE : 'S ” “—_ me - SOLE MAKERS OF Oilers and Cuspadores, Lanterns and Trimmings, no oe ee see are eee Clocks and Bly Fan. Movements, Lamps and Trimmings, Kerosene Burners, Plumbers’ Materials. Particular attention paid to cutting out Blanks copper==prass, POLISHED COPPER wm Under Patent of T. James, Sept. 12, 1876. and manufacturing Metal Goods. " 7 r i. CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. a MANUFACTORY WAREHOUSE, ALSO MANUFACTURERS AND price Conn. | 19 | ae Sarees ore eo St., N. ¥. ak « e ‘ LN Al ‘| " -& * ‘Al ti, | ie Js rh Bt Holmes, Booth & Haydens, WATERBURY CONN. NEW YORK, BOSTON, 25 Park Place. 18 Federal St 22 Murray St. Manufacturers of all kinds of Brass, Copper & German Silver, DEALERS IN (Ratablished 1802.) BRAZIERS’ & SHEATHING COPPER SCOVILL MFG. COMPANY Kettles, Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, &c. WATERBURY, - CONN., Manufacturers of ALSO MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS,-—Sheet Brass, B Wire, B Tubing. 8 man Silver, German Silver} Cast Steel ANgerS and Bits of Superior Quality. GERMAN } Sheet German Silver, German Silver SILVER. $5 Wire, German Silver Tubing. OP Tt ars. ee ere... | 204 Peari St.. . NEW YORK. surrons. | ui'dansiaicesitted nes |DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO. “Gvops 6, | Orne bracts i crowene Lampe IMPORTERS OF ROLLED AND IN SHEETS. CHAP Hire | Nese Peer Bit.20 Ty PLATE, PIG TIN, SHEET IRON, | Brass and Copper Wire, Tubing, DEPOTS: COPPER, WIRE, ZINC, ETC., Copper Rivets and Burs. op Greome Sa, Sas ee, meinen 29 and 31 Cliff St., cor. Fulton, Sines ibitie, Sekai 183 Lake Street, Chicago. | DICKERSON & CO.. Liverpool. NEW YORK. JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. GERMAN SILVER Spoons, SILVER- PLATED FORKS AND SPOONS, KEROSENE BURNERS, &c. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, AGENTS FOR Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co., Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, Antimony. Solder & Old Metals, PASSAIC ZING CO. Pure Spelter ABRAM 8. HEWITT, Pres't. WM. HEWITT, Vice Pres’t. JAMES HALL, Treas. E. HANSON, Sec'y. The Trenton Iron Co. (INCORPORATED 1847) MANUFACTURERS OF TRON AND STEEL WIRE —— AND —— PORTAGE IRON COMPANY ‘LIMiTED), MANUFACTURERS OF IRON AND STEEL Bars, Rods, Shafting, Hoops, Bands, Angles, &c., Made Exclusively From Pig Iron. DUNCANSVILLE, PA. Freight Rates same as Pittsburgh. A. R. WHITNEY & CO., Selling Agents, P. 0. Box 33, New York City. Of All Kinds. Estimates Made for Suspension Bridges, Tramw vays, and Transmission of Power. WORKS AND OFFICE AT TRENTON, NEW JERSEY. NEW YORK OFF ICE: COOPER, HEWITT & CO., ESTABLISHED INCORPORATED 1819. THE 1883. FOR 17 BURLING SLIP. BROMWELL Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes Punapeyrmus Orvice: 1 ee i AND ALL FINE WORK, 21 NORTH FOURTH STREET. 146 LAKE STREET. Also for GALVANIZERS AND BRASS FOUNDERS. MANNING & SQUIER Gen'l Agents, 111 LIBERTY ST. (2d Floor), NEW TORE. GEO, W. PRENTISS & CO,, HOLYOKE, MASS, Manufacturers of Brush and Wire Goods Co., @ OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, @ beg to notify the Trade that their new Catalogue will be sent free on application. WIRE ROPE HAZARD M'F’G Co. waxzzoous : 87 Liberty St., New York. Wikestare, Pa, Specialties : FLY TRAPS, GREEN WIRE WE MAKE LOW PROMPT ATTENTION ee avs CLOTH, DISH COVERS, fee LARGE STOCK. SIEVES, &c. AND CORRESPONDENCE, 98 Reade Street, lowa Barb Wire Co., New York. BSTABLISHED 1837. H. 8. CHASE, INOORPORATED 1876, Sec'y & Treas. Waterbury Mfg. Co., WATERBURY, CONN., Brass Goods Bright, Coppered, Annealed and Tin Plated. GUN SCREW WIRE Of all sizes, straightened and cut to order. A. LESCHEN c& SONS, Manufacturers of WIRE ROPE ‘SOUIM | yorg dwoy ‘Buy Tarred Lathyarn, Manila Rope. 903 and 905 N. MAIN STREE1, 8ST. LOUIS, MO. ee invited WwW. S. ESTEY. Manufacturer of THE WIRE GOODS CO., Worcester Mass. ight Wire Goods, Mill Wire Goods, Belt Hooks, Double-Pointed Tacks and Staples, Wire Picture Cord, Clothes Line Wire, Hand Rail Screws, &c.,&c. Wires cut, bent, milled, straightened and made to any desired shape. Orders solicited from the Trade for the full line of Screw Eyes, &c., known as Hardware Wire Goods. Quality guaranteed the best in the market, Speciai articies made to order. THE WIRE GOODS CO., Worcester, Mass. BEECHER & PECK, MANUFACTURERS OF DROP PRESSES, DROP FORGINGS, &c., NEW HAVEN, CONN. Of Brass, Copper WIRE CLOTHS #2 Iren and Steel Lecomeotive Spark Wire Cloth. Riddles ter Expert and Feundr use. "oan nd Sand screens. [rea Belting Cloth. ire Werk of every description. No. “71. FULTON sT., - NEV’ Tonxz. A. W. PARMELEF, Pres't Ma —— 0, Ll M Japa Pp Hay Fork The bearin Pulley are al mooth as gis thana pulley an be taken | the wheel if r eto use wi always In pla in. Pulley Pulley Stance WIRE Thoroug! ce es and| BIRMING. FOU} BIRM W. B. V 10 an NI STEEL WIRE BUCKLE, | bove Buc plece ; the SPECIALTI 2 Expens Beaters, Fan “ire Forks ¢ ates chee made and W. B. I lO and 12 Wi March?25," 1886. THE IRON AGE. “3 ——<—<————— TRERS OF Lr MANUFACTURERS Japannedy Brass, Tin (SBM CAGES. | street wire for all purposes and STEEL SPRINGS of every description. Conductors’ be! Ss a 4 | — ber = kS » ad Punch. Flower Stand. Wrought-Iron Fence. Chair Pucl = > = Sa wa THE : =: & S Ra | Mears = Pod | aa, a > —— 4 4 e % 4 et ~ => « OVING TON, IK Y., Manufacturers of = aS : SS WIRE GOODS OF ALL FidivE, a — . ; ; RS => Wrought-lron Fencing, Cresting and Hardware Specialties. oe eee aR Send fo ‘atalogue and Price Lis J S S : 3 | Window Send r lllustrated Catalogue at rice List. ile teachin . = = 4 suard, ae ay ue fies hd st a Pe aw t es Bene fl (ah at Market mteel Wire, Crinoline Wire, Tempered and Covered. OO EOE nh » “Tx Also PATENT TEMPERED STEEL FURNITURE SPRINGS, constantly on hand. ___- 284, 236 236 and nd 238 West 2 West 29th Oth Street, NEW YORK. NEW YORK.” ‘IRON AND BRASS RIVETS, a STUDS, PINS, SCREWS, &c. i Ayia i Mi | He aes For Manufacturers of Light Hardware. hea 254 PEARL STREET, NEW YORK. BLAKE & JOHNSON, Watersury, Conn. CAMBRIA LINK BARB WIRE, MUA@UUMI mn LUDLOW-SAYLOR WIRE CO. soT. TrOUITs, Mo. K RHE . ei mx BR Sj The Barb of this celebrated Wire cannot slip or drop off, as Wanna it is part of the strand itself, and is so firmly interlocked upon othe <2 t as y ot WITTENBERG § A ‘ Soauaan to W. 8S. TYLER, MANUFACTURERS OF Revolving Coal Sereens, coal Yard Screens and Foundry Riddles, Wire Cloth of Every Description Made and Carried in Stock, LINK FULL SIZE. W.S. TYLER, Pres. EE. H. ALLEN, Sec. & Treas. CLEVELAND. OHIO. itself that it cannot be pulled out or displaced in any way. The Barb cannot be taken off or moved, except by cutting it bodily WIRE, WIRE CL OT H, WI RE ROP 5B, and ruining the fence. Counter Railings, Window Guards, Iron and Wire Fences, The Barb is also two-point, which experience has proved to Plain and Barbed Fencing Wire. ROOF CRESTING, Tower Ornaments, Vanes, and Stable Fittings. FULL LINE OF EACH MANUFACTURED BY National Wire & Iron Go., “yin” Send for Catalogue, stating your wants. Liberal Discounts to the Trade Hay Fork Pulley and Pulley Stand. | tm ic , YF smatore tberal Disc (TRADE-MARK.) Estab’d 1818. Incorp’d 1874 THOMPSON McCOSH, President, JOHN A, McOO8H, Sec. and Treas, The bearings of the “ Acme ” Anti-friction Hay-Fork THE Pulley are all chilled axle, and shell, hard as steel, GILBERT & BENNETT MFG. CO. | LIFTER AND mooth as glass. This pulley will last much longer rf I MIG. CO. | han a — that runs on a malleable or wrought WAREHOUSES : CARRIER. ron a aio. very easy to oll and the cheapest pu'ley tn ae : : a $ mi arket. It being put ether with one bolt, this 42 Cliff St., New York. » taken out, slip = side off to put the rope over 228 Lake St., Chicago, Ills. ne “whee lif needed. he Pulley Stand is a new de- , MANUPACTU rice to use with any ¥ pulley with =e the paney, is ACTURERS OF in pl an t there w a wood pin. ‘ ° > in] P nul ey pac weed in KES, 4 doz.; in bbis., ; doz. lron & Galvanized Wire ‘ Sleves and Wire Cloth. Power Loom Painted and Gal vapized Window Screen Wire Cloth, Galvanized Wire Clotb for Drying Fruits, Warld’s Gal vanized Web Wire Fence, Gal vapized Twist Wire Poultry Netting. Factories, Georgetown, Conn, be the best. _- auido Gautier Steel Department, | Cambria Iron Co., | Johnstown, Pa. | | New York Office: Chicago Office: Philadelphia Office : 104 READE sT. 202 First Nat. Bank Bullding. 523 ARCH ST, NO DANGER OF CUT TING HANDS OR TEAK ING CLOTHES. SAVES THE PRICE OF THE LIFTER MANY TIMES EVERY DAY. Pulley Stands packed as senioat: Send for pric es. HUNTINGTON BEARD, Manufacturer, Fayetteville, N. Y. WIRE NAIL MACHINES scalatiasiibie NIEN-TSI “CHINESE LACQUER,|~s ‘ Manufactured by ALBERT ASSMAN & SONS. Thoroughly Tested and in Suc- UNEQUALLED FOR DURABILITY. Prevents Iron, Steel, Brass, Nickel, Copper. Silver, Bronze and . 9} compentions from corroding. Also resists dampness, KEROSENE O1L cessful Operation. d FLY SPECKS. Cap be applied without heating metal. Sole Agents, H. S. ALLEN & CO., 112 John St., New York. | a 7 special attention to manufacturers of Agricultural Implements, Machinery and Architectural Works. Sample and Prices sent on application. vrwnonay Uaon oure®”:” LANE’S PATENT STEEL DOOR HANGER, | — FOUNDERS AND MACHINISTS, The most perfect Anti-Friction Hanger in the Market, om BECAUSE It is made of steel throughout, except the wheel which has a meet axle. It will + broek. m is practically ieee from wear. It The above cut represents Preston's Patent Braided Cable Wire Fence Rail, manufactured by the s almost noiseless in action t requires no oll. It has @ broad MFG. CO., Hornelisville, N. ¥. We also manufacture extensive! b , and k in line. It HOLLOW CABLE ° ** rm eo, N. . ly oe & Se ee. & ro S as ty Ser tie mow four different sizes Wire Clothes Lines. Send for Circulars and Price Lists, durable. It may be used with any track. It is always in order. LANE’S PATENT TRACK Cc. 8. CHAMBERLAIN, 55 Dearborn 8St., Chicago, Ill. Is made of steel and 1s easily putin position. Catches and holds = no snow orice. Door oo Saas thereon cannot jump the track. Is not subject to decay. Rogues no fitting, but is ready atonce. May be used with hangers of other manufacture. Manufactured Solely by (paTEnTep.] Hawkeye Steel Barb Fence Co., Burlington, lowa. Our Agents, John H. Graham & Co.,113 Chambers $t., carry stock of our Lifers and will supply at Factory prices. prices and particulars address the Manufacturers, BIRMINGHAM, CONN. W. B. WOODMAN & C0., 10 and 12 Ward Street, NEWARK, N. J. | STEEL WIRE BUCKLE, \ Catalogues Manuatactured by LANE BROS., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. MANUFACTURERS OF Jf and Prices i furnished | JOHN H, GRAHAM & CO., General Agents. 113 Chambers S' rset, NEW YOrK, STANDARD MACHINE WRENCHES Poeeeed wn \PHOS|] H O SP H O R- B RO N 7 E BIvGLS Ane BouBLE ae wd) DROP FORGED OF BAR doe’ # ~ bove Buchle is made of Wrought Wire and For Bearings, Slide Valves, C ylin piece ; the Tongue i> loose aad free. SPECIALTIES: Cork Screws, Chea and Expensive Styles, Easels, oa | TRADE Beaters, Fancy Twisted Wire Work, Vire Forks and Toasters. ates cheerfully furnished on New Goods made and Machinery built and perfected. der Rings, Cross-Head Gibs, Steps, Bushings, and al! purposes where| BPA ICM leabeaelad ca ee MARKS: Maximum Durability, Anti-Frictional! and Non-Cutting Qualities oe ae ae aus De - vi NUN a aya Onn Re b | A&A able. Pump Rods, Bolts and Nuts, a Ww. c, ae | BO Mie Tse STEEL AND IRON DROP FORGINGS. Machine and Wood Screws, &c., &c W. B. WOODMAN & CO., . W 4 Pemcnpeteges mde yen Dura ae : altho dena Ge tcife tot- Beon 0, Castings o al kinds t order. Send] WICKWIRE BROTHERS, CORTLAND, N. Y., a E. T. BARNUM, wie -~updes dbenen MANUFACTURERS OF = THE pHOSPHOR-BRONZE GMELTING GO. LTD... Wire CLlorH AND WIRE Goons, MANUFACTURER No. 512 Arch Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA., Dish Covers, Owners of the U. 8. Phosphor-Bronze Patents. Sole Manufacturers of Phosphor-Bronze in the U. 8 Owners of the U. 8. Phosphor-F ———. — Corn Poppers, IRON WOR > Coal Sieves, Detroit, Mich. Flour Sieves, Etc., Etc. **CORTLAND” INDOW W SCREE1 WIRE CLOTH. T The Popular Polish of the world. Forsale by alldealersinUs.a.| C, F. RICHARDSON, ATHOL, MASS., Manufacturer of and Canada. Price List Free. | TOR FARR BS | IRON LEVELS. Wetallie Coal Sieve 85 Fulton 8t., Boston. | 2 <r. eos Gees ee a . os = a Yay os a = ES atte Se o a i =, e ~ ae at : SI eh + ey a eat L=_ vat THE LRON AGE. 4 OGDEN & WALLACE, Marshall Lefferts & Co., eckman St., New York City, 1 Elm 8t., New Work. , 85,87,89 &9 ’ a. ia pi Iron = Steel| galvanized Sheet Iron, Of every description kept in stock. Agents for Park, Brother & Co.’s Best Bloom, Best Refined and Oommon. Galvanized Wire, Telegraph and Fence ; Pevous a BLACK DIA MOND eT $08 Ln Hoop and Band Irom, Galvanized ee Nails, Galvanized Chain, Galvanised Iron All sizes of Cast and Machinery Steel con- stantly on hand. CORRUGATED SHEET IRON P| E R 5 O N & C CO. “ For Roofing, &,, Galvanized, Plain or Painted. Rest Charcoal, Best Refined and Common (ESTABLISHED 1790.) SHEET IRON. IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN IRON and STEEL, PLATE AND TANK Tron, Re GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS, C. H. No.1 Flange, Best Flange, Cc. H. I, Beet Pens: Fire | 44 Cl . 25, 26 & 27 West Street, NEW YORK. ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF ABFEL B ROTHERS, IRON WORK GALVANIZED OR TINNED TO ORDER. Price list and quotations sent ee eee eee application. ESTABLISHED 176s, Iron * Merchants, JOHN FOX, 365 WATER ST. t NEW YORK. Cast Iron Gas and Water Pipe. 2 to 48 Inches Diameter, " CATASAUQUA ” IRON. 160 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO,, (‘ARM CO.’? SHAFTING. SCOTCH AND AMERICAN PIG IRON, No. 68 Wall St., New York. DANIEL F. COONEY, New York, AND Also general assortment of Norway, Ulster and Refined Bar, Band, Hoop, Scroll, Angle Iron ; Steel of all kinds, &e. A. R, WHITNEY & CO, MANUFACTURERS OF AND DEALERS lronand Steel AGENCIES: P ORTAGE IRON CO., Limited, Merehant Iron and Soft Steel and Cut Nails and Spikes. ners STEEL & IRON CO., Homogeneous teel Plates BAY STATE IRON CO., Tank, Boiler and Girder BRANDYWINE pax ING MILL. Boiler Plates. GLaseow TUBE WORKS. Boiler Flues. A. M. BYERS & MOO. Wrought Iron Pipe. Caer ae BROS. & CO., Li nee ee and eel , Cooma Shapes and hafting. BRO SKLYN WIRE NAIL CO, Seat Wire Nails THE CHESTER PIPE AND TUBE Plans and estimates furnished oe contracts I Iron Structures of every descrip- —T Te comfaining cuts of all iron made sent 88 Washington St., GLASGOW IRON CO. PINE IRON WORKS. ALLISON BOILER FLUES. B. FF. JUDSON, Importer of and Dealer in SCOTCH AND AMERICAN Pig Iron, WROUGHT & CAST SCRAP IRON, OLD METALS. tion. Books lication by mail. Sample pieces at o' Ploaue address 58 Hudson 8t., New York. Borden & Lovell, 70 & 71 WEST ST., 457 & 459 Water St., NEW YORK LB. oer, re New York. | 233 & 235 South St., *t : H. L. FREELAN Agents for the sale of FALL RIVER IRON WORKS CO.'S Nails, Bands, Hoops and Rods. DANVILLE NAIL & MFG. CO.’S NAILS AND SPIKES. BORDEN MINING CO.’S CUMBERLAND COAL. IMPO RTED & AMERICAN PIG IRON. LAKE SUPERIOR CHARCOAL IRON, For Malleable and Car-Wheel Purposes, A SPECIALTY. CHARLES HIMROD & CO., CHICAGO AND DETROIT. IGE HOOK HANDLES. JOHN BROWER, 81 Murray Street. Cyas.f/- LOMBARD 7 Aug “St. ZS ne GY ys be tO Oe Howard, Childs & Co., Commission Merchants, No. 514 Smithfield St., Pittsburgh, Pa. /ron and Steel of all Descriptions, Iron and Steel Nails, Heavy Hardware, Coa Hods, Dripping Pans, &c. Pittsburgh Manufactured Goods of all Kinds, Prices on application. Correspondence solicited. E. JENCKES MANFG. CO., PAWTUCKET, R. L, Bright Wire Goods, Belt Hooks, BOLT & RIVET CLIPPERS, For cutting off the ends of Bolts and Rivets, on carriages, wagons, harness, &c. Ask for them where you buy your hardware, or send for cir- ular and price list. CHAMBERS, BROTHER & CoO., 62nd Sr., Betow Lancaster AVE., PHILADELPHIA, PA. PASSAIC ROLLING MILL CO. Manufacture and have always in stock ROLLED IRON’ BEAMS, Channels, Angles, Tees, Merchant Bars, Riveted Work, Forgings, Eye Bars, £c., PATERSON WN. J. Room 45, Astor House, New York. CUT NAI LS, Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &c. DOVER IRON CO.'S Boiler Rivets, Boiler Brace Jaws, Socket Bolts, BAR IRON. FULLER BROTHERS & CoO., 139 GREENWICH S8T., NEW YORK. Bent Wire Goods of all kinds a Specialty. New Yerk Office, Chambers Street, SAMUEL A. HAINES, Selling Agent IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATES. SPRING PINS, KEYS AND COTTERS, IRON AND NAIL CO., Cut Nails AND SPIKES. J. 8 SCRANTON, Sales Agent, 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, NEW YORK. JOHN J. HARRISON (Successor to HARRISON & GILLOON), IRON AND METAL DEALER, 558, 560, 562 var sr. Ww "voit ye 306 CHERRY ST. machinery Scrap Iron, Car Wheels, htt Iron ; also old Copper, ay ae oe Bras3, Wro Le ad, P "ew ter, Zine, BURDEN'S HORSE SHOES. “Burden Best” Iron Boiler Rivets. TROY, N. Y. WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., Cor. ALBANY & WASHINGTON STS., NEW YORK CITY. Wm. Bispham. Wm. H. Wallace. MANUFACTURER OF REFINED BAR IRON. Also as a Specialty LAG SCREWS, TURNBUCKLES, Rods and Forgings for Bridges and Buildings, &e., &c., &e. WM. McFARLAND, lron and Brass Founder, TRENTON, N. J. Chilled Cast Wire Dies a Specialty, Any size or style made at short notice. RD. WOOD & CO. PHILADELPHIA, FOR WATER AND GAS, Mathew’s Pat. Anti-Freezing Hydrants, 400 OHESTNUT STREET. Pike Station, New Hampshire, U. 8. A. Cable Address, * Pike, Haverill."’ Bi0E STON zz. with our name are genu- miso Oll, Water and Dry ansas Whetstones ; Ark Washita, Turkey, Hindo- stan and Sand e ape panes Vienna Edge Tools supplied any grit or shape Quality and P ces guaran nteed. Send in your orders. VARIETY METAL BOOM. Metal Moulding, anc Finishing. Vertical Engines, Hydrants, Fire Plugs, &c. FRAS, B. BANNAN, Pottsville, Schuylkill Co., Pa. xX FORD). &0. wooo co. va | A O O na. ibaa & Contractor. THE BURDEN IRON CO. Iron Merchants, E. C. Wallace. J. H. Sternbergh, Reading, Pa., Bolts, Nuts, Washers, Rivets, Cast Iron Pipe LAMP POSTS, VALVES, ETC. A. F. PIKE MFG. Co.. MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Cc ape te tn Fy overysning that is used for shexpening D Iron Foundry and Machine Shop. STEAM HEATING BY DIRECT RADIATION Poe Gane ney A pp Brass and other Noiseless March 25, 1886, JAMES P. WITHEROW. Lewis Block, PITTSBURGH, Pa., GENERAL AGENT FOR WHITWELL FIRE-BRICK STOVES AND CLAPP-GRIFFITHS PATENTS FOR MANUFACTURE OF SOFT STEEL, MANUFACTURERS OF PATENT Planished Sheet Iron. specially adapted for A No. 1 Boiler Plat, Patented April 8th, 1873 ; Sept. oth, 1873 ; Oct. ' ? ns ' 6th, 1874 ; % m1, 1876; Oct, 17th, 1876; Jan. Boiler Rivets, Wire Rods, Stay Bolts, Sete t dane teh as Rb ak, aie: Stamping Ware, Nail Plates, a an. 18t, 183. b. rath, ampin are, Nai utes, &e. March 4th, 1884 ; Jan. 6th, 188 85. vane —_ ee f . = Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to the IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, and at a less price. ALSO Common, Refined, Charcoal and Juniata Will contract to completely erect, equi and place in operation Blast Furnace Whit well Stoves and Steel Plants as above. As I manufacture at our own works everything appertaining to Blast Furnace and Steve] GRADES OF Works construction, can guarantee prompt BLACK SHEET IRON, ness and satisfaction. Smooth on on bom sides. SYRACUSE Manhattan Rolling Mill. MALLEABLE IRON), KEONARD, WwWoRxs, 177 & 179 Bank st, NEW YORK, SYRACUSE, e N. Y. MANUFACTURER OF HORSE SHOE IRON, Toe Calk Steel, Rods, Ovals, Half Ovals and Flats Bonnell, Botsford & Co. IRON, NAILS AND SPIKES YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. ee Mower and Reaper Castings and Carriage Irons a Specialty. W. B. BURNS, Proprteror. PENNSYLVANIA IRON WORKS Everson, Hammond & Orr, Ltd., | R. T. SOLLIS & CO., SECOND AVE., PITTSBURGH, PA., ee LEAD PIPE CUTTERS MANUFACTURERS OF INDISPENSABLE TO PLUMBERS. Light Sheet Iron. BosMgg Pe Seah wempel fr 8. ROOFING SHEET of all grades a speciality, Prices quoted promptly upon application. CORRUGATED AND CRIMPED IRON ROOFING & SIDING, L DISCOUNT TO THE Suse Send for Illustrations, ___BROCKTON, MASS ACHUSETTS. Coxhead's Patent Combined Saw Set and vise Received award of Excellence at American Insti- ae. 1884. The only tool in the market for setting reular, Hand and Band Saws and holding them for filing. gOUN F. COXHEAD, Pough eepsie, N. Send for Circular. JOHN CALDWELL, Treas. T. W. WELSH, Supt. W. W. CARD, Secy. Iron Buildings ba iickts. The Shutters, beers, Cornices, pommel” IRON BRIDGE AND ROOF CO., 5 Dey Street. NEW YORK. GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, Jr., Prest. H. H. WESTINGHOUSE, Gen'l Agt. Tew Westinghouse Air-Brake Co, PITTSBURGH, PA., U. S.A., MANUFACTURERS OF THE WESTINGHOUSE AUTOMATIC BRAKE, Westinghouse Locomotive Driver Brake, Vacuum Brakes (Westinghouse & Smith Patents). WESTINGHOUSE FREIGHT BRAKE. The Automatic Freight Brake is essentially the same apparatus as the Automatic Brake for passenger parts are so combined as to form practically one piece of Caos ery low price. Th The saving in accid mechanism, an * w price. saving ents, flat wheels, brakem € aod the sort tie. speed possi perfect safety, will repay the cost of its application ‘within a vege e “ Automatic” has proved itself to be the most efficient Train and Safety Brake known. Its ap lication is instantan eons i it can be operated from any car in the train if desired, and should (! poy fail, it applies er A GUARANTEE is given customers te, or ose ce or vl against from P on the apparatus sold The WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE is now fitted to upward of 15,000 ENGINES AND 80,000 CARS and is adopted by the principal Railways in all parts of the world. FULL INFORMATION FURNISHED ON APPLICATION. LEECH BU RG _IRON WORKS. KIRKPATRICK & ¢ & co., LIMITED, Manufacturers of all Grades of FINE SHEET IRONS, (Refined, Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Iron, &c.) NATURAL GAS USED AS FUEL, OFFICER, No, 143 First Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. WORKS, Leechburg, Ps. CLOSES ON OUTSIDE OF NOSE, Only Double Ring Invented. Champion Hog Ringer, phy and HOLDER. that will effectu- ant keep rooting. No Of the nose. si oe arp nose. points in the flesh to keep it sore CHAMBERS, BERING & QUINLAN ©@O., Exclusive Manufacturers, Decatur, !! amis. Chess, KNISELY & MILLER, ~Gien MANUFACTURERS 0” CORRUGATED IRON, Only single Ring ever inven(e! that closes on outlde of the nose BROWN’S Elliptical Ring and Triple Groove Hoe and Pig Ringer Only single Ris that 2 on THREE SIZES OF Cc ORRUGATION. We carry at all times a large steck from which we can fill erders promptly. Send for Catalogue and Hriets THE ) BLA Gordo Rails, General BRUSH. PATENT FLUE FARL VES TURE Plat olts, ‘c. t, equi; “e Whit ve. As erything id Steel prompt Mill. D, YORK, RON, d Fla. Co. KES 10. CO., TERS , for $1.75. wis 1.50 DE. fet and vise erican Insti- t for setting yiding them .D, Pough cLSH, Supt. 0, river AKE. March 25, 1886. WILLIAM R. HART g C0. ‘HENRY LEVIS & CO., AMERICAN AND FOREIGN Manufacturers’ Agents PIG IRON, SPIEGE LEISEN, For Iron and Steel Rails, Car Wheels, Boiler and Sheet Iron and General STEEL BLOOMS, CROP ENDS, Railway Equipments. TIN PLATES, &c Old Rails, Axles and Wheels bought and sold. No, 226 WALNUT ST, PHILADLPHIA. 284 S. 4th St., Philadelphia. Heavy Rails, EDWARD J. ETTING IRON BROKER & COMMISSION MERCHANT, 222 8S. Tarp St., PHILADELPHIA, PA. PIG, BAR and RAILROAD IRON, OLD RAILS, SCRAP, &c. Agent for the Mount Savage Fire Brick. Eastern Penna., West New Jersey and Delaware, LYNCHBURG IRON co. LYNCHBURG, VA., Foundry and Forge Pig Iron. STORAGE, WHARF anp YARD, Delaware Avenue, above Callowhill St., connected by track with rail road. CASH ADVANCES MADE ON IRON. Light Rails, Railway Fastenings, STREET RAILS JAS G. LINDSAY. THOS, 8. PARVIN. LINDSAY, PARVIN & CO., 328 Walnut St., Phila., lron and Steel Structural Material FOR ALL PURPOSES. ADDRESS aii uligtbpcamianaemns . Estimates furnished for Lron and Steel Structures - and Railway construction Correspondence ( bria lron Co solicited with railroad contractors. am ' J L. & R. WISTER & CO., OFFICE, WORKS, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS 218 South Fourth St., Johnstown, ’ 257 Be. ath 8t., Philadelphia. AGENTS Kemble and Norway Foundry and Forge Pig Iron. Wyebrooke C, B. Charcoal Pig Iron, Ferguson Red Short Pig Iron. DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF SCRAP IRON. MORRIS, WHEELER & CoO., Iron, Steel and Nails. WAREHOUSE & OFFICES, 16th & Market Sts., 400 Chestnut St., PHILA., PA. PHILA., PA. New York Address, 14 CLIFF ST. ROBT. MOFFLY & CO. Bankers and Brokers, and Wholesale Dealers in SCRAP IRON AND METALS, PHILADELPHIA. Vard, N. E. Cor. Ninth and Jefferson Streets, E. G. JAMES, Manager. Bk’g Office, 312 Stock Exchange Pl. Room 4. Philadelphia, Pa. Pennsylvania. ~The Phecenix Iron Co., 410 WALNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. SALES OFFICES, Wrought Iron Roof Trusses, Girders and Joists, and all kinds of Iron Framing used in the con- struction of Fire-Proof Buildings : Patent Wrought Iron Columns, Weldless Eye Bars, and Built-up Shapes for Iron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and Every Variety of SHAPE IRON Made to order. Plans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. New York Agents, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty St. Boston Agents, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ALAN WOOD COMPANY, MANUFACTURERS OF Patent Planished, Galvanized, Common, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charceal Bloom PLATE c& SHEET IRON, ALSO LIGHT PLATES AND SHEETS OF STEEL, No. 519 Arch Street. Philadelphia, Pa, ited ially for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water Pipe, Smoke Stack. sa Tonk and Boat free ; Last, Stamping, Ferrule Locomotive Headlight and Jacket Iron. ; Ww. H. WALBAUM « CO., 206 S. Fourth St., Philadelphia, 61 Pine St., New York, NEW AND OLD RAILS, BLOOMS. BESSEMER PIC. Crop Ends, Spiegeleisen, Iron Ores and Railroad Supplies Generally. AGENTS IN THE UNITED STATES FOR [HE NORTH LONSDADE IRON & STEEL CO., Limited, Bessemer Pig Iron, brand “Ulverston ;” Malleable Iron, brand “ U. H M.” e MOSS BAY HEMATITE IRON & STEEL CO., Limited, Spiegeleisen, Crop Ends, &c. Also for ** Lorn” Malleable u Iron and N. B. ALLEN & CO.’S Dinas Fire Bricks. Also Sole Agents for the WHITE RIVER MINING CO’S., Arkansas Manganese Ore, Guaranteed so per cent, Metallic Manganese, PENCOYD Frank K. Esherick Barclay W. Cotton, ESHERICK & CO., 263 So, 4th ST. PHILADELPHIA lron and Steel of All Description. Selling Agents for Cleveland City Forge and Lron Co., Forgings; Centra! Iron and Steel Works, Plates of Iron and Steel; Danville Nail and Mfg. Co., Iron and Stee! Nails. Boiler Tubes; Bridge, Car and Boat Specifications a Speciaity Pepro G. SALom, J.P. L. Westesson. SALOM & WESTESSON, Philadelphia Testing Laboratory, 208 SOUTH FOURTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA, Analytical and Consulting Chemists, Assayers and Metallurgists, Physical Testing. NORTH BROTHERS, Iron Founders, Light Castings a Specialty. ‘WM. Cor. 23d and Race Streets, PHILADELPHIA. Correspondence solicited. IRON WORKS, A. cc PP. ROBERTS cw CO., MANUFACTURERS OF BEAMS, CHANNELS, DECK BEAMS, ANGLES, TEES, PLATES, MERCHANT BAR, SHAFTING AND ROLLED OR HAMMERED AXLES OF IRON OR STEEL. Office, No. 26 S. Fourth St., Philadelphia. Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. Agency Fire-Brick Hot-Blast Stove Co. GORDON, STROBEL & LAUREAU, ENGINEERS, No. 226 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. (Formerly of Witherow & Gordon, Pittsburgh, Pa.) Pig Iron, | | Foundry and Forge. Puddled Bars, Special for Axles, Best Neutral and Common. THE IRON AGE. PLYMOUTH ROLLING MILL CO., Conshghocker MANUFACTURERS OF ge ~Particular attention given to Iron for Special Purposes. ing this operation that the metal takes up gases from the surrounding atmosphere. Practically speaking, no gases are absorbed © | when the metal is solid : it is after the melt JUSTICE COX, JR. CHARLES K. BARNS. JUSTICE COX, JR, & CO,, Agents for (Continued from page 1.) in turning the wick higher or lower what is it we do? We expose a different area of the wick and thereby a different area of the oil tothe flame. If the wick is not turned sufficiently high more air than ne cessary passes through and the full efficiency is not obtained. If the wick is turned too high the lamp smokes from want of air And, although it has thus for years been th» easiest thing in the world for any one of us to burn liquid fuel in a lamp without smoke (complete combustion) and with maximum efficiency, the same long-searched-for result in furnaces was accomplished only a couple of years ago by Mr. L. Nobel, of St. Peters burg, with the assistance of Mr. C. Witten strom, of Stockholm. Instead of, as in the lamp, changing the area of oil exposed to the flame, we keep a constant surface of oil exposed, having the area of the chimney in proportion thereto, and regulate the air inlet up to the point of smoking, thus obtaining complete combustion and maximum effi ciency. I may add that this regulation is as easy, as efficient and as convenient as the regulating of the wick in any petroleum lamp. The manner in which we expose a constant surface of oil is by means of hori zontal trough-like fire-bars placed one above another, on which the fuel is maintained at a constant level by means of supply and overflow. The efficiency of this crucible furnace is really surprising. Ata distance of about 1 foot from the fire bars we melt crucibles full of wrought iron at the rate of about 11 melt ingsin 12 hours, the last meltings taking only 50 minutes, and in exceptional cases only 40 minutes. I will point out that steel melters generally require 4 to 6 hours for each melt ing, although steel melts at a much lower temperature than wrought iron; and whereas we charge the crucible full (67 pounds) each time, steel melters charge in the same size of crucibles 60 pounds the first time, so pounds the second, and only 45 pounds the third time. And whereas crucibles in other furnaces can only exceptionally be used more than three times, we generally (al though melting wrought iron) use them six and seven times. The regularity of this fur nace is so great that we can almost work it by the clock, instead of by watching the melting. 3. Treatment of the Molten Metal.—If | should describe in a few words what we do when making these wrought-iron castings it would be this: We take wrought iron, melt it and pour it into castings of any desirable shape without changing its quality of wrought iron in any way (fibrousness is not a quality, it is a condition) and obtaining castings that are practically solid. For ob taining this result we use what we have de- scribed until lately as ‘‘ such physics as we have found most suitable for our purposes,” Our physic, however, is not added for the purpose of improving the quality of the metal, as other physics generally, but for altogether another purpose which [ shal] explain presently. I will first draw your attention to the fact that if we want to make a casting we must have the metal superheated—that is to say, heated a cer tain number of degrees above its melting point. If, for instance, we assume the melt ing point of wrought iron to be 4000", and we heat it to that temperature exactly, it is im possible to remove it 6 inches from the fur- nace before it becomes solidified, and it is thus impossible to make a casting. If we super- heat it only a little, we may be able to carry it fluid a few feet to the molds, but cannot pour any castings. For being able to handle the metal in a practical and convenient way and pouring it into castings, particu larly thin ones, it is thus evidently neces sary to have the metal considerably super heated. The way of producing this neces sary superheating is to gradually raise the temperature above the melting point, which operation is generally termed by steel melt ers as ‘‘ dead melting” or “killing.” Now this operation of gradually ; Chickies, Conewago Montgomery, and Eureka Iron Co., Oxmoor, Ala. FOUNDRY and FORGE PIG IRON. CARBON ROLLING MILL CO., Limited, Best Qual ity Muck Bar. CATASAUQUA MFG. CO.’S Bar, Angle, Skelp and Sheet Iron. No. 224 So. Fourth St., Phila. jerome Keeley & Co., 206 Walnut Place, Phila., Selling Agents for CHARCOAL and ANTHRACITE BLOOMS, PIG TRON, BAR IRON, SHEET ERON, STEEL and IRON RAILS, IRON CLAD STEEL RAILS and BARS, MAGNETIC and HEMATITE IRON ORES, FIRE BRICK, COAL and COKE, MUCK BARS. Handle Old Tron and Steel Rails, Scrap Iron, &c. Examine and negotiate sales of Iron and Coal properties. E. H. Wilson. A. Kaiser. J. B. M. Hirons. E. H. WILSON & CO., 222 and 224 South Third St, Philadelphia, BROKERS ANI DEaLERS IN IRON anno STEEL. 1, W. HOFFMAN & CO, |RON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 208 South Fourth St., Philadelphia. Selling Agents PINE IRON WORKS, Pine Rrand Plates ; GLASGOW TRON CO., Plates and Muck Bars; SPRANG STEEL & IRON CO. (Limited), Siemens Martin (Open-Hearth) Steel, Universal and Sheared Plates, Angles and Shapes. JNO. L. HOGAN, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANT, 216 SOUTH FOURTH ST., PHILA. Pig Iron & Ores, Steel & Iron Blooms. Agent for Brier Hilllron and Coal Co. Youngstown Steel Co. Open Hearth Metal, Charcoal Iron, Connellsville Coke, Old Rails, Scrap, &c. FOR BEST MILL ; PRODUCTS. l] over IQ r'o Andover Chill Iron for Carwheels, &c Each Pig marked exact chill depth (1% in. to % In.), A. Whitney & Son’s standard test. F. A. CoMLy, Treas. J. WESLEY PULLMAN, Agent. 240 So. 3d St, Phila. J. J. MOHR, 430 WALNUT ST., PHILA. PA., SOLE AGENT FOR Sheridan, Leesport, Temple, Lynch- burg, Millcreek and Mt. Laurel rity PIG IRON and Forge CHARCOAL PIG IRON. Also Woodbridge Clay Mining Co.'s Fire Brick. Established 1847. A. WHITNEY & SONS, CAR WHEEL WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. Special Wheels for Furnace and Mine Cars. Plate and Sheet Steel, Every description of Light Plates and Sheets of Bteel. Plate and Sheet Iron, Best Bloom, Tube, Cleaned, Best Refined, Skelp, Blue Annealed and Common, raising the temperature above the melting point is most injurious to the metal. It is dur io Brepe ee LL . s ing that oxygen, ulirogen, hydrogen and » 7e8 carbonic oxide ar > y: 7 ae ~ bd Se B LA S — F U R N A C E co N Ss T R U CT | Oo N, Bradlee (fo Em Ire Chain Wor § Saslen thn lees a eo = ST E E L wo R K Ss co N Ss v R U CT | 0 N "5 ’ mixtures have been used, such as ferroman- a abould the " ganese, silicide of manganese, &c., all of mm customers SPECIALTIES: Gordon’s Patent Improved Whitwell-Cowper Stoves, Gordon’s Patent Con- verter for Treating Molten Iron, Improved Regenerative Furnaces, tS Coke Regenerative Ovens, Blast Furnace Improved De- tails, Tuyere Stocks and Tuyere Attachments, TION. tKS. which toa certain extent remedy the evil but at the same time change the nature of the metal and are rather objectionable in one way or another. Now as a rule an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure, and it is quite evident that, if we could by some means superheat the metal some 300° or 400° without raising the a wae temperature above the melting point, we should give no opportunity for gases to be AND IRON CO,, taken up. To superheat the metal without raising the temperature above the melting 816 Richmond St., Philadelphia. Chains for Foundry Cranes and Slings. “D. B. G.” Special Crane Chain. Steel and Iron Dredging, Slope and Mining Chains. Ship’s Cables and Marine Railway Chains. CUMBERLAND NAIL Bienes: MANUFACTURERS OF ot is wha Now, it is a well-known fact that alloys 7) yo always melt at a lower temperature than would be expected from the melting point of 9 | the ingredients. 43 North Water St., and 44 North Delaware Ave., PHILADELPHIA. — respectively 4400", Boiler Setting giving the Greatest Efficiency, Cinder Car, Kennedy & Gordon’s Patents. THE ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILLS, MANUFACTURERS OF Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn-Tables. General Office, 237 South Third St., Philadelphia. ? NS, mm, &0.) Works at ASeatowsn, Pa. and antimony melt at respectively 4400’, 500° and 700°, but an alloy of equal parts of these three metals melts at about 170°—that phburg, Fe. THIS ever invented Ide of the not i temperature lower than boiling water > ~ is, a pe ; N’S J | 2 - 1 x - ( 5 Platinum, one of the metals most difficult of | Ring TUBE-CLEANING BRUSH . atna I Lea & O ’ fusion, melts at a brown heat if a little lead Successors to CABEEN & CO,, is added. Wrought iron melts at 4ooo0°, but v and Pig Ringe’ Is acknowledged as decidedly the best in the market, if carbon (which cannot be melted at all) is } that cloed Or and, ncw that we have full control of the patent, I R O N C O M M I S S I O N M E R C H A N T S » | added to the extent of 1 per cent. we have v Seep tt sore. it is our intention to sell them at reduced No. 400 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. tool steel, which melts at about 1ooo0° less Decatur, !! prices. Send your orders to BESSEMER, MILL AND FOUNDRY PIG IRON, SKELP IRON, MUCK AND SCRAP BARS, NATIVE | We have found ghat the metal aluminium has a very effective influence upon iron in this direction, and also that the addition of aluminium in sufficient quantity for our purpose has no detrimental influence upon AND FOREIGN ORES. AGENTS FOR CONNELLS