The Iron Age 1885-12-03: Vol 36 Iss 23

885 IS. PY. .d tors, re. The Iron Age INDEX TO READING MATTER A PAGE 36. Published every Thursday Morning by Davin Wrtutams, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Entered at the Post Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. Vol. XXXVI: Wo, 23. The Gordon Three-Pass Hot-Blast Stove. From a paper read by Victor O. Strobel, f Pittsburgh, at the Chattanooga meeting f the American Institute of Mining Engi- neers, we take the following description of a new type of hot-blast stove recently de- signed by F. W. Gordon. a modification of the Whitwell-Cowper : This is a feature worthy of notice, for, after scraping and cleaning the walls in the re- generator N, the dust can be removed through a single door, H, the sides of which are flared, permitting easy access to any part of the space. Each of the g-inch square flues in the last pass E of the regenerator is | divided into four smaller flues, as shown at The gas is admitted through the valve | |, into the combustion chamber M, where | it is thoroughly oxidized, passing up the chamber M, descending through the re- venerative flues N into the chamber I, then ascends through the regenerator flues | Ek and D, and directly to the atmosphere through the draft-stack A. In the four- pass stove this gas makes another down- ward turn, passing out of the chimney- vaiye into an underground flue to the draft- an Laie. Feckon-ne Lin D, increasing the heating surface go per cent., but decreasing the area only 12% per cent. The mass of material, however, is increased 22 per cent. The gas upon reaching this part of the regenerator has given up much of its heat; but, as the absorbing mass has been | increased and the gas subdivided into four parts and brought into contact with nearly double the heating surface, a greater propor- | tion of the heat is here taken up from the escaping gases. This reduction of area has a tendency to increase the loss of head due to friction, but the flues in the lower part of 77 vy > -rt Fig. 1.—Vertical Section, stack at some remote point. In the three-| the regenerator have been increased in area pass stove the air-blast, taking a reverse| over the usual amount, thus compensating G N wi York. ZT hiseday. De proportional would have exactly the same material in them as the above two, the cost would be almost identical. When a very high temperature of blast is required an arrangement for the uniform heating of the whole regenerator is effected by passing a portion of the products of com- bustion into the chamber I, Fig. 1, under the regenerator carrying the maximum sen- sible heat. The temperature of the last pass of the regenerator can therefore be | made equal to that of the first pass, the es- | caping gases passing off at a temperature of 1400° to 2000", again illustrating how the entire mass of brickwork, equal to that in the Whitwell stove, is subjected to higher heats. This flow of gas from the combus- tion chamber is introduced through a port, in which a fire-brick plug will regulate the quantity of gas desired. The strong draft through the last pass of the regenerator 2 Fig. 2.—Side Elevation. THE direction, is admitted into the chamber X | for the loss. through the valve B, descending through The stove shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is di- the regenerative flues D and E into the | vided into three passes, increasing the area chamber I, then ascending through the re- | of each very considerably, and consequently generative flues N, and descending again, passing out of the stove through the valve | K. As tests have shown the temperature of | the burning gas in the chamber N to be five times greater than that of the gas escap- ‘ng into the chamber X, the division wall Y is subjected to much greater beats ipon the one side than upon the other. the four-pass stove this division wall honded into the regenerative-flue work { both passes. The different qualities of brick in these passes, together with the ‘ilerence in temperature to which they are jected, has frequently broken this bond, resulting in the displacement of bricks in flues, thereby causing a serious impedi-| giving in the ‘nent to cleaning and to the flow of gases. In | more. > the three-pass stove, Figs. 1 and 2, this diffi- | through the increased areas of the three- ty is avoided by splitting the division | pass stove, the draft requisite must be | posit seems to be concentrated in parts ‘all Y, thus virtually forming a stove in two ugitudinal parts which are free to expand “dependent of each other. The bottom of 's wall is bonded together, and as the lin- “ar expansion in this distance of Io or 15 tof brick is almost insignificant, owing the slight difference in temperature, no | ection can be made. It also serves to ‘ke a seal between the regenerators N and - when the gas is being transferred. This *nlire regenerative work is built upon a “erles of longitudinal arches G. The lintels upon which 1s built the checker-work, are supported upon these arches. By ‘Qis disposition of arches the entire space | 60 stoves. under the regenerators is embodied in one. | stoves. | permitting a much greater volume of gas to be passed through them in a given time. The resistance in the flow of gas due to the long, contracted areas of the four-pass sys- tem requires enormous underground flues and draft-stacks, and, since the gas in the last pass in these stoves rarely, if ever, ex- ceeds the temperature of 500 F., the stove does not develop its maximum power In the three-pass stove the gas will pass off at a temperature of 600° F., having previously imparted its heat toan absorbing mass equal to that of the four-pass stove. As I have} previously stated, the subdivision of the flues D has increased the heating surface, aggregate 25 per cent. If the same volume of gas be passed materially lessened, or the volume of gas may be increased until a like draft is at- tained. For instance, for a product of 200 | tons of iron per day we propose two of the improved stoves, 23 feet in diameter by 60 feet high, one on blast and one on gas. It is required, according to our proposition, to pass 260 cubic feet of gas per second through the one which is beivg heated, so that it may have imparted to it as much heat as the two on gas in a plant of three Whitwells. Or we would introduce four stoves, two on gas and two on blast, having the same aggregate cross-section internal area as the two 23 x This would be four 17 x 60 foot As these fcur stoves with valves GORDON THREE-PASS draws tbe products rapidly through, and takes from the current which usually passes up the combustion chamber a large portion of the dust, which is deposited in the chamber I, and can readily be removed through the cleaning-door H. It will be observed that this gas is taken from a point in the com- bustion chamber where a thorough mixture of the air and gas is to be had. Owing to the greatly increased volume and velocity of the gas passing through this stove, the tend- ency for accumulation of dirt will be ma- terially reduced, the strong draft carrying most of the dirty gases with it. For clean- ing the stoves a very simple device is used, consisting of an ordinary piece of gas-pipe, P, introduced through a single opening, O, at the top of the stove, and so located that each and every flue-hole in the first down- pass may be reached. In case the upper part of the regenerator becomes incrusted with dirt, a scraping plate and plummet with the proper sheaves is substituted. The last two passes of regenerators very rarely, if ever, require cleaning, as the whole de- where the gases are highly rarified, which, in any stove, is invariably the first down- pass. This difficulty has been experienced by those who have used the Cowper stove. Yet it is clearly demonstrated by practice that very little cleaning is necessary when the gases are passed through a dust-catcher. By the cleaning device, as shown in the four-pass stove, great difficnity is experi-| simple neck, enced in removing the material in the nu- merous holes through each of which only a few flues can be cleaned. This difficulty often proved to be the cause of poorly-work- ing stoves. Much time was lost in remov- ing these lids and the brick filling, and con- cember 3, 1885. oe | flange. | The gland N is fitted to this cap with a| The stock in the new co-operstive nail If, therefore, the valve-seat | mil!, at Bellville, [ll., has all been taken, Office, New York, as sequently the cleaning operation was post poned until in many cases the heating | power of the stove was reduced to one-half its actual capacity. The device shown in the three-pass stove simplifies this opera- tion, the whole time occupied in performing what formerly took from six to eight hours being about one hour. Figs. 3 and 4 exhibit a general plan of a furnace with a plant of three-pass stoves. overhead gas main to dust-cather; D is the the gas to be burned in the stoves. consider a highly important appurtenance to the stoves, and think it should in all cases be adopted. I here wish to explain some of the details | of valve construction in connection with hot- blast stoves. The hot-blast valve and gas valve in the ordinary four-pass Whitwell stove are frequently burned by premature combustion of the gases in the space between them, and must be replaced. When the stove is on gas this space, of course, forms the conduit to the combustion chamber, but immediately ignites the gas, and both are subjected to this intease flame. Inthe stove a > | “Neeete ! \ f © ow whe oo on ume de wo caese<cecs « Jens it u [emt i }ie ‘SS LIE Fe a 2 Fig. 3.—Elevation of Furnac HOT-BLAST STOVE. exhibited in Figs. 1 and 2, the disposition cf these valves is such that the products cannot come in contact with each other short of the stove combustion chamber. The hot-blast valve in this case, details of which are seen in Fig. 5, is of the gate type, and pierces the wrought-iron elbow in_ its vertical portion. The valve L, similar in construction to K, is bolted upon a cast iron elbow and engages the wrought- iron elbow in its horizontal portion on one side, close up to its connection with the stove shell. Any leakage in the valve K will therefore meet this gas at the point where it enters the conduit in the wrought- iron elbow, close up to the orifice to the combustion chamber, thereby securing the safety of both valves. The varying temper- atures to which these valves are subjected make it a matter of extreme difficulty to avoid their warping and the destruction of the valve seats. hot-blast valve has given more or less trouble in this direction, and when a replacement of the seat was necessary the entire mass of brick work above the seat had to be removed, entailing a great loss of time and work. The sliding hot-blast valve renders this operation, when necessary, quite simple. |The valve shown in Fig. 4 presents several novel features. The seat A, Fig 5, is a hollow phosphor-bronze casting, fitted into a A A are the stoves, B is the furnace, C the | | dust-catcher, which is used exclusively for | This we | | the leakage of air blast through the valve | The ordinary puppet-form | INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS PAGE 23. Second-Class Matter, SL.50 a lear, Lneluding Tostage. Single Coptes, Ten Cents. before mentioned permitting sufficient move ment and retaining a tight joint. Chis adjustment is compensated at the other end of the valve by the ball-jointed gland N, To replace a valve-seat merely necessitatey the removal of the cap E and a manhole cap underneath this, through which the new seat may be adjusted. All the air for com bustion is admitted through a single opening directly ander the gas inlet to the stove, insuring a thorough mixture of the prod ucts. This air-valve, which is of the puppet form, is attached to a hinged door and also forms an opening in the bottoin of the com bustion chamber for the removal of dirt. The entire bottom of this chamber can be reached through this single door with great ease. The chimney-valve, placed in the bottom of the chimney on top of the stove, as shown in Fig. 3, is constructed in a similar manner, the hollow space in the valve seat being made doubly large to per- mit a strong current of air to pass through it for cooling. This current by the stove chimney. The same draft also serves to cool the large circular disk-valve The chimneys of these stoves are strongly | built, commencing with heavy plate on the | bottom and thinning at the top. Tuey are lined is established e Plant, | with 4'% inches of fire-brick. The cold-blast valve & is an ordinary slide-gate valve op erated with a rack and pinion. On the main valve an auxiliary or small valve is placed for the purpose of equalizing the pressure on both sides of the valve, lessening the power which would be required to move the large valve with the full pressure on. The chim- ney and cold-blast valves are operated from a common station at the bottom of the stove | with ordinary wire ropes passing over grip sheaves. The operation of changing a stove from gas to blast, or vive versa, is so simple | that an ordinary laborer can attend to the | operation of the stoves. The operating wheels are arranged in the order neces- | sary to make thechange. Bevinning at the | right, the cold-blast valve is closed. The | next in regular order is the hot blast valve | Then the air-valve, chimney-valve and vas | valve are each opened in their respective order. This operation changing the from blast to vas, the reverse of it will change the stove from gus to blast. In conclusion I give here a comparative exhibit of the cost of plants of these stoves, | the Player 18-pipe hot-blast stove and the Whitweil fire-brick stoves, capable of mak ing a weekly product of 5 00 tons A plant of five 18 pipe Player hot-blast stoves would cost S2L1K0) | A plant of two Whitwells 2th nD A plant of two Gordon's Luproved DU iam) stove ring C, with a slightly tapered or spherical | pe foundation in all cases omitted. Ths joint. The body of the valve consists of a elbow and engaging thering C onthe bottom The cap E is bolted to this neck. spherical joint. A sbould get out of line, adjustment can be effected with the keys, the spherical joint | item for the Player stoves would almost run riveted to the wrought-iron | theircost up to that of the Whitwell plon’. - eR and work on the erection of the mill will be bezun at once, ay Pa. 3 THE IRON AGH. December 3, 1885 CHAS. F. WASHBURN, Vice-President and Secreta; | PHILIP L. MOEN, President and aeons 7 eeaee ena” WASHBURN & MOEN MANUF'G Co, Sheet and Roll Brass) cmesamas — AND WIRE, GERMAN SILVER AND GILDING METAL, COPPER RIVETS AND BURRS, COPPER ELECTRICAL WIRE, ANSONIA BRASS AND COPPER CO., MANUFACTURERS OF PURE COPPER WIRE, For Electrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. a ae Waterbury Brass Co. Seamless Brass and Copper Tubing, ESTABLISHED 1845. Sheets, Bolts, Kods, , wire, o'Neits's | Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, Patent Nickel- German Silver, Copper, Brass and Plated Copper, &e., —IN— Ww. FE. D« or . Pres @. P. COWL oa, V.-P. and Treas. A.A. COWLES, Secretary. Be Re artins Paarup 929" Pins, Brass Butt Hinées, Jack | iii) ae ak Bees, Chain, Kerosene Burners, = By ESS Sat Lamp Trimmings, §e. German Silver Wire, Brass and Copper Tubing, Copper Rivets and Burs, Brass Kettles, Door Rail, Brass Tags, Per- cussion Caps, Powder Flasks, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Meas- ures, &c., and small Brass Wares of every description. Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. 7 VeVTHUHT FTA “ Ansonia Refined Ingo t sundae tteisasegey Oepper; Anchor Brand ; LAKE INGOT COPPER. —_ 19 & 21 CHM Street, NEW YORK. 18 MURRAY ST., NEW YORK, 71 PEARL ST., BOSTON, 115 LAKE ST., CHICAGO. MANUFACTURERS OF IRON and STEEL WIRE, Patent Steel Barb Fencing, Patent Steel Wire Bale Ties. Rolling Mill, Factories _THOR ASTON, CORK. Ww ATERBU RY, CONN. BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO. Pieera; Genee O Ge., | Shey cee ee eT NOS of 08 Onpdond Road Jere RTE TaN NE Hee hey ian ine Oot , “9 Line of Sporting Goods. MANUFACTURERS OF fd — i oo pounce. Saal inne a + yi 8 patant © rahe iy e 5 ele gen pe, wit ater an 1 ton roe OF DEPOTS : MILLS AT t oetuae Wien Vie a ieason Wire and Tinned-plated Wire of alt sz ae sp — alee is meee ve ofc eee a 296 Broadway, New York. vsrcesvey,| Sheet and Roll Br GSS, | seacsseite sees ae tasccd Wins fee ibed caeaina’ Beasts, Sant” eporet fates T | N P i A T E 125 Biddy St., Providence R. 1. CONN. fuish: Carivaied micel’ spelehtrand oud Cet te ony es ath, Steel § rinoline SV ize, Patent / THE BRASS AND COPPER WIRE AND TUBING, ey a AREHOUSES:! New York, 16 Clif and 241 Pearl Sts . tc hicago, 107 and 108 Lake St. ron, Coal and Copper Mines SUPPLIED WITH Se ARR eo? BS, SEAMLESS AND BRAZED TUBING, COPPER AND IRON RIVETS, Roofing Plate, Sheet from °orPe |New Haven Copper Co Pig Tin, Wire, Zinc, &c. SOLE MAKERS OF Under Patent of T. James, Sept. 12, 1876. Oilers and Cuspadores, Lanterns and Trimmings, Clocks and Ply Fan Movements, Lamps and Trimmings, Kerosene Burners, Plumbers’ Materials. Particular atteotion paid to cutting out Blanks and manuracturing Metal Goods. ; YORK. CLIFF STREST, NEW ; vem ai * MANUFACTORY, WaREHOUSE, ALSO MANUFACTURERS AND Bridgeport, Conn. | 19 Murray St., N. ¥. DEALERS IN a eeetaes 2 aS o Ste OS?y : ‘ A SCOVILL HF. Company |PRAZIERS’ & SHEATHING cOPPER | Holmes, Booth & Haydens, fies i ake RY Gammannae. 7 out. Kettles, Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, &c. WATERBURY CONN. eeaee SOR eae ’ Ky c ers O 80 NU ‘TU s 0 NEW YORK, Ss N, © cir ptt <tieeah Graan Geen wien Brass Tubing. ™ ae nt 25 ons ae ale ia “ Rs Shh ¥ oe 4 RRMA. shen, Taree Silver, German Silver Cast Steel Augers and Bits of Superior Quality. Wire, German Silver Tubing. Midd B d, Desk, Shi onthe } Narrow ead ipring oad Piaaoterte. | 204 Pearl St., NEW YORK. BUTTONS, | Military, Naval, Livery, Society, Ralil- = pos MD hci hatech sunrons. utah iiiceaietcoist (DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO. ie ee | ; Pest Offices IRON ’ ' . Scovill’s Patent Lock Box for Post Offices. DEPOTS: COPPER, WIRE, ZINC, ETC., 433 Broome roy Devonshire Street, Best< 29 and 31 Cliff St., cor. Fulton, 18s Lake Street, Chicago. | DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool NEW YORK. 22 Murray St. Manufacturers of all kinds of Brass, Copper & German Silver, ROLLED AND IN SHEETS. Brass and Copper Wire, Tubing, WIRE CLOTH OF ALL KINDS BY HOWARD & MORSE. 45 FULTON STREET. NEW YORK. Copper Rivets and Burs. BRASS AND IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. GERMAN SILVER Spoons, SILVER- ABRAM S. HEWITT, Pres., WM. HEWITT, Vice-Pres., JAMESHALL, Treas,, E. HANSON, Se: Tae TRENTON IRON CO., MANUFACTURERS OF IRON AND STEEL WIRE. PLATED FORKS AND Spoons, KEROSENE BuRNERS, &C. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co., Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, Antimony, Solder & Old Metals, 100 John Street, New York. SIDING,CEILING, ARCHES4*2 LATH. o CINCINNAT,, CORRUGATING CO. «+ CINCINNATI, O. + SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. . THE SAMSON is the Best, the Simple and most Portable WIRE STRETCHER in the Marxet. Be Te 0. ERs be) 2) hs i ~ ©) = oO x © © PASSAIC ZING GO. MANUFACTURERS OF Pure Spelter FOR Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes AND ALL FINE WORK. Also for GALVANIZERS AND BRASS FOUNDERS. MANNING & SQUIER, Gen'l Agents, 111 LIBERTY ST. (2d Floor), NEW YORK. GEO, W. PRENTISS & CO,, HOLYOKE, MASS. Manufacturers of IRON De WIRE, Plans and Estimates for Senbeiee ‘Bridges Furnished on Application. Works and Office, TRENTON, NEW JERSEY. New York Office, COOPER, HEWITT & CO., 17 Burling Slip. Philadelphia Office, 21 N. Fourth St. Chicago Office, 146 Lake Street. Se — ——— Cate WIRE ROPE HAZARD MFG C0. wancros : 7 ang na mm Wilesbare, Pa Line of Draft direct; always Self-Adjust ing; Rigid Double Handle ; Double Paw! ; it works at either end of the “tence, at either side of the post and either side up, LIGHT, PORTABLE, SIMPLE, SURE. For sale by all leading wholesale Jobbing Hardware Houses and Barb Wire men in the United States. Send for Price List showing our liberal Dis counts to the Wholesale Trade. MANUFACTURED ONLY BY SAMSON NOVELTY WORKS Nos. 14 & 16 Main St., De Kalb, Ills. AND IN CANADA BY BULLOCK HARDWARE CO., Otterville, Ontario. 98 Reade Street lowa Barb Wire Co., “new vou” Bright, Coppered, Annealed and Tin Plated. Also GUN SCREW WIRE Of all sizes, straightened and cut to order. MANUFACTURERS OF (RON AND STEEL WIRE ROPE, 704 & 7O6 N. Main St., - - - St. St. Louis, M Mo. A. LESCHEN oe Sons, Manufacturers of ESTABLISHED 1837. H. 8. CHASE, INCORPORATED 1876, Sec’y & Treas, Waterbury Mfg. Co., WATERBURY, CONN.,, Brass Goods THE WIRE GOODS CO., Worcester. Mass. ‘SOUIM] ‘Suryoeg dwoy Tarred Lathyarn, | Manila Rope. © S 3 and 905 N. MAIN STREET, ST. LOUIS, MO. Correspondence invited Ww. S. ESTEY. Manufacture } ) = {ee Pomc WIRE C + YD HS Bees Iren and Steel Locomotive Spark Wire Cloth. Riddles for Expert and Foundry ase. Coal and Sand screens. [ren Belting Cloth. Wire Work ef every descriptien. No. 71. FULTON sST., - NEw YTornse: HOLT’S FORGES. FIVE SIZzs. FOR ALL KINDS OF WORK. $10 and Upward. HOLT MFG. CO., Cleveland, Obie. Mention The Iron Age. Bright Wire Goods, Mill Wire Goods, Belt Hooks, Double-Pointed Tacks and Staples, Wire Picture Cord, Clothes Line Wire, Hand Rail Screws, &c., &c. Wires cut, bent, milled, straightened and made to any desired shape. Orders solicited fro ym the Trade for the full hne of Screw Eyes, &c., known as Hardware Wire Goods. Quality guaranteed the best in the market. Special articles made to order. THE WIRE COODS CO., Worcester, Mass. A. W. PARMELEE, Pres't. | > COOK’S FRICTION (8 Pounds) This | Runse ing but be usec of cha which sion; § ing ho prices i THE WI No. quir Thor 3, 1885. THEHE IRON AGE 3 yecember ~ QO.LNDEMANN £00. CATR & NOEWN, | THE FRED, J, MEYERS MFG, CO, MANUPFACTUPERS Manufacturers of | ©TEEL WIRE for all purposes and STEEL SPRINGS of every description. COVINGTON, KY., Manufacturers of Japanned, Brass, WIRE Goons oF ALI. HKRINDS. pi a . . Mh \ hi Tin Piated k “. — i Nn and Wood == x ae == >? . = te Ti? BIRD 3% : " nnn ah es S yy SE S nnn) Ne HI] SS : > ze > S RS ““SHARP’S”” PAT. CAN OPENER. “< h.-=-2! e SN i k This is the eastest and most rapid cutting Can Opener ever made et: sy pa S It can be used to open ¢ ithe rroundorsquarecans. By turning with Sih i > the fingers the small ratchet on the end of the screw or spiral rod, Original inventors } . a — ~ the Knife or Cutter can be set to cut a hole any size, from % tn. to and patentees of — > bad im. in diameter. The Knife is made of the finest forged and tempered steel, and on account of its peculiar Sright Metal Cages aed b> OL. truction will cut the heaviest as well as the Hghtest can. The Spiral Screw, as well as the Sticker on the onstructed without Ss > d, are also made of steel, and the whole device finished first class in every respect, making this, without solder S $5 question, - simplest, most durable and best Can Opener ever > introduces 254 Pearl St., r ‘ : F Our patent Oval Popper with round corners is the neatest, NEW YORK. strongest and best Popper made Dealers desiring a first-class Market ®teel Wire, C rinoline Wire, Tempered and Covered. stiele-ahonid t st - as “Ewe “T . = . a cle shoul uy no othe ne or em vg, Cres . , Also PATENT TEMPERED STEEL FURNITURE SPRINGS, constantly on hand. oie Sipab pecan settee al W> abeeagepton ° Mincing Knives and Hardwar Specialties Send for Illustrated BF, 286 and 238 West 29th Street, NEW YORK. Catulogue and Price List jetecerl| ROW, AND, BRASS_ RIVETS STUDS, PINS, SCREWS, &c. For Manufacturers of Light Hardware. ATERBURY, CONN.| BW er N Sa BLAKE & JOHNSON, Wat y, C | aU Sata LD, OO RtSF ee SPRINGS. SUCCESSORS TO 'W. S. TYL LER R, sT Louvut ss MM © . - . MANUFACTURERS OF EXTRA HEAVY STEEL WIRE CLOTH FOR STAMP BATTERIFS. él, Iron, Brass and Copper Cloth for Coal ard Ore : Screens, Flour Mills, Papsr Mills azd Ma!tsters. ¢ 754 to 758 wT. CLATR sT. #4. Ss. TYLER, Pres. E. H. ALLEN, Sec. & Treas. CLEVELAND, OHIO. = _ Elliptic, Concord, Platform and all standard shapes made from the cele- brated PERNOT CAST STEEL by the W IRE, WIRE CLOTH. oT IRE gue a TENBERG ce ORBEA, Zz ]) O = Gautier Steel Department of the Cam- Counter Railings, Window Guards, Iron and Wire Fences, KE m bria Iron Co., Johnstown, Pa. All Plain and Barbed Fencing Wire. O D 7 ~< springs are hand-fitted, thoroughly cs ne oO tested under power presses, and care- NATIONAL WIRE py” IRON CO, an _ fully inspected before leaving the DETROIT. micz. . Z factory. DRAWERS of Fine Brass and Copper Wire. 5 - ALSO WEAVERS OF $3 4 New York Office, Chicago Office, Philadelphia Office, BRASS and (COPPER CLOTHS. 104 READE ST. 202 First Nat. Bank Building. 523 ARCH ST. — [No. 136.] THOMPSON McOOPH, President, JOHN A, McCOSH, Sec. and Treas, 7 Estab’d 1418. Incorp’d 1474. LIFTER AND i rue BARB WIRE “carrier. = | Gilbert & Bennett Mfg. Co. , = — WAREHOUSES : a ania 42 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK, = " J 228 LAKE ST., CHICAGO, ILLS., : NO DANGER OF CUT- ; 2a ed or s TING HANDS OR TEAR mag |ron & Galvanized Wire > Ne CLOVER. insane ieee tinied cad ten vy eee oF ized Window Screen Wire Cloth. a THE LIFTER MANY Patent applied for This grinder has a s-in. Emery and Corundum Wheel. Runs easly to required speed, viz. 47 0; is light, weigh ing but 8 fbs.; small, occupying but little room ; can be used wet or dry ; is well made, the frame and w heel of charcoal tron with a hard-rubber friction pulley ‘which can instantly be adjusted to any required ten- | sion; spindle, steel. and is just the ariicle for grind ing house and shop tools Of every description. For prices address THE K. & W. MFG. CO., Chillicothe, O. Chicago Office, :o9 State Street Galvanized Wire Cloth for Dryin Fruits, Warld’s Galvanized Wer TIMES EVERY DAY. Wire Fence, Galvanized Twis* Wire Pouttry’ Netting. >ATEN (HARDMAN PATENT.) Factories, Geergetewn, Conn Five Sizes for Making wane N I EN-TSI CH | N ESE LACQU ER, Manufactured lon. No. 28 to No. O Gauge any Re-. quired Length. Solely by Manufactured by ALBERT ASSMAN & SONS, [PATENTED.] UNEQU ALLED FOR DURABILITY. Prevents Iron, Steel, Brass, Nickel. Copper. Silver, Bronze and L Hawkeye Steel Barb Fence Co., Burlington, lowa. dot all compositions from c orroding. Also resists dampness, KEROSENE OI Thoroughly tested and io successful operation. | and FLY SPECKS. Can be applied without heating metal. For prices and particulars address Sole Agents, H. §. ALLEN & CO., 112 John St., New York. Our Agents, John H. Graham & Co.,113 Chambers St., carry stock of our Lifters and will supply at Factory prices. Would call specia} attention to manufacturers of Agricultural Implements, Machinery and Architectural $s BIRMINGHAM IRON FOUNDRY, Lron Works. Sample and Prices sent on application. —- BIRMINGHAM, CONN. PENNSYUVANIA Wire WoRx:KS, p AT EN NT 0 F 4 C E. 231 Arch Street. PHILADELPHIA. Ww A ‘ 2 A FR } ty % + The at cut represents Preston’s Patent Braided Cable Wire Fence Kail, manufactured by the 7 eg ED D D SON ss, HOLLOW CABLE MFG. CO., Hornelisville, N. ¥Y. We also manufacture extensively P >, 2c | TUFAC 2ERS ( four different sizes Wire Clothes Lines. Send for Circulars and Price Lists, - Roeder & Briesen, | eee C. 8. CHAMBERLAIN, 55 Dearborn St., Ghicago, III. | szands4 Nassau St, | Brass, Copper & Iron Wire Cloth, Sieves & Riddles. | . *y NEW YORK. z ne ; ae. eee a —_ Extra-Heavy and Twilled Locomotive Wire, Brass Wire & SSeS : — Cloth for Centrifugal Machines, Wrought-Iron THE 3] LLI N G S . re a NCER Co. ; j [ : Railings. Coal and Sand Screens, Jron Bedsteads, ———— American and Foreign See "“Wiekew Geatie. Wire Work of Every HA RTFO a 8 a es) N N. Pp A l E N I ' S Description. Send for Catalogue. \NUFACTURERS OF Sai” cil SCREW PLATES ANQ 8 zs Solicited promptly and at the lo ywest rates, DIES MADE IN 5 SIZES CUTTING 6 3 My: 3 a. THREADS FROM OF AN INCH ‘FLORENCE’ — Uh) ——<';. ‘ -= LAMP STOVE. j 0am 0e] 514-9 THREAD. ALSO : Bn cele 21.80 UNE’ PATENT STEEL DOOR HANGER. (iereeerenenr Parenter ae thaw chins ta te The most perfect Anti- Friction Hanger in the Market. i se Ee BECAUSE ! aes OF BAR STEEL. E Saas es It 1s made of steel throughout. except the wheel which has a : steelaxle. It will pot break. It is practically free from wear. It > , is almost noiseless in o— It peqeees = gO agent CORTLAND, N Y 5 Zonatle. “tt Seay bo enol wth aan track. It is always in order. W I C K WI! R E B R OT H E R S 5 , * = | LANE’S PATENT TRACK MANUFACTURERS OF , ae Is made of steel and 1s costly put ip pesteten. Comes x pelts 7 . - xr ice. Door b ereon cannot jum e trac s not | . oT. rus wena sarn, me wail oF Seah waite oo Rane bas wad ones. Wer! WIRE CLOTH AND WIRE GOops a be used with bangers of other manufacture. that little d by Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Dish Covers, 3 jist ute || . Manntactured by LANE BROS., Pougnteens ee HEATING STOVE JOHN H. GRAHAM & CO., General Agents, 113 Chambers Street, NEW YORK. ‘*CORTLAND” orn Foppers, HEAT A ROOM? — | , ° : i - ie INDOW T Coal Sieves, We ed, DIEBEL MANUFACTURING CO. ee Dy a a Send for eireulars, ete. to N. E. Cor. 8d and Cumberland Sts., PHILADELPHIA, PA., wre tone Flour Sieves, = F ENCE MACHINE CO., aaa . MANUFACTURERS OF THE a ' ss ee: Etc. Ete. va | LASTER, G08. _— CHALLENGE EMERY GRINDERS, POLISHING MACHINES, COUNTER SHAFTS, HANGERS, &, aS , Sample Lamp Stove gratis to responsible dealers cond | Contractors and Builders of Light Machinery and Hardware Specialties. Metallic Coal Sieve. S. application, ee" oe ——— he tome d f OGDEN & WALLACE, Marshall Lefferts & Co., 85,87, 89 & 91 Elm St., New York. 90 Beekman St., New York City, MANUFACTURERS OF [ron = Steel galyanized Sheet Iron, Of every description kept in stock. Agents for Park, Brother & Co.'s Rest Bloom, Best Refined and Common. Galvanized Wire, Telegraph and Fence ; Galvanized > “.” T “ee ae oh Oy Hoop and Band Iron, Gulvanized Rod and Bar Iron, B I é AC K I )I A M<¢ YN D ST EEL. — Nails, Galvanized Chain, Galvanised Iron All sizes of Cast and Machinery Steel con sia stan.ly ou hand, — CORRUGATED SHEET IRON PIE RSO N & Giluleaueee ee SHEET IRON. IMPORTERS AND DFALERS IN y <r “= ) er. 7 i ibe r IRON and STEEL,!| PLATE AND Tank Iron, A GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS. ’. No. 1, C. H. No. 1, C. H, No.1 Flange, Best Flange, Be st Flange Fire Box, Circles & 27 West Street, NEW YORK. - 25, 26 ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF IRON WORK GALVANIZED OR TINNED TO ORDER. S.. Price list and quotations sent upon application. IRON MERCHANTS, FOX & “DRUNNOND,; 190 SOUTH 8T., $65 WATER st, | NEW york. Cast lron Gas and Water Pipe, 2 to 48 Inches Diameter, “ALR. M.CO.” SHAFTING. ALSO GENERAL ASSORTMEN1 OF “NORWAY,” “ULSTER,” “CATASAUQUA,” st<paiceaaalle bint neer aie demeer "ines. (JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO, STEEL OF ALL KINDS. TELEPHONE CALL, “ NASSAU, 379.” Importer of and Dealer in SCOTCH AND AMERICAN SCOTCH AND AMERICAN A. R. WHITNEY & CO,, DANIEL F. COONEY, AGENCIES: Steel Plates GLASGOW IRON CO. PINE IRON WORKS. GLASGOW MY BE WORKS. Boiler Flues. BROOKLYN WIRE NAIL CO,, Steet Wire Nails made for erecting Lron Structures of every descrip- ae WROUGHT & CAST SCRAP IRON, 70 & 71 West St., PIG IRON, i ere d Steel No. 63 Wall St. New York. PORTAGE II TRON CO., Limited, Merchant Iron and | 88 Washington St., New York, Soft Stee | NORW AY STEEL & IRON CO,, Homogeneous | IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATES ans meats IRON CO.,, Tank, Boiler and Girder ee "lates, BRANDYWINE ROLLING MILL. Boiler Plates. ALLISON BOILER FLUES SAAMHOTE BaOS”'A" CON biniea "tom and| 55g : Cc a MM Steel Beans, Channels, shapesandstating | BB. EF. JU DSON, THE CHESTER PIPE AND TUBE CO, Plans and estimates furnished and contracts tion. _— ae = = ae — sent - > tion by r t favuiine s8'Hudonse New vo. |e Ls Lron, Borven & Love cs. Commission Merchants,|.... 2...) 457 & 459 Wat ke °/333 & 338 Yate SE:| NEW YORK, GREENE ? Phipps & B ’ . iREEN urman’s Clippers. REELAND, § 5 NEW YORK, SEND FOR CATALOGUE AND PRICES, PP AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF Fall River lron Co.'s Nails, Bands, | Hoops and Rods, AND Borden Mining Company's CUMBERLAND COALS. IMPORTED & AMERICAN PIG IRON. eo LAKE SUPERIOR CHARCOAL IRON, | MilemiA/J/eal@ Tek @, ahi ooe For Malleable and Car-Wheel Purposes, A SPECIALTY. Cwas. FE $L TY - TT Sta, Howard, Childs & Co., CHARLES HIMROD & CO.,/Commission Merchants, _CHICAGO AND DETROIT. No. 514 Smithfield St., Pittsburgh, Pa. /ron and Steel of all Descriptions, Iron and Steel Nails, Heavy Hardware, Coal Hods, Dripping Pans, &c. Pittsburgh Manufactured Goods of all Kinds. Correspondence solicited. Prices on application BOLT & RIVET CLIPPERS. E. JENCKES MANFG. CO.. R. D. Wo0D & 00. For cutting off the ends of Bolts one Bivete, on | c — KES, Wagons, harness, &c. Ask for them | PAWTUCKET, R. L., wher u 4 t e, Oo t v bee 7 7 aa? rot hardwar r send for cir- Bright Wire Goods, Belt Hooks, SPRING PINS, KEYS AN ; : CHAMBERS, BROTHER & Co.,| Bent Wire rot of ature eee Ca st | ro n Fe | 62nd Sr, BeLow Lancasrer Ave., PHILADELPHIA, PA. New York Office, SS Chambers Street. SAMUEL A. HAINES, Selling Agent PASSAIC ROLLING MILL CO. Manufacture and have always in stock ROLLED IRON’ BEAMS, Channels, Angles, Tees, Merchant Bars, Riveted Work, Fergings, Eye Bars, &c., PATERSON, N. uv. : Room 45, Astor House, New York. Th CUT NAILS, . Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, End), Lamoille, Black Dia mn Boiler Rivets, Boiler Brace jaws Socket Bolts, |* & Cc "HE LRON AGE. J. H. Sternbergh, Reading, Pa., JOHN BROWER, St Murray St.| Boits, Nuts, Washers, Rivets, lron and Brass Founder, A. F. PIKE MFG. CO.., ANUFACTURERS ANU WHOLESALE DEALERS IN : tal Ke. we ine. Also Oil, Water and Dry & . Whetstones ; ow a Y . . Washita, Turkey indo- | ¢ r\ 3 IR | R¢ ) N ( (), S stan anda Sandstone Razor Hones Vier na Cigar shape In fact. everything that is used for sharpentng OXFORD) 2. wean 4 ct. va PITTSBURGH, IRON AND NAIL CO., Cut Nails AND SF IK ES. J. 8. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS OF PATENT Planished Sheet Iron. 4 7 Patented April 8th, 1873 ; Sept. oth, 1873 ; Oct. JOHN J HARRISON 6th, 1874; Jan. m1, 1876; Oct. 17th, 1876; Jan. FF. K + tith, 1877; Feb. 6th, 1877; Dec. roth, 1878; (Successor to HARRISON & GLLLOON), Jan. roth, 18 82 i= 1st, 188 4 ; Feb, rath, 1834 : IRON AND METAL DEALER, March 4th, + Jan, 6th, 18 304, 306 CHERRY ST. a ee Saw * ORR ot ite eal Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to the CEO. N. PIERCE & CO. BUFFALO, N. Y., | has on hand, and offers for sale, the following : al Se Scotch and American Pig Iron, W rought, Cast and h Cd) = / > Machinery Scrap Iron, Car Wheels, Axle —_ ne av? I I] RTED RL SSIA IRON ’ New York Office, i 195 Water Street, te Howto, eee eee te and at a leas price. MANUFACTURERS OF ———E —_—- ALSO Send for Illustrated Catalogue and Price Lists ALSO FOR SALE BY : Common, Refined. Charcoal and Juniat B U R DE N’ S i —™ _— Chicago Stamping Co., Chicago, Il. GRADES OF Sickles, Pat sston & Co.. Davenport, Iowa. BLACK SHEET IRON,| GincingstiTin and Japan Co., Cincinnati, 01 “Burden Best” Kenne dy, Spaulding & Co., Syracuse, N. Y. Ww aver & G } ter, N.Y. Smooth on both sides. 7 ri >. Tro! SYRACUSE. MALLEABLE IRON Wo REs, SYRACUSE, - N. Y. W Laughlin Nail Co., SOLE ACENT, I ron Mower and Reaper Castings and/97 Chambers Street, New York ' oy 5 TQ ss Boiler Ra ets. PROPRIETOR. W. B. BURNS, J. LEONARD, PENNSYLVANIA IRON WORKS 7 to 451 Mest Sty NEW YORK, 7 & 179 Bank St,, MANUFACTURER OF THE BURDEN TRON CO.) eee ere ceca ri.|HORSE SHOE IRON, SASTrec aes oF Toe Calk Steel, Rods, Ovals, Half Ovals and Flats, Light Sheet Iron. xeystoNE ROLLING MILL, Limited, ROOFING SHEET of all grades a specialty. Prices quoted promptly upon application. WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., Iron Merchants, Cor. ALBANY & WASHINGTON SIS., NEW YORK CITY. E. C. Wallace. Manufacturers of IRON, Pittsburgh, Pa. Bonnell. Botsford & Co... TRON, NAILS IND SPIKES YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. JOHN CALDWELL, Treas T. W. WELSH, Supt W. W. CARD, Secy. CORRUGATED AND CRIMPED IRON ROOFING & SIDING, Win. H. Wallace. Wm. Bispham. MANUFACTURER OF REFINED BAR IRON. Also as a Speciaity [ron Buildings, Roofs, Shutters, Doors, Cornices, Skvlights, Bridges, &c. MOSELEY IRON BRIDGE AND ROOF CO., 5 Dey Street, NEW YORK. GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, Jr., Prest H. H. WESTINGHUUSE, Gen’! Agt. ee) Westinghouse Air-Brake Co. PITTSBURGH, PA. U.S.A. MANUFACTURERS OF THE WESTINGHOUSE AUTOMATIC BRAKE, Westinghouse Locomotive Driver Brake, Vacuum Brakes sie estingheuse & Smith Patents). WESTINGHOUSE FREIGHT BRAKE. The Automatic Freight Brake is essentially the same apparatus as the Automatic Brake fo: passenger cars, except that the various parts are so combined as to form practically one piece of mechanism, and is sold at a very low price. The saving in accidents, flat wheels, brakemen’s wages and the inereased speed possible with perfect safety, will repay the cost of its application within y short time. * er - * Automatic ” has proved itself to be the most efficient Train and Safety Brake known. Its application is instantaneous ; it can be operated from any car in the train if desired, and should th« train separate, or hose or pipe fail, it applies automatically. A GUARANTEE is given custome: against loss from PATENT SUITS on the apparatus sold them. The WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE is now fitted to upward of I5,000 ENGINES AND 80 000 CARS, and is adopted by the principal Railways in all parts of the world, FULL INFORMATION FURNISHED ON APPLICATION. — e\LEECHBURG IRON WORKS. KIRKPATRICK & CO. LIMITED Manufacture of all Grades of LAG SCREWS, TURNBUCKLES, Rods and Forgings for Bridges and Buildings, &e., &c, &e. ~ WM. McFARLAND, TRENTON, N. J. Chilled Cast Wire Dies a Specialtv. Any size or style made at short notice, PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of FOR WATER AND GAS, SARSAID DAT ooo |LAMP POSTS, VALVES, ET. | gape 6SHEET IRONS, (Refined, Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Iron, &c.) NATURAL GAS USED AS FUEL. OFFICE, No, 143 First Ace., Pittsburgh, Pa. Mathew’s Pat. Anti-Freezing Hydrants. 400 CHESTNUT STREET. __ WORKS, Leechburg, Pa. Only single Ring ever invented CLOSES on Cures OF — aN that closes on outside of the nos¢ Only Double Ring Inventec hi \\ BROWN’'S Champion Hog Ringer, | ee) Ellintical Ring 8 RINGS and HOLDER. . and Triple Groove Hog and Pig Ringe The only Ring that will effectu ~ AD Only single R that ck c ally Keep Mogs from vesting. No I & So. Y the outnde o t he nose. No ‘sb. art sharp points im the nose. points in the flesh to keep It sore cH 1AMBERS, BERING & QUINLAN CO., ened ‘lusive Manufacturers, Decatur, I)! JoHN J. SPOWERS, President. ALEXANDER Brass, Manager. THE JERSEY CITY GALVANIZING CO., MANUFACTURERS OF GALVANIZED MATERIAL OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. «salvanizing in All its Branches. Galvanized Sheet Iron—Best Bloom, Best Refined. Common. Galvanized Round, Square, Band and Hoop Iron, &c., &c. Pike Station, New Hampshire, U.S. A. Cable Address, ** Pike, Haverill.’’ BLU0D SToOoNn=z. ¢ Largest Manufacturers and Dealers in Stones for Sharpening all Edge Tool. “%ke’s celebrated Blue (J me Indian Pond (Red ynd, Magic, G ireen Moun n All” kinds branded - th our name are genu ge Tools supplied in any grit or shape required ality and Prices guaranteed. Send in your orders All Sizes All Gauges VARIETY METAL BOOM. of Corrugation and iron Foundry and Machine Sho; ow zes STEAM HEATING BY DIRECT RADIATIO? PULLER BROTHERS & CO, |e S 139 GREENWICH ST.. NEW YORK. from CS A TS, of Sheets. Corrugated Sheet Iron 4 apectey, Gaiventoss. ~~ on Petased. Iron Corrugated for the Trade WORKS: GREEN and BAY STREETS YERSEY CITY, N. i “OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE 98 JOHN STREET NEW YORK, all its Branches a Specialty. Brass and othe tal Moulding, Casting and Finishing. Noiselea: FPRAS. B. BANNAN, Pottsville, Schuylkill Go., Pa. December » 1885 BIRD CAGES and REFRIGERATORS, WHEELING NAILS, K. ROSS. Carriage Irons a Specialty. /Manhattan Rolling Mill Pla JdA\ 2? “— — Offic: Bl Gor Rail ‘rene! x XX IXL ed 4 rk I. December 3, 1885. a Shan HENRY LEVIS é& CO., |'Manufacturers’ Agents For Iron and Steel Rails, Car Wheels, Boiler and Sheet Iron and General Railway Equipments. Old Rails, Axles and Wheels bought and sold, 234 S. 4th St., Philadelphia. Light Fastenings, STREET RAILS. WILLIAM R. HART & CO.,| PIG IRON, SPIEGELEISEN, STEEL BLOOMS, CROP ENDS, TIN PLATES, &c. Yo, 226 WALNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA. Rails, Railway Johnstown, Pennsylvania. 218 South Fourth St., Philadelphia, | Pa. ~The Phoenix Iron Co., 410 WALNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Lron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. Wrought Iron Roof Trusses, Girders and Joists, and all kinds of Iron Framing used in the con- Patent Wrought Iron Columns, Weldless Eye Bars, and Built-up Shapes for Iron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and Every Variety of SHAPE IRON Made to order. DAVID REEVES, President. struction of Fire-Proof Buildings : Plans and Specifications furnished. Address New York Agents, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty St. Boston Agents, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ALAN WOOD & CoO., MANUFACTURERS OF Patent Planished, Galvanized, Common, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charceal Bloom PLATE ch SHEET IRON,|-— ALSO LIGHT PLATES AND SHEETS OF STEEL, No. 519 Arch Street. Philadelphia, Pa, Orders solicited especially for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water Pipe, Smoke Stack, Tank and Boat Iron ; Last, Stamping, Ferrule Locomotive Headlight and Jacket Iron, WwW. H.WALBAUM & CO., 206 S. Fourth St., Philadelphia. NEW AND OLD RAILS, BLOOMS. BESSEMER PIC. Crop Ends, Spiegeleisen, Iron Ores and Railroad Supplies Generally. AGENTS IN THE UNITED STATES FOR THE NORTH LONSDADE IRON & STEEL CO., Limited, Bessemer Pig Iron, brand “Ulverston ;” Iron, brand * U. H. M.’ ATITE IRON & STEEL CO., Limited, Spiegeleisen, Crop Ends, &c. nas Fire Bricks. 61 Pine St., New York. MOSS BAY HE Also for ** Lorn ” Malleable Charcoa! Pig Iron and N. B. ALLEN & CO.’S Also Sole Agents for the WHITE RIVER MINING CO’S. Arkansas Manganese Ore, Guaranteed 50 per cent. Metallic Manganese. PENCOYD A. cw RP. ROBERTS cc Co., MANUFACTURERS OF BEAMS, CHANNELS, DECK BEAMS, ANGLES, TEES, PLATES, MERCHANT BAR, WORKS, SHAFTING AND ROLLED OR HAMMERED AXLES OF IRON OR STEEL. Office, No. 26 S. Fourth St., Philadelphia. Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. GORDON, STROBEL & LAUREAU, ENGINEERS, No. 226 Walnut St., BLAST FURNACE CONSTRUCTION, STEEL WORKS CONSTRUCTION. Philadelphia, Pa. AGENCIES: Fire Brick Hot Blast Stove Co., Krupp Steel Casting Process, Bell Bros.’ Coal Washing Machines, Krupp-Bell Dephosphorizing Process. SPECIALTIES: Gordon’s Patent Improved Whitwell- -Cowper Fire-Brick Stoves, Gordon’s Patent Stationary Converter, Laureau’s Pitless Converter- House Sys- tem, Bell Bros.’ Coal Washing Machines, Krupp Gas Producers, Regenerative Heating and Melting Furnaces THE ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILLS, MANUFACTURERS OF Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn-Tables. General Office, 237 South Third St., Philadelphia. J. W. PAXSON & CO., MOULDING SAND 1021 North Delaware asc ie Pa., ae (70 MANUFACTURERS CHARCOAL FACING, ANTHRACITE FACING, SOAPSTONE, Gas Producer, Terrenoire Works at Allentown, Pa. DEALERS IN LEAD FACING, RIDDLES, STEEL BRUSHES. X MINERAL, XX MINERAL, XL FACING, SHOVELS, EDWARD J. ETTING, IRON BROKER & COMMISSION MERCHANT, 222 S. Tarrp St., PHILADELPHIA, PA. PIG, BAR and RAILROAD IRON, OLD RAILS, SCRAP, &c. Agent for the Mount Savuge Fire Brick. EXCLUSIVE AGENT FOR LYNCHBURG IRON CcCo.,, LYNCHBURG, VA., Foundry and Forge Pig Iron. STORAGE, WHARF anp YARD, Delaware Avenue, above Callowhill St., connected by track with rail road. CASH ADVANCES MADE ON IRON. Jas. G. Linpsay. THos, 8. Parvin. LINDSAY, PARVIN & CO., Successors to Lioyp & Linpsay, 828 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. Iron Ship and Bridge Builders’ Materials, Steel and Iron Shapes and Bars, Sheet Iron, Sheet Steel, Pig Iron, Muck Bars, Plate Girders for Bridges and Buildings. Contracts placed for Iron Structures Ethelbert Watts. Jos. C. Poulterer, ETHELBERT WATTS & CO., tron Brokers and Commission Merchants, No. 320 So. Third Street, Philadelphia, SALES AGENTS FOR Pennsylvania and Virginia Pig Iron, ‘‘Corn- wall,’’ ** Chester,’ and Other Iron Ores. Dealers in Old Rails and Iron and Steel Sc rap of all kinds. Correspondence solicited. L. & R. WISTER & CO., | IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 257 Bo. 4th 8t., Philadelphia. AGENTS Kemble and Norway Foundry and Forge Pig Iron. Wyebrooke C, B. Charcoal Pig Iron. Ferguson Red Short Pig Iron. DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF SCRAP IRON. MORRIS, WHEELER & CO. Iron, Steel and Nails. WAREHOUSE @& OFFICES, SALES OFFICES. 16th & Market Sts., 400 Chestnut St.. PHILA., PA. PHILA., PA. New York Address, 14 CLIFF ST. ROBT. MOFFLY & CO. Bankers and Brokers, and Wholesale Dealers in SCRAP IRON AND METALS, PHILADELPHIA. Yard, N. E. Cor. Ninth and Jefferson Streets, E. G. JAMES, Manager. Bk’g Office, 312 Stock Exchange Pl. Room 4, Established 1847, A. WHITNEY & SONS, ’ IRON AGE. JUSTICE COX, « JR, & CO, Chickies, Conewago, Montgomery and Shenandoah FOUNDRY and FORGE PIG IRON. CARBON ROLLING MILL CO., Limited, Best Qual: ity Muck Bar. CATASAUQUA MFG. CO.’S Bar, Angle, Skelp and Sheet Iron. Shenandoah (Va.) Best Charcoal Blooms, No. 224 So, Fourth h St, . Phila, Jerome Keeley R (o,, 206 Walnut Place, Phila., Selling Agents for CHARCOAL and ANTHRACITE BLOOMS, PIG IRON, BAR IRON, SHEET IRON, STEEL and IRON RAILS, IRON CLAD STEEL RAILS and BARS, MAGNETIC and HEMATITE IKON ORES, FIRE BRICK, COAL and COKE, MUCK BARS. Handle Old Iron and Steel Rails, Scrap Iron, &c. Examine and negotiate sales of Iron and Coal properties. E. H. Wilson. A. Kaiser. J. B. M. Hirons. E. H. WILSON & CO., 230 South Third Street, Philadelphia, BROKERS AND DEALERS IN IRON ano STEEL. J, W. HOFEMAN & C0, [RON COMMISSION (MERCHANTS, 208 South Fourth st., Philadelphia. Selling Agents PINE IRON WORKS, Pine Brand Plates; GLASGOW IRON CoO., Plates and Muck Bars; SPRANG STEEL & IRON CO. (Limited), Siemens Martin (Open-Hearth) Steel, Universal and Sheared Plates, Angles and Shapes. JNO. L. HOGAN, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANT, 216 SOUTH FOURTH ST., PHILA. Pig Iron & Ores, Steel & Iron “looms, Agent for Brier Hilllron and Coal (o., Youngstown Steel Co. Open Hearth Metal, Charcoal Iron, Connellsville Coke, Old Rails, Scrap, &c. FOR BEST MILL Andover Pig Iron. Each P ig marked exact chill depth (44 In. to % In.), Whitney & Son's standard test. re coy Irae, agent. 240 So. 3d St., Phila. J. J. MOHR 430 WALNUT ST., PHILA. PA., SOLE AGENT FOR eo | Sheridan, Leesport, Temple, Lynch- burg, Millcreek and Mt. Laurel CAR WHEEL WORKS, "= PIG IRON aii PHILADELPHIA, CHARCOAL PIG IRON. Special Wheels for Furnace and Mine Cars. | | Also Woodbridge Clay Mining Co.’s Fire Brick. PLYMOUTH ROLLING MILL CO., ©onshgkocken. MANUFACTURERS OF Pig Iron, Foundry and Forge. Puddled Bars, Special for Axles, Best Neutral and Common. Plate and Sheet Steel, Every description of Light Plates and Sheets of Steel. Plate and Sheet Iron, Best Bloom, Tube, Cleaned, Best Refined, Skelp, Blue Annealed and Common. &@ Particular attention given to Iron for Special Purposes. TESTED GHAINS. Bradlee & Co., Empire Chain Works, 816 Richmond St., Philadelphia. Chains for Foundry Cranes and Slings. “D. B. G.” Special Crane Chain. Steel and Iron Dredging, Slope and Mining Chains. Ship’s Cables and Marine Railway Chains. CUMBERLAND NAIL AND IRON CO,, MANUFACTURERS OF ~CUMBERLIND” NAILS & WROUGHT IRON PIPE, 43 North Water St., and 44 North Delaware Ave., PHILADELPHIA. J. Tatnall Lea & C a Successors to CABEEN & CO,, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, No. 400 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. BESSEMER, MILL AND FOUNDRY PIG IRON, SKELP IRON, MUCK AND SCRAP BARS, NATIVE AND FOREIGN ORES. AGENTS FOR CONNELLSVIL “LE C E COKE Rods, &c. Office, LOCOMOTIVE AND CAR-WHEEL TIRES Manufactured from the celebrated UTIS STEEL BRAND FJ STANDARD Z Quality and efficiency fully guaranteed. Prices as low as apy of the same quality. We manufacture Heavy and Light Forgings, Driving and Car Axles, Crank Pins, Piston THE STANDARD STEEL WORKS, WORES AT LEWISTOWN, PA 220 S. 4th St., Philadelphia, Pa. BOOTH, GARRETT & BLAIR, ANALYTICAL AND CONSULTING CHEMISTS, 919 and 921 Chant St. (10th St., above Chestnut St.), Philadelphia, Pa. Established in 1836. Analysis of Ores, Waters, Metals and Alloys of all kinds. A special department for the ANALYSIS OF IRON AND STEEL, fitted with all the apparatus and appliances for the rapid and accurate aralysis of Iron, Stee), Iron Ores, Slags, Limestones, Coals, Clays, Fire Sands, &c. Agents for sampling ores in New York and Baltimore. Price lists on application. Nall-Making in Russia. Acting Consul-General Swann, at St. Petersburg, writes the State Department concerning the work and product of workers in Russia, The ‘‘ kustar” is a peasant who manufactures by hand in his own family shop. Of these laborers the nail-makers will interest our readers. The Consul- General says: ‘‘In the Government of Iver the labor of the smith assumes fair kustarian proportions. Thus, In 1881 there were 3047 smitheries, giving employment to 7733 kustars. In 1200 of these smitheries 4402 blacksmiths and 600 women are en- gaged in the industry of nail-making. Bit ter is the task of the nail-maker—one of the most laborious and thankless vocations in kustarian régime. The hours of labor have a weird association, for the workers do not sleep, as do others, at night; nor does this occupation grant long rests from its weary toil. Sleep and nourishment are snatched during a two-hours’ rest that intervenes be- tween the changes of four hours’ incessant work. Thus the day is divided into four changes. The origin of this strange custom I have not been able to learn. All of the kustars engaged in nail-making operations are haggard, ill-conditioned and most sickly looking, and more especially are such attrib- utes noticeable in the junior workers en- gaged in these occupat