The Iron Age 1885-10-08: Vol 36 Iss 15

LC. ND S: athe ther PS. —< TY. 3d be ators. Ul, ED. eect peed a ty, are amme! rs., s Wire. The Iron Age eeADING MATTER A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. AOVERTISEMENTS Published every Thursday Morning by Davin Writiams, No. 83 Reade Street, Vol. XXXVI: No. 15 rhe Relations Between Science and present day. Now, what have these suc | led to the inventions of Watt, while that of Industry. cessive disvoveries in science done for the | the mechanical equivalent of heat by Joule nation, in this single manufacture, by an|has been the basis of the progressive im- Sa se si the British | °COP°™Y of time? If before 1833 we had | provements in the steam engine which en- a a Fee ‘o.” ss pe at made the same demands for light that we| able power to be obtained by a consumption Association, _ i follows of | 2°¥ do, when we daily consume eight of fuel less than one-fourth the amount used the Aberdeen meeting, spoke as follows of | 1 +41 Dg «. lati i ; It > be Shes th a eset ‘lations between science and industry : | ™ es per head of the population, the | 20 years ago. may be that the eng*:es 0 the relaviom tinder-box could have supplied the demand | Watt and Stephenson will yield in their turn I we examine the order of progress } , ; When prog to more economical motors; still they have . ; under the m onditi in the arts, even before they are illumined Seances of cacameinct os ee Tahe already expanded the wealth, resources and by science, their improvements seem to be q . y ex} , res : ultante of three conditions : lucifer match supplies a light in 15 seconds! even the territories of England more than the res : ;. The substitution of natural forces for brute animal power, as when Hercules used the waters of the Alpheus to cleanse the Augean stables, or when a Kamchadal of Eastern Asia, who has been three years hol lowing out a canoe, finds that he can do it in a few hours by fire. ». The economy of time, as when a caien dering machine produces the same gloss to miles of calico that an African savage gives to a few inches by rubbing it with the shell of a snail; or the economy of production, as when steel pens, sold when first introduced at 1 shilling apiece, are now sold at 1 penny per dozen ; or when steel rails, lately costing £45 per ton, can now be sold at £5. ; Methods of utilizing waste products, or of endowing them with properties which render them of increased value to industry, as when waste scrap iron and the galls on the oak are converted into ink ; or the badly- smelling waste of gas works is transformed into fragrant essences, brilliant dyes and fertilizing manure ; or when the effete mat- ter of animals or old bones is changed into lucifer matches. All three results are often combined when asingle end is obtained—at all events, econ- omy of time and production invariably fol- lows when natural forces substitute brute animal force. In industrial progress the sweat of the brow is lessened by the conceptions of the brain. How exult- ant is the old Greek poet, Antipater (‘Analecta Veterum Greecorum,” Epig 3, vol. ii., p. I19), when women are relieved of the drudgery of turning the grindstones for the daily supply of corn! “Women, you who have hitherto had to grind corn, let your arms rest for the future. tis no longer for you that the birds an- nounce by their songs the dawn of the morn- ing. Ceres has ordered the water nymphs to move the heavy millstones and perform your labor.’ Penelope had 12 slaves to grind corn for her small household. During the most prosperous time of Athens it was esti- mated that there were 2v slaves to each free citizen, Slaves are mere machines, and ma- chines neither invent nor discover. The bondmen of the Jews, the helots of Sparta, the captive slaves of Rome, the serfs of Eu- rope, and uneducated laborers of the present day, who are the slaves of ignorance, have added nothing to human progress. But as natural forces substitute and become cheaper than slave labor, liberty follows advancing civilization. Machines require educated su- perintendence. One shoe factory in Boston by its machines does the work of 30,000 shoe- makers in Paris, who have still to go through the weary drudgery of mechanical labor. The steam-power of the world during the last 20 years has risen from 11,- $00,000 to 29,000,000 horse-power, or 125 percent. Let me take a single example of how even a petty manufacture improved by the teachings of science affects the comforts and enlarges the resources of mankind. When I was a boy the only way of obtain- ng a light was by the tinder-box, with its quadruple materials, flint and steel, burned rags or tinder, and a sulphur match. If tverything went well, if the box could be found and the air was dry, a light could be obtained in two minutes ; but very often the ume occupied was much longer, and the pro- cess became a great trial to the serenity of ‘emper. The consequence of this was that Sire or a burning lamp was kept alight through the day. Old Gerard, in bis herbal, “lls us how certain fungi were used to ‘arry fire from one part of the country to ‘Ye other, The tinder-box long held its posi- ton as a great discovery in the arts. The "yridicula igniaria of the Romans appears % have been much the same implement, ‘ough a little ruder than the flint and steel “dich Philip the Good put into the collar of ‘2¢ Golden Fleece in 1429 as the representa- “on of high knowledge in the progress of the arts, It continued to prevail “1533, when phosphorus matches were ‘troduced, though I have been amused “ ind that there are a few venerable an- ents in London who still stick to the tinder- “x, and for whom a few shops keep a small fee 'y. Phosphorus was no new discovery, ‘or it had been obtained by an Arabian ‘alled Bechel in the eighth century. How- *ver, it was forgotten, and was rediscovered *y Brandt, who made it out of very stinking materials in 1669. Other discoveries had, » ever, to be made before it could be used ," lucifer matches. The science of com- ation was only developed on the discovery sl, Sen @ century later. Time had to ee before chemical analysis showed the = of bodies which could be added to Posphorus so as to make it ignite readily. was not till 1833 that matches ® partial success. Intolerably they then were, dangerously inflam- ®, horribly poisonous to the makers, injurious to the lungs of the -umers. It required another discovery aes chrétter in 1845 to change poisonous in pe into innocuous red-brick phosphorus 7 Ger that these defects might be reme- » 8nd to give us the safety match of the Fig 1.—Standard Dervick. Fig. 2.—Perspective View of Conveying Plant. all the battles fought by her soldiers or all the treaties negotiated by her diplomatists. The coal which has hitherto been the chief source of power probably represents the product of 5,000,000 or 6,000,000 years dur- ing which the sun shone upon the plants of the carboniferous period, and stored up its energy in this convenient form. But we are using this conserved force wastefully and prodigally, for, although horse-power in steam engines has so largely increased since 1864, two men only now produce what three men did at that date. It is only 300 years since we became a manufacturing country. According to Pro- fessor Dewar, in less than 200 years more the coal of this country will be wholly ex- hausted, and in half that time will be difficult on each occasion, or in two minutes for the whole day. Putting these differences into a year, the venerable ancient who still sticks to his tinder-box would require to spend 90 hours yearly in the production of light, while the user of lucifer matches spends 12 hours ; so that the latter has an economy of 78 hours yearly, or about 10 working days. Measured by cost of production at 1/6 daily, the economy of time represented in money to our population is £26,000,000 annually. This is a curious instance of the manner in which science leads to economy of time and wealth even in a small manufacture, In larger industries the economy of time and labor produced by the application of scien- tific discoveries is beyond all measurement. Thus the discovery of latent heat by Black be ame bad Mab] and Consumers, by New York. Entered at New Y ovk, T, hursday, October 8, 7 885. COAL-HANDLING MACHINERY, BUILT BY THE STANDARD DERRICK AND CONVEYOR CO., CLEVELAND, OHIO. the Post Office, New York, as to procure. Our not very distant descendants will have to face the problem, What will be the condition of England without coal? The answer to that question depénds upon the intellectual development of the nation at that time. The value of the intellectual factor of production is continually increas- ing, while the values of raw material and fuel are lessening factors. It may be that when the dreaded time of exhausted fuel has arrived its importation from other coal- ~ ee eww wesw wn nl v , = U ‘ © 4 tha gh fields, such as those of New South Wales, | will be so easy and cheap that the increased | technical education of our operatives may | largely overbalance the disadvantages of | increased cost in fuel. But this supposes that future Governments in England will | have more enlightened views as to the value of science than past Governments have | | ing and rotating gear has 216 Second-Class Matter, $2.50 a Lear, Including Postage. Single Copies, Zen Cents. interferes in its up-bringing, so as to insure it being a capable citizen. The processes of mind which produce a discovery or an in , vention are rarely associated in the same | person, for, while the discoverer seeks to explain causes and the relations of phenom ena, the inventor aims at producing new | effects, or at least of obtaining them in a |novel and efficient way. In this the in- | ventor may sometimes succeed without much | knowledge of science, though his labors are infinitely more productive when he under stands the causes of the effects which he desires to produce. Science has in the last 100 years altered altogether the old conditions of industrial | competition. She has taught the rigid met- als to convey and record our thoughts even to the most distant lands, and, within less | limits, to reproduce our speech. This mar- velous application of electricity has dimin- ished the cares and responsibilities of Gov- | ernments, while it has at the same time al- tered the whole practice of commerce. To England steam and electricity have been of incalculable advantage. The ocean, which | once made the country insular and isolated, is now the very life-blood of England and of the greater England beyond the seas. As in the human body the blood bathes all its parts, and through its traveling corpuscles carries force to all its members, so in the body politic of England and its pelagic ex- tensions steam has become the circulatory and electricity the nervous system. The col- | Onies, being young countries, value their raw materials as their chief sources of wealth. When they become older they will discover it is not in these, but in the culture of scientific intellect, that their future prosper- ity depends. Older nations recognize this as the law of progress more than we do; or, as | Jules Simon tersely puts it, ‘‘That nation which most educates her people will become the greatest nation, if not to-day, certainly to-morrow.”’ Higher education is the con- dition of higher prosperity, and the nation which neglects to develop the intellectual factor of production must degenerate, for it cannot stand still. If we felt compelled to adopt the test of science given by Comte, | that its value must be measured by fecundity, it might be prudent to claim industrial in- ventions as the immediate fruit of the tree of | science, though the only fruit which the pro- lific tree has shed. But the test is untrue in the sense indicated, or rather the fruit, according to the simile of Bacon, is like the golden apples which Aphrodite gave to the suitor of Atalanta, who lagged in his course by stooping to pick them up, and so lost the race. The true cultivators of the tree of science must seek their own reward by see- ing it flourish, and let others devote their attention to the possible practical advan- tages which may result from their labors. rr Coal-Handling Machinery. In view of the comparatively meager character of published particulars of coal- handling machinery, contributions to the lit- erature of this subject cannot fail to prove welcome and to embrace points of special and general interest. Mr. A. N. Simmerly’s hoisting and conveying plant, of which we present engravings in this issue, will accord- ingly, no doubt, be examined with attention, embodying, moreover, several novel features well worth considering. Figs. 1 and 2 of our illustrations show the derrick, buckets and cars in perspective, a special feature of the derrick being that the engine and hoisting machinery are firmly bolted to a solid iron bed plate, insuring against any racking or getting out of line. Being inde- pendent of the carriage, moreover, any diffi- culty which might result from settling of the dock is readily overcome. The hoist- square of friction surface, which, with the combined clutch and brake band, insures safety in operating. The con- struction of the buckets will be understood from Figs. 3 and 4, the former being an end elevation and the latter a side elevation, with part broken away so as to show the in- ternal arrangement. The bucket is made of sheet metal and has a bottom inclining in opposite directions from a central line. Hinged doors are arranged upon opposite sides, the hinges being uppermost, and from each door curved links extend inward past each other, and are secured to cross-bars upon a rock shaft in such a manner that the points of connection, when the doors are inches | closed, are in a position past the center of motion of the rock-shaft. This position firmly locks the doors in place and avoids the necessity of any securing devices what lever, while the greater the pressure upon the doors the more firmly will they be locked, until a lever is operated to force the pivots upon the uvther side of the center, when the pressure upon the doors will open them. The arrangement is very clearly shown in Fig. 3. A considerable percentage of loss is sustained in handling coal or ore, due to the breaking up of the material. This loss, where turning buckets are used, has been estimated at 18 per cent., and is due to the possessed. Industrial applications are but the overflowings of science welling over from the fullness of its measure. Few would ask now, as was constantly done a few years ago, ‘‘ What is the use of an abstract dis- covery inscience!” Faraday once answered this question by another, ‘‘ What is the use of ababyi” Yet around that baby center all the hopes and sentiments of its parents, and even the interests of the State, which fact that the necessary room for turning the bucket gives more or less fall to the contents —say 6or 7 feet. In Mr. Simmerly’s con- struction the bucket may be lowered as far as desired, and by the proper manipulation of the lever the contents may be easily de- posited without any appreciable damage. After the contents have been dropped the (Concluded on page 7+): rn : eo v vi nie 9 T ANSONIA BRASS AND COPPER CoO., MANUFACTURERS OF —.e — 7) & PURE COPPER WIRE, | asada For Electrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. O’NEILS’S ow Waterbury Brass Co, Seamless Brass and Copper Tubing, Sheets, Bolts, Rods, Wire, O'Neils's Patent Nickel- Plated Copper, &c., ESTABLISHED 1845. Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, German Silver, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire, Brass and Copper Tubing, Copper Rivets and Burs, Brass Kettles, Door Rail, Brass Tags, Per- cussion Caps, Powder Flasks, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Meas- ures, &c., and small Brass Wares of every description. Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. Sole Agents for the CAPEWELL MFG. CO.’S Line of Sporting Goods. WwW. E. DODGE, Pres’t. G. P. COWLES, V.-P. and Treas. AJA. COWLES, Secretary. Ansonia Refined Inge t Copper, Anchor Brand ; LAKE INGOT COPPER. —_——— 19 & 21 CHM Street, NEW YORK. PHELPS, DODGE & CO., IMPORTERS OF DEPOTS : MILLS AT 296 Broadway, New York. WATERBURY, I [ N P i A I E 125 Eddy St., Providence R. 1. CONN. THE Roofing Pate, Sheet Irom corm" New Haven Copper Co Pig Tin, Wire, Zinc, &c. | senistiniidlaaeitiaass ities SOLE MAKERS OF copper=rbrass. POLISHED COPPER Under Patent of T. James, Sept. 12, 1876. ALSO MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN BRAZIERS’ & SHEATHING COPPER Kettles, Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, &c. ALSO MANUFACTURERS OF Cast Steel Augers and Bits of Superior Quality. CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. (Established 1802.) SCOVILL MFG. COMPANY WATERBURY, - CONN., Manufacturers of BRASS.—Sheet Brass, Brass Wire, Brass Tubing. Sheet German Silver, German Silver OE Vik. i Wire, German Silver Tubing. ®ETnens. }*"” stop Spring abd Piahoverte. | 294 Pearl St., NEW YORK. ) Military, Naval, Livery, Society, Rail- ——__—_—_— ieniiininsinnatitlaeamaaiaatinal BUTTONS. ; road, School. can DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN 5 C0., LAMoDS. ; aes “nas erosene Lamps. oT Camera Boxes, Printing Fra: IMPORTERS OF GHA P iirc} ro fii _Stistals Paver, Gitte. e0.1 T)y PLATE, PIG TIN, SHEET IRON, ot a= COPPER, WIRE, ZINC, ETC., DEPOTS: 473 Broome Street, New York 29 and 31 Cliff St., cor. Fulton, 177 Devonshire Street, Boston. 183 Lake Street, Chicago. | DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool NEW YORK. SB IRON = ROOFING SIDING, CEILING, ARCHE S42" LATH. oCINCINNAT,, CORRUGATING CO. 4+ CINCINNATI, O. + , _ SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. ~. THE SAMSON is the Best, the Simple and most Portab. WIR STRETCHER in the Market. Line of Draft direct; always Self-Adjust ing; Rigid Double Handle; Double Paw! ; it works at either end of the fence, at either side of the post and either side up. LIGHT, PORTABLE, SIMPLE, SURE. For sale by all leading wholesale Jobbing Hardware Houses and Barb Wire men ip the United States. MANUFACTURED ONLY BY SAMSON NOVELTY WORKS Nos. 14 & 16 Main St., De Kalb, Ills. AND IN CANADA BY BULLOCK HARDWARE OCO., Otterville, Ontario. 98 Reade Street, lowa Barb Wire Co., eRe To 8’, bh ke) Send for Price List showing our liberal Dis. counts to the Wholesale Trade. New York. H. 8. CHASE, Sec'y & Treas. EBSTABLISHED 18317. INOORBPORATED 1876, Waterbury Mfg. Co., WATERBURY, CONN.,, Brass Goods THE WIRE GOODS CO.., Worcester. Mass. Bright Wire Goods, Mill Wire Goods, Belt Hooks, Double-Pointed Tacks and Staples, Wire Picture Cord, Clothes Line Wire, Hand Rail Screws, &c.,&c. Wires cut, bent, milled, straightened and made to any desired shape. Orders solicited from the Trade for the full hne of Screw Eyes, &c., known as Hardware Wire Goods. Quality guaranteed the best in the market. Special articles made to order. THE WIRE COODS CO., Worcester, Mass. A W. PARMELEE, Pres't. October 8, 1885 HE IRON AGE. CHAS. F. WASHBURN, Vice-President and Secretary © DliME e ATwnnn Mer (tq | Pee two N, President and Treasurer. eee ee MES. WASHBURN & MOEN MANUF'G Co, WORCESTER, MASs. Established 1831. Sheet and Roll Brass WIRE, GERMAN SILVER AND GILDING METAL, COPPER RIVETS AND BURRS, COPPER ELECTRICAL WIRE, Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kerosene Burners, Lamp Trimmings, §c. 18 MURRAY ST., NEW YORK, 71 PEARL ST., BOSTON, 115 LAKE ST., CHICAGO. Bae MANUFACTURERS OF IRON and STEEL WIRE, Patent Steel Barb Fencing, Patent Steel Wire Bale Ties. Rolling Mill, | Factories, THOMASTON, CONN. | WATERBURY, CONN. BRIDGEPORT BRASS CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Sheet and Roll Brass, BRASS AND COPPER WIRE AND TUBING, SEAMLESS AND BRAZED TUBING, COPPER AND IRON RIVETS, WIRE KODS of all Grades ; Round Lron, Rivet quality, 3-16 in. to 4g in., cut to any length. Owners and ¢ clusive Sprsesene of the PATENT CONTINUOUS ROLLING “I (LL, producing Iron and Steel WI in coils of roo pounds, without SEAM or WELD. Patent Galvanized Telegraph Wire, Market and s\0) Wire, Annealed Fence and Grape Wire in long lengths ; Coppered Pail-Bail Wire; Rope, Bridge, Bolt, Screw Rivet, Buckle and Chain Wire. Wire for the manufacture of Card Clothing, Heddles, Reeds, &c. Piano-striyg Covering Wire, Tinned Broom Wire and Tinned-plated Wire of all sizes. A specialty is made of Clock, Mac hj), ery, Gun Screw and Spiral! Spring Wire, and Refined Wire to Pattern for particular purposes, from sel stamps of Norway Iron. Any grade of Wire furnished, Annealed, Bright, Polished, Coppered, Galvanized Tin Plated. Wire furnished, Straightened and Cut to any length. Steel Crineline Wire, Patent |); flaish. Unrivaled Steel Music Wire. Steel Wire for Springs, Needles and Drills. Market Stee! Wj,, kept in stock, all sizes. " : -. 16 Chg .941 P : , > rape.) New York, Cliff and * earl Sts. WAREHOUSES : | Chicago, 107 and 109 Lake St. Oilers and Cuspadores, Lanterns and Trimmings, Clocks and Fly Fan Movements, Lamps and Trimmings, Kerosene Burners, Plumbers’ Materials. ton, Goal and Copper Mines SUPPLIED WITH Particular attention paid to cutting out Blanks and manufacturing Metal Goods. MANUFACTORY, WAREHOUSE, Bridgeport, Conn. | 19 Murray St., N. ¥. Holmes, Booth & Haydens, WATERBURY CONN. NEW YORK, BOSTON 25 Park Place. 22 Murray St. Manufacturers of all kinds of Brass, Copper & German Silver, ROLLED AND IN SHEETS. Brass and Copper Wire, Tubing, Copper Rivets and Burs. BRASS AND IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. GERMAN SILVER Spoons, SILVER- 18 Federal St WIRE CLOTH OF ALL KINDS HOWARD & MORSE, 45 FULTON STREET, NEW YORK. ABRAM 8. HEWITT, Pres., WM. HEWITT, Vice-Pres., JAMESHALL, Treas,, E. HANSON, Se Ta TRENTON IRON CcoO., MANUFACTURERS OF IRON AND STEEL WIRE. PLATED FORKS AND SPOONS, KEROSENE BuRNERS, XC. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, AGENTS FOR Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co., Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, Antimony, Solder & Old Metals, 100 John Street, New York. PASSAIC ZING CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Pure Spelter FOR Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes AND ALL FINE WORK, Also for GALVANIZERS AND BRASS FOUNDERS. MANNING & SQUIER, Gen'l Agents, 111 LIBERTY ST. (2d Floor), NEW YORK. GEO, W. PRENTISS & CO,, HOLYOKE, MASS, IRON iZ —— Plans and Estimates for Suspension Bridges Furnished on Application. Works and Office, TRENTON, NEW JERSEY. New York Office, COOPER, HEWITT 4 CO., 17 Burling Sli Office, 21 N. Fourth St. > = Mines heivuhoae 7” WIRE\ROPE HAZARD MFG CO rumion: 87 Liberty St., New York. wikesbarre, Pa Broderick & Bascom Rope Go. WIRE ROPE Bright, Coppered, Annealed and Tin Plated. Also GUN SCREW WIRE Of all sizes, straightened and cut to order. BRODERICK& BASCOM ROPE Co. WIRE ROPE, 704 & 706 N. Main St., - - - St. Louis, Mo. A. LESCHEN c& SONS, Manufacturers of + WIRE ROPE Correspondence invite Tarred Lathyarn, Manila Rope. *SOUIM] ‘Buryoeg dwoy — 903 and 905 N. MAIN STREET, ST. LOUIS, MO. Ww. S&S. BSE: WIRE CLOTHS #2 Iren and Steel Lecometive Spark Wire Cleth. Riddles fer Bxapet and Foundry use. ©°* and Sand Screens. [ron Bolting Cloth. Wire Werk of every description =. No. Fi. FULTON ST ., - NEW Wor BEECHER & PECK, MANUFACTURERS OF DROP PRESSES, DROP FORGINGS, &c., NEW HAVEN, CONN. , “2, FRICTION (8 Pound COOK’s Fiv No, 2¢ quired lwronz F« BIRMI, BIH PAT Ro Ss ss ion, h St. flo. as = @ 3 = 2 Q =. os ted October 8, 1885. TH BE IR O N AG Bis ———— OS O.LINDEMANNE C0.) COA ERY & NAOEN, MANUFACTURERS “Manufacturers of aanned, Brass, Tin Plated and Wood BIRD CAGES. Original inventors and patentees of Bright Metal Cages constructed without solder 254 Pear! St., NEW YORK. ee ———————— Market steel Wire, Cris oline Wire, Tempered and Covered. Also PATENT TEMPERED STEEL FURNITURE SPRINGS, constantly on hand. , 284, 286 and 238 West 29th Street, NEW YORK, SIISSSSSSSISI A VEC EEC LLLLLLELELL ELLA LLL (eee ar TOD OLE REL LLL RTA @ STUDS, PINS, SCREWS, &c. For Manufacturers of Light Hardware. The illustration below shows a sample of GAUTIER TOE CALK STEEL, with one end Successors To W. S. TYLER, bent over and flattened down cold, and a MANUFACTURERS OF . . , TEEL WIRE CLOTH piece of iron solidly welded to the Steel with 5 the use of sand only, and the other end ham- Of Every Description, tor mining purposes. All meshes from 2 to the mered to an edge and then hardened suffi- inch up to rco-mesh made and carried in stock. W.S. TYLER, Pres. E. H. ALLEN, Sec. & Treas. CLeVELAND. OHIO. ! | A Hit iH} PARA i WQS ia ciently to cut glass. Similar samples can be yA IT] 2 . made by any blacksmith from this GAUTIER 0 2 TOE CALK STEEL. All sizes carried in stock. x: > GAUTIER ,STEEL DEPARTMENT ” az of CAMBRIA IRON CO., E , Zz Johnstown, Pa., 0 m : 4 New York Office, Chicago Office, Philadelphia Office, 104 READE ST. 202 First Nat. Bank Building. 523 ARCH ST. [No. 130.] Patent applied for. rhis grinder has a s-in. Emery and Corundum Wheel. is easly to required speed, viz. 4700; is light, weigh- «but 6 Tbe.; small, cecupy but little room ; can ised wet or dry ; is weil made, the fraine and wheel harcoal iron with a hard-rubber friction pulley h can instantly be adjusted to any required ten- spindle, steel, and is just the article for grind- house and shop tools of every description. For s address Estab’d 18:18. Incorp’d 1874. THE Gilbert & Bennett Mfg. Co WAREHOUSES: 42 CLIFF S?., NEW YORK, 228 LAKE ST., CHICAGO, ILLS., MANUFACTURERS OF s lron & Galvanized Wire Sleves and Wire Cloth. = * = B Saeed Power Loom Painted and Galvan ! Bh : y sit eh ae ized Window Screen Wire Cloth ds os “=e &—=_4 Galvanized Wire Cloth for Drying 2 . > ; = Mies ‘ a | Fruits, Warld’s Galvanized W THE K. & W. MFG. CO., Chillicothe, O. Chicago Office, 209 State Street. Zs et Se A CWire Fence, Galvanized Twist Wire Poultry Netting. (HARDMAN PATENT.) Factories, Georgetown, Conn. oe aires tor Mag Nee | NIEN-TSI CHINESE LACQUER, quired Length. Manufactured by ALBERT ASSMAN & SONS. A BRUSH OR DIP LACQUER. Will prevent Iron, Steel, Brass, Nickel, Copper, Silver, Bronze and a) Thorong dia successful operation, } compositions from corroding ; also resists dampness, Kerosene Oil and Fly Specks. ugly Gates end ta pases - Can be applied without heating Metal. Bronze Powders will Mix Readily with this Lacquer. For prion and particulary addres Sole Agents, H. S. ALLEN & CO., BIRMINGHAM IRON FOUNDRY, Sample and Prices sent on application. 112 JOHN STREET, NEW YORK. BIRMINGHA™, CONN. GEO. B. TURRELL, Pres., 75 Chambers St., New York. DUNCAN K. MAJOR, Treas., Torrington, Conn. PATENT OFFICE. NiON HARDWARE COMPANY, ) > ae ESTABLISHED 1864. Torrington, Conn, U. 8. A. Roeder & Briesen, =e & ’ HIS CUT ILLUSTRATES S2 and 84 Nassau St., OUR LATEST STYLE NEW YORK. CLUB SKATES = For Rink and Private Use, L i ei ’ 83, Polished Nickeled, American and Foreign BOTH FOR LADEN Alp Per Pair, $6.50. p A E N SS Manufacturers of Ice and Roller Skates and Specialties in Hardware. Wood Turners, and Electro-platers | I in Gold, Silver, Nickel and Brass. The advantage being that they will fit any style of hee whether large or small, without the use of straps. i») 82, Frosted Nickeled, Per Pair, $5.50. -TLORENGE"| [ues PAW GILL JOU TANEEL ZEORENGS. LANE'S PATENT STEEL DOOR HANGER. * PRICE, $1.50 The most perfect Anti-Friction Hanger in the Market, wil fd a quart oo Geter omiehet BECAUSE than kindling can be found to gen- : fa It is made of steel throughout, except the wheel which has a oa ~ oe a* "o> nes pa p} a steel axle. It will not break, ay practically tree from weer. It C 5 a" 8 ost no seless in action. requires no o as a br on aera d $1. ie — . bearing on the door, and keeps in lise, It is by far the most “ r| inal durable, It may be used with any track. It is always in order. LANE’S PATENT TRACK Is made of steel and 1s easily putin position. Catches and holds no snow orice. Door hung thereon cannot jump the track. Is not subject to decay. Requires no fitting, but is ready at once. May be used with hangers of other manufacture. “Manufactured by LANE BROS.,, Pousitcensic, x. ¥. Flonenen JOHN H. GRAHAM & CO., General Agents, 113 Chambers Street, NEW YORK. HEATING STOVE ee na DIEBEL MANUFACTURING CO. + have ace ane N. E. Cor. 84 and Cumberland Sts., PHILADELPHIA, PA., > renlare, ete. to MANUFACTURERS OF THE one CHALLENGE EMERY GRINDERS, POLISHING MACHINES, COUNTER SHAITS, HANGERS, &e. Contractors and Builders of Light Machinery and Hardware Specialties. »2 JORGAN SPRI BLAKE & JOHNSON, Watersury, Conn. THE FRED, J. MEYERS MFC. CO, Wrought-Iron Fencing, Cresting, Can Openers, Mincing Knives and Hardware Specialties. Send for Illustrated Catalogue and Price List. QT aed ee ae Se ee Se LUDLOW-SAYLOR WIRE 6C0., sT. TroeUIsS, MO. fn Sad AXXKKD BEY Nn aA SSR Oe SSSA KY BS SESS waa Sa a A tn WIRE, WIRE CLOTH, WIRE ROPE, Counter Railings, Window Guards, Iron and Wire Fences, Plain and Barbed Fencing Wire. NATIONAL WIRE »° IRON CO, DETROIT, MIcCEt., DRAWERS of Fine Brass and Copper Wire. BRASS and COPPER CLOTHS. BARB WIRE “carmen. NO DANGER OF CUT- TING HANDS OR TEAR- ING CLOTHES, SAVES THE PRICE OF THE LIFTER MANY TIMES EVERY DAY. Manufactured Solely by [PaTENTED.] Hawkeye Steel Barb Fence Co., Burlington, lowa. Our Agents, John H. Graham & Co., 113 Chambers St., carry stock of our Lifters and will supply at Factory prices. The above cut represents Preston’s Patent Braided Cable Wire Fence Rail, manufactured by the HOLLOW CABLE MFG. CO., Hornelisville, N. ¥. We also manufacture extensively four different sizes Wire Clothes Lines. Send for Circulars and Price Lists, Cc. 8. CHAMBERLAIN, 55 Dearborn 8St., Chicago, Ill. THE BILLINGS - & SPENCER Co. HARTFORD: <2 Baty MANUFACTURERS CF a" SCREW PLATES AND DIES MADE IN 5 > SIZES CUTTING THREADS FROM ' OF AN INCH lene TO 2 INCHES V 8 THREAD. ALSO U.S. STANDARD AND = WHITWORTH THREAD DROP FORGED - OF BAR STEEL. WICKWIRE BROTHERS, CORTLAND, N. Y., MANUFACTURERS OF WIRE CLOTH AND WIRE Goons, Dish Covers, Corn Poppers, **CORTLAND” INDOW SCREE N WIRE CLOTH. Coal Sieves, Flour Sieves, Etc., Ete. TEE ATILANTA ENGINEERING CO., Engineers and Contractors for Steam Machinery. itlanta, Ga. 2 seas. a | “vr A OGDEN & WALLACE, 85, 87, 89 & 91 Elm St., New York. Iron = Steel Of every deoertetie mn kept in stock Agents for Park, Brother & Co.'s BLACK DIAMOND STEEL. All sizes of Cast and Machinery Steel con stan.ly ov hand, (ESTABLISHED 17 IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN IRON and STEEI a GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 25, 26 & 27 West Street, NEW YORK. ABEEL BROS. IRON MERCHANTS, 190 SOUTH 87., ‘ 365 WATER #T, | NEW YORK. “ALR. M00." SHAFTING. ALSO GENERAL ASSORTMEN1 OF “NORWAY,” “ULSTER,” “CATASAUQUA,” REFINED AND COMMON IRON, BAND, HOOP AND SCROLL IRON. ' STEFL OF ALL KINDS, TELEPHONE Bayar oS “MAssA0, U, 379." A. R. WHITNEY & CO,, MANUFAOTURERS OF AND DEALERS lron and Steel - AGENCIES: PORTAGE TRON CO., Limited, Merchant tron and Soft Steel. NORW AY STEEL & IRON CO., Homogeneous teel Plates BAY STATE IRON CO., Tank. Boiler and Girder BRANDYWINE ROLLING MILL. Boiler Plates. OTE TUBE WORKS. Boiler Flues. M. BYE & CO.. Wrought Iron Pipe. CARK EGle a & CO., Limited, Iron and ee] Beam 8, ‘hannels, Shapes and Bhafting &. ©. SAIL © *S Steel Wire Nails. THE CHESTER PIPE AND TUBE CO. Plans and estimates furnished and contracts made for erecting Lron Structures of every descrip- tion, Books containing cuts of al] iron made sent on application 0, mail, Sample pieces at office. Please address 68 Hi 68 Hudson St. _New York. York. & Love, — BorDEN Commission Merchanis, 70 & 71 West St., CAGREENE, EW Y C, A. EEN, > aaamae © > CREF N ORK, AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF Fall River lron Co.'s Nails, Bands, October 8, 1885, Ld, I JAMES P. WITHEROW, = ie Engineer & Contractor, Lewis Block, PITTSBURGH, Pa. P GENERAL AGENT FOR WHITWELL FIRE-BRICK STOVES THE IRON AGE. \Marshall Lefferts & 60..'0 XFORD >T)/W. D. WOOD & CO.. 90 Beekman = +, New York City, PrTtee Une PA.. IRON AND NAIL CO., Galvanized Sheet Iron, Cut Nails SPIKES. i Galvanized Wire, Telegraph and Fence ; Galvanized Hoop and Band Iron. Gu lvanized Rod and Bar Iron, — d Nails, Galvanized Chain, Galvanized Iron pe ee ae SHEET IRON — ~ For Roofing, &c,, Galvanized, Plain or Painted. J. 8. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, = =) ae Charcoal, Best Refined and Common 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, MANUFACTURERS OF PATENT CLAPP-GRIFFITHS PATENTS FOR MANUFACTU! : OF SOFT STEEL Planished Sheet Lron. : ~ specially adapted for A No.1 Boiler | | SHEET IRON. NEW YORK. | D a SFL -ATE AND Tank Iron, | ma ae a > t, O.H. rs .1 Flange, Best Fiange. JOHN J. HARRISON sst Flange Fire Box, Circie (Suecessor to HARRISON & GILLOON), ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF IRON AND METAL DEALER, TRON WORK GALVANIZED OR TINNED TO ORDER. | 558, s60, s62 WATER ST ea 306 CHERRY ST. Patented April 8th, 1872 ; Sept. oth, 1873 ; pe. 6th. 1874; Jan. 11, 1876; Oct. 17th, 1876; Jan. rrth, 1877 : Feb. 6th, ei! Dec. = a Boiler Rivets, Wire Rods, Stay Bolt Stamping Ware, Nail Plates, dc Guaranteed full Lin all respects to th: rs a een . Will contract to completely erect, eyyi, Hf | Price » list and quotations sent upon Samora has on hanc d, and offers for sale, the following : - Scotch and American Iron, Wrought, Cast an “ET Tée¢ y . — " : i a ae a ES gt i eas IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, | and place in operation Blast Furnace Whit w rou ht [ron ; wx old Copper. Composition, Brass, FOX & DRUMMOND, |=" BURDEN’'S and at a less price. well Stoves and Steel Plants as abov: ALSO I manufacture at our own works everything 21 Common, Refined Charcoal and Jumata GRADES OF Works construction, can guarantee pr BLACK SHEET IRON, ness and satisfaction. appertaining to Blast Furnace and s Cast lron Gas and Water Pipe, 2 to 48 Inches Diameter, 160 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. HORSE SHOES eee — ry JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO, .| syracuse |WHEELING NAILS, Be | SCOTCH AND AMERICAN dasa MALLEABLE IRON Laughlin Nail Co., WwoREs, Wro ve. EROS, SOLE ACENT, Mower and Reaper Castings and | 97 Chambers Street, New York. ‘ Carriage Irons a Specialty. Manhattan Rolling Mill W. B. BURNS, Proprietor. J. LEONARD. i PENNSYLVANIA IRON WORKS | #43 ‘2 451 Vest St» NEW YORK Everson, Hammond & Orr, Ltd., ' PIG IRON, | No. 63 Wall Bt. New York ‘DANIEL F. COONEY, SS Washington St., New York, IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATES | Boiler Rivets. GLASGOW IRON CO PINE TRON WORKS. _ ALLISON BOILER FL US. qnaitee ** THE BURDEN IROK C0. TROY, N. Y. SYRACUSE, - N.Y. “Burden Best” Iron B. F. JUDSON, Importer of and Dealer in SCOTCH AND AMERICAN Pig iron, MANUFACTURER OF SECOND AVE., PiTTspuRGH, PA.,;, HORSE SHOE IRO N, ne re ae Toe Calk Steel, Rods, Ovals, Half Ovals and Flas Light Sheet Iron. |KeystoNe ROLLING MILL, Limited ee ee ROOFING SHEET Map WROUGHT & CAST SCRAP IRON, U L S T E R es oars ee ufactarers of NEV OLD METALS. Prioes quoted promptly upon application | I JES, CD INT, -* apiece aad idaeimenenl ten 333 & 338 Sout St:t NEW YORK. BURDEN’S CORRUGATED AND CRIMPED IRON ROOFING & SIDING, Pittsburgh, Pa. THE ———_ i. MOSS I Bonnell, Botsford & Co., is Also Best Grades of American & English Refined Iron. Planters’ Hoe Handle H. B. & $. Bar Iron. IN STOCK. Hoops and Rods, Borden Mining Company's CUMBERLAND COALS. IMPORTED & AMERICAN PIG IRON. LAKE SUPERIOR CHARCOAL IRON, For Malleabie and Car-Wheel Purposes, A SPECIALTY. | CHARLES HIMROD & CO., ___ CHICAGO . AND DETROIT. WM. McFARLAND, lron and Brass Founder, TRENTON, N. J. Chilled Cast Wire Dies a Specialty. Any size or style made at short notice, ROEBUCK’S PATENT Woon art? RUBBER >" STRIPS. S. ROEBUCK, Sole Manufacturer, 1M Fulton Street, NEW YORK. PASSAIC ROLLING MILL CO. Manufacture and have always in stock ROLLED IR Channels, Angles, Tees, Merchant Bars, Riveted Work, Forgings, E PATERSON, N. J. Room 45, Astor House, New York. CUT NAILS. Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &c. DOVER IR BOILER Boiler Brace Jaws, FULLER BROTHERS & CO,, iauinecbiiwens 1389 Greenwich Str IRON, NAILS AND SPIKES YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. JOHN CALDWELL, Treas. 'T. W. WELSH, Sup. W. W. CARD, Secy. Iron Buildings Room, Shutte Doo: Cornices, Skylights. Bridges’ &c. MOSELEY IRON BRIDGE AND ROOF CO., 5 Dey Street, NEW YORK. | All sizes and shapes in stock. EGLESTON BROS, & CO., 466 South St} NEW YORK CITY. WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., Iron Merchants, JOHN BROWER, 8i Murray Street. CHas.f/ LOMBARD ; bac /-$ ae | GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, Jz., Prest H. H. WESTINGHOUSE, Gen’! Agt. TT = BE Westinghouse Air-Brake Co {— NA ee = AA/LR Reh Cor, ALBANY & WASHINGTON $'S., Ome, Ne alee eA de 0 PITTSBURGH, PA. LP at a 00) WESTINGHOUSE AUTOMATIC BRAKE, Westinghouse Locomotive Driver Brake, Vacuum Brakes (Westinghouse & Smith Patents). WESTINGHOUSE FREIGHT BRAKE. N. The Automatic Freight Brake is essentially the same apparatus as the Automatic Brake for are 80 combined as to form practically one piece o! Wm. H. Wallace. Wm. Bispham. E. C. Wallace Howard, Childs & Co., Commission Merchants, No. 514 Smithfield St., Pittsburgh, Pa. /ron and Steel of all Descriptions, passe’ r cars, except that the various parts Iron and Steel Nails, Heavy Hardware, Se kation. on is ata low The saving in accidents, flat wheels, brakemen's wag | aod the arene speed possi with perfect safety, will repay the cost of its application wi thi iD B LA Coal Hods, Dripping Pans, &c. . he cearaeanean The © Automatic ” has proved itself to be the most efficient Train and Safety Brake noe wi Pittsburgh ‘Manufactured Goods af all Kinds. application is instantaneous ; it can be operated from any car in the train if desired, and should tbe train se te, or hose or ee or pipe fail, | it applies automatically. GUARANTEE is given customer Correspondence solicited. Prices on application. BOLT & RIVET CLIPPERS. against trom PA the apparatus sold 7 _ . . For cutting off the ends of Bolts and Rivets, op The WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE is now fitted to upward of w . As »: E. JENCKES MANFG. CO where you buy buy your hardware, of send for cir i5,000 ENGINES AND 80 000 CARS Fir +. 7 ey; cu price and is adopted by the principal Railways in al! parts of the world. FULL INFORMATION FURNISHED ON APPLICATION. , LEECHBURG IRON WORKS. Bae: CHAMBERS, BROTHER & CoO., 52nd Sr., Betow Lancaster Ave., PHILADELPHIA, PA. PAWTUCKET, R. L, Bright Wire Goods, Belt Hooks, SPRING PINS, KREWS AND COTTERS, Bent Wire Goods of all kinds a Specialty. ea ow ae, ke KIRKPATRICK & CO., LIMITED ter anufacture 0 rades 0! Fines sSsHeEeBeT IRONS, TE (Refined, Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Iron, &c. NATURAL GAS USED AS FUEL. ON BEAM S OFFIOR, No, 143 First Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. WORKS, Lecchburg, P* Rails, B ' — CLOSES ON OUTSIDE OF NOSE. Only single Ring ever in'<0's Ri ye Bars, &c., —————r \ Only Double Ring Invented. that closes ae ene ral Of 7 Champion Hog Ringer, | Elliptical Ring : —_— es R f) Woop & 60 8 es Se and Triple Grcove Hog and Pig Ringe’ Pome ett pe » ' ty % ee ain only that eote. oval, Sineie Bing that o os sharp ts e€ nose. points in the flesh to keep !t ©™ PHILADELPHIA CHAMBERS, BERING & QUINLAN CO., Exclusive Manufacturers, Decatur. | Manufacturers of Joun J. SPowers, President. ALEXANDER BURNS, Manage’. Cast lron Pipe/rHt JERSEY CITY GALVANIZING (0. FOR WATER AND GAS, MANUFACTURERS OF \ ms GALVANIZED MATERIAL ¢ OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. LAMP POSTS, VALV ES, ETC. Galvanized sheet ison tiene Moon Best Refined. Common } a eg Square, Band and Mathew’s Pat. Anti-Freezing Hydrants. op en, Se., ON COS i 400 CHESTNUT STREET. All Slees All Geuces = ? VARIETY METAL BOOM. sdtinieaaiils - Socket Bolts, &. ‘apnea eee |. sae in all its Branches a Specialty. Brass and othe: atts 1% tos inches. Trac Corrugated Sheet Iron a Specialty Gobventees, Puseeee. Iron Corrugated for the +" FRAS. B. BANNAN, timates 2 applic WORKS: GREEN and BAY STREETS, JERSEY CITY, NJ. ited om WAREHOUSE, 98 JOHN STREET NEW YOR eet, New York. Pottsville, Schuylkill Co., Pa, U7 WILLIAM R. HART & CO., October 8, 1885. AMERICAN AND FOREIGN PIG IRON, SPIEGELEISEN, STEEL BLOOMS, CROP ENDS, TIN PLATES, &c. | 924 Sovuts Turrp St.. PHILADELPHIA. ADDRESS Cambria Iron Co., OFFICE, 218 South Fourth St., The Phcenix 410 WALNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. 0 R Trusses, Girders and Joists, and ail kinds of Iron Framing used in the con- - age en of Yueeon Buildings : Patent Wrought Iron Columns, Weldless Eye Bars, and Built-up Shapes for Iron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and Every Variety of SHAPE IRON Made to order. DAVID REEVES, President. Plans and Specifications furnished. Address New York Agents, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty St. THE IRON AG HENRY LEVIS & CO., Manufacturers’ Agents For Iron and Steel Rails, Car Wheels, Boiler and Sheet Iron and General Railway Equipments. Old Rails, Axles and Wheels bought and sold 284 S. 4th St., Philadelphia. Light Rails, Railway Fastenings, STREET RAILS. Heavy Rails, Johnstown, Pennsylvania. Iron Co., EDWARD J. ETTING, IRON BROKER & COMMISSION MERCHANT, 222 S. Tarrp St., PHILADELPHIA, PA. PIG, BAR and RAILROAD IRON, OLD RAILS, SCRAP, &c. Agent for the Mount Savage Fire Brick. EXCLUSIVE AGENT FOR LYNCHBURG IRON co, LYNCHBURG, VA., Foundry and Forge Pig Iron. STORAGE, WHARF anp YARD, Delaware Avenve, above Callowhill St., connected by track with rail. road. CASH ADVANCES MADE ON IRON. Jas. G. Luypsay, Tos. 8. Parvin. LINDSAY, PARVIN & CO., Successors to Liroyp & Lipsy, 328 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. Iron ~ and Bridge Builders’ Materials, Steel and Iron Shapes and Bars, Sheet Iron, Sheet Steel, Pig Iron, Muck Bars, Plate Girders for Bridges and Buildings. Contracts placed for Iron Structures, Ethelbert W atts. Jos. C. Poulterer. ETHELBERT WATTS & CO., Iron Brokers and Commission Merchants, Ho. 920 So. Third Streei, Philadelphia, SALES AGENTS FOR Pennsylvania and Virginia Pig Iron, “Corn- wall,’ ** Chester,’ and Other Iron Ores. Dealers in Old Rails and Iron and Steel Se f al kinds. Correspondence solicited. ee ee L. & R. WISTER & CO., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 257 So. 4th St., Philadelphia. AGENTS Kemble and Norway Foundry and Forge Pig Iron Wyebrooke C. B. Charcoal Pig Iron. B ; Red Short Pig Iron. a ne DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF SCRAP IRON. MORRIS, WHEELER & CoO., E.. 5 eee JUSTICE COX, JR. CHARLES K. BARNS. JUSTICE COX, JR,, & CO,, Agents for Chickies, Conewago, Montgomery and Shenandoah FOUNDRY and FORGE PI™SG IRON. CARBON ROLLING MILL CO., Limited, Best Qual ity Muck Bar. CATASAUQUA MFG. CO.’S Bar, ‘Angle, Skelp and Sheet Iron. Shenandoah (Va.) Best Charcoal Blooms. No. 224 So. Fourth St., Phila. Jerome Keeley & Co., 206 Walnut Place, Phila., Selling Agents for CHARCOAL and ANTHRACITE BLOOMS, PIG TRON, BAR IRON, SHEET IRON STEEL and IRON RAILS, TRON CLAD STEEL RAILS and BARS, MAGNETIC and HEMATITE TRON ORES FIRE BRICK, COAL and COKE, MUCK BARS. Handle Old Iron and Steel Rails, Scrap [ron, &c. Examine and negotiate sales of Lron and Coal properties. E. H. Wilson, A. Kaiser. J. B. M. Hirons EZ. H. WILSON 4&4 CO., 230 South Third Street, Philadelphia. BROKERS AND DEALERS IN IRON AND STEEL. Correspondence solicited. “J. W. HOFFMAN & CO., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 208 South Fourth St., Philadelphia, SELLING AGENTS, TRON WORKS, Pine Brand Plates; GLASGOW TON CO. Plates and Muck Bars ; SPRANG STEEL & IRON CO. (Limited), Siemens-Martin (Open-Hearth) Steel, Universal and Sheared Plates, Angles and Shapes. oe INO. L. H OG A N, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANT, 216 SOUTH FOURTH ST., PHILA. The First Trials of the Bessemer Process in Scotland. A very early, but a very crude. trial of the Bessemer process was made in Seotland in the year 1857 by Mr. Thomas Jackson. at the Coats Iron Works, who describes it as fol lows: ‘*My attention was first drawn to the sub ject by drawings in the ///lustrated News From these drawings and accompanying let ter-press we had the necessary apparatus fitted, and on a very simple plan. An old locomotive cylinder attached to the engine of the turning lathe served as a blast evlin- der. The foundry cupola and Bessemer furnace were lengths of old boiler tube lined with brick and erected close together. The charges varied from 5 ewt. to 10 ewt ; the pig iron used, Eglinton No. 1, in those days a very superior brand. From a charge of this iron drawn off in the state of refined metal, which was then puddled and rolled, und afterward re-rolled into merchant bars, the result was B-best iron We had no difficulty in rolling the blooms obtained into the usual 3-inch by s-inch rough bars, and these were piled and re-rolled into merchant bars, and from a piece of 3 inch by %4-inch a sheet was rolled out at Govan Bar Lron Works as thin as paper and pliable. So far as I am aware, no other iron was rolled successfully from the experiments conducted at that period here in Scotland. A piece of the above bar iron was analyzed by Dr. Penny, Professor of (hemistry in he Andersonian University. Glasgow, who duly reported that the substance was chem- ically pure iron, but commercially valueless, being what the workmen usually style ‘ burnt iron.’ It seemed to be impossible to hit the point when the iron could be run from the converter to produce good malleable iron. { am writing from memory. and, although several notives were taken of these experi- ments, [ can only find one contained in the — =. ._ . eee. Se { rk, Boston Agents, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. a — Iron, Steel and Nails. Il ALAN WOOD & CoO., WAREHOUSE & OFFICES, SALES OFFICES, 16th & Market Sts., 400 Chestnut St., MANUFACTURERS OF Patent Planished, Galvanized, Commen, Best Refined, Cleaned and Cha oo PHILA., PA. PHI'A., PA. ; we PLATE & SHEET IRON, Pig Iron & Ores, Steel & Iron Blooms, Lt Go Coal Co. “A paper describing this experiment was “S{enentowm steel Co. Open Hearth Metal, read before the Philosophical Society «f Glas Charcoal Iron, Connellsville Coke, gow, by Mr. William Cockey, on February Old Rails, Serap, de. 11,1857: *‘ Theexperiments were conducted as nearly as possible according to the method described to the public by the patentee. The ' natalie ia ANDOVER PIG IRON, New York Address, 14 CLIFF ST. a FOR BEST MILL PRODUCTS. form of the Bessemer fu : li Andover Ohili Iron for Oarwheels, &o. i. Pen 6 _ furnace was cylin- 1K ALSO LIGHT PLATES AND SHEETS OF STEEL, NORTH BROTHERS, Each big marked exact chill depth (4 Inch to ¥4 ara ney med gers * ae and with ect hilad hia. Pa inch), A. Whitney n’s ota six tuyeres, each 3 inch in diameter, enter- No. 519 Arch Str P elp ¥. A. Comuy, Treas. J. Waster Putimam, Agent. | ing almost on @ level with the bottom of the Orders solicited especially for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and wr owhintt end Jock a Stack, I ron Fou nders, 240 So. 3d St., Philadelphia. ipo vas ne iron used was one of the de Boat Iron ; Last, Stamping, Ferrule Locomotive and Jacke nD, est brands of the firm (Eglinton), and No. 1, ee - : Light Castings a Specialty. Jd. J. MoxrHrRnR, - softest, quality : the quantity oaraied on : WW N. W. Cor. 23d and Race Streets, A, | *vout 8 cwt. The pig iron, when melted in Ww. H. ALBAUM & CO., PHILADELPHIA. 430 Walnut St., eae wa. the ordinary foundry cupola, was run ph ed 206 S Fourth St Philadelphia. 61 Pine St., New York. Correspondence solicited Gate Anes ee into oe furnace, which had been | : 2 ——s . .| Previously well heated. The blast was NEW AND CLD RAILS, BLOOMS. BESSEMER Pic. Established 1847. | Sheridan, ae oat — then applied, and, beginning ata” pres : aure ure of 5 pounds, was raised during |! Crop Ends, Spiegeleisen, Iron Ores and Railroad Supplies Generally. A. WHITNEY & SONS, -burg, Millcreek and Mt, the process to 11 pounds, and afterward 9 AGENTS IN THE UNITED STATES FOR CAR WHEEL WORK | wounpRy and FORGE PIG IRON, | allowed to descend to 5 pounds. The ap- THE NORTH LONSDADE IRON & STEEL CO., Limited, Bessemer Pig Iron, brand ‘“‘ Ulverston ;” oor, re a 9} CHARCOAL PIC IRON, pe _— vouaie ae - — — Ma “U.H M.” AD ° aa , ; : — 1 ee De Tig orth IRON & STEEL CO., Limited, Spiegeleisen, Crop Ends, &c. —— aise from the subsidence of the ebullition and the Ae OT Aeats tor tho Wil VER MINING CO'S. Arkansas Manganese Ore, Guarant Special Wheels for Furnace and Mine Cars. | woopBRIDGE CLAY MINING CO.’S FIRE BRICK. | change of flame toa purple color, the pro- Also Sole Agents for the WHITE RI MINING CO’S. Arkansas Manganese Ore, Guaranteed so per aoe Oe ee oe pare ave, Be abe PT] cent, Metallic onsho oo ; on, | run into molds (18 x x inches ese tS PENCOYD I RON WORKS, PLYMOUTH ROLLI N G M I LL CO., * MBAS ? ae _ aa ain eae MANUFACTURERS OF rolled into bars, and these, cut up into equal A. ce PP. ROBERTS cw CO., lengths, were piled nine high, and again MANUFACTURERS OF Pig Iron, | Plate and Sheet Steel, Soe cane beet, She samme — te . BEAMS, CHANNELS, DECK BEAMS, ANGLES, TEES, Te ae oe net Tt pursued as that adopted to manufacture 7 PLATES, MERCHANT BAR, Sheets of Steel. marketable iron. The iron was found = Puddled Bars, . ‘ unfit f “ . e a Plate and Sheet Iron, fit for commercial purposes from its brit Special for Axles, Best Neutral and Common. Skelp, Blue Annealed and Common. tleness. The percentage of loss was i ia- Cc) , Best Refined, g 88 Was Invaria Best Bloom, Tube, Cleaned, Be efinec bly much greater than by the old process, &@ Particular attention given to Iron for Special Purposes. being as high as 17 per cent. above the usual n to ___. | waste,” cr Rig SEN ge 22 gue + @# It will be evident that in this trial the ), SHAFTING AND ROLLED OR HAMMERED AXLES OF IRON OR STEEL. object aimed at was a mistaken one (they Office, No. 26 S Fourth St., Phildelphia, Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. — = a, one mane € ,» 4040 also 1a © trial was scarcely on p | " D 0 N S T p 0 B F I [ A | R E A lJ | ® | such a scale or conducted with such full e . ; i ; Brad| 'o., Empire Chain Wor S be Re m I e In 0 j Mr. Bessemer, made a more complete and systematic trial of the new process under the ENGINEERS, E. No. 226 Walnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 816 Richmond St., Philadelphia. personal capervisien of the | inventor aa 7 operations conducted for some time, Scotch ce of Chains for Foundry Cranes and Slings. iron being used in the converter.