The Iron Age 1884-07-17: Vol 34 Iss 3

0, 1884, 0D, Ww, E, &c. y: 0 a9 ; (NIVES The Iron Age een tNOER TO A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. ovetOEX TO Published every Thursday Morning by Davip Witutams, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. Vol. XXXIV: No. 3. New York, Thursday, Fuly 17, 1884. $4.50 a Year, Including Postage. Single Copies, Ten Cents. A New Seaming Machine. The machine shown in our illustration performs automatically the two operations of flanging and double-seaming simulta- neously in one continuous movement, thus effecting a saving in the cost of manufacture of all sheet-metal vessels which require to be double-seamed. It is especially adapted for use in making pieced tinware (straight or flaring), tin cans, powder kegs, paint, lard and butter packages and many other articles in sheet-metal ware. It performs its work as rapidly as an expert operator can place the article in the machine and take it out, being, in fact, absolutely automatic and con- tinuous in every movement. It is provided with an intermittent locking device, how- ever, so that it stops after seaming each | vessel if required in teaching new operators | or in very large work. The machine consists in a base carrying the mechanism for driving the seaming tools and the clamping chucks; a column with arms on either side, on which are mounted sliding heads, adjustably secured thereto, and a front bracket carrying the lower chuck on which the vessel is placed to be operated upon. Mounted on the sliding heads are upright grooved cams, on which sliding tool-holders having rollers in their ends are mounted in such manner that the rocking of the shafts, also mounted on the sliding heads, impart radial and reciprocating motion to the es, the shape of the cam grooves being such as to cause the seaming tools to perform the operations of flanging and d seaming. The operation is as follows: The can body is formed and sol- dered as usual and a ae = applied, fitting inside the upright wall of the — ’ The . then pieoms the vessel on the lower chuck and trips the machine (if it is not running continuously) ; instantly the vessel rises until it is clamped between the upper and lower chucks of the machine, rotary motion being given to the vessel from the upright shaft on which the upper chuck is mounted. At the same instant the vessel is being clamped the seaming tools rise up out of the way, and after the vessel is one idly clamped and held between the chucks having only a pen Soa mets, the seaming tools descend, guide upright cams into the proper position to form the wor traversing the lower chuck descends removed and another one placed in the A counter-shaft having — Norton Brothers, of Chicago, Ill. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL. Presence of Zine in Sea water. the only metals which occur marble ; zinc also is almost ph e Gro eae _ ‘water resent sea ; it was found in specimens taken from the English Channel, on the coast of France and Brest, in Brittany, in the ocean at the mouth of the Garonne, and in the Mediterranean at pi was dissolved on with a slight excess of dilute hydrochloric acid, neutralized with calcium carbonate, and filtered again. The filtrate was now acidulated again with weak hydrochloric acid, and the zinc volumetrically estimated by means of ferrocyanide of potassium ; it was found to contain .oor2 of metallic zinc. This only amounts to .000022 per liter. This quantity, which seems very small, is, however, really considerable, if one consid- ers that the total waters of the ocean are at least equal to a bulk of 396,000,000 cubic miles,” Lunar Heat. An interesting article on lunar heat, by Prof. C. A. Young, was published in the r Science News, from which we take the following. After mentioning the early investigati of the subject, Professor Young speaks of Lord Rosse’s experiments in 1868, which were made with the aid of a 3-foot reflector: ‘‘ A moment’s thought will show,” continues Professor Young, ‘‘ that the moon’s heat must consist of two po2r- tions. First, there will be reflected will depend i the pada on ne ar ae temperature reflecting power. And moonlight is only a part of this reflected radiant energy, diftering from the invisible portion of the same merely in having such a wave length and vibration period as to bring it within the range of perception of the human eye. The second portion of the heat sent us by the moon is that which she emits on her own account as a warmed body— warmed, of course, mainly, if not entirely, by the action of the sun. The amount of this heat will depend upon the temperature of the moon’s surface and its radiating power’; and the temperature will depend upon a number of things (chiefly heat-ab- sorbing power of the surface, and the nature and density of the lunar atmosphere, as well as the supply of heat received from the sun), such power of penetrating tra. nt media as the | high vi vibrations which come from incandescent bodies. A part, therefore, of this contingent the lunar course, discriminate directly between the two portions of the lunar heat ; but to some extent it does enable us to do so indirectly, since they vary in quite adifferent way with the moon’s age. The simple reflected heat must follow the same law as moonlight, and come to its maximum at full moon. The radia- ted heat, on the other hand, will reach its maxi- mum when the average temperature of that part of the moon’s surface turned toward the earth is highest ; and this must be some time after full moon, for the same sort of reasons that make the hottest part of a summer’s day come two or three hours after noon. The conclusion early reached by Lord Rosse was, that nearly all the lunar heat belonged to the second category—dark heat radiated from “SS > A NEW SEAMING MACHINE. the moon’s warmed surface, the reflected | of the incident rays ; but at the same time being comparatively small—and he | there is nothing to retain the heat and pre- temperature of the hottest | vent the radiation into s surface must run as high | surface begins to warm. the boiling point | data to determine exactly how much the tem- Since the lunar day is a whole | perature of the lunar rocks would have to be long, and there are never an clouds | raised above the absolute zero ( — 273° C., or in the Junar sky, it is easy to imagine that | — 459° F.) in order that they might throw off 3 estimated that the as 500° F.—well up toward lunar | in I may use the exqeee) the| would get from the sun in asecond. But the sun | Professor Langley’s observations, made on | him to make any radical change in his ideas of the maximum heat of the moon’s surface. For some time, however, there has been a growing scepticism among astronomers, re- lating, notso much to the correctness of his measures as to the computations by which he inferred the high percentage of obscure ra- diated heat compared with reflected heat, and so deduced the high temperature of lunar noon. Professor Langley, who is now en- gaged in investigating the subject, finds him- even 200° or 300° F. under solar radiation, however long continued. It must, in fact, be considered at present extremely doubtful | whether any portion of the moon’s surface | ever reaches a temperature as high as }— 100", | A New Galvanometer. | At the recent meeting of the Glasgow | Philosophical Society a paper was read by Professor Blyth ‘‘On a New Form of Gal- self compelled to believe that the lunar surface | Vanometer and Voltmeter.” The instru- never gets even comfortably warm—because | ment, Says the English Mechanic, consists it has no blanket. It receives heat, it is true, | essentially of a closed coil of insulated wire from the sun, and probably some 25 or 30 per | bent into a circular form, so as to constitute eent. more than the earth, since there are no | 8U endless solenoid. clouds and no air to absorb a large proportion as soon as the e have not yet the to space as much heat in a second as they stands in the lunar sky as it does at Boston | Mount blogg Me an elevation of 15,000 at 2p.m. it has been shining continously | feet, when the (indicating that about 2 per cent. of the air wed that rocks ex-| thermopile were subjected to the action of for more than 200 hours. On the other hand, the coldest part of the moon’s surface, when the sun has only just risen after a night of 340 hours, must have a temperature more 100° below zero. rometer stood at 17 inches was still above him), The current to he measured passes through the solenoid and deflects a short magnet, suspended or pivoted so as to have its center in the circular center line of the solenoid, the deflections of the needle being observed ‘by a suitably-placed pointer. Two advantages of the instrument were pointed out. One is that the constant of the instrument admits of easy determina- tion, seeing that it depends only on the radius of the circular center line and the number of convolutions of wire ; the other is that the endless solenoid constitutes a closed magnetic shell, and, in consequence, can exert no magnetic force at any point outside itself. In this way the current in the act of being measured has no tendency to disturb the magnetism of any controlling magnet that may be used, or to alter in any way the elasticity of any steel spring that may be employed to counterbalance the de- flection of the magnetometer needle. In one of the instruments exhibited the balance spring of a watch was used to act on the magnetometer needle, and an arrangement was provided whereby the spring could be coiled up to any required extent, so as to allow either strong or weak currents to be measured, Luminous Paint in Spectroscopy. Herr Lommel, the well-known German physicist, remarks a foreign exchange, has applied the luminous paint of Balmain to spectroscopy. In the plane of the cross hairs of an ordinary spectroscope a piece of microscopic slide glass is placed, one portion being covered with Balmain’s paint or other phosphorescent substance. The slit of the spec- trum is so modified that the solar spectrum is thrown on the phosphorescent slide after it has been rendered self-luminous by exposure to daylight or alamp. Becquerel’s phenomeon ean then be studied. The dark bands in the ultra red are shown to be true absorp- tion bands due to the phosphorescent on stance employed. A greenish-blue phos- phorescing sulphide of calcium gives a more vivid spectrum than Balmain’s paint. A late covered with it and kept four days in the dark will show the bright phos- phorescent ultra-red spectrum in a beauti- ful manner, while Balmain’s paint hardly shows it after being two days in the dark. The Liquefaéticu of Gases, Professor Dewar, in a lecture recently de- livered before the Royal Institution, said that in the liquefaction of gases most remarkable rogress had been made in late years, and fobing recently had the use of apparatus giving exceptional pressure, presented to the Royal Institution by Mr. De La Rue several years ago, he would try to show some of the results of recent research by scientific menu on this subject, although the temperature of the theater was adverse to the experiments. Faraday’s plan of liquefying gases was to heat mixtures for generating gases in closed vessels, by which method, for instance, chlo- rine could be liquefied by pouring hot water over a tube containing a compound capable of liberating that gas. One of the iron bottles near the lecture table contained 1o liters of carbonic acid liquefied by compression ; he could cause the liquid to chill itself by its own evaporation in escaping from the bottle, so that it condensed into carbonic-acid snow, which could. be collected in a proper recep- tacle. This solid carbonic acid can handled with impunity, because it is sur- rounded by a layer of vapor which keeps it from contact with the skin, which is thereby ony protected from the extreme cold. y subjecting this snow to a pressure of 1 or 1% tons to the square inch, it may be compressed into carbonic-acid ice, which has to be handled somewhat cautiously. Car- bonic-acid snow floats on water; carbonic- acid ice sinks in water, and comes into con- tact with the water after a time. A mixture of solid carbonic acid and ether produces intense cold, by which mercury can be frozen with ease For measuring very low temperatures the air thermometer is now useless, tempera- tures having been reached at which air itself is liquefied. ‘Two Russian physicists—Wrob- lewski and Olszewski—have recently suc- ceeded in liquefying nitrogen, and oxygen has also been liquefied. A convenient ther- mometer for these low temperatures is there- fore wanted ; a simple and correct one i the purpose depends upon the production o therlsl diliaels curreale ; he therefore used | long strips of iron and copper, soldered to- gether at their points of junction, and when those points of junction at one end of the icular rays of the sun| jow temperatures, while the points of junc- posed to the perpendicu ere not heated to any such extent as those = at the base of the mountain similarly ex- “Lord Rosse’s later observations modified | posed ; and the difference was so great as to his conclusions to some extent, showing that | make it almost certain that a mass of rock he had at first underestimated the percentage | not covered b a reasonable dense atmos- “< of simple reflected heat, but without causing ' phere could never attain a temperature of tion at the other end of the pile were kept steadily at the temperature of melting ice, a aoteed of indicating the very low tempera- tures given in the experiments was obtained. (Continued on page 5.) ie -s tal 250 eae PR ~ - ~ a : 2 me A _ —*s =. Phe. ~~ July 17, 1884, 2 THE [RON AGE. The Plume &Atwood Mfg. Company, MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burs, PHILIP L MOEN, President and ‘i reasurer. CHAS. F. WASHBURN, Vice President & Secretary WASHBURN & MOEN MANE ETURING CO, Established 1831. a aa ANSONIA BRASS AND COPPER CO., MANUFACTURERS OF PURE COPPER WIRE, For Electrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. a Se Waterbury Brass Co, Seamless Brass and W. E. DODGE Copper Tubing, ESTABLISHED 18345. ‘ oh Sheets, Bolts, Rods, , __Pres't. Wire. O’Neils’s Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, Copper Flectrical Wire, Pins, G. P. COWLES, Patent Nickel- CERMAN SILVER, a ner a: ras um Hing V.-P. and Treas. A. A. COWLES, Secretary. oe copper: | Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire %¢ BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, COPPER RIVETS AND BURS, BRASS KETTLES, Door Rail, Brass Tags, PERCUSSION CAPS, POWDER FLASKS, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Measures, dc. And small Brass Wares of yO Description. Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. Sole Agents for the PHELPS, DODGE & CO.. Capewell 7 Giaee of Sport- POTS, 296 Broadway, New York, | WATERBURY, TIN PLAT E. 125 Eddy St., Providence, R. 1. Conn. ROOFING PLATE, Sheet Iron Copper, Pig Tin, Wire, POPE, COLE & Co. Zinc, &c. COPPER AND BRASS. BALTIMORE CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. COPPER WORKS. No. 57 South Gay St., BALTIMORE, MD., SCOVILL MFC CO Have always on hand and for sale INGOT COPPER, BRASS, HINGES WIRE, CERMAN SILVER. | 480 Cakes, of unequaled purity and toughness. PHOTOGRAPHIC GOOPS. |ROME IRON WORKS, Jack Chain, Kerosene Burners, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 18 Murray Street, New York. 13 Federal Street, Boston. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. Rolling Mill, Factories, THOMASTON, Ct. WATERBURY, Ct. Bridgeport Brass Co,, |x" Sheet and Roll Brass, Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing. Seamless and Brazed Tubing, Copper and Iron Rivets. OILERS and CUSPADORES, | LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, LANTERNS and TRIMMINGS, | KEROSENE BURNERS, Clocks & Fly Fan Movements, | PLUMBERS’ MATERIALS. Particular Sate paid to cutting out Blanks and manufacturing Metal Goods. MANUFACTORY, WAREHOUSE, Bridgeport, Conn. | 19 Murray St., N. ¥. Holmes, Booth & Haydens, WATERBURY, CONN. NEW YORK, BOSTON, 33 Murray we 18 Federal St. Manufacturers of all kinds of Brass, Copper & German Silver, Ansonia Refined Ingot Copper, Anchor Brand ; LAKE INGOT COPPER. 19 & 21 CHM Street, NEW YORK. IRON ana STEEL. WiRE. a Bteel = Fencing, Patent Steel Wire Bale Ties. 16 t te any length. Own ore of the the PATENT Ot CONTI Sreibee eas am ais cing iron and Steel WikK. Ib gots of 10 ou 10> 0 pounds, “a Market oe Stone Wire, apt Grape Wire in iong lengthe ; Coppered It, Screw, Rivet, ae —- hata Wire Clothing, ball wire Hops. string Covering Wire cn and Tinned plated Wire ofall eaes. ‘A specialty is made beat been Gun Bosew and Sptral Spring Wire and from selected stamps of Norway Iron. Sunidhtened ¢ twine, ee ay ee eplea Brignt, £0 ne oe Wire, Potent Lines finish. eb artvale d cost Wino. Brock Wire for Barings Hesdios end Dettin” Martel Steal Whee Dot toed 4 mae New York, 16 Clif, and 241 Pearl oa WAREHOUSES: } Coirase, 107 and 109 Lake St. “NATIONAL WIRE AND LANTERN WORKS.”’ Warehouse, 45 Fulton Street, New York: HOWARD & MORSE, MANUFACTURERS OF WIRE CLOTH, WIRE WORK, WIRE FENCE & RAILING, Also, HAND AND RAILROAD LANTERNS. gf Manufacturers of ee ie oe ” | Brass, Gilding Metal, Cop- . er Seat ane a —=— re a uiiedin tna NY. a Conn, per and German Silver RASS & CO E, 177 Devonshire St. Seams fev Sundin. (in Sheets, Rods, Tubing or Wire), Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs. —™~ = a 83 Lake St., Ch cago, KwYokcly | COPPER & BRASS RIVETS BRASS & IRON a : fiery i i AND BURS. OR ces.” ncicmesmen ‘nineties ot, mobeumnen’ German Silver Spoons, SILVER PLATED FORKS & SPOONS, Kerosene Burners, &c. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Agents for Brooklyn Brass & Copper Oo., Dealers in Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, Antimony, Solder & Old Metals, 100 John Street, New York. PASSAIC ZINC CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Pure Spelter FOR Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & Cp, _"emer New Sore Importers of Tin Plate, Pig Tin, SheetIron, Copper,| BROWN & BROTHERS, Wire, Zinc, Etc, a de Oh GRAM Mac 200. Wedecen. 81 Chambers St., N.Y. | Waterbury, Conn, DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool, NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS OF THE NEW HAVEN PRASS, COPPER AND COPPER CO., | GERMAN SILVER Le Ae Of Im Sheets, Rolls, Rods, Wire, Tubing, POLISHED COPPER) ==—:~~ aan oo nauOynopetpe ac, {Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. ALSO MANUFACTURERS AND THE TRENTON IRON CO., TRENTON NEW JERSEY. BRAZIER RODS, BAR IRON, COPPERAS. COOPER, HEWITT & CO., 17 Burling Slip. DEALERS IN PATENTED SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER HOUSE BOILERS, warranted to stand 200, Ibe xD ALL FR WORK. Philadelphia Office - - 21 North Fourth Street. WIRE ROPE BRAZIERS & SHEATHING COPPER, se SILVER PLATED, FLAT TABLE WARE. iv rich Kettles, Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, &c. designs. ; 290 Pearl Street - NEW YORK.| GERMAN SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS. GALVANIZERS AND BRASS FOUNDERS. MANNING & SQUIER, Gen’l Agents, 111 LIBERTY ST. (24 Floor), NEW YORK. Geo. W. ee & Co., IRON 4 oe WIRE. \ (LAZARD WM Fs CO WAREROOMS : s7 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK. Works: WiLEBESBARRE. Fa. BRODERICK & BASCOM ROPE 60., WIRE ROPE awe ae | ESTABLISHED 1837. INCORPORATED 1876. H. 8. Cuasg, Sec’y. C. F. Pops, Treas. Waterbury Mfg. Co., WATERBURY, CONN., Brass Goods This Advertis+ ment Changed Weekly, IOWA BARB WIRE CoOo., Bright, Coppered, Annealed and Tin Piated. AlsoGUN SCREW WIRE Of all sizes straightened and cut to order. 98 Reade S&t., NEW YORK. 89 Lake &St., CHICAGO, MANUFACTURERS STAUFFER, MACREADY & CO., New Orleans, La. CARLIN & FULTON, Baltimore. Md, os BAKER & HAMILTON, San Francisco and Sacramento, Cal. IRON & STEEL WIRE ROPE se Factory, EASTON, PA. Licensed under all bottom Patents. 728 N. Main St. St. Louis, Mo. =: A. LESCHEN & SONS, -: 5 Manufacturers of Fe 3 = Ss x4 Shows the exact si f 5 <= = ze of our close-set wire and barbs, 5 = > Ordinarily the berbs are placed seven inches apart. One = W | BA 3 eq @ a 5 > ° pound measures 15 feet in length. 2 s $ = os a A = = a — 903 & 905 N Main *t., ST. LvuUIs, MO. Correspondence invited E. JENCKES MANFG. CO., ww. Ss. BSTEY, MANUFACTURER OF Nis ads. e's . oF Btass, ee xi ee Seis tatdie, WIRE CLOTHS igxzs Bent Wire Goods of all kinds a Specialty. I n ren and Seoed ued Epoomes ometive Soe Grea Tre re Roch. Wire Work 'et ox Export i overy wae age? — os New Werk Ofiice, 8S Chambers Street, SAMUEL A. HAINES, Selling Agent. NO. ‘86 FULTON ST., ‘ EW YORK. Manufacturers of WORCESTER WIRE CO., IRON AND STEEL Sy For all Purposes. WORCESTER, MASS. | B Br. Dout Buil We and sa ples, w y lip. pet. ka ‘Bupoeg dwoy | FS> Co July 17, 1884, THE IRON AGE. > 0. LINDEMANN & cO.,| “+> Ee wn iieneeacesonen Manufacturers or | ®t £EL WIRE for all purpeses and STEEL > SPRINGS of every Govoriusion- a, aa, Flower Stand, _ "Wrought iron Fence. Chair. a HLN\\ ee Me ve FRED. J. MEYERS MANUFACTURING CO. COVINGTON, Ky. Manufacturers of WIRE GOODS OF ALL KINDS, Wrought-iron Fencing, Cresting and Hardware Specialties. Send for Illustrated Catalogue. BIRD CAGES. i inventors ne Metal Cages, frig it Meta ages, ’constructed without solder. 7 i ht at tt 4 « — Toh , > > ~ h) — > S ss ~ “~ _ = ~~ x Ny VAL CM ELELAELELAAAL ALLA \ 254 Pearl St., NEW YORK. Market Steel Wire, Crinoline Wire, tempered and covered. A Also Patent Tempered Steel — ny sane on haad, i. , a 234, 286 and 238 West 29th Pili ade W NW YORK, and and Grain Riddle Wire Counter R.- wane: i th till es Street, LUDLOW-S SAYLOR WIRE 00, sT. LOUIS, MO. AXXKY? POSS OS OS SSS ae YY a 70 IRON AND BRASS RIVETS, Studs, Pins, Screws, &c., For Manufacturers of Light Hardware. BLAKE & JOHNSON, Waterbury, Conn. GAUTIER STEEL DEPT. Cambria [ron Co., Bo Pd MP Ps Pl Se ceuvgwaadai esos aS we i EN BN d a Pw TTENGERC $ SORBEH of Ls aaa WIRK, WIRE CLOTH, WIRE ROPE, Counter Railings, Window Guards, Iron and Wire Fences, PLAIN AND BARBED FENCING WIRE. Estab'd oat “ __Incorp'd sre . Gilbert & Bu nnett Mfg. Co. 42 CLIFF ST., NEW YORK, WIRE ELEVATOR GUARDS Office Railings, Desk Railings, Skylight Guards and Wire ; Window Guards 9 a nt re a rah | MANUFACTURERS OF of Every Description, , = sh Se lron & Galvanized Wire CLEVELAND, - - - = OHIC Ss Ns eters ae Sieves anu Wire Cloth. Power Loom Painted and Galvan ized Window Screen Wire Cioth, Galvanized Wire C oe we Pr ing Fruits, Warid’s Galv Web re Fence, Galva A= _ Twist Wire Poultry Netting. Factories, Georgetown, Conn, JOHNSTOWN, = _ FOR PRICES ON NEW YORK OFFICE, 104 Reade Street, FLY TRAPS, DISH COVERS, THOMPSON McOOSH, President, JOHN A, McCOSH, Sec. and Treas, BARB WIRE “carmen. WIRE CLOTH, PHILADELPHIA OFFICE, 523 Arch Street. Scrub, Shoe, Whitewash and Other Brushes. ADDRESS NO DANGER OF CU1 CHICAGO OFFICE , TING HANDS OR TEAR- THE BROMWELL BRUSH 100 Dearborn Street. ING CLOTHES. SAVES THE PRICE (No. 79) . THE LIFTER MAN & WIRE GOODS CO., mee TIMES EVERY DAY. CHARLES A. OTIS, President. SAM’L ANDREWS, Vice President. SAM’L A. SAGUE, oa Te CINCINNATI. THOS. JOPLING, Treasurer. JOHN C. ANDREWS, cuinast sy, rwompanesrsts| THE AMERICAN WIRE COMPANY, DRAWERS OF DEWITT Wine CLOTH, SE VR ee Manufactured Solely by (PATENTED. ] Hawkeye Steel Barb Fence Co., BURLINGTON, IOWA. . - 87 Chambers St., 908 Market St., a paaeeten seh Senetetinh estes IP Skea AND TELEPHONE WIRE. PATENT FOLDING NEW YORK, PHILADELPHIA, GALVANIZED, TINNED AND COPPERED WIRE. IRON WINDOW GUARDS AND GATES. MANUFACTURERS nsmu@{RE STRAIGHTENED AND CUT TO LENGTHS. Can be extended and locked oF protection, and folded away when not in use, COMPOSITE IRON WORKS CO., 93 Church Street, Corner Reade Street, New York. COMPOSITE IRON RAILINGS. Send for Folding Gate Catalogue.” KELLY STEEL BARB WIRE. “forages O ee, 2 comercial Nat Brass and Copper Wire,| =:=2i CLEVELAND, OHIO, ~~ -y.iierite = WIRE CLOTH of every description, Double Selvage, Painted Wire Window Cloth, WIRE NETTING FOR FENCING, POULTRY YARDS, &c., J. A. EMERICK HOWARD EVANS. FOUNDRY FACING, MOLDING SAND, FOUNDRY SUPPLIES, e& J. A. EMERICK & CO., 1056 to 1076 Beach St., PHILADELPHIA, Wire Rope for Mines, Elevators, Cables and Transmission of Power, WIRE CORDS FOR PICTURES WINDOW SASHES, &e., & PATENT OFFICE. Barbs 3 inches apart stand in all directions, VIELDING STEEL BARB, ACTING LIKE A NATURAL THORN, Lightest Weight per Rod. Painted and Galvanized. Only one Agent in each town. Address TEaonRnNnN WViine HBEYODGE co., W. #. SUMNER, Paes F. R. MINCKLER, Szc’y. CHICAGO, ILI. F. V. BRIESEN, National Wire & rn (0 sevr-openino BOLLES’ SELF-UPENING GATE. : IRON GATE. Cheapest and Best in the World. 82 and 84 Nassau Street, Detroit, MawUracTURERS OF B&ich. . No rods tn the Ne ground to get owt Loit, Used with ordi Bren Bad “ty Gon! Screens Wonther Vanes, beable Fixtures Sample Gate, with Trimmings, on! NEW YORK. & Iron Fences, Renews, Wontar Vang, Sable itares, fet Me ae ponies s co. <—mewry ad —a —_—_ (ar Bend for Catalogue. ~ i” Mention this Paper. He He * Inventors and Sole Manufacturers, Detroit, Mich. A reliable agent wanted - each town, to whom ral inducements will be offered ~ CHICAGO FORGING CO, No. 14 Metropolitan Block, CHICAGO, ILL. AMERICAN AND FOREIGN PATENTS Solicited promptly and at the lowest rates. ho chove eit seppadente Masten Batons Beaided. Cite Wie Fence Rail, waintinaieiie by the HOLLOW CABLE MFG. ©0., Hornelisvilie, N. W. We also manufacture extensively To Manufacturers of | ‘our different sizes Wire Clothes Lines. Send for Circulars and Price Lists. Fire A ' IMPROVEMENTS IN & RVsrwey Sesass, 06 Lake 8., Chicage, Hil. i: Wind ANSON STAGER, » engine, : President . ’ ESTABLISHED 1848. INCORPORATED 1870. oot and Ma- W.H. SWIFT, Builders’ Hardware, &c. chine paris of Pay | + WM. CABBLE EXCELSIOR WIRE MFG. CO., ope Svaees B.L.BROWN, We have the best opportunity for display 43 FULTON STREET, NEW YORK, Agriculturat Imple pete ne and sale of above (toods in this City. Sam- MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF oe seem , Carria, ae roe ples, with lowest prices, solicited. 8 C d | W ® 6 | h, B. D. WASHBURN & co.,/Ula@SS, LOD pper and iron wire uiol Orders for Forgings in {ron or Stee! required to be d 149 & 151 Congress 8t., AND BRASS AND COPPER WIRE, | cute ty em eemeert, of wane Siete BOSTON. Coal and Sand Screens, Riddies, &c. | Petimates furnished upon receipt of sample or patterns of forgings required. (rao Wee a RTT ill Cae Sl Nad Fa - = eS we _ ale. 4 THE IRON AGE. July 17, 1884. 85, 87, 89 & 91 Kim St., New Work. lron and Steel Of every description kept in stock, Agents for Park Brother & Co.'s anised Wire Telegraph and ponee: Galvanized BLACK DIAMOND STEEL. acres ia raph and Fence ; Gelvanise: an sines of Cast and Machinery Steel constantly | Pips Nails, Galvanized Chain. n. Galvanized Iron n hand, ~ PIERSON & CO. CORRUGATED SHEET IRON For Roofing, &e., Galvanized, Plain or Painted 24 to 27 West St., Cor. Morris, Best Charesat, Best Refined and Common NEW YORK CITY. SHEET IRON. “PICKS” of all kinds, Plate and 'l'ank Iron, OFe. +. C. H, No. 1, C. H. No. 1 Flange, Best Flange, ‘“ESOPUS” HORSE SHOE IRON, BEAMS, ANCLES, SHOES. << = Roadster Pp ATENT Pattern. Planished Sheet Iron. Patented March 14th, 1865; Avrilsth, 73; |S$TEEL TOE CALKS. Sept. oth, 1873 ; Oct. 6th, 1874 ; Jan. rx, 1876. JOHN W. QUINCY & C0. Guaranteod fully equal in ali respects tothe! Extra Quality Homogeneous Steel SPIKES. J. 8 SCRANTON, Sales Agent, 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, NEW YORK. 98 William St., New York, Anthracite, Charcoal, Scotch and English Pig Iron. Cuc Nails, Taget .C Copper, ia Lead, and Best Flange Fire Box, Circles. ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF iron Work Galvanized or Tinned to Order. Price list and quotations sent upon application. Sat SS BOILER PLATE by all the prineipal Tees, Channels, Sheets, Plates. FOX & DRUMMOND, | bene ILLOON METAL DEALERS STEEL PLATES, all descriptions. 1 RON & STEEL. & STEEL. RAILWAY AND ROLLING MILL HARRISON &GILLO! = In the Large Cities throughout Cut Nails and Spikes, Plate and Sheet ‘r.| THE UNITED STATES, Iron, all descriptions. 558, S60, s62 WATER ST., & 3c2, 94, 906 CHERRY S8T.., MATERIAL, NEW YORK, have on hand, and offer for sale. the tollowtas 68 Wall Street, NEW YORK. | scotch and American Pig Iron, Wrough t Cast and Machin ae Iron, Car Wheels, Axles and Heavy sone also ola Copper, Compositio' n, Brass, wter, Zine. & JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO., | faz BURDEN’S HORSE SHOES. And at their Offec, 0., Pitesdurem, 111 Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA.| SHOENBERGER & C SYRACUSE MALLEABLE| WHEELING NAILS Laughlin Nail Co., IRON WORKS, Junction Iron Co., SYRACUSE, N.Y. (WY. K. ROSS, Mower and Reaper Castings 97 bine Gecee fe York. and Carriage Irons a Manhattan Rolling Mill. NORWAY IRON SqUAnES ens dnetiiebiicns bonans ‘ "to in. Sees. oe cchteh manus ire lde us to m in. SPECIAL PRICES a. Love. GENERAL ASSO “ULSTER,” : SCATASAUQUA.” -d nA R. M. Co,” SHAFTING, REFINED & COMMON IRON. BANDS, HOOPS & SCROLLS. STEEL OF ALL KINDS. ABEEL BROS., 190 SOUTH 8T 365 WATER 8 T. NEW YORE. PIG IRON, No. 63 Wall St., New York. ULSTER IRON WORKS 90 Broadway, New York. TELEPHONE CALL, “ NASSAU, 379.” — 6s ™ A. R. WHITNEY & CO.,| Tuckerman, Mulligan & Co Burden Best (wed A se J. LEONARD, ieactteaensghatelenastintiietleilaiaiaeanaicinemmatiemmaeenmmneizee . N prietor, Iron and Steel] |CRMICHAEL & EMMENS enw ORK, ) ron PENNSYLVANIA IRON WORKS meen Hen te. ap, gk’ 5 Wem est Lake Bt, Chicago, I. IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATE. arent oe oe &ec, &c. ing sig and i and Union "Tube Tube We Wrought iron HORSE SHOE IRON, Everson, Brown & Co., wean, Ot Sei Steel SECOND AVE., PITTSBURGH, P Ovals, Half Ovals and Fiate. MANUFACTURERS OF ” | KEYSTONE ROLLING MILL, Limited. AGENCIES: PORTAGE TRON CO., Limited, Merchant Iron and Steel. NORWAY STEEL & IRON CO., Homogeneous BAY STATE IRON CO., Tank, Boiler dnd Girder BRANDYWINE ROLLING MILL. Boiler Plates. Boiler Rivets. SRE Gena DANIEL, E, COONEY, eebene weet | H. AIL CO Wire Nails. AND TUBE CO. BOILER PLATES AND SHEET IRON, The Burden Iron Company dts Uidkenanrnten rRON Prices quoted promptly upon application. Pittsburgh, a -_ ~ Pa. CORBUGATED AND CRIMPED !RON/ Bonnell, Botsford & Co., cand and estimates furnished and contracts tion. ‘Books containing cuts of all tron n an bons tion. cuts of all iron made sent application Sain at office. Please address A Mudson'se. New York. bolas Rivets, Angle 7 Tron, Cut Nalls & Spiton pint Iran Works: Lebanon foliing Mills, “Chester | __ Cov’ celebrated TAR A I Seite Box Plates. . Troy, N. Y. ULSTER BORDEN & LOVELL, ae ES Commission Merchants, |C.W. LEAVITT & co,*ke%°¢2i2" BURDEN’S tris. eraeere”| Iron, Nails & Spikes. 70.871 West St | RAILS, LOCOMOTIVES “AND CARS. | H. B. & §. Bar rom.) te: on see sn, t00r co soeathideds tad ddles, Ain Ht Ornon of LESSOR SUS IRON ae 3. lO t Ges | — sew yore. Agents for the sale of Fall River tron Co.’s Nalis, Bands, Hoops & Rods, AND Oceana Aomert: » HRS Ea cee ai-<o.| American & English Refined Iron. B. F. JUDSON, a a PR Si EGLESTON BROS, & CO., Borden Mining Company’s| E> 1 EE OM») ay warace £ C0 KIRKPATRIOK oe Cco., EINE Snap IRONS, mee eat Cumberland Coals. Wrought & Cast Scrap Iron, HOG RINGER coreg pscaneederengechtveetengeltntionttndickta tlc, RINGS ard voucHT & wittiams,|; OLD METALS. ee gre deae ne ap MACHINERY, TIRE AND|ii32%52 Scat St; NEW YORK. ‘Taam xonm ore.” | Sang a Tha one ING STE STE SEL. DARLING. BROWN & SHARPE'S Wu. H. Wattace, Wa. Bispmam. F.C. WAuLAct.| Ringers, 7<c. Rings, soc. 100, Hold - CHAMBERS, BERING & ¢ Exclusive Manufacturers tur, Clay Crucible Cast $ Steel Fine Machinists? Tools ee eee nm 88 Gneenwice Street, NEW YORK. ALWAYS IN STOCK At Manufacturers’ Prices. EY IMPORTED & AMERICAN M. H. BELCHER, PIG IRON. |_*Srsnerns" LAKE SUPERIOR CHARCOAL IRON,|, WM. McFARLAND, NEW CHAMPION FORCE PUMP Vacuum Chamber and Air Chamber, BOLT & RIVET CLIPPERS. Per cutting off the ends of Bolts and nd, Revete, cn em For Malleable and Car-Wheel Purposes, os Ag ime Iron and Brass Founder, | sms. Sa Da Sour ara or ted or Sr Si swstevat Mie bun tein cok oo TRENTON, N. J charge. Works smoother and than other force pump CHARLES HIMROD & CO., | chi bat CHAMBERS, BROTHER &00., i te Be +»|Chilled Cast Wire Dies a Specialty. 524 St., below Lancaster Ave., out of order. " With Hose 4. it fo valuable as & CHICAGO AND DETROIT. Phil . ection, or wns, It is Any size or style made at short notice. adeiphia, Pa Specially vor ab Linde wells dug, driled or driven Vajen'’s Patent Reversible Plumb Bob. Point and Cap Interchangeable. Pat. Nov. 14, 1882, This new and perfect Phumd Bod, des: all tthe igned to > overcome bobs, is capa- bi e oo t ben oad onl ny ‘adjusted seoang CLARK’S IMPROVED Ratchet Stocks, Dies & Pipe Vises FOR USE BY Plumbers, Gas Fitters and Pump Dealers. PASSAIC ROLLING MILL CO., and have always in stock ROLLED IRON BEAMS, Ohannels, Angles, Tees, Merchant a Riveted Work, Forgings, Bye Bars, £0, PATERSON, N. J. Sac grains, Beaman threaded | Roem 45, Astor House, New Teck. ee eta fs eo one that woul id en inacceaibe wich othe took yi oe ’ pe for a bob, ane & hole tending a &. CLARK BROTHERS, Mfrs., Belmont, N. Y., U. S. A. CUT NAILS. Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &c. DOVER IRON CO’S » te Joun J. SPowEns, President. ALEXANDER Buans, Manager. THE JERSEY CITY GALVANIZING CO., CALVANIZED ) MATERIAL OF E EVERY DESCRIPTION. be e Galvanised sheet iron—Bost bloom, Beet Refined, Coton. Galvani Round, Square Band and ER RFR nto aore ne gue eda erate ata Ive ts, |:Sheeens| oS E Boiler Brace J Sock Ey ET ct Clsoegsiaas omen B VAJEN & NEW, Indi } dak “ ace Jaws, Socket Bolts, &c. wea bee caine | FULLER BROTHERS & CO., 139 Greenwich Street, New York. Cc cerugnted Sheet Wee s Gpecially, Galvenined, Bach ant Fatntes. irom Corrugated for the Trade. WORKS GREEN AND BAY STREETS, JERSEY CITY, WN. 1. OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE, 98 JOHN STREET, NEW YORK i> et if if seske © July 17, 1884, THE IRON AGE. 5 WILLIAM R. HART & CO., AMERICAN AND FOREIGN PIG IRON, SPIEGELEISEN, Stee Blooms, Crop Ends, Tin Plates, &c. Manufacturers’ Agents sheet ye Car Wheels, Boiler and Sheet Iron and General Railway juipments, Old Ralls, Axles, and ‘ra and Wheels bought and sold. No, 224 South Third St. PHILADELPHIA. 934 &. 4th St., Philadelphia. Heavy Rails, Light Rails, Railway F'astenings, STREET Cambria Iron Co., Office, Works, 218 South Fourth St., Johnstown, Philadelphia, Pa. Pennsylvania. THE PHCNIX IRON CO., 410 Walnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. ufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. Largely WROUCHT IRON ROOF TRUSSES, GIRDERS a k JOISTS, and all kinds of Iron Framing used in the construction of Fire Proof Bull PATENT WROUGHT IRON COLUMNS, WELDLESS ‘EYE BARS, and built up shapes fo Iron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and covery variety of SHAPER IRON made to order. Plans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. NEW YORK AGENTS, MILLIB EN & SMITH, 95 Liberty Street. BOSTON AGENTS, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ALAN WOOD & CO., MANUFACTURERS OF Patent Planished, Galvanized, Common, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charcoal Bloom PLATE cc SHEET IRON, ALSO LIGHT PLATES AND SHEETS OF STEEL, No. 519 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. solicited especially for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water Pipe, Smoke Stack, = _ ae and Boat et Last, Stamping, Ferrule, Locomotive Headlight and Jacket Iron. 206 S. Fourth St., Philadelphia. 61 Pine St., New York, NEW AND CLD RAILS, BLOOMS, BESSEMER PIC, Crop Ends, Spiegeleisen, Iron Ores and Railroad Supplies Generally. AGENTS IN THE UNITED STATES FOR THE NORTH LONSDADE IRON & STEEL CO., Limited, Bessemer Pig (ron, brand ‘* Ulverston ;” Malleable Pig Iron, brand "U. a MOSS BAY HEMATITE IRON & STEEL CO., —, Spiegeleisen, Crop Ends, &c. “a Malleable Charcoal Iron an Ati Te Ave for “Lorn” Malletle Charl PE 1 Se & CO. Dinas Fire Bric APO OEJAS. ROWLAND & CO, Kensington Iron, Steel & Nail Works, 920 North Delaware Ave., - PHILADELPHIA, ANVIL BRAND REFINED MERCHANT BAR IRON. Also, the James Rowland & Co. Konnngon sate from te er Sa rhs to PENCOYD IRON WORKS. A. c P. ROBERTS «cc CO., MANUFACTURERS OF BEAMS, CHANNELS, DECK BEAMS, ANGLES, TEES, PLATES, MERCHANT BAR. SHAFTING AND ROLLED OR HAMMERED AXLES OF IRON OR STEEL. Office, No, 26 8. Fourth St., Philadelphia, _ Agents for the sale of Glawnorgan Pig Iron. J. W. PAXSON & CO.. MOULDING SAND, 1021 North Delaware Avenue, PHILADELPHIA, PA., LEAD FAOING, RIPDLES, SHOVELS, STEEL BRUSHES. THE ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILLS, Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn Tables. OHAROOAL FACING, ANTHRACITE FACING, SOAPSTONE, X MINERAL, XxX MINERAL, [XL FACING, General Office, 237 South Third St., Philadelphia. Works at Allentown, Pa. SHENANDOAH IRON, LUMBER, MINING & MFG. CO., MANUFACTURERS OF sSUPERIORNR COKE PIG IRON FROM NEUTRAL HEMATITE ORES. Also CHARCOAL PIG IRON AND BLOOMS FROM SAME ORES. Works at MILNES, PAGE CO., VA. Treasurer's Office, 132 WALNUT 8T., PHILADELPHIA. JUSTICE COX, JH., & CO., Sales Agents, 334 South 4th St., Philadelphia. | HENRY LEVIS & CO., | Hdward J. Htting, IRON BROKER anp COMMISSION MERCHANT, 29223 S. Third St., Philadelphia, Pa. Pig, Bar and Railroad tron. OLD nesee. SORAP, &o. Agent for the MOUNT SAVAGE FIRE BRICK, The Allentown Iron Co. and the Greenwood Rolling Mill. waTORAGE WHARF AND YARD DELAWARE AVENUE ABOVE CALLOWGILL STREET connected by track with railroad. 4 Cash advances made on Iron. Jas. G. Linpsay. Tuos, S. Parvin. . LINDSAY, PARVIN & CO., Successors to Luoyp & Linpsay, 328 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. Iron Ship and Bridge Builders’ Materials, Stee! | 924 and Iron Shapes and Bars, Sheet fron, Sheet Ste el, Pig Iron, Muck Bars, Plate Girders for Bridges and Buildings. Contracts placed for Iron Structures. ——— J. 0. RICHARDSON, No. 232 Dock S8t., Philadelphia, DEALER IN Pig tron, Merchant Bar tron and Iron Ores. illest Riicttenditnemninnsiened Ethelbert W atts. Jos. C. Poulterer. STRGLERRT WATTS & Co., ron Brokers and nd Commission Merchants, Offices, No. wd Third Street, Phila. CORNW. NALL ORE Da ANK CO. oP IRON ORES. VESTA WRN AGE, tian { PI@ IRO A N. Messrs. EVERETT arosree Chicago and St. Louis,’ PIG LEAD & SPELTER. Cerrespondence Solicited. S. F. SHARPLESS & CO., Se'ling Agents and Commission Merchants FOR THE SALE OF Pig, Bloom, Plate, Bar, Scrap, Galvanized, Black, Sheet, Pipe and Railroad IRON, NO. 220 SOUTH THIRD ST., PHILADELPHIA. Charcoal Bloom and Pig a Specialty. L. & R. WISTER & CO., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 230 So, 4th S8t., Philadelphia. AGENTS Kemble and Norway Founiry and Forge Pig Iron. Wyebrooke C, B. Charcoal Pig Iron. DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF SCRAP IRON. MORRIS, WHEELER & CO., IRON, STEEL & NAILS. WAREHOUSE and OFFICES, | SALES OFFICES 16th & Market Sts., 400 Chestnut St., PHILA., PA. PHILA., PA. New Work Address, 14 OLIFF sT. REUBEN HAINES, OoOBnREBMIiIstgT, 738 Sansom St., Philadelphia. Analysis of Ores of Iron and other Metals, Tron and Steel. Assay of Gold and ilver Ores. Water Anal > > Manuf’ing and Househ: JUSTICE COX, Jr. CHARLES KE. BARNS. JUSTICE COX, JR, & CO., AGENTS FOR CHICKIES, CONEWAGO, MONTGOMERY ANT SHENANDOAH Foundry & Forge Pig Iron. CARBON gnOtLane MILL CO., Limited, t Quality Muck Bar. CATASAUQUA MFG. CO,’S Bar, Angie, Skelp and Sheet Iron. Shenandoah (Va.) Best Charcoal Blooms. No. 224 So. Fourth 8t., PHILADELPHIA, JEROME KEELEY & CO., 906 Walnut Place, Philadelphia. SELLING AGENTS FOR CHARCOAL and ANTHRACT LOO: BAK IRON, SHEET IRON CUEEL and I ON Ratt x IRON CLAD STEEL RAILS and B HEMATITE IRON ORES FIRE BRICK COAL and -OKE. MUCK BARS. Handle Old Son and Steel Ralls, Scrap Iron &c. Examin of Iron and. Coal properties. Se E. H, Wilson. A. Kaiser. J. B. M. Hirons, E. H. WILSON & CO., 23230 Seuth Third Street, Philadelphia. BROKERS AND DEALERS IN IRON AND’ STEEL. Correspondence solicited. J. W. HOFFMAN & CO., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 208 South Fourth St., Philadelphia, SELLING AGENTS. PINE IRON WORKS, Pine Brand Plat IRON CO., Plates and Muck Bars ; SPRANG. BrERL « IRON CO, (Limited), Siemens-Martia (O — Universal and Sheared Plates: on. Hearch) hapes. JNO. L, HOGAN, RICH'D M, ELLIOT. HOGAN & ELLIOT, Iron Commission Merchants, arr & 413 WALNUE ST., PHILADELPHIA. Foundry, Forge ‘and Bessemer PIG IRON, Blooms, Muck Bar, Skelp Iron, Iron Ores. Spiegeleisen, Old Rails, Wrought and Cast Scrap. Brier Hill Iro aif Goal Go ‘Pig er D Co Iron Mount Hope Special Strength Charcoal Pig Iron. Conne rene Coke. Correspondence solicited ANDOVER PIG LRON, FOR BEST MILL PRODUCTS. Andover Ohill Iron for Oarwheels, 0. Each marked exact chill depth ines, a. Wal snes b bon’ ote SS ree to 36 F. A. Comiy, Treas. J. Wes_ey PuLimas, Agent. 407 Walnut &., PHILADELPHIA. J. J. MOHR, Sole Agent for Sheridan, Leesport, Temple, Lynchburg, Millcreek and Mt. Laurel FOUNDRY & FORGE PIG IRON, CHARCOAL PIG IRON. 480 Walnut St., PHILADELPHIA, PA, TESTED BRADLEE & CO., EMPIRE CHAIN WORKS, $16 Richmond 8t., - CHAINS, - PHILADELPHIA. MANUFACTURERS OF THE Celebrated “ D. B. G.” Special Crane and Dredging Chains. Careful attention given to Special Dimension Chains and those requiring extra Strength and Wearing Qualities. CUMBERLAND NAIL AND IRON CO. MANUFACTURERS OF “Cumberland” Nails and Wrought Iron Pipe, 43 North Water Street and 44 North Delaware Avenue, PHILADELPHIA. J. TATNALL LEA & CO.,, Buccessors to CABEEN & OO., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, No. 4200 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. BESSEMER, MILL AND FOUNDRY PIG IRON, SKELP IRON, MUCK AND SCRAP BARS NATIVE AND FOREIGN ORES. AGENTS FOR CONNELLSVILLE COKE. Rods, &c. LOCOMOTIVE AND CAR-WHEEL TIRES Manufactured from the celebrated OTIS STEEL BRAND F¢ STANDARD Z Quality and eee fully guaranteed. Prices as low as any of the same q Light Forgings, Driving na Car Axles, Crank Pins, We manufacture seere and THE STANDARD STEEL WORKS, Works at LEWISTOWN, PA. - 220 &. 4th 8t., Philadelphia, Pa. BOOTH, CARRETT & BLAIR, ANALYTICAL AND CONSULTING CHEMISTS, 919 and 921 Chant St. 10th St. above Chestnut St.), Philadelphia, Pa. Established in 1836. Analyses of Ores, Waters, Metals and Alloys of all kinds. A special department for the ANALYSIS OF IRON AND STEEL, Price lisa ca appcatioa, Aine in ot ine epee oot a 22 not ot ee analysis of Baltimore.” Price font 0 es tee tee ao (Continued from Page 1.) The current from this thermopile passed through the coils of a reflecting galvanom- eter, the mirror of which reflected a vertical line of light upon a cardboard scale extend- ing all across the theater; this scale ex- tended from the boiling point of water to the absolute zero of temperature. On plung- ing one end of the thermopile in melting i ice and the other in snow carbonic acid in ether, it was seen that the boiling point of carbonic acid was — 80° C. (— 130° F.) The index re- mained steadily at that part of the scale. Professor Dewar then diminished the tem- rature by reducing the pressure of the air. When the ether and melting carbonic acid were subjected to the action of the air pump the temperature fell to — 110°C. (— 166° F.), the lowest temperature which Faraday was able to gain with his appliances. About the lowest temperature obtainable by the use of solid carbonic acid is — 115° C. (— 175° F.). After the time of Faraday the greatest discoveries in relation to the liquefaction of gases have heen made by Andrews, who dis- covered that every substance has a critical temperature, and he made an absolutely correct record of the pressures, temperatures and volumes of gases. Professor Dewar then exhibited some liquid carbonic acid near its critical point when just changing into gas ; the tube, a magnified image of which was projected on the screen, seemed to be full of moving strie. He next exhibited an allo- tropic form of oxygen, bisuphide of car- bon at an extremely low temperature being charged with ozone, which dissolved in it without oxidizing it, and formed a deep-blue solution, which became colorless by evapora- tion of ozone. If the temperature rises suffi- ciently, combination takes place with ex- plosive violence. Ozone is a blue-colored gas which can be condensed at very low tem- eratures, and is soluble in carbonic acid and isulphide of carbon. Nitrous oxide is fluid at a little lower temperature than carbonic acid, and under the air pump it becomes solid ; its boiling point is — 100° C (— 148° F.) most useful substance for producing low temperatures is liquid ethyline, which had never been previously used in any quantity at the Royal Institution, but on the occasion now under notice Professor Dewar had about 5 pounds weight of it, at a pressure of about 100 atmospheres, made during a fort- night, and contained in an iron bottle sur- rounded by ice and salt, for it will not re- main liquid above 10° C. (50° F.) Ethylene is one of the chief illuminating constituents of coal gas ; it can be condensed into a tran- sparent liquid within certain ranges of temperature. The liquid boils at a lower temperature than carbonic acid, and in vacuo a ives a temperature lower than any ever before produced in the presence of a Royal Institution auditory. Torpedo Experiments, Two experiments with fully-charged White- head torpedoes, says London Jron, have been made by two vessels of the Channel Squadron at Bantry Bay. The steam pinnance of the Minotaur discharged a Whitehead torpedo at a large rock at the head of the bay. The machine ran at arate of 13 knots an hour, being loaded with a charge of 117 pounds of gun-cotton. It was adjusted to run 400 yards, and was discharged when the pin- nace was about 300 yards from the rock. The torpedo, a 15-inch one, weighed 600 nds. It struck the face of the rock 7 eet from the surface, and threw up about 30 tons of water to a hight of 300 feet, also several pieces of rock. The result of the experiment was considered most satisfac- tory, the more so as the rock was very un- favorable for the purpose, containing a number of crevices and presenting no even surface such as a ship would. The base of the rock was nearly destroyed, large pieces being disconnected. The second experiment, conducted by the Neptune, was not success- ful ; the machine did not go fair and missed. It ran its full course of 400 yards and k. Velocity of Sound in Air. Mr. Blaikley, who read a paper some time ago before the Physical Society, on the velocity of air in tubes of fine bore, has, says Mngineering, made some further experi- ments on the matter, and obtained several interesting results. The velocity of sound in air decreases with the bore in a fairly regular manner. Thus, with a tube of 11.4 mm. (about % inch) in diameter the velocity was only 324.28 m. (1063.6 feet) per second, whereas with a tube 68.2 mm. (about 3% inches) in diameter the velocity was 330.13 m. (1082.8 feet), or very nearly that in free air. Mr. Blaikley finds that the best pipes or tubes to use for his purpose were those in which the upper proper tones are in har- monic order, or, better still, those in which they were far removed from the harmonic order, or in other words dissonant. Globe Lightning. by WC. De case of globe lightning is related C. Decharme, a report of which ap- net in @ recent issue o Engineering : On the evening of February 24th, a rain and hail storm passing over Amiens, sud- denly startling the inhabitants by one most vivid and unexpected electric flash, imme- diately followed by violent thunder. This flash appears to have resolved itself into a number of glowing, but harmless, globules. For this division of the lightning M. De- charme has only one witness, who states that he saw the brilliant mass burst asunder and descend in various directions. The globules, however, were observed at seven different places, the most extreme being almost a mile apart, and were always seen under very similar circumstances. The lightning struck the theater, and pierced one window with an oblon, hole about an inch long, the edges of which were very brittle, but not fused; it passed then as a small glowing ball of a bluish tint behind the scenes, narrowly missing several actors. It finally ‘disa peared with a slight explosion, doing no further damage, and leaving no traces whatever. A similar flame was ob- served in two houses, which it entered proba bly through the open windows, At another place a woman standing at the open door saw a bluish flame, as big as an egg, fall from the rain-pipe ; it exploded like a gun. The terrified woman rushed into the kitchen, and had time enough to sit down before she heard the violent thunder which startled the whole RETR lt EP Se ‘a LJ “ie i eee ee Se a sn a a "? ee rl + ae 6 THE IRON AGE. July 17, 1884. A. EX. McNEAL,, (4582S HERNSHEDM & CO. os eS 16 & 18 Exchange Place, NEW YORK. BURLINGTON, N Jd. | WROUGHT IRON STEEL RAILS, BLOOMS AND WIRE RODS, Boiler Tubes, Bessemer, Scotch and Charcoal Pig Iron, . FERROMANCANESE SPIECEL IRON, SCRAP IRON, &c., &c. Steam, Gas and Water Pipe. Oil Well Tubing, Casing and BRITTON IRON AND STEEL CO., LINE PIPE. MANUFACTURERS OF IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATE, ; Cotton Presses, Forgings, ROLLING MILL AND Tank, Bridge and Ship Plates, General Machinery. “Stat St Gee | AM BLACK AND GALVANIZED SHEET IRON. Works foot of Wason St., cor, L. S. & M. S. R. R. CLEVELAND, O. FLANGE PIPES. ‘OM MpUNOy jeJauay HEAVY STEEL AND IRON FORCINGS, For Marine and Stationary Engines. Homogeneous Steel Boiler Plate, “Nashua” Brand. Best YORKSHIRE BAR, ** TAWLOR » IRON, for Stamped Work, Screws, etc., etc. MUSHET SPECIAL TOOL STEEL, requires neither tempering nor hardening. Estimates given. casT IRON PIPES, FOR WATER AND CAS. ESTABLISHED IN 1848, SINGER, NIMICK & 60., Limited, PITTSBURGH, PA., MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF HAMMERED AND ROLLED STEEL. Produced. Established - - - 1861. TEEOMAS OC. Agent for Jas. R. Thompson & Co., on ST RT Warranted Equal to any REST REFINED TOOL CAST STEEL C ALUMET IRON & STEEL C0 =9 For Edge and Turning Tools, Taps, Dies, Drills, Punches, Shear- Knives, Cold-Chisels and Machinists’ Tools generally. SAW PLATES For Circalar, Mulay, Mill, Gang, Drag, Pit and Cross-Cut Saws. Sheet steel For Springs, Billet Web and Hand Saws, Shovels, Cotton Gin Saws, Stampi