The Iron Age 1884-03-06: Vol 33 Iss 10

INDEX TO READING MATTER. PAGE 40. Vol. XXXIV: No ro. Standard Forms of Test Bars and Plates. The adoption of standard forms of test- | pieces for bars and plates formed the subject | | | Engineers. Mr. William Hackney, the au- | agreed. thor, among other things remarked that, in sults were obtained, depending upon the form of the test-piece employed. The sample that one engineer would define as stretching nearly 44 per ferent form, as stretching less than 28 per cent. In fact, to obtain from any bar of metal relatively high percentages of ultimate stretching, all that was needed was to use short or thick test-pieces. Mr. J. Barba had shown, in a paper published in the ‘‘ Mé- moires de la Société des Ingénieurs Civils,” in 1880, that test-pieces of the same form, namely, in which the ratio of length to diam- eter was the same, gave the same percentage of ultimate stretching, whatever their size might be ; but that in those of equal length but differing in diameter, or of equal diam- eter but of different lengths, the percentages of ultimate stretching varied very much. Notwithstanding the extent to which the result obtained in testing a sample of ductile metal was thus affected by the proportions of the test-piece used, no standard dimensions or proportions for such pieces had been generally adopted, and those in common use varied very much. Sir Joseph Whitworth, for instance, advocated the use of a test- piece .798 inch in diameter by 2 inches long, or 2.51 diameters long, and the test- piece in use at Woolwich Arsenal was 3.75 diameters in length. From these proportions the ratio of length to diameter was increased in the test-pieces adopted by different engi- neers, especially on the Continent, to 10, or even more. The ultimate stretching of test- pieces cut from the same kar of mild steel, similar in form at the ends and of these dif- ferent p rtions, would be as shown in the table. The proportions of the strips, in which plates and flat bars were tested, had almost as great an influence on the per- centages of ultimate stretching as had the proportions of cylindrical test-pieces, and those in general use varied nearly as much. Ratio of length Ultimate stretching to diameter. per cent. 2.51 44.5 3.75 37.5 10.00 28.2 Mr. Barba showed that in the case of pieces cut by lathe or planing machine from the same bar of metal, the law of similarity— that was, the law that test-pieces similar in form gave the same percentage of ultimate extension, whatever their size—was as strictly true in the case of flat as in that of cylindrical test-pieces. The effect on the percentage of stretching of the transverse dimensions of an ordinary strip of plate or flat bar was not so great in the case of a cylindrical test-piece, as in the strip, what- ever might be the width, the thickness re- mained always that of the piece of metal tested. Test-strips of mild-steel plates, .5 inch thick and about 1.4 inches wide, that stretched 27.5 per cent. in a length of 8 inches, stretched 37.3 per cent. if the measured portions were only 2 inches long ; and in rather harder plates, which stretched 20 per cent. in a length of 8 inches, the ex- tension in 6 inches was 25 per cent., and in 4 inches about 32 per cent. The test-strips used at the Crewe Works of the London and Northwestern Railway Company were only 2 inches long, and those employed in some tests of boiler plates made at Sheerness Dockyard in 1875, and at Chatham Dock- ard in 1879, were 4 inches long ; but the length of test-strips adopted for plates, both in this country and abroad, was almost universally 8 inches. The impossibility of comparing the results of tests made by different experimenters of the ultimate stretching of metals, in the ab- sence of standard forms of test-pieces, had long been felt by engineers, and had led to the adoption of several alternative methods of comparing their relative toughnesses. When a bar of ductile metal was stretched to breaking, it at first extended equally from end to end, with each successive increment of load, until the maximum load that it could carry had been reached, and up to this point | often began to draw down simultaneously in the percentage of stretching was absolutely independent of the proportions of the test- piece used. This percentage of extension would thus appear to be the most important in comparing the structural values of metals, and to be that which should be always the most particularly noted; but, practically, testing in this way would be more tedious than the ordinary mode of loading the piece until it broke and then measuring the elon- gation after fracture, so that in ordinary technical and commercial work this latter plan would alwavs be preferred. Another method that had been adopted to a considerable extent for obtaining com- parable measurements of the toughness of metals without using test-pieces of uniform proportion had been to measure, not the linear stretching, but ths percentage of con- traction of area at the point of fracture. | several parts of its length. The use of com- paratively short test-pieces of some standard forms seemed thus to be the best method of making tests of the quality of bars and plates of ductile metal that could be em- ployed. The length of 8 inches in the testing of plates was the only dimension of test- piece that appeared to be generally adopted, and as it was very desirable that the stand- ard forms for cylindrical and for flat test- pieces should be such that the same metal might give the same percentage of stretch- ing, whether tested in the one shape or in the other, this length, with a convenient width and an average thickness, might well | be taken as the standard form, and that for | cylindrical test-pieces be determined by ex- periment, so as to correspond with it. The effect of hammering or rolling in in- creasing the toughness of metals was so Practical objections, however, to this were | marked that, in determining theshape of the A third mode of obtaining comparable | breaking test-pieces of the same quality of | results in testing by tension would be to use tough metal by direct tension, varying re-| very long test-pieces and to reject the per- | centages of stretching near to the point of | fracture ; but this would be expensive, and often inconvenient or even impracticable, | fracture nearly as much as the other. cent. before fracture was | and would not always give accurate results, ; classed by another, using a test-piece of dif- for a long bar, when stretched to breaking, | | | point of fracture should be taken to be.| from metal more drawn down than the | Whether on account of the difficulty of | }accurate measurement, or owing to the per- | centage of contraction of area not being ex-| plates and rivet bars it was found that actly proportional to that of stretching, it| metal of the same quality stretched nearly of an instructive paper read at a recent | was certain that the results obtained by the 3 1 meeting of the British Institution of Civil |two modes of measurement seldom precisely thin. Willy | iN f “eo qj oe me Ya i] TILE) == THT HMA a. Fr al eee ee rs mate stretching, whatever their size, it other. This increase in the toughness of iron and steel explained the fact that in testing BY ARTHUR V. ABBOTT, C. E. as much in test-pieces of the same length, whether the bars and plates were thick or The use of a test-piece § inches long was a more severe trial for a thinner than for a thicker plate ; but the toughness of the former had been so much increased by the greater amount of rolling to which it had been subjected that the one stretched before As test-pieces similar in form had been found to give the same percentage of ulti- Published every Thursday Morning by Davi Wiittams, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. New York, Thursday, March 6, 1884. Machinery for Physical Tests.* use for the past two years. Fig. 1.—Perspective View of Testing Machine. MACHINERY FOR PHYSICAL TESTS OF MATERIAL. ratory to engineers and investigators, Mr. might be better to define the standard cylin- | Abbott proceeded as follows : drical test-piece rather as being of a certain form than of a ae length. This would facilitate the adoption of the same form by engineers of different countries using different units of measure. In testing plates and bars, such as rivet bars, which were reduced to the size of the test-piece by hammering or rolling, it would be best to re- tain, as at present, one length of test-piece, whatever the transverse dimensions. In fix- ing the standard forms, the effect on the per- centage of stretching of the distance from the datum points of the test-pieces of the shoulders or enlargements at the ends by which they were to be fixed in the testing machine should not be vverlooked. The enlargement might | begin, for instance, half a diameter beyond | each datum point, and its radius of curvature | might also be half a diameter. The whole} subject of the testing of metals by tension | ‘* Five qualities are necessary to a suc- cessful testing machine : ‘*y, There must be a mechanism for pro- ducing stress up to the largest size of speci- mens that it is wished to test, and this mech- anism must be sufficiently heavy and rigid to produce the stress without any distortion or undue straining of any of its parts. We present to our readers herewith an illustrated extract from a very interesting paper read by Mr. A. V. Abbott at the recent meeting of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, on the subject of physical tests of material, embod; ing the description of a testing machine designed by the author for there rests the Department of Tests and Experiments of ( Messrs. Fairbanks & Co., of this city, andin structure an exceedingly solid and firm After a few introductory remarks in rela- tion to the importance of a mechanical labo The Iron Age A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. INDEX TO ADVERTISMENTS. PAGE 39 84.560 a Year, Including Tostage Single Coptes, Ten Cents. ‘‘In Fig. 1 a perspective view of the ma- chine now employed in the Department of Tests and Experiments is given, and which it is hoped may be found to present some improvements on former machines. From this illustration it will be seen that the machine stands on two cast-iron legs, which may be supported by any suitable foundation that is sufficiently strong to hold the weight of the structure. On these cast-iron legs a framework of wrought-iron I-beams, so constructed as to give the entire basis. On this framework of I-beams a system of levers is arranged in a manner very similar to that of ordinary platform scales, only proportioned to successfully with- stand the severe stresses that come on it from the shocks and other use of the machine. These levers support a secondary framework, also constructed of I-beams and carrying on its top four long columns. On | the top of these columns stands a heavy cast- ling, trom which are suspended two side- screws, sustaining the top cross-head of the |testing machine, to which one end of the specimen to be examined may be attached. | These screws are used as a rapid and con- venient means of adjustment, so that long or short specimens may be rapidly accommo- dated. It will be noticed that this entire system—namely, the adjusting screws and j top cross head—is supported entirely upon jthe upper framework of I-beams, forming |the platform of the testing machine, Be- jneath the top cross-head will be noticed a second cross-hcad—also supported on two screws, which are placed inside the adjust- ing screws previously alluded to. These screws, carrying the lower cross-head, ex- tend downward through the platform and are attached to worm-gears firmly secured tu the under side of the bottom framework. [he worm-gears may be rotated in either di- ‘ection at the pleasure of the operator by means of the belt and a series of gears shown at the extreme right hand of the cut, Fig. 1. ‘*The system of worm-gears and screws forms the straining mechanism of the ma- chine, capable of applying any desired stress up to 200,000 pounds. Great care is taken in the construction of the machine, so that uo part of this mechanism whatsoever shall touch or in any way come in contact with the platform of the machine, save solely and -imply through the specimen to be tested. Consequently, no matter how much the lower cross head be run up and down, no effect whatsoever will be produced on the platform unless this cross-head be attached thereto by means of the specimen, and hence all the stress produced by the cross- head on the platform must necessarily pass through the specimen, and only this amount and no other can be estimated on the weigh- ing beam o* the machine. ‘* Figs. 2 and 3 represent longitudinal and transverse sections of the testing machine. Here will he seen standing on the floor the cast- iron legs a a’, supporting the framework of I-beams b b b b. On these I-beams there stand at each end two solid cast-iron blocks that support, hanging by two loops, the main levers cc. On the center pivot of these levers stand two castings, b’' and b’’, that carry the foundation I-beams b’ of the platform. On the top of these beams there is arranged a series of eight smaller beams, ec, that in their turn support the columns J J, that carry the top castings with the ad- justing screws h, and also the two longitud- inal beams A A, for supporting the trans- verse anvil blocks 40. The other end of the main levers ¢ ¢ is attached, by means of their extreme pivots and loops, to the centcal levers ee. These levers carry the strain imparted to the platform to the end-lever f, whence it is carried to the beam, where it may be estimated by sliding the poises to and fro until a balance is obtained. It will also be noviced that between the lower I-beams of the frame there is placed a heavy casting, k’. This casting supports the main driving-screws k, to which the lower cross-head C is attached. These screws are kept in their place by a small collar placed on the top of the I-beams, and by a worm-gear and a heavy nut on the under side of the casting k’. These worm- gears are rotated by means of the worms and the lower shaft /. This lower shaft is con- | nected at the left-hand of the machine with | a series of gears and a tight or loose pulley, | driven by a belt / (Fig. 3). The object of these gears is to communicate different speeds of rotation to the driving-shaft J, so that the testing machine may be be driven at varying speeds at the pleasure of the oper ator, aud that the cross-head may be moved up and down at such rates of speed as his judgment may deem the best for the specimen under examination. At the right hand of these gears may be seen a set of reversing gears very similar to those employed in the ‘*2. A contrivance for accurately estimat- | ordinary lathe, so that at pleasure the direc ing or registering the amount of stress ap- tion of the motion of the cross-head may be plied to the piece under examination. ‘* 3, A method for recording both the stress and its effects on the test-piece simultane- ously. **4. Such appliances to the testing ma- chine as shall enable the stress to be applied in any desired manner, and to any wished-for shape of test-piece, and, ** 5, The ability of the machine itself to be easily and frequently tested, so that its | changed from up to down, or vice versa. The transverse section of the machine (Fig. 3) may also make the weighing system more plain. Here the two levers cc may be seen | attached by their loops to the center lever e, the I-beams J and b, standing on the pivots of the main levers, supporting in turn the I-beam ¢, and the columns and adjusting screws carrying the cross-head. It will be very obvious that the main screws carrying the lower cross-head pass entirely through | that the contraction of area could be much cylindrical test-piece that would give the same | seems to be well worthy of consideration. Ifa record may hold the confidence of the com- less accurately measured than the increase | percentage of ultimate stretching as the stand- | uniform system of testing could be generally | munity. the platform without touching it at any point, - ‘* Perhaps the action of the machine may be in length, and that, as a tough piece of metal ard form adopted for plates, both shapes | introduced, so that tests made by engineers | often broken irregularly, it might be difficult ' should be cut by lathe or planing machine from in all parts of the world might be directly com- to determine what its exact diameter at the the same bar, so that one might not be made parable, the advantage would be very great. | * Read at the annual meeting of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, Cincinnati, Ohio, February 1884. now fully understood by supposing a test- (Continued on page 5.) _ SS 2 THE ILRON AGE. ANSONIA BRASS AND COPPER CoO., MANUFACTURERS OF PURE COPPER WIRE, For Electrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. Waterbury Brass Co, CAPITAL, $400,000. Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, CERMAN SILVER, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, COPPER RIVETS AND BURS, BRASS KET1LES, Door Rail, Brass Tags, PERCUSSION CAPS, POWDER FLASKS, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches Tape Measures, dc. And small Brass Wares of over? Description. Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. Sole Agents for the Capewell Mfg. Co.’s Line of Sport- Seamless Brass and Copper Tubing, Sheets, Bolts, Rods, Wire, W.E,. DODGE Pres't. G, P. COWLES, V.-P. and Treas. A. A. COWLES, Secretary. Ansonia Refined Ingot Copper, Anchor Brond ; LAKE INGOT COPPER. 19 & 21 CHM Street, NEW YORK. PHELPS, DODGE & CO., ing Goods. rT IMPORTERS OF DEPOTS, ™ Mills At ' 296 Broadway, New York, |§ WATERBURY. N P L. & T E. 125 Eddy St., Providence, R. I. Conn. ROOFING PLATE, Sheet Iron Copper, Pig Tin, Wire, POPE, COLE & Co. Fs onl BALTIMORE COPPER WORKS, COPPER AND BRASS. No, 57 South Gay St., BALTIMORE, MD., CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. Have always on hand and for sale INGOT COPPER, Also Cakes, of unequaled purity and toughness. SCOVILL MFC CO —_—___—. BRASS, 4INCES WIRE, CERMAN SILVER. PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS. BUTTONS, CLOTH AND METAL. IRON WORKS, Manufacturers of Brass, Gilding Metal, Cop- ROME DEPOTS FACTORIES, 7 419 & 421 Broome St. N.Y. einer tom. per and German Silver nis ae Boston. New Haven, Conn, (In Sheets, Rods, Tubing or Wire), tities ‘ow York Cv. | COPPER & BRASS RIVETS AND BURS. Rome, New York. BROWN & BROTHERS, Waterbury, Conn. DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO., Importers of Tin Plate, Pig Tin, Sheet Iron, Copper, Wire, Zinc, Etc. 29 & 31 Cliff 8t.. cor. Fulton, DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool. NEW YORK. He wew wavew BRASS, COPPER AND GERMAN SILVER COPPER CoO., im Sheets, Hollis, Rods, Wire, Tubing. POLISHED COPPER, === Under Patent of T. James, Sept. 12, 1876. ° ve nay | Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. PATENTED SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER HOUSE BOILERS, warranted to stand 200 Ibs. BRAZIERS & SHEATHING COPPER, |°"""s""! svt! sens vacuum SILVER-PLATED, FLAT TABLE WARE in ricb Kettles, Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, &c. designs. NEW YORK.| GERMAN SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS. 81 Chambers St., N. Y. MANUFACTURERS OF ALSO MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN 290 Pearl Street - A. C. NORTHROP, Waterbury, Conn., NOVELTIES IN BRASS AND OTHER METAL GOODS FOR HARDWARE TRADE. Wrought Iron and Brass Machine Screws; Round and Square Head Ca: a st Screws; Brass and lron Safety ana Jack Ghain, Pan einds, trom Sheet Iron, Steel or Brass. = hain; “aie O Nicks el Plated and Bronze Trimmings of all timates on paten articles, or any d ri promptly given. escription of Sheet Metal work, respectfully solicited ana BRODERICK & BASCOM ROPE 6CO.., MANUFACTURERS OF “WIRE ROPE BRODERICK& BASCOM ROPE Co. IRON WIRE ROPE, STEEL WIRE ROPE. 728 N. Main St., St. Louis, Mo WORCESTER WIRE co. Manufacturers of IRON AND STEEL WIRE git For «ll Purposes. WORCESTER, MASS. |The Plume& Atwood Mfg. Company, MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burs, Copper Electrical Wire, Pins, | Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kerosene Burners, Lamp Trimmings, &c. | 18 Murray Street, New York. 13 Federal Street, Boston. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. Rolling Mill, Factories, THOMASTON, Ct. WATERBURY, Ct. Bridgeport Brass Co., Sheet and Roll Brass, Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing, | Seamless and Brazed Tubing, Copper and Iron Rivets. OILERS and CUSPADORES, | LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, LANTERNS and TRIMMINGS, | KEROSENE BURNERS, Clocks & Fly Fan Movements, | PLUMBERS’ MATERIALS. Particular attention poe to cutting out Blanks aod manufacturing Metal Guods. MANUFACTORY, Bridgeport, Conn Holmes, Booth & Haydens, WATERBURY, CONN. NEW YORE, BOSTON. 49 Chambers St. 18 Federal St. Manufacturers of all kinds of Brass, Copper & German Silver, ROLLED AND IN SHEETS. BRASS & COPPER WIRE, Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs. BRASS & IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL, German Silver Spoons, SILVER PLATED FORKS & SPOONS, Kerosene Burners, &c. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Agents for Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co., Dealers in WAREHOUSE ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, Antimony, Solder & Old Metals. 100 John Street, New York. PASSAIC ZINC C0. Manufacturers of Pure Spelter Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes AND ALL FINE WORK. Also for Galvanizers & Brass Founders. MANNING & SQUIER, Gen’! Agents, 118 Liberty Street, N. ¥ Geo. W. Prentiss 5 Co.., NOL VOSS, MASS. IRON @e WIRE. Also GUN SCREW WIRE 0 ais tat ence ca toate GRANITE ROOFING ( PATENTED ) Naces. Acids and sulphur have no effect on it. ~ | Send for circular and sample. THE GRANITE ROOFING COMPANY, 19 Murray St., N. ¥. | Bright, © Ooppered, Annenioé ané Tin For Steep or Flat Roofs. Felt and Burlap com- = | bined A finished roofing ; easy ro lay, strong, elastic, durable and cheap. Best Roor For Fur- isth and Washington Ave., Philadelphia. CHARLES F. WASHBURN, Vice President & Secretary “Washburn & Moen Mfg. Co, Established, 1831. Capital, $1,500,000 WORCESTER, MASS. + WIRE DRAWERS. Patent Galvanizing, Rolling and Tempering, | “ PHILIP L. MOEN, | MANUFACTURERS OF IRON, AND IRON AND STEEL WIRE. ir Of Every Description. A SPECIALTY MADE OF | | GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH WIRE, GALVANIZED TELEPHONE WI RE, I PATENT STEEL WIRE BALE TIES, j PATENT STEEL BARB FENCING, AND PUMP CHAIN. f N Y 16 nd 241 Pe j ._ammmonnns 2tzapek,Saerae ie ) sal ““NATIONAL WIRE AND LANTERN WORKS.” | Warehenie. 45 Fulton Street, New York. And California Wire Works Co., San F Tinie isco, Cal. Manufactory, Nos, 1197, 1199, 120%, 1203, 1205, 1207, r209 and r2rr De Kalb Avenue, Broo slyn, N. ¥. WARD «& MORSE, MANUFACTURERS OF Wire Cloth un- a y AVY KKK HH) VV AA ib HX) OR iN Wire e Pence, eee: iling Rail ings. No. 12. THE TRENTON IRON CO. TRENTON, NEW JERSEY. Galvanized Wire Settee. No. 16 Foitere Eutep Way Wire Fence, Gusrds oi IRON WIRE, |= STEEL _— Saal - . , | - WIRE : A wine | aT Lond J aes ses COPPERAS. : — ® Sade Be 2A oo ~ sen ae COOPER, HEWITT & CO, 17 Burling Slip. 21 North Fourth Street, New York Office, - - Philadelphia Office, . “ ‘ WIRE ROPE HAZARD eee) Co. WAREROOMS : s7 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK. 2 works: WitEeESHBARRE, FA. This Advertisement Changed Weekly. | IOWA BARB WIRE CO., New York Office, 87 se St. Chicago Office, 89 Lake st. Works—Easton, Pa. MANUFACTURERS OF THE EUREKA TREE & POST HOLE DICCER. rar Et MACRE4DY &§CO.,*New Orieans, La. LIN & FULTON, Baltimore, Md. BAKER & HAMILTON, San Francisco and Sacramento, Cal. s A. LESCHEN & SONS, =x Ss o anes of . S = S&S —+ oc 3 : WIRE eam |: 903 & 905 VN. Wath &., ST. LOTTA, WO. Correspondence invited, SARL ATER Fy LAW RENCE MENDEN LAL, L, Manufacturers’ Agent. HARDWARE SPECIALTIES INTRODUCED @& SOLD. 55 West Fourth Street, CINCINN’ATI, OBTO, nera ent for H lageoia Window Balance, Hemacite Goods, Automatic Awning Fixtures, Bodell Mitering y Agee: and Wilson” s Rolling Stee! Shutters Correspondence solicited. Box 117, Bullders’ Ex hs inge. Factory prices quoted March 6, 1884. NO ae) = el (SUPIEG GW | March 6, 1884 0. LINDEMANN & CO., Manufacturers of Japanned, Brass, Tin Plate: and Wood BIRD CAGES Original inventors and patentees of . Kright Metal Cages constructed without rolder. 254 Peari 81. NEW YORK. THE IRON AGH. 3 CARY & MOEN ’ Manufacturers of STEEL WIRE forall purposes and STEEL SPRINCS of every description. Conductors’ = : : — Flower Stand. Wrought-iron Fence. Chair. Punch, Revolving LLL LLL me THE FRED. J, MEYERS MANUFACTURING CO. COVINGTON, Ky., Manufacturers of WIRE GOODS OF ALL KINDS, Wrought-iron Fencing, Cresting and Hardware Specialties. Send for MMlustrated Catalogue of 1883. OOLLAL LE 2) 9 $359 3 o> Se So 2 < es S $3 <x oo KS So 3 o> Sea $335252 SoS2t235 es S23352 Ks RES eSSSOS SSO pesesee S ms Ss m 4 es eS Ss _ > > bs 4 > 7 a S > 4 > ba a px VEER LEE LELALE LAER AAEA LEAT SSSSSISISSS SS Sh: OE EAE AAAS BELLA AS Window ! = Guard. — : 'S) y LONE AM Z ME irket steel W re, (rtveline Wire, tempered and covered Also Patent Tempered Steel Furniture on seat id on hand, = wu lesa, 236 and 238 West 29th Street, NE Ww VORK, Sand and Gran Riddle. z Wire Counter Railing. Mock ne Bird Cage L | Mt f ’ Hedi MANUFACTURER OF STEEL WIRE oad Of Every Description, for mining purposes, All meshes from 2 to th inch up to rco-mesh made and carned in stock. CLEVELAND, OHIO. Bergen Port Spelter. MINES: WORKS & FURNACES, Lehigh Valley, Pa. Bergen Port, N. J. The only Miners and Manufacturers of PURE LEHICH SPELTER From Lehigh Ore. Especially adapted for Cartridge Metal and German Silver. Also manufacturers of etn at PORT OXIDE ZINC. rior for Liguip Paint on account of its body wearing properties. ‘BERGEN PORT ZINC CO. E. A. FISHER, Agent, 13 Burling Slip, N. Y. | — a ZINC CO., MANUFACTURERS OF PURE SPELTER Made from the Company’s Celebrated | Imperial Zinc Mines. ane te ont Ee ie fore Lo Brass, German ‘iiver and all Fine cite SALES OFFICE PLYMOUTH, MASS. WORKS AND MINES KNOXVILLE, TENN. ADDRESS ALL OrOrFI TO 2 oe EDES, MIXTER & HEALD | G. M. HOTCHKISS & CO... West Haven, Conn., | Brass, Iron & Steel Keys, Locksmiths’ and Bellhangers’ Supplies, HARDWARE SPECIALTIES. {llustrated Catalogue Furnished on Application. | Also Brass and Nickel Plated) Suspender Buckles. NOVELTIES OF ALL KINDS, MADE EITHER OF | SHEET METAL OR wins, 4 ou A SPECIALTY. PETER WRIGHT'S PATENT HOLLOW CABLE MFG. CO., Hornelisville, N. Y. We alsc manufacture extensively f | d ts. r ~ four different sizes Wire Clothes Lines. Send for Circulars and Price Lis PATENT GALVANIZED Chamberlain, Coxe & Millar, Western Agents, 89 Lake St., Chicago, Ill. , STEEL BARB FENCING, ALFRED FIELD & CO., 93 Chambers Street, NEW YORK HEADQUARTERS, a) ere Seca 5 ah arya te RT a | T Witt PAY You) 702 CHESTNUT IRON AND BRASS RIVETS, LUDLOW- SAYLOR WIRE 00. sT. LOUIS, MO. Studs, Pins, Screws, &c., For Manufacturers of Light Hardware. BLAKE & JOHNSON, Waterbury, Conn. | The illustrations shown below are sam- ples of a few of the s "se ke £ plot bc Rfonal i a “aictas ha ~~ a. CLOTH, WIRE ROPE, | STEEL DEPARTMENT of the Cambria Counter Railings, Window Guards, Iron and Wire Fences, Iron Co. * PLAIN AND _BARBED _FENCING WIRE. ESTABLISHED 1837, _ - ENOORPORATED 1876. H. 8. Cass, Sec’y. C. F. Pops, Treas. Waterbury Mfg. Co., WATERBURY, CONN. spected and impartially tested by hand be- ROOF CRESTI NG AND FINIALS, fore leaving the works. They are used by the largest builders of Rakes in this Weather Vanes, Tower Ornaments, «o, country, and are pronounced superior to au ethers t@- WROUGHT IRON FENCES, - GA UTIER STEEL DEPARTMENT Iron Shutters, Window Cuards, Jail Work, &c., of Cambria Iron Company, ; Johnstown, Pa. BANK AND OFFICE RAILINGS, ora lsiaa iinet , r@- Send for Cata- WIRE and IRON WORK of Every Description. NEW YORK OFFICE: PHILADELP .E : ~ + i Re | ae ine re — wants, ‘and we wil THE E. T. BARNUM WIRE & IRON WORKS, Mention this. paper. Detroit, Mich., U. 8. A. (No. 63.} THOMPSON McCOSH, President, JOHN A, McCOSH, Sec. and Treas, BARB WIRE “cxetictt? CHARLES A. OTIS, President. SAM’L ANDREWS, Vice President. SAM’L A. SAGUE, General Manager. CAR R i E R. THOS. JOPLING, Treasurer. JOHN C. ANDREWS, Secretary. THE AMERICAN WIRE COMPANY, DRAWERS OF NO DANGER OF CUT- TING HANDS OR TEAR ING CLOTHES. SAVES THE PRICE OF THE LIFTER MANY TIMES EVERY DAY. IRON AND OF EVERY STEEL DESCRIPTION TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE WIRE. GALVANIZED, TINNED AND COPPERED WIRE. wire STRAICHTENED AND CUT TO LENCTHS. EASTERN WESTERN OFFICE, h tes Room 24, stor House Offices, CLEVELAND OHI0 93 Lake St., Tremopt House Block, fanufactured E. v. Pause 20 nt. ’ , BEN Pee Agent — Solely dy be na — a ea (PATENTED. | Hawkeye Steel Barb Fence Co ; BURLINGTON, IOWA. ; PATENT FOLDING IRON WINDOW GUARDS AND GATES. Can be extended and locked or protection, and folded away when not in use. COMPOSITE IRON WORKS CO., 93 Church Street, Corner Reade Street, New York. COMPOSITE IRON RAILINGS. Send for ** Folding Gate Catalogue.” HOWARD EVANS. I OO I MOLDERS’ TOOLS, FOUNDRY FACING, MOLDING SAND, FOUNDRY SUPPLIES, J. A. EMERICK & CO., MENDEN & SCHWERTE IRON AND STEEL WIRE. WORKS, 1056 to 1076 Beach St., PHILADELPHIA, AT SCHWERTE, WESTPHALIA, GERMANY. The largest Wire Works in the world, Make, on 12 trains, STEEL AND IRON WIRE RODS of all dimensions and descriptions, SCREW, RIVET, NAIL AND CHAIN RODS, SPECIALTIES. 80LE GENTS FOR THE UNITED STATES WoLIMaAnNnN c& eS SE Ee, National Wire & Iron 60. |-2 RS auras Detroit, MANUFACTURERS OF Bich. rk, near Cologn r ‘Cheese Gates, Wire Cloth, Wire Qoamter Raitt ngs, Wire Gian, Casting a ete rica = TT E =f if € ur way) 4 4 £ z ‘ —— Wire 4 ee, cntbalhert Gsaman Supporta,éze PAT EN 0 \ V I R E, For Mining and Plow Ropes, Hawsers and Bridge Cables. tar Bend for Catalogue eee eee SIEMENS-MARTIN & BESSEMER GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH STEEL WIRE, WIRE . of Charcoal and § Flusseisen, Swedish and German ‘ Steel; also with high eon aren and . Charcoal Wire. and in long lengths. % — : GALVANIZED STEEL WIRE, The above cut represents Preston’s Patent Braided Cable Wire Fence Rail, manufactured by the For Plain, Barb and Strand Fencing, 3, qend 7-ply Grand, Staples, &c. Annealed and Oiled Fencing ire, round and ov. BP. sUMNEK, | us F. R. MINCKLER, S8ec’y G ESTABLISHED 1°48. INCORPORATED 1870. WM. CABBLE EXCELSIOR WIRE MFG. CO., Bor Export. 43 FULTON STREET, NEW YORK, 2 BARB, 4 BARB AND MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF THICKSET. WIRE ROPE ,2usm.. | TELEGRAPH CABLES. B la 5 S, Copper and Iron Wi r6 fi oth. © | mann walen = ph Corman oo cane iWEwtic, coLoant. house in the braneh on the ae a o and Sand Screens, Riddles, &c. PERKINS & CHOAT Zs. 34 Pine N.Y, % OGDEN & WALLACE, lron and Steel Of every description kept in stock. Agents for Park Brother & Co.'s BLACK DIAMOND STEEL. All sizes of Cast and Machinery Steel constantly on band, PIERSON & CO., 24 & 26 Broadwav, 77 & 79 New St., NEW YORK CITY. “PICKS” of all kinds, “ESOPUS” HORSE SHOE IRON, BEAMS, ANCLES, Tees, Channels, Sheets, Plates. All descriptions in stock. IRON & ce STEEL. NORWAY IRON : ROUNDS ....... ¥Y in, to 1 in. oe: . 3 in. to 1% in. LATS.. ‘ vised YyxY, to 3x% in. SPECIAL ‘PRICES FOR LOTS. ALSO GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF “ULSTER,” “CATASAUQUA ” “A, R. M. Co.” SHAFTING, REFINED & COMMON IRON. BANDS, HOOPS & SCROLLS. STEEL OF ALL KINDS. ABEEL BROS., 190 SOUTH 8T., 165 WATER BT, | NEW YORK. TELEPHONE CALL, “ NASSAU, 379.” A. R. WHITNEY & €0,, 58 Hudson Street, NEw yvrornre, OFFER Portage lron Co., Lim., DUNCANSVILLE, PA., BESSEMER SOFT STEEL, of all Merchant sizes, to take the place of LOW MOOR NORWAY and all fine grades of iron. H. P, NAIL CO.’S BARBED & SMOOTH STEEL WIRE NAILS. BORDEN & LOVELL, Commission Merchants, 70 & 71 West St., & 3: OQrEeE { — NEW YORK. &. L. FREELA Agents for the sale of Fall River Iron Co.’s Nails, Bands, Hoops & Rods, AND Borden Mining Company’s Cumberland Coals. WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO.. IRON MERCHANTS Cor, Albany & Washington Sts., NEW YORK CITY. Ww. H, Wattace. Wm. Bispnam. E. C. WALLACE. VOUGHT & WILLIAMS, MACHINERY, TIRE AND SPRINC STEEL. AGENTS FOR HELLER & BROS.’ ‘ALR, WHITNEY & CO, ~ Iron and Steel | Bay ‘STATE 1 IRON ( O., Tank, Boiler and Girder CAST TOOL STEEL. 288 Greenwice Street, NEW YORK. Ce - Boi Le FR Boiler Brace Jaws, FULLER BRO 132 Greenwich Street, New York. PASSAIC ROLLING MILL CO., Manufacture and have always in stock ROLLED IRON BEAMS, Channels, Angles, Tees, Merchant Bars, Riveted Work, Forgings, Eye Bars, &c, PATERSON, N. J. Roem 45, Astor House, New York. CUT NAILS. Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &c, | om DOVER IRON CO. Carnegie Bros. & Co., Lid... THE IRON AGE. Marshall Lefferts & Co. OXFORD... wooo & co. 1a vusoncronmsor | TRON AND NAIL CO.. i Galvanized Sheet Iron, yt Nails SPIKES. baranek Planished Sheet Iron. Patented March 14th, 1865 ; April 8th, 1873: Sept. oth, 1873 ; Oct. 6th, 1874; Jan. 11, 1876. STEEL TOE CALKS. Extra Quality Homogeneous Steel Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to the IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, and at a much less price. FOR SALE Galvantesd Wire Telegraph and Fence ; Galvanized Hoop and tand Iron, Grivanized Rod and Bar Iron, Galvanized Nalls, Galvanized Chain, Galvanized Iron CORRUGATED SHEET IRON For Roofing, &c., Galvanized, Plain or Painted J. 8. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, Best Charcoal, Best Refined and Common 81, 83 — oh a Soret, SHEET IRON. een Plate and 'l'ank Iron, JOHN W. QUINCY & C0.., wore 1 S. 2. Ht. 9, 1.0. E. Ho. 1 Flange, Best Flange, 98 William St., New Yorks sams sndnetiaibs di ‘Anthracite, Charceal, Scotch and Iron Work Ciivenil or Tinned to Order. | English Pig iron. Price list and quotations sent upon application. | Gyr Nails, In ingot ic epper, Tins Lead, and | en by all the prineipal oe ROME MERCHANT IRON MILLS, HARRISON&GILLOON RA ETA L DE A LE RS STEEL PLATES, all descriptions. IRON AND METAL DEALERS, Cut Nails and Spikes, Plate and Sheet 558, 560, 562 WATER S8T., & 3c2, 364, 306 CHERRY ST., acs NEW YORK, lron, all descriptions, In the Large Cities throughout Bar Iron, Bands and Fine Hoops. THE UNITED STATES, ay Ovals, Half Ovals, Half Rounds. yy and And at their Offiec, qu alit Shoe | D Also from Cher wuddied: ed ball oa — => pm ont - Re Cat and Pittsburgh ality of Iron br shiners Scrap Iron, Car Whee 111 Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA.| SHOENBERGER & CO Pa. ’ ’ 5 wep — eo pammer. Orders may be sent to the Millor | Machinery Scrap Iron, Car Wheels, Axles and Heavy Screet, New Yorks ,' New a ee om Agent, & SS Sone mone | FOX & DRUMMOND, BURDEN’S V*CUSE MALLEABLE WHEELING NAILS. IRON WORKS, Laughlin Nail Co., SYRACUSE, N. Y. Junction Iron Co., WwW. ik. ROSS, T 9 Burden Best lron Manufacturers of the best grade of RAILWAY AND ROLLING MILL MATERIAL, 68 Wall Street, NEW YORK. JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO., SCOTCH AND AMERICAN PIG IRON, No. 63 Wall St., New York. ULSTER IRON WORKS 90 Broadway, New York. Tuckerman, Mulligan & Co CARMICHAEL & EMMENS 130, 132 & 134 Cedar St., New York, and Nos. 21, 23, 25 7 West Lake St., Chicago, Il. DEALERS IN IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATE. Lap-Welded Boiler Tubes, &c, &c. Agent for The Coatesville Trea Co. The, Laurel Roll- ing Mills, and = on poe - orks ; rought Lron Beams, ‘ DANIEL F. COONEY, 88 Washington St., N. Mower and Reaper Castings 2 GENERAL AGENT, 97 Chambers Street, New York, Manhattan Rolling Mill. J. LEONARD, 445 to 451 West St., 177 &179 Bank St., and Carriage Irons a Specialty. Ww. B. BURNS, Proprietor, Cc. W. Leavirr. - Epw’p CORNING. C.W. LEAVITT & CO., "sew? ror. | NEW YORK, NEW AND SECOND-HAND ies lk YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. All sizes and shapes in stock. Also Best Grades of Am. & Eng. Ref'd lron,;Common Iron, &c IMPORTED & AMERICAN PIG IRON. LAKE SUPERIOR CHARCOAL IRON, For Malleable and Car-Wheel Purposes, A SPECIALTY. CHARLES HIMBOD & CO.,| oxzron, ne, 163 200s sna Pacbeahe Pe wanes, Louabure, Pe CHICAGO AND DETROIT. TA. ES oss, oa COLD ROLLED IMPORTER OF AND FURNACE AGENT FOR and revere: (SCOTCH AND AMERICAN PIG IRON, and Letters. SEND FOR CIRCULAR. MANUFACTURERS AGENT OF Bar Iron, Car Wheels, Axles, Rails and Railroad Supplies. B. F, BELLOWS, SOLE AGENT WH i TA AKER RAILS, LOCOMOTIVES AND CARS. HORSE SHOE IRON, Boiler Rivets. Ammer SSR GaEe M aD uII WOR _ Beds, Ovals, Malt dubie ane Viste F. w. JEsuP & CO., (KEYSTONE ROLLING MILL, Limited. The Burden Iron Company Agents NASHUA | IRON | AND STEEL CO., yan IRON AND STEEL LocomOTiVE Forenes, |Eitteburgh, - - - Pa. CORRUGATED AND CRIMPED IRON 166 South Stree WeW YORK CITY RON | Bonnell, Botsford & Co., Boiler Rivets, Angle & T Iron, Cut Nails & 8 m MOSELEY IRON BRIDGE AND ROOF CO., Agency for Glasgow Iron Co., Jos L. Baile ‘ oo AND 5 Dey Street, New York. CLassce MOS 7 TER BAR IRON, |GLENGARNOCK AND CARNBROE SCOTCH PIG IRON, For spot delivery, and for prompt or forward shipments to New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Patent en doe premade System. 72 Pine Street, NEW YORK. 101 Milk Street, BOSTON, MASS. 170 Washington Street, CHICAGO, infringers of above patents will be prosecuted. of all grades of FINE SHEET IRONS, PIG AND BAR IRON, OLD RAILS AND SCRAP IRON. Toe Calk Steel, Railway Supplies and Equipment. geal. Troy ; N.Y. oSTEEL,. LocoMont et THON A eS.) D.STERL ROOFING & SIDING, BURDEN’S BOILER PLATES AND SHEET IRON, Pine tron Works, Lebanon Rolling Milis, Chester TRIER. Baltimore or New Orleans. For sale by WM. D. ANDREWS & BRO., ccscshehipeselaosiaaeaaeaiasitne aint iceman eeelncnaaetaainiiiaglieteaitadtaes alle tak taed erie tad aeEicigtinantaeenietencnet eee LEECH BURG I8 IRON WORKS. Refined Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Iron, ac.)” ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILLS, No. 67 Liberty St.. NEW YORK. IRON | CRANK PINS, PISTON RODS, SLI EGLESTON BROS. & CO., Iron Buildings, Roofs, s S sivitsit,?aragecree| ION, Nails & Spikes. LAP-WELDED BOILER FLUES, rv ch é& &S & te of aoe and Tube Co., Albany * Rens. Iron ‘and Steel CITIES, TOWNS AND MANUFACTORIES JAMES LEE & CO., Sole Agents for the United States. 233 Broadway, New York. KIRKPATRICK & CO., Manufacturers NATURAL GAS USED AS FUEL. WORKS, Leechburg, Pa MANUFACTURERS OF AND DEALERS IN OF FIO, No, 148 First Ave., Pitteburgh, Pa. AGENCIES: FORTAGS EROS CO., Limited, Merchant lron and Soft woes ay Sit “STEEL & IRON CO., Homogeneous t BRANDYWINE ROLLING MILL, Boiler Plates. GLenacy TUBE. WORKS. Boiler Flues. M. BY CO., Wrought Iron Pipe. CARNEGIE BROS. & CO,, Limited, Iron and Steel Beams, Channels, Shapes and Shafting. H. P. NAIL CU.’S Steel Wire Nails. 145 Seneca St., Cleveland, 0. IRON COMPANY, OF WHEELING, W. VA., MANUFACTURERS 0 SHEET IRON, TANK AND FIRE BED, 36 DEARBORN STREET CHICAGO. Charlies Weoster, Pres. S. M. Burnham, Sec’y, J, S, Lane, Supt. W. T, Allen, Treas, Webster, Camp & Lane Machine Co., 133 N. Main St., Akron, O. BAND FRICTION HOIST For Mines and Blast Furnaces. = The SAFEST, SIMPLEST, STRONGEST and BEST IN THE MARKET. Engines, Boilers, Pumps, Skips, and everything pertaining to a first-class plant of Hoisting Machinery. Correspondence solicited, B. F. JUDSON, Importer of and Dealer in SCOTCH AND AMERICAN Pig Iron, Wrought & Cast Scrap Iron, OLD METALS. 457 & 459 Water St. NEW YORK. 233 & 235 South St. >} AAR. WHITNEY & C0, == 58 Hudson Street, EwoT Yorn =z, Plans and estimates furnished and contracts made for erecting Iron Structures of every descrip- tion. Books containing cuts of all iron made sent on application by mail. Sample pieces at office. Please address 58 Hudson St., New York. Joun J. SPOWERS, President. ALEXANDER BURNS, Manager. THE JERSEY CITY GALVANIZING CO., CALVANIZED MATERIAL OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. GALVANIZING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. Galvanized Sheet Iron—Best Bloom, Best Refined, Common. Galvanized Round, Square Band and Hoop Iron, &c., &e. RIVE TF sS, po Socket Bolts, &c., STEE L | " one . 2 ‘BEAMS, CHANNELS, PLATES pict of Sheets THERS & CO. AND SHAFTING | At Same Price as Iron. Corrugated Sheet tron a Specialty psintreninet. Bish, ond Epinted. Iron Corrugated for the Trade. WORKS GREEN AND BAY STREETS, JERSEY CITY N.J. OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE, 98 JOHN STREET, NEW YORK. March 6, 1884. Gener Works JUs March 6, 1884. WILLIAM R. HART & CO., AMERICAN AND FOREIGN PIG IRON, SPIEGELEISEN, Steel Blooms, Crop Ends, Tin Plates, Xc. No. 224 South Third St. PHILADELPHIA, HENRY LEVIS & CO., Manufacturers’ Agents For Iron and Steel Car Wheels, Boiler and Sheet Iron and General Railway Old Rails, Axles, waa Wheels bought and sold. 934 8. 4th 8t., Philadelphia. Heavy Rails, Light Rails, Railway F'astenings, ADDRESS: Cambria Iron Co,, Office, Works, 218 South Fourth St., Johnstown, Philadelphia, F Pa. Pennsylvania. THE PHCENIX IRON CO., 410 Walnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. WROUCHT IRON ROOF TRUSSES, CIRDERS & JOISTS, and all kinds of Lron Framing used in the construction of Fire Proof Buildings, PATENT WROUGHT IRON COLUMNS, WELDLESS EYE BARS, and built up shapes fo Iron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and covery variety of SHAPE IRON made to order. Plans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. NEW YORK AGENTS, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty Street. BOSTON AGENTS, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ALAN WOOD & CoO., MANUFACTURERS OF Patent Planished, Galvanized, Common, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charcoal Bloom PLATE c& SHEET IRON, No. 519 Arch 8St., Philadelphia, Pa. : Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water pe. Smoke Stack, ‘ani and Boat Iron ; Last, Stamping, Ferrule, Locomotive Headlight and Jacket Iron’ Lens camping, Ferruie, Locomotive Headlight and Jacket Iro SBR GO OE JAS. ROWLAND & CO. Kensington Iron, Steel & Nail Works, ANVIL BRAND REFINED MERCHANT BAR IRON. Also, the James Rowland & Co. Kensington yes cut from their Refined Anvil stock. Also, Plow and Cultivator Steel; Skelp Iron a specialty; also Rounds, Squares, Flats, Bands and Hoop eel PENCOYD IRON COYD IRON WORKS. — A.c P. ROBERTS c& CO., MANUFACTURERS OF BEAMS, CHANNELS, DECK BEAMS, ANGLES, | TEES, PLATES, MERCHANT BAR. SHAFTING AND ROLLED OR HAMMERED AXLES OF IRON OR STEEL. Office, No. 26 8, Fourth St., Philadelphia. Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. 7. Ww. PAXSSON ck CO... DEALERS IN NMLOUL: DING SAND, 1021 North Delaware Avenue, PHILADELPHIA, PA., MANUFACTURERS LEAD FAOING, RIPDLES, SHOVELS, CHARCOAL FACING, INERAL on 2 ANTHRACITE FAOING, XX MINERAL, "ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILLS, — Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, . Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn Tables. General Office, 237 South Third St., Philadelphia. Works at Allentown, Pa. SHENANDOAH IRON, LUMBER, MINING & MFG. CO., MANUFACTURERS OF SUPERIOR COKE PIG IRON FROM NEUTRAL HEMATITE ORES. Also CHARCOAL PIG IRON AND BLOOMS FROM SAME ORES. Works at MILNES, PAGE CO., VA. Treasurer’s Office, 132 WALNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA. JUSTICE COX, JR., & ©O., Sales Agents, 224 South 4th St., Philadelphia. LOCOMOTIVE AND CAR-WHEEL TIRES Manufactured from the celebrated OTIS STEEL BRAND JF STANDARD ¢ Quality and efficiency fully guaranteed. Prices as low as any of the same quality. We manufacture Hea — Light Forgings, Driving and Car Axles, Crank Pins, Rods, &c. THE STANDARD STEEL WORKS, Works at LEWISTOWN, PA. Hf} hdl de Lay) 7) THE IRON AGE. Office: - - 2208. 4th St., Philadelphia, Pa. JUSTICE COX, Jr. CHARLES K. BARNS. JUSTICE COX, JR, & CO, } Hdward J. Htting, TRON BROKER snp COMMISSION MERCHANT, AGENTS FOR 2223 S. Third St., Philadelphia, Pa. CHICKIES, CONEWAGO, MONTGOMERY ANI Pig, Bar and Railroad Iron. SHENANDOAH OLD RAILS, SORAP, &o. Agent for the MOUNT SAVAGE FIRE BRICK, The Allentown Iron Co. and the Greenwood Rolling Mill. STORAGE WHARF AND YARD DELAWARE AVENUE ABOVE CALLOWHILL STREET, connected by track with railroad. Cash advances made on Iron. Foundry & Forge Pig Iron. CARBON ROLLING MILL CO., Limited, Best Quality Muck Bar, CATASAUQUA MFG. CO,’S Bar, Angle, Skelp and Sheet Iron. Shenandoah (Va.) Best Charcoal Blooms, No. 996 So, Fourth 8t., PHILA L_DBLPHIA. a. PURUESS son, |W. H. WALBAUM & CO. ee 206 S. Fourth St., PHILADELPHIA, Scrap Iron, Metals and Machinery, 55 & 57 Pine Street, New York. f ter f ee Penn Sts., Philadelphia, | GENERAL MERCHANDISE BROKERS. er for sale, in lots to suit, Red Yell H > Scrap Braas ; ingot brass, best qualities, Ingot ‘Gan SPRCIALTIN® Metal made strictly from Oid Cannon ; Steam Pumps, W ~ Shafting Pulleys,&c. Machinery and Tools varicas NE AND OLD RAILS, descriptions. Cash paid for Scrap Iron and Metals. BLOOMS, BESSEMER PIG : ’ ’ wir ‘ LINDSAY Spiegeleisen Iron Ores| : AND RAILROAD SUPPLIES GENERALLY. 7 reer Agents for the United States for The | Brokers and General Dealers in Iron and Steel, Railway Equipments and ee aoe Slee aes ees Supplies, Bar, Plate and Sheet Iren, Pig Iron, Rails and Fastenings, Muck Bars, Bessemer Pig Iron, brand “* ULVERSTON.” Malleable Pig Iron, brand ** UY, H. M."’ Blooms, Boiler Tubes, Wrought Iron Pipe, &c. Old Rails and Scrap Iren. ALSO FOR se ae seaiem J. 0. RICHARDSON, |JEROME KEELEY & CO.. No. 232 Desk S8t., Philadelphi 7 — SELLING AGENTS FOR CHARCOAL and ANTHRACITE BLOOMS, PIG IRON, IRON CLAD STEEL RAILS and BARS, MAGNETIC Pig Iron, Merchant Bar tron and HEMATITE IRON ORES FIRE BRICK, COAL. and fron Ores. Rails, Scrap Iron &c. Examine and negotiate sales - of Iron and Coal properties. ETHELBERT WATTS & Cco., Iron Brokers and Commission Merchants, E. H. WILSON & co., 4 = ird St Philadelphia. CORNWALL ont fm ie FOR 330 South Thir reet, elphia VESTA wRNACE, ? ETA runwsces,} 10 mos. JIRON AND STEEL Correspondence solicited. Florida Yellow Pine, cargo lots. N. B. ALLEN & CO.’S DINAS FIRE BRICKS. 206 Walnut Place, Philadelphia. DEALER IN BAK IRON, SHEET IRON, STEEL and IRON RAIL S, and ‘OKE. MUCK BARS. Handle Old Iron and Stee! Ethelbert W atts. J } as. C, Poulserer. E. H, Wilson, A. Kaiser. J. B. M. Hirons, Offices, No. = So. Third Street, Phila. CROMWELL IRON CO., § IRON ORES. BROKERS AND DEALERS IN Messrs. EV ERETT & POST, } Chicago and St. Louis, 5 PIG LEAD & SPEL TER. Correspondence Solicited. S.F_SHARPLESS & CO. /FNMIUND 0D, SMITH 2 gpl da 147 So. 4th St., Philadelphia, Pig, Bloom, Plate, Bar, Scrap, Galvanized, BROKER FOR THE SALE OF ALL GRADES Black, Sheet, Pipe and Railroad <I NO. 220 3 de FOREIGN & DOMESTIC IRON ORES, Charcoal Bloom and Pig a Specialty. Spiegeleisen, Pig Iron and Structural Iron, L. & R. WISTER &CO., | J, W. HOFFMAN & CU. IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, #30 So. 4th St., Philadelphia. 208 South Fourth St., Philadelphia, AaGETe SELLING AGENTS. aoe and Norway Foun ry and Forge Pig Iron. | PINE IRON WORKS, Pine Brand Plates: GLASGOW /yebrooke C, B. C IRON CO., Plates and Muck Bars ; RANG 8 L& 7 Charcoal Pig Iron. IRON CO. (Limited), Siemens-Martin (O; en-Hearth) DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF “SCRAP IRON, Steel, Universal and Sheared Plates, Angles and aie bh ANDOVER PIG LRON, REUBEN H AINES. , FOR BEST MILL PRODUCTS. ; —- Chill Iron for Oarwheels, &c. . ked hil b Pig marked exact chill depth 04 Inch to 54 COB MMIsr, 738 Sansom St.. Philadelphia. Analysis of Ores of Iron and other Metals, Pig Iron and Steel. Assay of Gold and Silver Ores. Water Analysis for ____ Manuf’ing and Household Use. NO ORTH BROTHERS, lron Founders, LIGHT CASTINGS A SPECIALTY. N. W. Cor. 23d and Race Streets, PHILADELPHIA, Correspondence solicited, Sheridan, Leesport, Temple| sNO. L. HOGAN, Lynchburg, Millcreek and Mt. IRON COMMISSION MERCHANT, 413 WALNUT ST., PHILADELPHAIA. Laurel FOUNDRY, MILL AND BESSEMER FOUNDRY & FORGE PIG IRON, PIG IRON. CHARCOAL PIC IRON. Plate, Bar, Railroad and Structural Iron, 8peigeleisen, 430 Walnut St., PHILADELPHIA, PA.| Ores. Connellsville Coke. Correspondence solicited. TESTED CHAINS, BRADLEE & CO., EMPIRE CHAIN WORKS, $16 Richmond S8t., . ‘ ’ ’ PHILADELPHIA. | MANUFACTURERS OF THE Celebrated “ D. B. G.” Special Crane and Dredging Chains, F. A. Comiy, Treas, J. WESLEY PULLMAN, Agent. 407 Walnut St., PHILADELPHIA, ———_$<$——_ MORRIS, WHEELER & CO., IRON, STEEL & NAILS. WAREHOUSE and OFFICES, | SALES OFFICES 16th & Market Sts., 400 Chestnut St., PHILA. PA. PHILA. PA. New York Address, 14 OL 14 CLIFF rr ST. J. J. MOHR, Sole Agent for Careful attention given to Special Dimension Chains and those requiring extra Strength and Wearing Qualities. CUMBERLAND NAIL AND IRON CO., MANUFACTURERS OF “Cumberland” Nails and Wrought Iron Pipe, 43 North Water Street and 44 North Delaware Avenue, PHILADELPHIA. J. TATNALL LEA & CO., Successors to CABEEN & CO., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, No. 400 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. BESSEMER, MILL AND FOUNDRY PIG IRON, SKELP TRON, MUCK AND SCRAP BARS NATIVE | AND FOREIGN ORES. AGENTS FOR CONNELLSVILLE C OKE, BOOTH, CARRETT & BLAIR, ANALYTICAL AND CONSULTING CHEMISTS, 919 and 921 Chant St. 10th St. above Chestnut St.), Philadelphia, Pa. Established in 1836, Analyses of Ores, Waters, Metals and Alloys of all kinds. A special department for the ANALYSIS OF IRON AND STEEL, and appliances for the rapid and accurate analysis of Iron, Steel, Lron on png feds yg Clays, Fire Sande, on Agents for sampling ores in New York and Baltimore. Price lists on application, | (Continued from page 1.) piece in tension ; the piece is first secured in the top cross-head B by means of the wedges placed therein. The other end is then se cured to the lower cross-head C, thereby forming the only connection between the platform and driving mechanism. As fast as the screws are turned stress is exerted on the specimen, which is communicated to the platform, and may be weighed by means of the beam at the left hand. It will thus be seen that two qualifications have been here fulfilled. In the first place, the straining mechanism is sufficiently firm and rigid to produce all the stress that the machine is intended to exert without any straining or undue distortion of any of its parts, and, | second, that only the stress to which this specimen is subjected can by any possibility come on the platform. ‘*A third qualification may be here men- |tioned as being p