The Iron Age 1883-11-08: Vol 32 Iss 19

The Iron Age A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. Published every Thursday Morning by Davi WriiiiaMs, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Entered at the Post OJice, New York, as Second-Class Matter. Vol. XXXII: No. 19 — PpRoeens eR Cutting-Off Saw and Gaining Machine. from the same mine. This dry process, so afterward lay idle for several years. In lowed at present. Taking any one of the the roof and sides are supported by strong | ee been followed until within about 1720 the shares in the mine were divided lateral passages as a base line, the miners timbers, ‘1 ut as soon as all the ore has Saas cor iy —. i. furnace of in 1200 parts, and as many as 60 or break out ore to right and left, and above to brcken out the timber is removed, and bar- e three or four of a kind in Falun was! 70 small furnaces were engaged in smelt- a distance of several feet, following, of ren rock is filled into the space, thus provid- abandoned. To return to the early history |ing the ores. One large company now | course, the vein or dip of the deposit, and ing at once a use for worthless stone and a of the mine. It is known that it was worked | control the entire working of the mine. | they continue in the same direction until | security against the possibility of cav- ing in. The water is removed from the mine by the simplest cf wooden pumps, which work day and night. The water is raised a few feet, runs out through a trough, and thea is pumped a few feet higher, and so to daylight. <A little wheel, driven by the water thus pumped, is made to sound the bell at the wheel-house some distance away, and an interruption in the ringing of the bell signifies that, for some reason, the pumps are not working. The oldest method employed to free the mine from water was by simply passing it wp in buckets by hand, and it was not before the beginning of the sixteenth century that any |method of employing power was introduced anywhere into Sweden. At that time a kind of paternoster work, originating in the Joachimsthal, Germany, was used, and about the middle of that century the present sys- tem of communivating power by beams, joined end to end, and alternately ascending and descending, came in vogue. In order to break out the ore or to drive passages, firewoed in long sticks was laid on the rock, ignited and allowed to burn until the wood was consumed, Then the rock, either by cooling itself or by being cooled with water, cracked and fell, or was easily broken out. This practice was not only costly, but tedious and dangerous. The use of powder was not | begun at Freiburg, in Saxony, until 1613. In 1644 it wasin general use at Freiberg and at | Clausthal in the Harz, and in 1670 in Eng land. But in Falun it did not come into use New York, Thursday, November 8, 1883. $4.50 a Year, Including Postage. Single Copies, Ten Cents. We present in the accompanying en- ravings two different views of a new jachine now being manufactured by Messrs. c. B. Rogers & Co., of No. 109 Liberty treet, New York City, their manufactory being at Norwich, Conn. The machine com- bines a gainer and heavy timber cutting-off -aw for railroad, car and bridge work. The ) saw carriage travels on ways on a strong ind substantial arm, as shown, which is attached to an upright column and gibbed to It is raised and lowered by means of | screws to accommodate saws of different izes, and also to regulate the depths of the vains when the gainer-head is being used, as in Fig. 2. The apparatus is provided with a novel automatic device for taking up the belt by the traverse of the saw carriage, which is carried forward and backward by a screw feed driven by power and keeping the tension of the belt the same at all points. The saw and gainer-head work over the top f the lumber, and cut back from the oper- itor, and are less liable to accident, as all loose pieces will go backward. The stuff does not need holding on the table when sawing, as the cutting of saw draws it to the fence blocks on the table. The timber should be keyed when gaining, in order t move it accurately to the lines, by means of the hand-wheel on the table. When the machine is wanted to gain wide stuff, the table is muved back on the base by means of rack and pinion and the hand-wheel on the : side of the base box. When sawing, the table ) should be locked by the bolt on the front of the table to prevent its being moved endways, so the saw will not pass in the groove in the table. The machine will carry a saw 1 from 18 inches t> 34 inches, and 14-inch My RO ERS keo | before 1729, although this mine was not the my ue first to try it. The holes made were then so gs - ; arts are mounted upon ! ' ; : iiner-head All p i pe ala CONN. large and the charges of powder so heroic ‘ a substantial base, so that in moving the machine none of its parts are displaced. It is provided with a counter-shaft, with tight and loose pulleys, 8 inch x 14 inch, and should make 365 revolutions per minute. The weight of the machine is 4500 pounds. that harm was done to the mine, and so much that the authorities once forbade its employment, though they soon withdrew their objections. The boring is now carried m by hand principally, but in 1879 com- pressed air was used experimentally with good results. Both dynamite and powder — Oita are used as explosives. ; Metallurgy Sw THE ORES. — The principal ore mined at Falun is copper pyrites (chalcopyrite). It occurs in rock composed mainly of quartz, chlorite and hornblend. Chalcocite occurs also in great quantities, sometimes along with the copper pyrites, and sometimes alone. Much galenite and a little zincblend are a!so found in vary- Mr. P. W. Moen, of Worcester, Mass., in an interesting paper on the above subject, gives some particulars which, aside from their value as giving an idea of the mineral wealth of Swecen, are of considerable his- torical interest. According to Mr. Moen, the extensive forests of fir, spruce and pine, ing quantities in different parts of the mine. and the practically inexhaustible deposits of Fig. 1.—Side View of Machine with Saw Attached. Gold, also, in minute quantities, 75,235 be | various ores, constitute the natural wealth of ing the highest per cent. Within two or three 0 the country. Not all parts, however, are months a very respectable find has been ' equally blessed in the distribution of this made of native gold in a true quartz fissure. How far this deposit may continue is uncer- tain. The mine is rich in many minerals valued by the possessors of cabinets ; among the most remarkable are garnets the size of a man’s head. When the ore has been raised to the surface it is broken by hand, sorted or sifted, like coal, and the cre containing 10 to 12 per cent. of copper, preferably, but even down to as low as 1% to 2 per cent., is subjected to the so-called wet process. [t must first be calcined or roasted to wealth. If we except the coal-bearing fields f Skane, in the south—the only coal fields . yet known in Sweden—the mountain of titaniferous ore at Taberg, near the lower - end of Lake Wettern, the productive cop- per mines of Atvidaberg, and a small num- ber of widely-scattered mines, principally of iron ore, the mass of mines of all kinds lies losely together, north of the latitude of ‘ stockholm, comprised within a district of not more than 100 miles in extent from A - north to south, nor more than 150 miles Fi free it as far as may be from sulphur. from east to west. Several provinces of the H his is done in kilns cut into the hillside and | ith are nearly as free from forests as some « H | walled with brick or stone at the back and P f our Western States, but, beginning also |sides. The top and front are open. The ‘ith the latitude of Stockholm, they reach cavities are about 30 feet long, and the top extensive with the breadth of the coun- angle of the sides inclines about 1 foot in 1o. itself northward to the Arctic circle. [If much chaleocite is to be calcined, or the . | proportion of chalcocite to chalcopyrite ex- is mostly along the banks of the intless rivers which run in parallel uses from the Norwegian mountains ud empty imto the northern part of the ilf of Bothnia that the enormous quantities f timber are cut which supply the con- stantly increasing demand of England and of ance. Mining has been followed in eden from very early days. The oldest ining town in Sweden is Falun, the capital the historic Province of Dalecarlia, situ ted about a day’s journey by rail to the rth and west of Stockholm. It is impos le to say when the famous copper mine re was discovered. There are those who ‘intain that the bronze ornaments of Solo- a's glorious temple were made of copper : YJ ‘ = Scilly C.B.ROGERS &C° not go too hastily. The odor of sulphur is xen from this mine. Antiquarians assert | NORWICH, CONN ' very perceptible not only in the vicinity of t the ores have not been worked for more the mine, but at quite a distance from it. No in 2000 years. In those days mining was | ‘ yreen thing grows near the mine. In fact, ried on not by a company, but by many | the country thereabout has every appearance pendent owners called ‘* bergsmanner,” | of having been swept by fire and water. The h of whom had his own corps of men en tre:s in the town are stunted and grow very caved in breaking out the ore and carrying slowly. The buildings are dingy and ancient to his smelting furnaces, perhaps many looking. But the town is very healthy. No es away, as the copper slags found far | plague has ever visited it, and in times of n the mine itself show. The ore was | pestilence it has often been the asylum of the her then than now. It lay in abundance | court. The roasted ore is first crushed to ir the surface. The appliances were not | powder, sifted and mixed with common salt, has to enable them to go to any great then moistened with a weak solution of th. When one vein proved unproductive sulphuric acid and allowed to stand some y too deep a new vein was taken or work time to permit the acid to work. It is then un in fresh spots on the old vein. Many oxidized in a gas furnace, whereby the cop- | ceeds one-half of two-thirds, wood has to be | used, otherwise the sulphur itself furnishes | the requisite fuel. Fifteen hundred to two thousand hundredweight of the ore is placed | in alternate layers from the bottom up, with | brush or split wood to insure a sufficient draft. When the kiln is full, the mass is | covered tightly with earth. At the back of the kilns, near the top, are holes opening into walled canals, through which the sulphurous fumes pass and are condensed in a large wooden building 1 he powde r 80 obtained |is afterward made into pure sulphur by | being refined in kettles. The calcining con | tinues from seven to eight weeks, and must / 1an’s fortune was made by finding a deposit per is rendered soluble. The next thing is Palo. oe neney pure eis They still 7 iy. 2.—Side View Showing Application of Gainer. to ee _ wae te goo dk th “ large aliun of one rgsman who was 80 ric s wooden tanks with false bottoms 1at serve t he shod his horses with silver, and of | CUTTING-OFF SAW AND GAINING MACHINE, BUILT BY C. B. ROGERS & CO., NORWICH, CONN. = page a os aoe a a ia c u wee BEC rT re, iw firs ther living in an adjacent parish in wjjch | church was built upon a bill so har to | introduced over the ore, then stronger acid ib, by reason of its roughness, that the | in 1280. In 1347 it passed into the hands of Shafts have been sunk in several places barren rock is encountered or the working The svlution is drawn off and precipitated by wwistrate offered to cover the hill with| the Crown, and there ig still preserved a about the pit. The deepest shaft is now emerges into some other passage. Where iron. Scrap iron is the ordinary material, ites of copper. It was then no difficult | grant of privileges given by King Magnus sunk somewhat over 1000 feet below the the work is being carried on in the higher | as beng cheaper and better than pig iron, itter to smelt the ores with wood or char-| [I (Smek) in the year just mentioned. The surface. The miners work on two or three levels the ore is conveyed toa shute, down | and it is used over and over again until il in asmall furnace, not unlikethe modern | sinking of so many shafts by independent levels. Lateral passages extend in several , which it falls to the lowest level, and by the no longer serviceable Che precipitated ist furnace, save in hight and in the de-| bergsmen finally went so far that in 1647 / directions from the bottom of the shaft, and opening of the trap it is let into the ca:s copper is afterward refined in furnaces burn ls of its construction, and to obtain a rich | the ground, fairly honeycombed, gave way, through them pass the lines of tramways on waiting to carry it to the shaft, whence it is ing vas made from sawdust and wood in, though there was left in the slag) eaving a yawning gulf 1200 feet long, 660 which the ore is conveyed to the shaft. A hoisted by water power to the surface, Besides copper, the products, direct and in | eet wide and 300 feet in depth. The wine most thorough and systematic method is fol- While a line is being worked on any level] (Continuéd on Paye re copper than is now found in the ores THE ANSONIA BRASS & COPPER CO., No. 19 Cliff Street, NEW YORK, Mfg. Company, MANUFACTURERS OF Pnelps Building, MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS AND COPPER Waterbury Brass Co. CAPITAL, $400,000. Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, CERMAN SILVER, German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burs, Sheets, Bolts, Rods, Wire, &c. Seamless Brass & Copper Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire, Tubing. BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, Ansonia Corrugated Stove Platforms. COPPER RIVETS AND BURS, > 7 ‘ ~ 7” PURE COPPER WIKE BRASS KET1LES, aT a he —_ Door Rail, Brass Tags, osphor Bronze Rods tor Pumps, &c. PERCUSSION CAPS, ANSONIA * REFINED POWDER FLASKS, INCOT COPPER. Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Measures, dc. PHELPS, DODGE & CO. Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kerosene Burners, 18 Murray Street, New York. 13 Federal Street, Boston. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. Rolling Mill, THOMASTON, Ct. Factories, Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. Sole Agents for the Capewell Mfg. Co."s Line of Sport- Bridgeport Brass Co. ing Goods. MANUFACTURERS OF IMPORTERS OF DEPOTS, Mills At 296 Broadway, New York, | WATERBURY,| Sheet and Roll Brass, T i N Pp L A T E, 125 Eddy St., Providence, R. |. Conn. ROOFING PLATE, Tubing. Sheet Iron Copper, Pig Tin, Wire, Detroit Copper & Brass Loe aioe ae, ing Zinc, &c. Rolling Mills. DILERS and CUSPADORES, | LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, MANUFACTURERS OF BRAZIERS’ AND SHEATHING COPPER, LANTERNS and TRIMMINGS, ; KEROSENE BURNERS, C 0 P P E R “ N D B R . S S 7 and manufacturing Metal Gvods ROLLED, SHEET & PLATERS’ BRASS | aiscracrony, Waneaueen, Clocks & Fly Fan Movements, | PLUMBERS’ MATERIALS. CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. GERMAN OR NICKEL SILVER, Bridgeport, Conn. | 19 Murray wanes Se N.Y. — yire oo d h SCOVILL MFG CO | S252 u.."=."""| Holmes. Booth & Haydens, || ——_—>—_— Copper Rivets and Burs, WATERBURY, CONN. B R A Ss Ss a COPPER BOTTOMS FOR TEA KETTLES AND BOILERS. NEW YORK, BOSTON, HINCES WIRE, CERMAN SILVER.| = o,, Larned & Fourth Sts., Detroit, Mich. 49 Chambers St. 18 Federal St. —— -——— Manufacturers of a)l kinds of ROME IRON WORKS, Brass, Copper & German Silver, Manufacturers of Brass, Gilding Metal, Cop- PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS. BUTTONS, CLOTH AND METAL. ROLLED AND IN SHEETS. DEPOTS FACTORIES, . r and German Silver 419 & 421 Broome St., N. Y. Waterbury, Conn, pe : 77 eto St, a Eomen ne (In Sheets, Rods, Tubing or Wire), Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs, 183 Lake St., Chicago. New York City. BRASS & IRON COPPER & BRASS RIVETS AND BURS. Rome, New York. JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL, German Silver Spoons, BROWN & BROTHERS, | SILVER PLATED FORKS & SPOONS, Kerosene Burners, &c. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Agents for y BRASS, COPPER AND} "°°?" Sow. nr GERMAN SILVER | _* toe sear street. now vor un snes, nous, woes, wire, ranine | PASSAIC ZING CO, Rivets, and Bu Manufacturers of POLISHED COPPER": | pute Spelter Inder Patent of T. James, Sept. r2, 1876, . ™ : Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. PATENTED SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER Cartridge Brass, és Fixtures, Bronzes HOUSE BOILERS, warranted to stand 200 Ibs. AND ALL FINE WORK. BRAZIERS & SHEATHING COPPER, |" ee Also for PATENTED SPRING TEMPERED | SHANK.| @oivanizers & B —— Kettles, Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, &c. | SIL .VER-PLATED, FLAT TABLE WARE, in ricb esigus. ’ MANNING & SQUIER, Gen'l Agents NEW YORK. iis & S00 street, N. Mi , GERMAN SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS. >P _ Geo. W. Prentiss & Co.., w aterbury, Conn., NOVELTIES IN BRASS AND OTHER METAL GOODS MANUFACTURERS OF FOR HARDWARE TRADE. DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO., Importers of Tin Plate, Pig Tin, Sheet Iron, Copper, Wire, Zinc, Etc, 29 & 31 Cliff St., cor. Fulton, DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool. NEW YORK. 81 Chambers St., N. Y. MANUFACTURERS OF Waterbury, Conn. THE NEW HAVEN COPPER CoO., SOLE MAKERS OF Antimony, Solder & Old Metals. 100 John Street, New York. ALSO MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN 290 Pear! Street - IRON AGE. | The Plume & Atwood SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, | Copper Electrical Wire, Pins, Lamp Trimmings, &c. Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing. | Particular attention paid to cutting out Blanks BRASS & COPPER WIRE, Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, -PHILIP L MOEN, President and Treasurer. CHAS. F. WASHBURN, Vice President & Secre WASHBURN & MOEN evan ee Co WORCESTER. MASS, Supprrenes 1831... MANUPAOCTUBEES 9F WATERBURY. C. TRON and STEEL. WIRE, poy Steel a Fencing, Patent Steel Wire Bale Ties. WIRE RO Iron, Rivet quality, 3-16 oy ength. O sive Operators of the PATENT CON’ ONTIN OUS 8 ROLLT G MILL, ay iren and Bree! winzc! mated roducing Iron and Steel W i K tr D coils of 100 pounds, without szam o ent Galvan i Wire, Market and Sto i. Annealed Fence and Grape Wire in long lengtha Coppered Pall-Ba: twine, Rppe, Brid Bolt, Screw, Rivet. be xi le and Chain Wire. Wire for the manufactu f Car ge | Heddles, Reeds, &c. ano- -string Cove ering Wi A specialty is made of Clock, Machinery, Gun Screw and uiar purposes, m selected stam gf No Wire furnished, Annealed n nt, Pol lished, Cop ered, Gal antsed or Tin Plated. Wire Turner: “3 peline wi fatent Linen finish. Purivated Steel Musi Wire. Stee) Wire for Springs, Needles oad Bril Is. Market Stee] Wire kept in stock, all s m {New York, 16 Cliff, and 241 Pearl = WAREHOUSES!) cuicage, 107 and 109 Lake St. HOWARD & MORSE, Warehouse: 45 Fulton Street, NEW YORK, Manufacturers of , — Iron, Brass & Copper CW w WIRE CLOTH. N Le 1 b Plain and Ornamental Wire Work, Wire Fence & Railing, Cuitic Wrowent ‘iron DOOR AND WINDOW GUARDS, OFFICE RAILINC, Ho, Somer Hay- ie t Hand. lron Stable Fixtures. Window Guard. No.¢ . PATENT LOOPED WIRES, FOR TIES AND CAN OPENERS, Cut any Length required, from six to twenty three inches. TRENTON IRON CO. Trenton, New Jersey. DY BY XX ey RN Ny i} YN OX ron Frame Window Gt Guard. No NEW YORK OFFICE: COOPER, HEWITT & CO., ‘Philadelphia Office : 17 Burling ‘Slip. 21 North!Fourth Street. WIRE ROPE HAZARD MFG CO WAREROOMS : s7 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK. Works: PA... WiILREsSBARRE, This advertisementchanged weekly. IRON WIRE. ® rought Iron and Brass Machine Screws; Turned, Hexagon, Round and Square Head Cap and Set Screws; Brass and (ron Safety ana Jack Chain; Gilt, Nickel Plated and Bro i ings kinas. from Sheet Iron, Steel or Brass. — ae “= Ksumates on patented articles, or any description of Sheet Metal work. respectfully solicited and rompuy xiven. Bright, "hoa ‘Rameated ‘end Tin Plated. Also GUN SCREW WIRE Of all sizes straightened and cut to order. BRODERICK & BASCOM ROPE CO., MANUFACTURERS OF 2) eda eee Rt) ep aan MD IRON WIRE ROPE. STEEL WIRE ROPE, 728 N. Main St., St. Louis, Mo. WORCESTER WIRE cO., IRON AND STEEL , . WIRE For all Purposes. ORCESTER, MASS, BROWNING, SISUM & CO., 85 Chambers St., Mapufacture Staples, andev yang E percotoates' to wire bending i actory, Belt Hoeks, Cotters. spring Keys. D Rings _ 1919 to 923 N. Main &St., ST. LOUIS, MO. IOWA BARB WIRE CO. 87 Liberty St, New York, IOWA TRON POSTS. These are formed of a solid piece of wrought iron, are 614 feet long, 30 inches of which are set in the ground, and are punched for four lines of wire 12 inches apart. The Bart Wire can be fastened on, either by short pieces of wire passed around and through the holes and twisted or tied in a knot, or by common staples clinched on the opposite side. These posts can be set without digging holes, although in extremely hard ground it is advisable to drive down a crowbar or piece of iron before putting down the post. They weigh about 10 pounds. List Prices, for regular size as above (extra when different length or number of holes) : IRON POSTS, Painted, 45 Cents. Galvanized, 60 Cents. A. LESCHEN | & SONS, Manufacturers of ‘SouM| ‘Suyyworg dwey Correspondeuce invited. November 8, 1883 November 8, 1883. THE IRON AGE. 3 ee i i — See eeacaiseneeaerooeaeeeane CARY & MOEN, fo it R s Manuf t 7 RO. LINDEMANN & CO., STEEL WIRE for ali purposes and STEEL SPRINGS of every description. <—- f 254 Pear! St., paceman — . NEW YORK. Market Steel Wire, Crinoline Wire, tempered and covered. Also Patent Tempered Steel en a ane on hand, __ | 234 |, 236 and 238 West 2Oth | Street, NE Ww YORK, \ Manufacturers of i rh tlie, Japanned, Brass, ( ~ e rm) Conductors’ ~ re 3 Revolving Tin Plater e . > > : Punch, Flower Stand. Wrought-iron Fence Chair. Punch. = 2: s2> and Wood SR ese THE FRED. J. MEYERS MANUFACTURING CO., (chababakd in = 3 $ 2S 6= SK COVINGTON, Ky., ai BIRD = NS NS S SS S Manufacturers of #6 aS: S$ 2 WIRE GOODS OF ALL KINDS, os CAGES ae SS | ek Wrought-iron Fencing, Cresting and Hardware Specialties, is = © RS nS SS = ae 4 Send for Illustrated Catalogue of 1883. . Original Saventers re = Ss = BS ¢8 : ] and paten of = S SS >< ~ Als. Sand Screen. » Bright Metal ‘Cages, ih s = Guard. Dy ie) Ee constructed without e > S J . os has 4k Mes AAS wad ‘ia rn g w wt yo S sad CMBR SER RELA Ke am ~ Wire Counter Kailing Moc oy Bird Cage C wT Sand ona Grain Ric idle. ast IRON AND BRASS RIVETS, LUDLOW-SAYLOR WIRE CO., Studs, Pins, Screws, &c., = For Manufacturers of Light Hardware, BLAKE & JOHNSON, Waterbury, Conn. POPE, COLE & Co. | BALTIMORE SLEIGH SHOE STEEL, rolled WIRE, WIRE CLOTH, WIRE ROPE, Counter Railings, Window Guards, Iron and Wire Fences, COPPER WORKS, from solid Steel Billets, either PLAIN AND BARBED FENCING WIRE. No. -57 South Gay St., BALTIMORE, MD., Flat, Oval, Tapered, Half THE CU.SER TS T& BENNETT MFC. co. WROUGHT IRON FENCES, FOR RESIDENCES, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PARKS, &c., &c, Bank and Office Railing, Window Cuards, c= IRON AND BRASS BEDSTEADS, .<=2 For Prisons, Asylums, Hospitals, Jails, &c., absolutely vermin-proof. Have always on hand and for sale i Mais. Georgetown, Conn., eect Round, Concave or Convex. _ ; ue te, Same ont Also CUTTER SHOES, tem- hi : Wire Cloth, PLENEL? ron pered, bent and finished. » RR gee ecg pee "rameter ne ee GAUTIER STEEL DEPART- ee {ASCPACTUREN oF MENT of Cambria Iron Co., NCE evolving Coal Screens Johnstown, Pa. Tinners’ Riddles. Wire Cloth © oe Rage Sg m Made and| NEW WORK OFFICE: PHILADELPHIA OFFICE: CLEVELAND, - - - - OHIO. 104 Reade St. s 523 Arch St. WIRE AND IRON WORK OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. — . [No. 51.] tw Send for Catalogue, stating your wants, and we will make estimate. Mention this paper Bergen Port Spelter. THE E. T. BARNUM WIRE AND IRON WORKS, DETROIT, MICH. OU. &. A. MIN WORKS & FURNACES, a a = Lehigh Valley, Pa. Bergen Port, N. J Ss aay Ergun ee - THOMPSON McCOSH, President JOHN A. McCOSH, Sec. and Treas, The only Miners and Manufacturers of CHARLES A. OTIS, President. SAM’L ANDREWS, Vice President. SAM'L A. SAGUE, General Manager. == Sane PURE THOS. JOPLING, Treasurer. JOHN C. ANDREWS, Secretary. OY ED, LEHICH THE AMERICAN WI SPELTER DRAWERS BE COMPANY, ron lees «es eee WI R = "OF EVERY Cartridge Metal and German Silver. ____—sSSTEEL DESCRI DESCRIPTION Also manufacturers of BERGEN PORT OXIDE ZINC. GALVANIZED, TINNED AND COPPERED WIRE, Sugantes for Liguip Paiyxt on account of its body wearing properties, High Grade and Fine Quality Wires a Specialty. "BERCEN PORT ZINC CO. E. A. FISHER, Agent, 13 Burling Slip, N. Y. CLEVELAND, OHIO. EDES, MIXTER & HEALD ZINC CO., MANUFACTURERS OF - “4 eC os URE us Ft RED Z MOLDERS’ TOOLS, FOUNDRY FACING, PEl TE R : MOLDING SAND, i oo FOUNDRY SUPPLIES, SAME SAAB ss OS Made from'the Company’s Celebrated er J. A. EMERICK & CO., Imperial Zine Mines. a eS 1056 to 1076 Beach St., PHILADELPHIA. It is Soft and Ductile, and of very unusual strength. Is especially adapted for Cartridge Brass, German siiver aud all Fine Work. Z, L ° INCORPORATED 1 SALES OFFICE ESTABLISHED 1837 876. PLYMOUTH, MASS. WORKS AND MINES: KNOXVILLE, TENN. Waterbury Nitg. Co. WIRE SICNS, Root Cresting , Casting Brushes, Sand and Coal Screens, WEATHER VANES AND STABLE FIXTURES. Send for Catalogue. Mention this Paper. H, 8. Cuasz, Sec’y. C. F. Pops, Treas. le Wire Fence Rail, manufactured by the ADDRESS ALL COMMUNIC a ATIONS TO SALES) etek Sikes teak sabadebia Poasten’s Sana Winnbtiadl pe G. M. perenne & C0.) WATERBURY, CONN. meee eee ee ee Chambe rain, Coxe & callie: Western Agents, 89 Lake St,, Chicago, Ill, wtuccrnme oF Brass Goods. c. w. x H. W. MIDDLETON, Brass, Iron & Steel Keys, PERSE MEDS SOS Office, 945 Ridge Ave., PHILADELPHIA, Locksmiths’ and Bellhangers’ Supplies, | Bxbibittone ef, titers’ at Phitadeipnia’ 157%, Paris and only, Award and Modal ee oe t 4 A LS HARDWARE SPECIALTIES. CLARK, BUNNETT & CO., Limited, IRON STEE L. PIP ‘ ' Original! Inventors and Sole Patentees of _ : tilustrated Catalogue Furnished on Application.| = Wyisaleags, Self-Coiling, Revolving Steel Shutters. Railroad and Ship Spikes. Also Brass and Nickel Plated | "ive o04 Burgier Proot Also, tmproved Rowine Weds Senreane Of various Kinds, and. Fateas AGENTS FOR Suspender Buckles, | Office and Manufactory, - = 162 & 164 West 27th Street New York. — NOVELTIES OF ALL KINDS, MADE EI PHER OF N N & SCHWERTE IRON AND STEEL WIRE WORKS, 66 vse vat on win era. | BY DEN Se warrseatens Sener Allis Patent Steel “Buck Thorn” Barb Fence, The largest Wire Works in the world. Make, on 12 trains, STEEL AND IRON WIRE RODS of all dimensions and descriptions. SCREW, RIVET, NAIL AND CHAIN RODS, SPECIALTIES. _Ameaican BRONZE WORKS. had Go v9 ° “ , ms a) | dee ENGRAVING SOLE GENTS FOR THE UNITED STATES nze and Brass ‘Geet ngs and Ornamental Coa ngs TIAN WaT ww oirtTMaN <& MicHiEN T si, Car and Lovomotive oe SEND COPY FOR Lp A aed Fae tn clase ly oy 8 Wi Uta puree NEW YO ’ Sr Loves ieee 23 Columbus Street, C -AND, OFTDIOD, 1T wit Pay You )}702 CHESTNUT THE IRON AGE. November 8, 1983, OGDEN & WALLACE, |Marshall Lefferts &C.. QO XFORDW.D. WOOD & C0.’S 85, 87, 89 & 91 Elm St., New York. 90 Beehman St., New Fork Otty | MANUFACTURERS OF ae IRON AND NAIL C0.., lron and Steel pa ni7ed Sheet ro,'Cut Nails Agents for Park Brother & Co.’s Best Bloom, Best Refined and Common. sla, z SNOW SHOES BLACK DIAMOND STEEL. | oirind cand iron drivanized Rog and Bar trom, a. Py of Cast and Machinery Steel constantly Pais anized Nails, Galvanized Chain, Galvanized Iron S P | K & Ss. ROADSTER CORRUGATED SHEET IRON | , — PATTERN, S. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, For Roofing, &c., Galvanized, Plain or Painted e PIERSON & C0,, Best Charcoal, Best Refined and Gommon| #1 88 and 85 Washington Aree =| Dl anighed Sheet [ron. SHEET IRON. ee ee ee Patented March r4th, 1865 ; April 8th, 1873 Established 1790, Plate and "l‘ank Iron, | JOHN W. QUINCY & C0., | Sept. oth, 1873 ; Oct. 6th, 899; Jan. 11, it. STEEL TOE CALKS. ’ | aranteed fully equal in all respects to the 24 & 26 Broadway, 77 & 79 New St. wor fa Las yk ‘io Xo. 1 Flange, Best rungs | 98 ‘William St., New York, Extra Quality Homogeneous Steel 41, pesoasrTiows 0” IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, Quality Homogeneous Stee NEW YORK CITY. ‘ : end-as *. Sai Iron Work Galvanized or Tinned to Order. a mue price. Price list and quotations sent upon application. | c at Nails, English Pg ron Lead, and FOR SALE BOI LE H p LATE , talsGenerally, by all the prineipal Ulster -lron. some MERCHANT, IRON MILLS, | HARRISON&GILLOON METAL DEALERS tm rites «towiyin , 2 Manufacturers of the best arene of T DEALERS, In the Large Cities throughout ut ai $ an j eS ate an eet All Sizes and Shapes kept in Stock.| Bar Iron, Bands and Fine Hoops. + «= «= waren st. es2,n, x0 cuenny sr.| THE UNITED STATES, bien ot deattlolbons Scrolls, Ovals, Half Ovals, Half Rounds, Hexagon and NEW YORK, And heir OM ABEEL BROG,, | itis isin eihe Mi iatte SI | msn ny ena omer ete anal 111 Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA. |SHOENBERGER & CO., "™*#."=™ — 3 hammer. Orders may be sent to the Millor Scotch and American. Pig Iron, Wrought, Cast to J CARPENTER, our Agent, at 59 John | Machinery Scrap Iron, Car W heels, Axles IS TAOY? | sccnenaniedceaivadinpnaiiamsdasenmeinpeenamnencmaalaanieats t Came, (aw rons 100 COUT WE. Street, New Vorke New ork. a it Iron j also ol old Copper, Composition, Brass, SYRACUSE MALLEABLE | WwW H E E LI My C | “ ” \FOX & DRUMMOND, : “CxTABAUQUA” IROM, RAILWAY BURDEN'S IRON WORKS, N A a S ALLENTOWN SHAFTING, SYRACUSE, N. Y. ° ° : COMMON IRON, Axo HORSE SHOES Laughlin Nail Co., And full assortment of sizes of the best brands of | ‘R oO L . i N Cc aA I L f s Mower and Reaper Castings PTT Ty TT ' REFINED IRON, JUNCTION IRON CO., rennd Bend, Hoon, Beroll and Angie iron. Cast, Spring, MATERIAL. . . and oe Irons a Joint Yearly Capacity Over ; ; : ecialty. TELEPHONE CALL, “ NASSAU, 379 68 WALL STREET, B d B Pp Se ee ee ee UI en esi Ww. B. BURNS, Proprietor, 600, 000 KEGS, A. BR. WHITNEY & CO., NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS OF AND DEALERS IN ZT Fe OD Tar ” JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO., cO., lron SCOTCH AND AMERICAN C.W. LEAVITT, ‘ew" youre” Manager Sales Dep' NEW AND SECOND-HAND Rails and Railway Equipment PIG and BAR IRON, OLD RAILS and SCRAP. 56, 58 and 60 Hudson St., ne AE 95 and 97 Thomas St. Pp i re j R O N AGENCIES 3 General Agent ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILLS. pla FORKS, Homo-| No, t., New Yor oer niveis. F. W. JESUP @ CO., ~ KEYSTONE ROLLING MILL, Limited BA STATE IRON co, Tank, Boiler and Girder i Railway Supplies and Equipment. ieatianiciiti Ne. 67 Liberty St.. NEW YORK. Agents NASHUA IRON AND STEEL CO., STEEL LOCOMOTIVE TYRES, HOMOGENEOUS <r Fre © INT STEEL BOILER PLATFS, IRON S AND STEEL AXLES, CRANK PINs, PISTON RODS, 8 &c. IRON AND STEEL LOCOMOTIVE FORGINGS. Pittsburgh, - - - Pa. -| CORRUGATED AND CRIMPED IRON Bonnell, Botsford & Co.. ims ROOFING & SIDING, F Iron purine, ornices, | atic. ecuaerrec| [ron Nails & Spikes. MOSELEY IRON BRIDGE AND ROOF CO., | E 5 Dey Street, New York. YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. GLENGARNOCK AND CARNBROE SCOTCH PIG IRON, tor spot delivery, and for prompt or forward shipments to New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore or New Orleans. For sale by or JAMES LEE & CO., Sole Agents for the United States. 72 Pine Street, NEW YORK. Plates. BRANDYWINE ROLLING MILL, Boiler Plates. ‘ GLASGOW TUBE WORKS, Boiler Flues. CARNEGIE BROS. ng = 90 Broadway, New York. The Burden lron Company Iron Beams, Channels and Shapes. ™~? N.Y, Bessemer Steel Shafting, Plain and Polished. WIRE NAILS Plans and estimates furnished and contracts | Tuckerman, Mulligan & Co made for erecting lron Structures of every descrip- | tion. Books containing cuts of all iron made sent | ae nan phaappilation mail Sainole views atomic” (CARMICHAEL & EMMENS| (J L s T ER | 130, 132 & 134 Cedar St., New York, and | I ee Nos. 21, 23,25 & 7 West Lake St., Chicago, Ill. BORDEN & LOVELL, | igon AND STEEL BOILER PLATE. BURDEN’s Commission Merchants, | ,..\2”¥el%e4 Boiler Tubes, tc, ae A.B. & S. Bar Iron. Agent for The Costesville Iron oo. The. anes Roll Beam Mills, and Onion Tube Works rought iron | Also Best Grades of 70 & 71 West St., ‘ams, s, Angles, Tees, Rivets, a el & i dee { — new yorx. PITTSBURGH TOOL CO | Amerie & English Refined Iron. FREELAND All sizes and shapes in stock. Successors to Agents for the sale of ALKER & CROMLISH, EGLESTON BROS, & CO., Fall River tron Co.’s Nails, | Twist Drilis, Reamers, Taps and 166 South St., MACHINISTS? SPECIAL TOOLS, 267 Front St. '{ NEW YORK CITY. 108 MMR Strect, BOSTON, MASS. 170 Washington Street, CHICAGO. Bands, Hoops & Rods, sschine, car and Bridge, Bolts, Set and Cap LEECHBURG IRON WORKS. I LIGHT MACHINE FORGINGS A SPECIALTY. | FRANK L. FROMENT, Borden Mining Company’s p, 0. nox 1060, Pittsburgh, Pa. | / ~ «112 John 8t., KIRKPA TRICK ,& CO-+ Cumberland Coals. FACTORY : ow, 4a...7" FINE SHEET IRONS, st St Corner North & Irwin Avenues, Allegheny, re AGENT FOR P d Iron Work ~SF, _ WILLIAM H. WALLACE & C0.. VOUGHT & WILLIAMS, iisidercresk Iron Ce. fel. DEALERS IN Marshall Iron Co., Refined Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Iron, zo.) NATURAL GAS USED AS FUEL. OFFIOB, No, 143 First Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. WORKS, Lecohburg, Pa. IRON MERCH ANTS| Horse Shoes and Horse Nails, Tire Mater Ca —— JAMES W. ROSS, Spring, Toe Calk, Machinery and IMPORTER OF AND FURNACE AGENT FOR y Cor. Albany & Washington Sts. Tool Steel, Bolts, Rasps, Files, | \ Patent Foot and A day Pow NEW YORK CITY. Drilling Machines, &c. \SecaahWoskebop” p34 SCO Wa. H. Wantace, Wx. Bisrnau.| 288 Greenwich St., New York. | rj nw BH Wo odor Met oe oriners MANUFACTURERS AGEN Saamnnein * en ag = a, Bar Lron, Car Wheels, Axles, Rails ial ealinnal Supplies. GARRY IRON ROOFING COMPANYDT EEvTesre Catstogns ond Frise SOLE AGENT est manatacten “rs ef Iron IRON ORE PAINT AND CEMENT. Koofing in the world. Manu facturers of all kinds of b W. F. & JOHN BARNES, Rockford, WHITAKER IRON COMPANY, No. 2040 Main St. OF WHEELING, W. VA., MANUFACTURERS OF . IRON ROOFING 152-158 MERWIN STREET, SHEET IRON TANK AND FIRE BED . Crimped and Corrugated Siding, CLEVELAND, 0. B. F. JUDSON, | 36 DEARBORN ‘STREET CHICAGO. ; xx Iron Tile or Shingle, Send for Cintas and Price Supaster of ond Sager te in a (x ——_—__—__— = scoron ano American = BIRMINGHAM IRON FOUNDRY, PASSAIC ROLLING MILL CO., | Pig iron, BIRMINGHAM, CONN. Manufacture and have always in stock ROLLED IRON BEAMS, Channels, Angles, Tees, Merchant Bars, Riveted Work, Forgings, Eye Bars, &c, PATERSON, N. J. Wrought & Cast Sap ron SHEARS, : OLD M ETALS. TO CUT FROM 4-INCH ROUND OR SQUARE, TO HOOP IRON, WITH OR WITHOUT ENGINE ATTACHED, den HIRE! MW YOR) SQuUEEAERS. S| ROTARY OR ALLICATOR. <> > Boom » 4 stor ouse, New or Zz EE Pe ge ae pepe oe ———- — 9 —| Manhattan Rolling Mill Chilled Rolls and Rolling Machinery Generally. Ss C u T N A i L e. NEW YORK orrsmc E: 95 LIBERTY STREET. J. LE Oo N aq R D, : Joun J. Browxns, Presid jent. - "ALEXANDER ‘BURNS, Manager. Ww é' 445 10451 West Sty 177 4179 Bank. HE JERSEY CIVY GALVANIZING Co., ’ Hot Pressed Nuts, / Bolts, Washer S, &e, | NEW NOME, CALVANIZED MATERIAL OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. DOVER IRON CO.8 | HOR SE SHOE | RON, Galvanized Sheet Iron sient Bloom, ee ae i. Galvanized Round, Square Band and BoiIiLAaR RIVET s, *™ — a ote ONEY, All Sizes All Gauges : DA N of Corrugauon and Boiler Brace Ja $ Washington 8t., N. nes Sines Brace Jaws, Socket Bolts, &¢ BOILER PLATES AND SHEET IRON, ot Shee LAP-WELDED BOILER FLUES, vif to 5 tnshen. Se LER BRO nid recthaes tee Cha = ae tr z te Works ow, tr “Re Joe Bs i ato: Corrugated Sheet lron a Specialty, Galvanised, Black and Painted. Lrom Corrugated for the Trade. ‘ Pivs ar te Sa mas & Rer . Jron'an is se - getimates furnished or application. 139 Greenwich Street, New York. « celebrated Bolier ivets; Homogeneous Steel, | woRKs GREEN AND BAY STREETS, JERSEY CITY, NJ. OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE, 98 JOHN STREET, NEW YORY, ofl er al sd Pare aia Plesha. November 8, 1883. HENRY LEVIS & €0., Manufacturers’ Agents rg Iron and Steel Rails, Car Wheels, Boiler and Sheet “~ and General Railway Old Ralls, Axles, om a Wheels’ bought and sold. 234 8. 4th St., Philadelphia. siemens’ Regenerative GAS FURNACE. RICHMOND & POTTS, 119 + Fourth s, PHILADELPHIA, b Cambria Iron and Steel Works. The Cambria Iron Co., The Cambria Iron Co., ving enjoyed a reputation for more’ than a | having acquired the entire ownership of the ha juarter of a py or fair dealing and excel- WIRE AND STEEL MILLS lence of its manufactures, has now a capacity of J Of the GAUTIER STEEL CoO., Limited, will con- { 50 000 Tons of Iron & Steel Rails tinue to produce all their specialties, such as Mer- ’ chant Steel, Plow Steel, Wagon and Carriage And most approved patented Springs, Rake Teeth and Harrow Teeth, Agricul- tural Implement Steel and Railway Fastenings. ALL KINDS OF WIRE, Address | Well-known for superior quality of material and CA MBRIA IRON COMPANY, | excellence of workmanship. 218 South Fourth Street, Philadelphia, or at Works, Johnstown, Pa.., or Lenox Snuth, Selling Agent, 46 Pine St., __New Y ork. THE PHCENIX IRON CO., 410 Wainut Street, PHILADELPHIA. Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. WROUCHT IRON ROOF TRUSSES, CIRDERS & JOISTS, and all kinds of Iron Framing used in the construction of Fire Proof Buildings, PATENT WROUGHT IRON COLUMNS, WELDLESS EYE BARS, and built up shapes fo Iron Bridges, REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and every variety of SHAPE IRON made to order. Plans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. NEW YORK AGENTS, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty Street. BOSTON AGENTS, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ALAN WOOD & CoO., MANUFACTURERS OF Patent Planished, Galvanised, Common, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charceal Bicom PLATE ch SHEET IRON. No. 619 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water zie, Smoke Stack, tank and Boat Iron ; Last, Stamping, Ferruie, Locomotive Headlight and Jacket Iron, Ferruie, Locomotive Headlight and Jacket Iron. JAS. ROWLAND & C0, Kensington Iran, Steel & Nail Works, 920 North Delaware Ave., - PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of the ANVIL BRAND REFINED MERCHANT BAR IRON. Also, the James Rowland & Co. Kensington > an cut from Address GAUTIER STEEL DEPARTMENT, Puiurp EF. Cuapry, Gen'l Sup’t, Johnstown. New York Warehouse, 1ro4 gees St. P hiladelphia — w are house, 523 Are h St. Orders solicited er, fank and Boat Iron their Refined Anvil stock. Also, Plow and Cultivator Steel; Skelp Iron a specialty; also Rounds, Squares, Flats, Bands and Hoop : Oe COYD IRON WORKS. -- PENCOYD «ze FP. ROBERTS c&w CO., MANUFACTURERS OF BEAMS, CHANNELS, DECK BEAMS, ANGLES, TEES, PLATES, MERCHANT BAR. A... SHAFTING AND ROLLED OR HAMMERED AXLES OF IRON OR STEEL. Office, No, 26 8, Fourth S8t., Philadelphia, Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Lron. J. WW. PAXSON co CO., DEALERS IN MOULDING SAND, 1021~North Delaware Avenue, PHILADELPHIA, PA., MANUFACTURERS CHARCOAL FACING, ANTHRACITE FACING, SOAPSTONE, ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILL COMPANY, Manufacturers of Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn Tables. General Office, 237 South Third 8t., Philadelphia. Works at Allentown, Pa. SHENANDOAH IRON, LUMBER MINING & MFG. CO.. MANUFACTURERS SUPERIOR COKE PIG IRON FROM NEUTRAL HEMATITE ORES. Also CHARCOAL PIG IRON AND BLOOMS FROM SAME ORES. Works at MILNES, PAGE CO., VA 132 WALNUT 8T., PHILADELPHIA. TWSTICR COX, IR. & CO., Sales Agents, 224 South 4th St.. Philadelphia. LOCOMOTIVE AND CAR-WHEEL TIRES| Manufactured from the celebrated OTIS STEEL BRAND ¢ STANDARD Z Quality and efficiency fully guaranteed. Prices as low as any of the same quality. We manufacture Heavy and Light Forgings, Driving and Car Axles, Crank Pins, Piston Rods, &c. THE STANDARD STEEL WORKS, Works at LEWISTOWN, PA. - 220 S. 4th St., Philadelphia, Pa, X MINERAL, XX MINERAL, IXL FACING, LEAD FACING, RIDDLES, SHOVELS, STEEL BRUSHES, OF Treasurer's Office, Office: - THE IRON Edward J. Etting, TRON BROKER anp COMMISSION MERCHANT, 22:3 S. Third St., Philadelphia, Pa, Pig, Bar and Railroad tron. OLD RAILS, SCRAP, &o. Agent for the MOUNT SAVAGE FIRE BRICK, The Allentown Iron Co. and the Greenwood Rolling Mill. STORAGE WHARF AND YARD DELAWARE AVENUE ABOVE CALLOWHILL STREET, connected by track with railroad. Cash advances made on Iron. Established 1837. A. PURVES & SON, Dealers in Scrap Iron, Metals and Machinery, Cor. South and Penn Sts., Philadelphia, Offer for sale, in lots to suit, Red or Yellow Heavy Scrap Brass; Ingot Brass, best qualities, Ingot Gun Metal made stric tly from Oid Cannon; 8! eam P umps, Shafting Pulleys, &c. Mac hinery and Tools varicus descriptions. c vash paid for Serap Iron and Metals. Isaac V. Luoyp, Jas. G. LINDSaY. LLOYD & LINDSAY, No. 328 Walnut St., PHILADELPHIA, Brokers and General Dealers in Iron and Steel, Railway Equipments and Supplies, Bar, Plate and Sheet Iron, Pig Iron, Rails and Fastenings, Muck Bars, Blooms, Boiler Tubes, Wrought Iron Pipe, &c. Old Rails and Scrap Iron. _ Florida la Yellow Pine, low Pine, cargo lots. J. 0. RICHARDSON, No. 232 Dock St., Philadelphia, DEALER IN Pig Iron, Merchant Bar Iron and Iron Ores. Ethelbert Watts, IRON BROKER AND contars- SION MERCHANT, No. 326 Walnut St., Philadelphia. Pig, Muck and Bar Iron, Scrap, Etc, Also, COKE AND IRON ORES. G. A. HEBERTON, 8. FRANK SHARPLESs, HEBERTON & CO., Selling Agents and Commission Merchants For the sale of Pig, Bloom, Plate, Bar, Sorap, Galvan Black, Sheet, Pips and Hattroaa IRON. No. So. 3d 8t., Ph _ Charcoal Bloom and Pig = epecialty. - L. & R. WISTER & CO., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 230 So, 4th St., Philadelphia. AGENTS Kemble and Norway Foun. ry and Forge Pig Iron. Wyebrooke C. B. Charcoal Pig Iron. DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF SCRAP IRON. - ANDOVER PIG IKON, FOR BEST MILL PRODUCTS. | Andover Chill Iron for Carwheels, &o. Each pig marked exact chill depth (% Inch to % inch), A. Whitney & Son's standard test. | F. A. Comiy, Treas. | J. WESLEY PULLMAS, Agent. 407 Walnut S., PHILADELPHIA. MORRIS, WHEELER & CO., IRON, STEEL & NAILS. WAREHOUSE and OFFICES, | SALES OFFICES, 16th & Market Sts., 400 Chestnut St., PHILA., PA. PHILA., PA. New York Address, 14 CLIFF 8ST, J. J. MOHR, Sole Agent for Sheridan, Leesport, Temple, Millcreek and Mt. Laurel BESSEMER, FOUNDRY AND FORGE PIG IRON, CHARCOAL PIC IRON. 430 Walnut St... PHILADELPHIA, PA BRADLEE & CO., EMPIRE CHAIN WORKS, 816 Richmond 8t., MANUFACTURERS Celebrated “ D, B. G.” Special Crane and Dredging Chains. Careful attention given to Special Dimension Chains and those requiring extra Strength and WwW earing Qualities. CUMBERLAND NAIL AND IRON CO, MANUFACTURERS “Cumberland” Nails and Wrought Iron Pipe, 43 North Water Street and 44 North Delaware Avenue, PHILADELPHIA. J. TATNALL Successors to CABEEN & CU., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 400 Chestnut Street, No. BESSEMER, MILL AND FOUNDRY PIG IRON, SKELP AND FOREIGN ORES. BOOTH, GARRETT & BLAIR, ANALYTICAL AND CONSULTING CHEMISTS, 919 and 921 Chant St. AGE. JUSTICE COX, Jr. JUSTICE COX, JR., & CO., AGENTS FOR CHARLES K. BARNS (Continued prom Page 1.) direct, of the Falun mine are silver, gold, sulphur, sulphuric acid, red ocher, copperas and vitriol. The gold, though little in quan | tity, is made to pay the costs of a large pro- duction of copperas. The year 1650 saw the greatest output, amounting to 65,000 cwt., or about 3200 tons, of copper. In 1834, owing to floods and other hindrances, but little more than 209 tons were realized. In 1878 the mine yielded in the neighborhood CHICKIES, CONEWAGO, MCNTGOMERY ANT SHENANDOAH Foundry & Forge Pig Iron. CARBON ROLLING MILL CO., Limited, Best Quality Muck Bar. CATASAUQUA MFG, CO,’S Bar, Angle, Skelp and Sheet Iron. Shenandoah (Va.) Best Charcoal Blooms, | No. 294 80, Fourth 8t., PHILADELPHIA of 700 tons of copper and 22 pounds of *| gold. To give some idea of what this Falun mine has produced during the space of 60> years or more that it has been operated, it may be remarked that the weight of copper is estimated at 460,000 tons, representing a capital of $175,000,000, and that the value of the other produc ts amounts to $3,000,000, | Falun mine is one of the principal copper mines of Sweden, and by far the most inter- esting. There are, however, several others |(Atvidaberg, Nya Kopparberg) which now | rival the Falun mine both in the richness of their ores and in point of production. SILVER BLAKEY & WALBAUM, 206 S. Fourth St., PHILADELPHIA, 55 & 57 Pine Street, New York, GENERAL MERCHANDISE BROKERS SPECIALTIES NEW AND OLD RAILS, BLOOMS, BESSEMER PI@, Spiegeleisen Iron Ores AND RAILROAD SUPPLIES GENERALLY. Sole Agents for the United States for | The North Lonsdale Iron and Steel Co., Limited. Bessemer Pig Iron, brand “* ULVERSTON.” | Malleable Pig Iron, brand ** UY. MH. M."’ B. ALLEN & CO.’S DINAS FIRE BRICKS. Of silver den has, to mines, properly so called, Swe Mr. Moen’s knowledge, none, jut there are a number of places where |silver bearing ores are found. Prominent j}among these latter, and sharing with Falun ithe honor of being one of Sweden’s oldest mines, are the extensive works at Sala. | Here, too, tradition has been busily at work to throw about the operations the glamor of jantiquity. People say that the mine was known and worked as early as 700. It is not absolutely certain that any mine was opened here before the end of the fourteenth century, while the principal field was not discovered before 1511. A scientific or even | rational method of breaking out ore was un | known in the early days of the Sala mines. It was enough that ore was there and could be taken out in one way or another. The work progressed. The miners followed the vein as it descended at an angle of 45’, or nearly parallel to the surface of the ground above. The opening of the mine assumed almost colossal dimensions, for the breadth of it finally reached 240 feet. The labor naturally became both harder and more dangerous the deeper the excavations were made. It was difficult to free the mine from water, which was drawn up in barrels by horse-power. The ore had to be raised in much the same way, and there was the ever-threatening risk of a terrible caving in. Nothing else could be expected after the way in which the rock had been broken and under- mined, for, besides the fact that there was the unsupported opening just referred to, subterranean passages had been driven and no pillars left to bear up the enormous weight of the mass above. In 1571 two great falls occurred, by which nearly all the workings were rendered inac- cessible. Those which could still be reached were operated only with the greatest dan N. JEROME KEELEY & CO.. 206 Walnut Place, Philadelphia. SELLING AGENTS FOR CHARCOAL and ANTHRACITE BLOOMS, PIG IRON, BAh IRON, SHEET IRON, STEEL and IRON RAILS, IRON CL AD STEEL RAILS and BARS, MAGNE TIC and HEMATITE IRON ORES FIRE BRICK, COAL and ‘OKE. MUCK BARS. Handle Old Iron and Steel | Rails, Scrap Iron &c. Examine and negotiate sales of Iron and Coal properties. E. H. Wilson. A. Kaiser. J. B. M. Hirons, E. H. WILSON & CO., 230 Seuth Third Street, Philadelphia. BROKERS AND DEALERS IN IRON AND STEEL. Corre apenmence s¢ solicited, EDMUND D. SMITH. 147 So. 4th St., Philadelphia, BROKER FOR THE SALE OF ALL GRADES FOREIGN & DOMESTIC IRON ORES, _ Spiegeleisen, Pig Iron and Structural tural Iron, J. W. HOFFMAN & CO., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 308 South Fourth St., Philadelphia, SELLING AGENTS, PINE IRON WORKS, Pine Brand Plates; GLASGOW IRON CO, Plates and Muck Bars ; SPRANG STEEL & [RON CO. (Limited), Siemens-Martin (O; en-Hearth) m : oe. Universal and Sheared Plates, Angles and|ger. This necessitated Carl 1X, the mon- She 8 . ° . = arch then reigning, to call upon foreign engineers, who were more at home in min- ing matters than the natives themselves. Germans were placed at the head of affairs at Sala, and improvements, if slow to begin with, were made not only there, but also at Falun, and other places as well. A more orderly system was introduced ; closer at- tention was paid to the future, and as results there followed increased production, dimin- ished expenses and fewer accidents. The Crown, which, during the time of Gustaf Wasa and the great Gustaf Adolf, had shown a lively personal interest in mining, continued to mark with favor all their deal- ings with the mines from which the State derived so important a part of its revenue. Sala was not forgotten, and it remains to- day one of the most prominent of Swedish industrial works. Attention should be called to a curious provision in one of the privi- leges accorded to the mine, and it may serve } as a type of other not less curious privileges granted by the Crown to mines and works, for, however antiquated and useless some other more important guarantees are made to depend on them. The |document in question provides that the owners of the mines shall be furnished, at the expense of the Government, with the wood necessary to carry on their operations, under the condition that it shall all be con | sumed in the mine itself. This was given at a time when powder was not in use for the | purpose of driving shafts, as has been ex plained, and wood was even then dear and hard to get Yet to this day in some por tions of the the wood is burned as it was centuries ago, for, were it not, the char | ter of the mine might be revoked. The Sala | ore is lead glance, or galenite. It occurs in | limestone rock, and is accompanied princi pally by copper and other metallic sulphides, | which assist in reducing the lead. Antimony, | nickel and zine are commonly combined with REUBEN HAINES, CHEMIST, 738 Sansom St., Philadelphia. Analysis of Ores of Iron and other Metals, Pig Iron and Steel. Assay of Gold and Silver Ores. Water Analysis for Manuf’i ing and Household Use. Danville Nail and Mfg. Co. NAILS. DANVILILE, PA. INO L. HOGAN, IRON COMMISSION “MERCHANT, 413 WALNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA, FOUNDRY, MILL AND BESSEMER PIG IRON. Plate, Bar, Railroad and Structural Iron, 8peigeleisen, Ores. Connellsville Coke. Correspondence solicited, may be, PHILADELPHIA, OF THE the ore. Lead is, of course, the chief pro