The Iron Age 1883-03-15: Vol 31 Iss 11

The Iron Age - , A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. Vol XXXII: No. rt. BY A. 8. Any process which has for its object the preservation of iron and steel from rust, and/iron retort, The Bower-Barff Process. | BOWER, C. E.* air, and several experiments were made to | this end, which, however, were very varied | in character, as also were they in the results obtained. The first was made with cast iron | by placing the articles to be treated in a cast- heated externally, and then which will make these metals more applica-| passing superheated air over them, and it ble than they now are to the requirements | was successful, while nearly all others after- of mankind, will be sure to meet*with{atten- | ward were quite the reverse, as sesquioxide tion from members of this Association, and from all those who are either en- gaged in the extraction of the ore, itsreduction to metal, or the subsequent application LLLLL ELLE oe combination only, I came to the conclusion that, to form the lower or magnetic oxide, the quantity of free oxygen, and so of the air employed, must bear some proportion to the surface of the articles exposed to its action, more especially when a comparatively low heat is employed. This is so, and it has been proved that the quantity of air passed through the retort during most of the unsuc oxide in close proximity with the iron, due to the reducing influence of the metal in con- | tact with the sesquioxide at an elevated tem appearance, ever, of iron so treated was disagreeable, to The mode of action then adopted was to admit a few cubic feet of air into the retort at the commencement perature, The general say the least of it. how I 82.50 a rear, including LOSbAG Ce Single Copics, Zen Cents, by first dipping them all into a tank of water of known area, lifting them out. and noticing the amount of water taken out the tank by the wetted surface, and regu pos sible, lating accordingly a slow, continuou supply by meter, of course keeping the t perature of the muffle as nearly « mstant This, too, was successful : but the of every half-hour, and then .to leave the | same objections applied to that mode of pro- cedure as to the other. There was commenced a series of experiments with carbonic acid chemically pro- duced by the decomposition of chalk, the idea being that t - (LLL Kkhh hhh etl A al Lad edid { of the metal itself. 4 SSSssx_2 SS Ss } three equiy alents of iron It is, perhaps, not too SOON SSIS SSO \ would unite with four of much to say that with iron carbonic acid, forming one and steel rendered secure a equivalent of magnetic oxide against corrosion and decay, 4 £ and four of carbonic oxide, they will be used to an in- if the heat were sufficiently definitely greater extent than high. This reaction is ex- am they now are. The whole i Ke pressed symbolically thus : realm of science has, there- WHOS ‘ (2)3 Fe+ 4 (CO.) = Fe; O, fore; been explored in the SS SAN . } + 4(CO). This is the sim- D attempt fo discover some plest action that could take method by which the formed _, place, butit was evident from article may be preserved, e ; . 7 the results that something he leaving its strength undi- i quite different was obtained, \er minished ty the destructive inasmuch as the coating was a action of rust. Paints, oils, very light in color, pleasing varnishes, glazes, enamels, . ndiaeamahdamalie we id -#&- to the eye, but easily re- galvanizing, electro-deposit- Cincom © feacquestiig © moved, and in that sense en- ing and what is called ** in- RSS tirely differing from the oxidizing” are among the aera = = Vee eo articles you see before you. many — now . a | theese a : ; / This oe a —— to effect the preservation 0 po Recessed - me Pe — he exactly similar and design- corrosive action of air and _—— Te ae ——=—s manipulation in the furnaces D water. The object of this -~" 6 , in successful operation in paper is to show what may ae en England, France and here, be done in protecting iron proves pretty conclusively aes and steel from rust by Fig. 1.—Longitudinal Section of Bower Furnace Along Line 1—2 in Fig. 3 Fig. 2—Transverse Vertical Section Along Line 3—~4 in Fig. 3 that carbonic acid, practi-~ lan forming upon their surface a cally pure, produces upon ad. film of magnetic oxide iron, at an elevated Saw by an inexpensive pro- & ' if temperature, a film oF- cess. It is no new ia : which is, in composi- son thing to be told that VW _—<x<«CKKK« Lk | = sata » ee tion, a mixture ot Ke _ magnetic oxide of iron NX QM MOO XQ KK j VILL LLL lll. O and Fes Oy, or, at is unaffected by ex- N SSS SSS > SSS SS ‘ ; S\N all events, it is nearer posure to the atmos- J fr : ; t ~ N iw IS . the metallic state than phere or to salt water “), yp |} h P} : is magnetic oxide. But ILE for any length of time. / OX Aw . SS SIN ter even supposing that The black sand of “ke _ i , SPM MYA MV{QO NY the results obtained by laranaki, .in New V OS ae . : SS s —— the carbonic acid had 50. Zealand, is a suffici- “aS £- been successful as then ently good example of Vj AN carried out, the objec- this. Doctor Percy AAS tions referred to con- OP’ has pointed out that the SS cerning the air process reason why Russian ASS would still exist, as S. sheet irom is less af- \s pe j external heat and a ected by exposure than SERRA closed iron muffle ach. ordinary sheet iron is Ui . would always be ne- Each. because of a coating MLE_ cessary. I therefore . of magnetic oxide ; Y proposed to use a fuel- but this was not known gas producer, similar until Doctor Percy dis- in principle to the : a covered it. That such Siemens generator, a coating is produced but altered practically is quite certain, but it to suit other require- = is only an accident of ments, fo burn the manufacture. To Pro- combustible gases thus fessor Barff is due the produced with a slight credit of being the excess of air over and first to deliberately above that actually 2 undertake to coat iron required for perfect i - -ombustio ane ‘ is ania conioati Fig. 3.—Horizontal Section Along Line 7—8 in Figs. 1, 2and 5. Fig. 4.—Horizontal Section Along Line g—10 in Figs. 1, 2 and 5. heat po we the =. designedly for the pur- iron articles, placed \ pose of protecting in a suitable brick j their surfaces from rust. chamber, by these products Some 16 or 17 years ago of combustiion. I also ar- i my father was making a = £. 4 Ab ois ee a eS : a — ranged @ continuous regen- 4 ; kikhkhikes 7 a erator of fire-clay tubes series of experiments in the production of heating gases, one set of them being the lecomposition of water by passing guperheated steam through masses of red-hot ron. He noticed that the - SSSSS SS AX SOOM AYA A Sf ff fe ds Fe fe fe fe 8 ee fe bee SO EEF underneath the furnace, so that tha products of com bustion leaving the oxidiz ing chamber passed outside the tubes, imparting a por tion of the waste heat toa iron became less and less JA fp tii them, which was taken uj} tive until it ceased to de- NB OL i i pe LET «by the ingoing cold air pass mpose at all, when, on SW RESeat rn. Gy $= hie . yy ing through their int rou examining it, he saw that it PRES LPS eo ear a ¥ VY its way to’ the ymbustion was coated with a kind of : ' WS tAZ-S VY? chaimbe: I had hoped in enamel. It at once occurred VAAN HY, this way to be able to so him, on seeing this, that VAN “iy regulate the excess of air the process in question might V4A4 aaa ; WY, over that required for com- be used to obtain such a {/ NOAA SO \ A plete combustion as to bo ating, but he found, after MQ QY : YY able to produce magneti: af days’ exposure of the . TOVEEE Mp h fs oxide directly, instead of the ‘ron to the atmosphere, that Aff tf lower and useless oxids the he coating shelled off, and AAA ff combination of oxides pi = pursued the matter no Mise dued by carbonic acid alone the iurther, The iron employed 1/1 1 ie I obtained some beautiful this case was rusty, but oy Aff eT results, and some again wert ithad been new my father Yi unaccountably bad, and I so oor Ud in all human prob- LLL found that it was as dilli lity have been the ac- cult to regulate the pr dental author of the pro- amount of oxidation as it ss which Professor Barff first was in the Besseu ae Pe =. Fig. 5.—Transverse Vertical Section Along Line 5—6 in Fig. 3, Fig. 6.—Horizontal Section Along Line 11—12 in Figs. 1, 2 and 5. risa os Relat spe ame how how advisable it is pe eeney that is t inve r seS — n = a - — . — . . , la sa increased the quanti sis. nage crmggga THE BOWER-BARFF PROCESS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF IRON AND STEEL. af ida denne Seletd ‘ial lessor Barff’s process cou- the products of mbustio in subjecting iron or ‘ , and oxidized the iron ar el articles to the action ol superheated was COopioc isly produced as Well as the mag- | cessful experiments was 300 or 400 times | iron and air to their own device the retort, | ticles to excess during @ fixed period f um, and when they are at a temper- netic Another experiment was made by| more than was actually necessary The | of course, being tightly closed. During each generally 40 minutes when magnetic oxide ture sufficiently high, three equivalents of | placing a bar of polished cast iron in the reasons also why the first experiment was half hour a coating of magnetic oxide was| was formed close to the iron an . esquioxide ron combine with four of oxygen, form- main duct of superheated air to a blast fur-| suceessful were that a great number of | formed, and the operation was repeated as/ over all Then for 20 minutes I ¢! 1 th ‘ng one equivalent of magnetic oxide, and nace, and this, though covered with a red articles were in the muffle, that a very high often as was considered necessary Effect-| air inlet entirely, leaving th >» pgas-valy ‘tting eight of hydrogen free, or eymboli- sesquioxide powder and easily brushed off, | heat was employed, and that the retort had ive as this was for cast iron, the cost if pro-| open, and so reduced the « utside cuat Cally (1) Fe, + 4 (H, O) = Fe; ©, -+ 8 H. had a thia, but very firm and tenacious, coat- | been previously used for coal-gas making, ducing the coating was as great as by the| sesquioxide to magnetic oxi A by the re Upon reading a descriptgon of the Barff | ing of magnetic oxide in contact with the | and had a deposit of carbon in it, which toa Barff process, for both of them required | ducing action of the eombustible gases al Process in the. London Times, it occurred to| iron. This bar has been exposed to the| great extent neutralized the effect of the that the chamber should be heated exter he excess of oxygen in the first instance father that what the Professor could | weather ever since, or over four years, with large excess of air. nally, and this, with large furnaces, 1s very | produces Fe, Os, or sesquloxl le of iron, and ‘t with steam he might also effect with out the slightest appearance of rust. Ulti- All the _unsuceessfully treated articles expensive. Another plan that I adopted | the under surface of this, being in contact Sieh _ mately, when thinking over the fact that| were red with sesquioxide outside ; but there | was to first find out approximately the ex-} with metallic iron, undergoes reduction tq in eed at the annual pe the American | air is oxygen and nitrogen in mechanical | was, nevertheless, a coating of magnetic | tent of the surface of the goods to be treated, ! magnetic oxide in the following manner 5 “Dstitute of Mining Eogineers, February 21st, 1323 3 THE IRON AGE. ANSONIA BRASS & COPPER CO., No. 19 Cliff Street, | Se EN = Phelps Building, NEW YORK, Some BRASS AND COPPER Waterbury Brass Co, ane L, «- - $400,000. het, ‘tn and Platers’ Brass, GERMAN SILVER, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire, | Brass Butt Hinges, BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, Jack Chain, COPPER RIVETS & BURS, | Kerosene Burners, BRASS KETTLES, Door Rail, Brass Tags, PERCUSSION CAPS, POWDER FLASES. Metallic Eye'ets, Shot Pouches, Taoe Measures, &c. And small Brass Wares of every Description. | Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. | Sole Agents for the Capewell Mfg. Co.’s Line of Sport-| Mfg. Company, MANUFACTURERS OF ‘SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, | German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burs, Sheets, Bolts, Rods, Wire, &c. Seamless Brass & Copper Tabing. Ansonia Corrugated Stove Platforms. PURE COPPER WIRE Electrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. Phosphor Bronze Rods for Pumps, &c. ANSONIA * REFINED INCOT COPPER. PHELPS, DODGE & CO., eee oo se Rest Bi 18 Murray Street, New York. 13 Federal Street, Boston. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. Reoiling Mill, Factories, THOMASTON, Ct. Bridgeport Brass Co., 7 SF OR ~— . de , ing Goods. MANUFACTURERS OF Sy IMPORTERS OF DEPOTS Mille At ; T IN PLA TE, (226 Broadway, New York, WATERBURY, | ‘Sheet and Roll Brass, | 9 125 Eddy St, Providence, R. 1. Conn. | Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing, | ROOFING PLATE, Sheet Iron Copper, Pig Tin, Wire, Detroit Copper & Brass Copper and Iron Rivets. Zine a . . eee R l| M | OILERS and CUSPADORES, | LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, a eee 0 Ing l S: LANTERNS and TRIMMINGS, | KEROSENE BURNERS, ‘ Clocks & Fly Fan Movements, | PLUMBERS’ MATERIALS. BRAZIERS’ AND SHEATHING COPPER, ROLLED, SHEET & PLATERS’ BRAS GEKMAN OR NICKEL SILVER, Copper Wire for Electrical and other purposes, Bra; and German Silver Wire, Oopper Rivets and Burrs COPPER BOTTOMS FOR TEA KETTLES AND BOILERS, Cor. Larned & Fourth Sts., Detroit, Mich. ROME IRON WORKS, Manufacturers of Brais, Gilding Metal, Cop- Particular attention paid to cutting out Blanks and manufacturing Meta! Goods. MANUFACTORY, eport, Conn. COPPER AND BRASS. CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. WaREHOUSa, SCOVILL M MFC CO iF BRASS, i HINCES WIRE, CERMAN SILVER. \ —_—_~——_— PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS. BUTTONS, CLOTH AND METAL. ST. LOUIS, MO., MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF . DEPOTS, FACTORIES, | ; 419 & 421 Broome St., N. Y. Waterbury, Conn, per and German Silver : > " 177 Devonshire St., Boston, New Haven, Conn, dn Sheets, Rods, Tubing or Wire), WAR 5 Pee oa 183 Lake St., Chicago NewYork Civ. | COPPER & BRASS RIVETS pace aoe AND BURS. DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO.,)__*tomes New Work: _ Importers ef Tin Plate, Pig Tin, Sheet tron, Copper, | BROWN & BROTHERS, Wire, Zinc, Etc., '81 Chambers St., N. Y. 29 & $1 Clif St., cor, Fulton, DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool. NEW YORK. | THE NEW wave BRASS, COPPER AND | WATERBURY, CONN. NEW YORK, BOSTCA, 49 Chambers St, 18 Federal St. Manufacturers of al! kinds of Brass, Copper & German Silver, ROLLED AND IN SHEETS. ; BRASS & COPPER WIRE, Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs. BRASS & IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. German Silver Spoons, Waterbury, Conn. MANUFACTURERS OF ; coPPERco., — GERMAN SILVER SOLE MAKERS OF jm Sheets, Rolls, Rods, Wire, Tubing, Rivets, and Burs, Etc, | POLISHED COPPER ALSO, ‘ Under Pateat OT. te, Spt sr SILVER PLATED FORKS & SPOONS, Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. ALSO MANUFACTURERS AND Kerosene »sene Burners, a&c. DEALERS IN | RATENTED SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER BRAZIERS & SHEATHING COPPER, } ROUSE, BOFLERS, ‘warranted to stand soo ite! JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Agents or SILVER PLATED, FLAT TABLE. RED | SHANK. Brooklyn Brose & Copper Co., ers in | designs. GERMAN SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS. | Kettles, Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, &c. Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, Antimony, Solder & Old Metals, 100 John Street, New York. 290 Pearl Street, - NEW YORK.) A. C. NORTHROP, Waterbury, Conn., NOVELTIES IN BRASS AND OTHER METAL GOODS FOR HARDWARE TRADE. o Wrought Iron and Brass Machine Screws; Turned, Hexagon, Round and Square Head Cap and Set Screws; Brass and fron ree oo and Jack Chain; Gilt, Nickel Plated and Bronze Trimmings of all kin1s, from Sheet lron, Steel or Esuimmates on patented articles, or any description of Sheet Metal work, respectfully solicited and prom; ouy given. Also for vt BRODERICK & BASCOM ROPE CO. Galvanizers & Brass Founders. - MANNING & SQUIER, Gen'l Agents, 113 Liberty Street, N. ¥Y. — a r Ps PASSAIC ZINC CO. Pure Spelter Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes | AND ALL FINE WORK, MANUFACTURERS OF Geo. W. Prentiss & Co. OLYOKE, MASS., MANUFACTURERS OF IRON WIRE. a eal VA ae ee) 23 = y BRODERICK & BASCOM ROPE Co. * IRON WIRE ROPE, STEEL WIRE ROPE, 728 N. Main St., St. Louis, Mo. | WORCESTER WIRE. CO. 0, —— is “a ae Copper Electrical Wire, Pins, | Lamp Trimmings, &c. [ae WATERBURY, Ct. German Silver Metal and Wire, | 19 Murray St., N. ¥. | HARRISON WIRE CO. STEEL AND IRON. Holmes, Booth & Haydens, — PHILIP L MOEN, President and Treasurer. (CHAS. F. WABHBURN, Vice President & Secretary. Established 1831. Pt PEW nv PmeTT It ag "Yt, Componn WASHBIRN & MOEN MANUFACTURING 0, WORCESTER, MASS. = eee ee : ‘- me rererrerenstie ) ibs genensees ri MANUFACTURERS OF IRON and STEEL WiIRSBS, Patent Steel Barb Fencing, Patent Steel Wire or Ties. WIKE RODS of all ee und [ron, Rivet ay oe in. to In., cut te any length. Owners and exclu sive Operators of the P ATEN Oe CONT! TINVOUS a AY uL, oroductne TS and Steel WIRE ip coils of 100 pounda, without SEAM O tG on ~ od ope Wire, Market -~ Stone Wire, Annealed Fence and Grape Wire om long. lengths: Coppered Pail-Bail Wire ; ope, B . Bo , Screw, Rivet, Buckle ure of Card Clothing, Heddles Piano- -string Covering Wire room Wire and Tinned. — Wire of all sizes. A specialty ts Inac ‘le a Glock, Machinery, G and Spiral Spring Wire, and Refined Wire to Pattern for particuiar purposes, from selected stam ps of Norway tron. fa Wire —_ Annealed, Hr nt, » Solin ‘ Coppere¢, Galvanized or ™ rival dan re furnished, ened and Cu any leng tee neline re nrivaled St Wire. Stee) Wire for Springs, Needles and Drills Market Stee] Wire kept In stock, alls ool Busts New York, 16 Cliff, and 241 Pearl =— WAREHOUSES: ! ‘Chicago, 107 and 109 Lake St. sn4 Chote Wire. Wire for the manufactui atent L inen finish. “NATIONAL WIRE AND LANTERN WORKS.” HOWARD & MORSE, THE “BOSS” TUBULAR LANTERNS. The Boss, Little Boss. Dashboard. Ww egeiiciiaetin. AS Faiton Street, New Work. JAMES HALL, Treasurer ABRAM 8. HEWITT, President. E. HANSON, Secretary. WM. HEWITT, Vice President. TRENTON IRON COMPANY, (INCORPORATED 1847), TRENTON, N. J.. Manufacturers of [RON and STEEL WIRE OF ALL GRADES, ‘BRIGHT, ANNEALED, COPPERED, TINNED AND GALVANIZED Iron and Steel Wire Rods; EXTRA QUALITIES OF BAR IRON AND RODS. Best Qualities of Gun-Scréw and nd Charcoal tron Wire; Crucible, Siemens-Martin and Bessemer Steel Wire, Wire Straightened and Cut to Lengths. New York Office, COOPER, HEWITT & CO., 17 I ine sli Philadelphia Office, JOHN HEWITT, Agent. a: North Fo h St. IRON AND STEEL WIRE ROPE For Hoisting, Running & Standing Ropes, Ferries, &c. CONSTANTLY KEPT ON HAND. Address: HAZARD MFG. CO., Wilkesbarre, Luzerne Co., Pa. This Advertisement Changed Weekly. IOWA BARB WIRE Co. ca MANUFACTURERS OF ‘ IOWA BARB WIRE BARB WIRE STREFCHER. Pa. Wo. 99 John Street, ad “et NEW YURK, cg Bs No, 89 Lake Street, 3 CHICAGO, 4 Iowa Ring Stret« mee oe nt Licensed under applied for. “eee : all the $5 per ; Bottom Patents. $I A. LESCHEN c SOW, } } enareemamaines Plated. Also GUN SCREW WIRE. | = pau : = | Of all sizes straightened | and eut to _order. ; = 2 anufacturers 0 3 IRON AND STEEL ores Ss : | 2% ‘ No.3 -— on) = | " re EO = ss we - . X%,* 1% | w @ QO : — a a o> = "Ff o 2 i BROWNING, SISUM & CO., 85 Chambers St. © = a 3 For all Purposes, i ie a oe a a = OF EVERY DEC MIP TION ah ‘ = oe re, n € ; WORCESTER, MASS, | Stavtes, and everything pertaining to wire bending 919 fo P23 N. Main’ St., ST. LOUIS, MO. Correspondence iY ‘actory, BROV. March 15, 1883. Ca BERG Superior | weari BER: E. A A. FAS “CALI ILL SH cE. A.F 12 F SMTP RE —— Sold b y G Trade OTIS A. SMI MORRIS, TRON, s WAREHOUSE and ( 16th & Market PHILA,, New. York March 15, 1883. CARY & MOEN, Manufacturers of IRE for ali purposes, and STEEL SPRINGS of 0. LINDEMANN & C0.. Manufacturers of all kinds of STEEL W | | in Japanned, Brass & Tin Plated BIRD CAGES. Catalogues furnished | to the trade. 254 Pearl St., NEW YORK. CELEARER LEE LLLELLALELALLALLLALLEE f is Cpe agit ef = : ~ — ha 5 hy ba s~ b 7 ~ 1 Ss | Market Steel Wire, Crinellue Wire, tempered and covered. Also Patent Tempered Stee] Furniture Springs, constantly on hand. ' 234, 236 and 238 West 29:h Street | |RON AND BRASS RIV Studs, Pins, Screws, &c., For Manufactur: rs of Light Pardware. POPE,COLE & Co. BALTIMORE COPPER WORKS, No. 57 South Gay St., BALTIMORE, MD., Have always on hand and for sale INGOT COPPER, Shovel Steel, in bars, of special Pernot Open Heart) Stock, strong. tough and sound. Will s'and the most severe “‘ plating-out.”’ and the finished product will not spli', bend or curl up on the edge, but wear away g adually like a knife. Itis us d by the leading shovel makers. Address GAUTIER STEEL DEPT. of Cambria l'on Co., Johnstown, Pa. Also Cakes, of unequaled purity and toughness. G. Gunther, Patented Brass, Silver Plated and Japanned BIRD CAGES. Can be nested for ex- port shipments. 46 Park Place, NEW YORK. est variety in patterns and unsurpassed in iow prices. Tou lilustrated Catalogues and Price Lists on application. FOUNDRYMEN’S METALLIC Pattern Letters and Figures, “oe on patterns of castings. All sizes. Re- duced prices. Maft. bv H. W. Kn ght, Seneca Falis, N.Y. Bergen Port Spelter. MINES : WORKS & FURNACES, Lehigh Valley, Pa. Bergen Port, N. J The only Miners and Manufacturers of PURE LEHICH SPELTER From Lehigh Ore. Especially adapted for Cartridge Metal and German Silver. Also manufacturers of BERGEN PORT OXIDE ZINC. Superior for Liguip Part on account of its body ant wearing properties. BERCEN PORT ZINC CO. E. A. FISHER, Agent, 13 Burling Slip, N. Y. ~ CALVIN WELLS, A. MEANS, President. ILLINOIS ZINC CO., MANUFACTURERS UF SHEET ZINC, : PERU, ILLINOIS. —_———— E. A. FISHER, 18 Rurling Slip. New York. ~ SMITH’S NEW MODEL _ REVOLYV ERS. | No. 30. ] THE NEw CEAIN. SEND FOR CIRCULAR. C. W. & H. W. MIODLETON, Selling Agents, 7 HOWARD EVANS. ooe™ “J” MOLDERS' TOOLS, FOUNDRY FACING, MOLDING SAND, FOUNDRY SUPPLIES, J. A. EMERICK & CoO., 1056 to 1076 Beach St., PHILADELPHIA. 7. A. EMERICK s we TABLISHED 1837. H. 8. Cuase, Sec’y. C. F. Pops, Treas. Waterbury Mfg. Co., WATERBURY, CONN. Brass Goods. Azent, INCORPORATED 1876, Sold by Gun and Hardware Trade Everywhere. OTIS A. SMITH, Manufacturer, Rockfall, Ct. = EMPIRE NUT CO, NOLLING MILL AND MACHINERY RIVERSIDE CASTINGS, ROLLS. RASA) oe ARERR Stor PL RRR Ah LANIER FOUNDRY § CLEVELAND. OHIO. INGOT MOLDS, ANN#ALING POT WORKS. HOT BLAST PIPE, &c. ne FOR STEEL REFINERS. WE OFFER AUSTRIAN CHARCOAL HAMMER STEEL, In Flat Bars, deliverable in quantities to suit, in bond or duty paid. Correspondence solicited. Sample Bars on hand. WOLTMAN & MICKERTS, No. 5 N, Second St. St. Louis, Mo. Hot Pressed NUTS. ae ____na_Mises_9 Specialty. MORRIS, WHEELER & CO., IRON, STEEL & NAILS. WAREHOUSE and OFFICES, | SALES OFFICES, 16th & Market Sts., 400 Chestnut St., PHILA, PA. PHILA., PA. New. Work Address, 14 OLIFY 9%, 2 “Supoeg dwey THE IRON AGE. every description. NEW YORK, ETS, BLAKE & J OHNSON, Wat: rbu ry, Conn. 943-945 Ridge Ave. 908-910 and 926-928 Callowhill St. Philadelphia. aT ! | Four equivalents of sesquioxide unite with |one of metallic iron, forming three equiva- |lents of magnetic oxide, or, symbolically, | (3) 4 (Fe: Os) } p6 = 3 (Fe; O,). | When deoxidizing by combustible gases, |} consisting mainly of carbonic oxide, three sent they havea two erected, one 4 Bower furnace of the size before mentioned, and the other a small Barff furnace for the treat- ment of very delicate or polished articles, These magnetic-oxide prov not only protect from rust, but the coating’is of such *PSSAaS equivalents of sesquioxide unite with one of a beautiful color as to render articles read v carbonic oxide and form two equivalents of for the market as soon as they are out of tha magnetic oxide and one of carbonic acid, furnace and cooled. One remarkable fea. and, symbolically, (4) 3 (Fe: O;) -+- CO ture of them is that there more cost H | 2(Fe; O, + CO.). Another method of reduc- (except in the labor of hand them) in tion is by carbon itself, when the formula treating 2240 articles, each weiching a pound i} stands thus: (5) 3(Fe,O0O,; +C 2(Fe; O,) than there is in coating a f enstal 4. CO. weighing aton; and so penet ng is the Formula (4) is also the reaction when process that, no matter how ‘ate the | rusty iron is reduced by producer gases, and pattern may be, every crevi ti it which consist largely of carbonic oxide, and | would be almost impossible to vet at with a H| by the specimens exhibited it will be seen paint brush—is as effectively c the plainest surfaces, as will be obs: that articles completely pitted with rust may . exhibited in this | have their surfaces rendered rustless In amiuing the specimens | this case the periods of oxidizing and deoxi- room. For art purposes the French gray | dizing are reversed—that is to say, the latter color, with shades approaching to black, occupies 40 and the former 20 minutes. No, might not always be suitable; but if it | oxidizing is theoretically necessary, but | should be necessary to use paint on the fron so coated, there is the absolute certainty that it will remain on in the same way as it doe on wood or stone, and thus iron may be used tor constructive work in a thousand direc tions in which it has not up to the present time been possible, on account of its liability to rust, no matter what the coating used to protect it has been I can give an instructive instance of this. A company in Paris had expended a very large sum over Dode’s inoxidizing process, which process consists in the depos- iting of a layer of borate of lead on iron or steel, and then gilding, platenizing or bronz- ing them, and certainly the articles so treated were exceeding beautiful to look at; but the iron ultimately rebelled and threw | practically a certain amount is requisite to | keep up the heat in the chamber, which, of course, could not be done unless combustion took place some time or other. I only men- tion the reduction by carbon as exemplified | by Formula No because, while experi | menting with a furnace, I was asked by the preprietors of a valuable red-oxide deposit, | which was found in so finely divided a state | as to be capable of being used at once as a | paint, whether I could reduce it to a mag- peers oxide. I tried to do so by carbonic ' » oxide, but I found that only the surface of it was affected, and that even this, when taken out of the furnace, speedily returned | to its original red color by the combined lactions of the hot unconverted material |underneath and the air above, It will be | off the coating, so that the shareholders found from formula (5) that 2'4 pounds | were in a fair way of losing all their capital, of carbon are required to reduce 100! when it was suggested to the directors that pounds of red oxide. This I mixed inti-|if their compositions could be deposited mately, in the shape of powder, with | direct upon magnetic oxide they would con the red oxide, brought the mixture to| quer the difficulty. They then applied to a red heat and the result was black my father for specimens of coated iron to magnetic oxide. Not only this, but by | experiment upon, and they were so satisfied with the result that the company purchasea all our European patents except England, and are carrying on the combined processes ou a large scale. They have, besides their furnaces for the Dode proces, four large Bower ones, two being 36 feet long by about 6 feet 6 inches wide and 6 feet bigh, and a Bower-Barfft furnace, also of large size. Others, however, are in course of erection. Engineers and manufacturers appear far more ready to apply the processes here and on the Continent of Europe than up to the present time they have been in England ; but perhaps the reason has been that, so far as Professor Barff’s process is concerned, it has only just been shown how large masses can be dealt with—namely, by the use of the Bower furnace—and J can show that for the treatment of underground pipes, wrought- iron sleepers, roofing and the like, the pro cess can be readily applied, and at a cost much less than that of gilvanizing, and it will at the same time be infinitely more durable; while for ornamental cast and wrought iron it isscarcely possible to imagine anything more artistic in color than some of the articles after they have been treated. For ordinary hollow-ware for kitchen use, whether of cast or wrought iron, this process is admirably adapted, and though I have been told that the gray or black color will prob- | ably be objectionable, yet | imagine, if it can be shown, as we can do, that the magnetic oxide is more durable, more easily cleaned and much cheaper than even the common tinted article, a market will soon be created. Anyhow, the new combined processes are so far developed and they have been su | thoroughly examined by scientific and prac tical men both here and in Europe (whose testimony to the value and efficacy of them is voluminous), that they have passed from the region ef theoretical investigation into that of practical application, and means have been taken for establishing ‘works in different centers in Europe, as will also be done here, for the purpose of coating iron and steel as a trade operation. One firm alone in Scotland, Messrs. Walter Macfar | lane & Co., have adopted the process, their output of ornamental castings per day ex ceeding 100 tons! It is intended to appl; the process to cast-iron gas and water pipes, and as the former have comparatively nv pressure to bear, they may be made much lighter than they now are, if rendered incor rodible ; while for water, it will be a great advantage to have both the main and service pipes rendered safe from rust, which not 'only discolors the water, but forms the nucleus of very troublesome deposits. There is no reason now why wrought-iron or mild steel pipes should not be used for the san purposes, especially for the interior towns distant countries, where the first cost of the pipes is but small as compared with the co of carriage. My father has himself gas and water pipes where the arrival at their destination has been five times greater than their first cost in England. If, then light wrought-iron or steel pipes could he used, not weighing one-third of those malo of cast iron, and rendered practically ind¢ will be railway adding more carbon I could make the color | lighter and lighter until it was almost iden- | tical with the coating produced in my pre | vious experiments with carbonic acid, and by reducing the quantity of carbon below 214 per cent various shades of purple were obtained, the red appearing more and more prominent as the quantity of carbon was diminished. [t will be as well, before I make any com parison between Professor Barff’s process | and those patented by my fatherand myself, ito state that the whole of the Professor's patents, wherever existing, have been pur | chased by my father, so that in this case at | least I hope you will not say that ‘ compari- isons ure odious.’ Professor Barff’s process lig hetter than ours for wrought iron, and perhaps for polished work of all kinds, as iron commences to decompose steam at a very low temperature ; in fact, much below visible redness. Only the other day, at the | annual meeting of the Association of Ameri- | can Stove Manufacturers, held in New York, I was asked whether stove patterns might not be made of cast iron, polished and then | oxidized? Here is one among many in stances where the steam process is almost invaluable. For ordinary cast iron, and especially that quality which contains much carbon, the Bartf process is much too slow in its action, and some specimens that I have treated in England have taken as much as 36 hours to coat effectually, which could readily have been finished off in five hours by the Bower process. The main distinction between the two is that the Bower is much more energetic in its action than the Barff process. The carbon in cast iron impedes oxidation, and so, while cast is far more readily treated in the Bower furnace, wrought iron is apt to scale unless it is rusted beforehand. ‘The rust then eats into the metallic surface under the influence of heat, and forms a tenacious combination with it. The ob jection to the use of a closed muffle ex- ternally heated in the Barff process has been almost entirely overcome by simply putting wrought iron into a Bower furnace, pre viously well heated, then shutting off both | the gas and air supplies, and admitting steam into the regenerator tubes. The steam thus passes through the red-hot tubes, then through the combination chamber and its contipgent passages, already highly heated, over the articles in the oxidizing chamber, heating and oxidizing them, and thence over the outside of the regenerator tubes, depositing a great portion of its heat there before passing to the chimney, and which is again picked up by the ingoing fresh, cool steam. In this way the heat in the chamber is highest shortly after the com- mencement of the operation, and gets gradu ally lower during the time of exposure, which varies, according to the class of goods, | from five to ten hours. At the close of the operation, just before the articles are taken out, everything is moderately cool, and this |for steam is the perfection of action, as stated by Professor Barff himself. Steel, I consider, can be equally well treated by both processes, and, indeed, it is natural to expect this, steel being, so far as the quantity of car bon it contains is concerned, between cast structible, what an enormous saving and wrought iron. Polished steel, however, effected ! Again, in the of is better treated in a low-temperature Barf sleepers in iron and steel, which are m almost wholly used in Germany, the proce is likely to prove of much advantage least I am told by engineers, both in Bel t u ed cost on Case furnace With regard to the quality of fuel burned in the yas producers, anon cookin 7 pas coal is the best, and Virginian splint has suited | ena inGermany ; and if there why not he very well in this country, and of this about | For fountains, railings and all a: I ton every three days 1s required for a fur- | work the process 1s ; may now be used in many , It will naturally so at hitectural invaluable, and j | | | | nace with an oxidizing chamber 13 feet long, 4 feet 3 inches wide and 4 feet 3 inches high, When a gas coal is employed, it should be instances 1! be asked of bronze is the cost of the process f ! cannot do b fed through the charging hoppers just before ter than answer the juestion by quoti each deoxidizing operation, when a smoky | from the report of Professor Flamache flame is of great advantage. I have, how- engineer-in-chief of the State railways in | ever, discovered that anthracite can be used | Belgium, who was sent over spe ially to jas well as a gas coal, by simply allowing | England to report on the process by the Pu | petroleum to drop at the rate of 1 gallon per lic Works Departox nt f that country I wee upon the red-hot surface of the coal in | estimate of cost, after a ver areful exa one of the gas producers. This method has ination and testing of the process w 45 been exclusively used in the coating of the francs per L000 ky , or nearly $2 per ton, at, of course, the Belgian rate of expenses. Hy articles exhibited in this room at the works of Messrs. Poulson & Eger, archite: tural also gives the cost of coating a certain ex lengineers, at North Eleventh and Third tent of surface, but this | consider to } ‘ Vv I N. . to whom completely valueless, as, for example, I ha. streets, Brooklyn, E. D., y am much indebted, not only for these beau | tiful castings, but for the constant courtesy another time I have had it full.of gas-; and energy they have always exhibited dur- ernor tops, the surface in the latter c ing the erection of their furnaces, At pres- being perbaps gue bundred times more iy had a furnace full of 56-pound weights and 450 wean ee ote 4 THE IRON AGE. March 15, 1883. ———$—$$ OGDEN & WALLACE, 85,87.89 & 91 Kim St,, New coun” Iron and Steel Of every descmption kept in stock. Agents for Park Brother & Co.'s BLACK DIAMOND STEEL. All sizes of Cast and Machinery Steel constantly n hand. : |A. B. Warner & Son,| OXFORD IRON CO.,|W. Dp, WOOD & (0,'S IRON MERCHANTS, (B. G. CLARKE, —. 28 & 29 West and 52 Washineton be IRON & STEEL BOILER PLATE. c u t N al il Ss SPIKES. BOILER TUBES, J. 8. BCRANTON, Sales Agent, PATENT Angle, Toe and Girder Iron, Boller and Tank Rivete. $$$ Sole Agents for the celebrated LUKENS, 7 ere 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, . ~ PIERS! IERSON. & C0, 5 serene See val oat Planished Sheet [ron. 14th, 1865 ; April 8th, 1873 ; 24 & 26 Broadwav, 77 & 79 New St., NEW YORK CITY. “PICKS” of all kinds, “ESOPUS” HORSE SHOE IRON, BEAMS, ANCLES, Tees, Channels, Sheets, Plates. All descriptions in stock. IRON & STEEL. ABEEL BROS., 190 SOUTH 8T., } - x i 365 WATER 8T,, | NEW YORK “ULSTER” IRON, ‘*CATASAUQUA”’ IRON, ae ee “9 | Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to ‘the ROME MERCHANT IRON TULLS,|) 98 wittiam serece, now ween. IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, Extra Quality Homogeneous Steel tisha a nae aa grade of Anthracite & Charcoal Pig Irons, and at a much less price, Bar Iron, Bands and Fine Hoops.| "reg * Serap, Out Waits, Copper, FOR SALE ee BLOCK mOCe om, LEAD, SPELTER, ANTIMONY, NICKEL, &c. | NICKEL, | by all the principal | ed bat js re ee IRON AND METAL DEALERS, hed ot le Oe Iron, all descriptions, Seotch and American Pig Iron, Wroug AND shore, Ovals, Malt Ovals, Half Rounds. Mexagen and auaitt of Iron branded J.G ll pudd Soceddy bem PNT Ei, our wisest ‘cc 83502 | FT ARRISON& GILLOON | M ETAL DE A LERS S| sreex PLaTes, all dcccriptions MOND, 558. S60, 562 WATER 8T., & x2, %4, 366 CHERRY BT., FOX & DRUM alee 111 Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA. | SHOENBERGER OMUENBERGER & CO., *!*eat"*™ ROLLING MILL e Shoe Iron. Also from ew Fi rior Street, "Now York ts THE UNITED STATES, | | Cut Nails and Spikes, Plate and Sheet nave on hand, and offer fcr sale. the re: i RAILWAY Wesuesrioes Rivals Senger Moapeaase 4 SYRACUSE MALLEABLE ALLEABLE BURDEN’S IRON WORKS, cuTN NAILS ALLENTOWN SHAFTING, SYRACUS N. Y. COMMON IRON, MATERIAL. \ = <0" Avd fall assortment of sizes of the best brands of os WALL STREET, Mower and Reaper aaa a. a“ 1a REFINED IRON, ae at Se nent, Boo , Bevel an and Angle Iron. Cast, Spring, CN EW YORK. an arriage Irons a e os vee" oe- a cea ca iat ali SS TELEPHONE CALL, “ NASSAU, 379 Marshall Lefferts & Co., ob a ( R 9 Specialty. oe aS A. R ogee 90 Beckman St., New York City, ur en asi w. B. BURNS, Proprietor, — + - x . e a Ue m maaan Manufacturers ot and Dealers in ; ere tal C, W, LEAVITT, Shee oir LEVON Paberizet sheet ron) tro am WK ROSS, Best A ay Best nde pee and Common. Rails and Railway Equipment PIG and BAR IRON, OLD RAILS and SCRAP. Salesman, AGENCIES: PORTAGE IRON CO., Limited, Merchant Iron. BAMSONDALE IRON WORKS, Merchant Iron. ORWAY IRON AND STEEL WOKKS, Homo eous Steel Plates BAY STATE IRON CO., Tank, Boiler ard Girder KINNEIL KEYSTONE ROLLING MILL, Limited, Manufacturers of SCOTCH PIG IRON; rzrROW General Agent ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILLS. . Agent for PARDEE CAR & MACH. WORKS. _ ‘Office 9] Chambers St., NEW YORK. Boiler Rivets. The Burden Iron Company “CORRUGATED SHEET IRON For Roofing, &¢., Galvanized, Plain or Painted Best Charcoal, Best Refined and Common SHEET IRON. Plate and Tank Iron, S. H. P. NAILS BRANDY WINE p ROL. TING iLL, Boiler Plates, a W TUBE WORKS, Boiler Flues. M. BYERS & CO., Wrought Iron Pipe CARNAGIE BROS 6. on = Wrought ns, Channels and Shapes , 1, . Fi ' gu ieariar nena er | Se fe FOR SALE IN LOTS TO SUIT, |=tt#erem._- _- - Pa. 10. *KS CON ning cuts 0 ron mac sen A Cc _o OUT clases te alive. Please address Iron Work Galvanized or Tinned to Order. EDWARD A. WESSELS Bonnell, Botsford & Co.., 58 Hudson Street, New York. Price list and quotations sent upon application. U L Ss 7 Ee R iittala TT fate ee SOLE AGENT FOR THE | N i] &S : BORDEN & LOV ELL, JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO., BURDEN’S UNITED STATES, ron, aliS pikes, SCOTCH AND AMERICAN 4 B &§ B | 17 Cedar St., - - NEW YORK ° YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. CoaRaeE mmerenente, P C \ R O N »U, bo. Dal ron. F. W. JESUP & CO., (CORRUGATED AND rea IRON Baier chy ? | american & English Refined tron, | ©2'™4), Supplies, and Equipment. | ROOFING & SIDING, ¢ A GREENE, { — NEW YORK. __No, 631 Wall 8t., Mow Tesh. stilted heneetclaehs Agents NASHUA IRON AND STEEL CO., I oo reer, mer Skylights, Bridges, &c. Agents for the sale of STEEL LOCOM TYRES, ARDS ChaNik PINS, F cnt wet "SECES, | MOSELEY IRON BRIDGE AND ROOF £0., Rob SN FORGINGS 5 Dey Street, New New York. w'WRON. AMD STEEL LOCOMOTIVE FORGINGS. GLENGARNOCK AND CARNBROE SCOTCH PIG IRON. For spot delivery and for prompt or forward shipments to New York, Boston, Phi iladelphia, Baltimore or New Orleans. For sale in lots to suit by JAMES LEE & CO., Sole Agents for the United States. 72 Pine Street, NEW YORK. 101 Milk Street BOSTON. MASS. LEECHBURG _TRON WORKS. KIRKPATRICK & CO., of'all grades of FINE SHEET IRONS, (Refined Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Tron, &0.) Broker in Machinery & Iron mow Card, stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Agent for OFFIOR. No, 143 First Ave., Pitteburgh, Pa, WORKS, Leechburg, Pa. RST QaBaRi FORSTER'S CRUSHER & PULVERIZER, | ay ARTES HUBBARD, The best in market. W.8. MIDDLETON, 62 John 8t.,N. ¥.| “SHERIDAN,” “LEESPORT,” | 11:4 “MT. LAUREL” & “TEMPLE” NDS PIG IRON. BF. JUDSON . ? “ ” 7 4 : + ” ; . o CHARCOAL” PIG IRON, “MAIDEN OREBK” and “NEW RIVER MINERAL” BRANDS. FAVORITE BRANDS OF SCOTCH PiC IN STOCK AND TO ARRIVE. EGLESTON BROS, & CO.., 166 Front gt stif NEW YORK CITY. ? nS, FROMENT, ‘Row, ‘Wy CRTs NEW YORK, AGENT FOR ee ars Penceyd Iron ae Maidencreek Iron Co., Marshall Iron Co., ~ ER Still Water Co., fren Beams, Hoop & Band Iron, W. S. MIDDLETON, ULSTER IRON WORKS. 90 Brosdway, New York. Tuckerman, Mulligan & Co —~| CARMICHAEL & EMMENS 130, 132 & 134 Cedar St., New York, and Nos. 21, 23, a5 & rf Fall River Iron Co.’s Nails, Bands, Hoops & Rods, AND Borden Mining. Company’s Cumberland Coals. ~ WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., IRON MERCHANTS Cor, Albany & Washington Sts. NEW YORK OITY. Wn. H. Te armas. | 4 DANIEL W. RICHARDS - CO., FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC SCRAP IRON. RAILS, STEEL AND METALS. — Lake St., Chicago, Ill. IRON AND STEEL. BOILER PLATE. Lap-Welded Boiler Tubes, &c, &c Agent for Otis’ celebrated Cast Stee) Boiler Plates, The Costesville Iron Co. The La urel Rolling Mills, ; Wrought Iron Beams, Wa. Bisrmam. | Ar asies, Tees, Rivets, Yards and Office, 88 to 96 Mangin St., NEW YORK. SCOTCH AND AMERICAN Damm, W, Riceanve — ee eee _Monton 3. Surre. i Ir r ___ Old Oar Wheels, Best Brands. 46 Cliff Street, New York City. E S n> JAMES Ww. Ross, PASSAIC ROLLING MILL CO. Manufacture and have always in stock ROLLED IRON BEAMS, Channels, Angles, Tees, Merchant Bars, Riveted Work, Forg ings, Eye Bars, &ce. PATERSON, N. J. = Beem 45, os Aster Mouse, Now York. Wrought & Cast Scrap tron, IMPORTER OF AND FURNSCE AGENT FOR OLD METALS. SCOTCH AND AMERICAN PIG IRON. MANUFACTURERS’ AGENT OF 457 &459 W 233 & 235 south st. >t NEW YORK. Bar Iron, Car Wheels, Axles, malts and Railroad Supplies. SOLE AGEN Manhattan Rolling Mill|\WHITAKER IRON COMPANY, SHEET “TRON, TANK AND FIRE BED, J. LEONARD, 36 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO. ALEKANDER BURKS, S, Mavager. 445 to 451 West St., 177 & 179 Bank St., Joun J. SPOWERS, President. ss Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, ~ new yous, | / THE JERSEY CITY GALVANIZING CO., ee CALVANIZED MATERIAL OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. HORSE SHOE IRON, | GALVANIZING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES | Galvanized Sheet Lron—Best Bloom, Best Refined, Common Galvanized Round, Square Band aod DOVER IRON CO.'S Toe Calk Steel, Hoop iran, &c., & | . BOILER RIVETS, OOo | an se 18 Gases DANIEL F. COONEY, ‘rs ana iler Brace Jaws, Socket Bolts, &. naten ss 7 . Baile ' BOILER “PLATES AND SHEET IRON,| pena staeavaianatnerset nites 1s eet LAP» WELDED BOIL ER FLUES, 1% to 5 inches. . ae : , . s FULLER BROTHERS & CO, ‘recrincne ie ee art or ‘Glasgow lron Co. "Jos. L Bailey & Co. pias cy f Worms ee ey Co Co ated Sheet Iron & Specialty, Gelventacd, Black ene 2 oe Iron Corrugated for the Trads and Tube Co., Alban Re Ir Beant Rivets; Bowoyeneous Sea, Boar | | WORKS, GREEN AND BAY STREETS, JERSEY CITY, NW, J, OFFICE AND WAREHOUSEJ98 JOHN STREET, NEW YORK’ 139 Greenwich Street, New York. apd er = — ron 8 ped atentien © lowe, oO. ee eee ee Patented March % : aren ox Ironas ty. JOHN W. QUINCY & CO. Sept. oth, 1873 ; Oct. 6th, 1874 ; Jan. 11, 1876. STEEL TOE CALKS. Kail Jener JAM atte d Baitne SHE SI CH Works dug 9 avd ade ORK ‘March 15, 1883. HENRY LEVIS & CO., Manufacturers’ Agents For L and Steel Rails, Car Wheels, Boiler and eee Sheet hen Sek General Railway Old Rails, Axles, and. vheels’ bought and sold. 234 8. 4th 8t., Philadelphia. Siemens’ Regenerative GAS FURNACE. RICHIMIOND & PoTTs, 119 8. Fourth St. PHILADELPHIA, PA. The Cambria Iron and Steel Works, over TWENTY-FIVE YEARS the reputation of producing the best quality of RAILS, have now an annual capacity of 230,000 Tons of Iron and Steel Rails, Splice Bars, &c. ADDRESS, CAMBRIA IRON COMPANY, No. 218 South 4th Street, Philadelphia. Having enjoyed for Or at the Works, JOHNSTOWN, PA. Or LENOX SMITH, New York Selling Agent, 46 Pine St., N. Y. THE PHCENIX IRON CO., 410 Walnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. WROUCHT IRON ROOF TRUSSES, CIRDERS & JOISTS, and all kinds of Iron Framing used in the construction of Fire Proof Buildings, PATENT WROUGHT IRON COLUMNS, WELDLESS EYE BARS, and built up shapes for Iron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and every vaticty of SHAPE IRON made to order. Plans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. NEW YORK AGENTS, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty Street. ROSTON AGENTS, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ~ ALAN WOOD & CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Galvanised, Common, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charceal Bieom Patent Pianished, PLATE ec SHEET IRON. No. 519 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. ated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water ne Smoke Stack, Pecially stor ioe, Perruis, Locomotive Headlight and Jacket Iron. solicited es Orders ro camping. Tank and Boat Iron ;_ ie $$$ — and Boat Iron ; AHA MBO JAS. ROWLAND & CO, Kensington Iron, Steel & Nail Works, ANVIL BRAND REFINED MERCHANT BAR IRON. | Also, the James Rowland & Co. Keonnaton 9s cut from their Refined Anvil stock. Also, Plow and Cultivator Steel; Skelp Iron a specialty; also Rounds, Squares, Flats, Bands and Hoop Te cere PENCOYD IRON —. °PENCOYD IRON WORKS #####™% iF A. & P. ROBERTS & co. ad Manufacturers of CAR ATSLES. BAR, ANGLE, TEE AND CHANNEL IRON. Le No. 265 S, Fourth St., Philadelphia. Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. FF. Ww. PAXSON c CO., DEALERS IN ALOUL DING SAND, =1021 North Delaware Avenue, PHILADELPHIA, PA., MANUFACTURERS LEAD FACING, RIDDLES, SHOVELS, STEEL BRU SHES, CHARCOAL FACING, ANTHRACITE FACING, IXL FACING, SOAPSTONE, —__ ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILL COMPANY, Manufacturers of Kails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn Tables. Philadelphia. Works at Allentown, Pa Jeneral Office, 2378 South ‘Third 8t., THOMAS H. GARRETT. ANDREW A. BLAIR. BOOTH, CARRETT & BLAIR, JAMES C. BOOTH. Analytical and Consulting Chemists, 919 and 921 Chant St. (10th St. above Chestnut St.), PHILADELPHIA, PA, Established in 1836. Analyses of Ores, Waters, Metals and Alloys of all kinds. A special department for the ANALYSIS OF IRON AND STEEL, fitted paratus and appliances for the rapid and accurate analysis of Iron Steel, Iron ( — con ae eee Coals, Clays. Fire Sands &e. Agents for sampling ores in New York and | Raitimore. Price lists on application. X MINERAL, XX MINERAL, - Bdward J. Etting, [RON BROKER anp COMMISSION MERCHANT, 2923 S. Third St., Philadelphia, Pa, Pig, Bar and Railroad Iron. OLD BAILS, SCRAP, &o. Agent for the MOUNT SAVAGE FIRE BRICK, The Allentown Iron Co. and the Greenwood Rolling Mill. STORAGE WHARF AND YARD DELAWARE AVENUE ABOVE CALLOWHILL STREET, connected by track with railroad. Cash advances made on Iron. JOS, J. LIPPINCOTT & CO., Dealers In American, English and Scotch PIG IRON, {31 So. 4th St., PHILADELPHIA. Bar Iron, New and Old Rails, Ores, Railway Supplies, &c. SCRAP IRON A SPECIALTY. -D.W.R. READ &CO., Importers and dealers in FOREICN & NATIVE BESSEMER ORES. PIC IRON ENCLISH FIRE BRICK. 205% Walnut St., PHILADELPHIA, 142 Pearl St., 57 Gracechurch St., 67 S. Gay St., _ NEW YORK. LONDON, BALTIMORE. Established 1837. A. PURVES & SON, Dealers in Scrap Iron, Metals and Machinery, Cor. South and Penn Sts., Philadelphia, Offer for sale, in lots to suit, Red or Yellow Heavy Scrap Brass ; ingot Brass, best qualities, Ingot Gun Metal made strictly from O14 Cannon;38 eam Pumps, Shafting Pulleys,&c. Machinery ane Tools vari:us descriptions. C ash paid f for Scrap Troa and Mets als Fire Brick, Isaac V. LiLoyp. Jas. G. LINDsaY. LLOYD & LINDSAY, No. 328 Walnut St., PHILADELPHIA, Brokers aii General Dealers in Iron and Steel, Railway Equipments and Sapplies, Bar, Plate and Sheet Iron, Pig Iron, Rails and Fastenings, Muck Bars, Blooms, Boiler Tubes, Wrought [ron Pipe, &c. Old Rails and Scrap Iron. _ Florida Ye Yellow Pine, ¢ cargo lot 8. J. 0. RICHARDSON, No. 232 Dock St., Philadelphia, DEALER IN Pig tron, Merchant Bar Iron and lron_ Ores. &. @&. Sole Agent for Sheridan, Leesport, Temple, Millcreek and Mt. Laurel BESSEMER, FOUNDRY AND FORGE PIG IRON, CHARCOAL PiC IRON. 430 Walnut St., PHILADELPHIA, PA, o. A. HEBERTON. 5. FRANK SHARPLESS, HEBERTON & CO.,,|~ Selling Agents and Commission Merchants For the sale of Pig, Bloom, Plate, Bar, Sora Black, Sheet, Pipe and failroad IRON. | No, 220 So. 3d St., Phila. ® ( tharcou Bioom and Pig a specialty. | JOSEPH P. REED & CO., Iron Brokers and Com