The Iron Age 1882-10-05: Vol 30 Iss 14

Vol. XXX: No. 14. The Iron Age A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. Published every Thursday Morning by Davin Wriiwiams, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. New York, Thursday, October 5, 1882. $24.50 a Year, Including Post Gg. Single Copies, Zen Cents. - | 4 Year’s Work with the Emery Test- ing Machine. Col. T. T. 8. Laidley, commanding Water- town Arsenal, and in charge of the United States testing machine there, has submitted to the Chief of Ordnance his report of the tests of metals and other materials made by th marked C, to 4.3 inches, for the large rifled guns; » Government during the past fiscal year. | The work done comprises tests upon the re- | ince of cast-iron cylinders to internal sisti pressure, the resistance of iron floor beams to | flexure under permanent and variable loads, experiments with iron truss columns of dif- ferent pattern, tests of construction timber and of several kinds of wood from the Pacific | pe, &e. 4 — (he report, in summarizing the work done, vives most prominence—and deservedly so— ty Colonel Laidley’s own experiments with cast-iron cylinders. The method of investi- vation in these experiments is so well de- vised, all the attending circumstances so | carefully noted, and the results obtained so | important and remarkable, that we have no | doubt our readers will welcome their full | recital in these columns. These experiments were first proposed by | Colonel Laidley in 1877, to the United States Board for Testing Iron and Steel, but re- | mained among the ‘unfinished work” of this august and now defunct body. The purpose of these experiments was to throw additional light on the construction of guns, and particularly the conversion of | smooth-bore guns into rifles, as practiced by the Ordnance Department. The specimens, in order to make the ex- | periment the more satisfactory, were made | as large as could be broken by the testing- machine. With this purpose in view, eight cast-iron hollow cylinders, 11 inches in diam- eter and 22% inches long, were designed, which it was proposed to burst by resting the closed end against a firm support and forcing a closely fitting piston into the bore, previously filled to a certain depth with bees- wax, por | noting the strain required to be applied to the piston to burst the cylinder. In order to prevent the entrance of the wax into the cracks of the cast iron, the bores were lined with thin copper tubes, as is fre- quently done in hydraulic presses. ( Three cylinders, 8 feet long and 1 foot in diameter, were cast on end in dry sand, at the South Buston Foundry, from the same fur- nace of metal, this being what is known as gun-iron, Six 7 each 22 inches long, were cut from the lower part of two of these cylinders and marked, commencing at the lower end of the first cylinder, A 1, A 2, A 3; and of the second cylinder, B 1, B 2, B Ri we eee ee yr, Sr ” B : roe if ae ee Fi - Fig. 2.—Fracture ‘‘ B2,” Described in the Report, from a Photograph. Inch Thick. Fig. 1.—Fracture ‘‘ At,” F The A cylinders were lined with copper tubes 1-roth inch thick ; those marked B, with wrought-iron tubes g-10th inch thick, made at the West Point Foundry in the same manner and of the same iron as that used in making tubes the C cylinders wea oo - NP aay Wrought Bursting Strain, 687,900 Pounds, I |serewed in cylinders B and C, and merely | of the testing machine, and the force applied moved, and after having been carefully dropped in A, The tube of C 3 had four lon- | to the piston, noting the enlargements of the | measured, the bore was continued through gitudinal cuts, 6 inches long, made near the | cylinder and the distance to which the pis- | the breech, of the same size, and closed by a lower end to destroy its longitudinal resist- | ton was forced in. When the strains reached cast-iron breech screw. New linings were ance ; by this means the amount of work 400,000 or 500,000 pounds, a strong wrought- | inserted, and the bore of A 1 was enlarged to performed by the cast iron alone, without | iron casing was placed around the cylinder, | a uniform size of 3.4 inches. the assistance of the tube, was determined. | secured by bolts, and the strains increased | c FFs WM aes an. * Strain, 769,200 Pounds, -Iron Lining g-10ths Fig. 3.—Fracture ‘‘C1,” from a Photograph, teferred to in Colonel Laidley’s Report, from a Photograph. Copper Lining 1-10th Inch Thick. Bursting 735,400 Pounds, A YEAR’S WORK WITH THE EMERY TESTING MACHINE, 3; and from the third cylinder, C 1, C 2. | were lined with bronze tubes ¥% inch thick, | A closely fitting thin brass cup was first in- ‘ order to guard against accidents that condensed ; the first by a pressure of 28,000 | serted, and pushed to the bottom of the bore : ght happen in casting or finishing these | pounds per square inch, the tube being se-| melted beeswax was then poured in, to a “ight pieces, an extra one was prepared, C 3. cured in a strong iron mold ; and the second (hey were all turned to the same diame- | by forcing a series of mandrels through the ter, and bored out as shown in Figs. 4,5 and6;| bore, according to the Dean process. The three of them marked A, to 3.5 inches; another | tubes were all turned to fit the cast iron three marked B, to 5.1 inches; and three | closely, and one end closed with a flat disk, depth of 10 inches, and permitted to cool. A copper wax check (Fig. 7) was next in | serted, then a steel piston 10.5 inches long, nearly filling the bore. The closed end of the cylinder was placed against the platform | until the cylinder was burst. upset of the piston in the first tests of cylin ders A r and A 2, by which the friction against the sides of the bore was increased, thereby diminishing, to a considerable ex- tent, the pressure upon the wax and upon the walls of the cylinder, the results were not satisfactory ; the copper linings were re Bronze Lining “% Inch Thick. Owing to the | The first wax-check used in A 1 was made of steel, and the great enlargement of the j bore under heavy strains caused it to be broken ; this allowed a slight escape of wax | around the piston, interrupting its free mo- | tion and vitiating the results. The perma- | hent enlargement of the bores of cylinders | A 1 and A 2, after the first trials, was 0.187 |} inch and o.11 inch respectively, C 3 was first | tested without any lining tube. A strain of | 800,000 pounds on the piston failed to burst | it, the pressure per square inch being 55.088 pounds, The surface of the bore exposed to | pressure was 153.27 square inches, as com- pared with 115.7 square inches in the case of Ctrand C 2, The bore was permanently enlarged by this means 0.096 inch, and the diameter of the exterior 0.059 inch. The tube was then inserted and the pressure ap- plied till the cylinder gave way. It was originally intended to preserve the length of bore subjected to pressure exactly the same at all stages of the test, but it was found that to do so would involve a greater ex- pense than the advantages gained would seem to warrant. The cylinders lined with wrought iron and bronze enlarged more be- fore breaking than those with the very thin linings, and consequently the length of the column of wax was thereby shortened by equal strains to a greater extent than in those | last named. This condition made the tests more favorable for the resistance of those | cylinders than if the column had been main- | tained of the same length in all. Wax under | strains of 60,000 pounds per square inch has | its volume diminished by the compression | 11.6percent. The steel piston 10.5 inches in length was shortened 0.056 inch under a strain of 800,000 pounds. The rupture of a cylin- der was attended by a loud report which was heard to a considerable distance. Fragments | were thrown with such force against the | wrought-iron casing as to crack it, though made of five-eighths-inch iron. The appear- ance of the fractures and the grain of the | metal, together with the tests afterward | made, show that the iron was of good quality, | a little softer than would be ordinarily used }in guns. Its tensile strength is "30,000 pounds, The lines of fracture of the cylinders A 1, B 2, and C 3 are well shown in Figs. 1, 2 and | 3, which are reproduced from photographs | taken soon after the cylinders were broken. | Colonel Laidley claims that these experi- Bursting Strain, ments prove conclusively that a cast iron cylinder is not strengthened, but on the con- trary weakened, by enlarging the bore and replacing the cast iron thus cut away by a coiled wrought iron or brass tube: that this loss of strength in the cylinders tested was about 18 per cent for those lined with wrought iron; that a cylinder is weakened ~ _ THE IRON AGE. October 5, 1889, an ThePlume & Atwood fr } - Se \ BRASS: é COPPER CO., Mfz. Company, Wo.) . CMM Street, a oa ff Phelps Buildiy, NEW YORK. . tek < ; MANUFACTURERS OF : _— = en CHARLES F. WASHBURN, xk ee: SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, ms Jor be BRASS AND COPPER Waterbury ies Co. German Silver and Gilding Metal, Washburn & Moen Mfg. Co. CAPITAL, - - $400,000. Copper Rivets and Burs, Established, 1831. Capital, $1,500,000 WORCESTER, MASS. Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, CERMAN SILVER, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire; BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, COPPER RIVETS & BURS, BRASS KETTLES, Door Rail, Brass Tags, PERCUSSION CAPS, POWDER FLASKS, Metallic Eye'ots, Shot Pouches, Tape Measures, &c. And small Brass Wares of every Description. Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. Sole Agents for the Copper Electrical Wire, Pins, Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, EKerosene Burners, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 18 Murray Street, New York. 13 Federal Street, Boston. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. Rolling Mill, Factories, THOMASTON, Ct.| WATERBURY, Ct. Bridgeport Brass Co,, Sheets, Bolis, Rods, Wire, &c. Seamless ‘:rass & Copper ‘@ utbing. Ansonia Co:iugated Stove Platforms. PURE COPPER WIRE For Electrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. Phosphor Bronze Rods for Pumps, &c. ANSONIA Yr REFINED INCOT COPPER. PHELPS, DODGE & CO. \ WIRE DRAWERS. Patent Galvaniring, Rolling and Tempering. | MANUFACTURERS OF IRON, AND IRON AND STEEL WIRE. — Of Every Description. bi A SPECIALTY MADE OF GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH W IRE, GALVANIZED TELEPHONE WIRE, —_—_— Capewell Mfg. Co.’s Line of Sport- a DEP AS: =e Mills At aie, Madi ft ” ae icin ; aede ce TIN PLATE, 296 Bro.-ivay, New York, WATERBURY,| Sheet and Roll Brass, INT STEEL BARB FENCING, 125 Ed:'y st, Providence, R. I. Conn. Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing, f ROOFING PLATE, Sheet Iron, Copper, Pig Tin Wire, Zire. &c. MANU? AC TURERS OF German Silver Metal and Wire, Copper and Iron Rivets. OILERS and CUSPADORES, | LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, LANTERNS and TRIMMINGS, | KEROSENE BURNERS, Clocks & Fly Fan Movements, } PLUMBERS’ MATERIALS, Particular attention paid to cutting out Blanks and manufacturing Metal Goods. MANUFACTORY, WAREHOUSE, Bridgeport, Conn. | 19 Murray Shy M. 2. N. ¥. HARRISON WIRE CO ,|7 ST. LOUIS, MO., ~ ) { AND PUMP CHAIN. | J WA { New York, 16 Cliff and \ REHOUSES! ) Chicago, 107 and tog L et en — Gnesi yous SAN SSS SSS HOWARD co MORSE, Warehouse, 45 Fulton Street, New York, MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS COPPER AND IRON WIRE CLOTH, Detioit Copper & Brass COPPER AND BRASS.| Rolling Mills, CLETT CFE F, aw So BRAZIERS’ AND SHEATHING COPPER, SCOVILL MFG CO/ROLLED, SHEET & PLATERS’ BRASS BR ASS, GERMAN OR NICKEL SILVER, "Copper Wire for Electrical and other purposes, HINCES, WIRE, CERMAN SILVER. ais. s an Cormae River Was, Coy per Rivets and Burrs, PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS. | copper B01 1\0MS FOR TEA KETTLES AND BOILERS, > P : B U 7 T Oo wu 3 Cor. Larned & Fourth Sts., Detroit, Mich. 5 CLOTH AND METAL. —_—__.>_-——. MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF ROME IRON WORKS, DEPOTS, FACTORIES, Grhcasirmaiem Sotekoon Manufacturers of STEEL AND IRON 183 Lake St Chicago, New York Civ. | Brass, Gilding Metal, Cop- : er and German Silver DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN é 0 ! P (In Sheets, Rods, Tubing or Wire), W | RF x OPE. COPPER & BRASS RIVETS AND BURS. Rome, New York. Holmes, Booth & Haydens, WATERBURY, CONN. NEW YORE, BOSTON, 49 Chambers St. 18 Federal St. Manufacturers of a)l kinds of Brass, Copper & German Silver, ROLLED AND IN SHEETS. BRASS & COPPER WIRE, Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs. BRASS & IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. Tin Plate. Pig Tin, Sheet Iron, Cooper, Wire, Zinc, Etc. 29 & 31 Cum St., cor. Fulton, DICKERS* CO., Liverpool. NEW YORK. A. C. NORTHROP, Waterbury, Conn., NOVELTIES IN BRASS AND OTHER METAL GOODS FOR HARDWARHRE TRADE. Wrought Iron and Brass Machine Screws; Turned Hozagos, Round and Square Head Cap and Set Screws; and fron Safety ana Jack ok Chain; gilt, Nickel Plated and Bronze Trimmings of all kinds. from Sheet Iron, Steel or Brass. Estimates on patented articles, or any description of Sheet Metal work, respectfully solicited and promptly given. _ ; J a No. 14 4 Mesh, ‘No. 21 Wire, No. 16 Mosh, No. 23 3 Wire. ‘No. 18 Mesh No Wire. ABRAM 8. HEWITT, President, JAM Treasu WM. HEWITT, Vice President. E, <Amon meee TRENTON IRON COMPANY, (INCORPORATED 1847), TRENTON, N. J., Manufacturers of [RON and STEELWIRE OF ALL GRADES, BRIGHT, ANNEALED, COPPERED, TINNED AND GALVANIZED Iron and Steel Wire Rods; , womes Serene S S New York Office suse paren renes 2 speaet EXTRA QUALITIES OF BAR IRON AND RODS. . 7 nies ae '| Best Qualities of Gun-Screw and Charcoal Iron Wire; RENTON, 5 '6 : : Crucible, Siemens-Martin and Bessemer Steel Wire. N. J. - 117 Liberty Street.| JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Wire Straightened and Cut to Lengths. THE JOHN A, ROEBLING'S SONS 60, | "eon Pes errr Piladihia Otic, JOM HEWITT. Aen North Fourth Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, Antimony, Solder & Old Metals. 100 John Street, New York. PASSAIC ZINC CO. Manufacturers of Pure Spelter Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes AND ALL FINE WORK. Also for Galvanizers & Brass Founders. MANNING & SQUIER, Gen'l Agents, (113 Liberty Street, N. WY. Geo. W. Prentiss Jf Co. HOLYOKE, MA MANU FACTURERS = IRON AND STEEL WIRE ROPE For Hoisting, Running & Standing Ropes, Ferries, &c. CONSTANTLY KEPT ON HAND. Address: HAZARD MFG. CO., Wilkesharre, Luzerne Co., me Co., Pa, FELTEN &* GUILLEAUME, Carlswerk, near Cologne, Germany. PATENT CRUCIBLE STEEL WIRE, For Mining and Plow Ropes, Hawsers and Bridge Cables. SIEMENS-MARTIN AND BESSEMER STEEL WIRE, GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH WIRE of Charcoal and Swedish Iron and Steel, also with high conductivity, and in long lengths. GALVANIZED STEEL WIRE, For Plain, Barb and Strand Fencing, 3, qgnt hy Sisend, Stastes, &c. Annealed aa Oiled Fencing nd WIRE ROPE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, TELEGRAPH CABLES. Contractors to the German and Foreign governments. The Stes hous: tinent. Telegraph Address, CAMLSWEHM, COLOGNE. 7? Oraned on the Con General Agents for U. 8. and Canada, PERKINS & CHOATE, 23 Nassau St, N, Ye MANUFACTURERS OF WIRE ROPE) oiivacvzen |Lron and Steel Iron, Steel and Copper, | Telegraph Wire, WIRE Hoisting Purposes of all Market Wire, Market Wire, Fence Wi ’ are, kinds, for Ferries, Stays, . : Ship Rigging, Sash Cords, Vineyard Wire Bridge Wire, Chain Wire, Lightning Rods, &c., &c. F Buckle Wire, Spring Wire, Suspension Bridge Cables. Rivet Wire, &c., &c. CALVANIZED WIRE CLOTHES LINES. BRODERICK & BASCOM ‘ROPE C0.. CO., MANUFACTURERS OF WIRE ROPE BRODERICK& BASGOM ROPE Co. IRON WIRE ROPE, STEEL WIRE ROPE, 728 N. Main St. ‘St. Louis, Mo. Bright, "Copeered. “Anwéaled and Tin WORCES i ER WIRE co., Manufacturers of Plated. Also GUN SCREW WIRE — A. LESCHEN “Bs SON, IRON AND STEEL “he Of all sizes straightened and cut to order. so anufacturers of = 7 y ———_— = . ———| >» 2. : : --, 3 Sa = os = z nn Ss =- 2 = a eo 2 BROWNING, SISUM & CO., 85 Chambers SBlES = For all Purposes. P Manufacture —. EF os Belt Hooks, Cetters, Spring Keys, D Rings, o EVERY DESCRIPTION. 7 leis to 923 N. Main St, ST. LOUIS, MO, Correspondence invited. Staples, and everything pertaining to wire bending. Factory, AROOKL YN. WORCESTER, MASS. Als BEE ri we E. A. CAL LL October 5, 1882. THE IRON AGH. 8B CA RW c& AAOBSMN | by having the bore continued through the} center, and brick arches 4 inches thick 0 LINDEMANN Manufacturers of > solid breech and afterward closed by aniron! thrown from beam to beam. ‘he top sur- \ plug screwed in, and finally that the strength | face was leveled with concrete, and a floor £ C0 STEEL WIRE for all purposes and STEEL SPRINCS of every description. | or th, several cylinders is in direct propor- | of 2-inch plank laid upon it. A sheet-iron *5 : tion to the area of cast iron in the longi-| tank of the size to cover the floor, and 6 feet tudinal] section through the axis of the cyl-| high, was placed on the floor, filled + ith Ss ~~ Manufacturers of all RS > i eS P : inder. We think this claim too strong for , water to different depths, and the deflection kinds of Sas eS 3 the small number of experiments made, but | of the beams carefully noted The water a Ye: | hold that they prove conclusively the neces- | was then drawn off, and the amount of per- 4 | y | conc , ty “(cakes 77/4 Japanned, Brass & S Ss s = - | sity for further investigation in the direction | manent set given to the beams by each suc LL i Tin Plated e > SS - indicated, as the results here obtained are| cessive load thus determined (ther sim- i tt 4 | S Ra $ bd not only of great interest to the Ordnance | ilar beams were tested by dead loads applic d | | ae li BIRD > SS SS S = Department, but also to a great number of !in the center, the beams being unsupported 1 ie til S = | J rt beth, se > ——— a re > SS S| | CAGES. a > = | . >- Aas) P catalogues furnished = Na 'S } to the trade. - yy: | 254 Pearl St., Market Steei Wire. Crinoline Wire, tempered and covered. | NEW YORK. Aliso Patent Tempered Steel Furniture Springs, constantly on band. | 934, 236 and 238 West 29th Street, ‘ @ . ° ‘ NEW YORK. | POWER PRESSES, ‘IRON and BRASS RIVETS, | . RIVET MACHINES, | STUDS, PINS, &«c., | - } | Special Machinery to Order. For Manufacturers of Light Hardware. BLAKE & JOHNSON | 9 | WATERBURY, CONN. ; | ne —________ ee eS \ POPE,COLE & Co. | b 0 P P E R ORKS, SOLID INGOTS ONLY No. 57 South Gay St., BALTIMORE, MD., are > Have always on hand and for sale d b h GAUTIER STEEL INGOT COPPER, used by the | | . DEPARTMENT of Camb F Also Cakes, of unequaled purity and toughness. 0 am ra ; | 7 —— | | : Iron Co., Joh ° : | G. Gunther, » vonnstown, Pa., L , 4 i . . . ‘ Ee in making their Celebrated Fig. 4.—Diagram of an ‘‘ A” Cylinder. Fig. 5.—Diagram of a “ B” Cylinder. 7 Patented Brass, Sliver Plated THE EMERY TESTING MACHINE. and penne STEEL TIRE, which is per- ei = “2 a%- oo Gee a atti iL : BIRD CAGES. fectly straight, exact gauge, far more important industrial and manufac-| laterally. The loads and corresponding turing interests. In order to show the correspondence be- tween the statical strains of the testing | | deflections up to the point of failure are col lated in a series of tables, which we do not reproduce here, as they have hardly any Ut ; and easy to weld. TABLE A1.—DIMENSIONS OF CYLINDERS. [No. 13.] NEW YORK. — : ae ee / PYRE SOR eee —~ Distinguish Total External Reternal Alone. Depth of hole} Thickness of | Diameter of Largest variety in patterns and unsurpassed in ing marks. length. diameter. a 4S") in cast iron. | hning bore low prices, New Illustrated Catalogues and Price see ae I Cem SUN IE 2 RL x. Se et Lists on apguantion. Inch. Inch. Inch. | Inch. | Inch. | Inch. FOUNDRYMEN’S METALLIC > i. = = - 998 3-508 | 7 $3 | - Pattern Letters and Figures, . 3 22.50 = 997 3-395 +7 09 to | 3-308 To put on patterns of castings. All sizes, Re Bs ope So ae a ee pas _— o duced prices. Mnfd, by H. W. Knight, Seneca Falls, N.Y. Be a-97 = — x6. 5a 3 3. 28: wen — > —————_——__— Cr 22.00 10.998 4-312 16.52 512 3.287 ’ C 2. 22.00 10.995 4-300 16.50 } -508 3-284 THOMPSON'S PATENT the = See acecmnteencieden tein aha FOR machine and those exerted by the ex-| practical value at all in the form in which Wet Pulve i ti plosion of gunpowder, two 3.2-inch cast-|they arepresented. The transverse strength rization of Rocks, iron guns, weighing 931 pounds and 955 / of a rolled eye-beam Jepends upon its cross- a pounds respectively, and cast from the| section as well as the quality of the iron. Ores Rolling Mill Fix same pool of metal, and finished to the | All our leading mills, such as Carnegie Bros., ’ same dimensions, were procured and fired | Cooper, Hewitt & Co., Clarke, Reeves & Co., 7 itv » was si 7 a cast-i 4 iss books in which the strengt} AND OTHE to extremity, One was simply a cast-iron gun | &c., issue hand rength = MATERIAL, without any lining ; the other was lined with | of their beams is stated, based upon careful a coiled wrought iron tube, made at West | calculation of the moments of inertia of the EITHER COARSE OR TO AN IMPALPABLE POWDER, Point Foundry, of the same materials, in the | sections and the allowed extreme fiber stress. same manner and with the same care as is Architects and builders are almost entirely STEPHEN P. M. TASKER, eee she SOLE MANUFACTURER, ! Distinguish- , adc £0,000 200.0% > ° Care of MORRIS, TASKER & CO., Limited, memans | pounds. | pounds. | pounds. pounds. | pounds, Maximum enlargement of external diameter under loads of _——— + — 400,000 450,000 £00,000 5 50,000 pounds. pounds. pounds. poun ee ee. dl ee oe eae PS |) oe) S| | : - A 3. oo2 . ‘ 005 conan .O1l— ; 19 Centrifugal force applied to a rolling ball for the purpose of Bi. or |. anes .007 ,013 .O17 029 O4t ) pulverizin Tested h Bz. -003 er ava -003-+ .006 .008 +013 .020 23 8. ested thoroughly and guaranteed to yield a greater B 3. 003 1093 08 ons O14 product of pulverized material of equal fineness in a given time Cs oa Poe ae aa” © amt. 1 eas Le with less wear, less power, less first cost and less cost for repairs C 3. .006 | .007 .0085 than stamps or any other pulverizer. used in making tubes for converting smooth- | guided by these handbooks in the use of bore guns into rifles, and represented to a/| floor beams, and these Government tests, to scale of four-tenths a converted rifle of the| have any value whatever, ought to have Bergen Port Spelter. J, A. EMERICK. MINES : WORKS & FURNACES, HOWARD EVANS. latest model. The cast-iron gun proved | either verified the published tables of the Lehigh Valley, Pa. Bergen Port, N. J. itself the strongest, and the ratio of its different milis, or shown where modifications The only Miners and Manufacturers of superiority over the lined gun was about the of the same were suggested by the results of PURE same as shown in the experiments above | the tests. But as the tables in Colonel described, and detailed in the accompanying | Laidkey’s report simply give loads and cor tables A 1, A 2, A 3 and A 4. responding deflections, one would have tor Following next in order, the report contains | calculate the whole tests in order to find out the records of tests of wrought-iron I beams. | what they demonstrate. Life is too short for It appears that the board for testing iron, that sort of work, and as long as the Govern- ¥ > LEHICH MOLDERS’ TOOLS, SPELTER FOUNDRY FACING, From Lehigh Ore. MOLDING SAND, Especially adapted for FOUNDRY SUPPLIES, TaBLeE A3.—CYLINDER TESTS Cartridge Metal and German Silver. J.A kM ERICK & CO Under initial load of 5,000 pounds on piston. Unlimited loads . . + < e staal neieiees ae ; : Also manufacturers of > ; . 1056 to 1076 Beach St., PHILADELPHIA. Distinguishing se BERGEN PORT OXIDE ZINC. , marks lea pt of bore arn of bore aibninat saben ee Ir c rt p Superior for Liquip Part on account of its body | ————— — I i a i operties. re oN = = at ee nd wearing prope! NC co ESTABLISHED 1837. INCORPORATED 1876. Inches. Square inches Cubie inches. Pounds. eee BERCEN PORT Zi . H. S. Cmassz, Sec’y. Gi O. Geek. Senne a 9.878 111.19 Bat = = E. A. FISHER, Agent, 13 Burling Slip, N. Y. As & 33 95 : ‘4 ST ee Bi 10.007 1m12.71 85.62 635,500 4.9 a er ur Be 10.01 rr.5t 84.88 687,90 CALVIN WELLS, A. MEANS, és O., Bs i478 6.57 sb rn President. Manager. a C2 10. 38 615-03 87.96 693, 10 r 7 , Sa A 0.0f 113.00 50.23 709, 20 ‘ WATERBURY, CONN. & 3. = men oo py ILLINOIS ZINC CO., #: | Be | Be BRL - *Diameter of bore Considered to be 3 the interior diameter of the lining *+Diameter of bore con idered to be 3.3 the interior diameter of the linir | aes rass oods | steel and other metals, had left on hand a! ment pretends to make tests of general publi: ee cana 4 a on be ch it had intended | interest, they might as well work out their SHEET ZINC, |mennen & scHWERTE IRON AND STEEL WIRE WORKS, tay “itefcemmccbch thal imonded ner, hy mel oe oo monk oa te AT sCHWERTE, WESTPHALIA, GERMANY which they would be used for the floors of | ment has certainly more leisure than a PERU, ILLINOIS. Fhe largest Wire Works in the world. Make, on 12 trains, STEEL AND IRON WIRE RODS of all buildings. ; 7 : practicing engineer. The Same criticism dimensions down to No. 8 and 9, Stubs gauge. Also, FINE IRON, KOOP IRON, BAR IRON i & Colonel Laidley carried this intention into applies to the column tests. The tables _ nensions and qualities, <iniets *~ in &'?| effect in the following unique manner : Two | ought to give the calculated strength of th« E. A. FISHER, - « «= Agent, SOLE AGENTS FOR THE UNITED STATES: parallel walls were built 4 feet high, 28.5) columns according to Gordon’s and Ran : 1ese five 15-inch beams were | kine’s formulas, then the results of th: Burlé TMAWN 2 feet apart ; on these five 15-inch 2 Slip, Now York, woL & MICHKERTS, sT. LOUIS, MO. placed 7 feet 4.8 inches apart from center to| tests would*show what, if any, modifics » + ys roa eA a | = = : a - ~ . = an - = + «tuts > = rs aa es ct —— SS a 7 OGDEN & WALLACE, |4. B, Warner & Son, OXFORD IRON CO. |W, D, WOOD & CO’S) J ba a | ’ ; ~ ; t, October 5, 18892, THE LRON AGH. (B. G. CLARKE, Receiver,) so 6¢, 35h on hee Mae IRON MERGHANTS, Cut Nails fron and Steel | 28 & 29 West and 52 Washineton ts Of every descripuion kept in stock, Agents for Park Brother & Co.'s | wy co E. AND ce ; BLACK DIAMOND STEEL. ’ : 234) Ali sizes of Cast and Machinery Steel constantly | Angle, Toe and Girder Iron, a P | K = S. = SNOW SHOES | sy, on band. Boiler and Tank Rivets. & ROADSTER F |= | Sole Agents for the ce:enratac J. 8. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, ; PIERSON & CO, (5ttitasen> EEGQUER.| | 21:22 ne ae wesinrion sr et y_ouC 5 | geese toms aaeaaleiinaias Raatne uw rox. Planished Sheet Iron. e ' and Gasometer Iron. Special attention to Locomotive JOHN W. QUINCY & CO.,| sserins:ccsaton:im ni. §=|STEEL TOE CALKS. Established 1790, sen. Bue Ben lven acpeciels. 24 & 26 Broadway, 77 & 79 New St. ROME MERCHANT IRON MILLS, ©0 Williams Sivest, How. Tesk. IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, — Extra Quality Homogeneous Steel NEW YORK CITY. dessiiimenan tia akueeibal Anthracite & Charcoal Pig lrons, and at a much less price. , Bar Iron, Bands and Fine Hoops.} —"reuane Sorap, Cut Nails, Copper, FOR SALE, | BOILER PL ATE BLOCK TIN, LEAD, SPELTER, ANTIMONY, NICKEL, de by all the principal | scrolls, Ovals, Half Ovals, Half Rounds nee and | Hers se Shoe [ron. Also from Charcoal Pig a rior | dacea of Iron branded J.G. All puddled ba ls re { = e aa nee may be sent to the Millor + CARPENTER, our Agent, at 59 Joho Seices, “New Vert. All Sizes and Shapes kept in Stock. | a - FOX & DRUMMOND, ABEEL BROS. HARRISON &GILLOON METAL DEALERS) sveen erares, a descriptions, In the Large cities throughout Cut Nails and Spikes, Plate ond Sheet IRON AND METAL DEALERS, THE UNITED STATES. lron, all descriptions, 558, 560, 562 WATEK ST., & 302, 304, 3066 CHERRY ST., NEW YORK, And at their Office, nave on hand, and offer for sale, the tollowing : 11 Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA, 'SHOENBERGER & CO., Pitteburgh, Scotch and American Pig Iron, Wro yught, Cast and Wisnugat ron ld Copper, Compoaton, Hr C. KANE, __ KEYSTONE ROLLING MILL, Limited, ; OLD RAILS, SCRAP IRON, STEEL, weer BURDEN Ss PIC IRON, BLOOMS, IRON AND ORE. |Pittsburgh, .- HORSE SHOES. |witson iron works: Bonnell, Botsford & co- 190 South St., 365 Water St., IRON, NEW YORK. ALLENTOWN tin PLATES, SHAFTING. a And all sizes of ULSTER” METALS, " "Suon « N ee i eee LIGHT GRAY IRON CASTINGS Iron, Nail & Spi STEEL OF ALL KINDS. Marshall Lefferts & Co., “Burden Bast” | Metal ied han. pikes, ___ Bridgeport, Conn. YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. 90 Beekman 8t., New York City, MANUFACTURERS OF A. R. WHITNEY & CO. , CORRUGATED AND crimpep iron MANN & JON ES, Manufacturers ot and Dealers in LRON] Galvanized Sheet Iron, Our specialty is in Pest Bloom, Best Refined and Common. Manufacturing Iron Used in the Con- Galventees Wire, , Telograph « and Fence ; Galvanized ized and Bar Iron, struction of Fire-Proof Buildings, Hoo d Band Iron, Bridges, &c. Galvanized Nails, Galvanized Chain, Galvanized Lron Wittgh® Iron Beams and Channel iron. Boy ame Steel po 7. Gee Baa Nor CO RhUG ipaendlcgrodl _— Plates and Compressed Steel nepine. Glasgow Tube Works, Boiler oe, A. M. By ers & Co.'’s| Best Charcoal, Best Refined and Common Nails ‘aitoona. tron Co.'s Refined. Bars, Rode, SHEET LRON. “ans and estimates furnished, and contracts Plate and ‘Tank fron, mile for erecting Lron Structures of every descrip- No. 1,C H No. 1, GR Be No, 1 Flange, Best Flange. MOSELEY IRON BRIDGE AND ROOF Co., Py ey eregahaydn And Commission Merchants. lron ae ROOFING & SIDING, 4 Hanover St., New York, Iron a ane seytiohte, Bridocey ae” GENERAL IRON BROKERS W. S. MIDDLETON, FORSTER’S CRUSHER & PULVERIZER, Troy, N.Y, JNO. J. SHIPHERD, Boiler Rivets. a a ermereceamm | B/0kKer in Machinery & Iron : : 4 ‘ 7 LO QO i ». w.s. PI aah ha N.¥ EGLESTON BROS. & CO.,| ° outie xtra quaity von.” INVESTMENT BANKER, Rod a Bands. &c. Samson Iron Works, Refined rs tion. Books containing cuts of all tron made sent Best Flange Fire Box, ALL DBSCRIPTIONS OF on application by mail. Sample pieces at office. Please address 8 Hudson Street, New York, Iron Work Galvanized or Tinned to Order. Price list and quotations sent upon application. BORDEN & LOVELL, JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO., oe ee sirest | NEW YORK CITY. © ; Addeeee, Lake Superior Iron Mining Stocks, a - SCOTCH AND AMERICAN BURDEN’S CANTON BLOOMARY CO., ce CLEVELAND, OHIO. Commission Merchants HB. &-S, pw ile too. __ 70 & 71 West St, PIG IRON, . . “De | Railway Supplies and Equipment. | con pec s SONS & COm Stockhoim AND No. 67 Liberty St., NEW YORK. Swedish & Norway lron No. 69 Wall St., New York. ULSTER BAR IRON. — a, a oe STEEL CO., | s¢ w York and Phiedelpmicy cep nnnd at Boston, ork an ATER QOOMORIVE MTT HES. HOMOGENEOUS | specialty. ghia.» Importation orders U LS T . x | < 0 N wo R KS K PLATES IRON AND STEBL AXLES, | GUSTAF LUNDBERG, 38 Kilby st., Boston All sizes and shapes in stock. CRANK PINs, PiIS'ON RODS, S 4LBERT POTTS, Philadelphia Agent, 234 & 236 N. 90 Broadway, New York. oa eatery al ye ARON AND STEEL LOCOMOTIVE FORGINGS. | Front Street” nS) GLENGARNOCK AND CARNBROE SCOTCH PIG IRON Tuckerman, Mulligan & Co CARMICHAEL & EMMENS VOUGHT & WILLIAM : S, For spot delivery and for prompt or forward shipments to New York, Boston, Philadelphia, 288 Greenwich Street, Baltimore or New Orleans. For sale in lots to suit by 130, 132 & 134 Cedar St., New York, and Nos 21, 23, 25 & 27 West Lake St., Chicago, Ill. Oa Revel f — New York Agents for tne sale of Fall River tron Co.’s Nails Bands, Hoops & Rods. AND Gorden Mining Company’s Cumberland Coals. WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., NEW YORK, JAMES LEE & CO., Sole Agents for the United States. Dealers in 72 Pine Street, NEW YORK. 101 Milk Street, BOSTON, MASS, Horse Shoes, Horse Nails, ast iLEE«C HBURG LRON WORKS. ‘ . DEALERS IN (RON MERCHANTS | oy ano stéEt” BOILER PLATE. BELLOWS, FORGES, VISES KIRKPATRICK & CO., Cor. Albany & Washington Sts, Lap-Welded Boiler Tubes. &c. &c. E'INE FIG ar . NEW YORK OITY. rAsent for Otte’ celebrated Cast Stee! police mie | Tuyere trons, Carriage and Tire Bolts, x Ss [IRON =, iin einaibedl Angie, Tees, Kvets, ores 3 Wrought Iron Scams RASPS AND FILES, (Refined Cold Rolled, otecmas man ie he ee Ferrule Iron, ian OF FIOR, No, 143 First Ave., Pittaburgh, Pa __ WORKS, Lerohburg, Pe We H WaLlLack Drilling Machines, Hammers and | - 0 a —— CHARLES HUBBARD. DANIEL W. RICHARDS & CO., Giadaes FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC | * Sheridan” & * Leesport” Brands Pig Iron, SCRAP IRON RAILS STEEL AND METALS B. FF. JUDSON, WHITE IRON (Anthracite & Bessemer) Stock for Making Strong Castings. j ' ' Importer of and Dealer in “CHARCOAL” PIG IRON “MAIDEN CREEK” and “GARRICK” BRANDS Yards and Office, 88 to 96 Manyin St., NBW YORK. SCOTCH AND AMERICAN FAVORITE BRANDS OF SCOTCH PIC, IN STOCK AND TO ARRIVE ’ . DanieL W. RicHARDS. — Morton B. Suro. _ Pp i = IT r Oo n 9 ___Old Car Wheels, Best Brands. _—- _ 46 Cliff Street, New York City. JAMES W. ROSS, PASSAIC ROLLING MILL Co., Manufacture and have always in stock ROLLED IRON BEAMS, Channels, Angles, Tees, Merchant Bars, Riveted Work, Forg- ings, Eye Bars, &c. PATERSON, N. J Room 45, Astor House, New York. CUT NAILS, Wrought & Cast Scrap Iron, IMPORTER OF AND FURNACE AGENT FOR OLD METALS. |SCOTCH AND AMERICAN PIG IRON, MANUFACTURERS’ AGENT OF 457 59 Water St., 2534285 souun ses} NEW YORK. Bar Lron, Car Wheels, Axles, Rails and Railroad Supplies. SOLE AGENT Manhattan Rolling Mil| WHITAKER IRON COMPANY OF WHEELING, W. VA., MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET IRON, TANK AND FIRE BED, J. LEONARD, 36 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO. 445 to 451 West St., 177 &179 Bank St., | youn d. srowuns, President. Sinden Geass Gonna: Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &c, we hee THE JERSEY CITY GALVANIZING Co., E SHOE IRON, CALVANIZED MATERIAL OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. DOV ER IRON CO.'S " ° . = Calk Steel, Galvanized Sheet [ron— Sent mot ng cn et a epee n. eee a Round, Square Ba Rods, Ovals, Half Ovals and Flats. Hoop Iron, &c., &c. " = RFR oe Lr = Es RR. FR. I YT ES TT a3, - All Sizes — All Gauges Boiler Brace Jaws, Socket Bolts, & DANE act C QON EY,| «omen mn : BOILER PLATES AND SHEET IRON, -_ Sizes LAP-WELODED HOILER FLUES 1% to 5 inches. of Sheets. Boiler Rivets, Angle & T Iron, Cut Nails & Spikes. - : ~ ——- — Agency for Glee som a ‘oD Co, Jos. L. Baile 2 Co Pine lron Works, Lebanc 2 ollin 8, ester nized, "| Baas Tube Co. Albany s ion iron & Steel Co. 5 | Corrugated Sheet Irou a Sn clalty, entrant eet Se Tet Iron Corrugated for the Trade. " ted boiler vets; omogeneous Steel, er 14Y Greenwich Street, New York. and Fire Box Plates. - WORKS, GREEN AND BAY STREETS, JERSEY CITY, N, J. OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE, 98 JOHN STREET NEW YORK October 5, 1882. Siemens’ Regenerative BAS FURNACE, &nuiscturers| Agents For Iron and Steel Rails, Car Wheels, Boiler and RICHMOND & POTTS, — Sheet Iron and General Railway 119 &. Fourth St. PHILADELPHIA, PA. The Cambria Iron and Steel Works, Old Rails, Axles, and Wheels bought and sold. Having enjoyed for over TWENTY-FIVE YEARS the reputation of producing the best quality of RAILS, have now an annual capacity of 230,000 Tons of Iron and Steel Rails, Splice Bars, &c. ADDRESS, CAMBRIA IRON COMPANY, No, 218 South 4th Street, Philadelphia. Or at the Works, JOHNSTOWN, PA. Or LENOX SMITH, New York Selling Agent, 46 Pé THE PHCENIX IRON CO., 410 Walnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. WROUCHT IRON ROOF TRUSSES, CIRDERS & JOISTS, and all kinds of Iron Framing used in the construction of Fire Proof Buildings, PATENT WROUGHT IRON COLUMNS, WELULESS EYE BARS, and built up shapes for [ron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and every variety of SHAPE IRON made to order. Plans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. NEW YORK AGENTS, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty Street. BOSTON AGENTS, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ALAN WOOD & CoO., MANUFACTURERS OF te Bt., N. ¥. Patent Planished, Galvanized, Common, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charcoal Bioom PLATE ct SHEET IRON. No. 519 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. Ord licited especially for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water Pipe, Smoke Stack, Tank ind Boat Iron $ Last, Stamping, Ferruie, Locomotive Headlight and Jacket Iron, Iron, PENCOYD IRON WORKS. A. & P. ROBERTS & CO., , I} 1, JAS. ROWLAND & CO. Kensington Iron, Steel & Nail Works, 920 North Delaware Ave., - PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of the ANVIL BRAND REFINED MERCHANT BAR IRON. Also, the James Rowland & Co. Kensington * cut from their Refined Anvil stock. Also, Plow and Cultivator Steel; Skelp Iron a specialty; also Rounds, Squares, Flats, Bands and Hoop Manufacturers of LP CAR AXLES. BAR, ANGLE, TEE AND CHANNEL IRON. Office, No. 265 8S. Fourth St., Philadelphia. Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. wT. W. PAXSON « ‘ee, NLOVUILEDING SAND, 102! North Delaware Avenue, PHILADELPHIA, PA., MANUFACTURERS X MINERAL, CHARCOAL FACING, LEAD FACING, XX MINERAL, ANTHRACITE FACING, HIDDLES, SHOVELS, IXL FACING, SOAPSTONE, STEEL BRUSHES. ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILL COMPANY, Manufacturers of Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn Tables. Genera! Office, 237 South Third St,, Philadelphia. Works at Allentown, Pa. JAMES C, ROOTH THOMAS H. GARRETT ANDREW A, BLAIR. BOOTH, CARRETT & BLAIR, Analytical and Consulting Chemists, 919 and 921 Chant St. (10th St. above Chestnut St.), PHILADELPHIA PA, Established in 1836. Analyses of Ores, Waters, Metals and Alloys of allkinds A special department for the ANALYSIS OF IRON AND STEEL, fitted with all the apparatus and appliances for the rapid and accurate analysis of Iron Steel, Iron Ores, Slags, Limestones. Coals, Clays, Fire Sands &c. Agents for sampling ores in New York and Raitimore Price lists on application. CHEMICALS AND APPARATUS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ORES, IRON, STEEL, FUEL, FLUXES, FURNACE GASES, &c., Our Specialty. Being direct Importers an] Manufacturers we can offer superior inducements. EIMER & AMEND,/} Nos. 205 to 211 Third Avenue NEW YORK. s Eighteenth Street Station Elevated R. R Tilystrated Catalpgue Mailed en Application. HENRY LEVIS & €0., | Edward J. Btting, THE IRON AGE. ” JUSTICE COX, JR. & CO., AGENTS FOR CHICKIES, ST. CHARLES, MONTGOMERY WARWICK, CONEWAGO AND KEYSTONE Foundry & Forge Pig lron. SHAWNEE ROLLING MILL CO., Limited, Best Quality Muck Bar. CATASAUQUA MFG, COWS Bar, Angle, Skelp and Sheet Iron. Railroad Car Axles, New and Old Rails. No. 333 Walnut St., Philadelphia. PETER WRIGHT & SONS, 307 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, 55 Broadway, New York, 44 Second Btreet, Baltimore, mporters of German and English SPIEGELEISEN. Pig, Scrap, NEW AND OLD RAILS, And Iron Ore. JEROME KEELEY & CO.. 206 Walnut Place, Philadelphia. SELLING AGENTS FOR CHARCOAL and ANTHRACITE BLOOMS, PIG IRON, BAh IRON, SHEET IRON, STEEL and IRON RAILS, IRON CLAD STEEL RAILS and BARS, MAGNETIC and HEMATITE IRON ORES FIRE BRICK, COAL and ‘OKE. MUCK BARS. Handle Old Iron and Steel Rails, Scrap Iron, &c. Examine and negotiate sales of Iron and Coal properties. E. H. Wilson. A. Kaiser. J. B. M. Hirons E. H. WILSON & CO., 230 South Third Street, Philadelphia. BROKERS AND DEALERS IN IRON AND STEEL. Correspondence solicited. RD <a IRON BROKER ssp COMMISSION MERCHANT, 222 8. Third St., Philadelphia, Pa. Pig, Bar and Railroad Iron. OLD RAILS, SCRAP, &o. Agent for the MOUNT SAVAGE FIRE BRICK, The Allentown Iron Co. and the Greenwood Ro'ling Mill. STORAGE WHARF AND YARD DELAWARE AVENUE ABOVE CALLOWHILL STREET, connected by track with railroad. Cash advances made on Iron. Established 1837. A. PURVES & SON, Dealers in Scrap Iron, Metals and Machinery Cor. South and Penn Sts., Philadelphia, Offer for sale in large or small lots, quantities to suit, Old Machinery, Red Scrap Brass (selected), Old heavy Yellow Scrap Brass, Ingot Red Brass (best qual ity), Ingot Yellow Brass, Ingot Gun Metal made strictly from old cannon. D. W.R. READ & CO., Importers and dealers in FOREICN & NATIVE BESSEMER ORES. PIC IRON ENCLISH FIRE BRICK. 205 % Walnut St., PHILADELPHIA. 142 Pearl St, 57 Gracechurch St.. 67 S, Gay St., _NEW YORK, LONDON, BALTIMORE, NORTH BROS. #34 and Race Sts., Philadelphia. Fine Light and Medium-Weight GRAY IRON CASTINGS to order. Correspondence solicited. Isaac V. Lioyp. Jas. G. LINDSAY. LLOYD & LINDSAY, No. 328 Walnut St,, P+ILADELPHIA, Brokers and General Dealers in Iron and Steel, Railway Equipments and Supplies, Rar, Plate and Sheet Iron, Pig Iron, Rails and Fastenings, Muck Bars, Blooms, Boiler Tubes, Wrought [ron Pipe, &c. Old Rails and Scrap Iren, Florida Yellow Pine, cargo lots. BLAKEY & WALBAUMN. 206 S. Fourth St., PHILADELPHIA. SPECIALTIES NEW AND OLD RAILS, BLOOMS, BESSEMER PI@d, Spiegeleisen Iron Ores AND ‘Railroad Supplies Generally. J. 0. RICHARDSON. No. 232 Dock St., Philadelphia, DEALER IN Pig Iron, Merchant Bar Iron and Iron Ores. J. W. HOFFMAN & UO., Iron Merchants & Railway Equipments. 208 South Fourth St., Philadelphia. Sole agents Glasgow Iron Co. and Pine Iron Worka manufacturers of Muck Bar and all grades of Plate Iron. Celebrated “Glasgow” and * Pine’’ brands for fire boxes and difficult fanging. Pig and Bar Iron, Rails and all shapes in Iron. Suctalions given on Bridge and Building Specifications. Langhorne Wister. Rodman Wister, J. N M. Srimer Late Shimer & Co, L. & R. WISTER & CO., IRON BROKERS. Scrap Iron a Specialty. Agents for the Clearfield Fire Brick Co.'s Fire Bricks. 7 _No. 230 South 4th St., Philadelphia. G. A. HEBERTON. 8. FRANK SHARPLESS. HEBERTON & CO.,, Selling Agents and Commission Merchants For the sale of Pig, Bloom, Plate, Bar, Scrap, Galvanised, Black, Sheet, Pipe and Railroad IRON. No. 220 So. 34 St., Phila. Charcoal Bloom and Pig a specialty. JOSEPH P. KEED & CO., lron Brokers and Commission Merchants, | — 261 8. Fourth St., Philadelphia. Sole Agents for COOPER IKON MINING CO., Chester, N. J. RIDGEVIEW COAL AND COKE CO. Latrobe. J. D. BOYLE’S CONNELLSVILLE COKE. HARBISON & WALKER’S FIRE BRICKS. MAGNETIC and HEMATITE IRON ORES a Specialty. ANDOVER PIG IRON, FOR BEST MILL PRODUCTS, Andover Chill Iron for Carwheels, &c. Each pig marked exact chill depth (% inch to % inch), A. Whitnev & Son’s standard test. F. A. Comiy, Treas. J. WESLEY PULLMAN, Agent. 407 Walnut St., PHILADELPHIA. 430 Walnut St, PHILADELPHIA, P4, J. TATNALL LEA & CO., Successors to CABEEN & CU., IRON COMMISSION MERCHANTS, No. 400 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. BESSEMER, MILL AND FOUNDRY PIG IRON, SKELP IRON, MUCK AND &CRAP BARS NATIVE AND FOREIGN ORES, A. A. HUTCHINSON & BRO.’S CONNELLSVILLE COKE ~ HIE AMERICAN MACHINE CO, — MANUFACTURERS OF HARDWARE SPECIALTIES. Branch House: STANDARD STEEL WORKS. LOCOMOTIVE AND CAR WHEEL TIRES, Manufactured from the celebrated OTIS STEEL. BRAND Z Z STANDARD. Quality and efficiency fully guaranteed. Prices as low as any of the same quality. We manufacture Heavy and Light Forgings, Driving and Car Axles, Crank Pins, Piston Rods, &c. Works at Lewistown, Pa. Office, 2:20 8. 4th St., Philadelphia, Pa. J. J. MOHR., | Sole Agent for ‘Sheridan, Leesport, Ring- gold and Lynchburg, BESSEMER, FOUNDRY AND FORGE PIG IRON, Jefferson and Mt Penn Cold Blast Car Wheel Charcoal Pig Iron. Office and Factory Lehigh Ave. and American St., Philadelphia, No. 128 Chambers St., New York SPECIALTIES: Fluting Machines, Hand Fluters, Plaiting Machines, Christmas Tree Holders, Bickford Portable Pump, Mrs. Potts’ Patent Cold-Handle “Crewn’” [rons, Ice Cream Freezers and Cake Mixing Machines J. EF. BAILEY c& CO., 216 South 4th Street, - - PHILADELPIILIA, SELLING AGENTS, Pottsville Iron & Steel Co.’s Beams, Angles, Channels, Rails and Bars, A. & P. ROBERTS & €0.°S Car Axles, Plates, Channeis, Tees, Angies and Bar Iron. Universal and Sheared Plates for Bridge and Other Work. Special attention given to all kinds of Structural! trons, BRADLEE & CO., EMPIRE CHAIN WORKS, 816 Richmond St., Philadelphia. ( HAI NS, iven to the Manufacture of Chains for Special attention Dredging Chains; ‘“D, B. G.’ Spec al Cranes; Mining anc “rane Chain CHARLES K. BARNS, | 5 tion in either of these formulas is required for the proper dimensioning of these import ant truss-members. If the column tests are intended merely as a comparison of the re sults obtained from different forms of sec- tion, then all the columns ought to be manu factured out of the same brand of iron, or at least of iron the coefficients of which are thoroughly established. Thesum ming up of the results thus far obtained from the column tests is quoted below from strength . a ee ne The Emery Testing Machine.—Fig. 6.—Dia- gram of a ‘*C” Cylinder. the report, and is really all that can be said of the tests made, ‘* An extensive series of experiments has been commenced on the strength of wrought- iron c>)lumns as used in bridge constructions, and a number of columns of various lengths PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPORTIONS OF THE MATERIALS. TABLE Ay [Analyzed by Cant John Pitman, Ordnance Department.) Specific gravitv ; ; 7.169 Tensile strength, pounds per square inch Phosphorus. azn Silicon 1.471 Manganese, 178 Copper. 0.008 Cobalt 0.055 Nickel es ; - 0.053 Sulphur 0.045 Total carbon . 2.781 Graphite 642 BRONZE LINING TUBE, Specific gravity betore compression 107 Specific gravity after compression Tensile strength, pounds per square inch, after compression. . 42,190 Elongation (per cent.) after compression COPPER LINING TUBE Specific gravity after compression. ; 8.85 Tensile strength, pounds per squere inch, after compression $ 45,298 Elongation (per cent.) after compression 7 BRONZE PLUG IN BOTTOM OF BORE Specific gravity before compression 7.86 Specific gravity after compression 3748 and cross-sections, such as are in every-day use in bridges, have been tested. The exper iments, however, have not been completed forthe want of time, and the results thus far obtained which have now to reported, while they are not sufficiently numerous to warrant us in drawing any definite and fixed conclusions as to the best form to be given to columns, will doubtless be found of great value to engineers. ‘* The cast-iron separators placed between the beams weaken the column to the extent of the area removed by boring the holes for them. These experiments show the import be Fig 7. The Copper Waa-Check. ance of accurate workmanship in the con the necessity for strict inspection to msure it ; ‘* The when they have reached their ultimate load and yield by de flection, co rapidly without giving any indi eations of failing. Further experiments will be made with other kinds of columns and different Jatticing to determine which is the whether additional strength struction of columns, and latticed columus, and also best, may not be imparted by different degrees of swell.” This last suggestion is a very good one and if the tests are carefully made and close attention be given to the mode of riveting &e., they may ultimatel ntribute to the establishing of what might prope rly be called a ‘ coetlicient of workmanship.’ The next series of tests referred to in the report are pin test Very valuable work is done here, and we regret that our space not permit of the reproduction In oul umns of the tabulated results The most valuable series of tests are those made on ‘‘ single refined” and ** double re fined ” iron Che history of the pr >of manufacti of the two kind : through their vari us stages, 1s minutely given in the report of Mr. W.G. Berg, C. E., who kindly made the selection of the specimens from iron rolled in his presence, and about which there could bi no question He has also added thereto th results of such physical tests as are usually made by bending and breaking samples noting their behavior and the character of he fracture Se A i onenrg Ps CTR ee rn Cao a , 8, siden = eee et =e under ordinary conditions of service, They can | D & BReDLEY ¥ Bay en and Gen | Man. Works, Irondale, Cook Co., ill. cars and draw a dditional c cars, Olroulars with full particulars supplied. THH IRON AGE. October 5, 1889, A. H. McN ., |ROANE IRON COMPANY, Manufacturers of and Dealers in Pig and Railroad Iron. CHATTANOOGA, 7" 2*# - TENN. | L. HERNSHEIM, | Manufacturers’ Agent and Goltasiabhon Merchant, No. 20 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK. ENGLISH | bes: EMER PIG IRON, STEEL BLOOMS, FERROMANGANESE, STEEL WIRE RODS, SPIEGEL IRON, OLD & NEW IRON RAILS, AUSTRIAN CHARCOAL PIG IRON, GOTHENBURG, STEEL RAILS, SWEDEN. “YOM Aipuno4 jesaua4 CAST IRON PIPES FOR WATER AND GAS. WROUGHT IRON Boiler Tubes, Steam, Gas and Water Pipe. Oil Well Tubing, Casing and LINE PIPE, Cotton Presses, Forgings, ROLLING MILL AND General Machinery, READING IRON WORKS. 261 S. Fourth St. + Philadelphia, BROWN & BROTHERS, 81 Chambers St., N. Y. Waterbury, Conn. MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS, COPPER AND GERMAN SILVER In Sheets, Rolls, Rods, Wire, Tubing, Rivets, and Burs, Etc, ALBO, Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. TENTED FEANL Ess BRASS AND COPPER HOUSE BOILERS, warranted to — 200 lbs pressure and guaranteed against vacu ESTABLISHED IN 1848. SINGER, NIMICK & CO, Limited, ®RTTON "ROM AND STEEL co. PITTSBURGH, PA. IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATE, MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF Tank, Bridge and Ship Plates, HAMMERED AND ROLLED BLACK AND GALVANIZED SHEET IRON. Works foot of Wason St., cor. L. S. & M. S. R. R.. CLEVELAND, O SDE E.L., Warranted Equal to any Produced. JACKSON IRON COMPANY, BEST REFINED TOOL CAST STEEL {Papi Sa Fayette Pig Iron (L. 8. Charcoal), Wer Bdgeand Turning Tools, Taps, Dies, Drilis, Punches, Shear-Knives, Stewaw Pig Iron (Bituminous Coal and Coke), ar Wheel purposes. OCold-Chisels and Machinists Tools generally. Hammered Blooms, Billets and Muck Bar, extra _ in phosphorus, for Siemens Martin and SAW PLATES Crust Steel. Miners of Jackson (Lake Su rior) Iron Ore: Offices, 130 Water St. or Otreular, Mulay, Mill, Gang, Drag, Pit and Cross-Ont Saws. FAYETTE BROWN, Gen, Agent, HARVEY H, RAAVEY 1. BROWN, Rast, Gen. Agent. HARVEY H. . BROWN & CO., Sshneet Steel AGENTS Stamping Cold, &c., &c. CHAMPION IRON CO., Dealers in Pig Lron, Iron Ores and Old Rails. SIEMENS-MARTIN (Open-Hearth) PLATE STEEL Offices, 130 Water St