The Iron Age 1882-06-22: Vol 29 Iss 25

~The Iron Age A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. Published every Thursday Morning by Davip Witttams, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. Vol. XXX : No. 25. New York, Thursday, June 22, 1882, $4.50 a Year, Including Postage. Single Coptes, Ten Cents. Tests of Automatic Sprinklers. The subject of automatic sprinklers has of late attracted a great deal of attention from manufacturers and others having large fac- tory buildings to protect from fire. One reason for this has been in the numerous in- stances recently given where fires, which promised to be very serious, have been quickly extinguished by sprinklers before the fire department or even before the watchman could reach the spot. These sprinklers con- sist of heads arranged to throw a diffused spray of water. The caps or valves are sol- dered fast with bismuth solder of such com- ition as to melt at about 165° F. As it fase its tenacity at a lower temperature, they will generally open at 150° or 155°. The usual method of arranging a system of distributing pipes is to place them across the building above the floor beams, spaced 20 feet apart, with 5-foot branches every ro feet. On the ends of these branches a sprinkler is placed; each sprinkler then covers 100 square feet of floor surface. This is neces- sary to avoid the cooling action of the water on certain forms of sprinklers. A more improved arrangement is that shown in the large engraving, which is a section of the mill. This arrangement has marked advan- tages, as the pipes are in the middle of each bay, close to the ceiling, and out of the way of shafting, belts and pipe connections. Whenever the temperature of the upper of the room is high enough to melt the Efeorath solder, the head opens and throws the water upward in a fine spray, wetting the ceiling and falling in a shower upon the floor, A float in the tank at the same time gives the alarm, the falling water causing the float to trip the clockwork, which strikes a gong bell or blows a whistle. The action of these sprinklers, of which there is a great variety in the market, is so rapid that the paint on the ceiling over them is rarely blis- tered. In many buildings it is the habit at noon to test the fire apparatus and blow the whistle at the same time. This is done by drawing water from the fire tank, which, of course, causes the float to fall and the whistle blows. The water, of course, is pumped up after each use of the apparatus. Hundreds of competitive trials have been made of automatic sprinklers, and every effort hgs been made to simulate the condi- tions of actual practice. Satisfactory as trese trials have been to the public, the manufacturers themselves have desired to show a still more rapid operation. We do not know if it is quite possible with any fire kindled upon the floor to test the compara- tive rapidity with perfect fairness. Cracks in the building, open doors, and various other causes which influence the ascending currents of heated air from the burning ma- terials, are generally beyond control. In considering the practical value of automatic rinklers, special weight must be given to e fact that since their introduction 33 fires have been extinguished by them without one instance of failure. This successful record is really more of practical value than any test ould possibly be. lt may, however, still be of interest to record some experiments re- cently made for the Boston Manufacturers’ Mutual Fire Insurance Company, in which every effort was made to obtain the condi- tions of actual practice. Several of the lead- ing sprinklers were tested. The first was the automatic sprinkler invented by Mr. Henry S. Parmelee. This is asmall reaction turbine upona stand. It is covered by a thin cap of brass soldered at its edge with the bismuth solder. When this seal is melted the cap is thrown off by the pressure within, and the reaction of the water against the in- clined orifices of the turbine causes the head to reyolve very rapidly and throw a stream of water intoa very fine spray. The ac- companying cut, Fig. 3, illustrates this sprinkler, which is the original of the auto- matics, and is in more extensive use than any of the later ones. The A. Burritt Hard- ware Company, Waterbury, Conn., fur- nished some of their new sprinklers, Fig. 2, which consist of a rese-head gpen at the bot- tom ; a short distance below this is a perfor- ated disk. A thimble, with a hemisp erical top inside of the head, covers the opening of the pipe. When the solder melts this thim- ble is driven by the current into the perfor- ated head, in which it revolves and dodges very rapidly. The object of this peculiar arrangement is to break up and dislodge any sediments which would be likely to obstruct the orifices. It also divides the streams of water into a fine spray. The Grinnell sprinkler, made by the Providence Steam & Gas Pipe Company, is invented by Mr. Frederick Grinnell. This is shown in Fig. 4. Here the soldered joint is placed between two thin pieces of brass separated at some distance from the body of the sprinkler, so that only a small mass of metal is heated in melting the solder, and this metal is removed from any cooling effects due to the water in the body of the sprinkler. The sprinkler consists of a chamber whose lower portion is an elastic metal diaphragm, the center of which is fastened by a ring. A round sheet of brass with g soft metal sheet in its center, closes this opening, forming the valve. The edge of this brass sheet, as will be seen in the section, is toothed. It is held in place by a pair of levers. When the solder melts the Em drop, the brass plate falls in position, shown in the external view, and the stream of water striking upon this plate is broken up into spray. This construction keeps the valve tight at all pressures, and attains the rather paradoxial result, that as phe pressure increases the valve is held more firmly to its seat. These are the sprinklers | various trials made, together with tables) ritt sprinkler was substituted for the Par- showing the times of opening. The building | melee. for making the experiments was 20 by 50) feet, divided by a partition into two rooms,| % one stuare and the other 20 by 30 feet, and| «¢ | Sens a ee about 10 feet high at the sides and 11% feet| 33 | along the middle. There were two sets of| & - se Grinnell | Burritt new pipes near the ceiling for testing two kinds| & solder. sprinklers, | sprinkler. of sprinklers simultaneously with the same | —-— |————— —________|_________ fire, the heads on each system being within | ; M S. M. 8. M. S. . Bacee cece ee I T a few inches from each other and the same °° "* **”’ - : = wre hight from the floor. Bells were hung from} 3........ r 19 2 32 e the ceiling near each of the sprinklers on 4:::- ----| 52 3 00 wires, fastened in loops with links of bismuth | 3°**’ seat - - : a solder. When each of these links melted, -- —_—_— the bells fell about 1 foot and rang. The Several remained in the room during this weather was clear; wind, a brisk westerly | trial, sitting during the later stages of the breeze. The doors and window shutters, ex- fire until driven out by the water showered cept those leading to the other portion of the | from the Burritt sprinkler. building, were closed. Third Trial.—The trail of fuel was about First Trial.—A trail of fuel consisting of ' the same hight and width, but only ro feet BS r¢ — * DW i mn N) Second Trial.—Fuel and other arrange- | sprinklers was so prompt that the request for used, and the following is an account of the! ments as before, except that the new Bur-|a ‘‘hot fire” could not be granted, as there | : ‘ | Time of operation. Link of | ses ’ 7 Grinnell | Position of plan. | — sprinkler. M. S8. M. 8. ls CEO COCO ECSESECD bm Shee ees | ee oe es ee ie pew Rue 6056540440000 8 EO ‘ oe 2h ‘- & TSrccccvcccecrcctescccccess “| oo 28 ++ 30 PM raicctvcens ebarseeks jax ie? } ~ aa a was nothing upon the premises more rapidly |combustible than dry pine shavings. The result of these tests is wholly in accord with that of previous trials, and is confirmed by the practical results of their operation in ac- ‘tual service. Thus far the automatic sprink- |lers have been mainly confined to the textile | mills of the East, as the demand from that BTN LOLS TTT TTT a TL TTT tt Tinta ——————- RSE eVUVUt inti ttt wuewann ane 7 i! f sv hstuenisuiaioal mane = ised es AL Fig. 1—Section of Mill, Showing Arrangement of Sprinkler and Pipes. TESTS OF AUTOMATIC SPRINKLERS. 3 barrels of hand-planed pine shavings and|in length. Water was let into the pipes car-| the whole capacity of the manufacturers of 1 bundle of pine ‘‘ edgings,” was laid along rying the Grinnell sprinkler. the middle of the room, forming a drift about 20 feet long, 2 feet wide and 1 foot high, the limits being ahout 5 feet from the | Time of operation. ends of the room. The Parmelee sprinklers Position om plan. =| Léaks of | Grinnell were attached to one system of pipes and the solder. sprinkler. Grinnell sprinklers to the other. Water |} ——-——-—————-— was admitted tothe Parmelee sprinklers only, | , M. 8. M. S. as it was expected that the Grinnell sprink-! 2.000.000.0770.) 2 8 | oon lers would open first, and, if it could throw | 3----.---- -.+-ssseseeseeees aw) 2S water, the other sprinklers would be cooled |4°*"*"*****"*s*steeerrreee| 2 45 tees and thereby prevented from working. | Times of operation. Position on plan Link of | | bismuth Grinnell | Parmelee | solder. sprinkler. sprinkler. M. 8. | M. 8. M. 8S. Boos cvcges | ee 34% 1 27 | 4 2 Gusc odbceel «+ 37% z 30 - Bacccccece | ee 390% z 52 Groecccene eo 43 x 56 | Seorcccece I 3 2 20 | RAE tom 2 25 | The shavings were lighted at the further end, and when the fire had burned about 4 feet along the pile of shavings all the Grin- nell sprinklers had opened ; but everybody | the time of each co was driven from the room by the heat before | Several persons were in the room watch- ing the fire, and before they suspected that | oughly. Fourth Trial,—As these fires were smaller than those usually used at such exhibitions, some expressed a desire to see a “‘ hot fire ;” and accordingly four barrels of shavings | were thrown up in a pile about 3% feet |high in the middle of the room. Water | was let upon the Grinnell sprinklers, and the | pile lighted in several places near the floor. These four heads opened in three seconds | after the first one opened, so rapidly that not be taken. After the fire was extinguished, it was the Parmelee sprinkler opeped and put out | found that less than a bushel of shavings had bho tire, been burned, and that the operation of the ‘this apparatus. But there seems to be no | reason why their use should not be extended |} to all industrial establishments and many | warehouses, as it has proved to be a guard /to property, requiring neither presence of mind nor vigorous action to perform its duty | in time of danger. —————————————— EE Wrought Iron Driving Wheels. Some of the English shops which have made a decided specialty of wrought-iron | wheels for locomotives, have reduced the | process of making them to a very perfect | it was warm enough to melt the solder, the| system. They employ for the first forming | sprinkler opened, wetting some of them thor- | of the parts of the wheel the usual drop-forg- } ing method of working, so that when the welding required in closing up the wheel as a whole is reached, it is found to be the very least possible in amount, and of the plainest kind, The arms are formed in dies, which give to the inner end of each piece a wedge- shaped outline, of such a taper that these several pieces, when laid snugly together, shall form a compact mass around the eye, or cen- | to the corresponding piece on the next arm. Each end of this block, thus put in a T shape to form the rim of the wheel, is searfed down so that in finishing the rim a V piece can be welded in on each side, thus joining the T ends of the arms, and making a complete | circle. When the pieces have been made ready they are laid on a suitable bench-block and closely drawn together with a band around the outside of the rim, Thus, in a rough way, the whole outline of the wheel is com- plete before any of the parts are actually welded to each other. A thick circular plate is then laid on the inner ends of the arms, to serve as the boss on the face of the wheel, aud a heat is taken on the whole central mass. <A few blows under a suitable ham- mer then weld the whole hub, one piece to another, and, if the shape of the wheel re- quires it, a second plate or boss is also welded on the other side of the hub. A heat is then source was imperative and sufficient to tax|taken on the parts of the rim between each wot arms, and the Y pieces referred to are welded in solid, one at a time. If the wheel requires an eye or boss for a crank-pin, as nearly all these locomotive wheels do, then the arms which must pass through this boss are formed with thickened places on them, so as to fill up the outline of the crank-boss solid, and the facing plate or piece which is to form the front of the hub, is made of an oval shape, so that it may cover the whole area of the central boss and the crank-pin eye besides. The wedge-shape enlargement of each arm is carefully worked up to the outline needed for strength and neatness, at the inner end where the arms touch each other, so that in the welding of the central body of the wheel the fillet outline is left so true and per- fect as to need little or no cold-finishing afterward. The joining of each arm and its own piece of the rim, being made in a ham- mer die, is quite perfect after the few blows of the hammer have been given, and it usu- ally receives no further attention except the painting. Care is obviously needed in heat- lag and in welding the center of the wheel, and in keeping the rim true to the circle, so that the turning off of the outside shall leave a uniform thickness at the rim. In some cases the inside of the rim between the spokes has been tool-finished on a'slotting machine, cutting to a vertical curved outline, thus leaving the rim thicker in the middle of its width than at the edges, but the expense of this kind of finishing is rarely incurred. Comparisons are sometimes made between the skillfulness of English workmen who do thisclass of work and their American fellow- blacksmiths, somewhat to the disadvantage of the latter, but there can be no reasonable doubt that when a real call exists for such wrought-iron wheels in this part of the world, there will be plenty of places where they can be had. It now looks as though the first substitute for the American cast-iron driving wheel would be a solid steel casting, which shall be made ready for the tire with less work than is now needed, and which shall be even lighter than the solid wrought wheel itself. SSS ee English Manufacturers in the Colonies. A letter from the Bay of Bengal, under date of April 2, which appeared in a recent number of the London ‘imes, so admirably expresses the difference between the Ameri- can and English manufacturers, and withal from a source whose predilections at least are against this country, that we quote a por- tion : **That English trade is losing its position of undisputed supremacy in the world is ap- parently true, and it is equally true that English manufacturers are willfully blind to the true causes thereof. Colonists of all grades, from Canada to Tasmania, English- men to the backbore, tell one monotonous tale of the pig-headedness of the English manufacturer. So sure is he that nobody can beat him that everybody learns to beat him without his knowing it, he being too self-satisfied to learn of anybody. One of the most important branches of trade in the Colonies is agricultural implements, which need constant improvements and adapta- tions. The English maker will not adopt any new idea except under compulsion, while American makers are eager to help out their customers with suggestions of their own, The consequence is, as a New Zealand man told me, year by year the English account grows smaller, and year by year the Ameri- can account grows larger. What is true of agricultural implements is true of everything else, and it is not only the Americaus, but the pushing, clever and well-instructed peo- ple in Germany, Belgium and France that |are invading the provinces of the English manufacturer. All this while you have fatuous outcries against foreign protective tariffs! Foreign protection is entir¢ ly favor- able to English enterprise, if English manu- facturers will but try to realize that the world is not standing still because they choose to bury their heads in the sand.” If an enemy had said this what an out- cry there would have been, but it was in the London Times, — EE = According to a Berlin paper, the German Admiralty are engaged in the construction tral -hole, which is to be left for the axle. | of a new infernal machine, intended to keep The outer end of each arm is upset so that | any enemy’s ships away from German ports, it may be readily welded, in suitable hammer | It is designated by the name of submarine dies, to a flat bar or block, long enough on | torpedo battery, and its eoustrustion is not each side of the arm or wheel-spoke to reach | made known, ee | | f 7 - om i Pom ANSONIA BRASS & COPPER CO., No. 19 OMA St? cet, Phelps Building, NEW ‘YORK. MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS AND COPPER IN Sheets, Bolts, Rods, Wire, &c, Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. Ansonia Corrugated Stove Platforms. PURE COPPER WIRE For Electrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. Phosphor Bronze Rods for Pumps, &c. ANSONIA Yr REFINED INCOT COPPER. PHELPS, DODGE & CO. Mig. Company, MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burs, Waterbury Brass Co. CAPITAL, - - $400,000. Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, CERMAN SILVER, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wires BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, COPPER RIVETS & BURS, BRASS KETTLES, Door Rail, Brass Tags, PERCUSSION CAPS, POWDER FLASES. Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Measures, 4c. And small Brass Wares of every Description. Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. Sole Agents for the Capewell Mfg. Co.’s Line ot Sport- ing Goods. Brass Butt Hinges, Jack Chain, Kerosene Burners, 18 Murray Street, New York. 13 Federal Street, Boston. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. Factories, WATERBURY, Cu. Rolling Miil, THOMASTON, Ct. MANUFACTURERS OF ye DEPOTS: Mills At TIN PLATE, 296 Broadway, New York, WATERBURY, Sheet and Roll Brass, 125 Eddy St., Providence, R. |. Conn. Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing, ROOFING PLATE, Sheet Iron, Copper, Pig Tin Wire, Zine, &c. MANUFACTURERS OF COPPER AND BRASS. NEW YORE. German Silver Metal and Wire, i Copper and Iron Rivets. _ ius Brass te CUSPADORES, j{ LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, 0 ing | S LANTERNS and TRIMMINGS, | KEROSENE BURNERS, Clocks & Fly Fan Movements, } PLUMBERS’ MATERIALS. BRAZIERS’ AND SHEATHING COPPER, ROLLED, SHEET & PLATERS’ BRASS ae GERMAN OR NICKEL SILVER, Be idg ere, Copper Wire for Electrical and otaer purposes, THOS. W. FITCH, jiidiii Rtaee Brass and German Silver Wire, Copper Rivets and Burrs, COPPER BOTTOMS FOR TEA KETTLES AND BOILERS, Cor. Larned & Fourth Sts., Detroit, Mich. NEW YORK AGENCY: UNION HARDWARE CO,, $7 Chambers and 6S Reade Sts. manufacturing Metal Goods. WaREHOUSaR, CLIFF STREET, =» seuovey St., N. ¥. SCOVILL MFC CO BRASS, HINCES, WIRE, GERMAN SILVER. PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS. BUTTONS, CLOTH AND METAL. —_—>-—— ROME IRON WORKS, DEPOTS, FACTORIES, & 421 Broome St., N. Y. — Con Manufecturers of 177 Soe St., Boston ven, . DICKERSON, TAN DUSEN & CO.,| per and German Silver Importers of (in Sheets, Rods, Tubing or Wire), Tin Plate, Pig Tin, Sheet Iron, Cooper,| COPPER & BRASS RIVETS Wire, Zinc, Etc. AND BURS. 29 & 31 CUm St., cor, Fulton, Rome, New York. DICKERSON & CO. Liverposi. NEW YORK. A. C. NORTHROP, Waterbury, Conn., NOVELTIES IN BRASS AND OTHER METAL GOODS FOR HARDWARHRE TRADE. Brass hine Screws; Turned, He Round and Square Head Cap and a Wrongs ron ont ros rane MPG: and Jock Chain; Gilt, Nickel Plated and Brouse Trimmings of ail Steel or Brass. Kinds. from Sheet Iron. St articles, or any description of Sheet Metal work, respectfully solicited and MO. sT. LOUIS, WATERBURY, CONN. NEW YORK, BOSTON, 49 Chambers St. Manufacturers of all kinds of Brass, Copper & German Silver, ROLLED AND IN SHEETS. Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs. BRASS & IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. promptly given. WOKKS R Oo E B Li " G ___ New York Office German Silver Spoons, at = ) - SILVER PLATED FORKS & SPOONS, TRENTON, Warehouse, Kerosene Burners, &c. THE JOHN A. ROEBLING'S SONS CO, WIRE ROPE Iron and Steel ar WIRE lron, Steel and Copper, Agents for Brooklyn Brass & Copper Co., Dealers in Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Antimony, Solder & Old Metals. 100 ___—-300 John Street, New tek, = PASSAIC ZINC CO. Manufacturers of Pure Spelter FOR Telegraph Wire, Market Wire, Vineyard Wire. Hoisting Purposes of all kinds, for Ferries, Stays, Ship Rigging, Sash Cords, Lightning Rods, &c., &c. Suspension Bridge Cables. GALVANIZED WIRE CLOTHES LINES. Market Wire, Fence Wire, Bridge Wire, Chain Wire, Buckle Wire, Spring Wire, Rivet Wire, &c., &e. AND ALL FINE WORK, Also for Galvanizers & Brass Founders, MANNING & SQUIER, Gen'l Agents, 113 Liberty Street, N. ¥. BRODERICK & BASCOM ROPE (CO., MANUFACTURERS OF WIRE ROPE HOLYOKE, MASS., MANUFACTURERS OF BRODERICK& BASCOM ROPE Co. IRON WIRE ROPE, STEEL WIRE ROPE, 728 N. Main St., St. Louis, Mo. WORCESTER wiae co. lated. Also GUN SCREW WIRE Manufacturers of Of all sizes straightened and cut to order. IRON AND STEEL IR For all Purposes. WORCESTER, MASS. Map uhetinne and thi Staples, — ng aS ORL.” ire ben LRON AGE, ThePiume & Atwood Lamp Trimmings, &c./F Bridgeport Brass Co., Particular attention paid to rutting out Blanks ana A. A. LASAP, Secy. Holmes, Booth & Haydens, 18 Federal St. BRASS & COPPER WIRE, JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Tin, Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes Geo. W. Prentiss & Co.. Bri mt, Coppored, "Annealed and Tin BROWNING, SISUM & €O., 85 Chambers St., Belt Hooks, Cotters, Sprite sere, B D Rings, June 22, 1889, PHILIP L MOEN, President and Treasurer. CHAS. F. WASHBURN, Vice Prentéelts & Seerete wisi é MOEN ANF AE TURIN 00, Established 1831. 7 OROCESTE ae — sooner’ Copper Electrical Wire, Pins, Ee ANUFAOTURBERS OF IRON and ‘STEE. WIRE, Patent Steel Barb. Fencing, Patent Steel Wire Bale Ties. WIRE RODS of all Grades; Round Iron, Rivet qualit oe in to 44 In., cut to an h. O sive Operators of the PATENT CONTINUOUS 8 ko t Lin xe tt iy producti frén and Stool Wing colls of 100 pounds, without sam or D Fash, Wir Bolt Serew and Stone Wine It , Rivet, Buck] Wire. Wire for the manufacture ae he Ge Wire Tinned Broom Wire and Tinned-piated Wire of all sizes, A specialty is nade ede, lock, 4 overing pa Spiral Spring Wire, and Refined ¥ ire to Pattern for a city in from Gloek, Machinery, Tee mand Any e of wae. furnished, Annealed, Bright, Polished, Coppered¢, alvanized or Tin Plated. Wire furnished, Straigntened and Cut to any length. Steel Crineline Wire, Patent Linen finish, Un =e Steel Musi Wire. Steel Wire for Springs, Needles and. Drills. Market Stee] Wire kept in stock, aft sines wale New York, 16 Cliff, and. 241 Pearl Sts. Chicago, 107 and 109 Lake St. “NATIONAL WIRE AND LANTERN WORKS.” Warehouse, 45 Fulton Street, New York, And California Wire Works Co., San Francisco, Cal. Manufactory, Nos, 1197, 1199, 1201, 1203, 1205, 1207, 1209 and r21r De Kalb Avenue, Brooklyn, N, Y. HOWARD & MORSE, BRASS, COPPER & IRO IRON WIRE CLOTH. MEY Mh oy ii a te Galvanized Arbor or ‘ence, Guards Summer House, or by No. 9. \ aa ae COAL AND SAND SCREEN Ss. ron an teel Locomotive Spark Wire Cloth, Wire Cloth for Sugar, Milk and Rosin Strainers, Dutch Wire Cloth, Square Wire Smut Cloth, Wire Bolting Cloth, Heavy Rolled Cloth for Malt Kiln Floors, Wire Work, Wire Fence, Ralling and Guards, Also, Hand and Railroad Lanterns, ABRAM 8. HEWITT, Fresident. JAMES HALL, Treasurer WM. HEWITT, Vice President. E. HANSON, Secretary. TRENTON IRON COMPANY, (INCORPORATED 1847), TRENTON, N. J., Manufacturers of IRONand STEEL WIRE OF ALL GRADES, BRIGHT, ANNEALED, COPPERED, TINNED AND GALVANIZED. Iron and Steel Wire Rods; EXTRA QUALITIES OF BAR IRON AND RODS. Best Qualities of Gun-Screw and Charcoal Iron ‘Wire; Crucible, Siemens-Martin and Bessemer Steel Wire. Wire Straightened and Cut to Lengths, New York Office, COOPER, HEWITT & CO., 17 Burli t.. ; Philadelphia Office, JOHN HEWITT, Agent, 21 North h St. IRON AND STEEL WIRE ROPE For Hoisting, Running & Standing Ropes, Ferries, &€ CONSTANTLY KEPT ON HAND. Address: HAZARD MFG. CO., Wilkesbarre, Luzerne Co., Pa. FELTEN & GUILLEAUME, Carlswerk, near Cologne, Germany. PATENT CRUCIBLE STEEL WIRE, For Mining and Plow Ropes, Hawsers and Bridge Cables. SIEMENS-MARTIN AND BESSEMER STEEL WIRE, Flusseisen, Swedish and German Charcoal Wire. GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH WIRE of Charceal and Swedish Iron and Steel, also with high conductivity, and in long lengths. GALVANIZED STEEL WIRE, For Plain, Barb and Strand Fencing, 3, qene ply Svan, Staples, &c. Annealed and Oiled Fencing , To le WIRE ROPE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, TELEGRAPH CABLES. Contractors to the German and Focsap governments. The ocltes | house in the braneh en the Con tinent. Velegraph Address, CAKLSW ERK, COL General agente for U. 8. and Canada, PERKINS & CHOATE, 23 Nassau St, N. Y. A. LESCHEN cc SON, = o Manufacturers of = = es ee £- Bo pe , mons — : rE ee ax — = foe 5 eS = wc a — a) / , | r 2 = 2s .= z = i i OF EVERY DESCHRIPTION. 9)9 to 083 N. Main St., SZ. LOUIS, MO, Correspondence invited. Ca BERG Superior nd wear BER E. A. FI CALVI Pre ILL OO Se Gee — ~ sloth, rns. |E, 2E, RE hs. Feacivg the Con N.Y. ee ‘SoUlM | 'Suiyoeg dwoy 5 : June 22, 1882. THEH TRON AGH. CARY c& MOEN, aT An interesting lecture on the dangerous r STEEL WIRE for allvurposes and STEEL SPRINGS of every description. properties of dusts was recently delivered at & C0., oem ey are ee ae or x the Royal Institution, London, by Professor Manufacturers of all kinds of Dangerous Properties of Dusts., BD stract of the same given in the Journal of the Society of Arts. The liability to the development of fire or of heat sufficient to char or inflame portions of flour by the stcppage of the feed of grain, appears from all accounts to be extremely difficult to guard against, and to have been the cause of many serious calamities. It appears to be the opinion of experienced men in the trade that, although special attention to the feed ar-| rangements may reduce the number of ex- plosions, this cause of accident is almost im- possible to guard against ; while on the other | hand, many fires or explosions ascribed to Japanned, Brass & Tin Plated BIRD CAGES. ’ Catalogues furnished to the trade. 254 Pearl St., NEW YORK. TLL AALS SAS SAIS VOU ML LEALELLEAAALAALLLALLEL gaee Market Steel Wire. Crinoline Wire, tempered and covered. Also Patent Tempered Steel Furniture Springs, constantly on hand. it, have been due to the employment of naked | 934, 236 and 238 West Both Street, - - - - - NEW YORK. | lights in mills near localities where the air is ; ane eee eg SEM 5A LT aA ER ans laden with flour dust. Considering that flour and rice mill owners have to bear the \LRON and BRASS RIVETS, burden of very heavy rates of insurance, it STUDS, PINS, &c., For Manufacturers of Light Hardware. | POWER PRESSES, RIVET MACHINES, | Special Machinery to Order. BLAEE & JOHNSON, WATERBURY, CONN. POPE, COLE & Co. BALTIMORE COPPER WORKS, No. 57 South Gay St., BALTIMORE, MD., Have always on hand and for sale INGOT COPPER, Also Cakes, of unequaled purity and toughness. G. Gunther, Manufacturer of Patented Brass, Sliver Piated and Japanned BIRD CAGES. Can be nested for ex- port shipments, 46 Park Place, Pa NEW YORK. an Largest variety in patterns and unsurpassed in low prices. New Illustrated Catalogues and Price Lists on application, SOLOER JOINTa Some styles of Southern Plow Shapes made by Gautier Steel Department, JOHNSTOWN, PA. Send for full illustrated list containing the entire line of Southern and Western Shapes. Tests of Automatic Sprinklers.—Fig. 3.—The. Parmelee Sprinkler. is to their interests, independently of their | responsibilities as the guardians of the lives | of their workman, to adopt most stringent regulations and efficient precautionary meas- | ures for abolishing this source of danger, | and to devote their energies to the applica- tion of improved arrangements for reducing | the quantity of dust which passes away from | the millstones, and from other parts of a | flour mill. The important part played by coal dust, which exists in greater or less | abundance in all coal mines, in aggravating and extending the injurious effects of fire- damp explosions, was originally pointed out early in 1845 by Faraday and Lyell, when they reported the result of their inquiry into an explosion which occurred at Haswell Col- | leries, England, in September, 1844. Ten years after the publication of Faraday and Lyell’s report, M. de Souich, an eminent ! Ti. SSS =n SASS } Uy ee eT ti No. 11. FOUNDRYMEN’S METALLIC Pattern Letters and Figures, To put on patterns of castings. All sizes. Re- duced prices. Mnfd. by 4. W. Knight Sanaca Falls, N.Y THOMPSON'S PATENT FOR Wet Pulverization of Rocks, Ores, Rolling Mill Fix AND OTHER MATERIAL, EITHER COARSE OR TO AN IMPALPABLE POWDER, STEPHEN P. M. TASKER, SOLE MANUFACTURER, Care of MORRIS, TASKER & CO., Limited, PHILADELPHIA, U. S. A. Centrifugal force applied to a rolling ball for the purpose of pulverizing. Tested thoroughly and guaranteed to yield a greater product of pulverized matwrial of equal fineness in a given time with less wear, less power, less first cost and less cost for repairs than stamps or any other pulverizer. Fig. 4.—Side View and Secti French mining engineer, published as orig: | inal some very similar observations made by him on examining the effects of a coal-mine | explosion. He noticed, moreover, that men | near the pit’s mouth had received burns, while others who were in the workings near | the seat of the explosion, but out of the main air current escaped unhurt, and he ascribed this to the action of coal dust in carrying | flame along the principal airway. Later on, de Souich extended his inquiries into the | part played by coal dust in explosions, and the subject was afterward pursued, from time to time, in France, by Verpilleux and other authorities in mining engineering, and especially by M. Vital, in 1875, when an ex- plosion occurred at Compagnac, the destruc- = ———— tive effects of which appeared to him, in a INCORPORATED 1876, | great measure, ascribable to coal dust. Vital made experiments upon a very small scale, for the purpose of ascertaining J. A. EMERICK, HOWARD EVANS. Bergen Port Spelter. MINES : WORKS & FURNACES, Lehigh Valley, Pa. Bergen Port, N. J. The only Miners and Manufacturers of PURE LEHICH SPELTER From Lehigh Ore. Especially adapted for Cartridge Metal and German Silver. Also manufacturers of BERGEN PORT OXIDE ZINC. iperior for Liquip Part on account of its body id wearing properties. BERCEN PORT ZINC CO. E. A. FISHER, Agent, 13 Burling Slip, N. Y. whether flame, such as that projected into Cae a Wy ate rb Ul r Nit C the air of a mine by the firing of a charge of CALVIN WELLS, A. MEANS, y g. oO “9 powder into a very strong blast hole, was in- creased in size by the presence of suspended WATERBURY, CONN. MOLDERS’ TOOLS, FOUNDRY FACINC, MOLDING SAND, FOUNDRY SUPPLIES, | J.A. EMERICK & CO.. 1056 to 1076 Beach St., PHILADELPHIA. ESTABLISHED 1837. H. 8, Cuass, Sec'y. C. F. Popz, Treas. coal dust, and soon afterward Mr. W. Gallo- way commenced a series of experiments of similar nature, but upon a larger scale, r which he has continued from time to time up eA S555 oods to the present date; while Messrs. Marreco gs | and Morison, in connection with the North of England Institute of Mining agmaaie, ane a committee of the Chesterfield and Derby SH é ET Zi N C, MENDEN & SCHWERTE IRON AND STEEL WIRE WORKS, Institute of Engineers, have also contributed AT SCHWERTE, WESTPHALIA, GERMANY. valuable experimental data bearing upon the influence exerted by coal dust, not PERU, ILLINOIS. The largest Wire Works in'the world. Make, on 12 trains, STEEL AND IRON WIRE . ee ee oe eee : dimensions down to No. 8 and 9, Stubs gauge. Also, FINE IRON, HOOP IRON, BAR | Be of | merely in increasing the magnitude of énsions and qualities, SOLE AGENTS FOR THE UNITED STATES; of mixtures of fire-damp and air, but also in propagating, or even actually WOLTMAN & MICHKERTS, sTI. LOUIS, MO. developing, explosions, when only small a President. Manager. ILLINOIS ZINC CO., MANUFACTURERS OF explosions resulting from the ignition E. A. FISHER, ° ® - Agent, 13 Burling Slip, New Forks Abel, and we quote as follows from an ab- | 3 quantities of fire-damp are present in thi ; air of a mine, or where fire-damp is believed to be entirely absent. The conclusion to which Mr. Galloway was led by his earlier experiments was to the effect that coal dust, when thickly suspended in air, had not the power to originate an explosion, or to carry on to any distance the flame trom a blown- out shot, but that the presence in the air of such small quantities of fire-damp (2 per cent. and under) as an experienced miner would fail to detect by means of his Davy lamp, with which the gas is generally searched for, would impart to a mixture of coal dust and air the property of burning and carrying flame. He stated at the same time that a tire-damp explosion in one part of a mine might be propagated to some ex tent by coal dust raised by the effects of the explosion in parts of the mine where no fire damp existed, It was held by others that the results of certain experiments made in the entire absence of coal dust, by firing shots in air traveling at some considerable velocity, and containing coal dust thickly suspended in it, warranted the conclusion that coal dust also might, under certain con ditions, originate an explosion as well as carry it on to some considerable extent. rhe results of experiments conducted with great care and on an extensive seale at a colliery in Lancashire, England, where a constant supply of fire-damp was brought to the pit’s mouth from a so-called blower, con firmed the fact demonstrated by M. Vital and Mr. Galloway, that the propagation of fire by coal dust, when thickly suspended in air, is established or greatly promoted by the existence, in the air, of a proportion of fire-damp, which may be so small as to escape detection by the means ordinarily employed (such, for example, as exists in the | return-air of a well-ventilated mine). It was also established that a mixture of | fire-damp and air approaching in proportions those required to be explosive, would be | ignited by a flame if only a small proportion of dust were floating in. Further, it was demonstrated that, although those dusts which were richest in inflammable matter, and most finely divided, were the most prone to inflame and to carry flame, in the presence of small quantities of fire-damp, some dusts which contain coal only in comparatively small proportions were as sensitive as others much richer in inflammable matter, and that even perfectly non-combustible dusts pos- sessed the property of establishing the igni- tion of air and gas mixtures which, in the absence of dust, were not ignited by a naked flame. The action of non-combustible dusts appeared to be due to physical peculiarities of the finely divided matter, and to be per- haps analogous to the contact action so well known to be possessed by platinum and some other bodies, whereby these bring about the |rapid oxidation of gases which, in their absence, may exist intact in admixture with oxygen or air. Although it may be very doubtful whether coal dust, in the complete | absence of fire damp, can be credited with |the production of extensive explosions, as has been recently maintained by some, there can be no question that, in the presence of only very small quantities of fire-damp, it may establish and propagate violent explo- sions; and that, in the case of a fire-damp on of the Grinnell Sprinkler, explosion, the dust not only in most ir stances greatly aggravates the burning action and increases the amount of firs damp, but that it may also, by being |raised and swept along by the blast of an explosion, carry the fire into work- ings where no fire-damp exists, and thus add considerably to the magnitude of the disaster. The supposition that exten sive coal-mine explosions may be produced by coal dust alone, in the complete absence of gas, necessitates the fulfillment of condi- tions which cannot be, at any rate, very exceptional, but its acceptance is unneces sary to add to the formidable character of coal dust as an agent of destruction in mines. The possibility of dealing with tl dangerous dust in mines should, therefore, be as much an object of earnest work as has been the improvement of ventilating ar- rangements in mines. The actual removal |of dust accumulations being in most i stances impracticable, the laying of t by an efficient system of watering the mine- ways is a matter deserving serious attention, Although in some instances such a measure is not readily applicable without injury to the workings, it has been already proved in some instances to be un »bjectionab] und susceptible of very beneficial application, The employment of deliquescent substances (calcium chloride, sea salt, &c.) in c njun tion with watering has also been advocated > and tried to some extent with success. a The practical use of tho telephone in coal mines is now being demonstrated in Great Britain, and it is expected that the adoption of the system will yield results desirable in | many respects, a ee oi PS he SE ae ee re ee eee = : ; I f A THE IRON AGE. June 22,"1889, OGDEN & WALLACE,|4. B. Warner & Son,/ OXFORD IRON CO..|W p, WOOD & 00S 85, 87,89 & ¥1 Elm St., New eam.” IRON MERGHANTS, (B. G. CLARKE, > fron and Steel 25 & 29 west and 52 Washineton Sts C ut N ail ‘| © Of every aesenpace Kes sock | IRON & STEEL BOILER PLATE. SPIK' KES. Agents for Park Brother & Co.'s BOILER TUBES, J. 8. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, PATENT BLACK DIAMOND STEEL. 1 env zonn. | Planished Sheet Iron. AS lq, : v { g SHOW SHOES ROADSTER F PATTERN. 4)) sizes of Cast and Machinery Steel constantly | Angle, Toe and Girder Iron, om Land, Boiler and Tank Rivets. Sole Agents for the celebratea LUKENS, PENNOCKS, PIERSON & C0 * WAWASSET,” ** EUREKA.” y prandas of Iron. Alsoal: descriptions of Piave, Sheet, / and Gasometer Iron. Special attention to Locomotive Established 1790, aron. Fire Box Iron a specialty. 24 & 26 Broadway, 77 & 79 New St. | ROME MERCHANT. IRON MILLS, NEW YORK CITY. ‘unimmuaae aan eal of Bar tron, Bands and Fine Hoops. Half Ovals, Half Rounds yy and oo. Also from Charcoal Pig a aoe Bernt te ae branded J.G. Al) puddiled ba | es sigre nee Orders may be sent to the pref _ our Agent, at 59 Joh fully equal in all respecte to the 98 William Street, New Yo IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, Extra Quality Homogeneous Stee! Anthracite & Charcoal Pig Irons, | Cen Wrought Scrap, Cut Nails, Copper, BLOCK TIN, LEAD, SPELTER, AN SATEEN, HERE, Se NICKEL, &c. “FOR SAL = BOI LE R p LATE "| HARRISON& GILLOON Mm E TAL DEALERS) sree prares, an dcccriptions, a * iow ers n the Large cities throughout ' ' All Sizes and Shapes kept in Stock. FON & FOX & DRUMMOND, IRON AND METAL DEALERG, | TED STATES, |i! Pe ee oot — ABEEL BROS. NEW YORK, And at their Office, : P Mia i 190 South St, 365 Water St nace ua sana er fro eR ana TM Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA. | SHOENBERGER & CO., *'*e.tr=™ aa Be <a * IRON, Wrought iron j.nlee of old Copper, Composition, Brass, Cc. ANE, KEYSTONE ROLLING MILL, Limited. ALLENTOWN TIN PLATES, BURDEN’S OLD RAILS, SCRAP IRON, STEEL, Manufacturers of PIC IRON, BLOOMS IR IAT SHAFTING. AND AND ORE. Settiatiinin ai set ““ CATASAUQUA”’ PITTSBURGH, PA. sburen, - . yee meraxs, |HORSE SHOES | — fennel Bowtod & Y eEFINED: . =| JOHN E. SWAN & BROS., Ld., Bonnell, Botsford & Co. NORWAY IRON 68 WALL STREET, - NEW YORK. ? J STEEL OF ALL KINDS.|Marshall Lefferts & Co 66 ” IRON MERCHANTS Iron, Nails & Spikes, Se er ee ee lil en 8S Glasgew and Middlesbrough, A. B. WHITNEY & CO.,| 99 toms Bw ed om Beyorters of ll brand of ___XOUNGSTOWN, OnTO. Meantacrarer ot sad Desert mannecnaame oe Scotch & English Pig Iron. MANN & JONES, LER ON Calvanized SheeGtron, lron ee | Mi ot, te Se, ur § ty Pest Bloom, Best Refined and. Common. or man grate | are ee Old Iron Rails, Puddled Bars| GENERAL IRON BROKERS 2 x Gee ony : : AND MANUFACTURED IRON. ___And Commission Merchants, wheats for, Guest Foe | CORRUGATED SHEET IRON Boiler Rivets, | merectene ton _ W. S. MIDDLETON, SRS mm Broker in Machinery & Iron Ow For Roofing, &c., Galvanized, Plain or Painted. ’s| Best Charcoal, Best Refined and Common Tube Works, Boiler Flues. A. M. Byers & ‘. Hrgueht iron Pipe LF. Nall Co. Wir SHEET IRON. The Burden Iron Company | (¥ oops, Bands. &c. Samson Iron Works, wie y, . FORSTER’S CRUSHER & PULVER IZER, Plate and Tank Iron, ; () { ) A | S The best in market. wenn tat oy a Ft, nn © No. 1,0 H No. 1, © H No, 1 Flange, Best Flange, Troy N.Y, ¥ 4 ‘ aa |W. MIDDLETON 62 John St., N. ee : DESPARD BROTHERS, ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF HE mt — Pg teeny eee, New York, Iron Work Galvanized or Tinned to Order. U L gS T Ee my For Bars, Plates, Sheets & Rods| 0 wat s¢., New York. P.O. os Price list and quotations sent upon application. of Double Extra Quality Iron. Importers of _—_—_[——$—$—$————————————————————— AND NONE BUT CHOICEST MATERIAL USED. BORDEN & LOVELL, JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO., BURDEN’S Address, New and Old Rails, Steel Blooms, SCOTCH AND AMERICAN H. B. & $. Bar bron.) mere comm | emt JE PIG IRON Aioo Best Grates of SUP & CO., [n,m HUGLUND'S SONS & CO,, Stockholm ? ‘American & English Refined Iron. Railay y Supplies and Equipment. |e Wodich 8 Norway a No. 69 Wall St., New York. aR tem enh epee: heen NASHUA IRON AND STEEL CO.,| of every description. stock om hand’ at Boston ke New York and Phitadelphi: Importation orders 8 ULSTER IRON WORKS, ‘oer EGLES TON BROS, & CO e, STEEL Bolte RTE is Snore GUSTAF LUNDBERG, 38 Kilby st., Borton 90 Broadway, New York. Commission Merchants 70 & 71 West St., Wey ester — New Yerk. Agents for the sale of Fall River tron Co.’s Nails, Bands, Hoops & Rods. AND }66 South St} NEW YORK CITY, ‘RON. AND STEEL LOCOMOTIVE FORGINGS. | mASPERT,£OTTS Phlladetphia Agent, sy & 235 ¥ ain GLENGARNOCK AND CARNBROE SCOTCH PIG IRON. VOUGHT & WILLIAMS, For spot delivery and for prompt or forward shipments to New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Borden Mining Company’s i Cumberland Coals. Tuckerman, Mulligan & Co 288 Ss Baltimore or New Orleans. For sale in lots to suit by a ee ee ’ JAMES LEE & CO., Sole Agents for the United States. Dealers in WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., | ASS Meee ser Yeisen, BAR IRON AND STEEL eee ORE __ 101 mix stret, poston, mass IRON MERCHANTS Nos, 21, 23, 25 o7 West Lake &t., Chicago, Il. . . ’ LERCH BU RG TRON WORAS. IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATE, Tire, Spring, Toe Calk, KIREKP >A TRICK _& CO Oor, Albany & Washington Sts, ra Lap- Welded Boiler Tubes. bc. &c ctates, | MACHINERY AND TOOL STEEL. FINE SrimnE 7 “x : ; SGostesville fron co. The Laurel Rolling A RO rr TE OT ran | i od ae? Weselt timvtaams [ALL BRANDS, OF HORSE NAS.) “tet co tet or Ss tv ny Soin Ses ora mt Bellows, Anvils, Vises, Blowers, Tire Benders, | OF FIOB, No, 143 First Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. WORKS, TLeechburg, Pe. a ae en CHARLES HUBBARD, DANIEL W. RICHARDS & CO.,, Upre ** Sheridan” & * Leesport’”? Brands Pig Iron, FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC SCRAP IRON RAILS STEEL AND METALS. B. FF. JOUDSON, WHITE IRON (Anthracite & Bessemer) Stock for Making Strong Castings. P y o os te . aioed Importer of and Dealer in “CHARCOAL” PIG IRON “MAIDEN CREEK” and “GARRICK” BRANDS. 2. - ey SCOTCH AND AMERICAN FAVORITE BRANDS OF SCOTCH PIG, IN STOCK AND TO ARRIVE. eS Se oe S Se, Pi s Iron ‘ ___Old Car Wheels, Best Brands. 46 CUs Street, New York City. _ PASSAIC ROLLING MILL WA7 . ufaoture and bave NG MIL CO,, Wrought & Cast Scrap ron, TAMES AND FURNACE EtOCss, OLD METALS. |SCOTCH AND AMERICAN PIG IRON. ANUFACTURERS’ AGENT OF ROLLED IRON BEAMS, Channels, Angles, Tees, Merchant Bars, Riveted Work, Forg- ings, Bye aaa sind ie. i 483 € $33 Soacn sc; *} NEW YORK. Bar Iron, Car Wheels, Axles, Ralls and Railroad Supplies. ER a . . SOLE A NT Room 45, Astor House, New York. = . —<~_! —________“"|Manhattan Rolling Mill; WHITAKER. IRON COMPANY, panegenes SHEET TRON, TANK AND FIRE BED C U i iw A i L S J. LEONARD, 3@ DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO. ; 3 Joux J. SPOWERS, President, LEXANDER BURNS, Manag 445 to 451 West St, 177 & 179 Bank St., THE JERSEY CITY GALVANIZING € CO., NEW YORKG, eee CALVANIZED MATERIAL | OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. LVANIZING IN ALL ITS BRANC H 0 R S E S H 0 E | R 0 N, Galvanized Sheet adnan ot Best Peg Comenge. at nae. Square Band and mn, &c., &c. Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &c, DOVER IRON CO. Toe Calk Steel, Rods, Ovals, Half Ovals and Flats. BOILER RIVETS, eee ae Ai Ganges . DANIEL F. COONE of Corrugation ond Boiler Brace Jaws, Socket Bolts, &c. Cate Cees i Molgnne _ trom Bises BOILER PLATES & SHEET IRON, of Sheets. WELOED HOILER FLUE 1 to 5 inches. Boller itive ets, Angle & T Iron, Cut Nails & “Spikes. pot Co., Jos. L. Bail & © agency | for eleeger a Ling Mille’ Chester | C rrugated Sheet Iron @ Specialty, Galvanized, Black and Pai ated. ‘Tron Corrugated for the Trad& ‘Estima: ves furn. ished on applicatio eer Secon Ai ant & Rens. ifon & Steel ‘o's brates 20 Baia ilvets Homogeneous Bteel, Bellet | worKs , GREEN AND BAY STREETS, JERSEY CITY, Nk OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE: 96 JOHN STREET NEW YORK FULLER BROTHERS & CO. 139 Greenwich Street, New York, JOHN W. QUINCY & C0., tormimoconinie tie |STEEL TOE CALKS. . OMice, | ooh eet gh ’ — ed. N. Y. ms, — cholm. ron Boston, rders & sorton ; 236 N. ——_- ON. hia, Se TASS. —— —— Oey >N. und and ges ets. 9 Trade rw YORK Jone 29, 1862. Siemens’ Regenerative GAS FURNACE. RICHMOND & POTTS, 119 8. Fourth St. PHILADELPHIA, PA. HENRY LEVIS & CO., For Iron and Steel Sheet Iron General Railway Old Rails, Axles, oan Wheels bought and sold. 234 8. 4th 8t., Philadelphia. The Cambria Iron and Steel Works, Having enjoyed for over TWENTY-FIVE YEARS the reputation of producing the best quality of RAILS, have now an annual capacity of 230,000 Tons of Iron and Steel Rails, Splice Bars, &c. ADDRESS, CAMBRIA IRON COMPANY, No. 218 South 4th Street, Philadelphia. Or at the Works, JOHNSTOWN, PA. Or LENOX SMITH, New York Selling Agent, 46 Pine St., N. Y¥. THE PHCENIX IRON CO., 410 Walnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. WROUCHT IRON ROOF TRUSSES, CIRDERS & b JOISTS, and all kinds of Iron Framing used in the eonstraction of Fire Proof Buil PATENT WROUGHT IRON COLUMNS, WELDLESS EYE BARS, and built up shapes for Iron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and every variety of SHAPE IRON made to order. Plans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. NEW YORK AGENTS, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty Street. BOSTON AGENTS, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ALAN WOOD & CoO., MANUFACTURERS OF Patent Planished, Galvanized, Common, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charcoal Bloom PLATE c& SHEEHT IRON. No. 519 Arch 8St., Philadelphia, Pa. Orders solicited neo for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water pee Smoke Stack, te 4 ) _____1_t__1_,_ oe and Boat Iron tamping, Ferruie, Locomotive Headlight and Jacket I Kensington Iron, Steel & Nail Works, 920 North Delaware Ave., - PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of the ~~ PENCOYD IRON ENCOYD IRON WORKS ### ™% Pa. & P. ROBERTS & CO., 1. ®, CAR AXLES. fl BAR, ANGLE, TEE AND CHANNEL IRON. Office, No, 265 S$. Fourth St., Philadelphia, J. W. PASZSON cK CO., MOULDING SAND, 1021 North Delaware Avenue, PHILADELPHIA, PA., MANUFACTURERS X MINERAL, CHARCOAL FACING, LFAD FACT Xx MIN RAL, ANTHRACITE FACING, Sar aHOVELS, IXL L_ FACING, SOAPSTONE, TEEL BRUSHES facturers of Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, ¥ Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn Tables. General Office, 237 South Third St., Philadelphia. Works at Allentown, Pa. JAMES C, BOOTH. THOMAS H. GARRETT. ANDREW A. BLAIR. BOOTH, CARRETT & BLAIR, Analytical and Consulting Chemists, 919 and 921 Chant St. (10th St. above Chestnut St.), PHILADELPHIA. PA. Established in 1836. Analyses of Ores, Waters, Metals and Alloys of all kinds. A special department for the ANALYSIS OF IRON AND STEEL, fitted with all the apparatus and appliances for the rapid and accurate analysis of Iron Steel, Iron es, Slags, Facceselien Coals. Clavs, Fure Sands &c. Agents for sampling ores in New York and ha timore Price lists on application. CHEMICALS AND APPARATUS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ORES, IRON, STEEL, FUEL, FLUXES, FURNACE GASES, &c., Our Specialty. Being direct Importers and Manufacturers we can offer superior inducements, EIMER & AMEND, Nos. 205 to 211 Third Avenue. NEW YORK. Eighteenth Street Station Elevated R. R. lilustrated Catalogue Mailed on Application, Manufacturers’ Agents Car Wheels, Boiler and AEA GR OB JAS. ROWLAND & CO, | a ANVIL BRAND REFINED mae BAR IRON. Also, the James Rowland & Co. Kensington Nails, cut from their Refined Anvil stock. Also, Plow and Cultivator Steel; Skelp Iron a specialty; also Rounds, Squares, Flats, Bands and Hoop Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. Edward J. Htting, TRON BROKER anp COMMISSION MERCHANT, 230 8. Third St., Philadelphia, Pa. Pig, Bar and Railroad Iron. OLD RAILS, SCRAP, &o- Agent for the MOUNT SAVAGE FIRE BRICK, The Allentown Iron Co, and The Coleraine Furnaces. STORAGE