The Iron Age 1881-01-13: Vol 27 Iss 2

The Iron Age A Review of the Hardware, Iron ‘and Metal Trades. Published every Thursday Morning by DAVID WILLIAMS, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. Vol. XXVIII: No. 2. New York, Thursday, January 13, 1881. $2'50 a Year, Including Postage Single Coptes, Ten Cenzs. The Steamer Anthracite and the (of close-topped, gelvenied, ene bel bs 0) . ; tubes, standing vertically from a tube plate, | pressure piston rod, and the air pump, 11} larg» aaa ihe | and having within them smaller tubes open | inches diameter, is worked iy a pets: The great economy of fuel attained in at both ends, and proceeding upward froma | beam off the intermediate cylinder piston modern marine and stationary engines, by | lower tube plate, so that the water from the | rod. The two feed pumps (2 inches diameter) the use of high pressures and compound en- | sea passes up through the central tubes, and | and two bilge pumps (3 inches diameter) are gines, led to attempts to make another step | down the annular spaces to the inlet of the | worked off the crossheads of the circulating in advance by using steam of much higher pressure than hitherto employed. The difli- culties attending these efforts were great, and led to a series of. modi- fieations in the con- struction of the en- gines, &c., which are embodied in Mr. Loftus Perkins’ system, which has been before the pub- lic for some time. Unfa- vorable circumstances prevented the gather- ing of any conclusive evidence es to the effi- UT AULT! MP Se Mites ciency of the Perkins system during a trial trip made by the 8. S. Wanderer, temporarily fitted with the engines. It was not until the Steamer Anthracite, built in Nov., 1878, was subjected t2 two rigor- ous tests that somewhat more definite informa- tion was brought for- ward. On the 29th of May, 1880, the Anthra- cite started from Erith via Falmouth for New York, where she er- rived safely on July 2d, 1880, after touching St. Johns, N. F., on the 21st of June. She had a rough voyage, last- ing 18 days. Her total length is 86 feet 4 inches her beam 16 feet and her depth 10 feet. Her gross tonnage is. 70.26 tons, and her registered tonnage 29.91 tons. Before leaving Eng- land, a trial of the en- gines of the Anthracite were made by Mr. F. J. Bramwell, and when in this country they underwent a second trial conducted by of- ficers of the United States Navy at Brook- lyn. Both these reports are of much inter- | est, and will be referred to at some length further on. The main features of the Perkins high- pressure system may be briefly summed up | as follows: Steam is generated in a boiler | of special construction, fed with distilled water, which is condensed and used over and | over again, a small inevitable waste being | made good by additional amounts of water, either coral along on board or distilled in a special apparatus. Itis stated that during | her trip across the Atlantic only 436 gallons of } water were consumed. The necessity of pre- | venting any contamination of the water con- densed from the exhaust steam, called for | the adoption of some means to avoid lubrica- tion and for surface condensers. An ob- stacle which threatened to become insup- erable was the cutting and scoring of the | cylinders. This was overcome by the use of special devices for the valve arrange-| ments, and by the employment of a compound anti-friction metal for the packing of glands, | &c. The ordinary mode of packing the pis- tions was found unsatisfactory, and to over come it a compound piston was devised. The engines of the Antbracite (see Figs. 1 | and 2) are of the direct-acting inverted type, | with surface condensation. Two cylinders | only are used, but the after cylinder has two | diameters of bore ; the upper (734 inches in | diameter) is the high pressure and receives | the steam from the boiler during the first half of the down stroke; tho lower, the | larger diameter (15 13-16ths inches), is the medium or intermediate, and is supplied at the up-stroke with the steam, which in the high pressure did the work of the preceding down stroke. The stroke is 15 inches. The exhaust from the bottom of the after cylin- der passes into a chamber, from whieh is af- | forded the supply to the low-presayre (the | forward) cylinder (22 13-16ths inches in dia- meter). From this arrangement there is ob- | tained in two ¢ylinders an expansion of thirty- | twotimes. The diameter of the piston rods | (the areas of which must be deducted from | the area of the intermediate piston, and from | that ofthe underside of the low-pressure piston) is 2% inches. The distribution of the steam in the after cylinder is made by three lifting double-beat valves, the upper faces of these valves being, however, divided into two sections. The valve stalks rise and fall by the action of eccentrics, which control the motion of the stalks downward as well as upward, the stalks being loose in close-topped sockets in the valves, so that after the valves are seated the stalks can recede from them. The distribution of the steam to the low-pressure cylinder is made by an ordinary slide valve with an expanison valve on its back ; this latter valve is worked off the prolongation upward of the circulating pump rod. The surface condenser is composed of a number vil HH HH Hy UU ete a eng | nn iN nT iH i | ie MTT Fig. 1.—Front Elevation black, plates of mica secured in frames. The boiler 1s supplied with distilled fresh water. There diameter, is worked by a beam off the low-|/ having the space filled in with vegetable | reports presented of the two trials made, ‘The water gauges, one in the boiler | which cannot, unfortunately, at the present and one in the engine room, are made of flat | time, be supplemented by any accurate dates as to the record during the two | trips of the yacht across the Atlantic and is a still fitted with a coil, and having its | her excursions in American waters. Mr. F, steam pipe in connection with the condenser, J. Bramwell made a test of the engines dur- TTT a “Hl i TOO tt TT Fig. 2.—Side Elevation, THE PERKINS ENGINES OF THE STEAMER ANTHRACITE. ing a run of 12 hours and 3 minutes, taking the time from the start- ing of the engines un- PU til they came to a stand, after 15 cwt. of ‘*Nixon’s navigation” lump coal and 5 pounds of wood had been con- sumed under the boiler. The throttle valve was put into the position which the engineer knew would cause the engines to run at 130 revolutions, and indi- eator diagrams (128 in i1 all) were taken at intervals of half an hour. The mean revolu- tions from 8.30 a. m. to 6.30 p. m., 10 hours, were 130.77 per minute, and from the first start 11 hours 10 minutes, were 130.4 per minute. An experiment was made as to the trans- mission of heat through the boiler casing. This was carried out by plac- in the bulb of a ther- mometer in contact with the top of the cas- ing, the bulb being coy- ered over with cotton waste; the result was that at the end of one hour the thermometer stood at 125° F. From the start at 7.20 a. m. to 6,30 p.m., 11 hours and 10 min- veloped an average gross indicated horse- power of 80.55, but from 6.30 to the time, 7 23 p. m., that the en- gines stopped of them- selves from the fire hav- ing burnt itself out, the power was of course gradually diminishing. circulating pump. It has a condensing sur-; pump and of the air pump. The reversal is, by which the store of water can be distilled | This being so, Mr. Bramwell has calculated face of 422 square feet. The exhaust steam is admitted into the| their covers are heated by steam, circalat- body of the condenser, and comes into con- | ing through wrought-iron pipes cast into the tact with the exterior of the close-topped | thickness of the metal, and are cleaded tubes, the condensed steam being drawn off ' so as to prevent loss of heat. ( £00000000000000 ORE TERRI FoR oR RMR ORM M oho Ro RoR RUXUIKE III XXIII TELL REE eee Loe ee) CRUX EEE III YT) "EI TEITII III ‘Lddeeddddaaeas | ape ee ee ae {SS SS a sas “eg (ee |S a Sgt ee a - : o—' >| ws mT pps AM wat Fig. 3.—Cross Section. effected by a link motion. The cylinders and | over for use. | boiler and seven rings in the fire-box. There are 14 sections in the | the whole work from first to last in foot- The | pounds ; these amount to 1,828,291 ,466 foot- length of the tubes above the fire is 4 feet 7| pounds, equivalent to 923.38 horse-power if s. The internal diameter of the tubes | exerted for one hour, Therefore, the gross 'is 234 inches and the external diameter 3 indicated horse-power developed during the | inches. 1 |p iil | THE PERKINS BOILER OF THE STEAMER ANTHRACITE. by the air pump, and returned to the ot The Perkins boiler (see Figs. 3 and 4) is | well which surrounds the upper part of the condenser. inches. { ne Sue Fig. 4.—Longitudinal Section. The area Of the fire-grate is 1 pressure piston and the upper side of the in-| vals by vertical thimbles. One end of each | from 300 to 500 pounds. termediate piston is in connection with the | tube is chamber which supplies the low-pressure | other bein cylinder, The circulating pump, 11% inches’ is contain in a wrought-iron plate, the | welded u ae olid. Th ; formed of successive horizontal rows of | square feet and the total heating surface 63 The space between the high-| wrought tubes, connected at frequent inter-| squate feet. trial being 923.38 horses, the consumption of fuel was equal to 1.83 pounds of coal per | horse-power per hour, including the coal | used in getting up steam. The loss of ; water for the whole 12 hours was 23% L eptone. Mr. Bramwell reports that the engines worked with ‘‘ the most remarkable smoothness and regularity.” The report made by those conducting the | experiments at the Brooklyn Navy Yard |shows results differing considerably from those just cited. The Anthracite was fast- ened alongside and the engines were kept going for a period of 23 hours 58 minutes. The following are the figures obtained dur- ing this test: . | Pounds of coal consumed per hour per in- dicated horse-power.................. 2.7199 Tot | quantity of Cumberland semi-bitu- | minous coal cousumed, in pounds se 4,400 | Total pounds of refuse in ash and clinker ..... Saar ahaann dads Cheiass 776 Total pounds of combustible consumed... 3,624 | Total pounds of feed water pumped into the Boller.......scces NAR SS FOE 35,114 Total double strokes of the pistons ...... 148,154 Steam pressure in the boiler, in pounds, above the atmosphere... ... on9 Steam pressure in the cylinder, in pounds, above the atmosphere............. 10 54 Throttle wide open (In none of the cylinders was the steam cushioned, nor was there steam or ex- 10.50 _ haust lead.) Vacuum in condenser, in inches of mer CU Vincaee Saicasc aedbhosaus a - 26.75 Back pressure in condenser, in pounds, oT rear & aut 1.6066 Temperature, in degrees Fahr., of feed water secesee . 12 Temporatare. in degrees, of steam in the boiler, saturated s 420.0 Pounds of coal consumed per hour 183.5833 Pounds of coal consumed per hour per ° square foot of grate.... 2 : 11.9867 Mean back pressure against the piston of 3 cylinder, iu pounds.... son 402 Indicated horse-power of ist cylinder 20.4308 a ’ ad ry «sss 7.8290 oe 3d ” -» 39.4483 | Aggregate indicated horse-power for all three cylinders .. Ba Nite a a 67.7081 | Total horse-power developed in three | — cylinders........ téchenéne . Bo. 1525 Pounds of feed water consumed per hour , per indicated horse-power. ... 21.63875 | Pounds of steam condensed in the rst, 2d and 3d cylinders, to furnish the heat transmitted into the total horse-power developed in those cylinders, by the ex panded steam alone ads 167.0720 Pounds of water vaporized from 212° by — one pound of coal ? 9.267% It will be noted that while Mr. Bramwell 5 | arrived at a fuel consumption per indicated 3 | horse power per hour of 1.83 pounds, Chief The boiler pressure ranges | Engineers Loring, Ayers and Magee made it 2.7115. The economic results were there- Such are briefly the main features of the | fore superior in the first trial by 36.88 per : ‘ e whole | engines and boiler of the Anthracite, and we | cent, to those of the second, his is partly in @ wrought-iron double casing, | may now proceed to a consideration of the | due to the different quality of the coal used, to the same time being the mean _ revolutions utes, the engines de- ae — te ae 2 =e ———— a a 25. = Rowe — Miers ao He ten Ge 2 Gies SES GRE ee ee ee OS 3 +> fae ot + Sab e8 7 a ee - ee of} ace ~ ae a. Fa Ss ' x Sek ee = sree i Zi AG. aiw tence - i Py ca a " —— z , 5 | by 4 ris \ ee iis ny i i = Sea = af =. me ead -— i = “2 ; bu ans Pen Ss swe ————e =o > on . < a en —_— ~ : 7s : - t wef oe . eee OE ay <n a ~~ -~ = ~e x= ~~ — IR ren euienaiied 6 IF ae a oe ma >> Te 7 == = hii — Se a 4 aan aS . a —-_ ery fActals, ANSONIA BRASS & COPPER CO., No. 19 Cliff St: set, Phelps Building, NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS BRASS AND COPPER Sheets. Bolts, Rods, Wire, &c. Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. Ausonia Corrugated Stove Platforms, PURE COPPER WIRE For Electrical Purposes, Rare and Covered. Pnospnor Bronze Rods for Pumps, &c. ANSONIA yr REFINED ____INCOT COPPER. | PHELPS, DODGE & CO, GERMAN SILVER, BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, BRASS KETTLES, PERCUSSION CAPS, POWDER FLASES, Sole Agents for the IMPORTERS OF Shot Shells. DEPOTS: Mille At TIN PLATE, 296 Broadway, New York, WATERBURY, ROOFING PLATE, | 189 Eddy St., Providence, R. 1. Conn. Sheet Iron, Copper, Pig Tin, Wire, Zine, &c. MANUFACTURERS OF COPPER AND BRASS. Manufacturers of Sheet Brass, Brass Wire. Prior Patent Oilers THE IRON AGH: Waterbury Brass Co, CAPITAL, - - $400,000, Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire, COPPER RIVETS & BURS, | Lamp Trimmings, &c. Door Rail, Brass Tags, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Measures, dc. And small Brass Wares of every Description. Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty Capewell Mfg. Co.’s Line ot Sport- ing Goods and Wood’s Paper Manhattan Brass Co,, Olmsted Patent Otlers, Satire, etc. fActais. The Plume & Atwood Mfg. Company, MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burs, Kerosene Burners, PHILIP L. MOEN, CHARLES F. WASHBURN, President & Treasurer. Vice President & Seoretary. Washburn & Moen Mfg. Co. Established, 1831. Capital, $1,500,000 WORCESTER, MASS. WIRE DRAWERS. Patent Galvaniring, Rolling and Tempering, MANUFACTURERS OF TRON, AND IRON AND STEEL WIRE. Of Every Description. 80 Chambers Street, New York. 13 Federal Street, Boston. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. Relling Mill, Factories, THOMASTON, Ct.| WATERBURY, Ct. Bridgeport Brass Co,, Sheet and Roll Brass, Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing, German Silver Metal and Wire, Copper and Iron Rivets. OILERS and CUSPADORES, | LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, LANTERNS and TRIMMINGS, | KEROSENE BURNERS, A SPECIALTY MADE OF GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH WIRE, GALVANIZED TELEPHONE WIRE, PATENT STEEL WIRE BALE TIES, PATENT STEEL BARB FENCING, AND PUMP CHAIN. NEW YORK OFFICE: ST. LOUIS WAREHOUSE: CHICAGO WAREHOUSE: S02 No. Second St. 107 Lake St. NATIONAL WIRE AND LANTERN WORKS, Copper Wire, Sveushece £ Ollors. | Clocks & Fly Fan Movements. | PLUMBERS’ MATERIALS, © CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. wa mast sétigtten paid to cutting out Stasihe ani eas & ————— | Zinc Tubing, Hurricane Lanterns, manufacturing Metal Goods. as LO Warehouse, 45 Fulton St., N. Y SCOVILL MFC co Brown's Patent Pictare Hooks, Manvvactory, ‘ie sREROT “ Te HOWARD & MORSE, og IV. anufacturers o an Fire Sets, Fenders, &c, | Aer mm be mervr n= | Brass, Copper & Iron Wire Cloth, 8 R ASS, BRASS BLANKS AND TUBES Harrison Wire Company, é eat Locomotive Spark Wire Cloth, Iron Wire Bolting Cloth, HINCES, WIRE, CERMAN SILVER. OF EVERY DESCRIPTION TO ORDER. 4 Ee . & Ay Aajustabie Globe” Mond” Lantorny Desh ag neg ST. LOUIS, MO. seats . ; PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS. | ist Ave., 7m ° 28th Bts., New Yorks) _ ow. mcs, ah se aS, and Office saan, enaee, One fae an — —_ thissk en Giiten s i 2 55 Ornamental Wire Fence. BUTTONS, |THE NEW HAVEN es ctses2er seme 7°" [EEE CLOTH AND METAL. ile ctenanney ace 58 DEPOTS, FACTORIES, COPPER CO., sea pay trate oe Kan ieee, Com, | 255 Pearl Street, New York. All kinds of aie : 183 Lake St. Chicago. New York City, Manatactarers of and Dealers in batts ba832 DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO.,/Braziers’ & Sheathing IRON & STEEL WIRE. COPPER. Tin Plate, Pig Tin, Sheet Iron, Cooper, Wire, Zinc, Ete. 29 & 31 ho ieee Kettle Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, Rivets, DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool. § N&WwWorK.| Ingot Copper, Spelter, Solder, &c. Established 1837. Incorporated 13876. WATERBURY MANUFACTURING CO., WATERBURY, CONN. Brass Machine Screws, Bibb Screws and Springs, Whip Mountings, Chisel & Screw Driver Ferrules, Patented Articles, BRASS AND METAL COODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. A. C. NORTHROP, Waterbury, Conn., NOVELTIES IN BRASS AND OTHER METAL GOODS|soun DAVOL & SONS, FOR HARDWARE TRADE. Wrought Iren and Brass Machine Screws; Turned Round and and Iron Safety ana Jack Chain; aut Nic lated and Bronze Set Screws; Brass an kinds. from Sheet Iron, Steel or Brass. Estimates on patenced articles, or any description of Sheet Metal work, respectfully solicited and 7 PASSAIC ZING C0. promptly given. ABRAM 8S. HEWITT, President. WM. HEWITT, Vice President. TRENTON IRON COMPAN CORPORATED 1847), TRENTON, N. J., Manufacturers of IRON and STEELWIRE OF ALL CRADES, BRIGHT, ANNEALED, COPPERED, TINNED AND GALVANIZED;| Gaivanizors a Brass Founders. Iron and Steel Wire Rods; EXTRA QUALITIES OF BAR IRON AND. RODS. Best Qualities of Gun-Screw and Charcoal lron Wire; Crucible, Siemens-Martin and Bessemer Steel Wire. Wire Straightened and Cut to Lengths, New York Office, COOPER, HE WITT « C 0.,.17 putes Slip. Palle ndelphis OGice, JOHN HewITT, WITT, Age nt, 21 North Fourth St. BRODERICK & BASCOM, MANUFACTTRERS OF IRON WIRE ROP 728 N, Main St., Jack and Safety Chain, Head Cap and Square » pad WIRE ROPE. ‘The Schoenbe Schoenberg Metal Mfg. Co., tal Mfg. Co., Holmes, Booth & Haydens, WATERBURY, CONN. This Lantern is known as the H. & M. Star Lantern. NEW YORE, BOSTON, 49 Chambers St. 18 Federal St. The Best Burning Kerosene Ou Lantern in the Market for the Money. Manufacturers of all kinds of H. & M. Star Lantern, with Candle Socket, Sperm and Kerosene Oil Burners. Brass, Copper & German Silver, WORKS BRASS & COPPER WIRE, Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs. BRASS & IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. German Silver Spoons, SILVER PLATED FORKS & SPOONS, Kerosene Burners, &c. asi ROEBLING = vq New York Office Warehouse 117 Liberty Street. THE JOHN A. ROEBLING'S SONS CO, WIRE ROPE asuiemaes: Iron, Steel 3 and Copper | Telegraph Wire, seiecisiest-teeiiidis wawnl Malet’ Oem kinds, for Ferries, Stays, Iron and Steel WIRE Market Wire, Fence Wire Brooklyn Brau and Copper Co | ship "aicrng, acu cores| Vineyard Wire, | rites wives coats Wire In ngot Co pper, Spelter oe Tin, Suspension Bridge Cables. Rivet Wire, &c., &c, Antimony, Sol my, Solder & Old M GALVANIZED WIRE CLOTHES LINES. IRON AND STEEL WIRE ROPE For Hoisting, Running & Standing Ropes, Ferries, &. CONSTANTLY KEPT ON HAND, Address, HAZARD MFG. CO., Wilkesbarre, Luzerne Co., Pa. FELTEN « GUILLEAUME, Carlswerk, near Cologne, Germany. PATENT CRUCIBLE STEEL WIRE, Mining and Plow Ropes, Hawsers and Bridge Cables. SIEMENS-MARTIN AND BESSEMER STEEL WIRE, Flusseisen, Swedish and German Charcoal W. GALVANIZED TEL EGRA PH WIRE of Charcoal and Swedish Iron and Steel, also with high conductivity, and in long lengths, GALVANIZED STEEL WIRE, For Plain, Barb and Strand Fencing, 3, end 7-ply § Sinead, Eapenes, &c. Annealed “a Oiled Fencing ire, round an WBwIRE ROPE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, TELEGRAPH CABLES. Contractors to the German and ae ie porens ernments, The aos bones in the braneh on the Con tinent. Telegraph Address, CAH KBRK, COLOGN General Agents for U. 8. and Sadan: PERKINS & CHOATE, 23 Nassau St, N.Y, J. WOOL GRISWOLD, | fpranaf WIRE RAILING AND . . . Manufacturer o Ornamental Wire Works. o. 36 North Howard “Bt. “Dadiameve, y u x Et Ei, BeSEn ats nies, &c. eves, Fenders. Sand », Baloo, TROY, N, ¥, Setteus, te. trou “Bea eS Manufacturers of Pure Spelter Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes AND ALL FINE WORK. MANNING &-SQUIER, Gen'l Agents, 113 Liberty Street, N. Y. Geo. W. Prentiss & Co.. HOLYOKE, MASS., Bright, Soppered, "Annealed and Tin ated, Also GUN SCREW WIRE of yr aes path asedincnncinenenensentte and cut to order. SOLDER, ‘TYPE, Sierras, sien and Babbin Metals. January 13, 1881. THE IRON AGE. CARY & MOEN, Manufecvorers of ing only 5 per cent. of loose white ash with-| STEEL WIRE forall purposes and STEEL spRincs of every deeertntion, | out clinker, while the Cumberland coal had 17.64 per cent. of refuse, most of which was clinker. Taking into account the ingenious January 13, 1881. | . 0. LINDEMANN & C0., ‘* The only manner in which this large dif- ference can be accounted for is by suppos- ing that in Mr. Bramwell’s experiment the water level in the boiler was carried lower than in ours, and that the boiler steam was consequently more superheated. It is known that, when in the Anthracite’s boiler the water level fell below a certain point, the steam became superheated to the degree of burning the packings in the stuffing boxes of the valve stems, In our experiment, the water was kept well above this level. More- over, the difference between the boiler pres- sure and the initial pressure in the first cyl- inder was much greater during Mr. Bram- well’s experiment than in ours, whereby the corresponding differences of temperature were greater in his. The differences of these temperatures in Mr. Bramwell’s ex- periment was 45° F., and in ours 35 degrees, in which it follows that the superheating from this cause was greater in his experi- ment than in ours. This was owing to the greater throttling in his experiment. Fur- ther: the speed of the pistons was greater in his experiment than in ours; and when the pressures on the pistons are sensibly the same, as in the case of these experiments, this causes a decrease in some unknown ratio of the cylinder condensations. In Mr. Bramwell’s experiment, the pistons made 130.3881 double strokes per minute, and in ours 103.02782 double strokes. The differ- ence, as the piston — were nearly equal, was caused by the fact that Mr. Bramwell’s experiment was made with the vessel in free route, while in ours the vessel was secured to the wharf. ss BIRD CAGES. ” Catalogues furnished | to the trade. 254 Pearl St., NEW YORK. WAM OL AELELLEALAAAEALLA LAE me WO DILL LL LLLELERELL OLE Ps ee Market steei Wire, Crinoiine Wire, tempered and coverva, Also Patent Tempered Steel Furniture —— constantly on hand. 234, 236 and 238 West 29th Street, - - - - NEW YORK, WESTON’S DIFFERENTIAL PULLEY BLOCKS. SOLE MAKERS, YALE LOCK MANFC. CO., Office & Works, STAMFORD, CONN. SALESROOMS: 563 CHAMBERS ST., NEW YORK. | Sor MARKET ST., PHILADELPHIA. 36 PEARL STREET, BOSTON. '64 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO. BROWN & BROTHERS, ‘Stanley Rule & Level Co., 81 Chambers St., N. Y. Waterbury, Conn. | MANUFACTURERS OF Sinaatbotaress of Improved BRASS, COPPER AND) “2sPenters’ Tools. FACTORIES, New Britain, Conn. WARFROOMS, 29 Chambers St., New York, Manufacturers of Balley’s Patent Adjustable Planes. ‘* The belief that the steam was considera- GER Genera] Agente for the sale cf Leonard Bailey & Co.’s ** Victor Planes,» bly more superheated in Mr. Bramwell’s ' j __ Manufacturers of * Deflance” Patent Adjustable Planes. experiment than in ours, is sustained by a > This Advertisement is Changed Every Week, comparison of the cylinder condensations z in Shoots, Bolle, Reds, Wire, Tubing, : in the two cases. In our experiment, the F Rivets and Burs, Etc. : steam condensed in the first cylinder was we D. J. MORRELL, Chairman. CHAS. DOUGLASS, Gen’! Supt. <6.22 per cent. of the total quantity evap- a ’ orated in the boiler. In his experiment it was 34.99 per cent. In our experiment, the steam condensed in the second cylinder was 38.41 per cent. of the total quantity evap- orated in the boiler. In his experiment it was 21.53 percent. In our experiment, the steam condensed in the third cylinder was 10.05 per cent. of the total quantity evap- orated in the boiler. In his experiment, it was 8.47 per cent.” Calculations made to ascertain whether these differences in the cylinder condensation would account for the difference in the heat cost of the powers respectively developed, showed that it was wholly due to that cause. An important feature in connection with the machinery of the Anthracite is that the difference between the boiler pressure and that in the high-pressure cylinder is so great. On the whole, though the results are fair, they are scarcely as good as might be expected from an engine working with so high a boiler pressure. The engines of the Anthracite, however, possess some defects which are not inherent te the Perkins system. Principal among these 1s the inefficient method of steam jacket- ing the cylinders, entailing the excessive cylinder condensation noted. Furthermore, the clearances and steam passages of the cylinders are enormous, being from two to four times greater than necessary. This de- fect could be eliminated easily by a better design of mechanical details. RR me Blue Process Drawings. W. S. ROBINSON, Treasurer. Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. Cc A UTI E R ST E E L Cc OQ HOUSE BOILERS, warranted to stand 200 lbs. una along ag é ~ : PATENTED: SPRING TEMPERED SHANK, SILVEK-PLATED, FLAT TABLE WARE, in rich 3 designs. @ ° 3 GERMAN SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS. Tcnae- SPRING POPE,COLE & Co. BALTIMORE COPPER WORKS, No, 57 South Gay St., BALTIMORE, MD., Have always on hand and for sale INGOT COPPER, ALSO ALL GRADES OF womcemeimw == STEEL, WIRE AND SPRINGS. WROUGHT-IRON BEDSTEADS. EASTERN WAREHOUSE, | WORKS, —_) PHILA. WAREHOUSE, 93 John St. N. Y, JOHNSTOWN, PA. S 505 Commerce St. WILLIAM VOGEL, Manufacturer of Plain and Stamped TINWARE, SEAMLESS BOXES, ROUND, OVAL AND SQUARE CANS. Special Articles Manufactured of Sheet Metals. 41, 43 & 45 South 9th Street, Near the Ferries, BROOKLYN (E. D.), N. ¥. LOUIS HB. VOOEL. at. | To produce blue lines on a white ground necessitates a double printing, in the first instance. The first operation is to make a blue print, which should be on very thin paper and printed very dark and sol- idly. This print is then used instead of a tracing in making other copies. We have seen very fair work done by this method of operation, but have not been able to get satisfactory results from any expuriments which we have tried. Mr. Albert Levy, of $$é HENRY J. VOGEL. ial w” 4 Bond street, New York, makes ** blue” ~~ paper, and has, in addition, what he calls a <a i ‘negative” paper. This is the same as a —4 that ordinarily used for copying drawings, os. papoasente o Creeper in ante petites vente Gren, oo m except that tbe paper is quite thin. The c “tae ere ow wee, or walking = doom first print is made on the thin paper, which ° ICE CREEPERS |© al an d Cla f is then washed and dried in the usual ent falling on icy pavements. Can be attached 4 way. Here we may say that this paper to the Reel of any boot oF nent? ee mere = needs a great deal of washing ; half an hour, ° E T. BARNUM Detroit Mich. << at least, should be given to it. When the — 2 es ° . negative is ready, it is used in the same way P Q as an ordinary drawing and placed above a sheet of the ordinary blue paper. We have "9 G . G U nth er, = found that a very long exposure is neces- — sary, in order to get even readable draw- » Maetqrotuper of “ Shovels, Ridd les, B rushes, dic. ings. We fancy that the best results would ~% Patented Brass, Silver Plated be obtained by making the drawing on the Japanned blue paper itself, o do this we should ot se WHITEHEAD BROS. Wm. oA aaa oo take a piece of blue paper and expose it to ——- ° "9 bright sunlight till the color is well devel- . BIRD CAGES.|Z= AMERICAN FACING CO. SSeacricees) ope, and tate woch and Gry 6 fn the covet E —_—_— — —|manner. We would then make the draw- Can be nested for ex- ing directly on the blue paper, and use for port shipments. .. ink any of the liquids which bleach the blue one : color. Fortunately, there are almost num- ing 103 & 105 William St., Established 1810. berless fluids which will do this. Common : NEW YORK. washing soda will do it ag well as anything, variety in patterns and unsurpassed in low prices. Now Illustrated Catalogues and Price up any white line which is too faint. Land on agyeaton, Mr. Charles L. Moller, of 30 Cortlandt 8 3 a street, New York, is manufacturing a paper, THE MONTOU be 23 by "36, which we have found works very Non much better than any other we have tried. Its color is a light yellow, and it is quite sensitive to the action of light and easily washed. This paper, if kept excluded perfectly from the light, keeps remarkably well. We have had samples of it which would produce fair work after having been eet six months, at least. The lines, owever, after the paper has been copied so long, are likely to be a pale blue instead of a white, due to the fact that the paper has had PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers, Importers and Dealers in ODD AND REGULAR SIZES TIN AND ROOFING PLATES, IRON & STEEL COMPANY, Works at Danville, Pa. RAILS —® AND PIC IRON. ne LL A genera] assortment of Mine and Narrow-Ga Rails hand, from which shipments can more or less exposure to light. a ee Black and Galvanized Sheet Iron, Metals, Wire, Copper, We believe that, even with the ordinary Co W. B. O. COZXE, President, Reading, Pa. Stamped Ware, Registers, &c. paper, it is rer to make blue lines ou a white ground if a little extra time is employed. , Treas. Pa 8. W. INGERSOLL, » Philadelphia, The methods at operation are somewhat sim- ¥. P. HOWE, General Supt., Danville, Pa. Manufacturers of all | h effect incident to the removal of clinker, kinds of = Messrs. Loring, Ayers and Magee find tbat | = Mr. Bramwell’s results are superior to theirs | Japanned, Brass & = | by 18.35 per cent. Concerning this discrep- Tin Plated = a | ancy between the two tests, they say: the Nixon coal used by Mr. Bramwell hav- | ple, yet it cannot be out of place to give here some directions in regard to the best methods of producing blue copies. A flat board should be provided as large as the tracing and drawing which is to be copied. On this board two or three thicknesses of common blanket or its equivalent could be laid. This is done in order to give a soft level and elastic hacking for the paper on the blanket. | The prepared paper is laid with its yellow or sensitive side uppermost on this paper. The tracing is placed and smoothed out as perfectly as possible, in order to secure a contact over the whole surface of the paper beneath. Upon the tracing a plate of clear glass is laid; preferably, this should be heavy enough to press the tracing down upou the paper. Srilaess plate glass, say three-eighths of an inch thick, is quite sufti- cient. Where this cannot be obtained, 26- ounce glass may be made to answer, if the drawing is not very large, putting weights upon the corners beyond the trac- ing. The next operation is to expose the whole to a clear sunlight, b7 pushing it out on a shelf from a window or in any other convenient manner. From 4 to 6 mixnutes is usually sufficient in the summer time. In the winter from 6 to 10 is necessary. If the drawing cannot be ex- posed to the sun, but only to the clear sky, the exposure must be continued from 20 to 30 minutes, and if the day is cloudy from 60 to 90 minutes will be needed. ‘The color of the print depends upon the length of time it is exposed to the strength of the light. If the color is pale the exposure has been too short, while if the color is dark it has been too long. After having been ex- posed for the proper length of time, remove the prepared paper and wash it freely for one or two minutes in clear water. If a large dish is convenient the print may be laid in the water, and after being rinsed or water poured over its surface for a minute or so, may be allowed to soak for 10 or 15 minutes, It should then be hung up by one corner to drain and dry. While the print is wet it should be preserved from contact with anything which is likely to change the color, and, for this reason, it should not be laid down upon a black walnut board, or upon anything where it will come in contact with iron, which is likely to cause slight dis- colorations. The sheet of paper, if large, may be laid upon a clean pine board and washed by sprinkling it with water from a watering pot. It can then be hung up to dry. In any event, care should be taken to wash all trace of yellow solution off from the paper. Mr. Moller sells a solution for use in making negative paper at $2.50 per bottle. Each bottle would be sufficient for cov- ering a roll of paper 30 yards long by 36 inches wide. In coating paper with the solution, which, by the way, should be protected from light, a sponge about 4 inches in diameter may be used, going over the paper the first time with sponge quite moist. The solution should be well rubbed into the paper. Going over the second time the sponge should be squeezed dry, and the solution spread over the paper evenly. The sheet should then be laid away to dry in the dark, and must be kept sheltered from the light until it is used. It may not be generally known that ordinary photographic negatives may be used and blue pictures obtained with this paper from them. With a very transpareut negative a picture may be taken on blue paper exposed to direct sunlight in from one to two minutes, while darker negatives may require three or even tive minutes. With this solution one can coat thinner kinds of paper, such as express cap or bond paper, an: thus make what we have described as negative paper of varying grades. It is always better, in making a blue copy, to use a tracing, rather than a drawing, on thick paper, as the work then becomes sharp and is more quickly done. — Dangerous Toys. We take the following from an Engiish exchange: A plentiful and cheap supply of toys will, it is generally considered, contribute to the happiness of children and the tran- quillity of their parents, The recent action of the authorities in Paris suggests, how- ever, that this result may not always be insured. A toy producing the symptoms of lead poisoning is not so conducive to the diversion of children and the peace of their parents as the Parisian itinerant vendor of these wares would have us be- lieve. A number of boxes, loaded with toys, painted in brilliant colors, elastic oalls colored and varnished, lead soldiers in every variety of uniform, have been seized by the French police, It has been proved that the color would easily come off, particularly if the children put the toys to their mouths—a habit which seems inherent in every child’s nature. ‘‘ These playthings,” says the Lancet, ‘‘ painted with poisonous colors, had been imported from Firth, in Bavaria, and a committee of the manufacturers of that town has recently held a meeting on this subject. A circular was at once issued to all the toy manufac- turers, urging them to use non-poisonous paints, and reminding them that according to the German law, they had exposed themselves to penalties—fines and impris- onment.” The Gesundheit, of Frankfort, remarks that but for the repressive meas- and may be dissolved in water and used in- ures adopted in Paris the German authori- stead of ink. It may be also used to clean {ties would still neglect to enforce the Ger- man law. This apathy, according to the German papers, is all the more repre- hensible as the Firth manufacturers send their toys all over Germany, and may, there- fore, poison the chiklren of the Fatherland as well as the little Parisians—a considera- tion which, in the Teutonic mind, must greatly accentuate the gravity of the ques- tion. To us the matter is not less serious. It is well known that the majority—in fact, nearly all—of the cheap toys sold in Eng- land are imported from Germany, and we regret that it is to the Parisians rather than to the English authorities that we must attribute the honor of seizing these danger- ous playthings. We trust that no time will be lost in folowing this excellent example, and that a more strict watch will be kept to prevent the importation from abroad cf poison for the aursery, al. <a Bee eee ee KE - SM Se ee at iwen toe Hii ee a eS. SS Ss - nt a a ~ ns Vf oe . ow ee ae a a — Pi ne wey a ed P = at ee —_ - we - ~, nn pen nee > oe eer OS ee — = ee £ a” i i SBE. OGDEN & WALLACE,| A, B. Warner & Son, THE IRON AGE. January 13, 1881, xrou. xvon. EvON: NEW YORK. PITTSBURGH. PITTSBURGH. John W. Quincy, |W, D, aoe & CO, r A. G@. HATRY, 98 William Street, New York. m m i Anthracite & Charcoal Pig Irons, — — a ae Wrought Serap, Cut Nails, Copper, and Railroad Iron, BLOCK TIN, LEAD, SPELTER, ANTIMONY, NICKEL, &e And Railroad Equipment. XrON. 7 Xron, NEW YORK. NEW YORK. cieacmaazce’, IRON MERCHANTS 4B Ag 85, 37,89 & 91 ELM ST., N. Y. COMMON AND BEFINED |», 4 79 West and 52 Washington St. BAR IRON. SHEET AND PLATE IRON, | BOILER PL ATE, KSOOP, BAND AND SCROLL IRON, ee ee einer Rod and Horse Shoe Iron, Boller Tubes, Angle, Tee & Girder Iron, Nails & Spik i Angle and T Iron, Boller and Tank Rivets, nae H ARRISON & GILLOON alls pikes Steel & R, R. Supplies, Swedes and Nerway Iron, Norway Nail Reds. Sole Agents for the cele! IRON AND METAL DEALERS WINDOW GLASS, GAS PIPE & BORAX. ee ee ne ee ae Te . Eur eka,” P ennocks, 658, 560, 962 WATER ST. and 92, $04, 996 CHERRY 8T., nib hata NEW YORK, have on aend, and oer for rene the hovns:._. PIERSON & CO, “Wawasset,” Lukens, | sureon _ ne hin 24 & 26 Broadway, 77 & 79 New St.) tant tot, vou evr of fue en | WED ana Compe ann NEW YORK CITY. iron. Fire Box Iron a specialty. wa “PICKS” of all kinds, |ROME MERCHANT IRON MILLS; OXFORD IRON CO., role cio (B. G. CLARKE, Receiver,) “ESOPUS” HORSE SHOE IRON, se afd anol il Cc Nail ! iGut alls SPIKES. B EA M Ss, A N G L E Ss, nit Borolie, Ovals, Half Ovals, Half Rounds, Honngon & and J. 8. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, hoe lron. Also from Charcoal Pig ao. awe a Iron branded J. a. ote puddled 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, NEW YORK. Tees, Channels, Sheets, Plates. | sicea’, PM PA ey es SRS it BURDEN’S All descriptions in stock. Planished Sheet Iron. Patented March 14th, 1865 ; April 8th, 1878 : Sept. 9th, 1873; Uct. 6th, 1874; Jan. 11, 1876. Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to the IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, and at a much less price. FOR SALE, by all the principal METAL DEALERS In the Large cities throughout THE UNITED STATES. And at their Office, Il! Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA. C. A. von Bonnhorst. Wilson, R. A. WILSON & Co., PIG IRON, Iron and Steel Ralls, All Sizes, BLOOMS AND ORE, 88 Fourth ave., cor. Wood st., Pittsburgh, N% ROADSTER h PATTERN, IRON & STEEL. MARSHALL LEFFERTS & CO, — 90 Beekman St., New York City, ABEEL BROTHERS, | wyyyracTuneh AND DEALER. | Established 1765 by ABEEL & BYVANCK, Iron Merchants, Galvanized Sheet Iron, 190 South Street and 365 Water, N. Y. Ist and 94 Qualities. Galvanized Wire, Tel h and Fence ; Galvanized ULSTERIRON sects sore. cinains A full assortment of all sizés constantly on hand. “CORRUGATED SH FET IRON Refined Iron, For Roofing, &c., Galvanized, Plain or Painted. STEEL TOE CALKS. Extra Quality Homogeneous Steel BOILER PLATE STEEL PLATES, all descriptions. Cut Nails and Spikes, Plate and Sheet Horse-Shoe Iron, Band, oop and Scroll Iron, _— aan, nee. John |. Williams. Henry M. Long, Nathan M. McDowell, Iron, all descriptions Norway Nail Rods, Plate and Tank Iron, . . Pittsb Eiht remasn. _[ietaaokanacnesme en “Burdon Bee Keystone Rolling Mill, SHOENBERGER & CO., =szre Cc. BANE, BOILER IRON A. R. Whitrey,) sicnrea ane coarantecs All descriptions of Iron Work Galvanized or Manufacturer of and Dealer in Tinned to order F2 . N, Price list and quotations sent upon application. W. BAILEY LANG, EERE MEMO OW EMOOR Sole Agent In United States & Canada for Our specialty is in wamanatiiehentasaee, | ION COMPANY, struction of Fire-Proot Buildings, Bridges, &c. rant and estimates farnished, and contracts made | NO. 50 BEEKMAN ST., NEW YORK. g Iron Structures of every description. JAMES WILLIAMSON & Cco., | — a contain! cuts of all Iron made sent on ap- plication by mai Sample pieces at office. Pi — eenece. SCOTCH AND AMERICAN BORDEN & LOVELL,| P}G |[RON, CommissionMerchants| xo. co wan se., new york. 70 & 71 West St, /ULSTER IRON WORKS, ts ULSTER BAR IRON. Yt Covel f New York. 18 Wall St., New York. All sizes and shapes in stock. Fall River Iron Co.’s Nails, j Also Best Grades of Bands, Hoops & Rods. Tuckerman, Mulligan & Co Am, & Eng. Ref'd lron,Common Iron, &c AND Pasenls: Gee wee 6e..|—- ms Williams, Long & McDowell, Manufacturers of Merchant Bar and Skelp Iron, Sheets and Plates ot all sizes, Office, No. 87 Water Street, |——————--—-- Pittsburgh, Pa. Portsmouth fron and Steel Co., Mill at Sono, , Second Avenue. Successors to arsAa a tiuiase ” ~| GAYLORD ROLLING MILL co., Manufacturers of OLD RAILS, SCRAP IRON, STEEL, PIC IRON, BLOOMS, AND ORE. PITTSBURGH, PA, lron Boiler Rivets. Burden Iron Works, H. Burden & Sons, Siemens-Martin (Open Hearth) STEEL BOILER PLATE, Agricultural and Machinery Steel and Steel Tire. Also, Homogeneous Iron Boiler Plate and Rive Riveta, Merchant and Sh 1 rought Spikes, Fish Bars Bolts. oe tee. Office and Works : ___ Troy, N. Ys EGLESTON BROS. & CO., 166 South Street, 267 Front Street, NEW YORK CITY. BURDEN’S H. B. & S. PORTSMOUTH, OHIO. J. C. LEWIS GEO. WIS, pee SaaS epee -| Bonnell, Botsford & Co., GOTHENBURG, Z . swevex. | Iron, Nails & Spikes, ae T 2re eee 2 YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. N. M. HOGLUND'S SONS & CO., Stockholm. MOSES GOLDSMITH & SON, Swedish & Norway SORT: eae n ee No. Agents for the sale of Borden Mining Company’s PATERSON, N. J. is. . “a DAN’L W. RICHARDS & CO,, | ts "er, ter Plt Sa gm, hand, ot Beaton See et — See ee lr on Br idge Builders special ake gi oatmingibNH : METALS, IRON, RAGS, WILLIAM H. WALLACE & C0., Ané Manufacturers of Pig lron and Bar lron, ,ALBERT POTTS, Sulteditetee Aarne rer And au Kinds of Paper Stock. IRON MERCHANTS | Beams, Channels, Angles, ADT = Ree eS Oe ee Cor. Albany & Washington Sts., THES, Scrap lron, Scrap Steel, SABL Se 1 RON & N Al L WOR KS NEW YORK CITY Merchant Iron, &c., &c. ot ola MHL WALLACE. Wa. BISPHAM. j ___ —| New York Office, Room 45, Astor House.| (| Rails and Old Metals, B. F. JUDSON, WATTS COOKE, President. SCOTCH AND AMERICAN ee OS te OS Benge Mn‘ Rew Terk. |CARMICHAEL, EMMENS & WORTH, W. S. MIDDLETON, =. i S IT Tro rr ’ 130, 132 & 184 Cedar st. .) New York. Wrouglt Cast Serap Iron, IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATE, Broker in Machinery & Iron Merchant Iron, Universal Mill Iron and Nails-of Superior Quality and Finish. Orders for odd sizes Iron filled promptly. AUG & CO., Lap-Welded Boiler Tubes, &c., &c, ent for Otis’ celebrated Cas feel Boller Piates,| FORSTER’S CRUSHER & PULVERIZER, OLD METALS. Tie Coatesville Iron Ga Pottat ane pee Co the | The best in market, Corner 13th and Etna Streets, _ PITTSBURGH, PA. Roll ing Mills SS Union Tube W orks; Wrought 457 £45 $58 3 por St. >t NEW YORK. F Iro “hee ben — ap __ | W.S. MIDDLETON, 52 John St., N. ¥, : > | Glengarnock and Carnbroe LEECHBURG _ 1RON WORKS. KIRKPATRICK & CO., DANIEL F. COONEY, — alti (Late of ona ae o Jas. me — & Ce. FOREIGN AND AMERICAN anufacturers of all grades of es Me FINE SHEET IRONS, BOILER, PLATES and SHEET 1ROK,| RAILWAY, PIG AND SCRAP IRON, SCOTCH PIG IRON, (Refined, Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Iron, ous” | Estimates furnished for all kinds of Iron Work. NATURAL GAS USED AS FUEL. i | | . OFFICE, No, 143 First A Pitt b hk, P tele ; te A r Th Gata Sr | D. L. COBB. Tae ene NEW vorRx. For spot delivery and for prompt or forward = nee cee = SURES, Ttethuve, Fe. banon Ko'ling Mills, Pine trom Works, Laurel Lron | ~~ | shipments to New York, Boston, Philadelphia, A N D by EW K LO Mi A N, Work rks. The Bergen | Rolling Mills, at Jersey City. Ss. A. LISSBERGER, Baitimore or New Orleans, P. W. GALLAUDET, ; IRON & METAL DEALER, For sale in lots to suit by PITTSBURGH, PA., MANUFACTURER OF Banker and Note Broker, 19, 5tr and srg to s2g East roth St., New York, JAMES LEE & co No 3 and 5 Wall Street, h am on = hens. and offer fo yy ente, | the followir 4 *9 S anc 7 Mac shine po Re 6 roa ane Cast Sole Agents for the United States, Ste e a n d I ro n t r u ctu fa | a ate r | ial NEW YORK. Heavy Wrought lron; also, old Cc c si- ro on; also, o opper, Com HARDWARE, METAL, IRON RUBBER, SHOE, | tion, Brass, Lead, Pewter, Zine, &c. - 72 Pine ) Mewest, 2 New York. PAPER AND PAPER HANGINGS, LUMBER, COAL | _ AND RAILROAD PAPER WANTED. ADVANCES MADE ON BUSLNESSS PAPER AND OTHER SECURITIES. ; BATES & DESPARD,| 117 Peart St., New York, P. 0. Box 764, | Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &c. “impo rters of STEEL AND IRON RAILS, SWEDISH FULLER BROTHERS & CoO., BARS, STEEL AND PIG IRON, — MON ani OLD RAILS c, f. and 1. to | 139 Greenwich Street, New York, WH HAA mn 7 AR ( | ils a EYE BAR BLANK AS IT LEAVES THE ROLLS, EYE BAR FINISHED FROM THE SAME, Kloman Patent Solid Rolled Eye Dawe, | Suited in Iron or Steel without welding or * wo - Universal! Mill Plates of Lron or Steel, Steel Rails of = sizes and patterns. Splice Channe Bars for Thielsen Car Truck. SreCiAL “1 —Unusual sha pes and sizes in Steel or Iron; Angiea, Tee and other structural shapes in Lrop oF §1 GEI . - aa —— © January 13, 1881. Fro. Siemens’ Regenerative GAS FURNACE. RICHMOND & POTTS, 119 &. Fourth St. PHILADELPHIA, PA. | Xron. PHILADELPHIA. HENRY LEVIS & CO., Manufacturers’ Agents For Iron and Steel Rails, Car Wheels, Boiler and Sheet Iron and General Railway eo Old Rails, Axles, and heels bought and sold. 234 8. 4th St., Philadelphia, The Cambria Iron and Steel Works, Having enjoyed for over TWENTY YEARS the reputation of producing the best quality ef RAITUS, have now an annual capacity of 100,000 Tons of Iron and Steel Rails, Splice Bars, &. ADDRESS, CAMBRIA IRON COMPANY, No, 218 South 4th Street, Philadelphia. Or at the Works, JOR NSTOWN, PA. Or LENOX SMITH, New York Selling Agent, 46 Pine St., N. ¥. THE PHCNIX IRON CO., 410 Walnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. WROUCHT IRON ROOF TRUSSES, CIRDERS & JOISTS, and all kinds of Iron Framing used in the construction of Fire Proof Buildings, PATENT WROUGHT IRON COLUMNS, WELDLESS EYE BARS, and built up shapes for Iron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and every variety of SHAPE IRON made to order. Plans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. NEW YORK AGENTS, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty Street. BOSTON AGENTS, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St, “ALAN WOOD & CO., ‘MANUFACTURERS OF Patent Planished, Galvanized, Common, Hest Refined, Cleaned and Charcoal Bloom Boat and Tank Iron, PLATE c&« SHEET IRON. No. 519 Arch St., Philadeiphia, Pa. for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water Pipe, Smoke Stack, sai eS re e, Locumotive Headlight and Jacket Iron. : JAS. ROWLAND & C0., Kensington Iron, Steel & Nail Works, 920 North Delaware Ave., - - PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of the Anvil Brand Refined Merchant Bar Iron. Also, the James Rowland & Co, Kensington Nails, cut from their Refined Anvil stock. Also, Plow and Cultivator Steel, Rounds, Squares, Flats, Bands and Hoop Iron. Correspondence with Dealers solicited. PENCOYD IRON WORKS. A. & P. ROBERTS & G0... | Manufacturers of C LF CAR AXLES. al BAR, ANGLE, TEE AND CHANNEL IRON. Office, No, 265 S$. Fourth St., Philade/phia. Agents for the eale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. MANUFACTURERS OF FOUNDRY FACINGS. FOUNDRY SUPPLIES. ed MOULDING SAND A SPECIALTY. Albany, Crescent, Tullytown and Lumberton Sands, _ I GERMAN LEAD, BITUMEN, SIEVES, AMERICAN LEAD, ANTHRACITE, SHOVELS, BRASS SAND, PLUM"BAGO, CHARCOAL, BRUSHES, CHANDELIER SAND, STOVE PLATE, MINERAL, CRUCIBLES, STOVE PLATE SAND, J. W. PAXSON & CO.,} sc, 516 and 518 bench St.. PHILADELPHIA, PA. ALLENTOWN ~ROLLING MILL COMPANY, Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn Tables. General Office, 237 South Third St., Philadelphia. Works at Allentcwn, Pa. MACHINERY SAND, JAMES ©. BOOTH. THOMAS H. GARRETT. ANDREW A. BLAIR. BOOTH, CARRETT & BLAIR, Analytical and Consulting Chemists, 919 and 921 Chant St. (10th St. above Chestnut St.), PHILADELPHIA, PA, Established in 1836. Analyses of Ores Waters, Metals and Alloys of all kinds. A special department for the ANALYSIS OF IRON AND STEEL, with all the avratus and appliances for the rapid and accurate analysis of Iron Steel, Iron Oren. Slags, Limestone. Coais, Clays, Fire Sands &c, All analyses made by the members of the firm, Prive lists on upplication. kro, Edward J. Etting, IRON BROKER anv COMMISSION MERCHANT, 230 S. Third St., Philadelphia, Pa. Pig, Bar and Railroad Iron. OLD RAILS, SCRAP, &e- Agent for the MOUNT SAVAGE FIRE BRICK, The Allentown Iron Co, and The Coleraine Furnaces. STORAGE WHARF AND YARD DELAWARE AVENUE ABOVE CALLOWHILL STREET, connected by track with railroad. Cash advances made eon Iron. J. Wesley Pullman, 407 Walnut St., Philadelphia, Exclusive SALES AGENT, Chester Iron Co.’s Blue, Red and Hof RE oO ___ Also celebrated ‘‘ Brotherton” Ore, D. W. R. READ, T. HORACE BROWN. D. W.R. READ & CO., Dealers and Commission Merchants in ORES, METALS, &c. Native and Foreign Iron, Manganese, and other Ores, 205% Walnut St.,. PHILADELPHIA, Office in New York, 142 Pearl 8t. J. O. RICHARDSON, IRON COMMISSION MERCHANT, No. 232 Dock 8t., Philadelphia. Pig Iron, Railroad Iron and Iron Ores. Sole Agent for the MONOCACY FURNACE CO, DEALER IN MOSELEM, ROCKHILL, WARWICK, And other Favorite Brands. SILVER GREY IRON A SPECIALTY. J. W. H