The Iron Age 1880-12-16: Vol 26 Iss 25

Vol. XX VI: No. 25 The Blast Furnace Plant of the North. Chicago Steel Company. The financial success of the North Chicago tolling Mill Company encouraged the offi- cers of that establishment to extend their plant by the building of additional blast fur- naces, and asthe general arrangement of ii ee ee | The Iron Age A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. detail has been thoroughly investigated and put through an inspection likely to reveal any weakness or unnecessary waste of money. There were six to eight competent draftsmen employed, and all the drawings were well advanced before the designs were accepted, a plan which all entering into such enterprises would do well to follow. » > @ --6----- ~—96'0° i Tal i Ne) BOILER HOUSE ENGINE HOUSE SCALE to embody the best modern practice, we shall in this and a series of future art- icles present its principal features. A few years ago the North Chicago Rolling Mill Company carried a heavy bonded in- | debtedness, which has been wiped out by the energetic management of O. W. Potter, president, and his most thorough assistants, J. H. Cremer, Henry Kriete and Robert | Forsythe. Mr. Cremer has charge of the five furnaces now owned and operated by the company—three at Milwaukee and two at the North Chicago Rolling Mili Com- pany’s works. Mr. Kriete is in charge of all the machinery, boilers, buildings, &c., of the entire property, and besides these | onerous duties, designs his own blowing, rolling aud hoisting machinery ; while Mr. Forsythe gives his undivided attention to the production of the vast quantity ef steel required by this company. Capital soon appreciated the situation and put into the hands of Mr. Potter a sum suffi- cient to construct works in all respects equal, if not superior, to any in the world. To this end Messrs. Cremer and Kriete visited and exhaustively examined all the works of this country, and Mr. Forsythe has just returned from Europe, where he has been to see if, perchance, any modifications can be made | in his branch of the establishments that may | redound to the benefit of his company. | Thus their experience will be combined with a knowledge of what is being done in their own and foreign lands. We would call attention to this mark of good sense displayed by this company. In- stead of having the directors or president traveling with much ado, they sent out the men who were to carry out the thought suggested by investigation, giving them not only the ability to work, but pla®ing themin the responsible position where success or failure rested much with themselves. The new blast furnaces at South Chicago, a plan of which is shown in the accompany- ing engraving, were designed by Mr. Cremer. Some years ago capital was too scarce in this country to erect a substantial plant. Interest was too high and would eat up the | principal if put into such structures. The | result was that cheap, flimsy buildings were | erected in all parts of the country. Even the advice of the architect was considered too expensive, and, in many instances, | ignorant founders spent hundreds of thou- | sands of dollars trying to erect cheap | smelting works, without drawings, without | the least knowledge of the strength of ma- | terials or their application to construction. In modern works all this has been changed, and in the plant we are considering every the plant as well as its details may be said | LIL Lb |most recent and ap- | head, and they are sup- | & Gordon, each 21 feet | used for each furnace, |of the other two fur- - + --4040 OF FEET tem we oo oe ee wee stroke and 84-inch bore; steam cylinders, 36 inches diameter, 54-inch stroke. These engines may be run to 35 revolutions per minute, each giving about 10,000 cubic feet actual’; that is, allowing for leakage and cushion on the cylinder ends. By a quick cut-off and the use of condensers a high degree of efficiency is sought to be ob- - ee me nf 20/4". SS —— \ Published every Thursday Morning by DAVID WILLIAMS, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. | New York, T, ‘hirsday, December 16, 1880. They are all set in massive brickwork, and are so arranged that great efficiency may be obtained from the gases. Ample cleaning doors are provided to keep the surface of the boilers and the paved floor of the gas chamber clean, and it is expected that the temperature of the waste gases will be re- ‘duced below 609° F. by traversing the 72 outiiconenniillie ~“ ——— te | [| — oi ——— rll STOCK HOUSE THE BLAST FURNACE PLANT OF THE NORTH CHIC‘GO STEEL COMPAN). These works consist of four blast furnaces, each 21-foot bosh and 75 feet high, the lines being designed to give the highest economy of fuel consumption with as large an output as is consistent with fuel economy. They are placed far from their source of fuel (Connellsville coke), and the first considera- | tion is to produce a ton of iron with the least possible con- sumption of carbon. The gross output of iron, however, is ex- pected to be well up to 1000 tons per week for each furnace, a pro- duction which, but a few months ago, would have been considered beyond a possibility. The furnaces proper are provided with the wit appliances of earth and tunnel- ported by a magniti- cent plant of 14 Whit- well hot-blast stoves, designed by Witherow in diameter and 60 feet high. These are so ar- ranged that three are while two are so con- nected to the hot and cold-blast mains that one of them may be used on cither of two furnaces, while the other auxiliary: stove may be used on either naces. Each set of these stoves (one being on blast while the other two are being heated), is capable of heating 20,000 cubic feet of air per minute to a temperature of 1400” F., sufficient to smelt from Lake Su- perior ores, with the | tained. These engines have been si) ji d with condensers, the air pumps of which are operated by an independent engine. Each condenser, with its engine, is situ ated between two blowing engines and will condense the steam from both. They are direct-acting plunger pumps, 28 inches in diameter, 15-inch stroke, and operated by IMPROVED VERTICAL TESTING MACHINE. utmost economy of fuel consumption, 1300]an engine with 16-inch steam cylinder. tons of iron per week. They, therefore, havea reserve force in their heating ap- paratus even while making the enormous output of 1000 tons of metal per week. The blast will be supplied by eight blowing en- gines designed by Mr. Kretie, and manufac- tured by the Cuyahoga Iron Works, Cleve- land, Ohio, The blowing cylinders are 54-inch Each re of blowing engines propels tke blast t lar furnace, but the plant is so arranged by a system of valves that their blast may be directed to any one of the other furnaces. rough a 45-inch pipe to one particu- The steam will be generated in a battery of 36 boilers, each 48 inches in diameter and 72 feet long, of the ordinary cylindrica! type. | feet to “he iimney flue. Negligence in the | matter of cleanliness and proper construc- tion caus s ‘nany a pound of coal to be con- sumed under boilers, particularly so when | the boiler surface is small and the engines are wasteful of steam. Furnacemen are too apt co be careless about this, although it ss . matter of thousands a year in the profits of the works. It is true that the highest economy of fuel consumption yet attained still leaves a margin for all purpo- ses, such as heating the blast and raising steam, but this econo- my is attained only by bigh heats in the blast, with judicious man agement, and then the margin for steam raising and blast heat ing is but small. Care must, therefore, be exercised in the con- struction of the plant, so that all the heat in the gases may be made effective so far as our practice can go. The temperature of burn- ing gases under boilers is not far from 2000° F., and an economical heat for chimney draft is about 600° F., leaving 1400° F. in the great weight of the gases and air for combustion and mix- ture to be absorbed by the water in the boil- ers. The high temper- ature of the initial heat (2000°) of the vast quantity of gas re- quires a large boiler surface. It is also im portant that this sur- | face have not too chill ing an effect, thus pre- venting their con- tinued combustion dur- ing their passage to the chimney. A large} space is, therefore, left under the boilers, so | as to give the gases time for combustion. It is expected that a length of 72 feet for the | boilers will give an ample opportunity for the absorption of all the excess of heat above that required for draft. A 72-foot boiler, however, if made in one long piece, would be very dangerous, and spiral springs S250 a Year, Including Postage Stnale Copies, Zen Cents. on the hangers or balance beams only par tially remedy the evil of buckling or ‘* snak ring,”’ as it is called. If this lower surface of the boiler is unduly elongated it sways like a cord ; if contracted it bends upward. In the former case all the weight is supported by the center bearings or hangers as the ends are lifted above the seat, while in the TING HOUSE é CASTING HOUSE I: CASTING HOUSE ' CASTING HOUSE CAS I |) | = ae X | Pal ~ ee | -<-< | I F | F 4 - «= ----~-~---- | : | ACE _ 4 | L : ji | , =F a“ ‘ a > =. ou ¢ __ a Ee — 4° latter case all the weight rests upon the end bearings. The longer the boiler the more grievous this evil will be, and the best plan is to shorten the boiler. For this reason two lengths of 36 feet of boiler are made, one placed immediately in line with the other, so that the plant really consists of 72 boilers 36 feet long. The gases, as will be seen in the plan, are fed from the gas main —which is 7 feet 3 inches high by 12 feet wide—by a number of 30-inch brick flues leading to the gas burners, from which they pass under the boilers to be consumed, and are then received by a chimney flue Io feet wide and 8 feet 3 inches high. Through the latter they are conveyed to the boiler chim- ney, Which is 15 feet in the clear opening and 175 feet high. A substantial and elegant building with an iron roof contains these boilers. As we expect to give a sectional view of the furnaces in another issue, we will defer a detailed description until that time, merely giving the general dimensions now. The bosh is 21 feet diameter and the hight 75 feet, with a diameter of furnace top of 15 feet and a diameter of bell of 11 feet The diameter of hearth is 9 feet, the angk of boshes 72°, the hight of tuyeres 4 feet 10 inches, and hight of cinder notch 3 feet 6 inches. Each pair of furnaces has one elevator operated by a pair of link-motion engines of upright pattern that would do credit to a fine propeller, They are designed and being inade at the company’s shops, under the direction of Mr. Kriete. Each cage raises four buggies of stock at a time lhe hoist towers are of brick, 100 feet high and the general design is very imposing. - cp = Riehle Brothers’ Improved Testing Machine. Our illustration represents Riehlé Bros New Improved Vertical Testing Machine for applying strains by tensile, trausvers and compression tests to almost every vari ety of materials up to 50,000 pounds. The extreme length of the machine is 7 feet hight, 8 feet; width, 2 feet 6 inches. The motion of the jack is 8 inches, and the weight of the machine agzregates about one ton, This style is adapted for a wide rang of tests, and with a few inexpensive appli ances additional tests can be effected. Th machine, as illustrated, will test a tensil specimen from 5 or 6 inches to 24 inches in length of any size up to I inch round, square or flat. The aim of the manufacturers bas been to make it compact, strong and relia ble, It is constructed entirely of iron = a “st Pes ee ~ Ww d FHetals. ss ANSONIA | BRASS & COPPER CO., =) t : No. 19 Cliff Sts eet, MActals. Phelps Building, NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS AND COPPER : Sheets, Bolts, Rods, Wire, &c. § Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. Ansonia Corrugated Stove Platforms. PURE COPPER WIRE For Electrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. Prosphor Bronze Rods for Pumps, &c. ‘ ‘ : i ANSONIA * REFINED INCOT COPPER. PHELPS, DODGE & CO. IMPORTERS OF Waterbury Brass Co. CAPITAL, - - $400,000. Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brase, GERMAN SILVER, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire, BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, COPPER RIVETS & BURS, BRASS KETTLES, Door Rail, Brass Tags, PERCUSSION CAPS, POWDER FLASES, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Measures, é&c. And small Brass Wares of every Description. Cartridge Meta] in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. Sole Agents for the Capeweli Mfg. Co.’s Line of Sport- ing Goods and Wood’s Paper Shot Shells. DEPOTS: Mills At TI N as LAT E, 296 Broadway, New York, WATERBURY, Conn. 189 Eddy St., Providence, R. |. Manhattan Brass Co., Manufacturers of Olmsted Patent Oilers, Prior Patent Ollers Breughton Patent Oilers, Brass, Tin & Zinc Oilers, Brass Butt Hinges, Hurricane Lanterns, ROOFING PLATE, Sheet tron, Copper, Pig Tin, Wire, Zine, &c. MANUFACTURERS OF COPPER AND BRASS. NEW YORE. Sheet Brass, Brass Wire, Copper Wire, Copper Rivets, Brass Tubing, Zinc Tubing, Brown’s Patent Picture Hooks, Fire Sets, Fenders, &c. BRASS BLANKS AND TUBES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION TO ORDER. OFFICE AND WORKS, Ist Ave., 27th to 28th Sts., New York, THE NEW HAVEN COPPER CO., ( ‘LIFE STREET, SCOVILL MFC CO BRASS, HINCES, WIRE, CERMAN SILVER. PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS. BUTTONS, CLOTH AND METAL. —_>——— DEPOTS, FACTORIES, 419421 Broome St., N. Y, Waterbury, Conn, 177 Devonshire St., Bosten. Hew Haven, Conn, | 225 Pearl Street, New York. New York City. Manufacturers of and Dealers in 183 Lake St, Gileage. a DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO., Importers of Tia Plate, Pig Tin, Sheet Iron, Cooper, Wire, Zinc, Ete. Braziers’ & Sheathing COPPER. 0 & 05 Gi Gin, con. Baten, Kettle Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, Rivets, DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool. NEw vorK.| Ingot Copper, Spelter, Solder, &c. Established 1837. Incorporated 1876. WATERBURY MANUFACTURING 60., WATERBURY, CONN. Brass Machine Screws, Jack and Safety Chain, Bibb Screws and Springs, Whip Mountings, Chisel & Screw Driver Ferrules, Patented Articles, BRASS AND METAL GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. A. C. NORTHROP, | Waterbury, Conn., NOVELTIES IN BRASS AND OTHER METAL GOODS)Jon» FOR HARDWARE TRADE. on, Round and Square Head Cap and el Plated and Bronze Trimmings of all 5; Wrought Iron and Brass Machine Screws; Turned, Hex . & Set Screws; Brass and Iron Safety ana Jack Chain; Gilt, Nic kinds. from Sheet Iron, Steel or Brass, istimates on patented articles, or any description of Sheet Metal work, respectfully solicited and pe promptly given. 4. : ABRAM 8. HEWITT, President. JAMES HALL, Treasurer, ‘ i WM. HEWITT, Vice President. E. HANSON, Secretary. at TRENTON IRON COMPANY, es ‘ Pi b INCORPORATED 1847), TRENTON, NEW JERSEY, MANUFACTURERS OF IRON and STEELWIRE “a a; " OF ALL GRADES, > BRIGHT, ANNEALED, COPPERED, TINNED AND GALVANIZED; Iron and Steel Wire Rods; EXTRA QUALITIES OF BAR IRON AND RODS. Best Qualities of Gun-Screw and Charcoal lron Wire; | Crucible, Siemens-Martin and Bessemer Steel Wire. Wire Straightened and Cut to Lengths, Represented in New York by COOPER, 1 HEWI WITT & CO., a7 Barling Sip. BRODERICK & BASCOM, MANUFACTURERS OF IRON WIRE ROPE, 728 N, Main St., @ ak 4 AL re THE TRON AGE: December 16, 1880, FActals. Clive, etc. ThePlilume & Atwood —_ eat Mfg. Company, MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burs, Kerosene Burners, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 80 Chambers Street, New York. 13 Federal Street, Boston. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. Rolling Mill, | Factories, __ THOMASTON, Ct.| WATERBURY, » Cte Bridgeport Brass Co,, Sheet and Roll Brass, Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing, German Silver Metal and Wire, Copper and Iron Rivets. OILERS and CUSPADORES, | LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, LANTERNS and TRIMMINGS, | KEROSENE BURNERS, Clocks & Fly Fan Movements. | PLUMBERS’ MATERIALS, Particular attention paid to cutting out Blanks and manufacturing Metal Goods. MANUFACTORY, rsbitinln Conn. Harrison Wire Company, ST. LOUIS, MO. CHARLES F. oe eee e President & Secretary. PHILIP L. MOEN, President & Treasurer. Washburn & Moen Mfg. Co. Established, 1831, Capital, $1,500,000 WORCESTER, MASS. WIRE DRAWERS. Patent Galvaniring, Rolling and Tempering. MANUFACTURERS OF IRON, AND IRON AND STEEL WIRE. Of Every Description. | | ie \ | \ / { A SPECIALTY MADE OF GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH WIRE, } GALVANIZED TELEPHONE WIRE, PATENT STEEL WIRE BALE TIES, PATENT STEEL BARB FENCING, AND PUMP CHAIN. 8ST. LOUIS WAREHOUSE: 82 No. Second St. f SS ——, CHICAGO WAREHOUSE: 107 Lake St. NEW YORK OFFICE <1 Ciiff St, = , => > SSS); SSS O*# WAREHOUSE, 19 Murrey St., N. ¥. A. A, Lasar Secretary. Thos. W. Fircs, Prest. and Treas. O. 3. CHAMBERLAIN, Trav. Agent NATIONAL WIRE AND LANTERN WORKS, Warehouse, 45 Fulton Street, New York. HOWARD c& MORSE, Manufacturers of Brass, Copper and Iron WIRE CLOTII, Locomotive Spark Wire Cloth, Iron Wire Bolting Cloth, Ship and Railroad Lanterns, Signal Lights, Conductor’s Lantern ADJUSTABLE GLOBE HAND LANTERN, Desk and Office Railing, Riddles, Coal and Sand Screens, Nursery Fenders and Spark Guards, Ornamental Wire Fence. MANUFACTURERS OF All kinds of IRON & STEEL WIRE. Holmes, Booth & Haydens, WATERBURY, CONN. NEW YORK, BOSTON, 49 Chambers St. 18 Federal St. Manufacturers of all Kinds of . , Brass, Copper & German Silver, | = WO##S ROEBLING’S iy york office ROLLED AND IN SHEETS, 4? AND TRENTON, Warehouse , BRASS & COPPER WIRE, Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs. BRASS & IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. German Silver Spoons, SILVER PLATED FORKS & SPOONS, ____ Kerosene Burners, &c. JOHN DAVOL. & SONS, Brooklyn thon ca Copper Cov, Dealers in N. J. = ae =, 3 mi 117 Liberty Street, THE JOHN A. ROEBLING'S SONS CO,, WIRE ROPE GALVANIZED Iron, Steel and Copper | Telegraph Wire, Holsting senate of all Market Wire, kinds, for Ferries, Stays, Vineyard Wire. Ship Rigging, Sash Cords, Lightning HRods, &c., &c. Suspension Bridge Cables. GALVANIZED WIRE CLOTHES LINES. Tron and Steel WIRE Market Wire, Fence Wire Bridge Wire, Chain Wire, Buckle Wire, Spring Wire, Rivet Wire, &c., &c. Ingot Copper, ae Sees Tin, reenin yiuera| IRON AND STEEL WIRE ROPE PASSAIC ZING C0. For Hoisting, Running & Standing Ropes, Ferries, &c. Pure Spelter | Address, WAZARD MFG. CO., Wikesbarre, tzerne Co,, Pa. Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes AND ALL FINE WORK. Also for Galvanizers & Brass Founders. MANNING & SQUIER, Gen'l Agents, aa 3 Liberty siborty Street, x Y. Geo. W. Prentiss & Co.. HOLYOKE, MASS., FELTEN & GUILLEAUME, Cariswerk, near Cologne, Germany. PATENT CRUCIBLE STEEL WIRE, For Mining and Plow Ropes, Hawsers and Bridge Cables, SIEMENS-MARTIN AND BESSEMER STEEL WIRE, Flusseisen, Swedish and German CHarcoal Wire. GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH WIRE of Charcoal and Swedish Iron and Steel, also with high conductivity, and in long lengths GALVANIZED STEEL WIRE, For Plain, Barb and Strand Fencing, 3, ¢and 7-ply Sirand, Staples, &c. Annealed and Oiled Fencius ire, round and oval. WIRE ROPE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. TELEGRAPH CABLES. ments. The 2 odest house in the braneh on th¢ E. Contractors to the German and Foreign goveny ern ag 2 tinent. Telegraph Address, CAKL General Agents for U. S. and Canada, PERKINS & CHOATE, 23 Nassau St, N. Y: WIRE RAILING nn ee oe Bright, Coppered, Annealed and Tin Plated, Also GUN SCREW WIRE Of all sizes straightened and cut to order. J. WOOL GRISWOLD, | Seana be ar SE | The Schoenberg Metal Mfg. Co., | eed = Manufacturers of and Dealers in Manufacturer of P Ornamental | Wire, Works SOLDER, | Co LEt, |. seectct Manufacture WIRE RAILING for Geme sterile Stereotype, Blectrotspe and oes’ Metale, : Sand apd ‘ : bau pmporcers of Block Tin, Antimony of ae Sieves Fr ’ <3 end Le neler, &e. a hes 3 rice we sais Metals : : — = Woon a a ee ede, ap ai inds ot Droge. ana 550 E TROY, N. Y. Setters, &c Street, between Fant B, New » 16, 1880, | 4sOT II, rth, "s Lantern is, Nursery nce. York Office AND wrehouse , iberty Street, C0, d Steel RE Fence Wire Chain Wire, Spring Wire, Ces «ec. IES. PE rries, &€. ) Co., Pa. JME, WIRE, NIRE, WIRE mg lengths 9 nd Oiled Fen =S. St, N.Y, AILING J 5 Works CO-+-; t., Baltimore: Cemeteries, © I 3, Sand and ' 3edstead?, Cha! @ December 16, 1880. & C0., Manufacturers of all kinds of Tin Plated CAGES. Catalogues furnished to the trade. 254 Pearl St., NEW YORK. 81 Chambers St., N. Y. Waterbury, Conn. | Manufacturers of BRASS, COPPER AND GERMAN SILVER, In Sheets, Rolls, Rods, Wire, Tubing, Rivets and Burs, Etc. ALSO, Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. PATENTED SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER HOUSE BOILERS, warranted to stand 200 Ibs. pressure and guaranteed against vacuum, PATENTED SPRING TEMPERED SHANK, SILVER-PLATED, FLAT TABLE WARE, in rich designs. GERMAN SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS. POPE,COLE & Co. BALTIMORE COPPER WORKS, No. 57 South Gay St., BALTIMORE, MD., Have always on hand and for sale INGOT COPPER, Also Cakes, of unequaled pany and toughness. ~ WROUGHT-IRON BEDSTEADS. by the United States Government. 1CE CREEPERS to prevent falling on icy pavements. Can be attached =. to the heel of any boot or heavy shoe. Easily adjust- able when not in use. (Sample pair by mall, 25c ) “St aome2 FOUNDRY FACINGS, «eg Manufacturer of Patented Brass, Silver Plated and Japanned BIRD CAGES. |= Can be nested for ex B Port shipments, 103 & 105 William St., NEW YORK. a> Largest varie ty in patterns and unsurpassed in | low prices. New Lilustrated Catalogues and Price Lists on application. THE MONTOUR IRON & STEEL COMPANY, Works at Danville, Pa. ‘ RAILS —@ A general assortment of Mine and Narrow-Ga Rails kept on hand, from which shipments can made promptly. W. EB. C. COXE, President, Reading, Pa. 8. W. INGERSOLL, Treas., Philadelphia, Pa. F. P, HOWE, General Supt., Danville, Pa, —— 0. LINDEMANN Japanned, Brass & LLLRLAARLAEOLADEET sib tice gl cor Market Steel Wire, Crineline Wire, sembened and covered. Also Patent Tempered Steel ewe Springs, constantly on hand. 234, 236 and 238 West 29th Street, WESTON’S DIFFERENTIAL PULLEY BLOCKS. NEW YORK. SOLE MAKERS, YALE LOCK MANFC. CO., Office & Works, STAMFORD, CONN. SALESROOMS : 63 CHIIAMBERS ST., \GO7 MARKET 36 PEARL ‘G4 LAKE NEW YORK. PHILADELPHIA. STREET, BOSTON. STREET, CHICAGO. BROWN & BROTHERS, |Stanley Rule & Level | MANUFACTURERS OF Improved Carpenters’ Tools. Manufacturers of Bailey’s Patent Adjustable ents for the sale cf Leonard Bailey Z Co.'s ** Vleet Manufacturers of ** Defiane New Britain, Conn. WAREROOMS, 29 Chambers St., New York, tor Pla 29 e*? Patent Adjustable Planes, oe This Advertisement is Changed Every Week. D..G, GAUTIER, Chairman, D, J, MORRELL, Treasurer, CHAS. DOUGLASS, Gen’! Supt. GAUTIER STEEL CO, LIMITED. STEEL, WIRE and SPRINGS. WORKS, JOHNSTOWN, PENN. »NLY,; Philada, Warehouse, 505 Commerce St. WiILLIiAnN VOGEL, Manufacturer of Plain and Stamped The eheones st and best Beds In the market. Adopted TINWARE, SEAMLESS BOXES, ROUND, OVAL Eastern Warehouse, 93 John St. AND SQUARE CANS. Special Articles lll gous of Sheet Metals. 41,43 & 45 South 9th Street, Near the Ferries,s BROOKLYN (E. D.), N. ¥. HENRY J. VOGEL. EL LOUIS KH. VOGEL. MOULDING SAND Albany Sand a Specialty. Shovels, Riddles, Brushes, &c. WHITEHEAD BROS, ti AMERICAN FACING CO. WM". WHITEHEAD, Treas., 5617 W. 15th St., New York, Established 1810, N. &6, TAYLOR CO, PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers, Importers and Dealers in ODD AND REGULAR SIZES TIN AND ROOFING PLATES Black and Galvanized Sheet Iron, Metals, Wire, Copper Stamped Ware, Registers, &e. : — THE IRON AGE. CARY & MOEN, Manufacturers of SvEst WIRE forall purposes and STEEL SPRINGS of every description. and brass. It is a hydraulic machine and operated by hand, the strain on the speci- men being communicated, by means of tools, to a system of levers terminating with the weighing beam. The strain is registered by the two poises, no loose weights being re- quired, as in the old-fashioned machines. The hydraulic power is considered prefera- ble by many to screw power, mainly on ac count of the slowness of operation, as the tools have to be moved both ways by the screw, while in this machine, when the specimen has been tested and the tools, con- sequently, are drawn down, the lever shown below in the engraving is counterweighted and returns at once, without any exertion or delay, to its proper position. During the process of testing, the power and weighing systems both are operated simultaneously, as the weighing beam must be kept in per- fect equipoise. The power is required to take up the slack when the specimen stretches, and the levers and weighing beam must denote the strain that the speci men is being subjected to. This make of testing machine has been before the public for a number of years, and from time to time has been considerably improved upon. The one shown is considered by the makers the best yet presented by them, as it embodies the advantages contained in their former ones of this size, with some of the defects elimi nated. An ingenious form of wedge grip, devised by one of the firm, prevents any uneven pulling of the specimens, particu larly in flat specimens, when, as is some times the case, the density of the material is greater on one side than on the other, and, consequently, the wedges allow the test piece to slip before it is firmly gripped. - oe Reading's Coal Lands. The Harris report on the value of the coal lands of the Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Company is an interesting docu ment. Mr. Harris refers in his openiag to the fact that in 1876 Henry Pleasant, the late chief engineer of the company. made a calculation of the coal contents of the com. pany’s lands, which placed it at 4.476,000,000 tons. In July, 1879, Mr. Harris states that he estimated that 1,189,000,000 tons could be shipped from the company’s estate. Early in 1880 the company’s engineers esti mated the contents at 1,208,258,000, or a yield of 27 per cent. of the coal existing in the lands. In regardto the market value of the estate, he says that it is impossible for such an estate to have a market value. No purchaser could be found for so vast a property as a whole, and if it were broken up into tracks it would require a long period to dispose of it. Their true value, he holds, is undoubtedly a factor of the coal tonnage they can produce, but the relation between the two is not an easy one to find. In regard to the coal the estate can be made to yield, Mr. Harris says : ‘‘ The Lehigh region is estimated to pass its maximum in the next decade, and thence to decline steadily in shipments. The Wy oming region is estimated to reach its maximum in about 20 years, an the Scuy! kill region in about 50 years. The com pany’s estate should attain its greatest de velopment about the same time, its largest annual output being placed at about 13, 300,- 000 tons, at which figure it will stand fo about 30 years, and from which it will fall off at about the same rate it rose, till 1990, after which time no estimate is made of the product of the estate. The estimate of the company’s tonnage is based on a careful examination of its property, locating the proposed collieries where they will be best calculated to develop it economically, and arranging the dates of opening so that the cost of improvements shall not bear too heavily at any time, nor the tonnage in- crease more rapidly than a market can be found for it. ‘This estimate was made inde pendently by the company’s engineers, and as it shows that their estate will ship a gen erally increasing percentage of the Schuyl- kill region, the two estimates may be con sidered to fit well together. This develop- ment of the estate will be cgnsidered as being as rapid as probably can be made, when we reflect that in the years from 1871 to 1876, when the company’s credit was good, and when every nerve was strained to place the estate in a position to make large ship ments, there was expended in opening new collieries and repairing old ones the sum of $3,341,732.98, while the expenditures on new collieries in the future must be made out of earnings, without increasing the capital account.’ Mr. Harris reaches the conclusion that it would be unwise to expect any profit greater than 30 cents per ton fora term of years Mr. Harris then estimates the actual value of Reading’s coal estate to be $30,668,525, while Mr. Gowen claims it is $75 000 ,O8O He also suggests that the company should surrender tracks of land which are bur densome to carry, and to endeavor to make better terms for those not so cumbersome He also advises that the company insist upon a reduction of the interest on the pur chase money below 6 percent. He th inks that the Reading Company need not fear rivals, owing to the fact that it will take many years to develop the lands, while in the meantime the company can develop other parts of the estate. The mistake of the company, Mr. Harris puts forth, has been in the attempt to monopolize anthra cite. The present policy should be to retain coal enough to last 100 years and surrender the remainder. In conclusion, Mr. Harris advises the company to mine its own coal. mI The Director of the Mint’s inquiries into the annual production of the precious metals in this country have convinced him that in arts and manufactures the United States employ about $10, 000,000 worth of gold and about $5,000,000 worth of silver a year. France absorbs about the same quantity, and the two countries employ the half of what is used in this way in the civilized world, The thread for the glass cloth now made at Pittsburgh is drawn out of a molten bar, by means of a rapidly revolving wheel, the rate of 2000 yards a minute. The weav ing is done on looms, about the same as with silk. The coloring is done with minerals when the glass is originally melted. Papers on Practical Founding.—X I. BY EDWARD KIRK, GROUND AND BOLTED SAND In order to produce first-class work mar of our large stove founders have resorted to drying, grinding and bolting all their mold ing sand. This gives the sand a very { appearance and is a good way of tery i it when new, as it breaks up all the hard lumps and takes out all the roots and worm but, so far as making smoother castings ji concerned, the grinding and boltin i the sand isa useless expense, for after it ] been used once the sand balls and forms into hard lumps, and is just as bad as, if 1 worse than, if it had not been bolted I} finer surface given to the castings by it more imaginary than real ; for, if two fil class molders are put to work on the san quality of sand, one on a heap that has and the other on a heap that has not been ground and bolted, the best stove critic in tl country cannot tell, by looking at the cast ings, Which molder has the sand heap that has been ground and bolted. On the othe hand, if a poor molder were given the polted and a good inolder an unbolted sand heap, a stove critic would say that the od molder had the bolted heap, for he would certainly make the better castings our stove founders have found this out, and at the present time more of them are taki stock in good molders than in ground and holted sand. In Albany, N. Y., one of tl leading stove manufacturing cities of th country, where in times past all the \ founders ground and bolted their sand, and thought that a stove could not be made wit] out, these operations have been entirel abandoned. ‘To-day there is not a stove founder in Albany who uses bolted sand in his foundry. In Troy, N. Y., another large stove manufacturing city, where the found ers ground and bolted all their sand, I be lieve there is only one of them who uses volteld sand at the present time in m stove foundries the sand is put into the heaps just as it comes from the sand bank ; but if this new sand were riddled to remove the roots and worms, the different strata would be thoroughly mixed, the sand weuld work better and there would be fewer cast ings lost from new sand. I think riddlin new sand would be as good as bolting it PATTERNS. In stove founding every casting is mad after a pattern, and the making of the pat terns is one of the most important parts of the business, for upon the perfection of the patterns depends the perfection of the cast ings. In no other branch of founding are perfect patterns and perfect castings so im portant a matter as in stove founding. In making stove patterns several important points are to be considered ; among these is the proper draft to be given to every part of the pattern. Instove, as in allother found ing, one part of the mold is formed in the cove and the other in the drag of the flask, and the line at which the sand of the e pe and drag meet on the pattern is called the parting line, From this line the edges or small projections on the pattern are drafted or slightly tapered each way, so that when the cope is lifted off all the sand may be lifted clean from around the small ribs er any part of the pattern that may project from the parting line into the cope Lhis allows the pattern to be withdrawn from the sand in the drag without tearing up any of the small points of the mold. ‘The pat terns for stove founding are given more draft than those for machine founding, for when a small point of sand is broken off n a mold it is almost impossible to replac it with a tool so that the mold will he as accurate as if formed by the pattern. Now, in stove founding the castings must be ex actly like the pattern, for stoves are de- sig med to be put together without any filing, planing or fitting of the joints. The least variation of the casting from the pat tern, or the least imperfection of the pat tern, causing the same imperfection in the casting, make it more difficult to fit the different parts of the stove togethe: and necessitate a great deal of chippin or filing Each pattern should, therefor: be made with as much draft as is con sistent with the other parts of the stove, and all sharp angles should be avoided as far as possible, as the sand cannot be made to lift or draw out of them without a creat deal of rapping and jarring of the pattern, which makes the casting too heavy The nextimportant point is to have thy patterns perfectly smooth, so that they may leave the sand freely without adhering to it and tearing up any part of the mold when they are withdrawn. It is important, also, that the pattern be made so that the molten metal will flow with equal facility into all parts of the mold, and so that the castin may be of such proportions that it will not | broken or cracked by uneven. shrinka when cooling. Molten iron may be mack hot and fluid that it will flow as readily a water: vet, unlike water, it will not into a small as freely as into a large open ing, even if the small opening be on the sam level as the large one, and the pressure tl forces the metal into the openings be tl same. The thinner the pattern the thim ind smaller will be the opening in the that forms the mold, and the more diff it will be to force the molten iron int mok Itis harder to make a plate f square and one-eighth of an inch thick t) itis to make one*2 feet square and th) sixteenths thick ; yetit is more difticul make a plate 2 feet square and three sis teeuths thick in some parts, and one-eig in cthers, than it is to make a plate on one-eighth of an inch thick al! over. for the plate of varying thickness, the heay p rtions draw allthe metal from t) ones, and the instant metal sto; a light mold it is chilled by the day on each side of it In castin 1 pla uneven thickness, large vates miust by and the metal must be put inte th quickly is j ossible to prevent the fl being checked by the thin port mold, and thus forming holes in th: ’ ing. But these heavy gates and hea, in the plate often draw and twist : so that it cannot be used in a stovy Ph is true of any pattern in astoy whet] is a flat plate or not ; the heavy parts draw ot SO eee sks Nett nl a A. THE IRON AGE. December 16, 1880, eon, Xvor, | Xvon. Xvon. Evo. a? NEW YORK. _ NEW YORK. _ NEW YORK. —~- PITTSBURGH. PITTSBURGH. W. D. WOOD & 6. oy and Rallroad Iron, And Railroad Equipment. WINDOW GLASS, GAS PIPE & BORAX, PITTSBURGH, PA. PATENT Planished Sheet Iron. Patented March 11th, 1865 ; April 8th, 1878 ; Sept. 9th, 1873; Uct. 6th, 1874; Jan. 11, 1876. Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to the IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, and at a much less price, FOR SALE, by all the principal METAL DEALERS In the Large cities througheut THE UNITED STATES. And at their Office, 1B SNOW SHOES Ft B ROADSTER 2 | PATTERN. Orders heneper * filled from stock. “ABEEL BROTHERS, C. A. von Bonnhorst. R A, Wilson, Extra Quality Homogeneous Stee! BLOOMS AND ORE, 88 Fourth ave., cor. Wood st., Pittsburgh, STEEL PLATES, all descriptions. John |. Williams. Henry M. Long, Nathan M, McDowell, successors to GAM’. G. SMITH & CU., IRON MERGHANTS, |, 0s emo on, cCMIMON AND REFINED sS00P, BAND AND SCROLL IRON, BLOCK TIN, LEAD, SPELTER, ANTIMONY, NICKEL, &c Swedes and Nerway Iron, Norway Nail Rods, | Pennocks, 558, 560, 562 WATER BT., and 302, 904, 306 CHERRY 8T., Scotch and American Pig Iron, Wrought, Cast and Brands of Iron. Alsoall descriptions of Plate, Sheet, amas Scrap Iron, Car-Whee 24 Broadway, New York City. | and Gasometer Iron. Special attention to Locomotive Lead. Pewter. Lead. Pewter, dine, & COMMON & REFINED IRON, | Scrolls, Ov 4 Half Ovals, Half Rounds, Hexagon and C U t N a } if Hoops, Rods, Scrolls, Bands, Ovals, Hors se Shoe Iron. Also from C harec paddled superior TER, our Agent, at 50 J /MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, 190 South Street and 365 Water, N. Y. Ist and 2d Qualities. A full assortment of all sizés constantly on hand. CORRUGATED SH FET IRON For Roofing, &c., Galvanized, Plain or Painted. i Common Iron, Best Charcoal, Best Refined and Common 2 lron, all ta iy Norway Nail Rods, IRON & STEEL, Anthracite & BAR IRON. 28 & 29 West and 52 Washineton bu. Charceal Pig Irons, Mod and Horse Shoe Iron, peal yy gh & Girder Iren, HARRISON & GILLOON = ire 0 of all f1ze6 and shapes made to o rde r. a | 6“ Eureka 9” : NEW YORE, Axles and oeery ES: Fire Box Iron & specialty. |. ‘ROME MERCHANT I IRON MILLS, OXFORD IRON CO., o « Wey rd i} eC e ole tee rs Die a grade of (B. G. CLARKE, Receiver,) | de ality of Iron brande ‘d J.G Horse Shoe, Nall Rods, 90 Beekman St., New York Ctiy, S r | K E Ss. | Established 1765 by ABEEL & BYVANCK, NEW YORK. Gaivanized Wire, Telegraph and Fence ; vy Refined Iron, Band, Hoop and Scroll Iron, SHEET IRON. Norway Shapes, GGDEN & WALLACE, ‘A. B. Warner & ;Son,) John W. Quincy, cy, 85,87,89 & 91 ELM ST.,N. ¥. Wrought Surap, Out Nails, Copper, SHEET AND PLATE IRON, B BOILER PLATE, Angle and T Iron, Rivets ed " oe? IRON AND METAL DEALERS, P| ERSO N & 6 0) ny ” Wawasset, . Lukens, neve on hand, and Offer for sale, the following: ht Iron; also > a Copper, Composition, B | 'B Bar Iron, Bands and Fine Hoops. u — by CAIEPE NTER, may be sent to the Teas Steel, &c. Seieet, “New York. MANUFACTURER AND DEALER, |J- S. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, lron Merchants, Galvanized Sheet Iron, 3 U LST = R { oF O N Hoop and Bana Iron, G alvanized Rod and Bar Fad U R D E iw y | Pipe alvanized Nails, G alvanized Chain, Galvanized Lron Horse-Shoe Iron, Sheet Iron, Plate and Tank Iron, _ oe, a Spring and Tire a Tire Steel, ete. CN ‘ H No. 1, C H No. 1 Flange, Best Flange, Best Tiatige Fire Box, Circles BOILER IRON Stamped and Guaranteed. All descriptions of Iron Work Galvanized or Tinned to order. _ Prive list list and d quotations sent upon | application. ron _W. BAILEY LANG, Sole Agent In United States & Canada for A. R. Whitney, Manufacturer of and Dealer in IRON, | 66, 58 & 60 Hudson, s s 48, 50 & 52 Thomas, and Boiler Rivets a 12, 14 &16 Worth Sts. NEWYORK. L O W- Ni O O ve , nue Som, mn, Gocend Avenue. Successors to ——=| CAYLORD ROLLINC MILL Co., Our specialty a Manufacturing Iron Used in the Con- struction of Fire-Proot Buildings, IRON COMPANY, Bridges, &c. Plans and estimates furnished, and contracts made | NO. 50 BEEKMAN ST., NEW YORK. ti Iron Structures of ever escription., | Bo. it+ containing cuts of all Iron made sent onap-| JAMES W ILLIAMSON & CO., plication by mai Sample pieces a office. Please address 58 Hudson Street. BORDEN & LOVELL, Commission Merchants Williams, Long & McDowell, CoC. RANE, Manufacturers of Merchant Bar and Skelp Iron, Sheets and Plates of all sizes, | Office, No. 87 Water Street, PIC IRON, BLOOMS, AND ORE. PITTSBURGH, PA. Manufacturers of Siemens-Martin (Open Hearth) Burden Iron Works, H. Burden & Sons, — TroyyNeYe EGLESTON BROS. & CO., 166 South Street, NEW YORK CITY. Agricultural and Machinery Steel and Steel Tire. SCOTCH AND AMERICAN Pp t CG { R O N, 267 Front Street, } No. 69 Wall St., New York, BURDEN’S 70 &71 West St, ULSTER IRON WORKS. A¥. B. & S. Wy Bese f New York. 18 Wall St., New York. - i i. Lovell, Agents for the sale of -—-—— ULSTER BAR IRON, Fall River Iron Co.’s Nails, Tuckerman, Mulligan & Co All sizes and shapes in stock, Bands, Hoops & Rods. Ref'd Iron.C ven k Axo Passaic Rolling Mill Co NN eae Morton B. Smita, Borden Mining Company’s PATERSON, N Cumberland Coals. WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., Iron B ridge Builder IRON MERCHANTS | Beams, Channels, Angles, Cor. Albany & Washington Sts., TEs, NEW YORK CITY. Merchant Iron, &c., &c. MM. H. WALLACE. Wu. BisPHaM. - ‘ati pret ee ew York Office, Room 45, Astor House. B. ¥F. JU SON, WATTS COOKE, Presiden Importer of and Dealer in W. O. FAYERW EATHER, , Treasurer, SCOTCH AND AMERICAN CA oS to WO & New : = i S IL 7 c> ri . 130, RMICHAEL & EMMENS, W. Ss. MIDDLETON, Wrouglit & Cast Scrap Iron, IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATE | Broker in Machinery & Iron Spikes, Fish Bars and Bolts. Office and Works : PORTSMOUTH, OFTIO. J. C. LEWIS. GEO. 8. LEWIS Pres’t and Gen’l 1 Sup’ t. Sec’ y and Treas REPRESENTING GOTHENBURG, Company, 2116 MARKET STREET, ST. LOUIS, MO. Henry M. FILiey, Joun D. FILiey, Agency of President. Secretary N. M. HOGLUND’S SONS & CO., Stockholm. | ii ae Swedish & Norway Iron Malleable and @ray Rew ork an and r'Punedelphia.§ See Ry Jron C astin gs, GENERAL HARDWARE, &c. SWEDEN. "9! Dan’. W. RICHARDS. DAN’L W. RICHARDS & CO,, Pig lron and Bar Iron, Scrap Iron, Scrap Steel, Old Rails and Old Metals, 88 to 96 Mangin St., New York. GUSTAF LUNDBERG, ;3 Kilby st., Boston fie: T POTTS, Philadelphia Agent, 234 & 236 N. Established 1828. Manufacturers of Merchant Iron, Universal Mill Iron and Nails of Superior Quality and Finish. Orders for odd sizes Iron filled promptly. | Lap-Welded Boiler Tubes, &c., &c, Agent for 2; tT cS ck: Cc cC> 0 L D M K T A L S. | Te Cont oe Otis? ce let rates Ac vast Book Be oiler Plates, FORSTER’S CRUSHER & PULVERIZER, =» on eink Whine Laurel Rolling Mills, and Union Tube Works ; Wrought The best in market. Corner 13th and Etna Streets, PITTSBURGH, PA. 4 ater St., ron Beams, Ang Rivets, ¢ pes oo ee = i . . .¥. —_—_— Se 233 £253 Sou seri NEW YORK,“ W. ADAMS, Se BeSOm BURG IRen WORKS. DANIEL F. COONEY, | peau Glengarnock and Carnbroe SCOTCH PIG IRON, KIRKPATRICK & CO., Manufacturers of all grades of FINE SHEET IRONS, (Refined, Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Iron, &c.) (Late ef and Successor to Jas. H. Holdane & Ce. SS Washington St. BOILER PLATES and SHEET IRON, | RAILWAY, PIG AND SCRAP IRON, FOREIGN AND AMERICAN LAP WELDED BOILER FI timates furnished for all kinds of Iron Work. NATURAL GAS USED AS FUEL, Osler Guts; Save 6 Toe, a Sree oe oo OFFIOE, No, 143 First Ave. Pittsburgh, Pa. WORKS, Leechburg, Po . Age on ke mill miro wm CO. n Works, 1 Iron trot D. L. COBB. ‘NE W YORK. For spot delivery and for prompt or forward i. eee a. 42banon ing Mi in re “ or vaurel Irou aon is ; . ee a ee ANDREW KLOMA N, P. W. GALLAUDET, * S. A. LISSBE RGER, Baltimore or New Orleans. Banker and Note Broker, IRON & METAL DEALER, For sale in lots to suit by PITTSBURGH, PA., 511 and sig to s2g East 19th St., New York, MANUFACTURER OF No 3 and 5 Wall Street, have . he — and « fT “rx for sale . the follo »wing: JAMES LEE & co., h and American Pig Iron, Wrought, Cast NEW YORK. and Mac ‘hinery Scrap Iro yn, Car Whe els,Axlesand| Sele Agents for the United States, Heavy Wre pught Iro mm: alsc Steel and lron Structural Material 5 : “nam old me opper, Composi HARDWARE, METAL, IRON RUBBER, SHOE, tion, Hrass, Lead, Pewter Zine, Pp - PAPER AND PAPER-HANGINGS, LUMBER, COAI ae. _ 72 Pine Street, New York. AND PAILROAD PAPER WANTED. » a EYE BAR BLANK AS IT LEAVES THE ROLLS, a - CUT NAILS oe Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &c. : AILS, SWEDISH “ae, sat lve nok” FULLER BROTHERS & CO., SCRAP IRON and OLD RAILS ¢, f, and |, to} America, or £, 0, b, English ports 139 Greenwich Street, New York, EY® BAR FINISHED FROM THE SAME. Kloman Patent Solid Rolled Eye Bars, finished in Iren or Steel without welding or “ upsetting. eel. Steel Rails of all sizes and patterns, Splice Bars, Chapne Universal Mill Plates of [ron or § Teed Bars for Thielsen Car Truck, SPECIALTY—Unusual shapes and sizes in Steel or Iron; Angles and other structural shapes in Iron or Steel. A. @. HATRY, Commission Merchant, Bar, Sheet, Tank, Boiler, Angle, T, Nails & Spikes Steel & R. R. Supplies, iil Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA.|> |= EL TOE CALKS. R. A. WILSON & CO., BOILER PI T PIG IRON, Iron and Steel Rails, All Sizes, A : Cut Nails and Spikes, Plate and Sheet Keystone Rolling Mill, SHOENBERGER & co,, "2" OLD RAILS, SCRAP IRON, STEEI, Pittsburgh, Pa Portsmouth Iron and Steel Co., STEEL BOILER PLATE, Also, Homogeneous Iron Boiler Plate and Rivets, Merchant Bar, Hoop and Sheet Iron, Wrought Ekman&Co. s+ Louis Malleable Iron SABLE IRON & NAIL WORKS GER) AMEH PLU STOV J. Rails I General JAME 4 Ana fitted w Urea, Si roe lis 6, 1880, \LKS. $ Steel ATE criptions. and Sheet be ittsburgh, Pa, E, |, STEEL, teel Co., ILL CO., 2arth) LATE, pry Steel te and Rivets, ron, Wrought OHIO. ). 8. LEWIS y ons Treas le le Iron REET, . D. FILLey, Secretary Gray 1Z8, RE, &C, RKS tron sh. 5 a, PA-_ RKS- I £3, Iron, &¢.) reechburg, P4 gor * 2 © Bars. Teed ron; Angle’ December 16, 18€9. ——— Xratt. PHILADELPHIA. XvON. __ PHILADELPHIA. Siemens’ Regenerative GAS FURNACE. RICHMOND & POTTS, PHILADELPHIA, PA. | HENRY LEVIS & CO., Manufacturers’ Agents For Iron and Steel Raila, Gar Wheels, Boiler and Sheet ae a Gemeral Railway Old Rails, Axles, aaa a Wheels bought and sok. 419 8. Fourth St. 234 8. 4th St., Philadelphia, The Cambria Iron and Steel Works The Cambria iron an Works, Having enjoyed for over TWENTY YEARS the reputation of producing the best quality ef RAILS, have now an annual capacity of 100,000 Tons of Iron and Stee! Rails, Splice Bars, &e. ADDRESS, CAMBRIA IRON COMPANY, No, 218 South 4th Street, Philadelphia. Or at the Works, JOHNSTOWN, PA. Or LENOX SMITH, New York Selling Agent, 46 Pine St., N. ¥. — THE PHCNIX IRON CO., 410 Walnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. Manufacturers of Wroaght Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CU RVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. WROUCHT IRON ROOF TRUSSES, CIRDERS & JOISTS, d all kinds of Iron Framing used in the construc tion of Fire Proof Buildings, PATENT WROUGHT IRON COLUMNS, WELDLESS EYE BARS, and built up shapes for Iron Bridges. BEFINED BAR, SITAFTING, and every variely of SHAPE IRON made to order, Plans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. NEW YORK AGENTS, MIL LiKEN & SMITH, 05 Liberty Street. BOSTON AGENTS, FRED, A. HOU DLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ALAN WOOD 1D & CO,, MANUFACTURERS OF zed, Common, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charcoal Bleom Patent Planished, Galvani PLATE cc SHEET IRON, No. 519 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water Pipe, Smoke Stack, Orders solicited oqpodialy tive Headlight and Jacket Iron. i engine genome Stamping, Ferrule, Locomo eniae Iron, Steel & Nail Works, 920 North Delaware Ave., - - PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of the Anvil Brand Refined Merchant Bar Iron. Also, the James Rowland & Co. Kensington Nails, cut from their Refined Anvil stock. Also, Plow and Cultivator Steel, Rounds, Squares, Flats, Bands and Hoop Iron. Correspondence with Dealers solicited. PENCOYD IRON WORKS. A. & P. ROBERTS & 00.,_, 1 Manufacturers of CAR ASLES. Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. . re L BAR, ANGLE, TEE AND CHANNEL IRON. Office, No, 265 S. Fourth 8t., Philade!phia. MANUFACTURERS OF FOUNDRY FACINGS. AND FOUNDRY SUPPLIES. —QL{Y————___— MOULDING SAND A SPECIALTY. Albany, Crescent, Tullytown and Lumberton Sands. GERMAN LEAD, BITUMEN, SIEVES, MACHINERY SAND, AMERICAN LEAD, ANTHRACITE, SHOVELS, BRASS SAND, PLUMBAGO, CHARCOAL, BRUSHES, CHANDELIER SAND, STOVE PLATE, MINERAL, CRUCIBLES, STOVE PLATE SAND, od. W. PAXSON & CO,, i sus, 516 and 518 beach Bt. PHILADELPHIA, PA, “ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILL COMPANY, Manufacturers of Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn Tables. General Office, 237 South Third St., Philadelphia. Works at Allentcwn, Pa. JAMES C. BOOTH. THOMAS H, GARRETT. ANDREW A. BLAIR, BOOTH, CARRETT & BLAIR, Analytical and Consulting 919 and 921 Chant St. (10th St. above Chestnut St.), PHILADELPHIA, PA. Established in 1836. Analyses of Ores, Waters, Metals and Alloys of all kinds. A special department for the ANALYSIS OF IRON AND STEEL, fitted with all the apparatus and appliances for the rapid and accurate analysis of am Steel, Iron Ores, Slags, Limestones, Coals, Clays, Fire Sands, &c. A}! analyses made by the members of the fiym, Prige list¥ on epplication, THEH IRON AGE: Chemists, , 5 a tii iis sie __ evan, Xron. + metal from the light parts in the mold, and draw ahd ttrist them in the casting, caus eee ec - aes ing trouble in mounting the stoves. To avoid ‘Bdward | J. Etting, SUSTICE COX, Jr. CHARLES K. BARNS, the ‘se trebles the patterns should be made IRON BROKER anv COMMISSION MERCHANT, JUSTICE COX, JR. & C0. of &s even a thickness as possible. If the 230 S. Third St., Philade