The Iron Age 1880-09-30: Vol 26 Iss 14

he er The Iron Age A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. Published every Thursday Morning by DAVID WILLIAMS, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Vol. XXVI: No. 14 A Comparison of Certain Forms of Ports for Steel Melting Furnaces,* BY P. BARNES, SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS. The object of this paper is to make a brief comparison of the outlines of several forms of ports for steel melting furnaces, in reference, chiefly, to the proper mixture of the gas and air, and to the direction in whitch the flame is thrown down into the | y interior of the furnace. In the accompanying illustrations, Fig. 1 | Fig. 5 and the earlier forms of roof for a! thrown upon the roof may be made as an Fig. 1.—St. Chamond Pernot Botton shows a form of port designed by M. Pernot, of St. Chamond, France. This is used with the dome roof preferred by him for the re- volving bottom that bears his name. From Fig. 1 has been derived Fig. 2. This is | shown on the plans of Mr. A. L. Holley, and from them three furnaces have been built and put into operation by the Spring- field Iron Co. Fig. 3 shows an outline pro- | posed by Messrs. Richmond & Potts for the Pernot Furnace. In this the ports are | brought in under an arched roof of nearly | the ordinary form, instead of over the top of the roof, as with the dome of M. Pernot. Fig. 4 shows a furnace as built by Krupp, of Essen, Prussia, for fluid refining, or ‘‘ washing ’—to use the briefer French term. In this the gas and air come into contact in broad sheets, one above the other. Fig. 5 shows the form used by Messrs. Richmond & Potts, in recent drawings for a furnace with a fixed bottom. Fig. 6 shows a plan of Mr. S. T. Wellman, of Cleveland, Ohio, for | a similar fixed furnace. These outlines are all taken from plans | prepared for actual construction, and though they may not be absolutely like any given furnace, they nevertheless represent ac- curately the different views of men of ex- perience and good judgment. The outline of the port hole in Fig. 2 in the dome roof has been made more nearly a semicircle, but in other respects Fig. 2 shows the arrange- ment now in actual use. In general terms the office of these parts may be stated to be, first, to lead the gas and air to the point or place of actual con- tact or mixture ; second, to cause their in- timate mixture, and hence their complete combustion ; third, to direct the resulting column or body of flame downward at the most effective angle on to the bed or the contents of the furnace ; and, fourth (second- arily), to lead away the waste gas, and thus, by absorption of the waste heat, to aid in regeneration at each reversing. Of these points only two and three call for special consideration in this paper. It is probable that this complete and intimate mixture is more fully promoted by causing the currents of air cull don to strike each other forcibly, asin Fig. 2, than by the more quiet diffu- sion of their currents, as in Fig. 3, and the difference between Figs. 2 and 3 in this re- spect is remarkable. , It is certain that they nhust strike each other from the sharp con- vergence of the horizontal portways through Which they pass, and the needful velocity may always be derived from the gas-cooling tube leading from the producers, and alsu from the simple draft of air upward through the hot regenerator. The inclosed, though *Read before the American Institute of Bngineere at the Lake Superior meeting. New York, ample, space in which the mixture actually occurs insures a complete whirl or reverber- ation which, in all furnaces, is so effective a means of promoting combustion. By the inclosing port walls the combined jet or col- umn of flame is thrown almost vertically down on the bath of metal, or on to the bottom of the furnace before the metal is charge’. This necessity lof giving a sharp downward pitch to the flame has been more fully recognized of late ears than formerly, and to those familiar | with the subject, the difference between i. Fig. 2.—Springfield Iron Fig. 5.—Plan and Section of Richmond & Potts Fixed Bottom. fixed furnace in this respect will be very apparent. From the actual use of one of the Pernot furnaces, as shown in Fig. 2, for a considerable time by the Springfield Iron Company, it would seem that there is but little remaining to be desired in its working in respect to itemstwoand three. It appears quite certain that by this direct and strong impingement of the flame body upon the revolving bottom (which may very properly be corapared to the effect of ‘a blow pipe), a considerable gain may be made in the time required for melting. This occurs, too, without any excess of waste by the oxi- Thursday, Septembe dation of the metal. By the revolution of the furnace bottom a fresh portion of the surface of the pile of pig iron or scrap is brought at each moment under the flame jet, and as this direct exposure is but fora very brief space of time, it is believed that | a much higher average temperature can be | maintained in the furnace while melting | than with the non-rotating bottom, in which the softening metal must lie constantly in | the same position in reference to the incom- | ing flame. It is also certain that quite an important saving in the intensity of the heat Company. PORTS OF OPEN-HEARTH STEEL FURNACES. indirect result of this positive deflection of the fame upon the mass of metal. Hence the durability of the roof is largely pro- moted, even after it has become consider- ably wasted. This saving is promoted, too, by the comparative ease of repair of the cover and a of the port space, by which this deflection of the flame is effected, even up to the limit of endurance of the roof. This general conveniencs of repair of the Pernot roof has already been amply described by Mr, Holley, in a recent paper read before the American Institute of Mining Engineers, | Another point worthy of mention is that | lating valves and damper are skillfully| ¢ weer, r 30, 1880. ee / Fig. 6, if the roof and ports both are badly worn, so that an incomplete mixture of the gas'‘and air occurs in the port space above the dome, there yet remains the definite and (when the furnace is very hot) the almost violent con- tact of the combined column of gas and air with the hot surface of the metal, to pro- mote and maintain the needed complete combustion and the consequent high tem perature. It would also seem certaln that the form of port shown in Fig. 2 is as effective a means as any could be of counteracting the loss of heating power due to a rise of the } t ' - —Wellman Mixed Bottom. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. 84.50 a Year, Including Postage, Single Copies, Ten Cents. |handled. It is true that the furnaces of which parts are shown are not all exactly of the same size, but they are nearly so, and all are of large capacity, Nos. 1 and 2 being | fully equal to melting 18 to 20 tons at one heat. Hence the details shown may be | very properly taken as comparable with each other, and also as worthy of careful | study for economy’s sake. It is hardly needful to say that the con- siderations thus advanced are probably iden- tical with those upon which this form of con- struction was reasoned out and developed by Mr. Pernot some four or five years ago. It Fig. 4.—Krupp Washing Furnace. is true, however, that comparative criticism, even of useful and successful details of con- struction, may often lead to further im- provement by astatement of the principles involved and the steps traced in their de- velopment. The interest of the Springfield Iron Co, in a critical examination of such details may be inferred from the fact that they have in actual use, for heating and melting, 14 gas furnaces (9 being of the largest size) and 48 gas producers. Theirs is one of the largest plants of this kind of gas apparatus im the country at the present time, a — August Exports of English Iron to this Country.—The appended figures, taken from the British Board of ‘Trade re- turns, show the quantities, &c., of the principal exports of iron and steel to this country from the United Kingdom during August, 1550, as compared with the same month of last year, and also as compared with the figures of July, 1880 : - Month cf Month ot .nonth o Articles July August, August, 1882 18 1579 Pig, tons er Bar, angle, rod, &c., ? “ oe tons r 524 1,2 S16 Railroad, all, tons 14,84 1¢ 47! loops, sheets, ' om __ plates, &c., tons 3.61 1,057 ? Tin plates, tons 11,186 1¢ 14 : Cast or wrought, tons 1,968 5,768 2,0 (ld, tons 2,606 4,151 1 : eel, unwroug ht — Ons 1,433 Irm® rails, tons 5 4,449 ry Sted rails, tons , 4 4 4 a Pht Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton a ; Railroad, being the great inlet to Cincinnati from tle North, East and West, has in the past math, in consequence of the immense influx ofpassengers and freizht to Cincin- nati and » pcints on the line of the Cin in- nati Soutrn Road, been compelled to bring ory S= Nble coach and car into const unt e ‘ve er } . roof from the expansion of the material sen 1 aaa eee ee the history of this usedin it. While the deflecting tendency a the or 3 - . ‘kk been so far s rt of this form of port cannot be effective be- Ty aati lin aa, ene for transportatious, yond a certain limit, yet it is probable that hs i teh — ays - this road are also it lies considerably within the limit of the) padeauate tsthe J. nger coaches are distortion, or wasting away, of any roof , (he demand, likely to be used. Experience seems 9 shov Great ment has been ae ; also that, even though the enterng flaxie out Australia by thed oe a ve a thr up ne takes the form of a solid jet rater 128M) go} field, near Sydne . 1@ Pomora that of a broad sheet, no trouble ned be into the township ! le found in keeping the furnace completly Morning Herald, ri ee, a ayo ef % daily, men ar- filled with gas 80 leng asan effective head is maintained at the producers and the regu rivug even from Victoria, 7 he great draw great draw- bac: to the development of the field is want } tf ~~ we ed ee ne er eRe Fe & ; mie 0 RE RT ae . TS ale r= > — cs a a a ae ey ae ae patunsiesabecaeweenrmeart nt ae > = r= a 4 Edam ae AER eis, Seal 2 THEH IRON AGE. September 30, 1880 PActals. Clive, ete. The P | ume & Atwood PHILIP L. MOEN, President and Treasurer. CHAS. F, WASHBURN, Vice President & Secretary. Mfg. Company, {WASHBURN & MOEN MANUFACTURING CO, Established 1831. WORCESTER, MASS , . MANUFACTURERS OF a i” ty ESTER aenee Sere Teereeere svat tas tertar yet Hitt . “ n a> 2 oe ae ea a cr a ry ii ' * Poh fAetals. ANSONIA BRASS & COPPER CO., No. 19 Cliff Street, Phelps Building, NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS AND COPPER IN Sheets, Bolts, Rods, Wire, &c. Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. Ansonia Corrugated Stove Platforms, PURE COPPER WIRE For Electrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. Pnosphor Bronze Rode for Pumps, &c. ANSONIA Yr REFINED eee —_ Waterbury Brass Co. CAPITAL, - - $400,000. Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, CERMAN SILVER, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire, BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, COPPER RIVETS & BURS, BRASS KETTLES, Door Rail, Brass Tags, PERCUSSION CAPS, POWDER FLASES, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Measwes, &c. em SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, | <aeerues German Silver and Gilding Metal, |} Copper Rivets and Burs, Kerosene Burners, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 80 Chambers Street, New York. 13 Federal Street, Boston. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. Rolling Mill, | Factories, INCOT CG OPPER . And — a eres of it Aah rt THOMASTON, Ct.| WATERBURY, Ct. MANUFACTURERS OF so ee Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a , . Sole Agents for the IRON and STEEL WIRE 5 Capewell Mfg. Co.’s Line ot Sport- ing Goods and Wood’s Paper PHELPS, DuDGE & CO. =. | ie R C | ass 0 Patent ‘Steel{Barb Fencing, Patent Steel Wire Bale Ties 4 WIRE RODS of all Grades; Round Iron, Rivet ; £ p 1 arate ron, Rive POLLING Mia cut to any length. Owners and euete. van e sive Operators of the PA CONTINUOUS t IMPOR!cRS OF i MANUFACTURERS OF colls of 100 pounds, without ska or WELD. Patent Galvanize Shot Shells. Annealed Fence and Grape Wire in long lengths ; Coppered Pall-Ball Wits Pope Brides Boe ree ptone. re Ti | R LAT EE DEPOTS: Mills At Sh d R | g and Chai Wire. Wire for the manufacture of Card Clothing, Heddles, Reeds, &c. Plano-string Cove ‘inj whe * RBURY eet an 0 rass, et ee and Tinned-piated Wire of all sizes. A specialty is nade of Clock, M hinery, Gun Screw = 296 Broadway, New York, WATE Bi : Spiral Spring re, and Refined Wire to Pattern for particuiar parposes, from selected stamps of orway Lron ® ‘ Any grade of Wire furnished, Annealed, Brignt, Polished Coppered, Galvanized or Tin P : ‘ r . r . . lated. Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing, eens ana ut to any length. Steel Cr neline Wire, Patent Linen finish. Darivaled Bost Rnee: re. Steel ire for Springs, Needles and Drills. Market Steel Wire kept fn stock, all sizes ‘ — German Silver Metal and Wire, | WAREHOUSE, 21 Cliff Street, New York. —Chintago Warehouses 107 Lake wee 5 Copper and Iron Rivets, ROOFING PLATE, Sheet Iron, Copper, Pig Tin, Wire, Zinc, &c. 189 Eddy St., Providence, R. I. Cont. Manhattan Brass Co,, = A PRL MANUFACTURERS OF - s Sheet Brass wae ono sit Oilers, OILERS and CUSPADORES, | LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, t 0 Pp P E R A N D B 8 A S S Brass Wire, Prior Patent Oilers LANTERNS and TRIMMINGS, | KEROSENE BURNERS, “| Copper Wire, Broughton Patent Oilers, | Cjocks & Fly Fan Movements. | PLUMBERS’ MATERIALS, Copper Rivets, Brass, Tin & Zinc Oilers, Brass Tubing, Brass Butt Hinges, Zinc Tubing, Hurricane Lanterns, Brown’s Patent Picture Hooks. Fire Sets, Fenders, &c. BRASS BLANKS AND TUBES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION TO ORDER. OFFICE AND WORKS, Ist Ave., 27th to 28th Sts., New York. THE NEW HAVEN COPPER CO., Particular attention paid to cutting out Blanks and manufacturing Metal Goods, MANUFACTORY, Pinmnvem, Bridgeport, Conn. 19 Murray St., N. Y. Harrison Wire Company, 8ST. LOUIS, MO. CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. SCOVILL MFC CO BRASS, HINCES, WIRE, CERMAN SILVER. PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS. ty BUTTONS, CLOTH AND METAL. ——— Tuos. W. Fitca, Cuas, Fisn, Prest. and Treas, Secretary. MANUFACTURERS OF All kinds of DEPOTS, FACTORIES, ‘194421 Brome StiK.¥. ——Watenwy.Com. | 255 Pearl Street, New Vork. | [RON & STEEL WIRE | = ss Fo 183 Lake St. Chicago. New York City, Manufacturers of and Dealers in a. “so! od SSS SSeS SSS E*) IR ae eR —— : : NATIONAL WIRE & LANTERN WORKS, — DICKERSON, YAN DUSEN & CO. Braziers’ & Sheathing] wire sain Specialties. HOWARD & MonsE. Manufacturers of Brass, Copper & Iron Wire Cleth, L » Locomotive Spark Wi Holmes, Booth & Haydens, nee waive yr Cloth, Ship and Ratlroad Lanterns, Siqnel Lights, seedian ors’? Lantern, ustable Globe Hand Lantern, Desk & Office Rallin ; , &, Riddles WATERBURY, CONN Coal & Sand Screens, Nursery Fenders & Spark Guards, Ornamental Wire Fence. NEW YORK, BOSTON, : 49 Chambers St. 18 Federal St. Manufacturers of all kinds of WORKS RR oO E B Li NY CG Ss = nom New York Office AND Brass, Copper & German Silver, at SS SO SS ROLLED AND IN SHEETS, TRENTON, > EE = ROP i= Warehouse, BRASS & COPPER WIRE, N. J. SS S35) 117 Liberty Street = COPPER. Kettle Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, Rivets, Ingot Copper, Spelter, Solder, &c. Tia Plate, Pig Tin, Sheet Iron, Conper, Wire, Zinc, Etc. 29 & 31 Of St., cor. Fulton, DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool. NEW YORK. Established 1837. Incorporated 1876. WATERBURY MANUFACTURING CO., WATERBURY, CONN. Brass Machine Screws, Jack and Safety Chain,| Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs. im Bibb Screws and Springs, ‘hip Mountings, BRASS & IRON THE JOHN A, ROEBLING’S SONS C0, Chisel & Screw Driver Ferrules, Paie vied Articles, AC vit’. QOOR RAIL MANUFACTURERS OF ’ BRASS AND METAL COODS OF EVERY DESORPTION. JACK ChaiN ss YOUR BAIL WIRE ROPE I ~ A. C. NORTHRO | @erman ‘silver Spoons ; catvantex |Lron and Steel . . OP, SiR PLATED FORKS & SPOONS, | ron, Stee! and Copper | Telegraph Wire, WIRE Waterbury, Conn. : ! _. Bare ene Burners, &c. Hoisting wines of all Market Wire, _ NOVELTIES IN BRASS AND OTHER METAL GQ0))S sors CAVOL & SONS,|snip'isiceine, ‘seen coras,! Vineyard Wire, | race wirey chain Wire, FOR HARDWARE TRADE. Brooklyn ean Copper Coss "Guabeation Eeihies tanten, Saves ies ben omnes Ware, Wrought Iron and Brass Machine Screws; Turned, Hexagon, Round an? Sey, ‘ Dealers in , ern eee ee ee ee “~“"*"" | Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, GALVANIZED WIRE CLOTHES LINES. Estimates on patented articles, or any description of Sheet Metal wo Antimony Solder & Old Metals ) ' 1 ae ER. eee =| IRON AND STEEL WIRE TRENTON IRON CON: MAN Y, PASSAIC LINC C0. For Hoisting, Running & Standing RE ROPE &e. (INCORPORATED 1847), Sanatnstarens of CONSTANTLY KEPT ON HAND. TREN SON, NEW JERSEY, Pure Spelter Address, HAZARD MFG. CO., Wilkesbarre, Luzerne Co., Pa. MANUFACTURERS OF | » ‘en ihe { Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes - E —? E N & GC U i E. L Ee A U M E r . 5 AG) «lee : AND ALL FINE WORK. OF ALL CRADES, Alen tor Carlswerk, near Cologne, Germany. BRIGHT, ANNEALED, COPPERED. TINNED AND GAL, Ni7tD | Galvanizers & Brass Founders. PATENT CRUCIBLE STEEL WIRE, Iron and Steel Wire Rods; TANNING & SQUIER, Gen'lAgents,’ SIF MENS-MARTIN AND BESSEMER STEEL WIRE EXTRA QUALITIES OF BAR IRON AND RO 2S. ; ated Limeny Serect, nN. ¥. er Flusseisen, Swedish and German Charcoal Wire. tae Ba ry . GALV ANIA E TRLEGR r = Best Qualities of Gun-Screw and Charcoal lron V\ Cy Ls x 0. W. Prentiss & Co., © of Charcoal and ——-, ax.4 prereset pena a5 - * 1 = hee | HOLYOKE, . aia Crucible, Siemens-Martn and Bessemer Steel Wire | naar GALVANIZED STEEL WIRE, ° lai ‘ . £ . ) Ve *j r > fs , . v . . For Plain, Barb and Strand Fencing, 3, ¢ane 7-ply cand. Staples, &c. Annealed and Oiled Fencing ire, round and oval. WIRE ROPE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, TELEGRAPH CABLES. Contractors to the German and Foreign governments. The oldest t se i ra reign g ts. st house in » be : »C tinent. Welegraph Address, CARLSWERK, COLOGNE, wun Seana the Coe General Agents for t. 8S. and Canada, tnneaica ane zmu| PERKINS & CHOATE, 23 Nassau St, N, Y. Wire Straightered and Cut to Lengths. ‘RON : WIRE 4 M . Represented in New York by COOPER, HEWITT & CO., 17 Buriin BRODERICK & BASSO. LANUFACTURERS OF IRON Bright, Coppered Plated. AN Gel WIRE ROPE. The Schoenberg Metal Mfg. Co., J. WOOL GRISWOLD, fend WIRE: RAILING Sa SOLDER, TYPE, ee en | Ornamental Wire Works. Stereotype, Electrotype and Babbitt Metals, VAT I ER EG No. 36 North Be - ae, Ba i oe en eee oo ; oe “_ owar t. altimere. and al: kinds of Dross. 52S ana 530 East 261 r Woven’ Wire. tron Bedstente " Cpsin gad alt kinds ot Prom. 525 ana Ok h TROY, N. ¥. Sererns, Woven Wire, fron Bedsteads Yhaire s A gene: Rails kep made pre W. E. C. 8. W. IN F. P. He MOSE MET. And Speak Bell it Geen Sia See + es ; + WY Var SN 9 oth, luc- lles, nce, ce ‘eet. el Vire Vire, vire, &C. —- —- tE sncing e Con Y. G ks. re. Balco Coal hairs , September 30, 1880. 0. LINDEMANN & (C0. Patentees and Sole Manufacturers of Spring Brackets for Bird Cages, And manufacturers of the largest variety of Japanned, Brass and Tin-Plated Bird Cages in thia Country. Catalogues furnished to the trade. 254 Pearl Street, New York. Office and Works, YALE LOCK MANUFACTURING CO. New Illustrated Catalogue and Price List No. 7 ready for distribution to the trade. STAMFORD, CONN, (20 PEARL STREET, BOSTON. THE IRON AGE. 3 CARY & MOEN, Manufacturers of STEEL WIRE for all purposes and STEEL SPRINCS of every description. ! On Rail Specifications and Rail In-| and rails—say, leaving solid material of about spection in Europe. 2 feet at least, which would mean longer centers and longer fish p\ates. To drill the bolt holes is of course the safest plan, par- Before the recent Lake Superior meeting | ticularly if the web is thick and the steel is of the American Institute of Mining Engi- | hard. neers, Mr. C. P. Sandberg, a well known ex In America the longer fish plates are pre- pert in England, read a very lengthy pap: r| ferred; but it is not the length of the fish on rail specifications and rail inspection. In | which makes the stiffness of the jont, and the form submitted it bore more the charac- | it would be a waste of metal to extend it ter of a special plea for private business lengthways If applied in the vertical di- than that of a scientific paper. It contains, | rection stiffness is obtained in proportion to however, much that will he received by | the square of the hight lhe form of the manufacturers and consumers of rails with | holes punched in the fish plate must ,be the attention to which the eminence and] guided by the neck of the bolt, whieh should long practical experience of Mr. Sandberg | have just so much play as not to shift round entitle him. In 1870, Mr. Sandberg pub | when screwed up Although Mr. Sandberg lished his well-known standard sections and | has adopted a square-necked bolt and corre- specifications for iron and steel, but the| sponding holes in the fish plate, he admits general introduction of the latter material | that the oval or elongated hole, with ecorre- induced him in 1878 tu design improved sponding neck in the bolt, lately introduced, sections, It would undoubtedly have been|is preferable, simply because it does not best theoretically to adhere to the main di- | weaken the fish plate so much as the square mensions of rails and to the same forms of | hole. The standard bolt for each road should fish-plates and only to reduce the sections in| be kept so as to preserve a uniform plant, flanges and web as much as the greater fa-| and not be the cause of two sets of bolts and cility in working the new material (steel) | fish plates being necessary for the same rail- would allow. But the inconvenience of in-| way. ‘The fish plate should be punched hot terfering with the weight generally adopted | and pressed. made this plan inexpedient, and the new sections were accordingly so designed that their weight was 50 to 56 pounds. Their hight was greater than that of the iron ones and the fishing angle was made 30 degrees for steel—22 degrees, formerly adopted, hav- ing proved too difficult in working. The considerations which have guided Mr. ms Dy Sin) IDO ETE LIE iL VISIT IVS MLLLLAALELAEL ELA VEL RELA LELELLALLALLLLAL LAE ay) YEE Wharket Steet Wire, Crinotine Wire, tewperea and coverva. Also Patent Tempered Steel Furniture Springs, constantly on hand. ¥34, 236 and 238 West 29th Street, ° ° ° - - NEW YORK, The notch ia the iron rail was formerly made in the middle of the rail, which was then thought desirable for preventing the road from traveling. When steel was treated in a similar manner it was then found that the notch placed in the middle took away almost the entire strength of the rails, so that they sometimes broke even SALESROOMS : 53 CHAMBERS sT., NEW YORK. 506 COMMERCE ST., PHILADELPIIIA. G64 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO. 81 Chambers St., N. Y. Waterbury, Conn. Manufacturers of BRASS, COPPER AND GERMAN SILVER, In Sheets, Rolls, Rods, Wire, Tubing, Rivets and Burs, Etec. ALSO, Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. HOUSE BOILERS, warranted to stand 200 lbs. teed inst vacuum, | pressure and guaran — and the maximum load of each wheel PATENTED SPRING TEMPERED SHANK, | an 8 would be 514% tons, and the maximum SILVER-PLATED, FLAT TABLE WARE, in rich designs. | GERMAN SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS. _| POPE, COLE & Co. BALTIMORE COPPER WORKS, No. 57 South Gay St., BALTIMORE, MD., Have always on hand and for sale INGOT COPPER, Also Cakes, of unequalled purity and toughness. SN eeeccemnnetemaen anaes ere Wrought Iron Fence, Our specialty. Also Crestings, Finials and Vanes; Stable Fixtures, Hitching Posts, Door and Window Guards, Wrought Iron Grat- ings, &c. Address CLEVELAND WROUGHT IRON FENCE WORKS, J, H. VAN DORN, Proprietor, CLEVELAND, Ohio, U. 8. A. “ROME IRON WORKS, Manufacturers of Brass, Gilding Metal, Cop- per and German Silver (In Sheets, Rods, Tubing or Wire), COPPER & BRASS RIVETS AND BURS. Rome, New York. THE MONTOUR IRON & STEEL COMPANY, Works at Danville, Pa. RAILS: AND PIC IRON. A general assortment of Mine and Narrow-Gauge Rails kept on hand, from which shipments can made promptly. : ALL weaved (BOW, “BROWN & BROTHERS, | Stanley Rule & Level Co., Sandberg in his designs are explained by him as follows : in handling or in falling from a truck. The notch in the middle was conse- quently abandoned and moved to the ends; this materially improved matters, and nowhere now are any steel rails made notched in the middle. ‘There are two ways now adopted to prevent the road from creeping, depending upon whether the road is laid with supported or with suspended rail joints; in the former case corner notches are quite sufficient, and have no weakening etfect, but in the latter angle tish plates must be used ; these to be notched or slotted with spike holes in the two joint sleepers. As to which of these methods is preferable there exists a great difference of opinion ameng engineers. The size of the notches for a '3-inch spike may be taken as 344 inch and the depth as 4 inch, and the corner either left or right, as long as they always keep to the same, and at the reverse corner of both rail ends; but the notch '4 x % inch deep might be of slightly rounded corners, as the sharper it is the more it weakens the rail. There bas been a strong disposition on the part of railway companies, notably on the Continent, to draw up stringent specitica- tions, and include in them directions con- cerning the materials and the method of manufacture to be used. Mr. tsandberg holds that it is always best to let the maker, to a great extent, choose his own method of manufacture, so long as he allows the in spector to see that the rails made are, first of all, safe, and then correct in every exterior part, to insure their being easily laid and giving a good and straight road likely to endure any reasonable amount of wear and tear that may be required. As for guaran- tee, it is useful where the railway is in con- stant communication with the maker, so as to allow of the rails being watched from time to time to see if they are fairly treated ; but where the manufacturer is distant from the railway which SoEennaDS artice, Mr, Sandberg holds that it is best for the rail way engineer to look after his interests by good inspection, and to make sure that he has got what his specification demands be fore the rail is paid for. It is beyond doubt that the inspection of rails is a matter of great importance. Whether it is necessary or not was at one time a debated question, but it has long ago been decided in the affirmative. In fact, in Europe almost all rails are inspected, partly with a view to economical advantage to the railway, but principally with the intention of securing safety to the traveling public. A maker naturally regards a stranger who comes to Inspect one order only very differ- ently from one whom he has seen more or less freque ntly, and whom he may soon have to meet again. It is certainly more easy to work under a constant system of inspection, employed by a regular inspector, however strict it may be, than to submit to the changes demanded by different specifica- tions. Inasmuch as the mode of manufac ture differs in each district, no general specification, when laid out in great detail, can be applicable in allof them, The differ- ences in ore, in material and in local circum- stances, as well as in the machinery em- ployed, make such detailed specifications impossible to be followed. If the specifiga- tion were detailed there would not be much competition; tenders would be received from only a few works which would actu- ally be able to fulfill the conditions of the specification sent out Unfortunately, no method has been found to test every rail made for quality, and until this is done in- spections can only be partial. A suggestion was made some years ago to apply a regis- tered manometer to the punching machine, and thus to measure the hardness of the steel. All that the inspector can do is to try to ascertain whether the bulk of tke rails be quite equal to the samples tested, However, as the quality of material may vary considerably, seeing that it depends on so many causes, it follows clearly that in- ez FACTORIES, A The weight of rail ought to be considered, New Britain, Conn. together with the section and with the stiff ness of rail, and from the railway engineers’ _— point of view the rail joint, as being the WARFROOMS, weakest part, is really the point of prime importance. When contractors, for in- oe “Shri, 29 Chambers St, stance, insert in their specification for build- Tools. act Pwr nse ing a road that the rail should weigh so many : New York, pounds per yard, they would naturally Manufacturers of Bailey’s Patent Adjustable Planes. Genera] Agents for the sale cf Leonard Bailey & Co.'s ** Victor Planes,” MANUFACTURERS OF Improved Carpenters’ choose a lumpy section, which it would be impossible to fish properly, and which would offer very little stiffness, so long as they could buy it cheaply. Therefore, the stiff ness of rail and rail joint should be consid- | 0. G. GAUTIER, Chairman, D, J, MORRELL, Treasurer, CHAS. DOUGLASS, Gen’! Supt. ered along with the weight, and Mr. Sand- berg, in his description of his sections, has tabulated the weight of rail with the stiff 8 , | ness of both rail and rail joint, and has given the maximum safe load of each engine wheel. Manufacturers of ** Detiance®? Patent Adjustable Planes, This Advertisement is Changed Every Week, PATENTED SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER | For example, the 50-pound rail would carry II tons on 3-foot bearings, without perma- nent set ; the rail joint would carry 7.3 tons weight of the ordinary goods engine to suit this rail would be 27% tons. 1 “ fully admit that this rule might not always be applicable, varying as it would with local and other circumstances, but it is a simple and practical means of making sure that the rail, and more particularly the rail joint, is not overloaded. On the Conti nent of Europe a 66-pound rail would gener ally carry 16 tons in the middle of the rail on 3-foot bearings, but the suspended joints might not carry more than 4 tons, and the engine on its driving wheel is often loaded to 5 or 6 tons; thus it would actuaily make the joint sink and take a permanent set every time it passed over it, and would re- sult in breaking the fish plates and flatten- ing the railends. It is quite time that roll ing-stock associations shoald confer with permanent-way engineers, in order to lay down arule for coustructing rail sections, not considering the weight so much as its carrying capacity—a point which is very often neglected, or, at least, not considered in proportion to its importance. WOoRKs, T yA >ED It is evident that the longer the rail tke JOHNSTOW N, PENN, more saving there is in fastenings and the Eastern Warehouse, 93 John St., N. Y.; Phila, Warehouse, 505 Commerce St, | better the road ; but there is a limit beyond which it is not practicable to go—not on ac- count of any difficulty in manufacture, as WILLIAM VOGEL, ° rails are now rolled in two or three lengths, Manufacturer of Plain and Stamped but for the sake of the easier handling and TINWARE SEAMLESS BOXES ROUND OVAL transportatiov, both by land and by sea. ’ ’ ’ AND SQUARE CANS. Long raifs require separate wagons for over- Special Articles Manufactured of Sheet Metals. land trausit, and, therefore, the standard 41, 43 & 45 South 9th Street, Near the Ferries, BROOKLYN (BE. D.), N. ¥. a Me ees eee: __HENRY J. VOGEL. LOUIS H. VOGEL. extreme, and have chosen 30 feet as their 5 nominal length: in fact, they are not stop ping there, and it is naturally required that imported rails should be of the same length as those made at home. Not that English a makers cannot roll them equally as long as Americans, but the cost of transportation across the Atlantic inereases with the length . of the rail. Besides this, the longer the rail all an d PCla is the more likely it is to get crooked, ° especially on board ship; and on the road itself the plate layers require some consider- ation, as they have quite enough to do to handle a 30-foot length, especially if it is of good weight—say, 56 pounds and upward. F It is not advisable to go beyond 30 feet, and 10 per cent. of short lengths in even feet ; down to 20. A variation in length of \ Shovels, Riddles, Brushes, &c. WHITEH FAD BROS WM. WHITEHEAD, Treas., cut off hot contract about 5 inches, more or : 517 W. 15th St., less, according to their temperature when AMERICAN FACING CO cut, 4% inch is not too much to allow. If 5 z Now York. the punch holes allow an opening of the inch above and below the regular measure - a SS should be permitted. Considering that rails FIRE SAND AND CLAYS. joint of 1% inch, there would be no reason whatever for not allowing }¢ inch in the normal length, even when rails were ex changed on the track one by one. What is of greater importance is to estab Established 1810. W. E. C. COXE, President, Reading, Pa. 8. W. INGERSOLL, Treas., Philadelphia, Pa. F.P. HO WE, General Supt., Danville, Pa. MOSES GOLDSMITH & SON, Key Bow 156, CHARLESTON, S&S. C- Wholesale dealers in METALS, IRON, RACS, And all kinds of Paper Stock. We invite correspondence. W. R. OSTRANDER, Manufacturer of PATENTED Speaking Tube Whistles, Bell Hangers’ Hardware. Send for revised catalogue. 28 Ann Birest, New York. lish standard measures so that all the rails for the same road, even if made at different works, would be cut to the same standard measure. If this be neglected, the 30 feet £ length made in one place may vary one- i ay quarter of an inch and more from those made in another works, although makers i >| i | f\ D may each have used their own standard L : ; i | A measure, 9 The punching and notching of steel rails was at tirst done in the same way as for iron rails, but as the material, when origin- ally introduced, was rather hard, it caused breakage through the bolt holes of a good many rails. Mr. Sandberg found this of such great importance that he carried out a large number of comparative tests and ex- periments upon the loss in strength which iron and steel rails suffer in different coun- tries through punching and notching. It was shown by this investigation that for punching there must be longer fish plates and a greater distance between the end holes Manufacturers, Importers and Dealers in ODD AND REGULAR SIZES TIN AND ROOFING PLATES, Black and Galvanized Sheet Iron, Metals, Wire, Copper, Stamped Ware, Hegisters, &c. spection is no absolute guarantee for obtair- ing safety and economy in each rail... All that cau be reasonably expected is that the reneral results of good inspection sh uld amply repay the mill outlay ineurred for it, and the railway Company have a cer- tain satisfaction in being able to show that ill the practicable means at their dis posal for securing a od article have been em- ployed, No one, however, can go so far as to hold the inspector legally responsible fcr any accident through broken rails or fa ‘we of any other part of the work he has in- spected, as he can only certify that the specification has been carried out, and that he has done his best to secure «a sound and reliable article. In order to put the in peec- tor on an independent footing, not only wih the makers, but also with ayents or all in- termediaries, his work snould be paid for: y the railway authorities direct, aud by noong — wa ~ we _ a ee : Sen Se ae eS. eR? Be (ae ee eerriwt wuss » —« rR r , Sar ser * Sa. ° I TF 8: ne a pee THE IRON AGE. September 30, 1880. oa | Xv or. von. ae tron. xron, tS mene ee NEW YORK. NEW YORK PITTSBURGH. _FITSSBURGH. |W. OD, wood & CO, s A. @. HATRY, GGDEN & WALLACE, ‘A B. Warner & Son,) John W. Quincy, | GDEN to &, LG. SMITH & CO., IRON & STEEL, 85,87, 88 & 91 ELMST., N.Y. 98 William Street, New York. IRON MERGHANTS, ‘Anthracite & Charcoal Pig Irons, Wrought Sorap, Out Nails, Copper, TEI 28 & 29 West and 52 Washineton Sts. MIDVALE STEEL WORKS. BOILER PL ATE, BLOCK TIN, LEAD, SPELTER, ANTIMONY, NICKEL, & A full assortment constantly on hand of | Cast, Machinery, Tool, Spring, Tire, a | Boller Tubes, Angle, Tee & Girder tren, HARRISON & IN & GILLOON Shoe, Toe Calk, Plow and Blister Steel Orders solicited for Boller and Tank Rivets. Sole mts for the celebrated o- IRON AND METAL DEALERS, “Eureka, ” —-- PennocKs, | sss. 50, se: waren sr. and oe, 904, 90 CHRERY 8. Steel Forgings and c astings. PIERSON & C0, « ” | ota y | Wawasset, Lukens, ae on hand, and offer tee sale, me wesaga curt and 24 & 26 Broadway, 77 & 79 New St.,| ,urntect tron Alsonl cecrnions of Fe es Eee tam eds, Ba NEW YORK CITY. lron. Fire Box Iron a specialty. — es “PICKS” of all kinds, |ROME MERCHANT IRON MILLS, | OXFORD IRON CO., ROME, N. Y¥. r . (B. G. CLARKE, 2 “ ESOPUS ” HORSE SHOE IRON, Bi ron, Bands and Fine H Tees, Channels, Sheets, Plates. SPI KES. janes branded J. dled balls re | ee All descriptions in stock. J. 8S. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, oy pammer. xa may Ae ja to the Millor | IRON & STEEL. 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, TER, our Agent, at 59 Jonu | NEW YORK. Hoop and Walls, Iron. Galvanized q and Bar Iron “ABEEL BROTHERS, -BURDEN’S “CORRUGATED SHEET IRON HORSE SHOE Iron Merchants, Best Gent "Best Refined and Geiunaiiiit 190 South Street and 365 Water, N. Y. SHEET IRON. ULSTERIRON |: Plate and "Tank Iron, A full assortment of all sizés constamely on hand. C No. 1,C H No. 1, C cE Re. 1 Flange, Best Flange, Sei Feet, reer Wd Yo MARSHA a. LEFFERTS, 90 Beekman St., New York City, MANUFACTURER AND DEALER. Galvanized Sheet Iron, Ist and 2d Qualities. Galvanized wire Tele ph and Fence ; ——— Refined Iron, Bast Flange Fire Box, Cire! Horse-Shoe Iron, BOILER IRON Common Iron, th 9 Burden Best Stamped and Guaranteed. Band, Hoop and Scroll Iron, Sheet Iron, All ——- of Iron Work Galvanized or —— to ord | r 0 n Norway Nail Rods, Norway Shapes, Price list oni rquotations sent upon application. | A. R. Whitney, W. BAILEY LANG, Sole Agent in United States & Canada for 8 Boiler Rivets. Manufacturer of and Dealer in LOW-MOO IRON, 68 & 60 Hudson a8, 60 & 62 Thomas, ana| andes 12, 14416 Worth Sts., Oar specialty is in fianufacturing Iron Used in the Con- struction of Fire-Proot Buildings, Bridges, &c. Plans and estimates turmshed, and contracts made NO. 50 BEEKMAN ST., NEW YORK. Troy, N. Y I 8 tures of ev e tion Books containing eats oval Iron ‘made seat on ap-| JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO., yy Me Ve plication by mail Sample pieces at office. a dson Street. SCOTCH AND AMERICAN | U L S T E R EN: & LOVELL | AND BORDEN , 5 | BURDEN’S Commission Merchants . No. 69 Wall St., New York. 70 & 71 West St, ULSTER IRON WORKS, a Beseelt f ~— New York. 18 Wall St., New York, Agents for the sale of Fall River Iron Co.’s Nails, Bands, Hoops & Rods. AND Borden Mining Company’s Cumberland Coals. WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., IRON MERCHANTS Cor. Albany & Washington Sts., NEW YORK CITY. Ww. BisPHamM. Also Best Grades of All sizes and shapes in stock. Tuckerman, Mulligan & Co ESLESTON BROS, & CO., 166 South Sts | NEW YORK CITY, 267 Front St., Passaic Rolling Mill Co.,;——— PATERSON, N. J. | i LW. DS & CO, lron Bridge Builders DAN’L W. RICHARDS Pig Iron and Bar Iron, And Manufacturers of Beams, Channels, Angles, | TEs, Merchant Iron, &c., &c. M. H. WALLACE. : aa 7 = B. F. JUDSON, New York Office, Room 25, Astor House. Old Rails and Old Metals, Importer of and Dealer in SCOTCH AND AMERICAN Pig Iron, Wrougiit & Cast Scrap Iron, OLD METALS. 457 & 459 South Stat NEW NEW YORK. 233 & 235 South St WATTS OKs, Presid CARMICHAEL & EMMENS, 130, 132 & 134 Cedar Street, New York, W. S. ‘MIDDLETON, Lap-Welded Boiler Tubes, & Agent for aie st fr Ott pelebeaod, Ca eat eg P nates,| FORSTER’'S CRUSHER & PULVERIZER, The The best in market. , Angles HUGH Ww. ADAMS DANIEL F. COONEY, Cate wt om Se eee = oo Ce. FOREIGN AND AMERICAN BOILER PLATES and SHEET IRON, RAILWAY, PIG AND SCRAP IRON.) QCOTOH PiG IRON WELDED BOILER Estimates furnished for all kinds of lron Work. ' ae R vets, Angle & T Iron, Cut Malle ‘ Splhes, 56 PINE STREET, Lg ban a i ur ng ils Pine, Iron Works, Taured Irop | _D- 1+ COBB. NEW yorK. | For spot delivery and for prompt or forward Works. The Bergen Rolling Mills, at Jersey City CORRUGATED AND CRIMPED IRON shipments to New York, Boston, Philadelphia, | Baltimore or New Orleans. si — - ROOFING & SIDING, | For sale in lots to suit by belt Tron Buildings, Roofs | JAMES LEE & CO., Shutters, Doors Cornicse, | Skylights, Bridges, & MOSELEY IRON BRIDGE AND ROOF CO. 5 Dew Street, New York. P. W. GALLAUDET, Banker and Note Broker, No 3and & Wall Street, NEW YORK. HARDWARE, METAL, TRON RUBBER, SHOE, PAPER AND PAPER-HANGINGS, LUMBER, COAI AND PAILROAD PAPER WANTED J 72 Pine Stre et, New York. f A . as é WALD é > F TE le = - - - ADVANCES MADE ON BUSINESSS PAPER AND | THER SECURITIES, | BATES & DESPARD,| 117 Pearl St., New York, P. O. Box 764, | —— Hot Pressed Nuts, Bolts, Washers, &c. STEEL AND IRON RAILS, SWEDISH FULLER BROTHERS & Co. BARS, STEEL AND PIG IRON, 139 Greenwich Street, New York, SCRAP IRON and OLD RAILS c. f. and i. to4 America, or f. 0. b, Euglish ports. Burden Iron Works, H. Burden & Sons, H. B. & S. Bar Iron. American & English Refined Iron. Morton B, Samira. Scrap Iron, Scrap Steel, . FAY ERW EATHER, Treasurer. 8S to 96 Mangin St., New York. IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATE | Broker in Machinery & Iron The Coatesvi Iron P« ‘Or pure : me ing Mills » anc i U = mt Tube Ww oO ks Ww r sught Ir ‘ees, Rivets, &c. w.S. MIDDLETON, 52 John St., N. ¥. seutae ' Glengarnock and Carnbroe Sole Agents for the United States, Commission Merchant. Bar, Sheet, Tank, Boller, Angle, T, and Ratlroad Iron, And Railroad Equipment. Nails & Spikes Steel & R. R. Supplies, WINDOW GLASS, GAS PIPE & BORAX. PITTSBURGH, PA. JUNIATA PATEN' T Plauished Sheet Iron. Patented March 14th, 1865 ; April 8th, 1873 ; Sept. 9th, 1878; Uct. 6th, 1874; Jan. 11, 1876. Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to the IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, and at a much less price. 1 WA by all the principal METAL DEALERS In the Large cities throughout THE UNITED STATES. And at their Office, 111 Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA. C, A. von Bonnhorst. R A, Wilson, SNOW oH R. A. WILSON & CO., PIG IRON, e only Snow Shoes in the market that abso- tuted tt all balling and give universal satis- iron and Steel Rallis, All Sizes, factio BLOOMS AND ORE, Improved slow Shoe Shapes. 88 Fourth ave., cor. Wood st., Pittsburgh. dard Sizes. John |. Williams, Henry M. Long. Nathan M. McDowell, Se 6 Yer Cat: ROADSTER 15-16K44, 1X34, 1 1-16K%4, 1 1-8x%. STEEL TOE CALKS, Keystone Rolling Mill,|SHOENBERGER & CO., **“z2"= Williams, Long & McDowell, Cc. BANE, Manufacturers of IRON and STEEL. old — ee Axles, Springs, P, Turnings, &c., Merchant B t Bar and Skelp Iron, PIG IRON, “BLOOMS AND BAR IRON, Sheets and Plates of all sizes, Duquesne Way, near 6th Street, Gleh, Wi OE Wie Dileel, Vieng Pittsburgh, pa.|POrtsmouth Iron and Steel Co., Successors to Mill at Sono, Second Avenue. CAYLORD ROLLINC MILL Co., Manufacturers of Siemens-Martin (Open Hearth) STEEL BOILER PLATE, Agricultural and Machinery Steel and Steel Tire. | Also, Homogeneous Iron Boiler Plate and Riveta, |Merehant Bar, Hoop and Sheet Iron, W roughr | Spikes, Fish Bars and Bolts. Office and Ww orks : PORTSMOUTH, OHIO. J. C. LEWIS, GEO. 8. LEWIS, Pres’t and Gen’! Sup’ t. Sec’ wys and } reas. Ekman&Co. s+ | ouis Malleable Iron GOTHENBURG, Company, SWEDEN. 2116 MARKET STREET, ST. LOUIS, Mo. . Henry M. Fiuuey, Joun D. Fituey, Agency of President. Secretary, N. M. HOGLUND’S SONS & CO., Stockholm. Sa Swedish & Norway Iron Matleable and Gray Iron Castings, New York and Philadelphia in Importation orders e | apecialty. | GUSTAF LUNDBERG, ;8 Kilby st., Bosto ALPERT FOT™ Putaasotiaavest 2 ©) GENERAL HARDWARE, &c, ZUG & CoO.., Pittsburgh, Pa., Manufacturers of Wheeler’s Iron & Steel Combination Shafting, , Under license of the Combination Trust Co., Philadelphia. This Shafting is superior to any now on the market, and the attention of machinists is particularly called to it and a trial order solicited. Prices furnished on application. LEECHBURG LRON WoRKS. KIRK PATRICK & CO., Manufacturers of all grades of FINE SHEET TrROoOnNns, (Refined, Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel, Ferrule Iron, &c.) NATURAL GAS USED AS FUEL. OFFICE, No, 143 First Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. ANDREW KLOMAN, PITTSBURGH, PA., MANUFACTURER OF Steel and lron Structural Material WORKS, Leechburg, Pa EYE BAR BLANK AS IT LEAVES THE ROLLS, EYE BAR FINISHED FROM THE SAME. Kloman Patent Solid Rolled Eue Bars, finished » Iron or Steel without welding or * upsetting.’ f all sizes and pattoree. Splice Bars. Channel = Universal Mill Plates of Iron or Steel. Steel Rails o Bars for Thielsen Car Truck, SPECLALT Y —U nuseal shapes and sizes in Steel or Iron; Angles, Tees other structural shapes in [run gp Steel. Sv a | MANUFACTURERS’ FOUNDRY aT >t PLU! Anal Ged xe Pret ie eY Ae N. ay uc, 6: ists is Ss. September 30, 1880. Kron. Kron. PHILADELPHIA. PHILADELPHIA. HENRY LEVIS & CO., Manufacturers’ Agents Si ’ Regenerative For Iron and Steel Rails, Car Wheels, Boiler and G A § FU R N A C E 4 Sheet Iron and General Railway uipments. RICHMOND & POTTS, (61: Rails, Axles, aud Wheels bought and sold. 1198. FourthSt. PHILADELPHIA, PA. 234 S. 4th St., Philadelphia. The Gambria Iron and Steel Works, ion of producing the best quality ef Having enjoyed for over TWENTY YEARS the reputation of p' 4 : RAILS, have now an annual capacity of 100,000 Tons of Iron and Steel Rails, Splice Bars, &c. ADDRESS, CAMBRIA IRON COMPANY, No, 218 South 4th Street, Philadelphia. Or at the Works, JOHNSTOWN, PA. Or LENOX SMITH, New York Selling Agent, 46 Pine St., N. ¥. THE PHCENIX IRON CO., 410 Walnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. Manufacturers of Wrought Iron Beams, Deck Beams, Channels, Angle & Tee Bars, STRAIGHT AND CURVED TO TEMPLATE, Largely used in the construction of Iron Vessels, Buildings and Bridges. WROUCHT IRON ROOF TRUSSES, CIRDERS & JOISTS, and all kinds of Iron Framing used in the construction of Fire Proof Buildings, PATENT WROUGHT IRON COLUMNS, WELDLESS EYE BARS, and built up shapes for Iron Bridges. REFINED BAR, SHAFTING, and every variety of SHAPE IRON made to order. Plans and Specifications furnished. Address DAVID REEVES, President. NEW YORK AGENTS, MILLIKEN & SMITH, 95 Liberty Street. BOSTON AGENTS, FRED. A. HOUDLETTE & CO., 19 Batterymarch St. ALAN WOOD & CO., MANUFACTURERS OF Patent Planished, Galvanized, Common, Best Refined, Cleaned and Charcoal Bloom PLATE c& SHEET IRON, No. 519 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. lly for Corrugated, Gasholder, Pan and Elbow, Water Pipe, Smoke Stack, ee ty ~ e, Locemotive Headlight and Jacket Iron. JAS. ROWLAND & C0., Kensington Iron, Steel & Nail Works, 920 North Delaware Ave., - - PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of the Anvil Brand Refined Merchant Bar Iron. es Rowlan Xo. Kensi Nails, cut from their ergy = er canna ee ome Squares, Flate, Bands and Hoop Iron. Correspondence with Dealers solicited. PENCOYD IRON WORKS. ra. & P. ROBERTS & 00.,_7 1 CAR AXLES. al LE, TEE AND CHANNEL IRON. Office, No. a Philadelphia. Agents for the sale of Glamorgan Pig Iron. ae ST ANDA DIN > oc =z S 4 = <= = lanes oe wa — ao o—- e - => es ~” = =~ [os oy zr = = = = ; GERMAN LEAD, BITUMEN, SIEVES, MACHINERY SAND, AMERICAN LEAD, ANTHRACITE, SHOVELS, BRASS GRAPHITE, CHARCOAL, BRUSHES, CHANDELIER ‘* PLUMBAG®, MINERAL, CRUCIBLES, STOVE PLATE * J. W. PAXSON & CO. | axa, 519 cndGis*neacn st., Priladerpnia, Pa, ALLENTOWN ROLLING MILL COMPANY, ufacturers of Rails, Bars, Axles, Shafting, Fish Bars (Plain and Angle), Spikes, Rivets, Bolts and Nuts, &c. Bridges and Turn Tables. General Office, 303 Walnut St., Philadelphia. Works at Allentown, Pa. JAMES C. BOOTH. THOMAS H. GARRETT. ANDREW A. BLAIR. BOOTH, GARRETT & BLAIR, Analytical and Consulting Chemists, 919 and 921 Chant St. (10th St. above Chestnut St.), PHILADELPHIA, PA. Established in 1836. Analyses of Ores, Waters, Metals and Alloys of all kinds. A special heen the ANALYSIS OF IRON AND STEEL, liances for the rapid and accurate analysis of Iron Steel, Iron seed a ith on ihe » apparetun ont serie Sands, &c. All analyses made by the members of the firm. Price lists on applicatia : THE IRON AGE. Edward J. Etting, IRON BROKER anp COMMISSION MERCHANT, 230 S. Third St., Philadelphia, Pa, Pig, Bar and Railroad Iron. OLD RAILS, SCRAP, &c. Agent for the Xron. else, and he should also have to send his re ports and certificates direct to them. The —— | Inspection, whether mechanical I i JUSTICE COX, Jr. CHARLES K, BARNS. | should be carried out at the go mgs: JUSTICE COX, JR. & CO., shows be final. | Makers have a right to de. Pc dy oe cae railway companies will have ne ecient inspectors in employing pro Chickies, St. Charles, Montgomery fessional men, if they have none in their and Keystone | service. MOUNT SAVAGE FIRE BRICK, | Foundry & Forge Pig Lron. | steci the inspecting? ihe, mtoduction of The Allentown Iron Co. and The Coleraine Furnaces. STOKAGE WHARF AND YARD DELAWARE AVENUE ABOVE CALLOWHILL STREET, connected by track with railroad. Cash advances made on Iron. ; ] ails is overdone—in CATASAUQUA MFG. COS America, with chemical analysis and with Bar, Angle, Skelp and Sheet Iron. | *2¢ stipulation of only one certain chemical RAILROAD CAR AXLES. composition in the rails; and in Germany, NEW AND OLD RAILS. by laying too much stress on contraction of No. 333 Walnut St., Philadelphia. area, and by fraeturing samples to test ten- sike strength. Mr. Sandberg does not hesi- tate to express his opinion that bo ry th systems Je Wesley Pullman, PETER WRIGHT & SONS are unpractical, net. cal. Gecanes Sie cee 407 Walnut St., Philadelphia, » | costly, but also beca } L : Exclusive SALES AGENT, Chester Iron Co.’s Blue, Red and Hofr ORES. Also celebrated ** Brotherton” Ore. D. W. R. READ. T. HORACE BROWN. D.W.R. READ & CO.,, Dealers and Commission Merchants in ORES, METALS, &c. Native and Foreign Iron, Manganese, _ and other Ores, 205% Walnut S