The Iron Age 1880-07-15: Vol 26 Iss 3

880. ES 13.00 6.00 3.60 7.20 The Iron Age A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades. Published every Thursday Morning by DAVID WILLIAMS, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. —— Vol. XXVI: No. 2. A German Wire Nail Machine. The manufacture of wire and articles | made from it was commenced at an early | date in Germany and has become a leading industry in certain districts, notably of | Westphalia and the Rhenish Provinces. It will be of some interest to Americans to compare the machinery there used with our | own, and we have, with a view to that ob- ject reproduced from a recent work of Prof. | Ledebur, of Freiberg, the accompanying | drawings, showing the construction of a/| German wire nail machine of recent design. Fig. I gives a plan of such a machine, while Fig. 2 shows its principal parts in section. The wire to be made into nails passes from its coil through the straightener T to the feed device L, which at intervals pushes it forward one length. ‘This is effected by means of a rod, one end of which slides in c, while the other is attached to the hori- zontal lever x One arm of the latter moves the sled L, giving it a reciprocating action. The length of the stroke, and therefore also the length of each nail, can be regulated at will by adjustment at c, Fig. 1. The sled L has a clutch, Fig. «, so adjusted by means of the spring shown that it will seize, hold and carry forward the wire if there is no resistance to the advance of the latter, and releases and slides backward over it if such resistance is offered. This resistance is met with regularly, shortly before the sled commences to move backward. It is brought about by the following device, illustrated by Figs. 3and 4. A disk, Q, mounted on the fiy-wheel shaft shown in Fig. 1, has the shape illustrated in Fig. 3. Upon it rests, by means of a roller, one end of a lever H, which retains its position during a period corresponding to two-thirds of a revolution, but is depressed during the other third by its own weight. The other arm of the lever H takes hold of the arm of a lever B,, reaching across the whole width of the machine, and keeps it lifted while that portion of the disk which is cut away oc- cupies the highest position. At the point where the wire passes under the lever Bz, the latter is provided with an exchangeable block, 6. A corresponding block is attached to B,. Each of these blocks has a semicircu- lar groove with small teeth, intended to hold the wire as soon as the lever B, is de- promen and the upper block approaches the ower one. On the left end these blocks are bored out conically, so that the head of the nail can be shaped in them. The head is given to the nail soon after the end of wire has emerged from between uso blocks and while the feed sled is going backward. lt is done by means of the hammer K, actuated by the spring F, shown in Fig. 2. The hammer is released at the proper moment by the disk a. The spring is adjustable, so that the force of the blow may be varied according to the requirements of each special case. As soon as the head has been shaped the hammer is withdrawn, and the wire is advanced to the amount of the length of one nail. Then the nail is pointed, which is done by means of the two levers M M, Figs. 1, 5 and 6 (page 3). A pin on the end of the longer arm of these levers slides in a guide on the shaft, so con- structed that the lever is rapidly pressed outward once during each revolution so that the two shorter arms approach one another. The latter are provided with cutting blades, shown in Fig. 7 (page 3), the shape of which is such that the nail is pointed, and, at the same time, the end of the wire is somewhat prepared for the subsequent shaping of the head. When the levers M M open, after cutting the point, the nail is still loosely at- tached to the wire, and it is necessary to de- tach it by a slight blow. This is done au- tomatically by the machine by means of the device shown in Fig. 8 (page 3), in plan and elevation. The disk f is mounted on the fly- wheel shaft, and the blow is executed by the spring z. The machine, therefore, completes a nail at every revolution, and as it averages one in a second for large nails, it turns out 3500 per hour. Smaller nails, however, are made much faster, the maximum rate being given at 20,000 per hour. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL. M. Mouchot, who has long been identified with THE UTILIZATION OF SOLAR HEAT, has produced interesting chemical effects by the same means. With collecting mirrors 31 inches in diameter he is able to produce re- actions requiring a temper@ture of from 400° C, to 500° C.; for example, the fusion and calcination of alum, the preparation of benzoic acid, the purification of linseed oil, the concentration of syrup, the sublimation of sulphur, the distillation of sulphuric acid, and the carbonization of wood. He has also constructed small solar alembics capable of distilling essences, and lending themselves readily to employment with the sand or water bath. Papin’s pot and the solar boiler and digester of Payen have given excellent results. M. Mouchot’s large solar receiver 1S a copy of the one at Tours, The mirror is 12 feet 6 inches in diameter, and resists the Strongest gale. The boiler is about 0.2 inches thick, and is so arranged that the liquid to be vaporized is kept in contact With the whole heated surface, a fact which gives it a great superiority over former boil- | ers of the kind. Tried on the 18th of No- VYember at Villa Bauer, near Algiers, it raised over 60 pints of water to the boiling point in 80 minutes, and in 1% hours later produced a steam pressure of 8 atmospheres, conducting wires. New York, Thursday, July 15, 1880. | The same apparatus distilled on December 24th of last year 5 gallons of wine in 85 min- utes with the production of 7 pints of alcohol. A still more important result is, however, the driving of a horizontal engine at the rate of 120 turns per minute, under a pres- sure of 3% atmospheres, during one day in March last ; and, at a subsequent trial, the apparatus actuated a pump, raising at the rate of 264 gallons of water per hour one yard high. The pump was kept going from 8 o’clock in the morning to 4 in the evening, and neither strong winds nor passing clouds | sensibly disturbed its action. Among the countless electrical appliances, THE ELECTRIC BOILER INDICATOR, invented by M. Lethuiller & Pinel, of Rouen, deserves mention. By means of this ap- paratus the water level of a boiler may be ascertained at any distance from the latter. The arrangement employed for this purpose consists of an indicating tablet, which may | | AN INSTRUMENT FOR DETECTING GASES IN MINES. It consists of an ordinary unjust balance | experiment confirmed this. tion of the original components. one-third of its length. 2 perpendicular wire is hung; the top of the | tact with copper, iron, tin, lead and zinc. wire is constructed to grasp a ball filled | A certain quantity of water was added, and with common air, and a weight is attached after the lapse of a specified time the to the lower end to keep the air ball in posi- | powder was again analyzed. justment of the balance, which is connected | and sulphate of potassa. | with an electric bell. surrounded by gas lighter than common air|changes in moist powder, while lead, tin it descends ; when surrounded by gas heavier | and iron affected it in a minor degree. | than common air it ascends ; and when the Prof. Minchiu, of Cooper’s Hill Engineer- temperature of the atmosphere surrounding | ing College, has, according to Zngineering, the air ball is increased to 120 degrees, it | made some interesting observations on bursts and falls off the brass arm. The bal- VISUAL TELEGRAPHY,. ance is thus lightened, and it ascends as He has found that the current in a cel! when in the presence of choke damp, and | with silver plates, one of which is coated whether the action of the balance is ascend- | with an emulsion sensitive to light, does not be placed in any part of the establishment, | ing or descending, a connection of the elec- | always flow from the uncoated silver plate Fig. 1.—Plan of German Wire Nail Machine. Fig. 3.—Automatie Stop Device. however remote from the boiler house, in the office of the engineer or the superintendent, or within reach of the boiler inspector. This tablet is connected with the electric indicator, which is fixed at the top of a ver- tical tube above the boiler by two electric At the lower part of the | scale of the indicator are placed two pieces of copper, upon each of which is fastened a small platinum plate. These platinum plates are superposed at a distance of 0.08 inch, When the index, which is attached to a ver- tical rod connected to the float in the boiler, descends, it rests on the upper plate of pla- tinum, depresses it, and puts it in contact with the lower plate. An electric current is thereby established from a battery con- nected with the apparatus, causing a bell on the indicator to ring, while at the same time the sign ‘‘low water” appears on the tablet. Similar pieces of copper and pla- tinum are fixed at the upper part of the | scale, and when the index reaches this limit in consequence of the rising of the float, the bell rings as before, and the indication ‘‘ high water ” is shown on the tablet. remove the warning words from the tablet, a button is pressed, which returns the indi- | ponents of the powder had suffered partial | connecting some of these in circuit with the | census of 1870. transmitting cell, only the strips in circuit | the mania of the past few years for moving cating parts to their normal position. At the monthly meeting of the Mining In- stitute of Scotland, at Hamilton, Mr, Wilson, of Glasgow, exhibited Seceenes i tmnntincunndl Acmemenall Fig. 4.—Automatie Stop Device. A GERMAN WIRE NAIL MACHINE. tric current is formed, which causes the | to the coated one; but its direction depends electric bell to ring, the action referred to on the nature of the emulsion and the liquic being based upon the fact that fire damp is, in which the plates are immersed. _W her lighter than common air, with which the the emulsion is made with chloride o1 ball is filled, and that, if held in equilibrium bromide of silver, and the liquid is salt and in common air, upon its being introduced | water, the current does flow from the un into fire damp it would sink. | coated to the coated plate within the cell; | The Revue Industrielle summarizes the| but when the emulsion is prepared with iresults of a series of experiments made to| iodide of silver, and the liquid is distilled ascertain the causes affecting water tinctured with iodide of potash, the THE DETERIORATION OF POWDER. | current is from the coated to the uncoated | The fact that ordinary gunpowder suffers a| plate in the cell—that is, in the reverse di change after some time has been noted| rection to the former. In his former ex |before, and recent trials have confirmed | periments Prof. Minchin demonstrated that earlier observations. With army cartridges | the current set up in such a sensitive cell by |it was found that the velocity of the ball| the action of light on the sensitive plate | decreased as the age of the cartridge was | could be sent by a wire to a receiving cell greater. Careful weighing showed M. | placed in circuit, and there made to produce | Pothier, who conducted the trials, that the | chemical decomposition on the sensitive falling off in the power of cartridzes four | plate within the latter cell, which, on being years old was not due to differences in| developed by pyrogallic acid, was distinctly weight, but chemical analysis revealed the | visible. Prof, Minchin has now proved that | fact that certain changes had taken place. | this effect is localized to the part of the plate Both copper and zine were found to be con-| which receives the electric current and is |tained in the charge, while the presence of | immersed in the liquid of the receiving cell |bonate of ammonia proved that the com- | with the sensitive emulsion in the cell, ané decomposition. There was reason to believe L U therefore, that the cause of the deterioration | showed signs of chemical of the powder was twofold, on the one hand, | Moreover, | stances, and on the other to as low decomposi- liquid. Direct Powder, the made of brass wire, the fulcrum of which is | composition of which had been carefully On the long end a/| ascertained beforehand, was placed in con- It was found tion. On the short end of the beam a lead | that new products had been formed, among weight moves on a screw for the proper ad-' others salts of the metals experimented with Zine and, next in When the air ball is| order, copper caused the most important decomposition. this decomposition was only | further West. This has been the ‘‘ fashion ” $4.50 a Year, Including Postage. Single Copies, Ten Cents. An important new fact has further been brought to light by Prof Minchin. He finds that the light absorbed by fluorescent bodies is, partially at least, transformed into electricity, and he hopes to investigate whether or not the light stored up in phos- phorescent substances, such as Balmain’s ‘*]uminous paint,” is changed into electric- ity. The fluorescent silver plates which he employed were coated with an emulsion of | eosine and gelatine, and when the light of magnesium wire was allowed to fall onthem in the dark, a powerful current was gener- ated in the cell, as shown by a reflecting galvanometer. By the interposition of | colored glasses between the light and the plates, it was demonstrated that the current was due to the blue and violet rays of the spectrum, the red or heat rays producing little or no effect. The plates had been tried by Prof. Minchin for over a week and | still continued to yield good results, so that they might be considered a permanent source of photo-electricity, but for one drawback, namely, the tendency of the eosine to leave the gelatine in the emulsion. To obviate this defect of these plates, Mr. Wilson has suggested to Prof. Minchin the use of naptha- line red instead of eosine, because it is not apt to leave the gelatine, and Prof. Minchin has found it to give as strong a current as the eosine. I Use of Galvanized Iron in Australia. The extensive use of goods constructed from galvanized sheet iron, and also the use of iron goods which are galvanized in this country, has been at various times noted in our columns. The recent exhibition at Sydney, Australia, called forth a display of goods of this kind which, judging from the accounts that have reached us, was even more complete than the show of like goods at our Centennial Exhibition. A report be- fore us calls attention to the fact that few things were more striking to a visitor at this exhibition than the extent to which galvan- ized iron is used for all sorts of purposes. Owing to the readiness with which it can be worked, and its superiority to wood in resist- ing great heat and the frequent changes of the Australian climate, it was largely used in the construction of the principal exhibition buidings. It is in common use in that country, not only for roofs of buildings, but for fences and veran- das, and is almost exclusively employed for cisterns, wash tubs, buckets, &c. The exhibits gf this material made by various London and Wolverhampton houses com- prised plain and corrugated iron in sheets and in the formof cisterns, traveling trunks, roofing appliances, water pipes, cattle troughs, household utensils, &c. Some of the exhibitors showed models of the various ways, artistic and otherwise, in which both iron and sheet zinc may be used for building purposes, and claimed for their material pre- eminence in quality, malleability, strength and cheapness. In commenting upon ex- hibits, a correspondent lays special stress upon the goods shown by a London company which are specially well galvanized, having an extra heavy body of spelter on the sur face. From this it would seem that certain poiutsin the quality of galvanized iron goods were noticed in this exhibit which hav: so far failed to be taken into account to any extent in our own country. <A prominent feature of the galvanized goods exhibited was galvanized wire netting, which an account says has become an absolute necessity to check the incursion of rabbits and kanga- roos, which are committing serious depreda- tions in the interior. It is stated that im- ports of this material are reckoned by hun- dreds of lineal miles. Until some better coating than zinc is discovered for protecting iron, this material is destined to supersede various other sub- stances for use in buildings for both construc- tive and decorative purposes, as well as for various articles for use in the shop, upon the farm and in the household. Judging alone by newspaper accounts and the character of advertisements, it would seem that our Eng- lish cousins, both for their home trade and for colonial exports, are giving more atten tion to galvanized goods than are American houses. The trade, however, is on the in- crease here, and the merits of zinc as a protection to iron are becoming well known and thoroughly appreciated. _ ee |} At a conference in Hamburg in October, | 1879, Lieut. Weyprecht’s plan of establish ing a circle of international observing sta tions around the polar regions was consid- ered. As a result, several governments agreed to organize such stations during the | present year, and active preparations are now being made in various parcs of the | world to carry the scheme into effect. The United States Signal Service propose to lo cate an observatory at Point Barrow, in Alaska, while the How ate colony will form, at Lady Franklin Bav, another station in the international series. It is a surprising fact that the census re turns from portions of the interior counties | of the older Western States—Ohio, Indiana, In order to | sulphide and carbonate of potassa and car-| For, on immersing strips of silver coated | Michigan, Illinois and Wisconsin—show a decrease of population as compared with the This is accounted for by | into the new States and Territories of the being due to contact with metallic sub-' noticeable on the portions plunged in the | of late years. an cf ao ree a Phe a a en a es - * 7 a a 4) oe: Pistia 77 Pat a a LE ee we 9 THE IRON AGE: fActals. ANSONIA BRASS & COPPER CO., No. 19 Cliff Street, Phelps Building, NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS AND COPPER Sheets, Bolts, Rods, Wire, &c. Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. Ansonia Corrugated Stove Platforms. PURE COPPER WIRE For Electrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. Phosphor Bronze Rods for Pumps, &c. ANSONIA REFINED INCOT COPPER. PHELPS, DODGE & CO. IMPORTERS OF Waterbury Brass Co, CAPITAL, - - $400,000. Sheet, RoJl and Platers’ Brass, CERMAN SILVER, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire, BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, COPPER RIVETS & BURS, BRASS KETTLES, Door Rail, Brass Tags, PERCUSSION CAPS, POWDER FLASES, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Measures, dc. And small Brass Wares of every Description. Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Specialty. Sole Agents for the Capewell Mfg. Co.’s Line of Sport- ing Goods and Wood’s Paper Shot Shells. DEPOTS: Mille At TIN PLATE, 296 Broadway, New York, | WATERBURY, ROOFING PLATE, | 189 Eddy St., Providence, R. I. Conn. Sheet Iron, Copper, Pig Tin, Wire, Zinc, &c. MANUFACTURERS OF COPPER AND BRASS. CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. SCOVILL MFC CO BRASS 9 HINCES, WIRE, CERMAN SILVER. PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS. BUTTONS, CLOTH AND METAL. —_——___— DEPOTS, FACT ORIES, 419 & 421 Broome St., N, Y. Waterbury, Conn, 177 Devonshire St., Boston. New Haven, Conn, 183 Lake St. Chicago. New York City, DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO., Importers of Tin Plate, Pig Tin, Sheet Iron, Cooper, Wire, Zinc, Etc. 29 & 31 Clim &t., cor. Fulton, DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool. NEW YORK. Manhattan Brass Co., Manufacturers of Olmsted Patent Oilers, Prior Patent Oilers Broughton Patent Oilers, Brass, Tin & Zinc Oilers, Brass Tubing, Brass Butt Hinges, Zinc Tubing, Hurricane Lanterns, Brown’s Patent Picture Hooks. Fire Sets, Fenders, &c. BRASS BLANKS AND TUBES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION TO ORDER OFFICE AND WORKS, Ist Ave., 27th to 28th Sts., New York. THE NEW HAVEN COPPER CO., 255 Pearl Street, New York. Manufacturers of and Dealers in Braziers’ & Sheathing) wire » COPPER. Kettle Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, Rivets, Ingot Copper, Spelter, Solder, tc. Sheet Brass, Brass Wire, Copper Wire, Copper Rivets, Established 1837. Incorporated 1876. WATERBURY MFC. CO., WATERBURY, CONN. BRASS GOODS. A. C. NORTHROP, Waterbury, Conn., NOVELTIES IN BRASS AND OTHER METAL GOODS FOR HARDWARE TRADE. on, Round and Square Head Cap and Wrought Iron and Brass Machine Screws; Turned, Bes el I Plated and Bronze Trimmings of all Set Screws; Brass and Iron ry and Jack (hain; Gilt, N kinds, from Sheet Iron, Steel or Estimates on patented articles, or any description of Sheet Metal work, respectfully solicited and promptly given. ABRAM 8. HEWITT, President. JAMES HALL, Treasurer. WM. HEWITT, Vice President. E. HANSON, Secretary. TRENTON IRON COMPANY, (INCORPORATED 1847), TRENTON, NEW JERSEY, MANUFACTURERS OF IRON and STEEL WIRE OF ALL CRADES, BRIGHT, ANNEALED, COPPERED, TINNED AND GALVANIZED; Iron and Steel Wire Rods; EXTRA QUALITIES OF BAR IRON AND RODS. Best Qualities of Gun- Screw and Charcoal Iron Wire; Crucible, Siemens-Martin and Bessemer Steel Wire. Wire Straightened and Cut to Lengths. _ Bepresentes lia New York by © OOPER, HEWI TT & CO., oT Beriing Sp. BRODERICK & BASCOM, MANUFACTURERS OF STEEL WIRE ROPE. — . St. Louis, Mo. IRON WIRE ROPE. 800 N. Main St. / SRctals. Ea ThePlume & Atwood Mfg. Company, MANUFACTURERS OF SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burs, Kerosene Burners, Lamp Trimmings, &c. 80 Chambers Street, New York. 13 Federal Street, Boston. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. Rolling Mill, Factories, THOMASTON, Ct.| WATERBURY, Ct. Bridgeport Brass Co,, Sheet and Roll Brass, Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing, German Silver Metal and Wire, Copper and Iron Rivets. OILERS and CUSPADORES, j LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, LANTERNS and TRIMMINGS, | KEROSENE BURNERS, Clocks & Fly Fan Movements. | PLUMBERS’ MATERIALS. Particular attention paid to cutting out Blanks and manufacturing Metal Goods. MANUFACTORY, Bridgeport, Conn. Harrison Wire Company, ST. LOUIS, MO. WAREHOUSE, 19 Murray St., N. ¥. Cuas. FisH, Secretary. Taos. W. Fitcs, Prest. and Treas, MANUFACTURERS OF All kinds of IRON & STEEL WIRE Wire Mill ‘Specialties. Holmes, Booth & Haydens, WATERBURY, CONN. NEW YORK, BOSTON, 49 Chambers St. 18 Federal St. Manufacturers of all kinds of Brass, Copper & German Silver, ROLLED AND IN SHEETS, BRASS & COPPER WIRE, Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs, BRASS & IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. German Silver Spoons, SILVER PLATED FORKS & SPOONS, Kerosene Burners, &c. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Agents for Brooklyn Brass and Copper Co., Dealers in Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, Antimony, Solder & Old Metals, 100 John Street, N.Y. PASSAIC ZINC CO. Manufacturers of Pure Spelter FOR Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes AND ALL FINE WORK. Also for Galvanizers & Brass Founders. MANNING & SQUIER, Gen'l Agents 113 L alberty Street, NN. Y. Geo. W. Prentiss & Co., HOLYOKE, MASS., MANUFACTURERS OF WIRE. IRON g red, Annesied ‘and Tin GUN SCREW WIRE. Bright, coupe! Of all asea etraigchtened and cut tr araer The Schoenberg Metal Mfg. Co., Manufacturers of and Dealers in SOLDER, TYPE, Stereotype, Electrotype and Babbitt Metals, Importers of Blo * Tin, Antimony, &c. Refiners Lead, Spelter, &. Hi, ches £ rice paid fore Oid Metals and ali icinds or Dre sang ogee East ‘20th Street, hetween AV hae Ne WIRE ROPE For Plain, Barb and Strand Fencing, tinent July 15, 1880, Cal ite, ete. PHILIP L. MOEN, CHARLES F. WASHBURN, President & Treasurer. Vice President & Secretary. Washburn & Moen Mfg. Co. Established, 1831. Capital, $1,500,000 WORCESTER, MASS. WIRE DRAWERS. Patent Galvanizing, Rolling and Tempering, MANUFACTURERS OF IRON, AND IRON AND STEEL WIRE, A SPECIALTY MADE OF GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH WIRE, GALVANIZED TELEPHONE WIRE, PATENT STEEL WIRE BALE TIES, PATENT STEEL BARB FENCING, AND PUMP CHAIN. ST. LOUIS WAREHOUSE: 802 No. Second St. NEW YORK OFFICE: 21 Cliff St, CHICAGO WAREHOUSE: 107 Lake St, : a = Se Se Aes NATIONAL WIRE & LANTERN WORKS, ‘Sadeus | 45 Fulton St. N.Y, HOWARD & MORSE, Manufacturers of Brass, Copper & Iron Wire Cleth, Locomotive Spark Whe Cloth, Iron Wire Bolting Cloth, Ship and Raltlilroad Lanterns, Signal Lights, Conduc- tors’ Lantern, Adjustable Globe Hand Lantern, Desk & Office Railing, Riddles Coal & Sand Screens, Nursery Fenders & Spark Gu ards, Ornamental Wire Fence, WORKS ROE , PESLING Ss <ye New York Office wareneute 117 Liberty Street THE JOHN A sail ‘SONS CO, MANUFACTURERS OF om and Steel WIRE Market Wire, Fence Wire Bridge Wire, Chain Wire, Buckle Wire, Spring Wire, Suspension Bridge Cables. Rivet Wire, &c., &e, GALVANIZED WIRE CLOTHES LINES. GALVANIZED Iron, Steel and Copper | Telegraph Wire, Hoisting eae ate of all Market Wire, Kinds, for Ferries, Stays, Ship Rigging, Sash Cords, Lightning Rods, &c., &c. Vineyard Wire. IRON AND STEEL WIRE ROPE For Hoisting, Running & Standing Ropes, Ferries, &. CONSTANTLY KEPT ON HAND. Address, HAZARD MFG. CO., Wilkesbarre, Luzerne Co., Pa. FELTEN & GUILLEAUME, Carlswerk, near Cologne, Germany. PATENT CRUCIBLE STEEL WIRE, For Mining and Plow Ropes, Hawsers and Bridge Cables SIEMENS-MARTIN AND BESSEMER STEEL WIRE, Flusseisen, Swedish and German Charcoal Wire. GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH WIRE of Charcoal and Swedish Iron and Steel, also with high conductivity, and in long lengths. GALVANIZED STEEL WIRE, 3+ 4and 7 ?-ply Strand, Staptes, &c. Annealed and Oiled Fencing ire, round and oval. WIRE ROPE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. TELEGRAPH CABLES. Contractors to the German and Fo »vernment The oldest house in the braneh on the C« Telegraph Address, © AKLSW i KK, “ OL OG NE. General Agents for U. 8S. and Canada, PERKINS & CHOATE, 23 Nassau St, N, Y. J. WOOL GRISWOLD. ppg WIRE RAILING AND Wire Works. No. 36 North Raa -_ _ Ma nufac ‘ture WIRE RAILING for Cemeteries, Bale D &c.; Sieves, Fenders, Oages, Sand and Co oa! | Seres ens, Woven Wire, fron Bedsteads *”Onsirs Setteos, &c. Manufacturer of WwiRE, TROY, N. Y. Ornamental - Se HO pres Ps SIL’ Cesi, G L Also © S. H, Shipping No, 29 furnished of mereh, to at a sa’ Entries o work effe: freight co euarantee < *stinatio Solicited, ot IRON y De A general Rails kept ¢ “ade prom W. E C.C 5. W. ING *.P. Hos MOSES META Anda R. SE Dealer Plate x > & St. NY. fine Cloth, s, Conduc- ;, Riddles, ‘ire Fence, rk Office house rty Street 0, Steel E ence Wire sain Wire, ring Wire, ae. E ‘ies, &C. 0., Pa. RE, "TRE lengths. Oiled Fencing he? = h on the Cov a NYe LING Works: ° Balsimere- heteries, Balco Chairs d and Coal July 15, 1880. Patentees and Sole Manufacturers of 0. LINDEMANN & CO.,/§ Spring Brackets for Bird Cages, And manufacturers of the largest variety of Japanned, Brass and Tin-Plated Cages in this Country. Catalogues furnished to the trade. 254 Pearl Street, New York. Bird CARYWT & MOEN, | STEEL WIRE far all ournsena ana STEEL SPRINGS of avery daccrintion, icon saurhet stee: Wire, Crinviime Wire, tewpered aud coyerca, Also Patent Tempered Steel Furniture Springs, constantly on hand. NEW YORK 234, 236 and 238 West 29th Street, - e o o o WESTON’S DIFFERENTIAL PULLEY BLOCKS. YALE LOCK MFC. CO, Jive: Office and Works, STAMFORD, CONN, 53 Chambers 36 Pearl St., 506 Commerce St., THE IRON AGE: 5 EE ee ,,,,,, | Philadelphia as a Commercial Manu- residents. With the freedom of movement facturing Center. belonging to all classes in this country, populations disperse rapidly where Manufacturers of business The Philadelphia Ledger says: Thecen- fails, and gather as rapidly where business < sus of population just taken affords a meas- flourishes. If Philadelphia had no more of Ps ure of the distinctive place of Philadelphia manufactures than Boston or Baltimore. it rae - mg American cities. While tho other would very soon have no more population ~ ee large cities on the northern Atlantic sea- than they. Its commerce has recently in oe: board get their growth mainly from their creased rapidly, but not more so than that aN Ss & : increased commerce, ours is principally due of the other cities named. rh have pee > S to the rapidly augmenting manufactures of gained probably tco,000 each, chiefly byw 2S which Philadelphia is the center. Itis not the growth of their commerce, and Phi SS Ss easy to make accurate division of the popu- adelphia has gained a less number from tle eB lation of any city, so as to separate that part same cause; but Philadelphia has gained ct = a of it which may be referred to commercial least 100,000 from the increase of its manu " a = pursuits from those to be credited to any factures since 1870, -_ it now has half te other prevailing interest, for the reason that a million of pe ople re 1 in one way and x U both commerce and manufactures give occa- | another to this as the’ business interest, sion alike for the employment of a multi- tude of other trades, protessions, occupa tions and personal services which are neces- sary to the community, whether built up by commerce or manufactures, or both, though strictly they belong toneither. If, however, all of our city population could be roughly divided between what is the outgrowth of r attendant upon it—and actual manufactures of the city of whas may related in the same way to its York are chiefly of the classes using finished manufactures, the proportions might be and valuable materials to which a small found to approximate 350,000 for commerce | percentage of value is added in the manu and all its attendant population, and 500,000 | facture, as clothing, and all descriptions of for manufactures and all cf the auxiliary articles worn, costly ornamental goods, trades, professions, occupations and personal jewelry, &c. Their aggregate amount is service necessary for that many p:ople. To| very large, but a less number of persons is get at this in another way we may take | employed to produce them. the returns from Boston, Baltimore and our This simple comparison of the three cities and the city is by so icc greater than ary city holding a like merce. Similar results would be disclosed by a comparison with New York. Commerce there is ten times greater than at Philade!- phia, and the commercial population is at least three times as great at the lowest. The Ne Ww position in general com SALESROOMS, St... New Work. Boston. Philadelphia. BROWN & BROTHERS, Stanley Rule & Level Co., MANUFACTURERS OF 81 Chambers St., N. Y. Waterbury, asi | Manufacturers of BRASS, COPPER AND GERMAN SILVER, Carpenters’ In Sheets, Rolls, Rods, Wire, Tubing, Rivets and Burs, Etc. PATENTED SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER | HOUSE BOILERS, warranted to stand 200 lbs. pressure and guaranteed against vacuum, PATENTED SPRING TEMPERED SHANK, SILVEK-PLATED, FLAT TABLE WARE, in rich | cesigns. _ GERMAN SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS. POPE,COLE & Co. BALTIMORE COPPER WORKS, No. 57 South Gay St., BALTIMORE, MD., Have always on hand and for sale INGOT COPPER, Also Cakes, of unequalled purity and toughness. ‘44 Wrought lron Fence, Our specialty. Also Crestings, Finials and Vanes; Stable Fixtures, Hitching Posts, Door and Window Guards, Wrought Iron Grat- ings, &c. Address CLEVELAND WROUGHT IRON FENCE WORKS, J. H. VAN DORN, | Proprietor, CLEVELAND, Ohio, U. 8. A. S, H, PAYNE, Freight Broker, Shipping. Insurance, Custom House & Forwarding Agent, No. 29 PECK SLIP NEW YORK, U.S. A. Goods received for re-shipment to all parts of | the world. Insurances effected, Bills of Lading furnished, and all matters relative to x postatios of merchansise carefully and _— attended to ata savingin Freight and Terminal charges. Entries of Goods made and all Canton House work effectually done. Claims for overcharges of freight collected free of charge. Rates of freight guaranteed (when desired) from st +rtiog point to a covering all charges. Correspondence solicite _ ALL, WaeauedT 1aoN, THE MONTOUR IRON & STEEL COMPANY, Works at Danville, Pa. RAILS =“ “22 AND PIC IRON.| A general] assortment of Mine and Narrow-Gauge | tails kept on hand, from which shipments can be — seemagey. . BE. C. COXE, President, Reading, Pa. 5S. W. INGERSOLL, Treas., Philadelphia, Pa. F. P. HOWE, General Supt., Danville, Pa. | fa) TAYLOR | MOSES GOLDSMITH & SON, Key Bow 156, CHARLESTON, Wholesale dealers in METALS, IRON, RAGS, And = kinds of Paper Stock. We invite ite correspondence. R.SELLEW & CO.| Dealer in METALS, Tin Plate, Sheet Iron, Copper, &c. SAINT LOUIS. &. ©. | FIRE SAND AND if Improved Tools. Manufacturers of Baliley’s Patent Adjustable Planes, General Agents for the sale cf Leonard Bailey & Co.'s ** Victor Planes, Manufacturers of ** Deflance”’ Patent Adjustable Planes. FACTORIES, New Britain, Conn. WAREROOMS, 29 Chambers St., New York, This Advertisement is Changed Every Week, D. G. GAUTIER, Chairman. NEW YORK Eastern Office & Warehouse, 93 John Bt. D, J, MORRELL, Treasurer. sanles Has & coperibing GAUTIER STEEL CO., LIMITED. woRK Ss: JOHNSTOWN, PENN, Figs. 5 and 6.—Pointing Device. CHAS. DOUGLASS, Gen’! Supt. Fence Staples, Black or Galvanized, in roo Ib, kegs. Staple Barbs, Coppered or Galvanized, Fig. 8.—Plan and Elevation of Detaching Device. Fig. 7.—Pointing Chisels. A GERMAN WIRE NAIL MACHINE. in roo Ib. kegs or 25 Ib. boxes. first named is conclusive as to the manufac vring superiority of Philadelphia. Its population is greater than that of Boston own city. Philadelphia has a greater popu- lation than Boston and Baltimore together, and at least one-half of its inhabitants can- not find occasion for their presence in the and Baltimore together, and while conduct foreign commerce it conducts. Each of the ing a large external commerce, and being three cities is fairly situated for commerce itself a large commercial city, it is, in addi PHILADELPHIA OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE, 505 Commerce St. WILLIAM V OGEL, Manufacturer of Plain and Stamped TINWARE, SEAMLESS BOXES, ROUND, OVAL AND SQUARE CANS. Special Articles Manufactured of 41, 43 & 45 South 9th Street, Near the Ferries, HENRY J. VOGEL. MOULDING SAND. Albany Sand a Specialty. with foreign countries, and each has had tion, the largest distinctive manufacturing opportunities for development, obstructed city in this country, if not in the world, and only by the rivalry of other ports at acon- hes a population of several bundred thou siderable distance, although New York has sand inhabitants in inaustries beyond and been more in the way of Philadelphia than unknown to either of its commercial as- of either of the others, and but for the sociates. It is not possible that this vast proximity of New York, Philadelphia would distinctive population should not produce have had a much larger commercial growth. what is usually claimed for them, and Of the three under comparison, Boston has should not constitut» a great source of the largest commerce, and has grown from wealth. 60,000,000 in value of exports and imports — - together in 1870, to nearly 90,000,000 in Largest Concrete Tank in England. 1879-80; Philadelphia having grown from —- 31,500,000 to 65,000,000 in the same time, At a recent excursion of the students of and Baltimore from 34,000 000 to 65,000,000, the Institute of Civil Engineers, they visited As a commercial city Philadelphia is no the South Metropolitan Gas Works, London more than the equal of Baltimore, and is The following is the account given by Mr. much behind Boston. Comparing them as Livesey, the engineer and secretary of the commercial cities, with no more given to company, to them. He explained that the Philadelphia than the proportion of manu- works contained few new features, except a Sheet Metals. BROOKLYN (E. D.), N. ¥. LOUIS Hw. } H. VOGEL. FOUNDRY FACINGS, factures represented by Boston and Balti- more, they would stand as follows series of large gas tanks and holders, in which the company were trying to solve the Boston, population, 1870, 250,526 ; popula- problem of erecting, at a reasonable outlay tion, 1880, 365,000. c+pacious gasometers that should be water Baltimore, population, 1870, 267,354; popu- and gas-tight, on a low, marshy site, of very 1 lation, 1880, 350,000. unfavorable character for securing stability Shovels, Riddles, Brushes, dec. Philadelphia, population, 1870, 674,022; of foundation. The gasometers stand in population, 1880, 847,542. Estimated pro- line on the company’s works in the order of WHITEHEAD BROS. AMERICAN FACING CO. WM. WHITEHEAD, Treas., 517 W. 15th St, New York. Manufacturers, Importers and Dealers in PHILADELPHIA, ODD AND REGULAR S'ZES TIN & ROOFING PLATES Metals, Black and Galvanized Sheet Iron, Wire, Copper, Stamped Ware, portion of this related in all ways to com- mercial pursuits in 1870, 250,000; similar estimate for 1880, 350,000. If Philadelphia's manufactures bore no greater proportion to her commerce than do those of Boston and Baltimore to their commercial returns, our number of inhabitants would probcbly not exceed their combined population as they now do, But a Philadelphia city much greater than that represented by its commerce is shown to exist, representing manufactures, and, while remaining much below Boston. com- mercially, the entire city is, both in 1870 and 1880, much greater than Boston and Philadelphia over both, in 1870, 156,142, and in 1880, 135,000. Nothing could be more forcible as a proof of the distinctive supremacy of Philadelphia in inanufactures. No center of population can be created originally, or can be main tained after it has been created, without an inherent force and a prcductive energy which is constant in its action and perma nent in its effects. Nocity can have more than a certain proportion of casual or idle ito render the time at which they were erected, as well as in size. Tke chief improvement has been in the construction of the tank. The soil of the company’s works, after a few feet of loam and a layer of gravel, is a fine running green sand, shifting in position, if wet, at every disturbance of the bed; at the depth of about 45 feet this is succeeded by a ¢ inch layer of flints, apd that again by chalk deposits of unknown thickness, pierced by numerous sprigs. The difficulty encountered was that as each fresh excavation for a tank was made, the sand ‘‘ ran” or those already built, ‘*blowed,” endanvering and vr some cases occa to the ground level, in order sides impervious, and in the center a cone of puddle was erected as a support to the roof of the gas holder The next tank, formed in 1871-2, was 152 feet 6 inches diamet. r and 33 teet 6 inches deep. It was of ** composite” character, of brick and concrete. The excavation was lined with g-inch brickwork, witha 14-inch course of bricks at every 2 feet, to serve as a key ing for the concrete backing, varying from z~. 5 3 Baltimore together. | sioning troublesome cracks and leaks, which ee : 187 188 had to be remedied. The first tank of th: £ Boston........ . eereeers 250,520 395,000 | series was constructed in 1866, and is 127 Baltimore 207,354 3 50, Ox . é s . ~_ | feet 6 inches internal diameter, and is em & Total.... — 17,880 715,000 | bedded 35 feet 6 inches below the surface. Cc : Philadelphia. . 674,022 850,000 ' Tt was built in brickwork, surrounded by clay puddling ~~ Se 3 FO yr om te es % we a Aa <n rr _ oe — cme -_ . 4 ‘le tlie ee ee a ee _— 2 anal. « a _ 7s © theme ae mn = e __—- os 4 THE IRON AGE. ‘A. B. Warner & Son, | IRON MERCHANTS, weed | & 29 West and 52 Washington ots, BOILER PLATE, Boller Tubes, Angle, Tee & Girder tron, Boller and Tank Rivets. Sole Agents for the celebrated —|“Kureka,” Pennocks, “Wawasset,” Lukens, Brands of Iron. Alsoall descriptions of Plate, Sheet, and Gasometer Iron. Special attention to Locomotive Iron, Fire Box Iron a specialty. — ROME MERCHANT IRON | MILLS, OGDEN & WALLACE, Successors to GAM’. G. SMITH & CO., TRON & STE ca 85,37,89 & 91 ELM ST., N.Y. COMIMON AND R BAR IRON. SHEET AND PLATE IRUN, HOOP, BAND AND SCROLL IRON, | Rod and Horse Shoe Iron, Angle and T Iron, Swedes and Norway Iron, Norway Nall Rods, lron of all | sizes and shapes made to order. PIERSON & CO,, Established 1790, 24 & 26 Broadway, 77 & 79 New St. SESE | tesatuinmam = - Ree st grade of Bar Iron, Bands and Fine Hoops. | | Serolls, Ovals, Half Ovals, Half Rounds, Hexagon and | Horse Shoe Iron. Also from Charcoal Pp ig ti superior ec NEW YORK CITY, uality of Iron branded J.G. All pudd balls re € a BY hammer. Orders may rhe sent to the Millor e |toJ. O. CARPENTER, our Agent, at 59 Jonn | Streets New York. | All Sizes and Shapes kept in Stock,, MARSHALL LEFFERTS, 90 Beekman St., New York City, A BEI EE L B ROTH HER S, | MANUFACTURER AND DEALFR, Iron Merchants, Galvanized Sheet Iron, Ist and 2d Qualities. 190 South Street and 365 Water, N. Y. Galvanized wire, Tele egraph and Fence ; Galvanized | Iron alvanized Rod and Bar Iron, U LST Ee R | R O N Galvan astined Nails, Galvanized Chain, Galvanized ros | A full assortment of all sizés constantly on hand. CORRUGATED SH FET IRON Refined Iron, Horse-Shoe Iron, For Roofing, &c., Galvanized, Plain or Painted. Best Charcoal, Best Refined and Common Common Iron, SHEET IRON. Band, Hoop and Scroll Iron, Sheet Iron, > Plate and "Tank Iron, Cc 1S Be 1 Flange, Best Flange, Norway Nail Rods, Norway Shapes, Cast, Spring and Tire Steel, etc, A. R. Whitney, Manufacturer of and Dealer in IRON, 56, 58 & 60 Hudson 48, 50 & 52 Thomas, and NEW sin 12, 14416 Worth Sts., Oar specialty is in Mianufacturing Iron Used in the Con- struction of Fire-Proot Buildings, Bridges, 4c. Plans and estimates furnished, and contracts made for erecting Iron Structures of every description. Books containing cuts 01 all Iron made sent on ap-| JAMES plication by mail. Sample pieces at office. C No. 1,C H No. Best Flange Fire Box, C BOILER IRON Stamped and Guaranteed. All descriptions of Iron Work Galvanized or Tinned to order. __ Price list an list and id quotations sent upon application. -W. BAILEY LANG, Sole Agent In United States & Canada for LOW-MOOR IRON COMPANY, NO. 50 BEEKMAN ST., NEW YORK. WILLIAMSON & CO., SCOTCH AND AMERICAN PIG IRON, No. 69 Wall St., New York. Please address 58 Hudson Street, BORDEN & LOVELL, Commission Merchants 70 & 71 West St., "ewes }=6=6 Ss New York. Agents for the sale of Fall River lron Co.’s Nails, Bands, Hoops & Rods. Borden Mining Company’s Cumberland Coals. aL H WALLACE & co, | ‘OM Bridge Builders IRON MERCHANTS | Beams, Channels, Angles, Cor. Albany & Washington Sts., TEES, xu TORE GeFF. Merchant Iron, &c., &c. Ww. BIsrpHamM. 18 Wall St., New York. —— PATERSON, N. J. _™ HH. WALLACE. B. F. JUDSON, Importer of and Dealer in SCOTCH AND AMERICAN Pig Iro Wrought & Cast Scrap Iron, WATTS Coors. Presider oO PAYERW EATHER, Treasurer. * 130,132 4134 Sonar manent, New Ween. IRON AND STEEL BOILER PLATE | Lap-Welded Boiler Tubes, &c., &c, 0 LD ME ALS. Agent for Otis’ eelebgeted Cast Stoel Bx ier. Pisses, yao coateey ille Iron Co, Pottstown Iron T 457 & 459 Water St.,/ 233 3& 2354 South St. oo) ~ DANIEL F. COONEY, (Late of and Successor to Jas. H. eo SS Washington St. NEW YORK, | # "Bess fecte,tes hiven HUGH W. ADAMS, DEALER IN FOREIGN AND AMERICAN Estimates furnished for all kinds of Iron Work. | 56 PINE STREET, NEW Y Oo RK, BOILER PLATES and SHEET IRON, | RAILWAY, PIG AND SCRAP IRON. LAP WELDED BOILER on er Rivets, Angle & T Iron, Cut Nelle ‘ Al Agency f or Pe ttstown Iron Co., Viaduct Iron W<« wus, Lebanon Ro'ling Millis, Pine iro yn Works, Laurel Lr ork 6, The Bergen Re ling Mills, at Jersey City D. L. COBB. stem ROOFING & SIDING, mm Iron Buildings, Beate Banker and Note Broker, No 3and 5 Wall Street, | NEW YORK. IRON RUBBER, Powe Skylights, Bridges, &c. MOSELEY IRON BRIDGE AND ROOF CO. HARDWARE, METAL, PAPER AND PAPERK-HANGINGS, LUMBER, 5 Dew Street. New York. ND PAILROAD PAPER WANTED. De oe ADVANCES MADE ON BUSINESSS PAPER AND OTHER BECU RITIES. Geo! ‘A. Boynto Hot Pressed Nuts, <)°BROKER IN IRON Me 5 A ‘ a July 15, 1886, G fron. | Xron. | ¥von. Xron. ; Evon. NEW YORK. NEW YORK. NEW YORK. PITTSBURGH. PITTSBURGH. _ < A. G. HATRY, Commission Merchant, Bar, Sheet, Tank, Boiler, Angle, T, and Rallroad Iron, And Railroad Equipment. Nails & Spikes Steel & R. R. Supplies, WINDOW GLASS, GAS PIPE & BORAX. PITTSBURGH, PA. John W. Quincy, |W, D, WOOD & CO.’S 98 William Street, New York. Anthracite & Charcoal Pig Irons, Wrought Scrap, Cut Nails, Copper; BLOCK TIN, LEAD, SPELTER. ANTIMONY, NICKEL, &e HARRISON & GILLOON IRON AND METAL DEALERS, 558, 560, 562 WATER ST., and 902, 304, 306 CHERRY 8T., NEW YORK, JL UNIATA PATENT Planished Sheet Iron. Patented March 14th, 1865 ; April 8th, 1873 ; Sept. 9th, 1873; Uct. 6th, 1874; Jan. 11, 1876. Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to the IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, and at a much less price. FOR SALE, by all the principal METAL DEALERS In the Large cities throughout THE UNITED STATES. And at their Office, 111 Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA. | Tig. ad Poe. SNOW SHOES. Manufacture to order The only Snow Shoes in the market that abso BEST REFINED CHARCOAL AND aay peovens all balling and give universal satis POLISHED SHEET IRON, ‘improved Snow Shoe Shapes. Taggers Iron and Bessemer Steel Plate, Standard Size in quality a size to the wants of consum- ers. Also aeattanes Terne Plates in Special 57-16, 11-16X7-16, 4%X7-16, 13- a ah %x7-16, UX 15-16K 44, 1X44, 1 1-16K%, 1 1-Bxk. Sizes, from omen to2 STEEL TOE CALKS., Que Ge Sorint waneren ay mere’ SHOENBERGER & CO., — Portsmouth Iron and Steel Co., Works at Demmler, ‘Allegheny Co., Pa, Successors to Eastern Sales Agents 1232 Market st., Phila. GAYLORD ROLLINC MILL CoO., Manufacturers of ELY & WILLIAMS, 4"; John st. X.Y Siemens-Martin (Open Hearth) 36 Oliver st., Boston. meses" | STEEL BOILER PLATE, PORTSMOUTH, OHTO. 88 Fourth ave., cor. Wood st., Pittsburgh. PITTSBURGH. _ Agricultural and Machinery Steel J. C. LEWIS, GEO, 8. LEWIS John |. Williams. Nathan M. McDowell. IRON c0., (B. G. CLARKE, Cut Nails SPIKES. J. 8. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, NEW ON - BURDEN’S HORSE SHOES. ‘Burden Best” lron Receiver, ) Boiler Rivets. Burden lron Works, H. Burden & Sons, Old — a eae Axles, Springs, , Turnings, &c., PIG IRON, "BLOOMS AND BAR IRON. PIG IRON, Merchant Bar, po fim a Sheet Iron, Wroughr Iron and Steel Rails, All Sizes, Office on Werks : BLOOMS AND ORE, Henry M. Long. Troy, N. Y. EGLESTON BROS. & CO., 166 South Street, } 267 Front Street, NEW YORK CITY. St. Louis Malleable Iron Company, 2116 MARKET STREET, ST. LOUIS, MO. Cc. Dealer in ~ ©. A. von Bonnhorst. “RA. Wilson, and Steel Tire. Pres’t and Gen'l Sup't. Bec'y and Treas Keystone Rolling Mill, IRON and STEEL. R. A. WI LSON & CO., Also, Homogeneous Iron Boiler Plate and Riveta, Williams, Long & McDowell, ULSTER IRON WORKS, Tuckerman, Mulligan & Co. Passaic Rolling Mill C0. New York Office, Room 45, Astor House. | CARMICHAEL & EMMENS, so. 1e Rolling Mills, and Union Tube Works; Ww ro pught "| CORRUGATED AND CRIMPED IRON shipments to New York, Boston, Philadelphia, } Shutters, Doors, ¢ Jornices, FULLER BROTHERS &«CO., } ow WALL ST, N NX. . 139 Greenwich Street, New York. B U R D EN’ > Manufacturers of Henry M. FIutey, Joun D, Fitiey 7 President. Secretary Fa be B. & S. Merchant Bar and Skelp Iron, MANUFACTURERS OF AND Sheets and Plates of all sizes, | Malleable and Gray Office, No, 87 Water Street, Iron Castings, Pittsburgh, Pa. Mill at Sono, », Second | Avenue. | GENERAL HARDWARE, &c, N. M. HOGLUND’S > CO., Stockholm. Te THOS. DOUGLASS, 150 Broadway, New York, Swedish & Norway = BAR IRON, of every description. Stock on hand at Boston, OLD RAILS, WROUGHT SCRAP, aa and Philadelphia. Importation orders @ PIG IRON, MANGANESE, GUSTAF LUNDBERG, 38 Kilby st., Cae | ea _ALBERT POTTS, Philadelphia Agent, 234 & 236 N. as Ame la ~ ZUG & CO. Pittsburgh, Pa., Manufacturers of Wheeler's Iron & Steel Combination Shafting, Under license of the Combination Trust Co., Philadelphia. ULSTER BAR IRON. All sizes and shapes ip stock. Also Best Grades of | Am, & Eng, Ref'd Iron,Common Iron,&c} ELIZABETHPORT ROLLING MILL, Elizabethport, N. J., Common and Refined | BAR IRON,!! Fish Plates, Spikes, &c. Address, DANIEL W. RICHARDS & CO,, {Importers of and Dealers in Scrap Iron and Metals, New York. 88 to 96 Mangin St., W. S. MIDDLETON, Broker in Machinery & Iron Agent for FORSTER’S CRUSHER & PULVERIZER, The best in market. w.s. -&. MIDDLETON, 52 Joha St., N. ¥. Glengarnock and Carnbroe — SCOTCH PIG IRON. For spot delivery and for prompt or forward This Shafting is superior to any now on the market, and the attention of machinists is particularly called to it and a tr ial order solic ited. Prices furnished on applic ation. LEECH BURG . IRON WORKS. KIRKPATRIC K & CO., Manufacturers of all grades of FINE SHEET TrRONSs, (Refined, Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel.) TIN AND TERNE PLATES, made with Natura! Gas as tuel, OFFICE, No, 116 Water St., Pittsburgh, Pa. WORKS, Leechburg, Pa. ANDREW KLOMAN, | Baltimore or New Orleans. PITTSBURGH, PA., For sale in lots to suit by JAMES LEE & CO., | Sole Agents for the United States, 7 72 Pine Street, New York. MANUFACTURER OF Steel and iron Structural Material EYE BAR BLANK AS IT LEAVES THE ROLLS. 5 Bolts, Washers, &c. HED FROM THE SAME. EYE BAR FINIS Kloman Patent Solid Rolled Eye Bars, finished in Lron or Steel without welding or * nee tting. Universal Mill Plates of Iron or Steel. Steel Rails of all sizes and patterns, Splice rs SPECIALTY—Unusual shapes and sizes in ag or Hon: Ancien, Tees and other Bd shapes in ron or Stee Ls Sn as LLC MANUFACTURERS’ FOUNDRY sOQPeO oe «=. . © Rail Gener JAM 4 fitted 1 Ores, § Price li 1886, £ ant, le, T, nt. plies, AX, 1at abso sal satis- pes. 16, AXM% is, bu rgh, Pa. | Co, c