The Iron Age 1880-03-11: Vol 25 Iss 11

TY, /ES prs. rome ee Vol. XXV : No. 11. een Gas Firing for Steam Boilers. In no country, probably, has necessity enforced a closer economy of fuel and a bet- ter utilization of mferior grades of combus- tibles than in Germany, and it is natural that there engineers and manufacturers should at an early period turn to gas fir- ing as a means of reducing the cost of generating steam, especially since numerous applications in metallurgy held out promise of success. It was soon found that the heating of the air of combustion and the simultaneous cooling of the side walls of the producer were important elements, and that a point carefully to be considered was the thorough admixture of the air and gas at the proper point consistent with a due re- gard for the durability of the furnace. A very interesting series of experiments in this direction were made recently by Herr Haupt, of Brieg, whose apparatus are shown in the accompanying illustrations. The plant first adopted and tried by him was that shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, in which G repre- sents the producer, having a charging hop- per, A. The air for this producer was fur- nished by a Koerting injector, a system meeting with much favor on the Continent. This air was heated to an average tempera- ture of 190 degrees, by being passed through pipes built into the walls of the producer and the boiler, as shown in the drawings. lt will be seen that the gases, passing by the valve v, Fig. 1, through the flue c, swept by the fire-brick arches z z, Figs. 1 and 3, and mixing with the air coming in from the side, turned into a small mixing chamber, from which they issued and ignited at the points a a, Figs. t and 3. err Haupt found by experiment that the distance between this point of ignition and the boiler affected the results very materially, the most favorable distance being about 24 inches, It was noticed that the arrange- ment shown in Fig. 3 (see page 3), of allow- ing the air to come from one side only, was unsatisfactory, as it did not admit of as thorough a mixture of air and gas as was desirable. The construction was modified, as shown in Fig. 6 (see page 3), and it was observed that the maximum temperature was generated near the points a a (Fig. 6), and that at 6 6, the temperature had fallen to about 1770° F. This fact accounts for the durability of the fire-brick arches, as well as for the immunity of the bottom of tke boiler from injury. A good deal of trouble was, however, met with in the man- agement of the producer, particularly as it only worked, at most, for three days with any single description of coal, the quality of the coal being then changed in order that another variety might be experimented with. If very bituminous coal were used the whole mass fused together in the producer, and was only broken up with very great diffi- culty; if the coal were very small it pro- duced little gas, and the blast had to be in- creased, which often cut air-ways through the mass and caused partial explosions. The maximum evaporations were 8.5 lbs. to 9 lbs. of water per pound of coal, and the minimum, 5 lbs. to 6 lbs., the actual evap- orations being reduced to their equivalents, which would have been obtained had the water been boiled off at atmospheric pres- sure, and the temperature of the feed beén 32° F. The greatest difficulty was, how- ever, found in lighting the gas and getting under way at starting. This was done by inserting a torch into the hole of Figs. 1 and 2, but, notwithstanding the great care used in doing so, partial explosions took place several times; so the whole arrangement of separate producer was abandoned, as those responsible for the safety of the boiler, which was working at a pressure of 90 to 105 lbs. per square inch, hesitated to con- tinue the experiments under the circum- stances. In order to arrive practically at the best form and proportions for the producer in its new and simpler type, an experimental fur- nace embodying some new features was built, the bottom of the fire arch being kept at a distance of about 2 feet above the grate level. Several different kinds of fuel were tried, some containing as much as 50 or 60 per cent, of ash, as well as the mud re- maining in the coal-washing machines ; but even with these very unfavorable fires it was impossible to choke the furnace. These re- sults were considered so promising that the separate producer shown in Figs. 1 and 2 was taken down, andyeplaced by that shown in Figs. 4 and 5, all the necessary alterations having been carried out by four bricklayers in three days. After the alterations were completed, it was found possible, when firing with gas, to evaporate 1% lbs. to 2% lbs. more water per pound of coal than had been evaporated when the boiler was fired in the ordinary way; it was also observed that the boiler was capable of generating twice the weight of steam obtained formerly. In a trial carried on for 11 hours, the coal-fired boiler evaporated about 11,000 !bs. of water, at a pressure of 90 lbs. to 105 lbs. per square inch, the feed temperature being 50° F. The total heating surface exposed was 450 square feet, or, say, 2325 lbs. of water evap- orated per hour per square foot of heating surface. Under similar conditions the gas- fired boiler evaporated from 20,000 lbs, to 23,540 lbs. of water, or say, from 4.41 lbs, to 5 lbs. of water per square foot of heating surface per hour, and even at this high rate of evaporation the temperature in the flue deading to the chimney never exceeded 662° F. The aogt rapid evaporation possible to produce A Review of the Hardware, Iron and Metal Trades, New York, Thursday, March 11, 1880. rose to 932° F., and the evaporation of | water per pound of coal diminished to 6 lbs, | to 6% lbs. The temperature at W in Fig. | 5 was found, bya Weinhold pyrometer, to} be 2306° F., which is considered to be | much below that often locally generated | under boilers fired in the ordinary way. This, and the almost perfect uniformity of | the heat produced, are the principal causes | of the moderate wear and tear which takes | place in the boilers and in the fire-brick | with the coal-fired boiler was 19,250 lbs., but | solute failures were nearly seven to every aging to strikers ; but the proportion given in Massachusetts is larger than it usually is, the general fact being that only one out of ten strikes achieves its aim. nD SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL. Mr. Robert Gill, writing to the Engineer, describes A PRESSURE GAUGE FOR SMALL PRESSURES, The Iron Age Published every Thursday Morning by DAVID WILLIAMS, No. 83 Reade Street, New York. Entered at the Post Office, New York, as Second-Class Matter. — a 82.560 a Year, Including Postage. Single Copies, Ten Cents. | P . ‘ | . ja Mr. Smith, of Nottingham, and intended| Mr. Gramme, the well-known French the temperature of the escaping gases then | absolute success. This is not very encour- | to indicate the strength of steam in steam |desizner and builder of dynamo-electric engine boilers. It is particularly adapted | machines, has recently brought out for steamboats, and can be placed in the| ,y mpRovED DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE, cabin, on deck, or any part of the vessel, | where it may be seen by every passenger on | board, |every manufactory where a steam engine is }used at a considerable distance from the | boiler. I am so much pleased with it that I | have put one up at one of my own collieries. | It is some distance from the boiler—in an- ; Other house—and works most beautifully, arches. The remarkable simplicity of these | which he devised in order to measure fur- | showing the rise and fall of the steam in the furnaces and the results obtained with them | nace drafts. The apparatus consists simply most delicate manner. are strong points in favor of their adoption. | of afine horizontal tube, ending in two larger the face of a clock, with a pointer, making vertical legs, one of which may be connected by flexible tubing with the space of the gas It should not be forgotton, however, that | many of the small details, such as the di- | FAOSTAT I QOao0ndd OOoOoo0ooOo tc LOE LOOGQOOGGO66 10 TOGOOOON0S00 ia Fig. 4.—Vertical Section of Boiler. SEES SI SSS WSs | one revolution in measuring from 1 pound to ‘100 pounds upon the square inch of the Fig. 5.—Cross-Section of Boiler. RECENT GERMAN DESIGNS OF BOILERS FIRED WITH GAS. mensions of the producer, the diameter of the air pipes, pressure of blast, &c., must be varied to suit the requirements of each locality, and that therefore a close copy of | Herr Haupt’s designis by no means neces- sarily the best. cc Strikes in Massachusetts.—The report of tke Massachusetts Bureau, which has just been published, furnishes some valuable information about strikes in a State where manufacturing of various kinds is so exten- sively carried on. It chronicles 159 strikes, of which 59 were in cotton or woolen mills and 34 in the shoetrade. Thirty-two of the strikes were among native operatives, and the remaining 127 either among foreign operatives or those of unknown nationality. As to the result, 119 failed completely ; 16| were compromised, six partially succeeded, the pressure of which is sought. In the horizontal tube, fitted with a fluid, is a small gas bubble, which naturally travels a cer- tain distance from the middle line of the tube when the pressure in one leg is lower than in the other. If the tube be one-twelfth of an inch in diameter and the legs half an inch, the indicating bubble will travel over a distance 36 times greater than that through which the water moves in the leg. A scale permits easy measurement of the exact dis- tance. Water mixed with spirits of wine was found by Mr. Gill to give good results, The following interesting letter, written by the famous George Stephenson on the 15th of October, 1847, is cited as establish- ing the claim of Mr. Sydney Smith, of Not- tingham, England as THE INVENTOR OF THE STEAM GAUGE. ‘* A most important invention has been sub- pressure of steam. It is quite from under the control of the engineer, or any other | person, so that its indications may be relied | upon, and the construction is so simple that it is scarcely possible for it to get out of order. I might give a full explanation of the machine, but I think it best to leave that to the inventor himself. The numerous and |appalling accidents which have occurred from the bursting of steamboat boilers have | induced me to give you these observations, | which I think desirable to be laid before the public. I may state that I have no pecu- | niary interest in the scheme, but being the | first person to whom it has been shown, and the first person to make use of it, I feel it a | duty I owe to the inventor, as well as to the | public, to make it as universally known as| possible. The indicator is put up at Tapton Colliery, near Chesterfield, and may be seen and 18 entirely succeeded—that is, the ab-" mitted to me for my approval, patented by | any day by any respectable person.” illustrations of which are published in the | Revue Industrielle by M. Hippolyte Fontaine, It may also be fixed in the office of | pe authority on the electric light. ‘The con | struction ef the machine, which has some The indicator is like | flange, upon the inside of which the four special points of interest, is as follows: Two round, cast-iron frame plates, firmly connected by bolts and provided with bear- ings for the main shaft, are bolted down to a cast-iron foundation plate. One of these frame plates has a wide, circular, inner electro-magnets of the exciting apparatus are mounted. The six rotating electro- magnets are fixed radially around a hex- agonal sleeve, which is attached to the shaft by bolts, to which the armavure is fastened also. The shaft carries at one end the small exciting coil and on the other the induction coil, the one creating a continuous and the other alternating currents. The method of coiling the wires differs slightly from that adopted in the other machines, as instead of winding one wire, two are coiled, in order to obtain tension currents for small lights or quantity currents for large ones. For regu- lating the power of the machine a copper wire, the length of which may be varied, is introduced between the exciting bobbin and the electro-magnets. During a number of experiments made with the two sizes manu- factured until now, the following results were obtained :; Intensity Revolu- Each Light, tions per Power. No. of Carcel Minute. Foot Pounds. Lights, Burners, S.EGD. coccesees 1,049 2 cee 43 T,2OO see eeceee By475 ese 4 sree 47 By39O-- ess ccces 9,307 cove 6 cece 44 BOOB. seccsce 2,748 owen 8 42 BAAD coccccces 2,546 onus 12 cone 25 By 3BO. coccceses 2,242 eevee 8 once 38 By JOO. ser sscee 2,076 6 37-°S E,W cccces - 2,416 eee 6 gece 50.2 S.AGacewedesce 2,720 eens 8 cose 47.2 T,QOO.seeeecces 2,720 cove 16 heow 48.0 TyO20.seeeeeees 2,720 s*e 20 ore st BeBOSo ccccesces 2,720 eoce. 28 ecee 31-5 The cost of the machinery is stated to be reduced by one-half when compared to the prices prevalent two years since, while the carbons employed last longer now and are sold at lower figures. According to the Comptes Rendus, a series of experiments, conducted by M. Tresca, was made on THE TRANSMISSION OF POWER BY ELECTRICITY, with Gramme machines, which, it will be remembered, were tried about a year since in France for plowing. These, it appears, were continued with a double Brabant plow, making a furrow 241 yards long. The ve- locity of the plow, when the circuit of the current was 875 yards, was 34.6 inches per second, the shaft making 1123 revolutions per minute; when the circuit was increased to 1422 yards, the velocity was increased to 27.56 inches and the revolutions of the shaft to 890. The effective work was estimated at 3 horse-power. In a recent number of the Technologiste, M. Violle gives the results of experiments made with improved apparatus to determine THE MEL ING POINT OF SOME METALS. The figures eached by him are the follow- ing: Silve. 1749°F.; gold, 1863° ; copper, 18go°; platinum, 3195°; iridium, 3510°. Pure copper, it will be seen, melts at a higher temperature than gold, while ordinary com- mercial copper fuses below 1035°. Dr. Granville Cole has drawn attention, ina paper read before the British Society of Arts, to A NEW METALLIC COMPOUND, which he states possesses properties that are likely to make it valuable in many branches of the arts. It was discovered some time since, by J. Berger Spence, that the sulphides of metals, combined with molten sulphur, forin a liquid, which on cooling becomes a homogeneous mass of dark gray color and possessing great ten- acity, while it is not affected by the atmos here, and resists acids and alkalies well. t has a comparatively low melting point, 320° F., and expands in cooling so that it fills molds very accurately, so well indeed that the marks of a finger on a plate of glass are reproduced. Experiments are being made to test its adaptability for printing and stereotyping purposes, and casts from gelatine molds have been made without destroying them. It has been tried by the South Metropolitan Gas Works for joining gas pipe, with such success, as regards the tightness of the joint and the ease and rap idity with which it is applied, that it has been adopted by the engineer of that cor- poration. Over lead it has the advantage of being much cheaper and of doing away with caulking, while its property of being a bad conductor of heat suggests other im- portant uses. For the specimens exhibited iron pyrites, containing lead and zinc, were used, the material obtained being capable of receiving a polish. Various colors, such as the patina of bronze, the dark blue of steel and the appearance of silver and gold have been imparted to it; so that there is some promise of its being available for the repro duction of works of art. ——E— - Herr Krupp’s estimate for steel girders for the Forth bridge is 15 per cent. lower than the lowest estimate from any other firm, British or foreign. The saving by the us: of German steel is £30,000. The specifica tions require that the girders shall be deliy ered at South Queensferry, a eee . —_— 2 ae = ee ee ———_— ~ es ek ee tt os a ese iP ie emir > - eee YY > ee uw SS Se - 7 a 68) ee ~- CB ive, etc. PActals. CHAS. &. WASHBURN, The Plume & Atwood | ur —_ Vice President & See sath 8 MOEN. MANUE Ag i Mfg. Company, usgorscronses o° oe ANSONIA BRASS & COPPER CO., No, 19 Cliff Street, Phelps Building, NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS OF BRASS AND COPPER IN Sheets, Bolts, Rods, Wire, &c. Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. Ansonia Corrugated Stove Platforms. PURE COPPER WIRE For Eleetrical Purposes, Bare and Covered. Phosphor Bronze Rods for Pumps, &c. ANSONIA * REFINED INCOT COPPER. PHELPS, DODGE & CO. IMPORTERS OF Established 1831, U __ WORCESTER, MASS. SHEET and ROLL BRASS and WIRE, y German Silver and Gilding Metal, Copper Rivets and Burs, Kerosene Burners, Lamp Trimmings, &¢. | gipepce a eee 80 Chambers Street, New York. Se a 3 13 Federal Street, Boston. Waterbury ‘Brass Co, CAPITAL, - - $400,000. Sheet, Roll and Platers’ Brass, CERMAN SILVER, Copper, Brass and German Silver Wire, BRASS AND COPPER TUBING, COPPER RIVETS & BURS, BRASS KETTLES, Door Rail, Brass Tags, PERCUSSION CAPS, POWDER FLASES, Metallic Eyelets, Shot Pouches, Tape Measures, dc. 109 Lake Street, Chicago. 1 d St Wi And small Brass Wares of every Description. FO n A n © e ' re, Rolling Mill, Factories, Cartridge Metal in Sheets or Shells a Speciaity.| _THOMASTON, Ct. | WATERBURY, C#t.| PATENT STEEL BARB FENCING, powell Bf. Patent Steel Wire Bale Ties. . Capewell Mfg. Co.’s Line of Sport- Brid ep ort Brass Co. inniiaae iae ne of a es [e lity, 3-16 9 e ing Goods and Wood’s Paper j stv Operators of the PATER Né CONTIN VOL ous ‘Ro ne Mitt, producing. ine and Stool Wise’ se colls 0: 00 po Ww ou A MANUFACTURERS OP Annealed Fence and Grape Wire! fong lengthe: Coppered ait elogrnph Wir + bee a Stone Wire, Clothine, 8 o. ean Seine Con vering Wire and Chain Wire. Wire for the manufact of Ca eddies Re room Wire and Tinned-piated Wire of all sizes. A specialty is made of Clock, Machinery, Gun Screw and MANUFACTURERS OF Shot Shells. DEPOTS: Mille At pane particular purpos TIN PLATE, (296 Broadway, New York, _ waTerBury,| Sheet and Roll Brass, Seer tee ins heated: acta acne eect pee te aay here ee ent Linen finish. Purivaled Steel Music ’ ‘ ire furnished, Ann Brass & Copper Wire & Tubing, een Sheet Wire for Borinan ites Srool C pelize Yitre, Steel Wire kept in stock, alls German Silver Metal and Wire, WAREHOUSE, 21 CLIFF STREET, “NEW YORK. St. Louis Office, 117 “North 2d Street Copper and Iron Rivets. 189 Eddy St., Providence, R. I. Conn. CA — BROWN'S PATENT ROOFING PLATE, Sheet fron, Copper, Pig Tin, Wire, Zinc, &c. TAPCTAOTUEEES CF | CTU R E OILERS and CUSPADORES, { LAMPS and TRIMMINGS, COPPER AND BRASS. Cock FFs erent | PLUMBERS MATERIALS Warranted to hold 100 Ibs. Particular attention paid to cutting out Blanks and manufacturing Metal Goods. MANUFACTORY, WAREHOUSE, Bridgeport, Conn. 19 Murray St., N. ¥. Harrison Wire Company, ST. LOUIS, MO. CLIFF STREET, NEW YORK. SCOVILL NM MFC CO BRASS, HINCES, WIRE, CERMAN SILVER. Manufactured only by Manhattan Brass Co., {st Ave., 27th to 28th St., New York. Solid brass, price, $4 per gross, less 25 % discount. THE NEW HAVEN COPPER CO., Tuos. W. Fitca, Cuas. FisH, Prest. and Treas. Secretary. MANUFACTURERS OF All kinds of PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS. BUTTONS, CLOTH AND METAL. —__>——. DEPOTS, FACTORIES, 4194421 Broome 8t, 8, Y. Waterbury, Com | 955 Pearl Street, New Vork. IRON & STEEL WIRE [NATIONAL WIRE & LANTERN WORKS. Warehouse, 45 Fulton St. N. Y. 183 Lake Sta Chicago. New York City. Manutacturers of and Dealers in HOWARD & MORSE, DICKERSON, VAN DUSEN & CO., Braziers’ & Sheathin § Wire Mill iaeatateten, Manufacturers of Brass, Copper & Iron Wire Cleth, Locomotive Spark Wire Cloth, x = | Iron Wire Bolting Cloth, Ship and Railroad Lanterns, Signal Lights, Conduc- Tin Plate, Pig Tin, Sheet Iron, Conper, COPPER. Holmes, Booth & Haydens, tors’ Lantern, Adjustable Globe Hand Lantern, Desk & Office Railing, Riddles, . Coal & Sand Screens, Nursery Fenders & Spark Guards, Ornamen re Fence, 29 «& aa tg hg Kettle Bottoms, Bolts, Circles, Rivets, w—* Pi vs : <i rt DICKERSON & CO., Liverpool. new voru.! Ingot Copper, Spelter, Solder, fc. | 49 cnambers st. 18 Federal St. RO E B LI N c 's Manufacturers of all kinds of WORKS ania , ', New York Office Incorporated 1876. Established 1837. Brass, Copper & German Silver, as WA T ER t U n Y Ni F G. C O., os ai on cin TRENTON, Warehouse eee pe ae CORT. BRASS & COPPER WIRE, N. J. 117 Liberty Street THE JOHN A, ROEBLING'S SONS CO, MANUFACTURERS OF : WIRE ROPE! cpivanzen |Iron and Steel lron, Steel and Copper Telegraph Wire, WIRE Hoisting Purposes of all Market Wire, kinds, for Ferries, Stays, Market Wire, Fence Wire Ship Rigging, Sash Cords, j j Bridge Wire, Chain Wire Lightning Rods, &c., &e. Vineyard Wire. Buckle Wire, Spring Wire, Suspension Bridge Cables. Rivet Wire, &c., &¢, GALVANIZED WIRE CLOTHES LINES. IRON AND STEEL WIRE ROPE For Hoisting, Running & Standing Ropes, Ferries, &c. CONSTANTLY KEPT ON HAND. Tubing, Copper Rivets & Burs. BRASS & IRON JACK CHAIN, DOOR RAIL. German Silver Spoons, SILVER PLATED FORKS & SPOONS, Kerosene Burners, &c. JOHN DAVOL & SONS, Agents for Brooklyn Brass and Copper Co., Dealers in BRASS GOODS. = ~ Manufacturers, impose rs and Dealers, N. & G. TAYLOR CO., Philadelphia. Wholesale and Retail, ESTABLISHED 1810. in all kinds of Tin PYPYPUEATES. A specialty for sizes used in the manufactureof| IN, & G. TAYLOR Co. Cheese Vats, a: Can make any sise dl oe Cream Pans, Sheet Zine, Sheet tron,” Milk Cans, Sheet Copper, Sheet Lead. Cotton Cans, &c. Sheet Brass, Ingot Copper, Spelter, Lead, Tin, Send for our special pric es and list of sizes. ain Str Antimony, Solder & Old Metals, __—_—«AO Tobn mGtrest,N. Ne N. PASSAIC ZINC CO. ABRAM S. HEWITT, President. JAMES HALL, Treasurer. WM. HEWITT, Vice President. E. HANSON, Secretary. TRENTON IRON COMPANY, (INCORPORATED 1847), Manufacturers of mir nts OT Pure Spelter |___Aidress, HAZARD MFG. CO., Wilesharre, Luzerne Co., Pa. FOR FELTEN & GUILLEAUME, Carlswerk, near Cologne, Germany, PATENT CRUCIBLE STEEL WIRE, For Mining and Plow Ropes, Hawsers and Bridge Cables. SIEMENS-MARTIN AND BESSEMER STEEL WIRE, Flusseisen, Swedish and German Charcoal Wire. GALVANIZED TELEGRAPH WIRE of Charcoal and Swedish Iron and Steel, also with high conductivity, and in long lengths. GALVANIZED STEEL WIRE, For Plain, Barb and Strand Fencing, 3, 4, ond 7-ply Strand, Staples, &c. Auhested, and Oiled Fencing ire, round and oval. WiRE ROPE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, TELEGRAPH CABLES. Contractors to the German and Foreign g« ¥ consnonite, The oldest house in the branch on the Con- Nelegraph Address, CARLSV ERK, COLOGNE, Cartridge Brass, Gas Fixtures, Bronzes AND ALL FINE WORK. Also for Galvanizers & Brass Founders. MANNING & SQUIER, Gen’! Agents 113 Liberty Street, N. Y. Geo. W. Prentiss & Co., HOLYOKE, MASS., MANUFACTURERS OF IRON @@WiRE. [RONand STEEL WIRE OF ALL CRADES, BRIGHT, ANNEALED, COPPERED, TINNED AND GALVANIZED; Tron and Steel Wire Rods; EXTRA QUALITIES OF BAR IRON AND RODS. Best Qualities of Gun-Screw and Charcoal Iron Wire; Crucible, Siemens-Martin and Bessemer Steel Wire. Wire Straightened and Cut to Lengths, _ Represented ia New York by C OOPER, HEWITT & CO,, 17 Burling Slip. BRODERICK & BASCOM, MANUFACTURERS OF tinent. J. WOOL GRISWOLD, been WIRE RAILING AND Ornamental Wire Works. No. 36 Nerth ae < Tin Manufacture WIRE RAI LING, for Cemeteries, Bales | Be —— ene, oven Wire, rok“ Bedstends” Chairs, IRON WIRE ROPE. B00 N. Main St. = B t. £ seeaaale Annealed and ‘Tin reek ppered A SCREW WIRK. Of el) mses ‘rirsigbtened and cut to order. a nee ae w. TT. WE L LS Sole Agent for Foxell, Jones & Co., manufacturers of HOLLOW WARE, and Broker in PIG IRON, 78 Beekman Street, New York City. ~ a Manufacturer of WiRE, TROY, N. ¥. 2 , | THE IRON AGH. March 11, 1880, URN, Sec’y N.Y. ‘loth, aduc- idles, ‘ence, fice treet eel Wire Wire, Wire, RE Fencing ™ >. the Con- orks. more. es, Balco und Coal Chairs, es gee March 11, 1389. | 0. LINDEMANN & CO.,. Ly Patentees and Sole Manufacturers of Spring Brackets for Bird Cages, | And manufacturers of the largest variety of Japanned, Brass and Yin-Plated Bird Cages in this Country. | Catalogues furnished to the trade. | 254 Pearl Strect, New York. | WESTON’S DIFFERENTIAL PULLEY BLOCKS. BROWN & BROTHERS, 81 Chambers St., N. Y. Manufacturers . of BRASS, COPPER AND GERMAN SILVER, In Sheets, Rolls, Rods, Wire, Tubing, Rivets and Burs, Etc. ALSO, Seamless Brass & Copper Tubing. PATENTED SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER HOUSE BOILERS, warranted to stand 200 Ibs. pressure and guaranteed against vacuum. PATENTED SPRING TEMPERED SHANK, SILVEK-PLATED, FLAT TABLE WARE, in rich designs. GERMAN SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS. St. Louis Malleable Iron Company, 2116 MARKET STREET, ST. LOUIS, MO. Henry M. FIuey, Joun D. Friiiey, President. Secretary. MANUFACTURERS OF Malleable and Gray Iron Castings, GENERAL HARDWARE, &c. “ROME IRON WORKS, Manufacturers of Brass, Gilding Metal, Cop-| per and German Silver (In Sheets, Rods, Tubing or Wire), COPPER & BRASS RIVETS AND BURS. Rome, New York. | | | } | Waterbury, Conn. P. W. GALLAUDET, Banker and Note Broker, Nos. 3 and 5 Wall Street, | NEW YORK, | HARDWARE, METAL, IRON RUBBER, SHOE, | PAPER AND PAPER-HANGINGS, LUMBER, COAL | AND RAILROAD PAPER WANTED. ADVANCES MADE ON BUSINESSS PAPER AND OTHER SECURITIES. | } —————— 3 x ——— : Se “SY BROKER IN IRON ( ———, aiintiens a FO Wz — 4 ALL SF, NeWe ~*~ L. Scuoennera, Pres. 8S. BLonpaerm, Sec’y. The Schoenberg Metal Mfg. Co., Manufacturers of and Dealers in SOLDER, TYPE, Stereotype, Electrotype and Babbitt Metals, Importers of Block Tin, Antimony, &c. Refiners of Lead, Spelter, &c. Highest price paid for Old Metals and au kinds or Dross. 528 ana 530 East 20th Street, between Avenues A & B, New York — Ss. Le. SAMUEL. P.O. Box 1300. &7 Cedar St., N. Y. Manufacturers’ EXPORT Agent for Hardware, Brassware, Classware, WOODEN WARE, Kerosene Goods, Burners, Wicks, Oil. | Late Agent for Wau. H. Samvet & Co. } Orders sent direct will save the purchaser all inter- | mediate profits. | ays | R.SELLEW & CO.) Dealer in METALS, Tia Plate, Sheet Iron, Copper, &c. SAINT LOU'TS. ' } } i¢ } } | | THE IRON AGE. CARYW c& MOEN, Mannafacturers of STEEL WIRE forall purposes and STEEL SPRINCS of every description. VII Ae LEEEL WOU OULU ELLE MELE LER DEE Market Steel Wire, Crinoline Wire, tempered and covered. Also Patent Tempered Steel Furniture Springs, constantly on hand. 234, 236 and 238 West 29th Street, - - - NEW YORK, SOLE MAKERS, YALE LOCK MFG. CO. Office and Works, STAMFORD, CONN, SALESROOMS, 653 Chambers St., New York. 36 Pearl St., Boston. SOG Commerce St., Philadelphia. STANLEY RULE AND LEVEL Co., MANUFACTURERS OF ~ Improved Carpenters’ , = “forte Manufacturers of Baliley’s Patent Adjustable Planes, Genera] Agents for the sale og Leomard Bailey & Co.'s ** Victor Planes,’ FACTORIES, New Britain, Conn. WAREROOMS, This Advertisement is Changed Every Week. D. G. GAUTIER, Chairman D, J, MORRELL, Treasurer. CHAS. BOUGLASS, Gen’ Supt. GAUTIER STEEL CO., LIMITED. STEEL, WIRE and SPRINGS. ANNUAL CAPACITY. I Fis sis eo ahaa Se ale de dk Seihicnedus ..eeee++-85,000 Tons. CN Haida baa Lia Uae ie kota ok td Ahad a no aR ae 25,000 “* NN SINR RIGS. so ks vudnw caus speeeacawenan’ss 50,000 Patrs. BROPRO+ FOO OGD, 6 cdcccnsiccccccccpcccccccececcs see Bote, A eRe = eee 60,000 WORKS, JOHNSTOWN, PENN. Eastern Warehouse, 93 John St., N. Y.; Phila, Warehouse, 505 Commerce St. MONITOR TIN PLATE WORKS, 5 54 Clim Street, New York, Manutacturers of LARGE TINNED SHEETS for DAIRY and OTHER PURPOSES, COTTON CANS, and all special sizes, shapes, gauges and qualities, from ro to 40 inches wide, 1° to 96 inches long. Guaranteed Equal in Every Respect to Best Imported. CONDIT, WICK & CO., lron Manufacturers and Merchants, Wholesale Dealers in Sheet, Tank and Plate Iron, Nails, Glass, Horse Shoes, Horse Nails, and other articles of HEAVY HARDWARE, CLEVELAND, OHIO. EAGLE FACING MILLS AND PLUMBAGO WORKS, CINCINNATI, O., MANUFACTURERS OF Foundry Facings and Blackings, Black Lead and Lubricating Plumbago, Foundry Supplies, Monk’s Molders’ Tools, Molding Sands, Our Return Facings are used by all first-class Stove Manufacturers. Our Heavy Black- ings are used by the U. S. Government, by the leading Railroad Foundries, and wherever heavy castings are made, Ee” QUALITY GUARANTEED THE BEST. SEND FOR PRICES. ey Ss. OBERMAYER & CO., Prop’rs. COXE BROS. & CO., Cross Creek Lehigh Coal. The Purity and Strength of this Coal especially adapt it for the working of Iron and Metals, GENERAL OFFICE, 12 & 14 Trinity Building, 111 Broadway, New York. BRANCH OFFICE, 206 Walnut Place, Philadelphia. E. B. & S. W. ELY, Agents, P. 0. Box 262, N. ¥. | | nooga District. and Manufacturers’ Association, Gen. J. T. } . e . | Wilder delivered a lecture on the mineral re- Tennessee of the location of that other twin element of As| recognized national power and growth ; sources cf that portion of | which Chattanooga is the central point. a brief and lucid presentation of the facts, Before a recent meeting of the Iron, Coal 7% we | t The Mineral Resources of the Chatta- tucky, and Missouri, and suitable for smelt ing Bessemer and foundry pig iron. Having thus hastily shown you the posi tion of the first element of successful manu facturing industries-—abundant coal of ex cellent quality—I will now point out to you } abundant beds of iron ore. By looking at we commend it to the attention of the readers | the map of Chattanooga mineral district of The Iron Age: The coal field of Tennessee extends en |tirely across the State, from Kentucky to Georgia and Alabama, being an extension | of the Appalachian coal fields, whose north ern extremity is in Northern Pennsylvania, and extends southwesterly across Pennsy| vania, West Virginia, Eastern Kentucky, Ten nessee and ends in Central Alabama. The coal field of Tennessee covers 5100 square miles ; there are about 4000 square miles in Alabama and 250 square miles in Georgia, all be- longing to the lower coal measures. A!l these broad acres, excepting a small area in Ala- bama, form a covering for the Cumberland table land, raised above the surrounding country, with an outcrop above the drainage level of the valleys on either side, easily er w g Sy Gas Firing for Steam Boilers.—Fig 3.—Ver- tical Section of Boiler. opened, ventilated and drained. From Cum- berland Gap, on the Virginia line on the northwestern side of the Valley of East Ten- nessee, down to Chattanooga, 260 miles, is a continuous outcrop of from one to three workable veins of coal, all above drainage level. From Chattanooga to Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 190 miles, along the northwestern side of Lookout, Wills’ and Jones’ valleys, through which runs the Alabama Great Southern Railroad, this same outcrop con- tinues. On the southeast side of Lookout and Wills’ valleys is the outcrop of the same coal beds, in the upper section o Lookout Mountain, for 75 miles. The Ten nessee River bisects it at Chattanooga through to Shellmound, Alabama, and then skirts its northwestern side, 75 miles fur- ther, nearly to Decatur, Alabama. Sequachee River cuts a deep trough through it from the Crab Orchard Mountain in Cum- berland County, Tennessee, 65 miles south westerly to the Tennessee River at South Pittsburgh, 20 miles west of Chattanooga, bi- furcating the coal field of Tennessee, and leav- ing the Wallen’s Ridge coal field, about 10 miles wide, between the Sequachee and East | Tennessee valleys, with the Tennessee River running parallel to its southeastern base, and from three to five miles distant from the line of the coal outcrop. From Chattanooga to Emory River, a distance of 80 miles, parallel to the outcrop of this coal field, and Gas Firing for Steam Boilers,—Fig. 6. along its base, runs the Cincinnati Southern Railroad. The Emory River rises on top of the broad Cumberland coal field, runs south- east across its edge, and empties into the Clinch River near Kingston. The Cincin- nati Southern Railroad follows the valley of the Emory River, climbing with an easy grade 30 miles to the summit of the coal field, until it reaches the waters of the Cumberland River, and then follows a nat- ural slope, with a moderate grade to the Cumberland River at Point Burnside, having run 80 miles from Chattanooga along the southeastern base of the coal measures, and then directly on and across them 70 miles further toward Cincinnati. These lower coal beds, easily and cheaply opened and worked, are the best suited for making good qualities of iron, being gener- ally free from sulphur and making a good quality of coke. The Chattanooga blast fur- nace uses from 70 to 80 bushels of coke to smelt a ton of No. 1 foundry iron, and the Rockwood furnaces about the same amount, the coke in both instances being made from the same coal seam, called the ‘‘ Sewanee,” at Pracy City in Grundy County, and the Rockwood seam at Rock- wood, in Roane County, localities too miles apart. This coal belongs to the lower coal measures, and lies on top of the great layer of conglomerate rock of the lower carbonif- erous period. This seam is, where undis- turbed, from 4 to 5% feet thick. There is no good reason why this superior coal ceuld Tennessee River, immediately below Chat- tanooga, where the river cuts a deep gorge | across and through the Wallen’s Ridge coal field, a distance of more than 10 miles, with coal cropping out on both banks of the river and high above i When the Muscle Shoals of the Tennessee River are made navigable, a large industry can here be made profitable by supplying cheaply, from this source, coke equal to the best ‘‘ Connellsville,” to the iron districts of West Tennessee, Western Ken- not be cheaply mined on the banks of the | dark belt of che coal formation, split in t ir will see the great broad bifureat the Sequache northeast and southwest by, Valley, margined and bisected by the deep cut of the Tennessee River above and below Chattanooga, and radiated by the seven rail roads converging here. On the eastern side of the Sequachee Valley you will notice a red marginal line extending 65 miles up that valley, to its head. Again, you will see a long red line beginning in Central Ala bama, near Tuscaloosa, following the south east edge of the Alabama coal field, running on both sides of the Alabaina Great Southern Railroad to Chattanooga, 150 miles, extend- ing all around Lookout Mountain, which is 80 miles long, and centering in one red line at Chattaneoga ; then following the south- east base of the Wallen’s Ridge coal field, 80 miles northeast along the line of the Cin- cinnati Southern Railroad, and continuing on in the same position and direction until it passes into Virginia, near Cumberland Gap. You will also notice another red line cut through by the Tennessee River in a number of places from Rockwood down to Piney River, a distance of 20 miles. You will also see at Clinton, on the Clinch River north lof Knoxville, another red line running | southwest, crossing the Tennessee River | five miles above Kingston, continuing its | course parallel to the Tennessee and about | three miles southeast of it, 40 miles to the Hiwassee River, then gradually curving more to the south, crossing the East Ten- nessee Railroad near Ooltewah, 15 miles east of Chattanooga, and the Western and Atlantic Railroad, near Ringgold, Georgia, 18 miles from Chattanooga, and crossing the proposed railroad from Chattanooga to Rome, Georgia, 25 miles from Chattanooga, then southwest 60 miles along the north side of the Coosa River to Gadsden, Alabama, where it runs into a like red line at the eastern base of Lookout Mountain. These long red lines—aggregating over a00 miles in all—mark the line of an out- crop of wonderful beds of fossiliferous red hematite iron ore, none of it more than 15 |miles from the eastern outcrop of the coal | measures, These ore seams belong to the | Clinton rocks of the upper silurian period, and | lie bedded in green shales, about 100 feet be low the black bituminous shale of the devo nian era, which, through all this distance, is about 50 feet thick, and is covered by the great limestone beds of the sub-carboniferous period. Allthese formations lie like the leaves of a book, flat bedded on each other, and gen- erally tilted up and broken into high ridges, or folded into deep synclinal troughs or val- leys, in either case exposing the edges of the ore beds, making it easy to find, ready to mine, abundant in quantity and always ac cessible. These beds usually average 3 to 5 | feet in thickness—sometimes more. Now The | turn north with me to the southeastern side | of the valley of Tennessee. Here you will |see a wonderful succession of parallel ridges, running northeast and southwest |along the northwestern base of the high | Appalachian chain of mountains, which | skirt the southeast side of the great valley of | East Tennessee. All along this region are very large beds of brown hematite or limon- ite iron ore, apparently exhaustless in quan tity, and extending from Central Alabama in a continuous chain beyond the Virginia line, a distance of more than 300 miles. From this ore is made the fine car-wheel iron of Alabama, Georgia, and East Tennessee, smelted in cold-blast furnaces with charcoal for fuel. This grand chain of ore beds usu ally lies bedded on the lower layers of the lower silurian rocks, in proximity to the metaphoric rocks, and distant from the coal field 30 to 40 miles. These ores are accessi ble by railroads in Northwest Georgia and Eastern Alabama, and can be laid down in Chattanooga at $2.50 per ton. They usually yield about so per cent. of iron in the blast furnaces. The fossiliferous ores yield from 45 to 56 per cent. of pig iron in the Chattanooga Blast Furnace—all are easily smelted and cost here from $1.75 to $2.25 per ton. An excellent quality of lime- stone is found near the coal and iron beds. The limestone used in the Chattanooga Blast Furnace contains 96 per cent. of carbonate of lime, and costs at the furnace so cents por ton. On the southeast side of the Ten- nessee Valley are found large veins of mag- netic iron ore, similar to the ores of Iron Mountain, Missouri ; it is a rich black oxide, yielding about 66 per cent. of metallic iron, free from sulphur or phasphorus, and low in silica, very suitable for the manufacture of the finest grades of steel—I refer to the ‘*Cranberry” ore beds of Carter County, East Tennessee, and Mitchell County, North Carolina. These ores, when reached by the proposed railroad, can be delivered at Chat tanooga cheaper than ores of like quality can anywhere reach coal suitable to smelt them All these great combinations of good and cheap materials, for the successful manufac ture of iron at Chattanooga, combined with the facilities for collection and distribution, insure to the Chattanooga mineral distriet a prosperous future, and furnishes the reason why merchantable pig iron has been made here as low as $9 per ton. The following figuresshow the yield of iron at the Chattanooga blast furnace: Ooltewah red ore, 56 per cent; half moon, or Tennessee River ore, 40 to 50 per cent; Attalla, Alabama, red ore, 53 per cent.; Morganville, Georgia, red ore, 3314 per cent.; Rising Fawn, bard red ore, 33 ‘4 per cent.; Rising Fawn, soft red ore, 50 per cent.; Woodstock, Alabama, brown ore, 48 | per cent.; Pryor’s Station, Alabama, brown ore, 48 to 50 per cent.; Rockwood red ore 48 to 55 per cent. pig iron, The red fossiliferous ores of this district, when properly mined and kept clean, will readily yield from 50 to 56 per cent. of iron The soft ores hold a large per cent. of water, and should be fire-dried before smelt- ing. The hard ore of Wills \ alley contains a large per cent. of lime, usually enough to flux them in the blast furnace. A singular SEER ee 1 if a ee . ile’ he Cites ¥ eee. sae ES pa tea SS < jo eo pomee ~ — FOP sagt A anata ne ee —~ = a on nn -* se Ld . - ee ae > A ei ge ayer A ewe ree a a i ee ae ee - i ie eae i Seeman gee ee — — = Se — i é of ey Se — ae a — ER & Xvot, -WEW YORK. NEW YORK. OGDEN & WALLACE, A. B. Warner & Son, TRONSE TEC. | IRON MERCHANTS, IRON & STEEL, 85 $7,89 & 91 ELM ST., N. We COMMON AND REFINED | 8 4 29 West and 52 Washinton dts, weet AND PLATE Ion TE SHEE HOOP, BAND AND SCROLL IRON, BOILER PLA 9 Boller Tubes, Angle, Tee & Girder fren, Rod and Horse Shoe Iron, Gott 4 Pank Rivees erand Tan ve Angle and T Iron, Sole Agents for the celebrated “Tncfuimemienetw oer |“Rureka.” Pennocks, “Wawasset,” Lukens, PIERSON & CO, J Brands of Iron. Alsoall descriptions of Plate, Sheet, Established 1790, | Lron. Fire | Box Iron @ specialty. 24 & 26 Broadway, 77 & 79 New St. ‘ROME MERCHANT IRON i: sieduamemee 2 eg Nei grade of Bar lron, Bands and Fine Hoops. Scrolls, vem. a ores, Half Rounds, Hexagon and Horse Shoe Iron. Also from Charcoal Pig 9 su a oP + All pudd duced by'h of iron | branded J. G. | ~~ _ or amen eee may be sent to the @ Mill or STér iON. seseceane esses MARSHALL LE FFERTS, 90 Beekman St., New York City, MANUFACTURER AND DEALER, Galvanized Sheet Iron, Ist and 2d Qualities. Galvanized wen, Tele t. end) penee Galvanized Hoop and Band Iron, and Bar Iron, Pine. anized Nails, , Galvanized "Chain Ge Galvanized Lron CORRUGATED SHEET IRON For Roofing, &c., Galvanized, Plain or Painted. Best Charcoal, Best Refined and Common SHEET IRON. Plate and Tank Iron, C No. 1,C H No. 1, GR Be. 3 Viangs, Best Flange, Best Flange Fire Box, Circ BOILER IRON Stamped and Guaranteed. All descriptions of Iron Work Galvanized or = dy order. list and ‘quotations sent upon application. W. BAILEY LANG, Sole Agent in United States & Canada for LOW-MOOR IRON COMPANY, NO. 50 BEEKMAN ST., NEW YORK. JAMES WILLIAMSON & CO.,| SCOTCH AND AMERICAN | | PIG IRON, _No. 69 Wall St., New York, _ ULSTER IRON WORKS, 90 a: New York. | Fall River lron Co.’s Nails, Tuckerman, Mt Mulligan& Co Bands, Hoops & Rods. | 9, W. GRAVES & C0., | rc METAL BROKERS, n Mining Company’s aap apieserie.,) a y Cor. Cliff and Beekman Sts., New York, TIN PLATE, PIG TIN, IRON WIRE, SHEET | ELIZABETHPORT ROLLING MILL, | IRON, BRASS and COPPER GOODS, &. Eilzabethport, N. J, Passaic Rolling Mill Co., PATERSON, N. J. lron Bridge Builders And Manufacturers of Beams, Channels, Angles, | THES, | NEW YORK CITY, All Sizes and Shapes kept in Stock, ABEEL BROTHERS, Established 1765 by ABEEL & BYVANCK, Iron Merchants, 190 South Street and 365 Water, N. Y. ULSTERIRON|* A full assortment of all sizés constantly on hand. Refined Iron, Horse-Shoe Iron, Common Iron, Band, Hoop and Scroll Iron, Sheet Iron, Norway Nail Rods, Norway Shapes, Cast, Spring and Tire Steel, etc. A. R. Whitney, Manufacturer of and Dealer in IRON, 56, 58 & 60 Hudson, 48, 50 & 52 Thomas, and NEW YORK. 12, 14 & 16 Worth Sts., Our specialty is in Manufacturing Iron Used in the Con- struction o/ Fire-Proof Buildings, Bridges, &c. 4 estimates furnished, and contracts made on Iron Structures of every description, Books containing cuts of all Iron made sent on ap- plication by mal at office. a address Sample pieces 58 mn Street. “BORDEN & LOVELL, Commission Merchants 70 & 71 West St., Wm, Borden, | — New York. _ LN Lovell, Agents for the sale of Common and Refined BAR IRON, Fish Plates, Spikes, &c. Address, DANIEL W. RICHARDS & CO,, THE lRON AGH. Anthracite & Charcoal Pig Irons, BLOCK TIN, LEAD, SPELTER, ATERORY: WICKEL, &c HARRISON & GILLOON we: on hand, and offer for sale, the {ollowns | amd Gasometer Iron. Special attention to Locomotive Wro ‘EGLESTON BROS. & CO., | Am. & Eng, Ref'd Iron,Common Iron,&c RWPie Iron, March 11, 1880, Rvon. Kron. PITTSBURGH. PITTSBURGH. W. D, WOOD & CO, n A. @. HATRY, | Commission Merchant. Bar, Sheet, Tank, Boller, Angle, T, and Ratlroad Iron, And Railroad Equipment. Nails & Spikes Steel & R. R. Supplies, . WINDOW GLASS, GAS PIPE & BORAX. PITTSBURGH, PA. JUNIATA — Evo. NEW YORK. John W. Quincy, 98 William Street, New York. Wrought Scrap, Cut Nails, Copper, IRON AND METAL DEALERS, 558, 560, 562 WATER ST., and 202, 804, 306 CHERRY 8T., NEW YORK, PATENT Planished Sheet Iron. Patented March 14th, 1865 ; April 8th, 1873 ; Sept. 9th, 1873; Uct. 6th, 1874; Jam, 11, 1876. Guaranteed fully equal in all respects to the IMPORTED RUSSIA IRON, | and at a much less price. FOR SALE, by all the principal METAL DEALERS In the Large cities throughout THE UNITED STATES. And at their Office, Ill Water Street, PITTSBURGH, PA. ~/ ee Stan antta Pa. SNOW SHOES. Manufacture to order BEST REFINE H oO The only Snow Shoes in the market that abso- D CHARCOAL AND |, | rarely P prevent all balling and give universal enti. POLISHED SHEET IRON, Improved Snow Shoe Shapes. Taggers Iron and Bessemer Steel Pides, | in quality and size to suit the wants ot consum Standard Sizes. ers. Also Best io Terne Plates in in Special | Sizes, from r1ox17 to 20: | $@X7-16, 12-16X7-16, 47-16, 13-16X7-16, 4X7-16, 4X% Orders solicited. Inquiries peromaw answered. | 15-16X34, 1X34, 1 1-16K%, 1 1-8x% Works at tones ‘Allegheny Co., Pa. STE EL TOE CALKS. Eastern Sales A | SHOENBERGER & 00, wiepereh, ELY & WILLIAMS, 1 "2% John eee a —e Portsmouth Iron and Steel Co., Successors to Cc. BANE, Dealer in IRON and STEEL. Old Ralls, Wheels, Axles, Springs, Manufacturers of Scrap, Turnings, &c. * : on Siemens-Martin (Open Hearth) = rh Duateone ey, one - oon q ay, n reet, ST F g cement” "| STEEL BOILER PLATE, and Steel Tire. R. A. W | L S O N a C 0, Also, Homogeneous Iron Boiler Plate and Riveta, | Merchant Bar, Hoop and Sheet I Ww PIG IRON, eee | Semen, Fish Bars an Bolts. BLOOMS AND ORE, h and American Pig Iro — Cast and hinery Scrap Iron, Car-Wheels, Asien iad Heavy t Iron; also _ Copper, Composition, Brass, Lead. Pewter. dine, & OXFORD IRON | C0., (B. G. CLARKE, Receiver,) Cut Nails SPIKES. J. S. SCRANTON, Sales Agent, 81, 83 and 85 Washington Street, NEW YORK. BURDEN’S HORSE SHOES. “Burden Best” lron GAYLORD ROLLING MILL Co., Boiler Rivets. Office and Works : o> eee TH, OHIO. J. C, LEWIS, GEO. 8. LEWIS. Burden Iron Works, H, Burden & Sons, | __ 88 Fourth ave., cor. Wood st., Pittsburgh. _ | Pres’ t and Gen'l nT Bap’ t. Sec'y and Treas. Bonnell, Botsford & CO., 1 rary ing. aon moot Troy, N.Y. oe Iron, Nails & Spikes, Keystone Rolling Mill, | Williams, Long & McDowell, Manufacturers of 166 South Street, } NEW YORK CITY. 267 Front Street, j YOUNGSTOWN, OHO, ncy of ’ Age BURDEN’S N. M. HOGLUND'S SONS & CO., Stockholm. | Merchant Bar and Skelp Iron ’ HH. S. & S. Swedish & Norway Iron, Sheets and Plates of all sizes, AND Rew York and Philadelphia.” ga bend ot Bysten, | Office, No. 87 Water Street apeciality. GUSTAF LUNDBERG, 33 Kilby st., Boston. Pittsburgh, Pa , . ALBERT POTTS, Philadelphia Agent, 234 & 236 N. | | Mill at Sono, Second Za ~ 2UG&co. Pittsburgh, Pa., Manufacturers of Wheeler's Iron & Steel Combination Shafting, Under license of the Combination Trust Co., Philadelphia. ULSTER BAR IRON, All sizes and shapes in stock. Also Best Grades of B. F. JUDSON, Importer of and Dealer in SCOTCH AND AMERICAN Wrought & Cast Scrap Iron, OLD METALS. 333 Aasesoun sez; NEW YORK. W. S. MIDDLETON, BROKER AND BUYER OF IRON, Thies Shafting is superior to any now on the market, and the attention of machinists is 457 & 459 Water St. particularly « called te it and a trial order solicited. Prices furnished on application. LEECHBURG IRON WoRKs. KIRKPATRICK, BEALE & CO. Manufacturers ‘of all grades of Merchant Iron, Rc. &e. 88 to 96 Mangin St. +» New York. | | New Work Office, 138 Chambers Street. WILLIAM H. WALLACE & CO., | IRON MERCHANTS CARMICHAEL & EMMENS, Cor. Albany & Washington Sts | [ran & Steel Boiler Plate, NEW YORK CITY. wu. Burnax.| Lap Welded Boiler Tubes, &c., &c. /130 & 133 Cedar Street, New York, | “oat for Otis’ celeb: rated a ‘ast Stee! Boiler Plates, The patesville Iron Co. and The Laurel Rolling Mi ills. Importers of and Dealers in Scrap Iron and Metals, WATTS COOks, President. nt. . FAY ERW EATHER, Treasurer. Wau H. Wallace DANIEL F. COONEY, Late of and Successor to Jas. H. Se & Ce.) SS Washington St., N. | BOILER PLATES and SHEET IRON, LAP WELDED BOILER FI Boller Rivets, Angle & T iron, Cut Nails ‘ Ses HUGH W. ADAMS, DEALER IN FOREIGN AND AMERICAN RAILWAY, PIG AND SCRAP IRON. I Co., Viaduct Iron Works Lebanon a ace eM! tle > i t Lron Works . Laure +] Iron Estimates furnished for all kinds of Iron Work \ ork » Bergen Rolling Mills, at Jers ey Ci 56 PINE STREET, ) NEW YORK, ‘Houdlette & Ellis, Manufacturers of and Dealers in MERCHANT BAR IRON, Homogeneous Steel and iron Boiler Plates. Sheet and Tank Iro _ Mo yiler, Tank and Safe tv Best Lap- Welded a on Boiler Tubes. Wrought Iron Girder, Deck, and Channel Beams Angle, T and Grooved Iron Stec] and a ‘orgings, Bessemer Stee] Cut Naus. Hot Preséed Nuts, FULLER BRO Genuine and Standard Babbitt Metals Crescent Brand Journal! Bearings. 19 te 31 Batterymarch Street, Boston, "| shipments to New York, Boston, Philadelphia, 139 Greenwich Street, New York. FINE SHEET TRONS, (Refined, Cold Rolled, Show Card, Stamping, Tea Tray, Polished, Shovel.) Machinery, Hardware & Tools, TIN AND TERNE PLATES, made with Natural Gas as fuel. 52 JOHN STREET, OFFIOE, No, 116 Water St., Pittsburgh, Pa. WORKS, Leechburg, Pa. NEW YORK. — -—- — -— - Mill, Allegheny City, Pa.; Office, Cor. Water and Market Sts., Pittsburgh, Pa. ANDREW KLOMAN, Pittsburgh, Pa., Manufacturer of STEEL AND IRON STRUCTURAL MATERIAL, Kloman Patent Universal Mill-Rolled Eye Bars, LIGHT STEEL AND IRON Ninn ne a So ; Railroad, Mining and Steamship Supplies, Room s, Glengarnock and Carnbroe SCOTCH PIG IRON, For spot delivery and for prompt or forward MOULDING SAND, ALBANY SAND A SPECIALTY. ALBany, N., Y., January, 1880. | Baltimore or New Orleans. For sale in lots to suit